Wilmar Nabati-BAB-I

 

BAB C TMOFA@]I]AO 1.1 Xmjara` Bmrfcrcoya Bmrfcrcoya TV. \cikar \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca Lrmscg  Awai bmrfcrcoya TV. \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca fckuiac fckuiac fmolao fcfcrcgaooya pabrcg ms yaol bmroaka TV. Garya Trajeoa Omiayao eim` Kartua Xcterus pafa taollai 1  Alustus 13 244>,, pmrus pmrusa`a a`aao ao coc tmrfa tmrfanta ntarr fa fao o rmskc rmskc bm bmrla rlabu buol ol fc bu bursa rsa mnmg mnmg Xcolapura fmolao oaka \cikar Cotmroatceoai Ickctmf. Oaka \cikar smofcrc bmrasai farc oaka ’Kartua Xcterus‛ smbalac pmkcicg fao pmofcrc TV. \cikar \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca Cofeomsca fao ’\ciicak (Gueg G`eeo @eol)‛ yaol kmrupagao pmolusa`a kcoyag fc Xcolapura. Bmrlabu Bmrl abuoloy oloya a \cikar \cikar fmolao fmolao bursa bursa mnmg mnmg Xcolapu Xcolapura ra kmrupag kmrupagao ao suatu suatu iaolga` iaolga` bmsar balc \cikar. Taf afa a ta`u ta`uo o 2440 2440 \cik \cikar ar km kmia iagu guga gao o few fewost ostrma rmak k bu bussc sscom oms s ao aof f et et`m `mrs rs (kmofcrcgao turuoaooya). Xmbmiukoya, \cikar `aoya bcsa kmol`ascigao HTE fao HTGE HT GE saja saja,, gmku gmkufc fcao ao pa pafa fa ta`u ta`uo o 2440 2440 \cik \cikar ar kmkb kmkbao aolu luo o pa pabr brcg cg rmncomry  eimeh`mkchai  fao   fao bcefcmsmi bmroaka TV. \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca yaol tmrimtag fc Ji. Ji.Ga Gapt ptmo mo Farke Farke Xuleo Xuleofe fe Oe.=> Oe.=> Gmiura Gmiura`a `ao o Cofre, Cofre, Lrmscg Lrmscg,, Jaw Jawa a Vckur Vckur uo uotug tug kmoleia` HTE fao HTGE yaol fc`ascigao tmrsmbut. Gmkufcao fc ta`uo 2414-2411, TV. \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca kmkasugc bcsocs luia lui a fmola fmolao o kmkba kmkbaolu oluo o pmrgm pmrgmbu buoao oao fc Kmrau Kmraugm gm fa fao o kmkbm kmkbmicic pa pabrc brcg g lu luia ia Xuhrelm Xuh relmo o fc Austraica Austraica,, fao kmkbaoluo kmkbaoluo TV. Jawakaoc Jawakaocs s rancoasc rancoasc smrta TV. Futa Xular Cotmroatceoai fc Baotmo. Tafa ta`uo 241= \cikar kmolmkbaolgao gmkbaic usa`aoya pafa bcsocs tmpuol (nieurkcii) fmolao kmrg falaol ’Kciia‛ fao bcsocs sabuo fmolao kmrg falaol ’Ciicms‛. Xmiaka Xmia ka pmrjaiao pmrjaiaoaooy aooya a TV. TV. \cikar Lreup Lreup kmkcicgc kmkcicgc bu busco scomss mss rmherf rmherf yaol hugup kmkbaollagao, fcaotaraoya:

 

8

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Tmoleia` fao pmol`asci tmrbmsar kcoyag gmiapa sawct fao turuoaooya fc Asca

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Tascncg Xaia` satu pmrusa`aao pmrgmbuoao tmrbmsar fc Cofeomsca

• •

Kmkcicgc pabrcg bcefcmsmi tmrbmsar fc fuoca Xaia` satu yaol tmrbmsar faiak pmoleia`ao kcoyag lermol fao turuoaooya

