YDS Için Basit Makaleler
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recom m ended: 25 min
2012-2013 ANIMAL LIFE Most of us live in cities. We don't know about the animals’
B.
Find out what the follow ing w ords refer to according to the passage.
1.
their a)animals’
lives very much. We see some of the animals in the streets and zoos but we don’t know their eating habits, needs and talking with other animals. 5
b) zoos’
c) cities'
Each animal has to do som ething if it wants to go on living long and not hungrily. Many animals run away
2.
when they see their enemies. For example, frogs run away
they a) enemies
b) frogs
c) many animals
b) cats
c) human beings
by jumping at a high speed. Lions are large and strong. They use their tale nt to catch
3.
they a)bats
10 other animals for a delicious meal! Snakes also kill their enemies or preys by poisonous bites. Bears like honey so they give harm or destroy beehives. Like human beings, animals have senses, too. One of the
C. Answer the follow ing questions according to the passage.
most popular animal with keen senses is cats. They can see 15 in the dark. Bats find their path by making sounds and listening 1.
to echoes. Dogstiave a veiy good sense of smeil. This makes
When a frog sees its enemy, — . a) it must run away very fast to survive
it easy for dogs to find food in far away places. Different animals have different life styles in nature. They
o
[>==
bury
c)
4.
avoid
d) to put something under ground
an animal you keep at home
o ;: d
5.
rotten
e)
no longer good to use
Fill in the blanks w ith the w ords above.
1.
Everyone finds Jack unusual, because he has a crocodile as a ......................
2.
It is important to eat vegetables to ....................
the
diseases. 3. 4. 5.
■ CO :;.v
3.
— if people train them.
Find the six noun form s o f given verbs above. y
T
T
V
K W
F
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A
L
J
F
E
E
L
N
G
D
B
X
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D
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B
E
L
L
T
A
R
2
Q
V
T
Q
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Q
Q
G
Z
G
Z
A
V
C
S
G
P
z
V
0
T
B
E
H
A
V
C
C
G
T
L
X
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0
G
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M W
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X
V
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L w
F
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C
E W
before they escaped.
P
L
M
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F
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y
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Y
F
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Time recommended : 25 min
8-A BIRDS HELP COMPOSE MUSIC Down "'¡«win
. 'Æ
k ;* IlSli:
*' r¡«i1P,4 "J rj
t-S1
1. 3. 5.
to relax [RSET] to get something you want [OBTNAI] thin metal to carry electricity [WIER]
«¿LÜ1
Most of us have waken up with the sound of birds outside.
B.
Fill in the blanks w ith the w ords from A.
1.
You c a n ..................... more information from customer services.
They may be on a tree or a wire singing together. We have also seen the groups of birds that fly or rest together in perfect harmony. Brazilian musician Jarbes Agnelli 5
was doing the same when he saw this picture in a local newspaper. Then he suddenly had an idea.
2.
My s is te r..................... songs in her spare time.
3.
Alex had an operation in t h e .....................hospital.
4.
We can’t access the internet because someone has cut t h e .......................
5.
I ....................what will happen if he doesn’t do the right thing.
6.
You worked all night. You sh o u ld.................... for a few hours.
C.
Answ er the fo llow ing questions according to the passage.
1.
Jarbes Angelli m ade m usic after —
He wondered the sound if he composed a song by using the same location as birds were sitting. He saw the birds’ location as musical notes.
10
When he had the notes, he obtained a tune. He used a xylophone, oboe and clarinet. To his surprise, the result is a beautiful melody. He says that the beautiful melody was not his but the birds’ idea. When he first played the melody to his friends, they
15
loved it and wanted other melodies. Now he is sitting near the wires to catch a perfect location of the birds. But it seems it is not so easy. He must wait for a long time to make a good
a)
he woke up with the birds
melody again.
b)
he saw the birds’ perfect harmony
c)
a local newspaper wrote about him
A.
Solve the puzzle using the clues below. The answers start with the first letter in the parenthesis.
2.
3.
D.
He obtained the m elody a) a lot of friends b)
other musicians
c)
some instruments
with
—- his friends loved it and wanted other melodies. a) Before the birds were in harmony b)
When Jarbes saw the
picture ina newspaper
c)
After Jarbes played the music for the first time
Find out if the follow ing sentences are True or False according to the passage.
1.........
Jarbes Agnelli helped the birds to compose a melody.
2......... Across 2. to write music [COMOEPS] 4. certain area you live in [LOLAC] 6. to be curious about [WDRNOE]
When Jarbes first played the melody, his friends also wanted to.compose m usic..
3.........
It is not easy to catch a perfect location of the birds.
Time recommended : 25 min
8-B CELLPHONES Modem cell phones are more than sending and receiving
B.
Fill in the blanks with the w ords from A.
phone calls. They allow users to send and receive text
1.
You can ....... the internet any time from my office.
2.
After the earthquake, the police used a special .................... to find people.
3.
You can take your data with you wherever you go with t h is .................... hard disc.
4.
Barbara got the lowest score in the exam because the teacher realised s h e .......................
5.
The new cell phones are so small that you can put them in y o u r......................
6.
Everybody i s .................... that he will pass the exam.
C.
Answ er the follow ing questions according to the passage.
1.
The new cell phones allow users to — .
messages, emails, photos, videos, access the Internet, play games, listen to music, use GPS and more. 5
The cell phone is an important communication tool for people to keep in touch with each other. When we first saw, they were big and heavy devices. They are now very small and portable and they fit in a user’s pocket. Despite ail the positive benefits of cell phones, there are
10 also some negative side effects. For instance, they can be dangerous while driving and students can cheat on tests by using their cell phones to access Information. So, they are not often allowed in classrooms or other school locations. Because of the new needs of users, the cell phone designs 15 are changing. No one knows about how the cell phone shapes and functions will be in the future. One thing Is certain that people cannot live without it. P A.
Solve the puzzle using the clues below. The answers start w ith the firs t letter in the parenthesis.
r 'TÎ hi
2.
a)
access the internet only at schools
b)
make new devices
c)
communicate with each other
Despite the advantages o f cell phones — . a) they can cause accidents while driving b) they are big and heavy devices c)
they allow users to play games
Across 2.
without doubt, to be sure [CARETNI]
5.
carried or moved easily [PEOARLBT]
6.
small bag on clothes fPKTCOE]
3.
Because of the negative side effects of celis phones
a)
students can cheat on tests
b)
no one knows about future
c)
they are not allowed in some places
Down 1.
to find information, especially on a computer [ACSSCE]
3.
equipment tor a job [TLOO]
4.
to behave in a dishonest way 1o pass an exam [CTAHE]
4.
11 is clear that cell phones -— . a)
will change the people’s life style
b) are important for people' c)
can cause brain cancer
Time recom m ended: 25 min
" 1
9-A
CLIMATE HABITS Every place on the earth, has its own climate. Places that are far away may have a similar climate. But there may be important differences between the climate of a hill and a nearby valley, or a city and the surrounding countryside. 5 Climate affects a person’s life. For example, it influences the kinds of clothing he wears and the kinds of food he grows and eats. It also influences the kind of home he lives in and
B.
Fill in the blanks with the w ords from the puzzle.
1. I like Andy because his life style i s .................. to mine. 2. Poe’s short sto n e s ................ my feelings very deeply. 3. It snows more on the hill than in t h e ....................... 4. Orange grows i n .................... climates. 5. The South Pole is the c o ld e s t................. in the world.
the kinds of transportation he uses. In addition, climate helps determine the kinds of animals and plants that live in an area. 10 People wear clothing that protects them against the climate of their area. In warm regions, people wear light-colored
C.
Find out what the follow ing w ords refer to in the
1.
itS
(line-1)
............................................
2.
it
(line-5)
............................................
3.
he
(lin&-6)
...........................................
4.
them
¡iine-to)
...........................
D.
Choose the correct sentence according to the
passage.
clothes such as cotton or linen. In cold regions, people wear woollen clothing.
