Zhvillimi i algoritmeve per krahasimin e te dhenave te deklarimit te pasurise - Besnik Dragusha

UNIVERSITETI I PRISHTINËS “HASAN PRISHTINA”

FAKULTETI I INXHINIERISË ELEKTRIKE DHE KOMPJUTERIKE DEPARTAMENTI I INXHINIERISË INXHINIERISË KOMPJUTERIKE-MASTER KOMPJUTERIKE-MASTER

Tema: Zhvillimi i algoritmeve për krahasimin e të dhënave të deklarimit të pasurive

Kandidati: Besnik DRAGUSHA

 Me  M ento ntor i : Pro Pr of. Ass. Dr . Kadri SYLEJMANI

Pr i shti shti në, në, Te T etor tor 2017 2017

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 Punim Diplome-Master

Abstrakt  Në këtë punim diplome-masteri, është shtjelluar problemi me kontrollin dhe verifikimin e deklarimit të pasurisë së zyrtarëve z yrtarëve të lartë publik, si dhe mënyrat dhe metodologjitë e zgjidhjes  së këtij problemi, duke praktikuar algoritmet algoritmet e avancuara për gjetjen e solucioneve solucioneve të problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë lidhur me grupimin dhe klasifikimin e zyrtarëve, sipas pasurimit të tyre.  Pothuajse, në të gjitha vendet e Botës, në njëfarë forme bëhet grumbullimi dhe mbledhja e të dhënave të pasurive për zyrtarët e lartë publik, ku pastaj edhe bëhet verifikimi i vërtetësisë së këtyre deklarimeve dhe kontrolli i tyre, t yre, dhe në përgjithësi mund të themi se qëllimi i secili t shtet, me këtë rast është, që përmes këtyre kontrolleve të deklarimeve të gjenden zyrtarët që janë  pasuruar në mënyrë të paligjshme. Njashtu, Njashtu, edhe Republika e Kosovës, këtë kontroll e realizon  përmes Departamenti Departamenti për Deklarimin dhe Kontrollin e Pasurive dhe të Dhuratave Dhuratave në Agjencinë

kundër Korrupsionit (AKK). Mirëpo, përzgjedhja e zyrtarëve që do t’ju bëhet ky verifikim dhe kontroll është një pjesë e rëndësishme dhe delikate e këtij problemi. Prandaj, problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë i është dhënë zgjidhje duke u bazuar në procesin e dekl arimit të pasurisë, dhe të kontrollit, e verifikimit, që aplikohet në AKK.  Zgjidhja e problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë është arritur duke u bazuar në dy metodologji të algoritmeve të avancuara dhe atë në metodologjinë e grupimit, dhe në metodologjinë e klasifikimit. Metodologjia e grupimit realizohet duke i grupuar zyrtarët e lartë publik në grupe të caktuara, varësisht nga rritja e pasurisë ndër vite. Duke u bazuar në këtë metodë të grupimit, mund të arrijmë në përfundim se ndonjë grup i zyrtarëve mund të ketë diskrepancë të përfitimit të pasurive me të hyrat e tyre, dhe si të tillë duhet të bëhen objekt për kontroll dhe verifikim të  pasurisë së tyre t yre dhe të mënyrës së përfitimit të saj. Kjo realizohet për të gjithë deklaruesit, që aktualisht kanë dy e më tepër deklarime të pasurisë, të realizuar në AKK. Algoritmi i përpiluar  për realizimin e këtyre grupimeve është i bazuar në algoritmet algoritmet për grupim, në metodën metodën k-means.  Metodologjia e dytë, është ajo e klasifikimit të deklarimeve të pasurisë së zyrtarëve të lartë  publik, të cilët janë deklarues të rinj, d.m.th., kanë të realizuar vetëm një deklarim në AKK, AKK, dhe atë, në vitin aktual. Algoritmi i përpiluar për këtë qëllim kryen funksionin e krahasimit të të dhënave të atributeve të caktuara për zyrtarët që janë deklarues të rinj, duke i krahasuar këta  zyrtarë me grupe të veçanta të rezultateve të fituara nga nga algoritmi i grupimit. grupimit. Me këtë rast, duke u bazuar në praktikat e më hershme të vërtetësisë së grupimit, bëjmë klasifikimin e zyrtarëve të rinj në grupimin e pasurimit të ligjshëm apo të paligjshëm, d.m.th., i klasifikojmë në zyrtarë  potencialisht të korruptuar, apo të pa korruptuar, gjë që orienton AKK, AKK, se cilët janë zyrtarët e ollit dhe të hetimit. rinj që duhet t’i mbajë nën llupen ll upen e kontr ollit  Duke përdorur Visual Studio.Net, programin C#, janë programuar këto kët o dy algoritme në një  program që e kemi quajtur Aplikacioni për Deklarimin e Pasurisë (ADP), dhe përmes tij janë testuar dhe analizuar rezultatet e fituara me mostra jo reale, dhe pastaj me ato reale të deklarimit të pasurisë, duke i dhënë kështu, një zgj idhje problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë.

F j alë k yçe: yçe:   deklarimi i pasurisë, algoritmet e avancuara, grupim, algoritmi i grupimit, k-

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 Punim Diplome-Master

Abstract  In this master's thesis, the problem with controlling and verifying the assets declaration of  senior public officials, as well as the ways and methodologies of solving this problem, has has been elaborated by practicing advanced algorithms for finding solutions to the property declaration  problem regarding the grouping grouping and classification of officials according to their enrichment. enrichment.  Almost, in all countries of the world, world, in one way or another another data regarding asset declaration is  gathered and carried out for senior public officials, whereby the verification of the truth of these declarations and their control is verified, and in general we can say that the purpose of each state, on this occasion is that through these disclosures controls it is possible to find officials who have been illegally enriched. Also, the Republic of Kosovo conducts this control through the Department for Declaration and Control of Assets and Gifts in the Anti-Corruption  Agency (ACA). However, the selection of officials that will go through this verification and control is an important and delicate part of this problem. Therefore, we have solve solv e the problem of asset declarations based on the process of property declaration, and verification that is applied to the ACA. Solving the problem of asset declarations has been achieved based on two methodologies of advanced algorithms and that in the methodology of the clustering, and in the classification methodology. The clustering methodology is carried out by grouping senior public officials into certain clusters, depending on the increase in wealth over the years. Based on the clustering approach, we conclude that any cluster of officials that has discrepancy in the profitability of their property with their own revenues, and as such should be the object of controlling and verifying their assets and the way they profit real. This is accomplished for all the offic ials, who currently have two or more asset declarations, carried out in the ACA. The algorithm that has been designed for the realization of these clusters is based on the clustering algorithm, the kmeans algorithm. The second methodology is that of classifying property declarations of senior public officials, who are new declarants, and they have completed only one declaration in the ACA, and that, in the current year. The designed algorithm for f or this purpose performs the function of comparing the selected data attributes for officials offici als who are new declarants, comparing these officials with cluster of results obtained from the clustering algorithm. On this occasion, based on earlier  practices of the authenticity authenticit y of the grouping, the new officials offic ials are classified into the cluster of legal or illegal enrichment, which means officials are classified as potentially corrupted or uncorrupted, which enables ACA to identify which officials should be under control and investigation. Using Visual Studio.Net, the C # program, these two algorithms have been programmed into a  package so called the Declaration of Assets Application (ADP), and through it the obtained results have been tested and analyzed with unreal and then real data of asset declaration, thus  providing a sustainable solution to this problem.

K eywords: ywords:   assets declaration, advanced algorithms, cluster, clustering algorithm, k-means,

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 Punim Diplome-Master

Parathënie Algoritmet e dizajnuara për grupimin e të dhënave, siç është algoritmi k-means është bazament i mirë  për përpilimin e një metode të veçantë, e cila mundëson mundëson grupimin e të dhënave dhënave nëpër grupe të caktuara, sipas funksionit të matjes së ndryshimit anormal të vlerave të pasurisë së deklaruar ndër vite për zyrtarët e lartë publik. Nga ana tjetër algoritmet për klasifikimin e të dhënave duke u bazuar në një pemë të vendimit, siç është algoritmi Decision Tree, paraqet një koncept të fuqishëm për modelimin e një metode algoritmike të tillë që do të mundësoj klasifikimin e deklaruesve të rinj në grupimin e personave  potencialisht të korruptuar, apo të pa korruptuar, duke u bazuar në pemën e vendimit, e cila tanimë është krijuar sipas parametrave paraprak të rezultateve të fituara nga algoritmi për grupim, sipas historikut të deklarimeve disa vjeçare. Përmes kësaj është synuar të arrihet përzgjedhja e duhur e zyrtarëve të lartë  publik, pasuria e të cilëve cilëve na jep indikacione për për t’iu nënshtruar nënshtruar procesit procesit të kontrollimit, verifikimit verifikimit dhe

hetimit, për dyshim të përfitimit të pasurive në mënyrë të paligjshme apo në mënyrë korruptive. Organizimi i kësaj teme të diplomës master është bërë në gjashtë kapituj dhe në pjesën e shtojcës, ku secili nga kapitujt është i përbërë nga njësit e saj, titujt e nëntitujt, si në vijim: -

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 - Në këtë kapitull është bërë një hyrje e përgjithshme për këtë K api tulli tulli I  - H yrja yrj a dhe dhe mot motii vimi   punim. Pastaj është është paraqitur motivimi dhe arsyet e përzgjedhjes përzgjedhjes së kësaj kësaj fushe dhe përcaktimit  për zgjidhjen e këtij problemi. Dhe është bërë një përshkrim i shkurtër i problemit tonë për të të cilin do të kërkojmë zgjidhje, si dhe janë përpiluar dhe saktësuar objektivat e temës. Po ashtu, këtu është përshkruar edhe puna e ngjashme në literaturë;  – D eklari mi dhe kontr K apitulli itulli I I  –  kontr olli i pasuri së - Në këtë kapitull është shpjeguar dhe analizuar deklarimi i pasurisë, kontrolli dhe verifikimi i tij, ku është paraqitur procesi i deklarimit të  pasurisë, veprimtaria e Agjencisë kundër Korrupsionit, subjektet deklaruese dhe, pasuritë e deklaruara dhe llojet e tyre. Pastaj është shpjeguar publikimi i deklarimit të pasurisë dhe masat e marra për ruajtjen e privatësisë, si dhe rëndësia e procesit të deklarimit të pasurisë dhe mënyrat e kontrollit të këtyre pasurive të deklaruara; K apitulli itulli I I I  –  Algorit  Algori tmet pë për analiz nalizimin imin e të të dhë dhëna navve të të de deklari klari mit të pasuri suri së - Në këtë kapitull është folur për algoritmet e avancuara, në të cilat to të bazohemi për zgjidhjen e  problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë, siç janë: algoritmet për grupim, veçmas algoritmi k-means, dhe algoritmet për klasifikim, pikërisht, algoritmi  Decision Tree. Në pjesën e dytë të këtij kapitulli është bërë reprezentimi i problemit duke e modeluar atë, si dhe, më pastaj është bërë reprezentimi i zgjidhjes së problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë. Dhe në pjesën e fundit të kapitullit  janë definuar metodat algoritmike algoritmike për gjetjen gjetjen e zgjidhjeve zgjidhjeve të problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë. Këto metoda janë definuar si në aspektin skematik, ashtu edhe përmes pseudo-kodeve; K apitulli itulli I V  –   Aplikacioni për analizimin e zgjidhjeve -  Në këtë kapitull është pasqyruar aplikacioni që e kemi dizajnuar për analizimin e zgjidhjeve, sipas pseudo-kodeve të definuara në kapitullin e tretë. Ky aplikacion quhet Aplikacioni i Deklarimit të Pasurisë (ADP) dhe është dizajnuar dhe implementuar në  Microsoft Visual Studio 2013, në gjuhën programuese C# , ku edhe është bërë programimi i këtyre pseudo-kodeve algoritmike. Është përshkruar bllokdiagrami i aplikacionit, si dhe është marr një shembull me të dhëna fiktive të deklarimit, për të  përshkruar hap pas hapi hapi funksionalitetin dhe përdorimit përdorimit e ADP-së;  –  Rez arritura të K api tulli tulli V  –   R ezul ultat tatet et eksper eksper i mentale entale - Në këtë kapitull janë paraqitur rezultatet e arritura  përfituara përmes për mes algoritmit tonë për deklarimin e pasurisë duke përdorur mostrat e marra të deklarimeve të deritashme në AKK. Dhe janë analizuar rezultatet e përfituara me anë të  përdorimit të aplikacionit ADP; kapitull është bërë një një përmbledhje e temës K api tulli tulli VI  V I  –  Di  D i skutim skuti me dhe konkluz konklu zi one - Në këtë kapitull në tërësi, ku kemi dhënë një përshkrim përfundimtar për temën tonë dhe kemi treguar për arritjen e objektivave gjatë gjithë këtij punimi, si dhe kemi dhënë sugjerimet për ata që dëshirojnë të zgjerohen më tepër në këtë lëmi në të ardhmen.