•

smrta pabrcg eimeh`mkchais fc H`coa fao ]gracoa Xaia` satu yaol tmrbmsar faiak pmoleia`ao kcoyag lermol fao pmkckpco pasar 

kcoyag lermol fc Cofca Tmolmgsper tmrbmsar kcoyag lermol gm Anrcga Vckur fao Anrcga Xmiatao 1.2 Lakbarao Lakbarao ]kuk Tabrcg 1.2.1 Ba`ao Ba Bagu TV \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca kmolluoagao ba`ao bagu gmiapa sawct yaol •

fcakbci farc pmrgmbuoao gmiapa sawct kcicg TV. \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca kaupuo kmkbmic farc pc`ag iaco. Xmiaco ba`ao bagu utaka, afa puia ba`ao bagu pmouojaol pmouojaol yaol fcluoagao pafa presms prefugsc fc TV. \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca ]oct Lrmscg. Bmrcgut afaia` ba`ao bagu utaka smrta ba`ao bagu pmouojaol yaol fcluoagao. 1.2.1.1 Ba`ao Bagu Bagu ]taka ]taka Ba`ao bagu utaka faiak pmoleia`ao kcoyag gmiapa sawct yaol fcluoagao eim` TV. \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca uoct Lrmscg afaia`: 1. HTE (Hrufm Taik Eci) 2. HTGE (Hrufm Taik Gmromi Eci) HTE fao HTGE fcpmreim` farc pmrgmbuoao kcicg \cikar fc Xukatmra ]tara kaupuo farc iuar Xukatmra ]tara. Tmolcrckao fciagugao kmiaiuc jaiur farat kaupuo acr. acr. Ba`ao Ba`ao bagu kasug fao fctc fctckbao kbaol l gmkufcao gmkufcao fciagugao fciagugao pmolak pmolakbcia bciao o sakpmi sakpmi kutu alar kmkmou`c spmscncgasc eim` QA (Quaicty Assuraohm) gmkufcao Assuraohm) gmkufcao ba`ao bagu fcpekpag fcpe kpagao ao gm taolgc taolgc pmoyckp pmoyckpaoa aoao. o. Xmbmiuk Xmbmiuk fciaguga fciagugao o pmoleia pmoleia`ao `ao,, HTE fao HTGE tmrsmbut `arus fcsarcol tmrimbc` fa`uiu uotug kmol`ciaolgao geterao yaol tmrfapat fcfaiakoya. Gekpescsc HTE fao HTGE agao fcjmiasgao pafa Vabmi 1. Vabmi 1. Gekpescsc HTE fao HTGE

 

6

Tarakmtmr NNA(%) C^ (Hl C2/l) T^ (kmq/l) IH =1/6‛ K&C (%) Haretmo (TV. \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca Lrmscg, 241>)

Gekpescsc (%) = kax kcockai =4.= 6.= kax 4.= kax 6=4-6-1,4 4,>-1,4% % farc jukia` kcoyag. kcoyag. Bmrcgut Gekpescsc Gaofuolao pafa Bimah`col Mart` agao fcjmiasgao pafa Va Vabmi bmi 2. 2. T`esperch Ahcf (@8TE6) T`esperch T`esperc h Ahcf /Asak /Asak T`espat fcluoagao pafa presms pmkurocao kcoyag yaol bmrnuolscc smbalac pmolcgat lmta` atau luk bmrnuols luk yaol  yaol tmrfapat pafa HTE. Tmolcgatao luk faiak HTE yactu fmolao hara nieguiasc. Tmkagacao asak p`espat aotara 4,484,4= % farc jukia` kcoyag. Gekpescsc Gaofuolao pafa Asak T`espat fapat fcic`at pafa Vabim 8. T`esperch T`esperc h Ahcf /Asak /Asak T`espat T`espat kmkcicgc kmkcicgc garagtmr garagtmrcstcg cstcg,, uot uotug ug garagtmrc garagtmrcstcg stcg farc T`esperch Ahcf  (@  (@8TE6) fapat fcic`at pafa Vabmi 6. 8. Hctrch Ahcf (H (H>@0E@0E Jukia` 0=,= % >2 ppk

(KXFX (KX FX fc fcrao raolgu lguk k eim` eim` M@X M@X \ci \cikar kar 41 Juiy 2418) Vabmi 8.

Gaofu fuo olao

(p`esperch ahcf)

 As 4,= ppk Tb 1 ppk XE6 24 ppk Hi 14 ppk Nm 84 ppk OE8 14 ppk (KXFX fcraolguk eim` M@X \cikar 41 Juiy 2418) Vabmi 6. Garagtmrcstcg farc p`espe farc p`esperch rch ahcf  (@  (@8TE6) Garagtmrcstcg Gmtmraolao Bmotug Hacr   \aroa Vcfag bmrwaroa Bau Vcfag bmrbau Vctcg fcfc` 1=0 eH (81>,6eN) Vctcg Imim` 21 eH (>3,0eN) Xpmscnch Lravcty 1,>0= pafa 2=eH (KXFX fcraolguk eim` M@X \cikar 41 Juiy 2418) Vabmi =. Garagtmrcstcg farc p`espe farc p`esperch rch ahcf  (@  (@8TE6) Garagtmrcstcg Bmotug \aroa Bau T@ Xu`u autecloctceo Xu`u fmgekpescsc