A.
Solve the puzzle using the clues below. The answers start w ith the first letter in the parenthesis.
1.
passage. a) Some places have no climate on earth. b) Each place has its own climate in the world. c) Every place on earth has the same climate.
2.
a)
The climate in the city and its surroundings doesn't change. b) There is no difference between the climate of a city and its surroundings. c) The climate in a city and its surroundings can be very different.
3.
a)
E.
Cloze Test
The climate influences the kinds of houses people live. b) Animals and piants help determine the climate. c) To protect against the climate, people always wear light coloured clothes.
Across 2.
a large area of a country [RNEIGO]
4.
to affect [INCFEUNLE]
5.
something that you do often [HITBA]
6.
an area of lower land between two hills or mountains
7.
not very hot [WRAM]
[VYAELL]
Climate is (1) —- for the life on earth. For example, climate (2)
—- the eating habits of people. In warm (3) —
people
generally eat green vegetables a lot but it is not the same in colder places. They mostly eat meat. When it is hot. people prefer wearing cotton clothes. If it is cold, people choose {4) —- clothes.
Down
1.
1.
to keep someone or something safe from harm [PTERCTO]
2.
3.
almost the same [SIAIMRL]
3...
a) foods
b) areas
4.
a) linen
.b) woollen
a) important . a) grows
b) easy' b) protects
' ■
c) similar c) affects c) clothes c) light
)
Time recommended : 25 min
9-B ROBOT TEACHERS Students at 21 elementary schools in Daegu, South Korea
B.
Answ er the follow ing questions according to the passage.
1.
A fter the students try the robot teachers, — . a) the robots will be in the classrooms for 5 months
are testing a new kind of educator: A robot teacher. The students will try them for five months then they will be in people’s dally lives. 5
The experts designed them to teach English. The egg-
b) they will be common in people's daily lives
shaped robots can read books, sing songs and play alphabet
c)
the government will find a sponsor
games. Just like human teachers, they can also walk around the class on their wheels, and even dance to music by moving 2.
their arms and heads. 10
The robots are not com pletely independent. Human
The experts designed the robot teachers to — . a) control the children b) teach English
educators from Philippines control them. They can hear and
c)
hear the reactions
see the children’s reactions. The children can also see the teacher on the panel television on the top of robot’s neck.
3.
The government sponsored the pilot program. Also, the
Robot teachers cannot — . a) go far regions
15 cost of hiring English teachers in their own countries is lower
b)
move their heads
than bringing them into the country. The government also
c)
oil themselves
plan to send them to the far regions where the teachers do not want to go. Other advantages are that the robots do not get sick and ask for holiday. The officials only oil them and 20 they are ready to go.
'
However, the cost of each robot is $ 8000. It can be a
V
E ’ 1
C.
,s
1.
problem for the project. If the government can overcome it, the robot teachers will become com m on in the classrooms.
~
2.
Choose the correct sentence according to the passage. a) Robot teachers will be in the classrooms if the government pay $ 8000 for each. b) Robot teachers will go to the far regions for holiday. c) Robot teachers will spend $ 8000 for a holiday. a) b) c)
A.
Match the words w ith the ir definitions.
1.
educator
...
a) response to an action
2.
expert
....
b) to control a problem
3.
completely
...
c) to employ someone
4.
independent
...
d) someone with a special knowledge of a subject
5.
The human educators will come from Philippines to control the robot teachers. The experts will not control the robot teachers. Robots teachers are not completely free.
reaction
....
D. 1.
b) refuse c) admit
2.
hire
....
f) not controlled by another
7.
overcome
...
g) shared by two or more people
8.
common
...
h) someone who is involved in the process of teaching
The students are testing a kind of educator. a) a lot of b) a sort of
e) totally
6.
Find the synonym o f the underlined w ords below. The robots do not ask fo r holiday. a) want
c) a bit of
3.
Also, they do not get sic k . a) get confused b) get mad c) become ill
Time recommended : 25 min
10-A WALT DISNEY Walt Disney was one of the most famous motion-picture
|
producers in history. He was bom in Chicago, Illinois. When
j
1. something you do to help [CNTNIIBUTROO]
he was two years old, the family moved to a farm near
i
2. living in a natural state [WDIL]
Marceline, Missouri. He was interested in art. He sold his
j
3. everything around you [EMOINNENTRV]
5 drawings to earn money. When he was a teenager, his family
j
6. a person everyone knows [FSUMOA]
moved to Chicago again. He studied art there and left school at the age of 16. He moved to Hollywood, California. He
Down
j B.
Fill in the blanks with appropriate letters.
1.
Jane became an artist because she was i t ___________ t ______ in art.
2.
T hey__o _________ to Istanbul to find a well-paid job.
human actors. The Disney studio has won more than 45
3.
Cüneyt Arkın is one of the Y eşilça m ___________r s.
Academy Awards for its movies and scientific and technical
4.
I don’t like to study physics.
C.
Answer the follow ing questions according to the passage.
1.
W alt Disney sold his draw ings because — .
began producing animated films. Disney first became famous in the 1920s and 1930s for producing cartoon film characters 10 such as Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck. He later produced feature-length cartoon films. Movies were about wild animals in their natural environment. He also produced films starring
15 contributions to film making.
e s
__ __ __ __ __ __ l y
After television became popular in the 1950s, many film makers ignored TV or fought it as a threat to the movie
;l,
Industry. But Disney adjusted easily to the new form of entertainment. He produced a number of movies especially 20 for television. 'i
A.
Solve the puzzle using the clues below. The answers start w ith the first letter in the parenthesis. 2.
;
3.
D.
a)
he moved to Marceline
b)
he was short of money
c)
he wanted to produce Donald Duck
He first became fam ous after — a) he produced feature-length cartoon films b)
he won Academy Awards
c)
he produced Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck
.... he won Academy Award. a) He produced films starring human actors, so b)
At the age of 16
c)
Because of his contributions to film making
Put the events in order according to the passage.
1. Across 4.
a)
He became famous. He moved to Hollywood.
2.
...
b)
3.
...
c)
He studied art.
d)
He sold his drawings.
something to make people happy [EREATITTNMNNE] 4.
5.
a serious warning [THRETA]
7.
something people give for a success [ADAWR]
5.
...
e}'
He began producing animated films.
8.
pay no attention [IOREGN]
6.
...
f)
His family moved to Chicago.
Time recom mended: 25 mill
10~B ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL Alexander Graham Bell is a scientist and educator. He
B.
Fill in the blanks w ith the w ords from the puzzle.
invented the telephone. Bell was 27 years old when he
1.
The ru n n e r.................... to jump the hurdles without knocking.
2. 3.
Don’t try to speak to him. He i s ...................... He has a power o f ...................... He can influence when he speaks. Everybody is looking forward to seeing the results of t h e .................... on a new drug. The company h a s ..................... a new system to make the car run with less energy.
understood the principle of transmitting speech electrically. He was 29 when he got his basic telephone patent in 1876. 5
The telegraph had been invented before Bell’s time. Noises, 4.
music, and signals were sent by wires. But human speech had never been sent by wire. Many inventors were working
5.
to achieve this, but Bell was the first to succeed. His great invention was the result of many years of scientific 10 experiment. Bell was interested in the problems of the deaf
C.
all his life. In fact, he once told his family he preferred to be remembered as a teacher of the deaf not as the inventor of
1.
the telephone. But, the invention of the telephone is so important that the world will remember Alexander Graham 15 Bell’s name for it.
A.
Solve the puzzle using the clues below.
@ O P"
2.
t«
Answ er the follow ing questions according to the passage. Before Alexander Graham was 2 7 ,— . a) he invented the telephone b)
he got a patent for the telephone
c)
he didn’t know how speech transmitted electrically
— but Bell was the first to succeed. a) No one could understand how to transmit noises, music and signals by wires b)
Many inventors tried to transmit human speech
■-rvs
•
c)
3. c)
look after children in some countries
b)
kill some other animals
d) tame other animals
3.
