Windows 1.0 Y 10

 

Pgkhmws 3.>

Pgkhmws 3.> luj jo prgejr prm`rcec `rãim hj 3< fgts, hjscrrmoochm pmr Egirmsm y ockzchm jo 6> hj kmvgjefrj hj 372:, sgjkhm ukm hj oms prgejrms sgstjecs `rãims hgsjóchms. Luj jo prgejr gktjktm hj Egirmsm hj gepojejktcr uk cefgjktj mpjrcvm euotuhgkcrgm imk gktjrlcz hj usucrgm `rãic jk oc poctclmrec hj ^I. Pgkhmws 3.>3 luj oc prgejrc vjrsgùk hj jstj prmhuitm. Imstcfc 77 hùocrjs y sj rjqujråc ukc imeputchmrc quj tuvgjrc uk eåkgem hj 96> af hj ejemrgc VCE, ukc tcrdjtc `rãic y ukc ukghch hj hgsqujtj (pcrc gkstcocr jk hgsqujtj, sj rjqujråck rj qujråck hms ukghchjs) Bgstmrgc hjo prmhuitm

Jstj prmhuitm hctc hj 3723 sj rjcogzù iuckhm Egirmsm gkgigù uk prmyjitm oocechm Gktjrlcijs Eckc`jr, iuyc ghjc mrg`gkco oj imrrjspmkhj c Fgoo @ctjs y sj fcsù jk ukc cpogicigùk hj gktjrlcz `rãim hj usucrgm hjkmegkchc \gsgMK.9 Jo kmefrj mrg`gkco hjo prmyjitm luj vgstm imem euy pmim imejrigco, pmr om iuco sj tjregkù hjsjibckhm, y sgjkhm rjjepoczchm pmr jo kmefrj hj Egirmsm Pgkhmws. Luj prjsjktchm co pôfogim hj eckjrc migco jo 3> hj kmvgjefrj hj 3729. Jk oc icdc czuo sj ckukigcfc uk ^I imk oc gktjrlcz `rãic hj Pgkhmws, imk vcrgcs vjktckcs pj`chcs ukcs c mtrcs. Oc jstrctj`gc hj vjktc hj Egirmsm pcrc Pgkhmws jrc prmpmrigmkcr uk kujvm cefgjktj hj hjscrrmoom y uk kujvm jktmrkm hj smwcrj jk jo quj sj uogzck geã`jkjs hj ecpc hj fgts y uk rctùk, ogfjrckhm cså co usucrgm hjo eçtmhm EY-HMY quj imksgsc jk jsirgfgr imeckhms jk jo gkhgichmr hjo hgsim (I4_) Jo ockzcegjktm hj oc prgejrc vjrsgùk hj Pgkhmws 3.>, quj sj pjkscfc hjscrrmoocr jk sjgs ejsjs, tcrhù hms cóms jk vjr oc ouz, pmr om quj jk su emejktm sj om ohù hj vcpmrwcrj.8 Cukquj jrc ejdmr quj jo yc imkmighm EY-HMY, yc quj jrc j rc eãs sgepoj y mlrjiåc ejkms imepogicigmkjs, Pgkhmws 3.> km luj ukc `rck ejdmrc yc quj km bcfåc gimkms pcrc oms jdjiutcfojs m `rupms hj prm`rcec, km tjkåc smpmrtj rjco pcrc euotcrjc, jti. Chjeãs sj`uåc jdjiutãkhmsj imem ukc cpogicigùk pcrc jo EY-HMY pmr om quj uscfc jo sgstjec hj EY-HMY jk jo j o lmkhm. ^cktcooc czuo Icpturc hj pcktcooc czuo. Oc pcktcooc czuo jk Pgkhmws 3.>. Oc prgejrc pcktcooc czuo hj Pgkhmws cpcrjigù jk Pgkhmws 3.>3 Jstc pcktcooc (czuo, imk uk iursmr fockim) cpcrjiåc sg Pgkhmws km pmhåc crrckicr imrrjitcejktj, y sg sj prmhuiåc uk jrrmr `rcvj jk oc icr`c hjo sgstjec mpjrcvm m hjo EY-HMY.

 

\jrsgmkjs

Egirmsm Pgkhmws 3.>3 (luj oc prgejrc vjrsgùk ockzchc, yc quj oc 3.>> tuvm uk lcoom gepmrtcktj y luj rjrchc rãpghcejktj) trcdm gkioughm uk chegkgstrchmr hj cribgvms, icoiuochmrc, icojkhcrgm, tcrdjtjrm, rjomd, ogfrjtc hj cpuktjs y jeuochmr hj tjregkco. Yj hgstrgfuåc jk : hgsqujtjs hj :¿ hj 9 AF4

  Gkstcocigùk, Jstruiturc, Zoghchjs, Zoghchjs, Cpogicigmkjs Cpogicigmkjs y Hgsim hjo prm`rcec ^rm`rcec Prgtj.

Xjkåc smpmrtj pcrc co`ukms hgspmsgvms cpuktchmrjs, pcrc vghjms I@C, Xcrdjtcs Bçriuojs y J@C, y smpmrtj pcrc corjhjhmr hj 37 emhjoms hj geprjsmrcs.

Egirmsm Pgkhmws 3.>6 jstuvm hgspmkgfoj jo 6> hj kmvgjefrj hj 372: jk lmrec hj citucogzcigùk. Egirmsm km jspjigiù ukc vjrsgùk, pjrm pmhåc sjr imksghjrchc oc 3.>6. Oc vjktcdc hj jstc vjrsgùk smfrj su prjhjijsmrc luj quj jstc vjrsgùk supjrù oc fcrrjrc hj oms Af. Yj hgstrgfuåc jk < hgsqujtjs hj :¿ hj 9 AF4

  Gkstcocigùk, Jstruiturc, Zoghchjs, Zoghchjs, Cpogicigmkjs, Cpogicigmkjs, Lujktjs y Hg Hgsim sim hjo prm`rcec ^rm`rcec ^rm`rcec Prgtj.

Egirmsm Pgkhmws 3.>9 luj ockzchm jo 67 hj c`mstm hj 3726. Jo «sgstjec jktjrm± gkstcochm supjrcfc og`jrcejktj oms 6 EF. Jstc vjrsgùk smpmrtcfc hgljrjktjs hgstrgfuigmkjs hj tjiochm (hj 6< pcåsjs), ukc vcrgjhch hj hgspmsgvms hj jktrchc, I@C/J@C y 6: emhjoms hj geprjsmrcs (gkiouyjkhm smpmrtj pcrc eôopojs geprjsmrcs). Ocs cpogicigmkjs jrck eãs m ejkms g`ucojs quj jk jo 3.>6, imk co`ukc quj mtrc ejdmrc. Xcefgçk imrråc fcdm jo EY-HMY 9.6. Yj hgstrgfuåc jk oms egsems < hgsqujtjs hj :¿ hj 9 AF, jxcitcejktj g`ucojs c oms hj oc vjrsgùk 3.>6.

 

Egirmsm Pgkhmws 3.>8 luj ockzchc jk cfrgo hj 3720, y cóchgù smpmrtj pcrc oms chcptchmrjs `rãims \@C hjo kujvm mrhjkchmr GFE ^Y/6. Co egsem jepm, Egirmsm j GFE ckukigcrmk oc cpcrgigùk hj MY/6 y su gktjrlcz `rãic ^rjsjktcmk Eckc`jr hj MY/6, quj sj supmkåc quj sustugråc tcktm c EY-HMY imem Pgkhmws. Yj hgstrgfuåc jk 0 hgsqujtjs hj :¿ hj 9 AF4   Gkstcocigùk, Jstruiturc, Zoghchjs, Zoghchjs, Lujktjs, Cpogicigmkjs, Hgsim hjo prm`rcec ^rm`rcec Prgtj, y Imktrmochmrjs hj Geprjsmrc. W tcefgçk sj hgstrgfuåc jk 9 hgsqujtjs hjo kujvm jstãkhcr , 9µ hj 06> AF4 Gkstcocigùk/Jstruiturc, Zoghchjs/Lujktjs, y Cpogicigmkjs/^rm`rcec Prgtj. Lgk hjo prmhuitm Egirmsm Pgkhmws 3.> luj sustughm jk kmvgjefrj hj 3720, imk jo ockzcegjktm hj Pgkhmws 6.>. Pgkhmws 3.> tuvm smpmrtj hj Egirmsm hurcktj hgjigsçgs cóms, bcstc jo 93 hj hgigjefrj hj 6>>3, y tuvm ukc hj ocs eãs ocr`cs vghcs hjktrm hj oms sgstjecs mpjrcvms hj Egirmsm. Vjljrjkigcs

bp4//suppmrt.egirmsm.ime/`p/ogljmfsmojtjprmhuits#Pgkhm bp4//suppmrt.egirmsm. ime/`p/ogljmfsmojtjprmhuits#Pgkhmws ws Cribgvchm jo 38 hj c`mstm hj 6>>: jk oc Pcyfcia Ecibgkj. «PGKHMPY 3.>, JO ^VM@VCEC SZJ BGTM XCEFCOJCV C EGIVMYMLX±. Imksuotchm jo 33 hj mitufrj hj 6>30. «9> cóms hj Pgkhmws 3.>4 uk pcsjm pmr oc vjrsgùk quj om jepjzù tmhm±. Imksuotchm jo 33 hj mitufrj hj 6>30.   Oc bgstmrg bgstmrgc c hj Pgkhmws jk jo sgm wjf hj Egirmsm.   Lujktj4 bps4//wjf.cribgvj.mr`/wjf/6>>:336:33823:/bp4//www.ajrkjotbrjch.ime/eci/vpi/wgk.bteo (ciijhghm jo 6 hj ecym hj 6>>0).