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 Punim Diplome-Master

Përmbajtja K api tulli ulli I ............................................................. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................... ............. 1 1. H yrja rj a dhemo motivimi ivimi ............................................................. ......................................................................................................................... ............................................................ 1 1.1. Hyrje ............................................................ .................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................ 1 1.2. Motivimi .................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. ............................................................ 3 1.3. Përshkrimi i problemit dhe objektivat ................................................................... ................................................................................ ............. 3 1.3.1. Koncepti bazik i problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë ................................................... 3 1.3.2. Objektivat ...................................................................... .................................................................................................................... .............................................. 5 1.4. Puna e ngjashme në literaturë ...................................................................... .............................................................................................. ........................ 6 K api tulli ulli I I ........................................................... ................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................... ............. 9  2. Deklarimi dhe kontrolli i pasurisë ................................................................................................. 9 2.1. Procesi i deklarimit të pasurisë .................................................................... .......................................................................................... ...................... 10 2.1.1. Subjektet deklaruese .............................................................. .................................................................................................. .................................... 15 2.1.2. Pasuritë e deklaruara dhe llojet e pasurive ................................................................ 16 2.2. Publikimi i pasurive të deklaruara dhe privatësia .............................................................. 17 2.2.1. Publikimi i pasurisë së deklaruara në Agjencinë kundër Korrupsionit ..................... 18 2.3. Rëndësia e procesit të deklarimit dhe publikimit të pasurisë ............................................ 19 2.4. Kontrolli i deklarimit të pasurisë .............................................................. ....................................................................................... ......................... 21 2.4.1. Kontrolli paraprak .................................................................... ..................................................................................................... ................................. 21 2.4.2. Kontrolli i plotë .......................................................... ......................................................................................................... ............................................... 22 K api tulli ulli I I I ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... 27   3.  Algo  Alg ori tmet për ana analiz lizim imii n e të dhëna hënavve të deklari klarim mit të pasurisë............................................... 27  3.1. Algoritmet për zgjidhjen e problemeve me të dhëna ......................................................... 28 3.1.1. Grupimi i të dhënave me algoritmin k-means ........................................................... 29 3.1.2. Klasifikimi i të dhënave me algoritmin Decision Tree.............................................. 31 3.2. Modelimi dhe zgjidhja e problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë ............................................ 35 3.2.1. Reprezentimi i problemit ..................................................................... ........................................................................................... ...................... 36 3.2.2. Reprezentimi i zgjidhjes ...................................................................... ............................................................................................ ...................... 40 3.2.3. Pseudo-kodet për zgjidhjen e problemit .................................................................... 54 K api tulli ulli I V ...................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................... 61 61 4.  Apli  Apli kacio kacioni ni pë për ana analizim lizimii n e zgjidh gj idhje jevve të proble roblem mit .................................................................. 61 K api tulli ulli V ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. 71  5. R ezulta ultatet eksp ekspe eri menta ntale............. ....... ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. .............. ............. .......... .... 71 5.1. Mostrat e deklarimeve dhe rezultatet ..................................................................... ................................................................................ ........... 71 5.2. Analiza rezultateve të arritura 76

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 Hyrja dhe motivimi motivimi

Punim Diplome-Master

K api tulli I 

1. Hyrja dhe motivimi Problemi i deklarimit të pasurisë, është një problem i cili kërkon zgjidhje sipas konceptit të menaxhimit, strukturimit, klasifikimit dhe grupimit të të dhënave të pasurisë së zyrtarëve të lartë publik. Zgjidhjet e këtij problemi tentojnë të japin rezultatet të pritura për gjetjen e zyrtarëve të cilët kanë rritje të shpejt të  pasurisë së tyre gjatë kohës sa ata ushtrojnë funksione të larta publike. Këto zgjidhje kërkohen duke manipuluar me të dhënat e deklarimeve të pasurisë së tyre. Për të përfituar zgjidhje të problemit përmes ndonjë metode kompjuterike nevojitet përpilimi i procedurave të përcaktuara në formë algoritmike,  përmes të cilave fitohen rezultate të dëshiruara nga nga të dhënat e deklarimit të pasurisë. Për zgjidhjen e këtij problemi është përpiluar algoritmi i deklarimit të pasurisë, i cili bazohen në grupim e zyrtarëve sipas ngjashmërive të të dhënave të deklarimit të tyre, dhe në klasifikimin e zyrtarëve sipas  parimit të praktikave paraprake, për të cilat tanimë tanimë rezultati është i njohur. Deklarimi i pasurisë dhe i dhuratave të pranuara për zyrtarët e lartë publik realizohet në mënyra të ndryshme nëpër vende të ndryshme të Botës. Mirëpo qëllimi i këtij procesi për çdo vend (shtet) është i njëjtë, ai i transparencës për zyrtarët e institucioneve shtetërore dhe publike, të cilët paguhen nga arka e taksapagueseve. Çdo shtet e përcakton me ligj se kush është autoriteti për mbledhjen e të dhënave të  pasurisë së deklaruara nga zyrtarët e lartë publik, dhe cakton atë se si këto të dhëna duhet të ruhen, menaxhohen, kontrollohen, dhe si si do të verifikohet verifikohet vërtetësia e tyre. Autoriteti kontrollues i të dhënave të pasurisë së deklaruara ka një punë të madhe, si në mbledhjen e informatave të deklaruara, ashtu edhe në krahasimin e tyre ndër vite, krahasimin me të dhënat e tjera,  përcaktimin e prioriteteve ndaj deklarimeve të caktuara, etj. Prandaj, përdorimi i algoritmeve të avancuara në gjetjen e zgjidhjeve të mira për këto çështje, sidomos për përzgjedhjen e zyrtarëve të duhur, të cilëve do t’iu verifikohet dhe kontrollohet pasuria e tyre, i mundëson autoritetit (institucionit) që bënë kontrollin e deklarimit të pasur isë isë t’i kryej më shpejt dhe më saktë këto kontrolle të të dhënave të

deklarimit të pasurisë dhe të fokusohet tek zyrtarët që kanë elemente për përfitime të paligjshme.  Në Kosovë, Kosovë, autoriteti autoriteti qendror që bënë kontrollin e pasurisë së deklaruara deklaruara për zyrtarët e lartë publik është institucioni i pavarur -  Agjencia kundër Korrupsionit (AKK), i themeluar në korrik të vitit 2006. Kjo Agjenci tani punën e vetë e kryen sipas  Ligjit Nr. 03/L-159, të 29-dhjetor-2009-së [1].

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 Hyrja dhe motivimi motivimi

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zyrtarëve, deklarimet e të cilëve kanë elemente të mjaftueshme për ndryshime të mëdha të pasurive të tyre, ndër vite. Për krijimin e një algoritmi të caktuar, i cili do të jep zgjidhje për problemin e deklarimit të pasurisë, i cili algoritëm do të aplikohet në sistemin elektronik të menaxhimit të të dhënave të deklarimit të  pasurisë, më rëndësi është analiza e sistemeve, si një nga rolet kryesore të ndërtimit të një projekti informativ. Dhe analiza e sistemeve është njëra nga katër fazat e ciklit të jetesës së ndërtimit të sistemeve SDLC (ang. Systems Development Life Cycle), të cilat janë: planifikimi, analizimi, dizajni dhe implementimi. Analizimi i sistemeve luanë një rolë kyç në projektet e ndërtimit të sistemeve. Analizimi i sistemeve duhet të përshkruaj se si do të aplikohet teknologjia në zgjidhjen e problemeve të bizneseve [2]. Prandaj, ne në këtë punim do të analizojmë sistemin dhe metodat e deklarimit të pasurive në Agjencinë kundër Korrupsionit, në mënyrë që të japim një zgjidhje praktike për problemin e deklarimit të t ë pasurisë sipas sistemit punues të AKK-së në Kosovë. Por, pse do merremi me deklarimin e pasurisë dhe me zgjidhjet e këtij problemi? Atëherë le të nisemi nga pyetja, sa është i rëndësishëm dhe i nevojshëm për publikun procesi i deklarimit dhe kontrollit të  pasurisë së zyrtarëve të lartë publik? Nga deklarimi i pasurisë nxirren rezultatet të rëndësishme për shoqërinë e një vendi, si rritja e transparencës, gjetja e konfliktit të interesave, zbulimi i korrupsionit,  parandalimi i korrupsionit, etj. Mirëpo, rëndësinë e procesit të deklarimit të pasurisë së zyrtarëve të lartë  publik si dhe kontrollin e prejardhjen e dhuratave të tyre, mund ta ilustrojmë përmes figurës së më  poshtme ( Figura  Figura 1).

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 Hyrja dhe motivimi motivimi

Punim Diplome-Master

1.2. Motivimi  Ndërtimi i sistemeve informatike është është shumë shumë i rëndësishëm në lehtësimin e punës së punonjëseve punonjëseve nëpër organizata të ndryshme, njashtu edhe ndërtimi i një algoritmi të avancuar i cili do të bëjë analizimin dhe krahasimin e të dhënave të deklarim it të pasurisë, do t’i ndihmoj shumë, në punën e tyre zyrtarët e Agjencisë kundër Korrupsionit. Po, ashtu krijimi i një algoritmi të tillë mund të jetë pikënisje e mirë për aplikimin e tij, jo vetëm në Kosovë, por edhe në vendet e rajonit e më gjerë. Duke qenë i familjarizuar mirë me disa nga problematikat e procesit të deklarimit të pasurisë në AKK (sepse jam zyrtar në AKK që nga janari i vitit 2009), 2009), dhe duke dashur t’i j apim zgjidhje shkencore dhe

 praktike problemit të kontrollit dhe të krahasimit të të dhënave të deklarimit të pasurisë në mënyrë që koha e punonjësve të AKK-së të shfrytëzohet në mënyrë sa më racionale, duke i listuar nga sistemi zyrtarët që kanë predispozita më të mëdha të përfitimeve të shpejta dhe të shumta gjatë kohës sa ai mban funksion publik, punimi për këtë lehtësim të punës, është shumë i këndshëm dhe me motiv të lartë. Po ashtu, motiv shtesë është edhe puna e më hershme në Fakultetin e Inxhinierisë Elektrike dhe Kompjuterike (FIEK) të Universitetit të Prishtinës (UP), gjatë studim eve master, me ç’rast jam familjarizuar me konceptet themelore të algoritmeve të avancuara, në lëndët: - Inteligjenca artificiale dhe; - Analiza e algoritmeve të avancuara. Kësaj teme të diplomës master i paraprinë edhe  Punimi Seminarik , si punim i obliguar në fund të studimeve master në FIEK, i cili ishte një analizë e realizuar për metodat dhe sistemet që i përdorin institucionet e vendeve të rajonit për realizimin e deklarimit të pasurisë së zyrtarëve të lartë publik, i titulluar si “Analiza e metodave d he he sistemeve për krahasimin e të dhënave të deklarimit të pasurive”, pasurive ”, dhe, ky punim pasqyron një hulumtim të realizuar mbi analizimin dhe krahasimin e procesit të deklarimit, kontrollit dhe krahasimit të pasurisë së zyrtarëve të lartë publik në këto shtete: Kosovë, Shqipëri, Maqedoni, Serbi, Mali i Zi, Bosnja dhe Hercegovina, si dhe në Kroaci. Këto që u cekën më lartë ishin motivet primare për t’u fokusuar në gjetjen e zgjidhjeve për problemin e

krahasimit të deklarimit të pasurisë, duke mos harruar edhe atë, që besojmë se me këtë punim diplome -së një solucion të mirë për implementim praktik në të ardhmen, për krahasimin e do t’i japim AKK -së deklarimit të pasurisë së zyrtarëve të lartë publik. Dhe po ashtu, shpresojmë se, përmes këtij punimi dhe  përmes aplikimi t të algoritmit që do të zhvillohet, do të jemi një faktor sa do i vogël që do t’i japim shtytje më të madhe AKK-së në vazhdën e punës së saj për luftimin e korrupsionit në Kosovë.