Hunters kill many elephants a)
because of their tusks to make ivory
b) so they can carry precious objects on them
B.
Fill in the blanks w ith the w ords from A.
1.
Pets a r e ..........................animals so we can live with them at home.
2.
Mr. Hopkins and one of h is .......................... were rescued from the accident with no injury.
3.
From now on, y o u r ..........................is to keep silence in class, OK?
; ; 5
4.
c)
and they sell them to nobles
d)
because they use their trunks
It is understood from the passage that
:
a)
j
b) there is no difference between an African and an Asian elephant c)
4.
Lady Autumn was such a .............................and woman that I couldn’t help admiring her.
5.
The concert which we went last weekend was so ..........................that I am stilt under the influence ot it.
.
! i s
only noble people can have an elephant
King Henry II had an elephant but Queen Elizabeth I did not
d). the elephant, is now endangered because of-the. hunters
Time recommended : 25 min
24-Ä DIAMONDS c.
Diamonds are one of the hardest naturally formed minerals on Earth. The only mineral hard enough to cut a diamond Is
Answer the fo llow ing questions according to the passage.
another diamond. Perfect diamonds are used for jewelry. Diam onds
Imperfect diamonds that cannot be sold as gems have 5 num erous industrial uses. Because they are hard, diamonds are used to drill through rock. This makes them valuable to the oil industry. They are also used in special saws that cut rock and metal and in most phonograph needles.
a)
cannot be cut by other minerals
b)
have more than one field in which they are used
c)
.whether it is perfect or not, can be sold as gems
d) are the most known valuable minerals
Diamonds are formed in the earth from carbon. It takes 10 millions of years and trem endous pressure and heat for the earth to form a diamond. Although some diamonds are found on the surface, most are mined in the same way as some metals. The form ation of a diam ond
Diamonds are found in many colors. Some are transparent, 15 or clear; others are not. Diamonds used for gems are usually
a)
clear. Pale - blue diamonds are the best but most are slightly
needs many years and a long process
yellow. Industrial diamonds are gray or brown and cloudy in
b) in the earth is related to the type of the surface
appearance.
c)
doesn’t need a very long period
d) isn’t as difficult as it is thought no in Match the w ords with their synonyms.
1. form
a)
make
2.
perfect
b)
many
3.
numerous
C)
veiy big
4.
tremendous
d)
wonderful
5.
silghtlv
e)
3.
a)
a little
B.
Fill in the blanks with the
1.
Hilary prepared a ............................. project, so she got
Which is NOT true according to the passage? Only perfect diamonds can be used as jewelry.
b)
Carbon is the raw material of the diamond.
c)
Only pale-blue diamonds are used for gems.
d)
Diamonds can be found in many colors.
words from A.
the highest mark. 2.
Some rocks a re ........................ a few million years ago.
3.
There a re ......................... packages waiting to be sent to the poor families by the charity.
D.
Find out if the follow ing statements are True or False according to the passage.
1......... 2.........
The hardest mineral on Earth is diamond. Most of the diamonds can be obtained
by
mining. 4.
It is ........................ unclear whether I will pass the exam or not.
5.
There used to b e .......................... buildings and large highways in the city before the disaster.
3.........
Few of the diamonds are transparent.
4.........
Gray and brown diamonds are more precious than the others.
'
'
Time recom m ended: 25 min
24"B TIMBUKTU The story of Timbuktu began around A.D. 1000. Then it
and physical health and a family with whom you can share life.
was only a well and a sand dune. There travelers could stop for water on their way to the Niger River from the Sahara.
6.
The death rate related to the infectious diseases ..........................in recent years.
C.
Answ er the follow ing questions according to the passage.
1.
T im b u k tu — .
Because of its location, Timbuktu became a valuable 5 marketplace. It was said that nearly 25.000 camels passed through Timbuktu in a year. By the sixteenth century, Timbuktu had grown into a city of many thousands of people. This was the time when Timbuktu reached its height as a center of learning and 10 culture. The city’s university and libraries were well known. Scholars from Arabia, Egypt and Morocco traveled there to study and to teach.
a) was a well-known river near the Sahara
Sadly, the great city of Timbuktu also attracted greedy
b) was not more than a well and a sand dune before A.D. 1000
invaders. As they fought among themselves for power, the 15 city declined. Its great books were lost and many of its
c)
is a story which tells about the Sahara
buildings destroyed. Today Timbuktu exists as a small town
d)
hosts many tourists every year
in the country of Mali. Travelers can find the fam ous city @
only in their imaginations.
A.
D
Match the w ords with their synonyms.
a)
fascinate
b)
merely
c)
ruin
4. decline
d)
popular
5. destroy
e) decrease
6. famous
f)
1. only
.......
2. valuable 3. attract
.......
2.
In the 1500s, — .
,,y g
a)
>
b) Egypt and Morocco were the most developed countries
;.i
c)
to g
3.
Travelers — . a) can visit Timbuktu as a small town today
precious
b) have a chance to meet the scholars in Timbuktu c)
visit the destroyed buildings in Timbuktu nowadays
d)
began to come to Timbuktu only in the sixteenth century
Fill in the blanks with the w ords from A.
1.
T h e fa rm w a s .......................... due to the flood and the farmer went bankrupt.
2.
T h e ......................... thing that I want is to see you as an honest man.
3.
T o .......................... the tourists, the hotel arranged so many entertaining activities.
1..........
4.
The .......................... author H.D. Thoreau is mostly known for his essay that inspired M.L. King and Gandhi, Civil Disobedience.
2.........
D.
Find out if the follow ing statements are True or False according to the passage.
thing in life is having mental
Timbuktu was a precious marketplace thanks to its location. Learning and culture was very important in the 1600s in Timbuktu.
3......... The most
Timbuktu became a developed city
d) Timbuktu was already a country
B.
5.
there were many scholars from all over the world in Timbuktu
Mali is the name of today’s Timbuktu.
Time recommended : 2î> min
' ■ '■ ■ -25-A INDIA’S ECONOMY When India became independent in 1947, its leaders
j
began to develop a market economy. India’s task hasn’t
!
been easy. There are more than 700 million people in India.
j j
The land is poor and dry in many places. There is not
6.
After John took necessary............................ he went to help the victims of the earthquake.
7.
Parents' m ain............................is to educate their children and provide them with opportunities for their future.
5 enough food. India is
j i
producing more food. India is using some of its money to
|
With modern equipm ent and education,
8.
When I was a little boy, eveiybody asked about my favo rite............................ and I told them that I would be a famous artist one day.
build new industries. Trade is bringing more money from other countries. 10
Although changes are being made, India’s continually
C.
Answer the fo llow ing questions according to the passage.
1.
In d ia — . a) is a populous country
growing population is the main and a great problem. Their work will produce more jo bs and goods. Indians point to the successes of other market economies. India’s developing economy is trying to im prove life in India.
b)
is one of the poorest country in the world
c)
has a fertile land
d) wasn't an independent country until 1950s A.
Match the w ords w ith the ir synonyms. 2.
Compared w ith the past
.
a)
develop
a)
the land is drier these days
2. task
b)
sufficient
b)
India is more developed
3.
enough
c)
free
c)
India's developing economy has improved
4.
equipment
d)
chief
S)
occupation
f)
constantly
9)
duty
h)
supplies
1.
independent
5. continually 6.
•
main
7. job 8.
Improve
people's lives „
d) the population of India has decreased
3.
The basic problem in India is -—. a)
the lack of food
b) the growing population c)
the lack of education
d) other market economies B.
Fill in the blanks with the words from A.
1.
The ........................... reason why we went to Ankara was to visit my friends. D.
2.
When you have.......................... confidence in yourself,
Find out if the follow ing statements are True or False according to the passage.
you can achieve lots of things. 3.
4.
Y ou're...........................leaving your books around the room, i'm fed up with it.