 

Pgkhmws 3> js jo cituco sgstjec mpjrcvm hjscrrmoochm pmr Egirmsm imem pcrtj hj oc lcegogc hj sgstjecs mpjrcvms Pgkhmws KX.0 Luj hchm c imkmijr migcoejktj jk sjpjefrj hj 6>38, sj`ughm pmr ukc frjvj prjsjktcigùk hj hjemstrcigùk jk oc imkljrjkigc Fugoh 6>38. Jktrù jk lcsj fjtc hj prujfc jk mitufrj hj 6>38 y luj ockzchm co pôfogim jk `jkjrco jo 67 hj dduogm uogm hj 6>3:.2

^crc ckgecr su chmpigùk, Egirmsm ckukigù su hjsicr`c `rctugtc pmr uk cóm hjshj su ljibc hj ockzcegjktm, pcrc oms usucrgms quj imktcsjk imk i mk impgcs `jkugkcs hj Pgkhmws 0 (Y^3) m Pgkhmws 2.3 Zphctj. Jk duogm hj 6>3: sj bcfgogtù ukc bjrrcegjktc quj pjregc rjsjrvcr jstc j stc citucogzcigùk1 hgibc bjrrcegjktc kmicfc c ichc usucrgm jo emejktm jk jo quj jstcråc ogstc oc hjsicr`c hj oc citucogzcigùk pcrc su hgspmsgvm, pcrc cså gkstcocr oc imepgocigùk 3>68>, oc prgejrc vjrsgùk jstcfoj ogfjrchc.7 Oms pcrigpcktjs jk jo prm`rcec Pgkhmws Gksghjr pmhåck rjigfgr ukc ogijkigc hj Pgkhmws 3>, pjrm imk igjrtcs imkhgigmkjs, jktrj joocs quj su sgstjec mpjrcvm gkstcochm (0, 2 u 2.3) lujsj oj`åem.3>

Jstc jhgigùk gktrmhudm ukc crqugtjiturc hj cpogicigmkjs «ukgvjrscojs±. Hjscrrmoochcs imk oc gktjrlcz Imkkuue y, pmstjrgmrejktj, imk oc gktjrlcz Loujkt Hjsg`k, jstcs cpogicigmkjs pujhjk sjr hgsjóchcs pcrc jdjiutcrsj jk tmhcs ocs lcegogcs hj prmhuitms hj Egirmsm imk uk iùhg`m icsg ghçkim (gkiouyjkhm imeputchmrcs pjrsmkcojs, tcfojtcs, tjoçlmkms gktjog`jktjs, sgstjecs jefjfghms, Rfmx Mkj, Yurlcij Buf y BmomOjks). Oc gktjrlcz hj usucrgm luj rjvgschc pcrc rjcogzcr trcksgigmkjs jktrj ukc gktjrlcz mrgjktchc co rctùk y ukc gktjrlcz mrgjktchc c oc pcktcooc tãio fcschcs jk hgspmsgvms hj jktrchc hgspmkgfojs (pcriuocrejktj jk tcfojtcs). Cefcs gktjrlcijs gkiouyjk uk ejkô Gkgigm citucogzchm quj imeprjkhj uk hgsjóm ejziochm hj Pgkhmws 0 imk jo hgsjóm ejtrm hj Pgkhmws 2. Xcefgçk sj gktrmhuij oc \gstc hj Xcrjcs, uk sgstjec hj jsirgtmrgm vgrtuco, jo kcvj`chmr wjf Egirmsm Jh`j y mtrcs cpogicigmkjs kujvcs m citucogzchcs, uk smpmrtj gktj`rchm pcrc gkgigcr sjsgùk c trcvçs hj bujooc hg`gtco m rjimkmigegjktm lcigco oocechm Pgkhmws Bjoom, kujvcs icrcitjråsics hj sj`urghch pcrc jktmrkms jeprjscrgcojs, HgrjitR 36 y PHHE 6.> pcrc ejdmrcr ocs icpcighchjs `rãics hjo sgstjec mpjrcvm pcrc oms vghjmduj`ms.

Egirmsm hjsirgfgù c Pgkhmws 3> tcktm uk sgstjec mpjrcvm imem uk sjrvgigm quj pujhj rjigfgr citucogzcigmkjs jk iursm pcrc sus icrcitjråsics y lukigmkcoghchjs, chjeãs imk oc bcfgoghch jk oms jktmrkms jeprjscrgcojs pcrc rjigfgr citucogzcigmkjs km iråics jk uk rgtem eãs ojktm, m uk smpmrtj c ocr`m poczm quj smom rjigfj citucogzcigmkjs iråics, tcojs imem pcribjs hj sj`urghch, sj` urghch, jk jo iursm hj vghc hj igkim cóms hj smpmrtj `jkjrco. Xjrry Eyjrsmk, vgijprjsghjktj jdjiuvm hj Pgkhmws ckh Hjvgijs @rmup hj Pgkhmws, hjemstrù quj ocs ejtcs hj jstj emhjom luj rjhuigr oc lrc`ejktcigùk jk tmhc oc poctclmrec hj Pgkhmws, imem Egirmsm prjtjkhåc tjkjr Pgkhmws 3> gkstcochm jk co ejkms ego egoomkjs hj hgspmsgvms jk oms hms m trjs cóms hjspuçs hj su ockzcegjktm.33

 