Gmtmraolao pewfmr / Grcstai Tutc` Vcfag bmrbau 1,0= (=%) 86=4H ?1

Vctcg Imbur 18= ‘ 1=24H Gmiarutao > % faiak acr 2=4H Fmoscty buig 0=4 ‘ 3=4 Gl / k8 (KXFX fcraolguk eim` M@X \cikar 41 Juiy 2418) 1. 1.2. 2.2 2

Fmpm Fmpmrt rtmk mkmo mo fai faiak ak Tab Tabrc rcg g \cika \ci karr Cofeo Cofeoms msca ca kmrup kmrupaga agao o aoll aolleta eta fa farc rc \cika \cikarr Co Cotm tmroa roasce sceoa oai, i, ya yaol ol

kmrupagao labuolao farc \cikar H`coa, \cikar Cofca, \Cikar Kaiaysca, \cikar  Bmiaofa fao \cikar Cofeomsca. ]oct atau fcvcsc \cikar Lrmscg kmrupagao balcao farc \cikar Cofeomsca. Fcfaiak \cikar Lrmscg tmrfapat tmrfapat bmbmrapa sub fcvcsc fao farc kascol-kascol sub fcvcsc tmrfcrc farc bmbmrapa fmpartmkmo. Xub fcvcsc yaol afa pafa wcikar lrmscg aotara iaco sub fcvcsc prejmht, mfcbim eci, utcicty&mimhtrchai, oeo mfcbim, afkcocstratceo, afkcocstratceo, suppertcol fao et`mr buscomss, buscomss, purh`asco purh`ascol, l, nco Ahh&mgspert, Ahh&mgspert, TTCH. •

Fmpartm Fmp artmkmo kmo yaol afa pafa pafa sub fcvcsc fcvcsc prejmht prejmht aotara aotara iaco Molcommrcol Molcommrcol,, Hcvci, Hcvci,

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Trejmht, \ergs`ep. Fmpartmkmo yaol afa pafa sub fcvcsc pafa mfcbim eci aotara iaco TGH (Taik Gmromi Gmro mi Hrus`col) Hrus`col) & seivmot, seivmot, Rmncomry Rmncomry

Nragscoa Nragscoasc, sc, HTH, Vmxtu Vmxturcol rcol fao Kaco

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Mfcbim. Fmpartm Fmp artmkmo kmo yaol yaol afa pafa pafa sub fcvcsc utcicty utcicty & mimhtrch mimhtrchai ai afai afaia` a` fmpartm fmpartmkmo kmo

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utcicty fao fmpartmkmo mimhtrchai. Fmpartmkmo yaol afa pafa sub fcvcsc afkcocstrasc, aotara iaco: TLA, smhurcty,

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M@X, kaoajmkmo fao systmk. Fmpartmkmo yaol afa pafa sub fcvcsc suppertcol, aotara iaco: epmratceo, ielcstch

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fao eime. Fmpartmkmo yaol afa pafa pafa sub fcvcsc oeo mfcbim aotara iaco: NA/NAI/KM, Numi, seap, MVT, kacoiy oeo mfcbim. mfcbim.

 

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Xmfaolgao

et`mr et` mr

prefu prefuhtc htceo eo,,

\cik \cikar ar oa oaba batc tc

Lrm rmsc scg g

km kmkc kcic icgc gc bm bmbm bmra rapa pa

fmpartmkmo smpmrtc nieurkcii (tmpuol) fao nmrtciczmr (pupug) fao kacotmoaohm.

1. 1.2. 2.8 8

Erla Erlaoc ocsa sasc sc Tmr Tmrus usa` a`aa aao o Bmrfcrcoy Bmrf crcoya a suatu suatu pmrusa` pmrusa`aao aao agao kmojafc bacg bcia kmkp kmkpuoya uoyacc strugtur  strugtur 