1.........
To b e .......................... and to live in peace are the basic
2.........
aims of a nation. 5.
Reading b o o k s ...........................your comprehension skill extensively.
Before 1947 India wasn’t an Independent country. The reason for the lack of food may be the poor and dry land.
.
3......There is no hope for the development in India.
Time recom m ended: 25 min
2 1 1 1 2 - 2 0 1 3
I
25-B THE PORTUGUESE
The Portuguese were the first Europeans to explore and
5.
The general m an ag er...........................my brother as his second driver.
6.
How can you play three m usical.......................... at the same time?
7.
You should mix the ingredients with specific............. if you want your meal to be more delicious.
C.
Answer the follow ing questions according to the passage.
1.
Henry the N a vig a to r— . a) is the person who started Portuguese explorations
trade with Sub - Saharan Africa. They began by sailing south along Africa’s western coast. The Portuguese explorations began with Henry the 5 Navigator, son of King John I of Portugal. Prince Henry didn’t explore Africa but he hired men who did. Beginning about 1419, he paid mapmakers to make new maps of the area. He paid navigators to improve such instrum ents as the compass. He paid ship designers to make new ships that 10 could sail into the wind. Prince Henry had good reasons for encouraging exploration
b)
is the son of a captain named Bartholomeu Dias
of the African coast. Like other countries of Europe, Portugal
c)
explored the interior of Africa
wanted to buy spices and other goods from Asia. If they
d)
is the father of King John I
could find a way to sail around Africa to India, they could buy 15 Asian goods without paying other countries.
2.
Prince Henry died in 1460 but his dream lived on. In 1488, a captain named Bartholomeu Dias became the first European to sail around southern tip of Africa. Following him, Vasco
W hat was the reason fo r exploration o f the African coast according to Prince Henry? a)
The Portuguese wanted to improve instruments such as compass
b)
Portugal wanted to buy goods from Asia without paying other countries
c)
Sailors tried new ships that could sail though strong storms
d)
Prince Henry didn’t love adventure and spending money
da Gama sailed into India, who achieved Prince Henry’s goal.
Match the w ords with the ir definitions. explore trade 3. hire 4. instrument 5. sail 6. spice 7. goal
a) a tool used in work b) to travel across an area of water by ship c) the activity of buying or selling goods d) something you put into food to give a special taste e) to travel around an area to find out about it f) to pay money to someone to do a certain job, employ g) something that you hope to achieve in the future
3.
After Prince Henry died, — . a)
John I became the king of Portugal
b) Vasco da Gama sailed to India in 1419 c)
Bartholomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama continued to achieve his dream
d) the Portuguese forgot him
D.
Find out if the follow ing statements are True o r False according to the passage.
1.........
After the Indians, the Portuguese were the first to sail along Africa’s southern coast.
2......... B.
Fill in the blanks w ith the words from A.
1.
The social sciences teacher stated that h is......................... was to make the youth aware of the facts of life and society.
Africa. 3.........
We hope our country will develop as w e .........................
4......... 5.........
3.
with other countries more, The desire to .......................... around the world and explore new places led the invention of new tools. On a summer afternoon we ........................... the old village near Oxford.
Henry the Navigator paid mapmakers to make new maps of the area.
2.
4.
Prince Henry employed men to find out about
Prince Henry died in the 1400s. Bartholomeu Dias was the first man to sail around southern tip of Africa.
6.........
Vasco da Gama realized Prince Henry's dream after Bartholomeu Dias.
Time recommended : 25 min
■ CLASS DISTINCTION IN SUMER Sumerian society was made up o f different groups, or
26
-Â
C.
Answ er the follow ing questions according to the passage.
1.
Sumerian s o c ie ty -----
classes. This division took place because the work of some people was valued more than the works of others. Some people gained greater wealth or honors. The wealthiest 5 class consisted of the nobles. Nobles included important
a)
priests and relatives of the king. Most people were commoners.
had a fair system in which everybody lived in freedom
b) was divided into some groups according to their status
Commoners were
merchants, farmers, and skilled workers. Commoners could
c)
gave equal importance to all citizens
both inherit and purchase land. Some commoners became
d)
affected the other societies
10 quite wealthy by buying land. A third class of people in ancient Sumer was made up of clients. These were people who worked for nobles or for the temple. They were paid no food or given something 2.
valuable. 15
The fourth class in Sumer was the slaves. Most slaves
Clients a)
could buy and sell in Sumer
were prisoners of war. Some people were made slaves as
b)
were the least important class in Sumer
punishment. Parents could sell their children into slavery.
c)
were one of the groups who worked either for nobles or for the temple
d)
had higher social status than commoners
Slaves could buy their freedom if they could earn or borrow money. The free slave then became a commoner or a client.
A.
Match the w ords with their synonym s.
1.
be made up of
2.
division
.........
b) separation
3.
inherit
.........
c) receive fortune
a)
had a limitless freedom
b)
weren’t treated equally
.......
a) independence
4.
purchase
.........
d) buy
5.
freedom
.........
e) take loan
6.
borrow
B. 1.
Fill in the blanks with the w ords from A. B o b ............. both his father’s house and his
2.
automobile. To gain .......................... , many nations fought In the
3. 4. 5. 6.
.........
f)
3.
People in Sumer -—.
c)
supported class distinction
d)
were very rich
consist of
past. The group Is very crowded so there must be a .......................... according to the age or ability. I wish I had .......................... the purple bag, because it was cheaper. Even if you are short of money, you shouldn't .......................... money from everyone. This course .......................... both elementary and intermediate level students.
D.
Find out if the follow ing statements are True o r False according to the passage.
1.........
Nobles had much more rights than the others in Sumer.
2.........
Four types of classes have been mentioned in the passage.
3.........
Commoners are superior than slaves and nobles.
4.........
A slave could
never be free.
Time recom m ended: '¿ 6 mlii
2 1 1 1 2 -2 8 1 3
I
284] MONKEYS
time swinging from one branch of tree to another. A few of
C.
Answer the follow ing questions according to the passage.
them called baboons live mostly on the ground. Monkeys
Som eone can easily say that m onkeys — .
Monkeys in general live in tropical forests and spend their
live in groups. Groups vary in size. The group can consist
a)
are a kind of animals which sometimes frighten the farmers
5 o f a few members or much more even up to hundreds. The tail is an important part for ail kinds of animals but for
b)
love trees where they can swing
monkeys it is the fifth hand! The monkey wraps its tail around
c)
don’t live on ground in tropical forests
branches and uses it to take fruit or other things easily. One
d)
live in groups which consist of different number of members
kind of monkeys is called capuchins. Capuchins can crack 10 the hard shells of the nuts, break off a tree branch and steal fruits from the trees in the farms. But no farmer can frighten them away. Because they live in groups and go into farms in groups as many as 40 monkeys. No farmer can stand so
2.
We can infer from the passage that — .
many monkeys at a time! Because they are very smart 15 animals, they can be trained to a great extent.
A.
Match the w ords w ith the ir synonym s.
1.
vary
2.
consist of
3.
wrap
........
c) be made up
4.
crack
........
d)
break
5.
stand
........
e)
differ
6.
smart
........
f)
resist
7.
train
........
g)
B.
........ ......
©
a)
however hard you try, you can’t train monkeys
b)
monkeys steal fruits from the houses by means of their tails
c)
farmers work hard and generally are successful in protecting their farms from the groups of monkeys
o r" Tj EH
a) clever
d) there are some different types of monkeys but all share the same characteristics
S
b) educate of
3.
bind, hold
A m onkey’s tail a)
Fill in the blanks w ith the words from A.
is not as useful as a its hand
b)
is very important because they use It for protection
c)
functions the same as a hand
d)
is not as important as that of other animals
Parrots are known to be one of the animals. Not t o .......................... the glass, don’t put boiling water into it. Every handicapped student must be treated and ........................ individually in order to help more.
D.
Find out if the follow ing statements are True o r False according to the passage.