Pgkhmws 3>

Pgkhmws 3> rjigfgù rjsjócs `jkjrcoejktj pmsgvcs jk jo håc hj su ockzcegjktm. Oms iråims jom`gcrmk oc hjigsgùk hj Egirmsm hj rjrcr oc gktjrlcz hj usucrgm gktrmhuighm pmr Pgkhmws 2 (gkiouyjkhm ocs cpogicigmkjs c pcktcooc imepojtc y oc pcktcooc Gkgigm)36 jk uk jktmrkm km tãio pcrc prmpmrigmkcr ukc gktjrlcz eãs mrgjktchm co jsirgtmrgm jk oc egsec oåkjc hj ocs vjrsgmkjs cktjrgmrjs hj Pgkhmws, cukquj oc gktjrlcz hj usucrgm hj mrgjktcigùk tãio luj irgichc pmr imktjkjr rj`rjsgmkjs bcigc oc gktjrlcz hj Pgkhmws 2. Oms iråims tcefgçk jom`gcrmk ocs ejdmrcs pcrc jo smwcrj prmemigmkco hj Pgkhmws 3> smfrj 2.3, oc gktj`rcigùk hj Rfmx Ogvj, cså imem oc lukigmkcoghch y icpcighchjs hj Imrtckc y oc sustuigùk hj Gktjrkjt Jxpomrjr imk Egirmsm Jh`j (cukquj jo kcvj`chmr luj irgichm pmr jkimktrcrsj côk, jk jstchm hj hjscrrmoom).3938 hjscrrmoom).39 38 Oc ecymr pcrtj hj oc iråic icyù smfrj ocs ogegtcigmkjs jk jo usucrgm pcrc imktrmocr co`ukcs mpjrcigmkjs. Jk jstj icsm, Pgkhmws Zphctj gkstcoc ocs citucogzcigmkjs cutmeãicejktj. Yj rjpmrtù ukc citucogzcigùk jrrùkjc, imk jo iùhg`m AF9>23868 ockzchc jk c`mstm hj 6>3:, quj prmvmicfc uk jrrmr jk jo rj`gstrm, jstm puhm sjr prjvjkghm lãigoejktj pmr jo usucrgm, pjrm co km jstcr hgspmkgfoj hgibc lukigùk, prmvmiù emojscs jktrj oms usucrgms cljitchms.3: Hjshj oc VXE ockzchc jk 6>3: bcstc oc vjrsgùk 32>7 hj mitufrj hj 6>32, smom oms usucrgms hj ocs jhgigmkjs ^rm y Jktjrprgsj pmhåck pcuscr oc gkstcocigùk hj jstc y mtrcs citucogzcigmkjs1 sgk jefcr`m, jk oc vjrsgùk 37>9 hj ecym hj 6>37 oc mpigùk pcrc pcuscrocs ooj`ù c oms usucrgms hj oc jhgigùk Bmej. ^rjmiupcigmkjs pmr oc prgvcighch tcefgçk lujrmk ejkigmkchcs pmr iråims y hjljksmrjs co vjr quj oms cdustjs pmr hjljitm pjregtjk jo jkvåm hj gklmrecigùk smfrj jo usucrgm c Egirmsm y sus smigms. Pgkhmws 3> eujstrc pufogighch jk vcrgcs cpogicigmkjs imem jo jxpomrchmr hj cribgvms y oc pcktcooc hj fomqujm, co`m quj euibc `jktj imksghjrc gkcijptcfoj. ^rgejrms ckukigms Hj ciujrhm c su sgm wjf, Egirmsm imkvmiù c oms ejhgms hj imeukgicigùk c uk jvjktm pcrc jo 9> hj sjpjefrj hj 6>38 jk jo j o quj emstrù uk cvckij hj Pgkhmws 3>, iuym kmefrj jk iocvj js js Xbrjsbmoh. Oc pã`gkc yc bcfåc chjocktchm c imegjkzms i megjkzms hj jsj cóm quj Egirmsm ockzcråc migcoejktj oc kujvc `jkjrcigùk hj oc poctclmrec jk cfrgo hj 6>3:. Yj`ôk otrcigmkjs hj Gktjrkjt, hgibc jhgigùk prjogegkcr hjo sgstjec gkiouåc uk kujvm ejkô Gkgigm (ukc imefgkcigùk hj Pgkhmws 0 imk oc gktjrlcz Emhjrk ZG), icefgms jk co`ukms gimkms hjo sgstjec, ijktrm hj kmicigmkjs, ukc kujvc gktjrlcz, jsirgtmrgms eôopojs, ukc kujvc rjvgsgùk hj Gktjrkjt Jxpomrjr 33, ukc cpogicigùk hj rjpmrtj hj jrrmrjs j rrmrjs (pcrc oms usucrgms hj Pgkhmws Gksghjr) y oc pmsgfgoghch hj jdjiutcr cpogicigmkjs Emhjrk ZG jk vjktckcs.37

Jo 9> hj sjpjefrj hj 6>38, Egirmsm prjsjktù kcoejktj jo sgstjec mpjrcvm imk jo kmefrj hj Pgkhmws 3>, sgjkhm jo prgejrm hurcktj jo pjrgmhm hj Yctyc Kchjooc imem IJM hj oc jeprjsc.6>

 

Jhgigmkjs prjogegkcrjs Jo 3 hj mitufrj hj 6>38, Egirmsm ogfjrù ukc vjrsgùk prjogegkcr hj Pgkhmws 3> jk su sgm wjf, imk hgspmkgfgoghch jk igkim ghgmecs. Hgibc imepgocigùk jstuvm hgrg`ghc smom c oms cigmkchms y usucrgms hj oc jeprjsc. Km mfstcktj, Egirmsm pocktjù ckukigcr icrcitjråsics mrgjktchcs co imksueghmr y mtrms hjtcoojs smfrj jo sgstjec mpjrcvm hurcktj sus sg`ugjktjs jvjktms, oms iucojs sj oojvcrmk c icfm jo 63 hj jkjrm hj 6>3: y jk oc iimkljrjkigc mkljrjkigc ckuco Fugoh. Jo 69 hj jkjrm hj 6>3:, sj ogfjrù oc imepgocigùk 7764 Xbj Kjxt Ibcptjr.63 Cooå C ooå sj prjsjktcrmk hgvjrscs kmvjhchjs imem jo kcvj`chmr Ypcrtck (eãs tcrhj rjkmefrchm imem Egirmsm Jh`j), Imrtckc, HgrjitR 36, ukc jkhc rjkmvchc (citucoejktj imkmighc imem Egirmsm Ytmrj), uk kujvm tjec hj jsirgtmrgm y uk ijktrm hj kmicigmkjs ejdmrchm, cså imem su hgspmkgfgoghch jk 6: ghgmecs gkiouyjkhm co jspcómo imk sus vcrgcktjs. Jo 7 hj cfrgo hj 6>3:, sj ckukigù quj Egirmsm tjkåc prmpujstm ockzcr jk 6>3< ukc citucogzcigùk pùstuec hj Pgkhmws 3> imk kmefrj jk iocvj Vjhstmkj.66 Jk ecym, sj ogfjrcrmk hgvjrscs citucogzcigmkjs cutmeãics hj Pgkhmws Zphctj pcrc lukigmkcoghchjs hj eg`rcigùk c Pgkhmws 3>.69 Hgibms prmijsms sj jspjigicråck rjigçk c pcrr hj dukgm. \jrsgùk imejrigco Pgkhmws3>cfstrcit.pk` Hgsjóm hj Pgkhmws 3> Jo 3 hj dukgm hj 6>3:, Egirmsm bcfgogtù oc bjrrcegjktc @jt Pgkhmws 3>, oc iuco pjregtj rjsjrvcr oc citucogzcigùk c Pgkhmws 3> hjshj hgspmsgvms imk Pgkhmws 0 y Pgkhmws 2.3, cså imem jljitucr uk ckãogsgs hj imepcfgoghch `jkjrco hjo jqugpm.68 C pcrr hj duogm, sj jepjzcrmk c ogfjrcr vjrsgmkjs ickhghctcs c oc vjrsgùk kco.6: Jo 3: hj duogm, Egirmsm ockzù oc imepgocigùk 3>68> pcrc oms usucrgms hjo prm`rcec Pgkhmws Gksghjr.6< Oc vjrsgùk imejrigco scogù c oc vjktc jo 67 hj duogm hj 6>3:.60 Icrcitjråsics Zkm hj oms cspjitms eãs gepmrtcktjs hj Pgkhmws 3> js jo jklmquj jk oc cremkgzcigùk hj jxpjrgjkigcs hj usucrgm y lukigmkcoghch jktrj hgljrjktjs pms hj hgspmsgvms, chjeãs hj cfmrhcr ocs hjigjkigcs jk oc ZG hj Pgkhmws quj sj gktrmhudm pmr prgejrc vjz jk Pgkhmws 2. Imkkuckhm imk jstj pctrùk, jo suijsmr hj Pgkhmws ^bmkj 2.3 prjsjktchm jk jo egsem jvjktm tcefgçk sj icogic imem Pgkhmws 3> Emfgoj, y imepcrrã co`ukms jojejktms hj oc gktjrlcz hj usucrgm y ocs cpogicigmkjs imk su bmeùom`m hj ^I.62 Jo jimsgstjec hj Egirmsm Ytmrj sj bc jklmichm jk jo j o hjscrrmoom hj cpogicigmkjs ukgvjrscojs, ocs iucojs jstãk bjibcs pcrc lukigmkcr c trcvçs hj eôopojs poctclmrecs y hgspmsgvms, gkiouyjkhm tjoçlmkms gktjog`jktjs, tcfojtcs, Rfmx Mkj y mtrms hgspmsgvms imepcfojs imk Pgkhmws 3>. Ocs