1.3. Përshkrimi i problemit dhe objektivat Problemi me krahasimin e të dhënave të deklarimeve të pasurisë për zyrtarët e lartë publik, nënkupton gjetjen e një solucioni për krahasimin dhe gjetjen e sh’ përputhjeve  përputhjeve në vlerat e pasurive të deklaruara, të hyrave vjetore, shpenzimeve dhe përfitimeve të zyrtarëve të lartë publik dhe të familjarëve të tyre. Kjo

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 Hyrja dhe motivimi motivimi

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A -13 nga zyrtarët  Formulari A-131. Përmes të dhënave që i mbledh me rastin e plotësimit të formularit A-13 e lartë publik, Agjencia për çdo vit kontrollon dhe krahason këto deklarime të pasurive, dhe të dhënat që nuk janë prekje e privatësisë së individit, i bënë publike në ueb faqen e saj zyrtare. Mirëpo, procesi i kontrollit dhe i krahasimit të deklarimit të t ë pasurisë është mjaft i komplikuar dhe kërkon kohë të madhe  për arritjen e këtij qëllimi, duke gjetur dhe krahasuar fillimisht, zyrtarët të cilët kanë rritje të pasurive ndër vite, rritje të cilat mund të konsiderohen jo proporcionale në raport me të hyrat e tyre apo me fi timet. Problemi që duhet të zgjidhet me këtë rast, mund të përshkruhet si gjetje e një solucioni algoritmik për krahasimin e vlerave të deklarimit të pasurive ndër vite të secilit zyrtarë, duke gjetur dhe grupuar zyrtarët e lartë publik sipas rritjeve apo zvogëlimeve të pasurisë së tyre. Duke i grupuar zyrtarët sipas rritjeve të  pasurive dhe sipas përfitimeve përfitimeve të tyre, gjejmë grupe të ndryshme me zyrtarë të cilët mund të jenë ose ose të mos jenë të korruptuar. Por si mund ta përshkruajmë këtë problematikë? Së pari, po nisemi nga ajo se çfarë deklarohet në Agjenci, cilat janë obligimet për deklarim, si dhe cili është rezultati që pritet të finalizohet në fund të çdo procesi të deklarimit, kontrollit, verifikimit, dhe krahasimit. Kur një zyrtar bënë deklarimin e pasurisë në AKK, ai jep informatat e nevojshme për funksionin zyrtarë që ai kryen, si dhe jep informatat e nevojshme për funksionet e tjera të mundshme që ai ushtron karshi funksionit të tij zyrtarë. Përveç informatave personale dhe atyre të punës apo funksioneve që ushtron, zyrtarët bëjnë deklarimin e pasurisë së paluajtshme dhe asaj të luajtshme, aksioneve në shoqëri biznesore dhe përfitimet prej tyre, obligimet financiare ndaj personave privat apo ndaj institucioneve financiare, si dhe të hyrat apo përfitimet e pranuar në formë të pagës, apo në ndonjë formë tjetër. Të gjitha këto deklaruesi i deklaron për veten e tij dhe për familjarët e tij. Problemi kryesor me këto deklarime është gjetja e zyrtarëve të cilët kanë pasuri të mëdha, por të cilat  pasuri janë rritur apo janë përfituar shumë shpejtë duke mos u përputhur të hyrat vjetore nga pagat me investimet kapitale të bëra. Ky problem ka të bëjë me kontrollin dhe krahasimin e pasurisë së  paluajtshme (shtëpi, banesa, tokë, etj.) dhe të pasurisë së luajtshme në vlerë mbi 3,000.00 euro (vetura, (vetura, makina bujqësore, etj.). Këtu është e rëndësishme të bëhet kontrolli dhe krahasimi i deklarimeve të  pasurisë, gjegjësisht i vlerës së tyre të përcaktuar nga vetë deklaruesi, dhe të krahasohet se sa janë rritë këto pasuri nga viti në vit. Me këtë rast kontrollohen dhe krahasohen edhe vlerat e përfitimeve nga aksionet në shoqëri komerciale që zyr tari tari mund t’i ketë, i letrave me vlerë dhe i parave të mbajtura nëpër

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 Hyrja dhe motivimi motivimi

Punim Diplome-Master

1.3.2. Objektivat Me punimin e kësaj teme të masterit synohet që të arrihen disa qëllime shkencore në aspektin e krijimit, implementimit dhe testimit të algoritmit të krahasimit dhe kontrollit të të dhënave të deklarimit të  pasurisë, si dhe dhe disa qëllime praktike praktike në lehtësimin e funksionalitetit të punës punës që AKK vazhdon ta kryej kryej në mandatin e saj funksionues, f unksionues, lidhur me krahasimin dhe kontrollin e deklarimit të pasurisë së zyrtarëve të lartë publik. Kjo nënkupton përzgjedhjen e zyrtarëve, pasuritë e të cilëve kanë pësuar ndryshime të mëdha brenda një afati kohor të caktuar. Objektiva e parë e kësaj teme është kuptimi dhe analizimi i procesit të deklarimit dhe kontrollit të  pasurisë, duke kuptuar në mënyrë thelbësore tërë procesin e deklarimit të pasurisë, mbledhjes së informatave për këtë proces, përpunimin e tyre, kontrollin dhe krahasimin, metodologjitë e punës, dhe menaxhimin e të dhënave të deklarimit të pasurisë. Objektiva e dytë, është kuptimi i konceptit të algoritmeve të avancuara dhe të funksionalitetit të tyre, rëndësinë e përdorimit të këtyre algoritmeve në sisteme informative për zgjidhjen e problemeve të caktuara. Dhe përzgjedhjen e algoritmeve dhe të metodave algoritmike, në të cilat do të bazohemi për zgjidhjen e problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë duke i krahasuar të dhënat e këtyre deklarimeve Objektiva e tretë e kësaj teme është, modelimi matematikor dhe logjik i problemit të deklarimit të  pasurisë, si si dhe modelimi i kërkimit të zgjidhjes për për këtë problem. Kjo nënkupton nënkupton përshkrimin përshkrimin e procesit dhe të mënyrës së gjetjes së zgjidhjeve për këtë problemin e deklarimit të pasurisë. Dhe duke u bazuar në modelimin e zgjidhje së problemit, bëhet edhe zhvillimi i algoritmeve për zgjidhjen e këtij problemi. Objektiva e katërt e kësaj teme është implementimi i algoritmit të dizajnuar për zgjidhjen e problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë në një aplikacion të veçantë. Dhe pas implementimit të këtij aplikacioni duhet të testohet algoritmi në fjalë duke përdorur të dhëna joreale dhe reale të deklarimit të pasurisë. Me këtë rast bëhet edhe analizimi i rezultateve të fituara përmes përdorimit të këtij aplikacion të krijuar, me qëllim të analizës së krahasimeve të të dhënave të deklarimit të pasurisë ndër vite, dhe ato brenda një viti. Proceset dhe rezultatet e synuar, që do të duhej të arrihen me përfundimin e këtij punimi janë j anë paraqitur në mënyrë skematike, përmes diagramit në vijim (Figura 2), i cili pasqyron të gjithë hapat që duhet të

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 Hyrja dhe motivimi motivimi

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Me përmbushjen e këtyre katër objektivave kryesore, do të arrihet qëllimi, që në mënyrë të suksesshme të gjenden zgjidhjet e problemit të deklarimit dhe kontrollit të pasurisë së zyrtarëve të lartë publik në Kosovë. Përveç tjerash, ky solucion do të jetë si një themel i mirë për zgjidhjen e këtij problemi edhe nëpër vende të tjera të rajonit dhe më gjerë.

1.4. Puna e ngjashme në literaturë Problemi i deklarimit të pasurisë edhe si problem, edhe si proces, relativisht vonë, në vitet e fundit ka filluar të diskutohet në vendet të ndryshme, kur edhe është filluar të aplikohet si proces. Me kalimin e kohës rëndësia e tij sa vije e shtohet, si në aspektin e transparencës, llogaridhënies, konfliktit të interesave, po ashtu edhe në parandalimin dhe në luftimin e korrupsionit. Shumica e vendeve që e aplikojnë deklarimin e pasurisë për zyrtarët e lartë publik nuk i bëjnë publike të dhënat e deklarimit, por ato i përdorin për nevoja të brendshme të kontrollit dhe verifikimit. Disa vendet të tjera, siç është edhe Kosova i bëjnë publike këto të dhëna. Për menaxhimin dhe ruajtjen e shënimeve të deklarimeve të  pasurisë ekzistojnë aplikacione të krijuara krijuara enkas për nevojat e institucionit institucionit që e bëjnë këtë menaxhim. Secili nga vendet e rajonit posedon sistemin e tyre elektronik për mbledhjen dhe ruajtjen e këtyre shënimeve. Mirëpo asnjë sistem, përveç ruajtjes dhe menaxhimit të këtyre të dhënave, nuk ka të futur në funksion ndonjë algoritëm të avancuar i cili bënë krahasime inteligjente të deklarimeve të pasurisë  për të gjetur kandidatët deklarues potencial potencial të korruptuar, apo dhe ata të pa korruptuar [3]. [3]. Punë e ngjashme në literaturë është marr punimi seminarik “Analiza e metodave dhe sistemeve për krahasimin e të dhënave të deklarimit të pasurive”, pasurive” , i cili pasqyron një analizë lidhur me metodat e mbledhjes së të dhënave të deklarimit të pasurisë, si dhe të sistemeve elektronike për menaxhimin e këtyre të dhënave në shtetet e rajoni, përkatësisht në institucionet e përcaktuara për këtë qëllim në secilin shtet, siç janë: Agjencia Anti Korrupsion Korrupsion (AAK) –  Serbi;  Serbi; Agjencia kundër Korrupsionit (AKK) –  Kosovë;  Kosovë;  Agjencia për Parandalimin Parandalimin e Korrupsionit Korrupsionit (APC) - Mali i Zi; Agjencia për Parandalimin Parandalimin e Korrupsionit Korrupsionit dhe Koordinimin e Luftës Kundër Korrupsionit (APKKLKK) –  Bosnja  Bosnja dhe Hercegovina; Hercegovina; Inspektorati i  Lartë i Deklarimit dhe Kontrollit të Pasurive dhe Konfliktit të Interesave Interesave (ILDKPKI) - Shqipëri;

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 Hyrja dhe motivimi motivimi

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Ashtu siç po shihet edhe në tabelën 1, të gjitha vendet aplikojnë katër lloje të deklarimit të pasurisë,  përjashtimisht Kroacisë Kroacisë që aplikon vetëm dy. Kontrollin Kontrollin paraprak apo preliminar e aplikojnë aplikojnë që të gjitha vendet, kurse kontrollin e plotë nuk e aplikon vetëm Bosnja dhe Hercegovina. Deklarimi online nuk aplikohet në asnjë vend, kurse që të gjitha vendet ruajnë të dhënat e deklarimit edhe në mënyrë elektronike. Zhvillim të mirëfilltë të hetimeve për deklarim të pasurisë realizon vetëm AKK në Kosovë, kurse deklarimin e pasurisë e bëjnë publike vetëm dy shtete: Kosova, dhe Serbia. Ndërsa krahasimin automatik të të dhënave të deklarimit të pasurisë nuk e bënë asnjë institucion i lartcekur, dhe po ashtu asnjë sistem për menaxhimin e të dhënave të deklarimit të pasurisë nëpër këto vende nuk përdor ndonjë algoritëm të avancuar i cili bënë krahasime logjike dhe inteligjente për ndryshimet e pasurisë së deklarua. Pra, në përgjithësi vendet e rajonit përdorin sistemet e tyre elektronike për ruajtjen dhe menaxhimin e të dhënave të deklarimit të pasurisë, nxjerrjen e raporteve të ndryshme si ndarjen e të dhënave private nga ato publike për të bërë publikimin e deklarimeve me disa të dhëna, e jo me komplet të dhënat e formularit të deklarimit, apo raporte të tjera të përgjithshme si numrin e deklaruese, listën e tyre, etj. Apo në rastin e AKK-së sistemi mundëson edhe gjenerimin e listës së zyrtarëve të cilëve do t’iu kontrollohet pasuria brenda viti, sipas përzgjedhjes së shortit. Për të përshkruar funksionaliteti funksio nalitetin n e këtyre sistemeve si mostra analize janë marr marr “Sistemi “Sistemi i Deklarimit Deklarimit ”  atë të cilin e përdorë e Kosovës, dhe “ dhe Regjistrimit të Pasurisë (SDRP)  Agjencia  HIDAACMS   HIDAACMS ” atë të cilin e përdor inspektorati i lartë  në  në Shqipëri. Tabela në vijim (Tabela 2) pasqyron dallimin ndërmjet

disa funksioneve të këtyre dy sistemeve. Tabela 2.  Pasqyrimi i disa vetive vetive për sistemin SDRP dhe HIDAACMS HIDAACMS [3]  Ruajtja e të

 Shteti  Kosovë  Shqipëri

I nst nstitucio itucioni  ni  AKK  AKK    ILDKPKI

 Sistemi  Sistem L lojet e dhënave në mënyrë elektronik  dekalr dekalr i me meve ve elektronike (Po/Jo)

Deklarimi  Kontrollë të Krahasim i Online dekalrimit avancuar i (Po/Jo) (Po/Jo)  pa  p asurive (Po/ (Po/Jo) Jo)

Gjenerim i r ap aporteve orteve

 Diferenca mes të

hyrave hyr ave dhe dhe  pasurisë (Po/Jo)

SDRP

4

PO

JO

JO

JO

PO

JO

HIDAACMS

4

PO

JO

JO

JO

PO

PO

Që të dy sistemet SDRP dhe ai HIDAACMS mundësojnë ruajtjen elektronike të të dhënave për katër lloje të deklarimeve të pasurisë, dhe po ashtu, që të dytë mundësojnë prodhimin e disa raporteve të  përgjithshme për të dhënat e deklaruara. Asnjëri nga këto dy sisteme nuk mundëson deklarimin online

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 Deklarimi dhe kontrolli i pasurisë

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K apitu itulli I I

2. Deklarimi dhe kontrolli i pasurisë Deklarimi i pasurisë është mënyrë e përshkrimit të pasurisë së zyrtarëve të lartë publik duke i caktuar vlerën e përafërt të tregut secilës pasuri nga vetë zyrtari. Në vende të ndryshme deklarimi i pasurisë realizohet nga institucione të ndryshme dhe në mënyra të ndryshme, p.sh., në Kosovë që nga viti 2008 deklarimi i pasurisë së zyrtarëve të lartë publik bëhet në Agjencinë kundër Korrupsionit. Duhet theksuar se në Kosovë, deklarimi dhe publikimi i pasurisë ka filluar të bëhet në mënyrë të  pjesshme që nga viti 2000, sipas rregullave të  Misionit të Administratës së Kombeve të Bashkuara në  Kosovë (UNMIK) (UNMIK), që ishte detyruese për të gjithë personat që ishin kandidatë për anëtar të Kuvendit, të  bënin një deklarim të pasurisë së tyre tek  Misioni i OSBE-së në Kosovë , si organizatori kryesor  përgjegjës i trupit zgjedhor. zgjedhor. Më vonë, me me themelimin e Komisionit Qendror Zgjedhor (KQZ), kandidatët që konkurronin në zgjedhje elektorale nga listat e partive politike kishin për detyrë të deklaronin financat e tyre në KQZ, por kjo formë ishte një formë e deklarimit të pasurisë në mënyrë sipërfaqësore, pasi që