1.........
The summer course for children above s ix ..................... basketball, swimming and art classes. Our tastes, emotions or thoughts m a y .......................... but it shouldn't change behaviours towards others. If you go o n .......................... the new rules at school, you'll be dismissed soon. The little child ........................... his arms around his mother and kissed her many times as he didn't see her for two weeks.
Baboons are a type of monkey groups which live individually.
2.........
For farmers, monkeys can be dangerous because they come in groups.
3.........
Unlike other animals, monkeys have the fifth hand, which is vety unusual.
4.........
Monkeys are clever animals.
Time recommended : 25 min
9
27-k CHIMPANZEES
Chimpanzees are a kind of apes that live in the rain forests
C.
Answ er the follow ing questions according to the passage.
1.
Chim panzees are a kind o f apes that — . a) live in the forests throughout the world
in the tropics and are known to be very intelligent. The chimps wander around the forest looking for food such as fruit, leaves and insects. A chimpanzee uses its two hands as well as its
b)
5 feet when it moves on the ground. A male chimp sometimes walks upright scream ing in order to show o ff its strength to the others animals.
use their hands only when they walk
c)
eat such food as fruit, leaves and Insects
d)
walk upright mostly in order to show their strength
A young chimp does what adults do so that it learns everything necessary for survival in the wild. For example, it 10 watches its mother make a nest and the young chimp does
2.
A young chim p learns everything fo r survival in the w ild -— . a) by watching and imitating the adults
the same again and again till it learns it fully. A chimpanzee indicates great fear or excitement by pulling back its lips and showing its gums and teeth. If you don’t know what this means as a visitor in the zoo or an adventurer 15 in the wild, you can mistake the look for a smile! And the result may not be that much good for you!
b)
on his own because he is accustomed to living in the wild
c)
by practising with their friends
d)
by making a loud noise
Chimpanzees can mostly be seen in zoos and circuses. It is because of their memory and ability to be trained to perform tricks in shows or movies. Moreover, chimps can be taught
P”
3.
its lips and shows its gum s because it
20 to communicate with humans by hand signals.
A.
You m ust be careful when a chim panzee pulls back
Match the w ords with the ir definitions.
1. such as
.......
a) to try to make people admire
2. scream
.......
b)
for example
3.
.......
c)
to show that a particular situation
a)
indicates that it is very hungry
b)
can attack at any moment
c)
does so when it is frightened or excited
d)
means it doesn't want to see any visitors
your abilities
show off
4.
exists 4.
adult
.......
d)
a full grown person or animal
5. indicate
.......
e)
to make a loud high noise
B.
Fill in the blanks with the words from A.
1.
The last sales .......................... that more and more people are buying houses in the suburbs.
2.
Frank alw ays.......................... on the football fields and claims that he is the best.
As chimpanzees have a strong memory, they a) can communicate with humans by talking b) can live with us in our homes
D.
c)
mostly act in films
d)
can be taught to make tricks in shows
Find out if the follow ing statements are True o r False according to the passage.
1 .........
While moving on the ground, chimpanzees use both their hands and their feet.
2.........
A chimpanzee shows its fear by walking upright and screaming.
3..................................... lions have sharp teeth to hunt. 3......... 4........ When Bob heard the noise of the explosion, he .......................... in fear.
its lips and shows its gum's. 4.........
5.
Some of my friends,...........................Alice and Cathy, are very helpful lo me.
When a chimpanzee wants a smile, it pulls back
Chimpanzees can communicate through 'hand signals with humans.
Time recommended : 25. min
2012-2013
27-B
TURTLES An interesting life lies under a hard shell which is like an
c.
Answ er the follow ing questions according to the passage.
1.
It is not stated in the passage that -— . a) the shell of the turtles protects them against their enemies
armor. The animal with no teeth but powerful beak under the shell is, of course, the turtle. The shell covers the whole body of the turtle and protects it against its enemies. Generally, 5 turtles can live both on land and in water. As it is told in a very popular cartoon, unlike rabbits, turtles
b) turtles bite their enemies with their sharp teeth
are very slow in walking and they can’t run. But, when it
c)
comes to food, they can whip their head out with amazing
d) turtles can’t walk as fast as rabbits
some turtles like the color red
speed to catch it. Turtles bite enemies with their sharp, 10 powerful beaks. For example, a turtle waits for its victim at the edge of a pond, lake or stream. When a bird comes for a drink the turtle shoots out its head and snatches the creature
A tu rtle — . a) can only live on land
in its beak. And there come the happy hours for dinner!
b) is too slow to snatch its prey
Like some other animals, turtles hibernate too in places
c)
waits for its prey at the edge of a lake or stream
15 where the winter is very severe and cold. They sleep through
d)
is impatient while it is waiting for its victim
that period hidden in the soil or water. Some turtles like the color red. They can eat anything that is red. If keepers should give them medicines, they put them
3.
According to the passage, the shell o f a turtle
in tomatoes so that they eat it easily and quickly. a)
has the function of an armour
b) is too heavy to carry c)
doesn’t protect the turtle enough
d) is mostly black
A.
Match the w ords with the ir synonyms.
1.
lie
........
a) physically strong
2.
powerful
.......
b) exist
3. whole
.......
c) harsh
It is stated in the passage that — . a) a turtle is the only animal which likes the color red
4.
.......
d) all
b) turtles are among the animals which hibernate
.......
e) incredible
c) the shell covers half the body of a turtle
amazing
5. severe
d) turtles can endure severe winters
B.
Fill in the blanks w ith the w ords from A.
1.
Some men take aikido courses in order to be more
2.
When your nose bleeds, don’t ......................... but stand till it stops.
3.
I can’t explain the ........................... truth but maybe some part of it.
4.
To relieve t h e ...........................headache, you can take a painkiller and take a rest.
5.
It j s ........................... how a student who surfs on the net for hours does nothing when it comes to studying.
D.
Find out if the follow ing statements are True or False according to the passage.
1.........
Turtles are the characters of a popular cartoon.
2.........
Despite their slow movement, turtles are very fast while grabbing their food.
3.........
Turtles prefer hibernating in water.
4.........
Tomatoes are the most preferred food for turtles.
Time recommended : 25 min
28-AFROGS When it is summer, and if we are living near a lake or
5.
D a n n y ...........................up the stairs two or three at a
6.
time. I have so many things to do, but I w ill........................... go and see my grandfather.
pond we are disturbed by the ongoing sounds of the frogs and probably shut the doors not to let those “croaks” come in. 5
Small animals with smooth skin, frogs can live in water
C.
Answer the follow ing questions according to the passage.
1.
Frogs a) jump up with their strong legs
and on land. They have powerful back legs with which they can leap from one place to another. Frogs shoot out their long tongues to catch the insects they want to eat. The sticky tip of the tongue makes it easy 10 to take hold of them. Although frogs mostly live in water, they seldom drink
b)
can live just in water
c)
have good sounds which attract people
d)
live in the sea and near ponds
water. Frogs are fussy eaters, that is, they have very fixed standards about eating habits. If they have eaten something
2.
they don’t normally like, they vomit. After the bad food has 15 gone out, the frog tries to fill its stomach again. Suppose the children could do the same thing? How relaxed they would be after their parents make them eat vegetables or something they have to eat! Snakes, birds, foxes, and fish are all frogs’ enemies.
3.
20 However, frogs have some ways to escape from them. One
A ccording to the passage, the eating habit of frogs a)
is very similar to that of snakes
b)
is more complex than that of other animals
c)
is related to their liking
d)
has not very fixed standards
Frogs’ enemies a) are so many that all frogs are in danger
of them is blending with the ground on which it sits. Because
b) are mostly snakes
of the camouflage, they cannot be recognized. The easiest
c)
another way is jumping into water and going away! Their poisonous skin also protects frogs. Once an enemy
may stay away from frogs because of their poisonous skin
d) can escape by jumping to other branches
25 bites or touches, it immediately learns why to stay away from them!
