Zigbee Mesh Networking

Zigbee Mesh Networking  10 September 2008 Raoul van Bergen Field Application Engineer Embedded – EMEA Digi International

ZigBEE

Fundamentals of ZigBee • Low Cost • Low Power • Security-enabled • Reliable • Initia Initiall Targ Target et Marke Markets ts were were AMR, AMR, Buil Buildin ding g  Automation, and Industrial Automation (M2M Comms)

ZigBee Protocol Protocol • Where Does oes Zi ZigBee gBee Fit Fit?  – Data Data Rate Rate vs. Rang Range e vs. vs. Battery Battery Life (not (not show shown) n) Wireless Video Applications

  r   e    t   s   a    F

UWB 802.11g   e    t   a    R   a    t   a    D    k   a   e    P

IrDA

Wireless Data Applications

802.11a

Wi-Fi®  802.11b

Cellular 2.5G/3G

Bluetooth™   r   e   w   o    l    S

Data Transfer

ZigBee™ Wireless Networking

Closer

Range

Farther

Wireless Standards Comparison Feature(s)

IEEE 802.11b

Bluetooth

ZigBee

Battery Life Complexity Nodes/Master

Hours Very Complex 32 Enumeration u to 3 seco econds nds

Days Complex 7 Enumeration u to 10 seco econds

Rang e

100m-1000m

10m

Extendability RF Data Rate

Roaming possible 11Mbps

No 1Mbps

Years Simple 64000 Enumeration u to 30 mill milliseco iseconds nds 70m-300m (ETSI), 1600m (FCC) Yes 250Kbps

Security

 Authentication  Authentication Service S ervice Set ID (SSID)

64-bit, 128-bit

Latency

128-bit AES and Application Layer user defined

ZigBee Protocol Protocol •

How Does ZigBee Work? –

ZigB igBee is a Networking ing Protocol tha hatt Rides on Top of the IEEE 802.15.4 Radio Protocol ZigBee AF ZigBee APS ZigBee Network  802.15.4 MAC 802.15.4 PHY 

ZigBee ZDO

802.15.4 Protocol •

802.15.4 Specifications –

Supported Networks • •

–

Types of Nodes • •

–

ZigBee APS ZigBee Network  802.15.4 MAC 802.15.4 PHY 

Coordinator End Node

Reliable Delivery • •

– –

Point-Point Point-Multipoint/Star

ZigBee AF

CSMA/CA   MAC-le -level (pt (pt-pt) Ret Retries/Acknowledgments

64-bit IEEE and 16-bit short Addressing 16 DSSS RF Channels

ZigBee ZDO

802.15.4 Protocol •

802.15.4 Nodes in a PAN (Personal Area Network)

ZigBee Protocol Protocol • Su Supp ppor orte ted d Netw Networ orks ks  – PointPoint-Po Point int  – Point-Mul Point-Multipoi tipoint/St nt/Star ar  – MESH 

• Types of Nodes

ZigBee AF ZigBee APS

ZigBee ZDO

ZigBee Network  802.15.4 MAC 802.15.4 PHY 

 – Coordi Coordinat nator or  – En End d Nod Node e  – ROUTER 

• Reli Relia able ble De Delive liverry  – CS CSMA MA/C /CA  A   – MAC-level (pt-pt) Retries/Acknowledgments Retries/Acknowledgments  – MESH NETWORK -   ACKs  -level  level (multi -  -hop) h   op) Retries/ 

• 16 DS DSSS SS RF Ch Chan anne nels ls

ZigBee Protocol Protocol •

ZigBee Nodes in a PAN (Personal Area Network) •Coordinator •One per PAN •Establishes/Organizes a PAN •Mains-powered

•Router •Optional •Several can be in a PAN •Mains-powered

•End Device •Several can be in a PAN •Low power