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 Deklarimi dhe kontrolli i pasurisë

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Po të nisemi nga qëllimi i deklarimit të pasurisë, atëherë themi se fillimet e deklarimit të mirëfilltë të  pasurisë në Kosovë Kosovë janë në vitin 2005 përmes përmes Ligjit Kundër Korrupsionit, Korrupsionit, Nr. 2004/34, por në këtë ligj nuk ishte e rregulluar deklarata e pronave. Ndërsa AKK ligjërisht u themelua në vitin 2006 dhe fillojë së operuari me 12 Shkurt 2007. Një vit më vonë, nga viti 2008 Agjencia me efikasitet bënë monitorimin e deklarimit të pasurisë së zyrtarëve të lartë publik (që sipas ligjit në atë kohë ishin të obliguar ta deklarojnë pasurinë rreth 800 zyrtarë të lartë publik) dhe ky deklarim nuk ishte i qasshëm për publikun,  por përdorej vetëm për nevoja nevoja kontrolluese dhe verifikuese nga AKK-ja AKK-ja [4]. Duke dashur që gjithnjë e më shumë të rritet numri i zyrtarëve të cilët do të obligoheshin ta deklaronin  pasurinë, dhe duke dashur që kontrolli i pasurisë të zgjerohet në më shumë fusha, duke ia mundësuar vetës Agjencia që të ketë më tepër të dhëna lidhur me pasuritë dhe të ardhurat materiale për zyrtarët e lartë publik, si dhe për ta zgjeruar zonën e zyrtarëve të cilët do ta deklarojnë pasurinë, AKK vazhdimisht ka dhënë kontribut duke punuar në grupe punuese në Kuvendin e Kosovës dhe me këshillat e ekspertëve ndërkombëtar për të shtyrë ndryshimet ligjore lidhur me fushëveprimin e Agjencisë kundër Korrupsionit. Në vazhdimësi ndërrohet edhe dy herë ligji për deklarimin e pasurisë. Me 11 Shkurt 2010, Kuvendi i Kosovës miraton “Ligjin Mbi Deklarimin dhe Prejardhjen e Pasurisë dhe të Dhuratave për Zyrtarët e Lartë Publik”. Publik”. Ky ligj rregullon në mënyrë të veçantë zonat e deklarimit të pasurisë, rritë ndjeshëm numrin e zyrtarëve që kanë për obligim deklarimin e pasurisë, si dhe cakton gjoba ndëshkuese për zyrtarët të cilët nuk e deklarojnë pasurinë sipas ligjit në fuqi. Si dhe ajo që ishte e rëndësishme për Agjencinë, ishte fakti se tani lejohej publikimi i të dhënave nga formularët e deklarimit të pasurisë. Për ta rregulluar më mirë fushën e deklarimit të pasurisë, Kuvendi përsëri ndryshon këtë li gj

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 Deklarimi dhe kontrolli i pasurisë

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Po ashtu, fushëveprimi i këtij ligji është i definuar në Nenin-2 të Kreut-I, i cili është i përkufizuar, kështu: “Ky ligj rregullon, procedurën e deklarimit dhe kontrollin e pasurisë, të hyrat dhe detyrimet e zyrtarëve të lartë publik, anëtarët e familjes si dhe sanksionet e përcaktuara. Ky ligj po ashtu rregullon procedurën procedurën

e deklarimit, kontrollit për dhuratat dhe prejardhjen e tyre të pranuara nga të gjithë personat zyrtarë” [5]. Procesi i deklarimit të pasurisë është i varur nga lloji i deklarimit të pasurisë që aplikohet, p.sh., në Kosovë aplikohen katër lloje të deklarimit të pasurisë, siç janë: -

Deklarimi i rregullt vjetor (DRV);

-

Deklarimi me marrjen e detyrës (DMD);

-

Deklarimi pas largimit\shkarkimit\përfundimit nga funksioni zyrtarë (DLF); dhe

-

Deklarimi sipas kërkesës së AKK-së (DSK).

Deklarimi i rregullt vjetor realizohet në periudhën kohore 1 deri 31 Mars të çdo viti kalendarik. Ndërsa deklarimi me marrjen e detyrës, duhet të realizohet brenda 30 dite, pasi që zyrtari/ja është emëruar në funksionin e lartë publik. Deklarimi pas përfundimit apo largimit\shkarkimit nga funksioni zyrtarë, duhet të realizohet brenda 30 dite pasi që zyrtari/ja e lartë publike ka përfunduar së ushtruari mandatin e saj zyrtarë, apo në rast të shkarkimit\largimit nga të ushtruarit e funksionit zyrtarë. Në rast se Agjencia vlerëson se për ndonjë zyrtarë, p.sh., zyrtari X  nevojitet  nevojitet që të jap sqarime shtesë për të dhënat, lidhur me deklarimin e pasurisë së tij, atëherë Agjencia i bënë kërkesë zyrtarit  X , që brenda një periudhe kohore

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 Deklarimi dhe kontrolli i pasurisë

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Faza e tretë e deklarimit të pasurisë, fillon me kontrollimin preliminar të deklarimeve të pasurisë, e cila nënkupton kontrollimin e formularëve të deklarimeve të pranuara veç e veç, se a janë plotësuar të gjitha rubrikat e formularit A-13. Në rastet kur ka mangësi në plotësim, plot ësim, nuk është bërë plotësimi siç duhet, ka  paqartësi në të dhëna, apo diçka e ngjashme, atëherë AKK në mënyrë zyrtare përmes telefonit apo emailit, kërkon nga deklaruesit që brenda 15 dite të paraqitet në AKK për plotësime të caktuar të deklarimit, gjegjësisht për sqarime shtesë, me ç’rast evidentohen dhe eliminohen paqartësitë me dokumente shtesë. Kjo realizohet sipas  Nenit 9, pika 3, të Ligjit Nr. 04/L-228, e cila thotë: “Kur gjatë kontrollit të plotë zbulohet se deklarimi nuk është i saktë ose burimi i deklaruar nuk identifikohet dhe nuk mbulon pasuritë e deklaruara, Agjencia kërkon nga zyrtari për të dhënë shpjegime dhe argumente  se të cilat paraqiten paraqiten me shkrim brenda pesëmbëdhjetë (15) (15) ditëve” [6]. ditëve” [6]. Po ashtu, gjatë kësaj kohe  përkatë 

zyrtarët e AKK-së nga formulari i deklarimit të pasurisë i futin të dhënat në bazën e të dhënave të AKKsë, në SDRP (Sistemi i deklarimit dhe regjistrimit të pasurisë). SDRP është një aplikacion i bazuar në ueb dhe në SQL Server, i cili aplikacion është pronë e AKK-së dhe përdorët për ruajtjen dhe menaxhimin e të dhënave të deklarimit të pasurisë dhe gjenerimin e regjistrave të pasurisë nga këto të dhëna të deklarimeve. Faza e katërt e procesit të deklarimit të pasurisë është gjenerimi i regjistrave për deklarimet e regjistruara në SDRP, paraprakisht. Këta regjistra gjenerohen fillimisht, pastaj grupohen sipas institucioneve gjegjëse, dhe kështu dërgohen për publikim në ueb faqe, ku edhe bëhen publike pas 1 qershorit të çdo viti kalendarik.  Ndërsa faza e pestë pestë e procesit të deklarimit deklarimit të pasurisë është është faza më e gjatë dhe dhe më e komplikuar e tërë

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 Deklarimi dhe kontrolli i pasurisë

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 procesit të kontrollit paraprak të deklarimit të pasurisë hasë në raste të dyshimta, atëherë kontrollit të  plotë përveç përveç listës së përpiluar përpiluar me 20% do t’i nënshtrohen nënshtrohen edhe të gjitha rastet e tjera për për të cilat gjinden

dyshime lidhur me fshehjen e pasurisë së zyrtarëve të lartë publik. Gjatë kontrollit të plotë, rastet për të cilat Agjenci vërteton se zyrtari ka bërë deklarim të rremë apo ka fshehur pasurinë e tij apo të familjarëve të tij, atëherë Agjencia bënë kallëzime penale për atë , në gjykatën kompetente të Republikës së Kosovës. Kontrolli i plotë i deklarimit të pasurisë është i rregulluar me ligjin për deklarimin e pasurisë  Nr.04/L050 në nenin 15 tek Kreu V , i cili nen është përmirësuar dhe plotësuar me ligjin  Nr. 04/L-228, tek Neni 9, pika 3, ku është cekur se nenit 15 të ligjit bazik i shtohen edhe tre paragraf. Pra me ligjin Nr. 04/L-228 rregullohet hedhja e shortit dhe plotësohet kontrolli i plotë i deklarimit, kështu: “Kontrollit të plotë çdo vit i nënshtrohen të paktën njëzet për çin (20%) e formularëve.  Përzgjedhja e deklaratave deklaratave që i nënshtrohen kontrollit të plotë plotë bëhet me me short. Procedura Procedura e shortit është është e hapur për publikun. Lista e zyrtarëve ndaj të cilëve ushtrohet kontrolli i plotë është publike. Agjencia  publikon tridhjetë (30) ditë përpara përpara datës së hedhjes së shortit dhe dhe pesëmbëdhjetë pesëmbëdhjetë (15) (15) ditë pas hedhjes hedhjes  së shortit listën e zyrtarëve zyrtarëve që i nënshtrohen nënshtrohen kontrollit të plotë. plotë. Publikimi bëhet në ueb faqen zyrtare të

 Agjencisë dhe në të paktën në një gazetë gazetë ditore” dhe ditore” dhe ky ligj i mundëson Agjencisë që të bëjë kontrollin e plotë të deklarimit të pasurisë edhe në rastet të caktuara jashtë kësaj përzgjedhje me shorte, ku thotë: “Agjencia ushtron kontroll të plotë ndaj zyrtarit edhe me kërkesë të publikut apo personave të interesuar” [6]. interesuar” [6]. Faza e gjashtë e procesit të deklarimit të pasurisë mund të konsiderohet ajo pjesë e procesit gjatë

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 Deklarimi dhe kontrolli i pasurisë

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 Deklarimi dhe kontrolli i pasurisë

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2.1.1. Subjektet deklaruese Gjatë procesit të deklarimit të pasurisë, AKK është e obliguar të ofrojë sqarime lidhur me mënyrën e  plotësimit të formularit të deklarimit të pasurisë dhe me mënyrën e deklarimit të pasurisë për zyrtarët e lartë publik. Këtë proces, AKK e konsideron si proces të trajnimit të zyrtarëve përmes shpjegimit se si duhet të plotësohet formulari i deklarimit të pasurisë, dhe cilat janë etapat kohore për deklarimin e  pasurisë. Prandaj, për këtë qëllim qëll im çdo fillim vit, AKK, organizon trajnime në objektin e saj për secilin institucion të Republikës së Kosovës dhe këto trajnime i ndjekin nga një përfaqësues i secilit institucion i përcaktuar nga vetë institucioni, i cili k a për obligim që gjërat e marra nga trajnimi t’ia interpretoj zyrtarëve të lartë publik në institucionin ku ata punojnë. Zyrtarët e caktuar nga vet institucioni për t’i ndjekur këto trajnime në Agjenci, njihen si  Zyrtarë Kontaktues Kontaktues

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 Deklarimi dhe kontrolli i pasurisë

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1.1.14. Drejtori i Përgjithshëm, Zëvendës Drejtoret dhe Drejtoret rajonal të Policisë së  Kosovës, Kryeshefi Kryeshefi i Inspektoratit Inspektoratit Policor të Kosovës; 1.1.15. Komandanti, Zëvendës Komandanti i Forcës së Sigurisë së Kosovës; 1.1.16. Drejtori, Zëvendës Drejtori si dhe Inspektori i Përgjithshëm i Agjencisë Kosovare të  Inteligjencës; 1.1.17. Avokati i Popullit dhe Zëvendësit e tij;

1.1.18. Kryeinspektorët e Inspektorive të nivelit qendror dhe lokal” [5]. lokal”  [5]. Zyrtari kontaktues është një zyrtar nga zyra e personelit i caktuar si zyrtar kontaktues nga secili

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 Deklarimi dhe kontrolli i pasurisë

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Pasuritë që zyrtari i lartë publik si person deklarues, ka për obligim t’i deklarojë janë: -

Pasuritë e paluajtshme  –  siç  siç janë: shtëpitë, banesat, objektet, objektet afariste, tokë, pyje, etj.;

-

Pasuritë e luajtshme  –  siç   siç janë: vetura, makina bujqësore, orendi shtëpie, etj., por vlera e të cilave është ≥ 3,000.00€ (tremijë euro) për njësi;

-

Zotërimi i aksioneve në shoqëri tregtare;

-

Letra me vlerë;

-

Para të gatshme në llogari rrjedhëse, në depozita dhe në huadhënie, si dhe të drejtat dhe detyrimet financiare ndaj personave juridik dhe fizikë 2;

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Mirëpo, publikimi i deklarimit të pasurisë mund të bëhet dhe duhet të bëhet sipas ligjit për deklarim të  pasurisë, por ai duhet të bëhet në atë formë që mos të publikohen të dhënat që mund të cenojnë  privatësinë e zyrtarëve apo të personave personave të tjerë të përfshirë në deklarim.