4.
Snakes -— . a) are one of the enemies of birds, foxes and fish b) can be avoided thanks to the camouflage
A.
Match the w ords with th e ir synonym s.
1. disturb
.....
a) rarely
2. probably
.....
b) at once
3. leap
.....
c) but
4. seldom
.....
d) likely
5. however
e) jump
6. immediately ..... ..
f)
B. 1.
2.
interrupt
Fill in the blanks with the words from A. The thief grabbed my father’s wallet and ........................ run and disappeared in the crowd. Not t o .......................... the little baby, I came into the room silently. I usually go to the cinema, but I ...........................go to
4.
the opera at the weekends. Chuck always said he decided to study,......................... he never did anything yet.
D.
c)
can’t be recognized if frogs try to find them
d)
like being in water
Find out if the following statements are True or False according to the passage.
1.........
People don’t like the sounds of the frogs.
2.........
The tongues and legs of the frogs are important for them.
3.........
Frogs can feed on animals such as snakes, birds., foxes and fish.
4........
■
.
' Frogs can protect themselves from danger thanks to their poisonous skin.
Time recommended : 25 min
2012-2013
28' BEARS
We usually think that bears are always hungry and can eat
B.
Fill in the blanks with the w ords from A.
everything that it sees on its way. It is, indeed, so. Apart from
1.
You’re always......................... me when I suggest doing
panda bears which are very fussy, other kinds of bears can
something.
eat many kinds of things including seals, honey, termites, 2.
5 small animals, in short, everything! Panda bears prefer only
Teachers in private schools generally . long working hours and low pay.
bamboo. 3.
On the one hand bears are peaceful, that is, they don’t like
You can’t ...........................me with my family’s
safety.
I’ll call the police and tell them everything.
danger. On the other hand, they are impatient and easily get angry. They can attack anything or anyone when it is
The training programme ........................... teaching English in three months.
10 threatened even if it is the bear’s own cubs! Bears are famous for sleeping during the winters. This long
5.
Little children can b e ...........................when it comes to eating vegetables.
sleep is called hibernation. During their deep sleep, they don’t eat or drink. Its heart beat and temperature slow down,
...........................alone in autumn is my favorite activity.
also. Although bears are accepted as hibernating animals,
I feel free and peaceful then.
15 some experts oppose to this idea. Since a bear can be woken 7.
up by a loud noise or wake up by itself during a warm day
I can’t sleep properly because of y o u r........................ all night. Why don’t we go to a doctor for it?
and wander around, it can be said that they do not hibernate (G?
but sleep deep.
O A female bear can’t be com plaining about the snoring of 20 its partner because almost all bears snore while they sleep!
A.
I” »*»
trn pi
C.
Answer the follow ing questions according to the passage.
1.
Apart from panda bears, other kinds of bears — .
Match the w ords with the ir definitions.
1. fussy
........
a) to disagree with an idea or plan
2.
include
a)
prefer bamboo for food
b)
like danger so they aren’t usually peaceful
c)
feed on many things such as seals, honey and small animals
d)
may even eat their cubs
b) to make something or somebody a part of a larger group
3.
threaten
.......
2.
c) having too much concern
a)
about food or taste 4.
oppose
........
Bears are fam ous for — . being peaceful animals
b) snoring once in a while
d) to say that you will cause harm to somebody if he
c)
sleeping during winter
d)
eating only honey
doesn't do what you want 5.
wander
.......
e) to walk slowly around an area
6.
complain about
......
f) to breathe in a noisy way during sleep
7.
snore
.......
g) tosaythatyou are annoyed about something
3.
Bears may attack when they ■ a) feel peaceful b)
are threatened
c)
are hungry
d) want to play
Time recommended : 25 min
-
■ 29"A
LIONS 4.
We generally associate lions with power, strength and effort. However, there is another word phrase for these
5.
animals, which is the spirit of organization. Lions live in groups. One group can have as many as 35 members including
j
5 females (lionesses), males (lions), and young lions (cubs).
j
Male lions defend the territory, the lionesses hunt and the
j
cubs eat!
them but sometimes the reverse can happen, too.
!
She hides the truth and tells lies. The truth is the
8.
All h is ..........................were to make his children happy and satisfied.
C.
Answ er the follow ing questions according to the passage.
1.
By m ost people the lions are known as a) the animals which have canine teeth
i
j
A lion’s roar can be heard nearly 8 km away. This can be
j
a sign of a new prey or a possible danger.
j
Lions have long, sharp, canine teeth in front of their mouths.
j
As the victim struggles or tries to escape, these teeth help
I
the lion grab, stab and tear it.
j ) !
15
7.
j
Three years after the cub was born, the male lions get rid of
10
6.
In th is ............................ there are different types of wild plants because of heavy rains. After the earthquake............................. people left the town. To pass the proficiency test, A lic e ......................... all the year.
Lionesses hunt In groups. When they see a herd of zebras,
b)
powerful and strong animals
the prey. They hide in the bushes or behind the trees. Then
^
c)
strange animals which live In groups
one lioness stands up and makes itself seen by the victim
¡:”i
d)
having equal strength with zebras and antelopes
which is terribly terrifie d by it. At that point the victim begins
r;
20 to flee without knowing that everywhere is surrounded by
rn
antelopes, or wild pigs, the lionesses form a circle around
each of the lionesses. After a short time of chasing, the
j
2.
Females, males and cubs
lioness leaps on the victim and the game is over! That is what
a)
we mean by the spirit of organization.
b) are found In every kind of animal groups
A.
are the members of a group of lions
c)
defend their territory against other wild animals
d)
have the role of hunting
Match the w ords with their synonyms. a) victim
1. associate 2. effort
....
....
....
c)
he is angry because of not catching his prey
d) the victim was caught
fight
9) follow
7. terrified 8. chase
f)
When a lion roars, it means a) lionesses should hunt in groups b) there is a new prey or a possible danger
d) frightened e) conned
5. prey 6. struggle
3.
c) region
3. territory 4. reverse
b) opposite
....
h) endeavour
D.
Find out if the follow ing statements are True o r False according to the passage.
1.........
Every lion has a special responsibility in its
B.
Fill in the blanks with the words from A.
1.
If you want t o ............................yourself with success,
2.........
Lions roar to alert the others.
2.
you must study hard. Small animals such as birds and rabbits lend to be the
3.........
Lions hunt better when'they wanderon their
3.
.......................... of the wild ones. th e tig e r...........................the antelope and attacked it immediately.
group.
own. 4........:
■
•
The lioness begins to run when she sees that the enemy is more powerful than her.
Time recommended : 25 min
2 1 1 2 - 2 0 1 3
29-B PARROTS
Bird brain has a negative implication meaning not very
Answ er the follow ing questions according to the passage.
smart or intelligent in some languages. However, this is not true when it comes to parrots. They can learn to im itate
If you thin k that birds are not so clever, — . a) it is not clear
human speech. According to some experts, parrots can also 5 think apart from copying sounds.
b) you should leave parrots out
A man spent 15 years teaching an African gray parrot. He succeeded in teaching him about 90 words. The parrot could
c)
it’s true
d)
it is not acceptable
also Identify nearly all main colors and a few shapes and even count to 8! One day, the scientist had to leave the parrot 10 at the office because he got sick and when he went out, it
2.
called out, “ I love you. Please come back.” Parrots can sense when an earthquake is coming. They begin to scream at the top of their voices when they feel it.
It is stated in the passage that — . a) no matter what you teach, the parrots can learn all of it b) you should be sick if you want your parrot to say “I love you”
They can sometimes get angry. At that point they stretch their 15 necks and make sound. A parrot must turn its head in order
c)
when compared with the other birds, parrots are more intelligent
d)
only scientists can teach 90 words to a parrot
to see forward because a parrot’s eyes are on the sides of its head. All over the world, parrots live in warm and tropical countries. They live in large groups. They are fast flyers and this is very 20 advantageous when they search for food far away.