 

cpps hj Pgkhmws imepcrtjk iùhg`ms sgegocrjs jk sus poctclmrecs rjspjivcs, jkjk uk hgsjóm wjf chcptcfoj c ocs kjijsghchjs j gksuems hjo jqugpm quj oms jdjiutc, pujhjk sgkirmkgzcr hctms jktrj hgspmsgvms quj jdjiutjk Pgkhmws 3> (gkiouyjkhm kmicigmkjs, irjhjkigcojs y jo emhm euodu`chmr pcrc Rfmx) y sjrãk hgstrgfughcs jk ukc ôkgic jkhc.67 Oms hjscrrmoochmrjs pujhjk pjregr irmss-fuys, hmkhj ocs ogijkigcs chqugrghcs pcrc ukc cpogicigùk sj cpogick c tmhms oms hgspmsgvms imepcfojs hj uk egsem usucrgm, jk ou`cr hj cpogicrsj smocejktj jk jo hgspmsgvm hmkhj sj om chqugrgù. Hgibm jk mtrcs pcocfrcs, sg uk usucrgm imeprc ukc cpogicigùk pcrc ^I, tcefgçk jkj hjrjibm c uogzcr oc vjrsgùk pcrc tjoçlmkm gktjog`jktj sgk imstm chgigmkco.9>93 Pgkhmws 3> tcefgçk pjregrã quj ocs cpogicigmkjs wjf y jo smwcrj hj jsirgtmrgm (ejhgcktj jo usm hj Pgkhmws C^G m Egirmsm .KJX) sj jepcqujtjk pcrc su hgstrgfuigùk jk Egirmsm Ytmrj. Jo smwcrj hj jsirgtmrgm hgstrgfughm ejhgcktj oc jkhc sjrã prm`rcechm uogzckhm jo sgstjec Cpp-\, imk oc kcoghch hj pjregr sckhfmxgk` m cgsocegjktm hj prmijsms.9699 ZG y Jsirgtmrgm Pgkhmws 3> jstã hgsjóchm pcrc chcptcr oc gktjrlcz hj usucrgm jk jo pm hj hgspmsgvm quj jstã sgjkhm uogzchm y oms eçtmhms hj jktrchc hgspmkgfojs. Mlrjij hms emhms hj gktjrlcz hj usucrgm hgljrjktjs4 uk emhm tcfojtc mpegzchm pcrc su usm imk pcktcoocs tãiojs, y ukm mpegzchm pcrc jo rctùk y jo tjiochm. Oc kujvc gktjrlcz hjkmegkchc Imkkuue mlrjij ukc icrcitjråsic quj icefgc cutmeãicejktj sg jo usucrgm jog`j oc pmsgfgoghch hj cotjrkcr jktrj oms hms emhms jk oms emejktms cprmpgchms, pmr jdjepom, iuckhm sj hjsimkjitc jo tjiochm hj ukc tcfojtc m uk mrhjkchmr pmrtão imkvjrfoj sj icefgc c su imk`urcigùk hj tcfojtc, y vgijvjrsc.

Jo ejkô Gkgigm bc sghm rjhgsjóchm hjshj ijrm, imk ukc ogstc hj cpogicigmkjs y mtrcs mpigmkjs jk jo jo ochm gzqugjrhm y oms ogvj ojs m czuojdms jk jo ochm hjrjibm. Yj pujhj icefgcr su tcecóm y jxpckhgrsj jk pcktcooc imepojtc imem sj rjcogzcfc jk Pgkhmws 2, quj js oc mpigùk pmr hjljitm jk jktmrkms tãiojs.98 Chjeãs, sj bc gepojejktchm oc \gstc hj tcrjcs, quj pjregtj `jsmkcr oms kujvms jsirgtmrgms vgrtucojs. Co bcijr iogi jk jstj fmtùk hjshj oc Fcrrc hj Xcrjcs m hjsogzckhm hjshj jo ochm gzqugjrhm hj oc pcktcooc, sj eujstrck tmhcs ocs vjktckcs cfgjrtcs y pjregtj c oms usucrgms cotjrkcr jktrj ocs egsecs m icefgcr jktrj eôopojs jspcigms hj trcfcdm. Ocs cpogicigmkjs hj Egirmsm Ytmrj quj cktjs smom pmhåck uogzcrsj jk emhm hj pcktcooc imepojtc, cbmrc tcefgçk sj pujhjk uogzcr imem vjktckcs hj jsirgtmrgm. Oc imkstruiigùk gktjrkc hj jstcs cpogicigmkjs js cbmrc hgljrjktj yc quj jo kôiojm js ukgvjrsco y lukigmkck jk iucoqugjr pcktcooc. Oms prm`rcecs hj Pgkhmws cbmrc sj pujhjk jkicdcr c iuchrcktjs hj oc pcktcooc crrcstrãkhmoms bcigc ukc hjtjregkchc jsqugkc. Iuckhm ukc vjktckc km jkicdc jk uk ochm hj oc pcktcooc, sj smogigtc co usucrgm joj`gr ukc sj`ukhc vjktckc pcrc oojkcr oc pcrtj km uogzchc hj oc pcktcooc (hjkmegkchm Ykcp Cssgst). Oms gimkms hjo sgstjec tcefgçk bck sghm rjkmvchms imk uk hgsjóm eãs

 

ogepgm j gkujktj bcigc Pgkhmws Cjrm. Ocs trckspcrjkigcs cbmrc jstãk co`m eãs prjsjktjs quj cktjs, pjrm hj hgsktm emhm. Ocs mpigmkjs hj oc fcrrc octjrco hjrjibc m Ibcre hj Pgkhmws 2 sj bck jogegkchm1 su lukigmkcoghch jk ocs cpogicigmkjs hj Egirmsm Ytmrj smk ciijsgfojs hjshj uk ejkô hjkmegkchm Imeckhms hj cpogicigùk. Jk su ou`cr sj bc gepojejktchm jo Ijktrm hj civghchjs, jo iuco eujstrc kmicigmkjs eôopojs y su imk`urcigùk rjspjivc. Yj ciijhj bcigjkhm iogi jk uk gimkm jk oc fckhjdc hjo sgstjec m crrcstrckhm hjshj oc hjrjibc hj oc pcktcooc. Ocs kmicigmkjs sj pujhjk sgkirmkgzcr jktrj vcrgms hgspmsgvms. Oc cpogicigùk Imk`urcigùk hj ^I sj bc rjkmvchm y cbmrc gkiouyj eãs mpigmkjs quj cktjs jrck jxiousgvcs hjo ^ckjo hj imktrmo.9:9< Ygstjec y sj`urghch Pgkhmws 3> gkimrpmrc tjikmom`åc hj cutjkicigùk jk lcitmrjs eôopojs, fcschc jk kmrecs jocfmrchcs pmr oc cogckzc LGHM. Jo sgstjec mpjrcvm tcefgçk gkiouyj smpmrtj ejdmrchm pcrc oc cutjkicigùk fgmeçtrgic c trcvçs hj Pgkhmws Bjoom y ocs poctclmrecs hj ^csspmrt, js cså quj co`ukms hgspmsgvms imk iãecrcs smpmrtchcs (quj rjqugjrjk hj gklrcrrmdms hj gouegkcigùk) pjregrãk jo gkgigm hj sjsgùk c trcvçs hjo sjrvgigm rjimkmigegjktm lcigco, hj lmrec sgegocr co Agkjit.90 Csgegsem, oms hgspmsgvms imk sjksmr hj bujooc hg`gtco pjregrãk jo gkgigm hj sjsgùk c trcvçs hjo egsem. Ocs irjhjkigcojs sj coecijkck omicoejktj y jstãk prmtj`ghms ejhgcktj jo iglrchm csgeçtrgim. Oc poctclmrec ^csspmrt pjregrã c ocs rjhjs, smwcrj y sgms wjf vjrgicr oc ghjkhch hjo usucrgm ejhgcktj uk ^GK m uk gkgigm hj sjsgùk fgmeçtrgim, sgk oc kjijsghch hj ukc imktrcsjóc.92 ^crc oc vjrsgùk jeprjscrgco, Pgkhmws 3> Jktjrprgsj, sj mlrjij icrcitjråsics hj sj`urghch chgigmkcojs1 oms chegkgstrchmrjs pujhjk jstcfojijr kmrecvcs pcrc jo iglrchm hj hctms cutmeãim y fomqujcr sjojivcejktj ocs smogigtuhjs hj ciijsm c oms hctms iglrchms. Pgkhmws 3> tcefgçk mlrjij Hjvgij @ucrh, ukc icrcitjråsic quj pjregtj c oms chegkgstrchmrjs rjlmrzcr oc sj`urghch hj uk jspcigm hg`gtco, ejhgcktj jo fomqujm hj oc jdjiuigùk hj smwcrj quj km jstã rechm hg`gtcoejktj pmr uk prmvjjhmr hj imkckzc m Egirmsm. Hjvgij @ucrh sj jdjiutc hjktrm hj uk bgpjrvgsmr, pmr om quj pjreckjij sjpcrchm hjo sgstjec mpjrcvm.97 ^crc rjhuigr jo jspcigm hj coecijkcegjktm hjo sgstjec mpjrcvm, Pgkhmws 3> imeprgej cutmeãicejktj oms cribgvms hjo sgstjec. Jo sgstjec pujhj rjhuigr jo jspcigm hj coecijkcegjktm hj Pgkhmws cprmxgechcejktj 3.: @F pcrc sgstjecs hj 96 fgts y 6.< @F pcrc sgstjecs hj bcstc 36 @F. Jstcs lukigmkjs rjjepoczck co emhm PgeFMMX gktrmhuighm jk Pgkhmws 2.3 Zphctj, jo iuco pjregù c oms lcfrgicktjs hj jqugpms

 

imk`urcr hgspmsgvms hj fcdc icpcighch hj coecijkcegjktm fcschm jk csb, coecijkckhm oms cribgvms hj sgstjec hj Pgkhmws jk oc gec`jk imeprgeghc PGE, kmrecoejktj uogzchc hurcktj oms prmijsms hj gkstcocigùk y rjiupjrcigùk.8>8386 Pgkhmws 3> tcefgçk gkiouyj ukc lukigùk rjocigmkchc imk oc cpogicigùk Imk`urcigùk, imkmighc imem Yjksmr hj coecijkcegjktm, oc iuco pjregtj c oms usucrgms vjr hj quç lmrec oc icpcighch hj coecijkcegjktm hj su hgspmsgvm jstã sgjkhm uogzchm pmr oms hgljrjktjs pms hj cribgvms, y hjtjregkcr sg igjrtms pms hj cribgvms sj `ucrhck jk oc ejemrgc gktjrkc m ukc tcrdjtc YH hj lmrec prjhjtjregkchc.89 Yjrvgigms hj Gktjrkjt y lukigmkcoghch Jo kcvj`chmr Egirmsm Jh`j rjjepoczc c Gktjrkjt Jxpomrjr. Imrtckc js jo kujvm csgstjktj vgrtuco pcrc Pgkhmws 3>.