2.2.1. Publikimi i pasurisë së deklaruara në Agjencinë kundër Korrupsionit Agjencia, që nga viti 2010 bënë publike të dhënat e deklarimit të pasurisë së zyrtarëve të lartë publik në ueb faqen e saj. Këto publikime Agjencia i mbështetë në ligjin për deklarimin e pasurisë, në ligjin për mbrojtjen e të dhënave personale (Ligji Nr. 03/L-172)3 dhe në ligjin për qasje në dokumente publike (Ligji Nr. 03/L-215)4. Duke u bazuar në këto tre ligje Agjencia ka përpiluar edhe formularin e deklarimit

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Procesi i publikimit të deklarimit të pasurisë bëhet menjëherë pasi që Agjencia ka pranuar deklarimin e

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indikacione se sh’përputhjet eventuale mund të na dërgojnë në përfitime të paligjshme të tyre, gjegjësisht

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2.4. Kontrolli i deklarimit të pasurisë

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3. Me kërkesë kërkesë të Agjencisë, Bankat dhe subjektet e tjera, që ushtrojnë veprimtari bankare dhe

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 Algoritmet për analizimin analizimin e të dhënave dhënave të deklarimit deklarimit të pasurisë

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3.2.3. Pseudo-kodet për zgjidhjen e problemit Algoritmi për zgjidhjen e problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë paraqet ecurinë e procesit të zgjidhje së  problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë sipas hapave të përshkruar në seksionin e zgjidhjes së problemit (njësia 3.2.1). Prandaj sipas përshkrimit të njësive paraprake të këtij kapitull,  Formulimit të Problemit  Problemit ; dhe Zgjidhjes së Problemit  Problemit , si dhe sipas skemës algoritmike të procesit të zgjidhjes (Figura 20, njësisë 3.2.2) kemi formuluar algoritmin për zgjidhjen e këtij problemit. Këtë algoritëm në vazhdim e kemi  paraqitur përmes kodit të shkruar apo përmes pseudo-kodit (ang. pseudocode). Ku sipas këtij pseudokodi është implementuar edhe programi për testimin e zgjidhjes së problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë, kapitulli i katërt. Meqenëse zgjidhja e problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë është arritur në atë formë që të kalohet nëpër disa faza, gjatë të cilave janë dizajnuar disa metodologji dhe algoritme. Prandaj këto metodologji dhe algoritme janë përshkruar përmes procedurave të definuar mirë me anë të pseudo-kodit.  Në vazhdim përmes pseudo-kodit të dhënë në figurën 21, është përcaktuar metoda e gjetjes dhe llogaritjes së diferencave të pasurive, apo të vlerave të deklarimeve të pasurive për të gjithë zyrtarët dhe  për të gjitha deklarimet, si dhe importimi i deklarimeve nga data-seti i deklarimit dhe ndarja e deklarimeve në Deklarime_1  Deklarime_1 dhe në Deklarime_2, gjë që paraqet edhe fazën e parë dhe të dytë të skemës algoritmike (Figura 20), atë të importit, dhe të mesatareve.

 Figura 21. Pseudo-kodi për për kalkulimin e diferencave të vlerave të deklarimeve deklarimeve të pasurisë pasurisë

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 Algoritmet për analizimin analizimin e të dhënave dhënave të deklarimit deklarimit të pasurisë

Punim Diplome-Master

vendosura të dhënat e deklarimeve për të gjithë zyrtarët deklarues, të cilët në bazën e shënimeve kanë të ruajtura dy e më tepër deklarime të pasurisë. Kurse të gjithë zyrtarët të cilët kanë të evidentuar vetëm një deklarim të pasurisë, vendosen në matricën  Deklarimet_2  e tipit  Deklarimet_2. Pastaj është deklaruar një matricë Z  e (m, n) për ta përdorur për ruajtjen e llogaritjeve të diferencave që do të reali zohen për Deklarimet_1  Deklarimet_1. Më  pastaj variabla rreshtat bëhet 0, për të filluar numërimin e rreshtave për deklarime, deklarime, dhe variabla variabla kolonat   bëhet 0, për të filluar numërimin e kolonave nga vlera e parë. Tani futemi në një unazë për të t ë kaluar nëpër secilin deklarim të zyrtarit, dhe për t’i llogaritur ndryshimet e vlerave nëpër deklarimet e tij. Kjo

llogaritje realizohet duke gjetur diferencat ndërmjet deklarimeve me formulën difMes në rreshtin e 17 të këtij pseudo-kodi. Dhe këto vlera të llogaritura ruhen në matricën  Z  si  si diferenca . Kur të përfundon llogaritja e diferencave të deklarimit të fundit të zyrtarit të fundit, ka përfunduar edhe puna e komplet ciklit të këtij algoritmi -  Algoritmi_1 (Kalkuko_Diferencat_E_Pasuriv (Kalkuko_Diferencat_E_Pasurive) e). Me këtë rast, është mbushur matrica Z  me  me vlerat e mesatareve të diferencave të pasurive për zyrtarët e lartë publik, të dhëna të cilat do të përdorën në algoritmin e ardhshëm (Algoritmi_2) për grupimin e këtyre të dhënave në grupe të veçanta. Ky grupim realizohet duke u mbështetur në algoritmin për grupim, sipas pseudo-kodit të  përshkruar në figurën në vijim (Figura 22), i cili kod përcakton në përpikëri mënyrën dhe ecurinë hap  pas hapi të metodës algoritmike sipas së cilës realizohet ky grupim. Ashtu siç po shihet edhe në pseudo-kodin e algoritmit të grupimit, grupimi i zyrtarëve të lartë publik nëpër grupe të caktuara bëhet sipas të dhënave hyrëse të tyre, të dhënave në matricën  Z , e cila përmban të dhënat e diferencave të pasurive për zyrtarët e lartë publik, gjegjësisht diferencat e ndryshimeve mesatare të vlerave të pasurisë së tyre për të gjitha vitet e deklarimit. Pastaj merret vlera për kërkimin e zgjidhjes MaxIterations, dhe merret apo caktohet vlera k , e cila vlerë është numër i plotë brenda intervalit [2, m-1}, ku m - numri i rreshtave të matricës  Z. Vlera k , si vlerë hyrëse përcakton numrin e grupeve që do të ndahen vlerat e matricës  Z . Pastaj në mënyrë të rastësisht bëhet përzgjedhja dhe vendosja e zyrtarëve nëpër grupet e k -ve, -ve, ku me këtë rast edhe është iniciuar zgjidhje apo solucioni aktual (S C  C )  . Pastaj ky solucion konsiderohet si zgjidhja më e mirë e problemit (S  B ), përderisa nuk kemi zgjidhje të tjera më të mira. Atëherë duhet të kërkohen zgjidhjet e tjera, apo modalitete e tjera të grupimit dhe këtë kërkime duhet të numërohen, dhe numërimin e fillojmë nga zero. Ciklin e kërkimit të zgjidhjes brenda disa konditave të caktuara e quajmë iteracion, prandaj iteracioni fillestar duhet të jetë zero (Iteration=0). Pastaj futemi në unazën e cikleve kërkuese, fillimisht zgjidhjes aktuale (S C  C )     i caktohen grupet apo indeksimi për secilin grup. Pastaj llogaritet  Distanca Euklediane (d) për secilin anëtarë ( z ijij) të secilit grup nga secila qendër (cij ) e secilit grup. Pastaj verifikohet secili anëtar a e ka ndryshuar grupin ( g o),  pastaj bëhet përditësimi përditësimi (ang. update) i grupeve dhe përditësimi i means-ve, dhe iteracioni rritet për një (Iteration++).  Tani zgjidhja aktuale bëhet zgjidhje më e mirë (S  B=S C  C )   . Kjo vazhdon të përsëritet  përderisa asnjë asnjë anëtar nuk e ndërron grupin e tij, dhe kur kjo ndodhë, atëherë zgjidhja (S  B ) është zgjidhja finale dhe përfundon puna e këtij algoritmi duke paraqitur të dhënat e zyrtarëve me emërtimin e grupimit në të cilin ndodhën.

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 Algoritmet për analizimin analizimin e të dhënave dhënave të deklarimit deklarimit të pasurisë

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 Figura 22. Pseudo-kodi i algoritmit algoritmit për grupim të zyrtarëve të lartë publik sipas sipas pasurimit të tyre tyre

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 Algoritmet për analizimin analizimin e të dhënave dhënave të deklarimit deklarimit të pasurisë

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 Figura 23. Pseudo-kodi për për gjetjen e grupimit grupimit më të mirë - optimist dhe atij më të keq - pesimist pesimist

Pas përfundimit të grupimit merren të dhënat e grupeve, dhe për secilin grup llogariten vlerat mesatare të ndryshimit të pasurisë së grupit për të gjetur grupin më të mirë dhe atë më të keq. Sipas algoritmit (Algoritmi_3) të paraqitur në figurën më lartë (Figura 23) përcaktimi i grupit më të mirë dhe grupit më të keq bëhet në atë mënyrë që, merren të dhënat e deklarimeve të pasurisë (Z) për grupe nga algoritmi  paraprak (Algoritmi_2-Grupimi), si dhe vlerat identifikuese apo indekset (k) për secilin grupim. Për secilin grup në veçanti  –  K   –  K , llogaritën pasuritë e paluajtshme -  PP , të luajtshme -  PL, dhe paratë e gatshme  –  PG  PG, në një vlerë totale të pasurive, si pasuria totale  –  P   P T  T,  e cila paraqet shumën e të gjitha  pasurive të cekura për atë grup, duke e pjesëtuar me numrin e anëtarëve të grupit – m(k)  – m(k). Pastaj llogaritet shuma e të gjitha kredive - K    të grupit dhe pjesëtohet me numrin e anëtarëve të grupit  – m(k)  K  të  –  m(k), dhe kjo  paraqet vlerën e kredive totale të t ë grupit  –  K T T.  Pastaj të hyrat vjetore  –  HV   mblidhen me të hyrat vjetore  HV  mblidhen familjare, duke u pjesëtuar me m(k), ku vlera e llogariture njihet si të hyrat totale të grupit  –  H   H T  T.  Dhe  pasi që janë gjetur këto tre mesatare të vlerave, llogarisim diferencën e ndryshimeve ndryshimeve ndërmjet pasurive dhe të hyrave, e të vlerës absolute të kredive. Kjo diferencë e llogaritur  –  Dif(G)  Dif(G) jepe nga një vlerë për secilin grup, ku themi se grupi i cili ka vlerën më të vogël –  MIN  MIN(Dif(G)) nga të gjitha grupet e tjera të kësaj diference është grupi më i mirë apo grupi më optimist (Best Cluster), kurse grupi i cili e ka këtë vlerë të diferencës më të madhe - MAX(Dif(G)) paraqet grupin më të keq apo më pesimist (Bad Cluster).

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 Algoritmet për analizimin analizimin e të dhënave dhënave të deklarimit deklarimit të pasurisë

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 Figura 24. Pseudo-kodi i algoritmit algoritmit për klasifikimin klasifikimin e deklaruesve deklaruesve të rijnë sipas pemës së vendimit

 Në figurën 24 është paraqitur pseudo-kodi i algoritmit klasifikues, për ndërtimin e një peme të vendimit vendimit duke i klasifikuar deklaruesit në deklarues të mirë apo të këqij. Ky klasifikim është i bazuar në vlera  boleane, sipas termit  PO –  i  i mirë , dhe  JO –  keq  keq. Ashtu siç po shihet edhe në këtë pseudo-kod, matrica  është matricë që i përmban të dhënat e deklarimeve të pasurisë vetëm për zyrtarët që janë të  Matrix_F  është klasifikuar në grupin e mirë dhe në grupin e keq sipas pseudo-kodit në figurën 23. Mirëpo në këtë matricë  janë vendosur vlerat e deklarimeve të para të pasurisë për për secilin zyrtarë zyrtarë në këto këto dy grupe. Këto të dhëna të deklarimeve të para për secilin zyrtarë të këtyre dy grupeve janë importuar nga  Deklarimet_1  Deklarimet_1 sipas  pseudo-kodit të parë të algoritmit  Algoritmi_1 (Figura 21). Fillimisht tek këto të dhëna zgjedhën

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 Algoritmet për analizimin analizimin e të dhënave dhënave të deklarimit deklarimit të pasurisë

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zyrtarët e  Deklarimeve_2  Deklarimeve_2. Vlerat e rrumbullakuar të atributeve për zyrtarët e matricës  Matrix_X , caktohen të jenë set i trajnimit , kurse ato në Deklarime_2  Deklarime_2 caktohen të jenë set i testimit  testimit . Atëherë atributet e setit të trajnimit janë paraqitur me vektorin  A, ku vlera m paraqet numrin e atributeve apo anëtarëve në A. Kurse atributet e setit të testimit janë paraqitur me T . Pastaj përcaktohet atributi më i mirë ak  nga  nga   mund të jetë cilado ai, ku i merr vlera në intervalin [0 , m], dhe ak  është   është zgjedhur ai në  A. Atributi ak  mund atributi më i mirë për arsye se, ky atribut ka Gain(S, A) më të mirin, gjegjësisht vlerën më të lartë nga atributet e tjera, dhe si i tillë caktohet Rrënjë (ang. Root   ) e pemës së vendimit që do të krijohet. Atributet e tjera të mbetura të vektori A, pa atributin ak , janë atribute a’ ϵ  A’ , të cilat do t’i nënshtrohen përzgjedhjes  për t’u bërë nyje për degët degët e pemës pemës duke u degëzuar degëzuar nga nga nyja kryesore kryesore rrënjë . Tani futemi në një unazë të  A’  nga  nga a0’  deri  deri në am’ , dhe për të zgjedhur atributin më të ciklike për t’i llogaritur vlerat e atributeve të A’  mirë. Kjo realizohet duke llogariture Entropinë për secilën ai’  –  E(A’)   E(A’)  dhe pastaj duke llogaritur informacionin e fitimit  – Gain(S, A’). A’). Atributi me informacion të fitimit më të lartë –  N   N ’ bëhet nyje për degën e llogaritur, dhe kjo përsëritet përderisa të përfundoj ndërtimi i pemës së vendimit  – Tree  – Tree. Pasi që është krijuar pema e vendimit  – Tree  –  Tree dhe sipas kësaj është krijuar një model për shembujt e ardhshëm jashtë setit të trajnimit, atëherë ky model – Tree  – Tree i krijuar aplikohet në të dhënat e deklarimeve  për zyrtarët e lartë publik që janë deklarues fillestar apo të rinj, të cilët tanimë ndodhën ndodhën në setin e testimit  caktohet se cilën rrugë  – T   – T . Pra, modeli i krijuar aplikohet në të dhënat në T , dhe tani për të dhënat e T-së  caktohet nëpër degët e pemës do ta ndjekin sipas modelit të pemës së vendimit. Më këtë rast, për secilin zyrtarë në setin e testimit caktohet të jetë i klasifikimit  PO apo i klasifikimit  JO. Me këtë edhe ka përfunduar  procesi algoritmik i klasifikimit sipas pemës pemës së vendimit. Tanimë është përfunduar i tërë procesi i zgjidhjes së problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë, sipas konditave të përshkruara në modelimin e problemit dhe në modelimin e zgjidhjes së problemit të deklarimit të  pasurisë.