@ O l-win I™' “11 ¡11
Natural disasters cause a) the parrots to have pleasant time b) scientists to protect the parrots
A.
c)
Match the w ords w ith th e ir synonyms.
people to be frightened
d) the parrots to scream at the top of their voices
1.
imitate
.......
a) feel
2.
identify
.......
b) calculate
3. count
........
c) copy
4. sense
.......
d) look for
5. search
.......
e) recognize
b) they are smart
6. far away
.......
f) remote
c)
they can’t copy sounds
d)
it is easy for them to feel the earthquake
B.
Fill in the blanks w ith the w ords from A.
1.
The p o lice ........................... for some clear evidence but couldn't find.
2.
My brother ........................... the celebrities and the politicians to make us laugh.
3.
Not to b e ......................... , some ancient rulers disguised arid wandered in the city to learn about his people.
4.
From his unusual manners, I .................... that he was not well.
5............................countries have always attracted me and I really want to see them. 6.
I ............................ the apples before I gave them to the children.
Because of the parrots’ head shape — . a) they must turn their heads to see forward
D.
Find out if the follow ing statements are True or False according to the passage.
1.........
All the bird species live in warm countries.
2.........
Parrots can search for food in long distances.
3.........
Identifying almost all main colours is one of the skills of one African gray parrot.
4.........
The owner of the parrot got sick tor 8 days.
Time recommended : 25 min
30-A TRAINED DOGS People can train mostly dogs among many kinds of animals.
c
They can help people more than most animals. Dogs can help us in many ways. They can make the life
Answ er the follow ing questions according to the passage. It is stated in the passage that — . a) dogs protect us from other animals
of a blind or deaf person easy. They are very important 5 because they can be friends for the old, the sick and the
b) they can help people more than most animals
lonely. As we see in the TV serials, they can con tribu te a tot to the policemen. They sniff the illegal drugs or explosives and catch the criminals.
c)
they can’t be our friends
d)
dogs bark when an earthquake starts
Whether they are needy, lonely or trained for a specific 10 task, dogs are an important part of our lives. A guide dog cannot differentiate colours but it can tell when
2.
A trained dog can open a door, close a w indow or
a traffic light changes from red to green. An assistance dog a)
can bring things that a disabled person wants from it. It can
always bark
b) save its owner’s life whenever he is in danger
open a door, close a window or bring something from the 15 kitchen! A hearing dog alerts a deaf person to a ringing phone, a
c)
bring something from the kitchen
c)
help with the household
knock on the door, or a scream coming from outside. Rescue dogs are famous for their great capability to help people in need or in times of crisis. 3. 20
During World War I, a dog caught a German spy and saved the lives of many American soldiers. It caught the spy because
b) After being trained for two years
of his unfam iliar smell.
A.
2. contribute
...
d)
Because of the spy’s familiar smell
b) teach c) unknown
4. alert
...
d) handicapped
5. capability
...
e) ability
6. unfamiliar
...
f)
4.
We can’t say that trained dogs -—. a) can be friends for the old b)
can help a lot to the police
c)
sniff illegal drugs or explosives and catch the criminals
d)
are the most helpful in wars
add, help
B.
Fill in the blanks with the words from A.
1.
Mary donated to the charity which is founded for the .......................... children. We m u s t.............................. our children againsf alcohol
4.
and drug use. The man had a (n )..........................face so I didn't open the door. Jackie ..............................some money to restore the old
5.
house. H is .......................... to imitate the accents of different
6.
In a traffic accident
a) warn
3. disabled
3.
c)
Match the words with their synonyms.
1. train
2.
— a dog saved the lives o f many American soldiers. a) During World War I
people was really amazing. My mother has b e en..........................teachers for many years and giving them a certificate.
D.
Find out if the follow ing statements are True o r False according to the passage.
1.........
Trained dogs can help
people in many ways.
2.........
A trained dog can find
the criminal.
3.........
A guide dog can make the life of a handicapped person easy.
4.........
Because dogs know colours, they can tell when a traffic light changes from red to green.
Time recommended : 25 min
30-B THE OTTOMANS AND OSMAN BEY B.
Osman Bey was bom in 1258. He was the son of Ertuğrul Gazi. He founded the Ottomans in Söğüt. In 1284 the Anatolian
1.
Seljuk Sultan recognised Osman Bey as chief of the tribe.
Fill in the blanks w ith the words from A. Albert Einstein is .................... as one of the most famous scientists in the world.
At the same time the situation in Anatolian Seljuk was very 2.
5 tragic. Because they could not resist the lihanlis attacks from
If you don’t .................... your wish to shop all the time, you will be without money soon.
Iran. In that period, Byzantium was in chaos, too. Because there
3.
were fights for the throne and the Balkan kings were attacking.
Although the e n e m y .................... for many times, they couldn’t enter the castle.
The Empire couldn’t control the tekhfurs - Greek governors
4.
10 and people were unhappy with high taxes. Osman Bey used
T h e .................... of the organization plan to take some precautions before the economic crisis comes.
the weak condition of the Byzantine and invaded the tekhfurs’ 5.
cities of Karacahisar, Bilecik, Yarhisar and İnegöl. When
In hard times, for example during wars, there is always of food and even water.
Alaaddin III, Anatolian Seljuk Sultan, saw this success, he gave the cities İnönü and Eskişehir as a present in 1289.
6.
15 When the llhanli Sultan Mahmud Gazan Han took Alaaddin
The decision to reconstruct of the roads for the disabled was a re a l......................
III to Iran and killed him, there was a lack of authority. So, the Ottoman announced the independence in 1300 and Osman Bey coined his money to ensure his authority.
(ft
In 1301, Osman Bey conquered Yenişehir and Köprühisar. 20 He made Yenişehir the Ottoman’s capital. The tekhfurs of Bursa, Orhaneli and Kestel did not want the Ottomans. So they attacked the Ottomans at Koyunhisar with the Byzantine
"n
C.
ffl 1.
Answ er the follow ing questions according to the passage. In 1 3 0 2 ,— .
Empire in 1302. It was the first war between the Byzantines a)
and the Ottomans. The war ended with the victo ry of the
Osman Bey made Yenişehir the Ottoman’s capital
b) the tekhfur of Bursa gave his city to Osman Bey
25 Ottomans. Then the tekhfur of Bursa gave his city in 1326 to Orhan Bey, the son of Osman Bey.
c)
Osman Bey died in 1326. His tomb is in Bursa at Gümüşlü
the Byzantines and the Ottomans attacked each other for the first time
d) the Ottoman Empire was founded
Kümbet.
2.
A t the tim e of Osman Bey, — . a)
the Anatolian Seljuk were attacked by the tekhfurs
b) the Ottomans lacked authority A.
Match the w ords with th e ir synonyms.
1.
recognize
a) bear, oppose
2.
resist
b) accept
3. attack
c) shortage
4.
d) invade
governor
5. lack
e) success, triumph
6.
f)
victory
leader, ruler
c)
there were troubles in both Seljuks and Byzantium
d) the Ottomans settled in Bursa
3.
Osman Bey invaded the tekhfurs’ cities because a)
the situation in Byzantium was weak
b)
he wanted Eskişehir as a present
c)
there was no army.
d)
lihanlis attacked before him
Time recom m ended: 25 min
31-A SHADOW PLAYS Shadow plays are a kind of puppet show. Different types
C.
W rite the noun form o f the follow ing verbs.
of puppets can be used for a show. The actor who performs with puppets is called puppeteer. He operates these little
Verb
models of a person or animal against a thin screen made of
operate
Noun
move
5 silk or cotton. Strong light shines on the screen from behind and above. The audiences sit on the other side of the screen.
create
In this way, they can see only the moving parts of the puppets.
present base
One kind of puppet which is a simple figure is used especially for shadow plays. Such puppets are popular in Asia. Puppeteer 10 can operate their movable parts with sticks made of bamboo or animal horn.