Pgkhmws 3> gktrmhuij uk kujvm kcvj`chmr wjf prjhjtjregkchm, Egirmsm Jh`j.39 Iujktc imk bjrrcegjktcs hj ckmtcigùk j gktj`rcigùk imk mtrcs poctclmrecs hj Egirmsm prjsjktjs jk Pgkhmws 3>. Gktjrkjt Jxpomrjr 33 sj ecktjkhrã pmr kjs hj imepcfgoghch imk cpogicigmkjs hj jsirgtmrgm, pjrm yc km js uk kcvj`chmr usuco, bcigjkhm c Jh`j imem su kcvj`chmr prjhjtjregkchm, pmr om iuco jstã jk prmijsm hj jogegkcigùk.888:

Csgegsem, Pgkhmws 3> gkimrpmrc jo csgstjktj vgrtuco hj Egirmsm, Imrtckc, jo iuco luj gktrmhuighm pmr prgejrc vjz imk Pgkhmws ^bmkj 2.3 jk jo 6>38.38 Imrtckc rjjepoczcrã oc lukigùk hj fôsqujhc gktj`rchc imk Pgkhmws, imk jo smpmrtj hj jktrchc hj vmz y tjxtm. Co`ukcs hj sus icrcitjråsics smk oc trcksljrjkigc hgrjitc hjshj Pgkhmws 3> Emfgoj, gkiouyjkhm oc gktj`rcigùk imk Fgk` y ukc lukigùk Kmtjfmma pcrc chegkgstrcr oc gklmrecigùk pjrsmkco, cså imem oc fôsqujhc hj cribgvms, cpogicigmkjs, rjimrhctmrgms y jo jkvåm hj imrrjms jojitrùkgims.8 mlrjij ecymr gktj`rcigùk imk jo jimsgstjec hj Rfmx, tjkgjkhm ukc cpogicigùk hmkhj pjregtj c oms usucrgms kcvj`cr pmr su fgfogmtjic hj duj`ms (gkiouyjkhm ^I y imksmoc hj duj`ms Rfmx) y @cej H\V tcefgçk jstã hgspmkgfoj ejhgcktj uk ctcdm hj tjiochm, om iuco pjregtj c oms usucrgms `ucrhcr oms ôoems 3> sj`ukhms hj duj`m imem uk våhjm quj sj pujhj imepcrr ejhgcktj Rfmx Ogvj, MkjHrgvj m co`ôk mtrm sjrvgigm hj rjtrcksegsgùk jk hgrjitm.82 87 Pgkhmws 3> tcefgçk pjregtj c oms usucrgms imktrmocr uk duj`m hjshj ukc imksmoc Rfmx Mkj jk ukc rjh omico.:> Zk YHA hc c oms hjscrrmoochmrjs hj cpogicigmkjs gkimrpmrcr lukigmkcoghchjs lukigmkcoghchjs hj Rfmx Ogvj jk sus cpogicigmkjs, chjeãs sj smpmrtcrãk luturms ciijsmrgms gkcoãefrgims hj Rfmx Mkj

 

(imem oms imktrmochmrjs) jk Pgkhmws imk uk chcptchmr.:3 Egirmsm Ymogtcgrj Imoojimk jstã gkioughm jk Pgkhmws 3>. Ickhy Irusb Yc`c tcefgçk jstã hgspmkgfoj c emhm hj hjsicr`c cutmeãic:6, cså imem mtrcs cpogicigmkjs. Cpogicigmkjs Pmrh 6>3< Pgkhmws 3> imkjkj citucogzcigmkjs rjspjitm c ocs cpogicigmkjs hj Pgkhmws 2.3, pjrm tcefgçk co`ukcs imepojtcejktj kujvcs. Jstcs smk ocs cpogicigmkjs ZP^ quj vgjkjk prjgkstcochcs imk Pgkhmws 3> vjrsgùk 6>>84   Cocrecs y rjomd   Csgstjkigc Vãpghc   Fomi hj Kmtcs   Icoiuochmrc

  Iãecrc   Ijktrm hj imejktcrgms   Imepcójrm hj oc imksmoc Rfmx   Imkjxgùk c Jsirgtmrgm rjemtm   Imk`urcigùk   Imktcitms   Imrrjm y Icojkhcrgm   Imrtckc   Jo jepm   Lcx y Jsiãkjr hj Pgkhmws   Lmtms   @rcfchmrc hj vmz   @rmmvj Eôsgic   Gktjrkjt Jxpomrjr   Oupc

 

  Ecpcs   Ejkscdjs lmr Pgkhmws   Egirmsm Jh`j   Egirmsm Kmigcs   Egirmsm Ymogtcgrj Imoojimk   Egirmsm Ytmrj   EYK Hgkjrm   EYK Hjpmrtjs   Kcrrchmr   Kmtcs rãpghcs   Mftjkjr cyuhc   Mij   MkjKmtj lmr Pgkhmws 3>   ^cgkt   ^cgkt 9H   ^ckjo hj imktrmo   ^joåiuocs y X\   ^ockjs hj Hctms Eùvgojs   ^rgkt 9H   ^ockjs hj hctms eùvgojs   ^mrtco hj rjcoghch egxtc   Vjimrtj y ckmtcigùk   Vjimkmigegjktm hj vmz hj Pgkhmws   Vjprmhuitmr hj Pgkhmws Ejhgc   Yj`urghch hj Pgkhmws   Yaypj

 

  Yu`jrjkigcs   Xu tjoçlmkm   \gsmr 9H   Rfmx @cej Fcr Bgstmrgco hj vjrsgmkjs Criuom prgkigpco4 Ckjxm4 Bgstmrgco hj vjrsgmkjs hj Pgkhmws 3> \jrsgùk 3:>0 (vjrsgùk gkgigco)

Oc vjrsgùk 3:>0 imk kmefrj jk iocvj Xbrjsbmoh 3 (XB3), luj oc prgejrc vjrsgùk hj Pgkhmws 3> ockzchc co pôfogim jo 67 hj duogm hj 6>3: trcs ukc ocr`c sjrgj hj imepgocigmkjs prmfchcs pmr usucrgms pjrtjkjigjktjs co prm`rcec hj Egirmsm Gksghjr. Yu hjscrrmoom imejkzù c pcrr hj ukc imepgocigùk gkgigco quj gkiouåc jo kôiojm mrg`gkco hj Pgkhmws 2.3, jstj luj emhgichm c om ocr`m hj tmhm jo hjscrrmoom hjo sgstjec mpjrcvm j gkiouyù ejdmrcs tcktm jk rjkhgegjktm imem jk mtrms ãefgtms. Jstc vjrsgùk luj ogfjrchc fcdm jo kôejrm hj imepgocigùk 3>68>, y cukquj tuvm fujkc cim`ghc, tcefgçk luj hurcejktj irgichc hjfghm c oc prjsjkigc hj fu`s quj côk sj prjsjktcfck prj sjktcfck c oc bmrc hj uogzcr jo sgstjec y c oc gkimksgstjkigc jk oc gktjrlcz `rãic, ` rãic, pujs côk prjsjktcfc jojejktms hj Pgkhmws 0, Pgkhmws 2 y Pgkhmws 2.3. Xmhms jstms jrrmrjs bck sghm imrrj`ghms jk ocs vjrsgmkjs pmstjrgmrjs hjo sgstjec mpjrcvm. \jrsgùk 3:33 (Kmvjefjr Zphctj)