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 Aplikacioni për analizimin e zgjidhjeve zgjidhjeve të problemit

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K api tulli lli I V

4. Aplikacioni për analizimin e zgjidhjeve të problemit  Në kapitullin e tretë, në në njësinë 3.2.3 (Pseudo-kodet (Pseudo-kodet për zgjidhjen e problemit) është shtjelluar dhe është folur për pseudo-kodin e algoritmeve për zgjidhjen e problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë, ku janë shkruar katër pseudo-kode për këtë qëllim. Duke u mbështetur në këto pseudo-kode, në reprezentimin e zgjidhjes së problemit, dhe në modelimin e tij, kemi dizajnuar dhe programuar një aplikacion për të testuar dhe analizuar rezultatin e zgjidhjeve të problemit me të dhënat e deklarimit të pasurisë. Ky aplikacion  –  “Deklarimi i Pasurisë”, Pasurisë”, është aplikacion i tipit Windows i punuar në  Microsoft Visual Studio 2013, në  programin Visual C# t ë deklarimit të pasurisë për deklarime Visual C# 2013, dhe mundëson testimin e të dhënave të të ndryshme dhe për zyrtarë të ndryshëm, si për grupimin e tyre në grupe të caktuara, ashtu edhe për klasifikimin e tyre sipas pemës së vendimit. Për të paraqitur funksionalitetin dhe ndërlidhjen logjike të pjesëve kryesore dhe më të përgjithshme të aplikacionit “Deklarimi i Pasurisë” është modeluar një bllok diagram (Figura 25) i përgjithësuar për atë.

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 Aplikacioni për analizimin e zgjidhjeve zgjidhjeve të problemit

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 procesi  P_2 (Deklarimet_1)  kalohen në procesin e tretë  –  P_3  P_3, atë të grupimit, ku realizohet grupimi i të dhënave të deklarimit të pasurisë sipas pseudo-kodit algoritmik për grupim (shih figurën më lartë –   figura 22). Pas përfundimit të grupimit kalohet në procesin e katërt  –  P_4  P_4, atë të identifikimit, ku gjendet grupi me rritjen më të madhe të pasurisë dhe grupi me rritjen më të vogël të pasurisë në raport me të hyrat dhe kreditë, dhe ky funksionalitet arrihet sipas pseudo-kodit algoritmik të paraqitur në figurën më lartë të kapitullit paraprak (Figura 23). Tani nga procesi  P_4 kalohet në procesin e radhës, procesin 5, atë të Seti i Trajnimit  –  P_5  P_5, ku në këtë proces merren të dhënat nga procesi  P_2 të deklarimeve, por vetëm për zyrtarët të cilët gjenden në grupin më të mirë, dhe zyrtarët që gjinden në grupin më të keq sipas procesit  P_4. Nga seti i trajnimit –  P_5  P_5, kalohet tek procesi tjetër, ai i klasifikimit - P_6 , tek i cili  proces aplikohet klasifikimi klasifikimi i zyrtarëve të lartë publik publik sipas të dhënave dhënave të procesit P_5, dhe ky klasifikim realizohet sipas pseudo-kodit të algoritmit për klasifikim (Figura 24). Nga ky klasifikim krijohet pema e vendimit në procesin P_7. Dhe pastaj ky model algoritmik i fituar në procesin  P_7 , aplikohet për të dhënat e setit të testimit - P_5, sipas algoritmit për klasifikim (Figura 24), ku të dhënat e setit të testimit  janë rrjedhojë e të dhënave tek Deklarimet_2 në procesin e dytë  –  P_2  P_2. Tani, në vazhdim, është pasqyruar pamja vizuale e aplikacionit Deklarimi i Pasurisë, i cili është i përbërë nga tre dritare:  Importimi, Grupimi, dhe Klasifikimi; ku në secilën prej këtyre dritareve kryhen disa  procese funksionale të veçanta. Në figurën vijuese (Figura 26)  është paraqitur pamja vizuale e aplikacionit Deklarimi i Pasurisë  Pasurisë , dhe ajo e dritares  Importimi.

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 Aplikacioni për analizimin e zgjidhjeve zgjidhjeve të problemit

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të klikohet butoni për kalkulim, kemi mundësin që nga të dhënat e importuara të bëhet llogaritja e diferencave dhe e ndryshimeve mesatare, vetëm për zyrtarët e lartë publik që janë aktivë, d.m.th., vetëm  për zyrtarët zyrtarët e lartë që kanë të deklaruar pasurinë më shumë shumë se një herë, dhe të cilët patjetër janë deklarues deklarues të vitit aktual. Kjo është e mundur me klikim mbi boksin e kontrollit “Vetëm zyrtarët zyrtarët aktivë”. Pas kësaj  po kalojmë në dritaren tjetër të këtij aplikacioni, në dritaren dritaren “Grupimi” –  figura  figura 27 në vijim.

 Figura 27. Pamja vizuale e dritares Grupimi Grupimi të aplikacionit Deklarimi Deklarimi i Pasurisë Pasurisë

Dritarja Grupimi  ka të dizajnuara dy tabela, tabela e parë “Grupimi i të dhënave të deklarimit të  pasurisë”,  pasurisë”, në të cilën vendosen të dhënat e deklarimeve dhe grupimi në të cilin është grupuar secili pasurisë” , në të cilën zyrtar; dhe tabela e dytë “Grupimi i të dhënave të normalizuara të deklarimit të pasurisë”, vendosen të dhënat e zyrtarëve me grupim, por për këto të dhëna fillimisht është aplikuar një metodë  për normalizimin e vlerave të deklarimeve deklarimeve të pasurisë. Duhet cekur se kjo dritare për normalizim, është është e aplikueshme vetëm nëse klikohet mbi boksin lartë  –  Normalizimi  –  Normalizimi. Ndërsa lista-zgjedhëse paraqet mundësin e përzgjedhjes së intervalit, ku me zgjedhjen e njërit nga tre opsioneve që janë të vendosura në te, realisht zgjedhim metodën e aplikimit për intervalin e grupit optimist dhe grupit pesimist, sipas ekuacioneve më lartë ( Ekuacioni 13, Ekuacioni ), dhe këtu kemi të listuar opsionet Ekuacioni 15, dhe Ekuacioni 16 ), si në vijim: 1-Intervali (ku merret në konsideratë vetëm pikat  Min, dhe Max), ½-Intervali (ku merret në konsideratë 50% e intervalit të dy segmenteve (Min, Mes) dhe (Mes, Max)), dhe ¼-Intervali (ku merret në konsideratë 25% e intervalit të dy segmenteve (Min, Mes) dhe (Mes, Max)). Po ashtu para se të filloj

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 Aplikacioni për analizimin e zgjidhjeve zgjidhjeve të problemit

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 Figura 28. Pamja vizuale e përbërjes së së dritares Klasifikimi Klasifikimi të aplikacionit aplikacionit Deklarimi i Pasurisë Pasurisë

 Në dritaren  Klasifikimi (Figura 28), në pjesën e sipërme të saj kemi “Grupi Optimist” ku Optimist” ku na paraqitet numri identifikues i grupit më të mirë të përcaktuar, si dhe “Grupi Pesimist” ku Pesimist” ku na paraqitet numri identifikues i grupit më të keq të përcaktuar. Pastaj kemi bokset për klikim, klikimi i të cilëve bënë  përzgjedhjen e atributeve që do të merren në konsideratë gjatë procesit të klasifikimit, këta janë: Vendlindja, Institucioni, Viti i lindjes, Pozita, Pasuritë, dhe Pagat . Dhe në këtë pjesë kemi butonin “KRIJO PEMËN”, PEMËN”, klikimi mbi të cilin nënkupton fillimin e procesit të klasifikimit të deklarimit të Trajnimit” paraqiten të dhënat e deklarimit të pasurisë, gjegjësisht të dhënat  pasurisë. Në tabelën “Seti i Trajnimit” paraqiten

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 Aplikacioni për analizimin e zgjidhjeve zgjidhjeve të problemit

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Tabela 11. Të dhënat e disa deklarimeve deklarimeve për disa zyrtarë, si mostra testuese për aplikacion Nr.

E mri dhe  Mbiemri   Mbiemri 

Lettërnj Le rnjo oft ftim imii

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48

Z yr yr ta ta ri ri _1 _1 Z yr yr ta ta ri ri _1 _1 Z yr yr ta ta ri ri _1 _1 Z yr yr ta ta ri ri _1 _1 Z yr yr ta ta ri ri _1 _1 Zy Zyrtari _2 _2 Zy Zyrtari _2 _2 Zy Zyrtari _2 _2 Zy Zyrtari _2 _2 Zyrtari _2 _2 Zyrtari _2 _2 Zyrtari _2 _2 Zy Zyr ta ta ri ri _3 _3 Zy Zyr ta ta ri ri _3 _3 Zy Zyr ta ta ri ri _3 _3 Zy Zyr ta ta ri ri _3 _3 Zy Zyr ta ta ri ri _3 _3 Zy Zyr ta ta ri ri _3 _3 Zy Zyr ta ta ri ri _3 _3 Zyrtari _4 _4 Zyrtari _4 _4 Zyr ta ta ri ri _4 _4 Zyr ta ta ri ri _4 _4 Zyr ta ta ri ri _4 _4 Zyrtari _4 _4 Zyrtari _4 _4 Zyr ta ta ri ri _5 _5 Zyr ta ta ri ri _5 _5 Zyr ta ta ri ri _5 _5 Zyr ta ta ri ri _5 _5 Zyr ta ta ri ri _6 _6 Zyr ta ta ri ri _6 _6 Zyr ta ta ri ri _6 _6 Zyr ta ta ri ri _7 _7 Zyr ta ta ri ri _7 _7 Zyr ta ta ri ri _7 _7 Zyr ta ta ri ri _7 _7 Zy Zyr ta ta ri ri _8 _8 Zy Zyr ta ta ri ri _8 _8 Zy Zyr ta ta ri ri _8 _8 Zyrtari _9 _9 Zyrtari _9 _9 Zyrtari _9 _9 Zyrtari _9 _9 Zyrtari _9 _9 Zyrtari _9 _9 Zy Zyrtar rtari_1 i_10 0 Zy Zyrtar rtari_1 i_10 0

1 77 777 90 90 09 09 48 48 55 55 15 15 3 1 77 777 90 90 09 09 48 48 55 55 15 15 3 1 77 777 90 90 09 09 48 48 55 55 15 15 3 1 77 777 90 90 09 09 48 48 55 55 15 15 3 1 77 777 90 90 09 09 48 48 55 55 15 15 3 178295661977462 178295661977462 178295661977462 178295661977462 178295661977462 178295661977462 178295661977462 1 78 783 39 39 85 85 05 05 35 35 65 65 3 1 78 783 39 39 85 85 05 05 35 35 65 65 3 1 78 783 39 39 85 85 05 05 35 35 65 65 3 1 78 783 39 39 85 85 05 05 35 35 65 65 3 1 78 783 39 39 85 85 05 05 35 35 65 65 3 1 78 783 39 39 85 85 05 05 35 35 65 65 3 1 78 783 39 39 85 85 05 05 35 35 65 65 3 178295420411975 178295420411975 1 78 782 95 95 42 42 04 04 11 11 97 97 5 1 78 782 95 95 42 42 04 04 11 11 97 97 5 1 78 782 95 95 42 42 04 04 11 11 97 97 5 178295420411975 178295420411975 17 1778 21 21 67 67 13 13 26 26 52 52 7 17 1778 21 21 67 67 13 13 26 26 52 52 7 17 1778 21 21 67 67 13 13 26 26 52 52 7 17 1778 21 21 67 67 13 13 26 26 52 52 7 1 78 783 48 48 06 06 55 55 54 54 80 80 4 1 78 783 48 48 06 06 55 55 54 54 80 80 4 1 78 783 48 48 06 06 55 55 54 54 80 80 4 1 77 777 46 46 50 50 92 92 05 05 74 74 1 1 77 777 46 46 50 50 92 92 05 05 74 74 1 1 77 777 46 46 50 50 92 92 05 05 74 74 1 1 77 777 46 46 50 50 92 92 05 05 74 74 1 2 59 592 30 30 18 18 31 31 86 86 48 48 2 2 59 592 30 30 18 18 31 31 86 86 48 48 2 2 59 592 30 30 18 18 31 31 86 86 48 48 2 178183893586628 178183893586628 178183893586628 178183893586628 178183893586628 178183893586628 1785 178563 6350 5017 1771 7166 668 8 1785 178563 6350 5017 1771 7166 668 8