erlaocsasc yaol bacg fao jmias. TV \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca Lrmscg jula kmkcicgc strugtur stru gtur erlaocsa erlaocsasc sc pmrusa`a pmrusa`aao. ao. Xtrugtu Xtrugturr erlaocs erlaocsasc asc yaol yaol tmrfapa tmrfapatt fc TV. TV. \cikar  \cikar  Oabatc Cofeomsca Lrmscg agao fctakpcigao pafa Lakbar 1, smfaolgao uotug strugtur  erlaocsasc pafa piaot Rmncomry&Nrahtceoatceo  agao fctakpcigao pafa Lakbar 2. 1.2.8.1 Xtrugtur fao Jeb Jeb Fmsgrcpsc Fmsgrcpsc Jeb fmsgrcpsc kmrupagao tulas yaol tmia` fcakaoa`gao eim` pmrusa`aao gmpafa garyawao fmkc kmojala gmbmriaolsuolao bmrfcrcoya smbua` pabrcg. Jeb fm fmsg sgrc rcps pscc

fcbm fcbmrc rcga gao o

gmpa gmpafa fa

gary garyaw awao ao

smsu smsuac ac

fm fmol olao ao

jaba jabata tao o

yaol yaol

tm tmia ia` `

fcakaoa fcak aoa`ga `gao. o. Bmrcgut Bmrcgut coc kmru kmrupag pagao ao tulas tulas fao wmwmoao wmwmoaol l farc kascol-k kascol-kasco ascol l  jabatao faiak faiak strugtur strugtur erlaocsasc erlaocsasc fc TV. TV. \cikar \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca Lrmscg: 1. Oaka Oaka Ja Jaba bata tao: o: Kaoalmr Trefugsc  Rua Ru aol

ic ico olgup gup

gmrj gmrja a

uotug tug

kao kaoajmr

pre ref fugsc

aota tara ra

iaco aco:

kmkb kmkbu uat

rmohaoa rmoh aoa/pia /piaooco oocol l pres presms ms prefugsc prefugsc77 kmkbuat kmkbuat scstmk scstmk yaol yaol bacg bacg sm`coll sm`colla a smiuru` smiuru` gmlcatao gmlc atao mnmgtcn mnmgtcn fao

mncscmo7 mncscmo7 kmkbuat kmkbuat kmtefa kmtefa yaol yaol tmpat tmpat uotug uotug kmiagsaoag kmiagsaoagao ao

savcol hest prelrakm7 pmiagsaoa gmpmrseoaicaao fc fmpartmkmo prefugsc7 pmkbuat gmputusao fao pmoaolluoljawab uotug smiuru` gmlcatao7 kmkbuat buflmt ta`uoao uotug prefugsc (Rmncomrc fao Nragscoasc)7 kmkutusgao kmkaollci tmoala ai`c atau tmgocsc farc iuar (mxtmroai) uotug kmkbaotu kmoymimsacgao kasaia`-kasaia` yaol kmollaollu rmaicsasc prefug

 

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2. Oaka Oaka Ja Jaba bata tao: o: Xupmrcotmofmot (Assctmot Kaoalmr Trefuhtceo) Ruaol Rua ol icolgu icolgup p gmrja gmrja uotug uotug ascstm ascstmo o kaoajm kaoajmrr prefu prefugsc gsc ao aotar tara a ia iaco: co: km kmkbu kbuat at rmohaoa gmrja fao heotrei gmlcatao7 kmkbuat rmohaoa kutu, presmfur kutu fao presmf pre smfur ur gm gmrja rja77 kmkbu kmkbuat at pmkba pmkbalc lcao ao tula tulas s smiuru smiuru` ` bawa`a bawa`ao7 o7 kmoym kmoymims imsacg acgao ao kasaia`-k kasa ia`-kasai asaia` a` yaol tmrjafc yaol bmr`ubuo bmr`ubuolao lao fmolao fmolao pmrseoai pmrseoai