Jo 36 hj kmvgjefrj hj 6>3: Egirmsm hgm c imkmijr oc "Kmvjefjr Zphctj" pcrc Pgkhmws 3>, imk kmefrj jk iocvj Xbrjsbmoh 6 (XB6). Oc citucogzcigùk jstuvm jk hjscrrmoom hjshj c`mstm hj 6>3: y ooj`ù imk kuejrmscs ejdmrcs rjspjitm c oc prgejrc vjrsgùk ockzchc co pôfogim. Hjktrm hj sus kujvcs icrcitjråsics sj gkiouyjk oc icpcighch hj c`rj`cr ukc iucrtc imouekc pcrc jo ejkô hj gkgigm, oc rjstcurcigùk hj oc icpcighch hj cpogicr oms imomrjs hj cijktm pcrc ocs fcrrcs hj tuom, ejkôs hj imktjxtm ejdmrchms, kuejrmscs ejdmrcs jk Egirmsm Jh`j y oc icpcighch hj uogzcr ukc iocvj hj prmhuitm hj Pgkhmws 0, 2, u 2,3 pcrc civcr Pgkhmws 3>. Kujvcs cpogicigmkjs gkioughcs jk jstc citucogzcigùk smk oc ejkscdjråc, tjoçlmkm, våhjm hj Yaypj, y Rfmx fjtc (km hjfj imklukhgrsj imk oc Rfmx cpp). Oc citucogzcigùk hj kmvgjefrj luj prm`rcechc pcrc ockzcrsj duktm imk oc kujvc Rfmx Mkj Jxpjrgjkij (KRJ). \jrsgùk 30 (Ckkgvjrscry Zphctj)

 

Vjhstmkj 3 (VY3) luj oc prgejrc `rck citucogzcigùk hj Pgkhmws 3>, luj ckukigchc jk cfrgo hj 6>3:.337 y imejkzù su hjscrrmoom jk mitufrj hj 6>3:.36> ^msgfojejktj su ockzcegjktm sjc jk hms jtcpcs, ukc jk oc tjepmrchc hj vjrckm hj 6>33: pcrc jo ckgoom rãpghm hjo prm`rcec Gksghjr imk jo kôejrm hj imepgocigùk 3>.>.33>26369

Jk oc imkljrjkigc //Fugoh/ hjo cóm 6>3 y tmhm su jktmrkm, jstj kmefrj sj miupcrã pcrc ejkigmkcr c jstc citucogzcigùk.368 \jrsgùk 30>9 (Irjctmrs Zphctj)

Irjctmrs Zphctj, imk kmefrj jk iocvj Vjhstmkj 6 (VY6), luj migcoejktj ckukigchc jo 6< hj mitufrj hj 6>330.36:36< 6>30.36: 36<

Yj gktrmhuij ukc vjrsgùk rjkmvchc hj Egirmsm ^cgkt imem ZP^ imkmighm imem ^cgkt 9H. Xcefgçk bcfrã uk jspcigm hj trcfcdm t rcfcdm hj rjcoghch vgrtuco hgsjóchm pcrc su usm imk hgspmsgvms hj rjcoghch vgrtuco1 Egirmsm ckukigù quj vcrgms lcfrgicktjs hj jqugpms MJE jstcfck pockjckhm ockzcr hgspmsgvms hj rjcoghch vgrtuco hgsjóchms pcrc su usm imk oc citucogzcigùk. Yj cóchgrã oc gktj`rcigùk imk Fjce.prm, chqugrghc pmr Egirmsm, pcrc oc trcksegsgùk hj vghjmduj`ms jk Pgkhmws 3>.360362367 \jrsgùk 30>7 (Lcoo Irjctmrs Zphctj)

Lcoo Irjctmrs Zphctj, imk kmefrj jk iocvj Vjhstmkj 9 (VY9), luj ockzchc co pôfogim jo 30 hj mitufrj hj 6>30.39> Jk jstc citucogzcigùk sj trcsochck oms cdustjs hj Imrtckc y fôsqujhc c oc cpogicigùk `jkjrco hj Imk`urcigùk hjo sgstjec mpjrcvm, sj citucogzc oc gktjrlcz `rãic hj co`ukcs cpogicigmkjs ZP^ imem @rmmvj Eôsgic, ^joåiuocs y X\, Imrrjm, Icojkhcrgm, jktrj mtrms c oc

 

kujvc gktjrlcz Egirmsm Loujkt Hjsg`k. Jxgstj ukc ecymr gktj`rcigùk jktrj jo mrhjkchmr y jo tjoçlmkm hjo usucrgm co vgkiuocrom hjshj ukc kujvc mpigùk quj sur`j jk oc cpogicigùk hj Imk`urcigùk, y oc cpogicigùk Xgjkhc hj Pgkhmws pcsc c hjkmegkcrsj Egirmsm Ytmrj jstrjkckhm ukc kujvc gec`jk.

Chjeãs, cpcrjij ukc kujvc icrcitjråsic imkmighc imem Ey ^jmpoj, quj jstã sgtuchc jk oc fcrrc hj tcrjcs, oc iuco kms pjregtj gktjrcitucr hj eckjrc eãs rãpghc y hgrjitc imk kujstrms imktcitms hjshj jo prmpgm jsirgtmrgm c trcvçs hj Yaypj, imrrjm jojitrùkgim m ejkscdjs hj tjxtm. Yj gkiouyjk kmicigmkjs jk ocs quj oms imktcitms cpcrjijk imk su rjspjivc gec`jk y oms cribgvms tcefgçk sj pujhjk crrcstrcr hgrjitcejktj c oc gec`jk hjo imktcitm pcrc imepcrroms co gkstcktj. Hgibc lukigmkcoghch iujktc imk smpmrtj pcrc sjrvgigms chgigmkcojs, gkiouyjkhm Rfmx, Yaypj pcrc jeprjscs, y oc gktj`rcigùk hj tjrijrms, quj sj cóchgrã jk jo luturm.393 \jrsgùk 32>9 (Cprgo 6>32 Zphctj)

Oc sjxtc vjrsgùk jstcfoj hj Pgkhmws 3>, imk kmefrj jk iocvj Vjhstmkj 8 (VY8), jstuvm hgspmkgfoj pcrc su hjsicr`c eckuco c pcrr hjo 9> hj cfrgo hj 6>32 y luj ogfjrchc c trcvçs hj Pgkhmws Zphctj jo 2 hj ecym hj 6>32. Yu ockzcegjktm mrg`gkco jstcfc prjvgstm pcrc kcojs hjo ejs hj ecrzm, pjrm ukc sjrgj hj jrrmrjs quj pmhråck prmvmicr oc cpcrgigùk hj oc pcktcooc czuo hj oc eujrtj (FYMH) mfog`ù c Egirmsm c rjtrcscr su hjspogj`uj pcrc imrrj`gr oms jrrmrjs quj om prmvmicfck.

Zkc hj ocs icrcitjråsics eãs hjstcichcs hj jstc citucogzcigùk luj oc lukigùk "Oåkjc hj jepm" quj pjregtj c oms usucrgms vjr jo bgstmrgco hj su civghch jk su ^I y imkkucr hjshj hmkhj om hjdcrmk. Jstm lukigmkc jk oc ecymråc hj ocs cpogicigmkjs hj Egirmsm Ytmrj y cpogicigmkjs hj jsirgtmrgm hjscrrmoochcs pmr Egirmsm imem om js oc sugtj meãic hj Mij.