Vend Ve ndlin lind dja Dit Ditë ëlin lind dja Ins Insttitu ituccio ioni ni Në Nën nins insttit ituc ucio ion ni Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Pej a Pej a Pej a Pej a Pej a Pej a Pej a Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Pej a Pej a P ej ej a P ej ej a P ej ej a Pej a Pej a Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Pr is is ht hti na na Pr is is ht hti na na Pr is is ht hti na na Pr Pr is is ht hti na na Pr Pr is is ht hti na na Pr Pr is is ht hti na na Pr Pr is is ht hti na na Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Mi tr tr ov ovi ca ca Pej a Pej a Pej a Pej a Pej a Pej a Prish Prishti tina na Prish Prishti tina na

26 -0 -09 -1 -19 56 56 26 -0 -09 -1 -19 56 56 26 -0 -09 -1 -19 56 56 26 -0 -09 -1 -19 56 56 26 -0 -09 -1 -19 56 56 09-04-1960 09-04-1960 09-04-1960 09-04-1960 09-04-1960 09-04-1960 09-04-1960 04 -0 -02 -1 -19 71 71 04 -0 -02 -1 -19 71 71 04 -0 -02 -1 -19 71 71 04 -0 -02 -1 -19 71 71 04 -0 -02 -1 -19 71 71 04 -0 -02 -1 -19 71 71 04 -0 -02 -1 -19 71 71 08-03-1956 08-03-1956 08 -0 -03 -1 -19 56 56 08 -0 -03 -1 -19 56 56 08 -0 -03 -1 -19 56 56 08-03-1956 08-03-1956 20 -0 -02 -1 -19 61 61 20 -0 -02 -1 -19 61 61 20 -0 -02 -1 -19 61 61 20 -0 -02 -1 -19 61 61 18 -0 -04 -1 -19 78 78 18 -0 -04 -1 -19 78 78 18 -0 -04 -1 -19 78 78 10 -0 -05 -1 -19 50 50 10 -0 -05 -1 -19 50 50 10 -0 -05 -1 -19 50 50 10 -0 -05 -1 -19 50 50 31 -0 -05 -1 -19 67 67 31 -0 -05 -1 -19 67 67 31 -0 -05 -1 -19 67 67 08-11-1963 08-11-1963 08-11-1963 08-11-1963 08-11-1963 08-11-1963 25-0 25-011-19 1980 80 25-0 25-011-19 1980 80

KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KK KK KK KK KK KK KK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK Qeveri Qeveri Qeveri Qeveri Qeveri Qeveri Qeve Qeveri ri Qeve Qeveri ri

KKL KKL KKL KKL KKL KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KS K KS K KS K KS K KP R KP R KP R KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK KRK MF MF MF MF MF MF MBPZ MBPZHR HR MBPZ MBPZHR HR

Pozzita Po S he he f     S he he f     S he he f     S he he f     S he he f     Deputet   Deputet   Deputet   Deputet   Deputet   Deputet   Deputet   De pu pute t   De pu pute t   De pu pute t   De pu pute t   De pu pute t   De pu pute t   De pu pute t   Deputet   Deputet   Ne nk nkr ye ye ta ta r       Ne nk nkr ye ye ta ta r       Ne nk nkr ye ye ta ta r       Krye ta ta r     Krye ta ta r     Kr ye ye ta ta r     Kr ye ye ta ta r     Kr ye ye ta ta r     Kr ye ye ta ta r     Kr ye ye ta ta r     Kr ye ye ta ta r     Kr ye ye ta ta r     Kr ye ye ta ta r     Kr ye ye ta ta r     Kr ye ye ta ta r     Kr ye ye ta ta r     Kr ye ye ta ta r     Kr ye ye ta ta r     Kr ye ye ta ta r     Mi ni ni st ster     Mi ni ni st ster     Mi ni ni st ster     Mi ni ni st ster     Mi ni ni st ster     Mi ni ni st ster     Minist inister  er    Minist inister  er   

Data e Pasuria e Pasuria e Paratë e Të H yrat Kred Kre ditë Të Hyra Hyrat  t  Deklarimit  Paluajtshme Luajtshme Gatshme Familjare 25-03-2013 20-03-2014 30-03-2015 16-03-2016 16-03-2017 01-01-2008 27-03-2012 19-03-2013 31-03-2014 30-03-2015 31-03-2016 31-03-2017 26-04-2011 29-03-2012 02-04-2013 03-04-2014 26-03-2015 30-03-2016 31-03-2017 28-03-2011 30-03-2012 25-03-2013 31-03-2014 30-03-2015 07-03-2016 21-03-2017

   

     

   

     

 

30-03-2011 13-03-2012 08-03-2013 31-03-2015 31-03-2015 21-03-2016 29-03-2017 24-03-2014 11-03-2015 14-03-2016 15-03-2017

 

 

31-03-2015 30-03-2016 28-03-2017 24-03-2012 30-03-2013 24-03-2014 31-03-2015 30-03-2016 27-03-2017 31-03-2011 30-03-2012

   

1 05000 10 1 09000 112000 102000 202000 13 1 350330 1 35 350330 1 35 350330 1350330 1450 145033 330 0 1450 145033 330 0 1799 179945 450 0 450000 550000 900000 900000 11 1 100000 11 1100000 1500000 1050502 1 10 102500 12 1220000 1 35 350000 1220000 2220000 32 3220000 1580000 1590000 1680000 2580000 250000 250000 400000 20 2 00000 250000 270000 27 2 70000 200000 2120 212000 00 22 20 20 00 00 206000 216000 236000 238000 146000 256000 10 1 00000 10 1 00000

10000 6000 6000 6000 40000 12000 13000 11000 10000 100 100 1000 10000 0 1100 11000 0 270000 270000 30000 30000 30000 30000 0 32000 32000 32000 62000 62000 72000 72000 40000 40000 40000 28000 24000 11000 10000 10000 10000 10000 0 16300 1530 15300 0 1 43 43 00 00 24000 27500 27000 24000 19500 19500 23000 14000

0 5400 0 35 3 500 5500 8000 15500 7470 18500 5478 12420,03 0 17420,03 0 17420,03 0 17420,03 0 1742 17420, 0,03 03 1500 15000 0 1007 10074, 4,44 44 1500 15000 0 1127 11274, 4,56 56 1500 15000 0 2150 40000 2150 40000 2150 40 40000 2150 40 40000 210 40 40000 0 40000 0 40000 155000 0 139807,7 0 139807,7 0 139807,7 0 91676 0 110174 0 128000 0 4250 0 4250 0 3250 0 2781 0 3300 12 12700 4500 3 13 1300 4800 1200 5 6191 0 160840,9 0 169804 0 199498 0 12313 0 3074 30741, 1,31 31 0 4 31 31 03 03 ,9 ,9 0 11020 9467 8970 10 10322 9035 20 20789 3921 11 11907 38654,5 0 6654 23273,2 1 7000 0 2 4500 0

4536 4536 4536 5513,64 5513,64 2560,51 24556 24556 23866,44 1934 19344, 4,65 65 2629 26295, 5,61 61 2472 24726, 6,83 83 9200 14590 14590 15504 15504 16524 17524 26572 28909,51 28592 28536,48 22328 35204 36440,9 51 5 1000 51 5 1000 51 5 1000 35 3 5324 16000 17496,3 17378 33 3 3453 43327,32 34318,38 42 4 2121 22724 3497 34970, 0,54 54 3 70 70 30 30 ,1 ,1 8 49680 51619 51944 53517 54518 55620 14 1 4900 29 2 9740

3000 3000 2400 2400 4800 0 7960 13360 7960 8362 8362,4 ,4 7920 7920,2 ,24 4 7920 7920,2 ,24 4 0 0 455 5388 450 5400 5400 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10700 8400 8400 0 0 0 2530 2457 305 30594 94,5 ,51 1 20 208 27 27 ,7 ,7 4 4872 4872 5664 5692 2880 4872 0 0

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 Aplikacioni për analizimin e zgjidhjeve zgjidhjeve të problemit

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është real por i caktuar nga ne; Vendlindja, që paraqet komunën e vendit të lindjes së zyrtarit; Ditëlindja, që paraqet datën e lindjes së zyrtarit;  Institucioni, që paraqet shkurtesën e emërtimit të institucionit ku zyrtari ushtron pozitën deklaruese; Nëninstitucioni, që paraqet shkurtesën e emërtimit të nëninstitucionit, nëse ka;  Pozita, që paraqet emërtimin e funksionit publik që zyrtari ushtron;  Data e deklarimit , që  paraqet datën e dorëzimit të formularit për deklarimin e pasurisë në Agjenci;  Pasuria e paluajtshme;  Pasuria e luajtshme; Paratë e gatshme; Kreditë; Të hyrat vjetore; dhe Të hyrat familjare, paraqesin vlerat në euro të këtyre atributeve që zyrtari i ka deklaruar me rastin e deklarimit të pasurisë.  Në figurën vijuese (Figura 29)  është pasqyruar mënyra e përdorimit të aplikacionit, gjegjësisht e seksionit të importimit. Dhe, po ashtu, edhe figurat e tjera në vijim, pasqyrojnë hap pas hapi këtë aplikim.

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 Aplikacioni për analizimin e zgjidhjeve zgjidhjeve të problemit

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dhe krahasohen numrat e letërnjoftimit, vërejmë se, zyrtarët:  Zyrtari_5 me letërnjoftim   dhe  Zyrtari_12 me letërnjoftim 178785457757915, mungojnë në figurën 30, sepse 177821671326527  dhe nuk kanë deklarim të realizuar në vitin aktual, dhe si të tillë konsiderohen zyrtarë jo aktivë.

 Figura 30. Kalkulimi i diferencave diferencave të ndryshimeve ndryshimeve të pasurisë vetëm vetëm për zyrtarët zyrtarët aktivë

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 Aplikacioni për analizimin e zgjidhjeve zgjidhjeve të problemit

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Ashtu siç po shihet edhe në figurën sipër (Figura 31), grupimi i zyrtarëve është realizuar pasi që janë caktuar atributet për përdorim gjatë grupimit, si dhe numri maksimal i iteracioneve = 20, si dhe vlera e numrit të grupeve k=5, pastaj është klikuar mbi butonin STARTO GRUPIMIN , ku edhe grupimi ka  përfunduar për kohën 1ms dhe brenda 2 iteracioneve. Të dhënat e grupuara të zyrtarëve janë paraqitur në tabelën e parë  –  “Grupimi i të dhënave të deklarimit të pasurisë” të pasurisë”  të kësaj dritareje, kurse tabela e dytë “Grupimi i të dhënave të normalizuara të deklarimit të pasurisë” e pasurisë” e kësaj dritareje mbushet me të dhëna nëse paraprakisht kemi aktivizuar boksin e kontrollit “Normalizimi”, “Normalizimi”, ku të dhënat fillimisht normalizohen sipas metodës së normalizimit në kapitullin paraprak (Ekuacioni 9, dhe Figura 16), dhe  pastaj bëhet grupimi i tyre në grupe. Në figurë po shihet se grupimi është bërë kështu: Grupi - 1 (Zyrtari_1, Zyrtari_7); Grupi - 2 (Zyrtari_2, Zyrtari_6, Zyrtari_12); Grupi - 3 (Zyrtari_3, Zyrtari_8, Zyrtari_11,); Grupi –  4  4 (Zyrtari_4, Zyrtari_9, Zyrtari_10); dhe Grupi –  5  5 (Zyrtari_5, Zyrtari_13).  Në figurën në vijim (Figura 32) është pasqyruar grupimi i deklarimeve të njëjta si në figurën 31, por këtu është përdor metoda e normalizimit për të dhënat e deklarimeve, para se të bëhej grupimi.