Fill in the blanks w ith the verb o r noun form s o f the w ords from C.
The Chinese and Turks created coloured shadows on the screen by dyeing the leather figures.
Steward introduced him as the director of the rescue
In Indonesia, a popular puppet show which is called 15 ‘'wayong kulit” (leather puppets) presents plays that are based on Hindu myths. People enjoy the show so much that
2.
This scientific expedition is .................... on the data
3.
Y o u r.................... on W oolf’s life and works was really
which has been acquired by Pitt.
they go on watching it till dawn.
worth listening to. A.
Match the w ords with the ir synonyms.
1. operate
.....
a)
sparkle
E.
Answ er the fo llow ing questions according to the passage.
1.
A puppet is a . a) part of thin screen
2.
shine
b)
display
3.
audience
c)
perform
b)
little model of a person or animal
4.
stick
d)
colour
c)
simple figure of bamboo or animal
e)
make
d) figure which is used for teaching
f)
wooden tool, cane
g)
spectator
5.
create
6. dye 7.
B. 1.
present
The Chinese and Turks produced a new way of shadow plays by -— . a) painting the leather figures
Fill in the blanks with the words from A.
b) sitting behind the screen
Adam is the only man who c a n .................... this huge machine.
2. 3.
5.
d)
operating movable parts of the puppets
The National Theatre w ill......................“The Merchant of 3.
Because people in Indonesia love the puppet show,
I couldn’t recognize her because s h e .................... her hair.
a)
they name it “wayong kulit"
During the concert th e ......................danced and enjoyed
b)
it lasts until the sun shines
c)
puppeteers present it with Hindu music
d)
Hindu names are used for puppets
themselves. 6.
using sticks made of an animal horn
My grandmother uses a .............................while walking. Venice" soon.
4.
c)
Please turn the light off. It Is ....................right in my eyes.
Time recom m ended: 25 min
31-B GINGER: THE NEW WONDER Many Indian grandmothers have always used ginger as
3.
The drug has some side effects which are not written in
an essential part of their kitchens and also medicine boxes.
the prospectus so the patients will, soon, sue the company
However, Westerners have learnt about the wonderful qualities
th a t.................... it.
of it recently. Now they think that ginger is an influential
4.
5 medicine against nausea.
Don’t try t o .................... me to buy you a tablet PC. We bought your desktop only three months ago!
It was thought in India that the juice squeezed from ginger 5.
and mixed with lime juice is perfect if you feel like vomiting.
Fast food trend is n o t .................. to me. I always prefer home-made ones since they are more healthy and
Generally sick people particularly children don't like, even
delicious.
hate medicines. Because the taste of the ginger mixture is 10 also not appealing, sugar is often advisable. Then you can
6.
persuade your child or the person who doesn’t feel well by
As a parent, I must certainly know who a r e .................... in my child’s life.
saying that this is not a medicine but a sweet syrup!
7.
Nowadays scientists from Britain are studying on the effect
It is absolutely .................... that you should give up blaming yourself all the time and gain your self-confidence
of the spice on various types of nausea such as seasickness
again.
15 and sickness that is caused by the treatm ent of cancer. 8.
Fortunately, these studies have begun to show results. The
I always prefer freshly................... orange juice for breakfast.
people who were given a tablet of the ginger’s juice every day felt much better than the people who took conventional medicine. 20
When all these studies come to the conclusion that ginger
@ y. C"_ i;r> M
C.
Answ er the follow ing questions according passage.
1.
In India, — .
is an ideal solution, companies will manufacture it as a herbal
a)
medicine.
A.
r-
b)
S O
d)
Match the w ords w ith their synonym s.
1.
essential
....
a) press out liquid
o
influential
„...
b) attractive, enticing
3.
squeeze
....
c)
convince
4.
appealing
....
d)
medical care, cure
....
e) produce, make necessary
c)
persuade
6.
treatment
....
f)
7.
conventional
....
g) powerful, important
8.
manufacture
herbal
grandmothers have manufactured the ginger medicine nausea is the most common type of sickness people used ginger as a medicine before Westerners
;:;j
::i
2.
A sic k person -—.
j
a)
generally hates the taste of ginger mixture but likes the taste of conventional medicine
j
b)
if he is a child, should squeeze ginger and mix it with lime juice
c)
who vomits very often should consult an Indian grandmother
)
5.
medicine boxes are full of ginger and medicines
to the
j
d)
may not like the taste of the ginger mixture so sugar recommended to be put In it
h) usual, standard \
! B.
Fill in the blanks w ith the words from A.
1......................... medicine is gradually replaced by herbal medicine especially among people in cities. 2.
The last .................. of the girl took three months but unfortunately It did not help.
3.
Nowadays — .
i ;
a)
Scientists In Britain are trying to prove the effect of ginger on patients with different types of Illnesses
; :
b)
manufactures are studying on the relations between the ginger and the cancer treatment
i '
c)
unfortunately the results of the studies on spices are not hopeful
; i
d)
patients who took a tablet of ginger all recovered In a short time
Time recommended : 25 min
32 VOCABULARY REVIEW A. 1.
9.
C h o o s e th e b e s t a n s w e r. Our team won a(n) — against our rival fo r the first tim e last week. a) equipment c)
audience
c)
Hydrogenized oils are the food which we — heart
complain about
d)
a)
move
b) shine
c)
contribute
d)
The drama about a m iserable young man is —- a
i’i :' fi
threatened by
12.
d) fed on
a)
sketch
b) explorer
c)
audience
d) artifact
Thank you fo r sharing your -— tim e with me. a) valuable b) rapid
7.
struggle
a fifth in the past five years, a) recognised b) counted borrowed
The research -— that paying higher salary does not always make people happy, a)
consists
c)
indicates
b)
lies
d) tames
People know that —- caused this innocent girl to sell her belongings. a) poverty b) region c)
15.
pleasure
d)
sight
d) declined
The writer, in his book, wants to prove that life has a ; to be happy. a) climate b) purpose c)
d) wonder
Thanks to the laws, the cigarette sales have —- by
c)
manufacture
d) fussy
The ability to -— fam ous people made him famous in a very short time. a) sense b) imitate c)
8.
capable
d)
-
During the concert, the -— clapped loudly after each song.
c)
inherit
b) amazed at
14. 6.
brought back
The Prime M inister says our country w ill be ready to — - our ow n cars in a few years. a) count b) destroy c)
13.
5.
made away with d)
resist
true story.
c)
screams
Although water is — hydrogen and oxygen, we can’t breathe under water. a) looked forward to b) made up of c)
“3
based on
d)
blow up
Allan resigned from his firm because he said he couldn’t —- w orking fo r 12 hours a day.
a)
equipments
associate with
r* 4.
W olves can track the ir ■ ■with the ir keen sense o f smell. a) preys b) efforts c)
b)
11. 3.
gathered
d) operation
disease. a) show off c)
d)
purchased
b) victory
10. 2.
We cou ld n’t see the m ovie because all the tickets were — in advance. b) operated a) searched
16.
victim
d) abundance
We cannot -— war if they threaten our honour, lands and lives. a)
seem
c)
attract
•
b)
ruin
d)
avoid
Solve the puzzle using the clues below.
C. Unscram ble each word using the clues. Copy the letters in the numbered cells to other cells w ith the same number. Find out the message! 1. VAYR
■ f lf lf l f l f l f lf lf l f l ■ ■ ___________________ ■
5
2. KACRC 8 3. RINTA 12
p ■■■■■■ m i
=
4. WEHLO 3
f
m
ü
■
■
■
■
m
,
m
5. REESEV
■
14
!■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
■ ______Ji ■ H H IM H IH
m
26
6. MEODLS 19
SB fl HBBBBB fl
fl
__________ ■ f lf lf l f l f l f l
■!
7. REEOVWH ©> M w
8. SACTOSAIE 20
m
9. RYPE
6 24
■
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10. HEACS
l i f l f l f l
23 7
22
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