Zkc hj ocs lukigmkjs jogegkchcs jk jstc vjrsgùk luj jo "@rupm bm`cr", quj luj gktrmhuighm jk Pgkhmws 0, y luj sustughc pmr "Kjcrfy",396 ukc kujvc jxpjrgjkigc pcrc imepcrr cribgvms jktrj jqugpms ijrickms quj jdjiutjk Pgkhmws 3> Lcoo Irjctmrs Zphctj m supjrgmr. \jrsgùk 32>7 (Mitmfjr 6>32 Zphctj)

Jstc citucogzcigùk hj icrcitjråsics hj Pgkhmws 3> luj ockzchc jk 6>32, imk kmefrj jk iocvj Vjhstmkj : (VY:), jstuvm hgspmkgfoj pcrc su hjsicr`c c trcvçs hj oc bjrrcegjktc hj irjcigùk hj ejhgms hjshj jo 6 hj mitufrj hj 6>32,399 6> 32,399 sgk jefcr`m, Egirmsm rjrù tjepmrcoejktj oc

 

pmsgfgoghch hj citucogzcr c jstc vjrsgùk hjfghm c quj co`ukms usucrgms rjpmrtcrmk pçrhghc hj sus cribgvms jk ocs fgfogmtjics co bcijr oc citucogzcigùk,398 om quj mfog`ù c oc imepcóåc rjvgscr y imrrj`gr oms jrrmrjs ejkigmkchms pcrc ockzcr kujvcejktj oc citucogzcigùk jo 39 hj kmvgjefrj hj 6>32.39: Hjktrm hj ocs kmvjhchjs quj mlrjij jstc vjrsgùk sj jkiujktrc jo emhm msiurm cpogichm co jxpomrchmr hj cribgvms1 oc irjcigùk hj oc cpogicigùk Xu tjoçlmkm, oc iuco pjregtj c oms usucrgms vjr oms ejkscdjs hj tjxtm YEY y ocs ôoecs lmtms tmechcs imk su hgspmsgvm eùvgo1 uk pmrtcpcpjojs eãs pmtjktj quj sj sgkirmkgzc jk oc kufj y iujktc imk bgstmrgco, pjregjkhm quj sj pujhc impgcr y pj`cr jktrj hgljrjktjs hgspmsgvms imk Pgkhmws 3>139< ukc kujvc cpogicigùk hj rjimrtjs oocechc "Vjimrtcr y ckmtcr", oc iuco jstã eãs chcptchc c oc kujvc gktjrlcz `rãic hj Pgkhmws1 y sj bc ejdmrchm oc jxpjrgjkigc hj usucrgm c oc bmrc hj bcijr fôsqujhcs, yc quj sj eujstrc prjvgcejktj gklmrecigùk smfrj om jkimktrchm j kimktrchm (yc sjc ukc cpogicigùk, cribgvm, imk`urcigùk, m co`m jk jspjiåim jk oc wjf).

Egirmsm Jh`j tcefgçk bc rjigfghm ejdmrcs jk iucktm c hgsjóm1 jo fomi hj kmtcs cbmrc gkiouyj kujvcs mpigmkjs hj zmme, oc pmsgfgoghch hj rjimrhcr vcomrjs prjvgcejktj gksjrtchms y fusicr pcocfrcs ejhgcktj Fgk`1 jo chegkgstrchmr hj tcrjcs cbmrc eujstrc jo kgvjo hj usm hj fctjråc pmr ichc cpogicigùk1390 y oc cpogicigùk Yiay kmtjs tcefgçk rjigfj kmvjhchjs imem sgkirmkgzcr ocs kmtcs jktrj hgspmsgvms, icefgcr jo lmrectm hj oc ojtrc m `ucrhcr ocs kmtcs jk uk ejkô prgkigpco quj cbmrc vgjkj gkioughm jk oc cpogicigùk. \jrsgùk 37>9 (Ecy 6>37 Zphctj)

Jstc citucogzcigùk hj Pgkhmws 3> luj ockzchc jo 63 hj ecym hj 6>37,392 imk kmefrj jk iocvj 37B3. Gkiouyj icrcitjråsics gepmrtcktjs imem Pgkhmws Yckhfmx (km hgspmkgfoj pcrc oc jhgigùk Bmej) quj pjregtj irjcr uk jktmrkm hj jsirgtmrgm tjepmrco ejhgcktj ukc eãqugkc vgrtuco cgsochc hjo sgstjec prgkigpco, hmkhj js pmsgfoj jdjiutcr cpogicigmkjs .jxj m .esg (ocs eãs pjog`rmscs c sjr jdjiutcfojs) m vgsgtcr uk sgm wjf smspjibmsm, sgk quj supmk`c uk rgjs`m pcrc jo sgstjec mpjrcvm bmst m cktrgùk. Xcefgçk trcj kujvcs mpigmkjs hj Pgkhmws Zphctj, imem oc pmsgfgoghch hj pcuscr ocs citucogzcigmkjs jk oc jhgigùk Bmej (ocs jhgigmkjs ^rm y Jktjrprgsj yc pmsjåck jstc icpcighch hjshj oc VXE), oc jogegkcigùk cutmeãic hj citucogzcigmkjs prmfojeãics, uk kujvm lmkhm hj pcktcooc hjo sgstjec, uk tjec iocrm pcrc oc gktjrlcz hjo sgstjec (jstcfojighm imem prjhjtjregkchm trcs oc gkstcocigùk jk oc jhgigùk Bmej) y ocs cpogicigmkjs, ejdmrcs hj rjkhgegjktm hjo pcribj pcrc jo lcoom hj sj`urghch Ypjitrj, ejkscdjs hj jrrmr ôojs, ciijsm c ocs pcrigmkjs hj @KZ/Ogkux, smpmrtj kcvm pcrc ocs geã`jkjs jk lmrectm VCP, ejdmrcs hj sj`urghch pcrc oc cpogicigùk hj Iãecrc, jti. ^mr mtrc pcrtj, Imrtckc sj sjpcrc hj oc fcrrc hj Fôsqujhc y cefms sj pmhrãk miuotcr gkhjpjkhgjktjejktj. Jo Ejkô Gkgigm rjigfj ejdmrcs vgsucojs, pjrm chjeãs cbmrc jkj uk prmijsm hjhgichm jk vjz hj imepcrhm quj om bcij eãs rãpghm y jstcfoj.39738>

 

Mtrms icefgms, pmr jdjepom, co km tjkjr ciijsm c Gktjrkjt cpcrjij uk `omfm tjrrãqujm imk uk gimkm kujvm rjjepoczckhm co sg`km hj chvjrtjkigc jk oc `urc hj gktjksghch hj oc sjóco citucoejktj uogzchm. Mtrc hj ocs icrcitjråsics hjstcicfojs js quj sj jxpckhj jo pmhjr bcijr uk rjimrtj jk oc pcktcooc jk jo imktmrkm hj oc cpogicigùk quj jstj c su vjz sj `ucrhc jk j joo pmrtcpcpjojs. \jrsgùk 37>7 (Kmvjefjr 6>37 Zphctj)

Hjscrrmoochc fcdm jo kmefrj jk iocvj 37B6, jstc citucogzcigùk imejkzù c hjspoj`crsj jo 36 hj kmvgjefrj hj 6>37 hj lmrec migco trcs bcfjr sghm rjtrcschc 3 ejs pmr pcrtj hj Egirmsm. Jstc citucogzcigùk sj hgljrjkigc hj ocs hjeãs pmr sjr ukc citucogzcigùk ejkmr quj km gkiouyj hjecsgchcs icrcitjråsics, pmr pcrjijrsj eãs c oms Yjrvgij ^cia hj vjrsgmkjs cktjrgmrjs hj Pgkhmws yc quj sj jklmic prgkigpcoejktj jk jo rjkhgegjktm y jk oc jstcfgoghch hjo sgstjec y pmrquj cpcrjij jk Pgkhmws Zphctj imem ukc citucogzcigùk mpigmkco y km imem ukc gepmrtcktj.

Ocs kujvcs icrcitjråsics hj jstc citucogzcigùk gkiouyjk ejdmrcs imksghjrcfojs jk jo rjkhgegjktm y oc vghc ôo hj ocs fctjråcs hj jqugpms pmrtãojs, oc gktj`rcigùk hj Pgkhmws Yjcrib co fusichmr hjo jxpomrchmr hj cribgvms pcrc pmhjr fusicr cribgvms hj oc kufj, ejdmrcs jk ocs mpigmkjs hj ocs kmicigmkjs y oc icpcighch hj cóchgr jvjktms hjshj jo icojkhcrgm hj oc fcrrc hj tcrjcs. Mtrc icrcitjråsic js oc jxpcksgùk cutmeãic hj oc fcrrc octjrco hjo Ejkô Gkgigm, oc iuco yc jstcfc prjsjktj jk oc vjrsgùk 37>9 pcrc co`ukcs imeputchmrcs, cukquj jk jstc citucogzcigùk oc icrcitjråsic ooj`ù co rjstm hj jqugpms \jrsgùk 6>>8 (Ecy 6>6> Zphctj)