 Figura 32. Grupimi i zyrtarëve zyrtarëve me të dhëna dhëna të normalizuara normalizuara

 Nëse krahasojmë krahasojmë ndërmjet ndërmjet vete, figurën 31 dhe 32, shohim se në figurën 32 ka lëvizje të anëtarëve nëpër grupe nga ajo që ishte në figurën 31, si pasojë e aplikimit të metodës së normalizimit. Si rrjedhojë, grupi i tretë dhe grupi i katër ka shtuar numrin e zyrtarëve, kurse grupet: 1, 2, dhe 5 j anë grupe që janë tkurrur  për nga numri i anëtarëve përbërës. Pas përfundimit të grupimit, në cilindo nga dy rastet me(pa)normalizim, kalojmë në dritaren e tretë, për

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 Aplikacioni për analizimin e zgjidhjeve zgjidhjeve të problemit

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Ashtu siç po shihet edhe në figurën fi gurën sipër (Figura 33), për të filluar procesin e klasifikimit na nevojiten disa të dhëna, siç janë atributet e nevojshme për klasifikim që duhet të aktivizohen apo çaktivizohen në fillim sipas kërkesës dhe nevojës sonë. Pastaj si vlera hyrëse të tjera janë edhe grupi më i mirë (optimist) dhe grupi më i keq (pesimist). Në rastin tonë sipas grupimit që është realizuar paraprakisht grupi optimist është grupi 1, kurse grupi pesimist është grupi 5. Më pastaj është caktuar edhe intervali i këtyre grupeve, si: Intervali i grupit optimist [49868.21, 67066.37], dhe intervali i grupit pesimist është [170255.37, 187453.54]. Atëherë në këtë interval, përveç grupit 1 dhe grupit 5 hynë edhe grupet 2 dhe 3, prandaj grupi optimist është i përbërë nga grupet 1, 2, dhe 3, me gjithsej 8 zyrtarë, kurse grupi pesimist është grupi 5, me gjithsej 2 zyrtarë. Ndërsa grupi 4, me gjithsej 3 zyrtarë mbetet jashtë grupimeve optimiste dhe pesimiste. Grupet pesimiste për dallueshmëri i kemi ngjyrosë me prapavijë të gjelbër, kurse grupet pesimiste janë ngjyrosë me prapavijë të kuqe. Tek pjesa e “Të dhënat hyrëse dhe seti i trajnimit” të trajnimit” të kësaj dritareje,  janë të vendosura vlerat e deklarimeve të para për secilin zyrtarë në data-bazë. Kurse rekordet e ngjyrosura paraqesin deklarimet e zyrtarëve të cilët merren në konsideratë gjatë klasifikimit, dhe këto njëkohësisht paraqesin edhe “Setin e Trajnimit” për Trajnimit” për algoritmin klasifikues. Ndërsa pjesa tjetër “Seti i Testimit”, Testimit”, paraqet të dhënat e zyrtarëve tek të cilat do të t ë aplikohet modeli i pemës së vendimit, i krijuar sipas të dhënave të setit të trajnimit. Dhe pjesa e “Klasifikimi” paraqet “Klasifikimi” paraqet pjesën finale me të dhënat e setit të trajnimit dhe me të dhëna të setit të testimit pas klasifikimit sipas pemës së vendimit, ku edhe po shihet se Zyrtari_14 dhe Zyrtari_15 janë klasifikuar në grupin optimist të zyrtarëve. Kjo do të thotë se, Zyrtari_14 dhe Zyrtari_15, pritet të jenë zyrtarë të ndershëm gjatë ushtrimit të funksionit të tyre publik dhe zyrtare, dhe pritet të jenë zyrtarë të pa- korruptuar. Si të tillë nuk do të duhej që AKK, t’i hetoj

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 Rezultatet eksperimentale eksperimentale

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K api tulli ulli V 5. Rezultatet eksperimentale  Në kapitullin paraprak (IV. Aplikacioni për analizimin e zgjidhjeve të problemit), është testuar aplikacioni i jonë i deklarimit të pasurisë duke demonstruar funksionimin dhe duke treguar hap pas hapi  përdorimin e tij, përmes një shembulli praktik me me një mostër me të dhëna të imagjinuara për 15 zyrtarë të lartë publik, të cilët kanë të deklaruar 74 deklarime të pasurisë (Tabela 11). Dhe aty është përshkruar i tërë procesi i funksionimit të këtij aplikacioni që nga faza e importimit të të dhënave nga data-seti,  pastaj kalkulimi i ndryshimit të vlerave të pasurive ndër vite, grupimit të deklarueseve nëpër grupe të caktuara, identifikimi i grupit më të mirë dhe më të keq, pastaj gjetja e intervalit për grupet më të mira dhe më të këqija, si dhe klasifikimi i deklaruesve të rinj sipas pemës së vendimit. Tani, në këtë kapitull do të nxjerrim rezultate për disa mostra të deklarimeve të pasurisë, të cilat janë marr nga ueb faqja e AKK-së 7, pra me disa mostra me të dhëna reale. r eale. Këtu duhet cekur se në këto mostra numri personal i letërnjoftimit është numër unik për secilin zyrtarë, i cili numër është caktuar nga vetë ne, si një kombinim 15 shifror. Këto mostra janë zgjedhura për ta testuar aplikacionin dhe algoritmet e dizajnuara për zgjidhjen e problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë, dhe për t’i përfituar disa rezultate për raste të ndryshme, në mënyrë që t’i analizojmë këto rezultate të fituara, më pastaj.

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 Rezultatet eksperimentale eksperimentale

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Tabela 12. Rezultatet 12. Rezultatet eksperimentale eksperimentale për për të dhënat e Data-Setit-KRK Rezultatet analitike për të dhënat e deklarimeve të pasurisë të zyrtarëve të Kuvendit të Republikës së Kosovës  Numri  Numri i Deklarimeve

858

858

Diferenca mesatare / ms

858

858

K = 50

K = 100

30 K= 5

K = 10

Të dhënat reale, jo të normalizuara Koha e grupimit / ms

5

25

4

8

 Numri  Numri i iteracioneve

9

30

2

2

Grupi

Vlera

Grupi

Vlera

1

8

-359466,725

Zyrtarët 

Grupi

Vlera

6

4

562520,375

Zyrtarët 

Grupet

Intervali

 

Zyrtarët 

 

Grupi

Vlera

1

20

-198317,27

Zyrtarët 

Grupi

Vlera

2

18

213255,446

Zyrtarët 

Grupet

Intervali

 

Zyrtarët 

 

Grupi

Vlera

3

25

-335924

Zyrtarët 

Grupi

Vlera

4

4

309826,968

Zyrtarët 

Grupet

Intervali

 

Zyrtarët 

 

 

Zyrtarët 

 

Zyrtarët 

Grupi MIN 5

-259466,725

Grupi

Vlera

1

3

359400,138

Grupet

Intervali

1 dhe 5

(-259466,725) deri (-269608,367)

30

6 dhe 8

(-359466,725) deri (-244218,337)

6

20

(-198317,270) deri (-146870,681

3

25

(-335924) deri (-260816,718)

Grupet

Intervali

Zyrtarët 

Grupet

Intervali

Zyrtarët 

Grupet

Intervali

Zyrtarët 

Grupet

Intervali

3

(269541,78) deri (359400,13)

6

4

(447271,987) deri (562520,375)

2

18

(161808,856) deri (213255,446)

4

4

(309826,968) deri (404934,25)

 Koha / ms

 Best Atributi

Grupi MAX

Grupi Best

Grupi Bad

DT

 

 

 

Zyrtarët  Koha /  Best / Bad  ms

 Best Atributi

 

 

 

Zyrtarët  Koha /  Best / Bad  ms

 Best Atributi

 

 

 

Zyrtarët  Koha /  Best / Bad  ms

 Best Atributi

1  

Zyrtarët 

1  

Zyrtarët 

 

1 Zyrtarët  Best / Bad 

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 Rezultatet eksperimentale eksperimentale

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rinj, 10 janë klasifikuar si potencialisht të ndershëm (të pa korruptuar), kurse 2 janë klasifikuar si të dyshimit (potencialisht me elemente për korruptim në të ardhmen). Për të njëjtat të dhëna të deklarimeve këtë proces e kemi testuar edhe për rastet: k=10, k=50, dhe k=100. Me këtë rast themi se rezultatet më k=10, sepse intervali i grupeve grupeve të kënaqshme të grupimit mund t’i konsiderojmë ato për k=5 dhe për k=10,  dhe  Bad , nuk është vetëm një grup, por më shumë grupe të përfshira. Po ashtu, këto testime janë  Best  dhe  përsëritur edhe me rastin kur kur të dhënat e deklarimit të pasurisë i normalizojmë fillimisht, sipas metodës metodës  për normalizim të definuar në figurën më lartë (Figura 16), dhe këtu për k=5 dhe k=50 janë arritur rezultate më të kënaqshme. Si mostër të radhës kemi marr 150 zyrtarë të lartë publik me të gjitha deklarimet e tyre. Këta zyrtarë  janë përzgjedhur në mënyrë të rastësishme nëpër institucione të ndryshme. Këta 150 zyrtarë me 384 rekorde, ku secili rekord përmban një deklarim, janë përmbledhë në një data-set me emërtimin DataSeti-150-Zyrtarët ( Shtojca al goritmike përmes aplikacionit ADP, janë Shtojca F   ), dhe pas aplikimit të metodave algoritmike  përfituar rezultatet si në tabelën në vijim (Tabela 13). Tabela 13. Rezultatet 13. Rezultatet eksperimentale eksperimentale për për të dhënat e Data-Seti-150-Zyrtarët Data-Seti-150-Zyrtarët Rezultatet analitike për të dhënat e deklarimeve të pasurisë për 150 zyrtarët e përzgjedhur rastësisht  Numri i Deklarimeve

384

384

Diferenca mesatare / ms

384

384

K = 50

K = 100

26 K=5

K = 10

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 Rezultatet eksperimentale eksperimentale

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 Në tabelën e më hershme (Tabela 12), janë marr për shqyrtim vetëm zyrtarët e një institucioni  –  KRK,  KRK, ndërsa këtu, në tabelën 13, janë marr për shqyrtim të gjitha deklarimet për 150 zyrtarë nëpër institucione të ndryshme të zgjedhur rastësisht. Edhe këtu është përdorë e njëjta metodë për nxjerrje të rezultateve statistike dhe analitike, sikurse në rastin paraprak. Në këtë rast për k=5 dhe për k=50 janë përfituar rezultate më të kënaqshme për gjetjen e zgjidhjeve të problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë duke u bazuar në numrin e zyrtarëve të grupuar në grupet për shqyrtim, dhe po ashtu, njëlloj janë arritur rezultate edhe  për të dhënat e normalizuara. Dhe tani do t’i shikojmë rezultatet me të gji tha mostrat e deklarimeve të pasurisë për zyrtarët e lartë

 publik në Kosovë, deklarimet e të cilëve janë bërë në AKK për vite me radhë. Të dhënat e këtyre deklarimeve janë përmbledhë në një data-set me të dhëna, të emërtuar si Data-Seti-Deklarimi-i-Pasuris Data -Seti-Deklarimi-i-Pasurisëë ( Shtojca Shtojca G ), i cili data-set përmban të dhënat e deklarimit të pasurisë për zyrtarët e lartë publik, që kanë

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 Rezultatet eksperimentale eksperimentale

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dhe në grupin Bad janë grupuar grupuar 30 zyrtarë, për dallim nga rastet e tjera, kur k=50, k=50, apo k=100, ku ku grupimi grupimi është 1 me 7, respektivisht 1 me 8, zyrtarë për grup. Tani, le të marrim në shqyrtim të dhënat e Data-Seti-Deklarimi-i-Pasurisë   Data-Seti-Deklarimi-i-Pasurisë , për raste k=5 dhe k=50, duke  përdorë vetëm disa atribute të deklarimit, dhe rezultatet e arritura janë paraqitur në tabelën vijuese (Tabela 15), ku këto raste janë testuar me aplikacionin ADP. Tabela 15. Rezultatet 15. Rezultatet e arritura arritura me përdorimin përdorimin e vetëm të të disa atributeve të deklarimit deklarimit të pasurisë Rezultatet analitike për të dhënat e deklarimeve të pasurisë për të gjithë zyrtarët e lartë publik   Numri  Numri i Deklarimeve

22244

22244

22244

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 Rezultatet eksperimentale eksperimentale

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5.2. Analiza e rezultateve të arritura  Në këtë seksion do të analizohen rezultatet e arritura në njësinë nj ësinë paraprake (5.1 Mostrat e deklarimeve dhe rezultatet), rezultatet), ku rezultatet e përfituara për shembuj të ndryshëm do t’i analizojmë, edhe sipas grupimit edhe sipas klasifikimit, dhe po ashtu, edhe sipas kohës së llogaritjes. Përveç këtyre analizave të rezultateve, këtu është analizuar edhe ajo se sa të dobishme do të ishin për aplikim në AKK, algoritmet tona për zgjidhjen e problemit të deklarimit të pasurisë, si dhe efikasiteti i tyre me të dhëna reale të deklarimeve të pasurisë. Atëherë, fillimisht, duke i marr vlerat e përfituara për rastet e testuar në tabelat: Tabela 12, Tabela 13, dhe Tabela 14, dhe duke gjeture vlerat mesatare të tyre, për anëtarët e grupit  Best , për anëtarët e grupit  Bad , për klasifikimin  PO, dhe për klasifikimin  JO, në rastet kur vlera hyrëse për grupim është k=5,

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Për të shikuar dhe analizuar se metodat algoritmike të dizajnuara për gjetjen e zgjidhjeve për problemin

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 Nga përgjigjet e këtij pyetësori të paraqitur në figurën më sipër (Figura 34), për analizë le të marrim

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Më pas diferencat e të hyrave vjetore, dhe të hyrave familjare mblidhen ndërmjet vete për të fituar një

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 Rezultatet eksperimentale eksperimentale

Punim Diplome-Master

Tabela 18. Pasqyrimi 18. Pasqyrimi i besueshmërisë besueshmërisë së funksionalitetit të metodave metodave tona të aplikuara këtu, për

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