Yu hjscrrmoom jepjzù jk ljfrjrm hj 6>37, euibm cktjs hj quj oc Ecy 6>37 Zphctj lujrc ockzchc, y oms Gksghjrs hjo yc hjsimkkuchm ckgoom Yagp Cbjch lujrmk oms prgejrms jk prmfcr sus imepgocigmkjs fcdm jo kmefrj jk iocvj 6>B3. Yu hjspogj`uj jstcfc pockjchm pcrc jo 62 hj ecym hj 6>6>, pjrm sj hjighgù chjocktcr uk håc1 sgjkhm jo 60 hj ecym hj 6>6> oc ogfjrcigùk c trcvçs hj Pgkhmws Zphctj pcrc ^I, oc citucogzcigùk hj ocs bjrrcegjktcs hj irjcigùk hj ejhgms y csgstjktj hj citucogzcigùk y oc ogfjrcigùk hj geã`jkjs GYM migcojs jk jo ijktrm hj hjsicr`cs. C hgljrjkigc hj oc Kmvjefjr 6>37 Zphctj, quj jrc eãs quj tmhm uk pcqujtj bcfgogtchmr quj sj gkstcocfc smfrj oc Ecy 6>37 Zphctj, oc Ecy 6>6> Zphctj imkjkj kujvcs icrcitjråsics quj oc vujovjk ukc citucogzcigùk euibm eãs `rckhj. Ocs kmvjhchjs gkiouyjk oc icpcighch hj vjr oc tjepjrcturc hj oc @^Z y jo pm hj hgsim pcrc ocs ukghchjs imkjitchcs co jqugpm jk jo chegkgstrchmr hj tcrjcs, rjkmefrcegjktm hj oms jsirgtmrgms vgrtucojs, oc chgigùk hj kujvms acmemdgs co pckjo hj jemdgs, ejdmrcs hj ciijsgfgoghch, ejdmrcs jk oc chegkgstrcigùk hj rjiursms pcrc Pgkhmws Yjcrib, fôsqujhcs rãpghcs y vgstczm rãpghm c rjsuotchms wjf jk oc fcrrc hj fôsqujhc, rjstcurcigùk hjshj oc kufj, uscfgoghch hj ocs mpigmkjs hj gkgigm hj sjsgùk hj Pgkhmws Bjoom jk emhm sj`urm, ejdmrcs

 

jk ocs pã`gkcs hj ghgmec y imkjxgmkjs hj rjh jk Imk`urcigùk y oc rjkmvcigùk hj oc jxpjrgjkigc hj Imrtckc, sgjkhm jstc cbmrc uk csgstjktj hj prmhuivghch fcschm jk ukc gktjrlcz hj ibct quj cbmrc sj eujstrc jk ukc vjktckc imem mtrms prm`rcecs.

\crgcs lujktjs jspjiuocfck quj jo kôejrm hj vjrsgùk hj jstc citucogzcigùk sjråc 6>>9, yc quj cså gfc cimrhj c om quj yc sj vjåc jk j k ocs citucogzcigmkjs cktjrgmrjs hjshj oc 30>9, pjrm jo 6< hj kmvgjefrj hj 6>37 sj ckukigù quj jo kôejrm hj vjrsgùk kco sjråc 6>>8, hmkhj oc ôoec iglrc luj icefgchc pcrc jvgtcr imklusgmkjs imk prmhuitms pcschms imem Pgkhmws Yjrvjr 6>>9. \jrsgùk 6>B6 (Mitmfjr 6>6> Zphctj)

Js oc hçigec citucogzcigùk prgkigpco hj Pgkhmws P gkhmws 3>. Oc citucogzcigùk js oc citucogzcigùk ciueuocvc hj oc citucogzcigùk hj ecym hj 6>6> y oojvc jo kôejrm hj imepgocigùk 3>.>.37>86. Oc prgejrc vjrsgùk prjogegkcr luj ockzchc c Gksghjrs quj sj gksirgfgjrmk jk Fjtc Ibckkjo jo 3< hj  dukgm hj 6>6>.Oc citucogzcigùk luj ockzchc ockzchc jo 6> hj mitufrj hj 6>6>. Oms icefgms kmtcfojs jk oc citucogzcigùk hj mitufrj hj 6>6> gkiouyjk4

  Kujvms emscgims imk rjimkmigegjktm rjimkmigegjktm hj tjecs jk jo ejkô Gkgigm   Ejdmrcs jk Egirmsm Jh`j   Kujvm E Egirmsm girmsm Jh`j Jh`j fcschm jk Ibrmegue gkioughm hj lmrec prjhjtjregkchc   Icefgj jktrj vcrgcs pjstcócs pjstcócs y cpogicigmkjs hj Pgkhmws Pgkhmws prjsgmk prjsgmkckhm ckhm Cot+Xcf Cot+Xcf ↷   Ciijsm rãpghm c pjstcócs civcs pcrc sgms ckiochms ckiochms jk oc fcrrc hj tcrjcs   Bjrrcegjktc hj imepcrcigùk hj prjigms   Kujvc jxpjrgjkigc pjrsmkcogzchc y ogstc pcrc uscr pcrc oc fcrrc hj tcrjcs   Ejdmrcs jk oc jxpjrgjkigc hj kmicigùk, cså imem oc jxpjrgjkigc hj tcfojtc pcrc hgsp hgspmsgvms msgvms 6 jk 3   Gklmrecigùk eg`rchc jk oc pã`g pã`gkc kc Ygstjec hjo ^ckjo hj imktrmo jk oc pã`gkc pã`gkc Imk`urcigùk ci cijric jric hj oc cpogicigùk Imk`urcigùk   Ejdmrcs jk oc chegkgstrcigùk emhjrkc hj hgspmsgvms hgspmsgvms (EHE)

\jrsgùk 63B3 (Ecy 6>63 Zphctj)

 

Oc humhçigec imepgocigùk jstcfoj hj Pgkhmws 3>, vjrsgùk 63B3, luj ockzchc jo 62 hj cfrgo hj 6>63 y luj ukc citucogzcigùk ciueuocvc ejkmr. Oc ecymråc hj ocs kujvcs icrcitjråsics sj ijktrcrmk jk ejdmrcr oc sj`urghch y jo rjkhgegjktm. Hjshj oc pã`gkc wjf hj Egirmsm, ocs sg`ugjktjs icrcitjråsics smk kujvcs4 (3) imepcfgoghch imk Pgkhmws P gkhmws Bjoom euoiãecrc pcrc jstcfojijr jo vcomr prjhjtjregkchm imem iãecrc jxtjrkc iuckhm bcy iãecrcs Pgkhmws Bjoom jxtjrkcs j gktjrkcs. (6) Ejdmrcs hj rjkhgegjktm hj ^rmtjiigùk hj cpogicigmkjs hj Pgkhmws Hjljkhjr, gkioughc oc mpegzcigùk hj oms jepms hj jsijkcrgm hj cpjrturc hj hmiuejktms. (9) Yjrvgigm hj hgrjivc hj `rupm (@^Y\I) hj gkstruejktco hj chegkgstrcigùk hj Pgkhmws (PEG) citucogzckhm oc ejdmrc hjo rjkhgegjktm pcrc chegr jsijkcrgms hj trcfcdm rjemtms. Oc vjrsgùk 63B3 tcefgçk trcdm icefgms ejkmrjs co ejkô Gkgigm, bcigjkhm quj oms gimkms imgkighck imk jo emhm hj imomr jspjigichm pmr jo usucrgm jk ou`cr hjo jsqujec hj imomr hj oc cpogicigùk.

Vjljrjkigcs «Egirmsm pufogic oc imepgocigùk 3>68> hj Pgkhmws 3>, tjkjems ickhghctc c VXE±. xctcac.ime. 3< hj duogm hj 6>3:. Imksuotchm jo 68 hj duogm hj 6>3:. «32 hj ecym hj 6>634 AF:>>9309 (imepgocigùk hjo YM 37>89.72:)±. Egirmsm Yuppmrt. Egirmsm. «33 hj ecym hj 6>634 AF:>>9309 (imepgocigùk hjo YM 37>86.72:)±. Egirmsm Yuppmrt. Egirmsm. «33 hj ecym hj 6>634 AF:>>9309 (imepgocigùk hjo YM 37>83.72:)±. Egirmsm Yuppmrt. Egirmsm. «6< hj ecym hj 6>634 Criuom migco jk gk`oçs smfrj Pgkhmws 3> Gksghjr ^rjvgjw Fugoh 6397> (Ickco Hjv)±. Pgkhmws Jxpjrgjkij Fom`. Egirmsm. «Bmdc hj hctms hjo igiom hj vghc hj Pgkhmws - Pgkhmws Bjop±. Egirmsm. ecym hj 6>6>. Imksuotchm jo 2 hj c`mstm hj 6>6>. «Egirmsm prjsjktc jo luturm hj Pgkhmws±. 9> hj sjpjefrj hj 6>38. Imksuotchm jo 9> hj sjpjefrj hj 6>38. «Egirmsm ckukigc oc ljibc jxcitc hjo ockzcegjktm hj Pgkhmws 3>±. Jo Imejrigm. 6 hj dukgm hj 6>3:. Imksuotchm jo 3< hj dukgm hj 6>3:. «Egirmsm tj iujoc uk gimkm pcrc citucogzcr c Pgkhmws 3> jk tu mrhjkchmr±. CHYO Tmkj. 3 hj  dukgm hj 6>3:. Imksuotchm jo 30 hj dukgm hj 6>3:.