prefugsc prefugsc77

pmolakbci gmputusao fao seiusc balc pmrkasaia`ao yaol tcfag bcsa fcsmimsacgao ba baw wa` a`ao ao77 kmkb kmkbua uatt rmoh rmohao aoa a X`u X`utfew tfewo o piaot  piaot   fa fao o kmole kmoleot otrei rei pm pmia iagsa gsaoa oaao ao X`utfew X`u tfewo o piaot  piaot 7 kmkb kmkbuat uat mvai mvaiuas uasc/pm c/pmocia ociacao cao garya garya tmr`afap tmr`afap smiuru` smiuru` bawa`a bawa`ao7 o7 kmkprm kmk prmsmo smotas tascga cgao o pmrne pmrnekao kaosc sc prefu prefugsc gsc gmpaf gmpafa a kaoa kaoajmk jmkmo mo fa fao o kmkba kmkbaot otu u kaoalmr faiak kaoalmkmot rmvcmw. 8. Oaka Oaka Ja Jaba bata tao: o: Xupmrvcscer  Ruaol icolgup gmrja uotug supmrvcser aotara iaco: kmolawasc gmlcatao presms prefugsc smsuac fmolao rmohaoa fao presmfur gmrja7 kmkmrcgsa smiuru` iaperao fao hatatao hatatao yaol fcbuat fcbuat Nermkao Nermkao/Epmrater /Epmrater apaga` sufa` smsuac fmolao typchai (guaictas fao gapasctas)7 kmiagugao geerfcoasc fmolao pc`ag Molcommrcol, QA/QH, TTCH, fao Epmratceo uotug kmofuguol gmlcatao presms sm`colla sasarao kutu fapat fchapac7 geotrei pmkagacao smiuru` baraol geosukabim fao kmkbuat fata pmkagaca pmka gacaooya ooya77 kmoharc kmoharc jaiao jaiao gmiuar gmiuar tmr`afa tmr`afap p suatu suatu kasaia` kasaia` yaol yaol kmol`ak kmol`akbat bat presms pres ms fao kmkbuat kmkbuat rmohaoa rmohaoa pmrbacga pmrbacgao o fao kefcncga kefcncgasc7 sc7 kmol kmolakb akbcici gmp gmputus utusao ao uotug traosnmr prefug tcfag smsuac luoa kmoluraolc fewo tckm7 kmkbuat jafwai

 

3

atau piaoocol pmrawatao/pmkbmrsc`ao, pmollaotcao fao kefcncgas pmraiatao presms7 kmoymimsacgao kasaia` yaol bmr`ubuolao fmolao pmrseoaicao fc prefugsc.

6. Oaka Oaka Ja Jaba bata tao: o: Asscstaot  Asscstaot Xupmrvcscer  Xupmrvcscer  Ruaol Rua ol icolgup icolgup gmrja gmrja ascstmo ascstmo supmrvcsc supmrvcscer er aotara aotara iaco: iaco: kmolawa kmolawasc sc epmrasce epmrasceaoai aoai piaot, Nermkao Nermkao fao  fao Epmrater7 pmkmrcgsaao hatatao kutu7 kmiagugao pmoymsuacao smttcol parakmtmr presms uotug kmofapatgao guaictc/guaotctc guaictc/guaotctc tmrkasug pmruba`ao smttcol smtt col bcia fcpmriuga fcpmriugao, o, kmkastcg kmkastcgao ao pmolakb pmolakbciao ciao sakpim sakpim smsuac smsuac presmfu presmfurr fao kmkmrc kmk mrcgsa gsa `asci `asci cospm cospmgsc gsc apaga apaga` ` sufa` sufa` smsuac smsuac sp spmsc mscncg ncgasc asc ya yaol ol fctmo fctmotug tugao ao77 bmrsaka-saka bmrsaka-sa ka fmolao eraol molcommrcol molcommrcol kmoymim kmoymimsacgao sacgao pmrbacgao pmraiatao yaol rusag uotug kmol`cofarc baoyagoya fewo tckm7 tckm7 kmkbaotu gmrja supmrvcscer  =. Oaka Oaka Ja Jaba bata tao: o: Nermkao Ruaol Rua ol icolgup icolgup gmrja gmrja fermkao fermkao aotara aotara iaco: iaco: kmolaw kmolawasc asc epmrasce epmrasceoai oai piaot piaot fao epmrater kmiaiuc nerk/iel s`mmt yaol afa fao pmolawasao iaolsuol gm iapaolao7 kmkckpco fao kmolara`gao smiuru` epmrater uotug kmojaiaogao agtcnctas prefugsc smsuac rmohaoa tmrkasug faiak `ai pmkbmrsc`aoa pmkbmrsc`aoa pmraiatao presms fao arma piaot7 kmiagugao pmoymsuacao smttcol parakmtmr presms uotug kmofapatgao guaictc/guaotctc tmrkasug pmruba`ao smttcol bcia fcpmriugao7 kmkmrcgsa kmsco-kmsco presms farc suatu gmrusagao atau bmrepmrasc tcfag oerkai, kmkbuat iaperao gmrja fao fata-fata guaictc/g guai ctc/guao uaotctc tctc smtcap smtcap s`ct-oya s`ct-oya fao kmiaguga kmiagugao o smra` smra` tmrcka tmrcka pmgmrja pmgmrjaao, ao, pmraiata pmraiatao o gmrja, gmrj a, eutstao eutstaofcol fcol pmgm pmgmrjaa rjaao, o, conerkas conerkascc epmrasce epmrasceoai oai ataupu ataupuo o pmrkasai pmrkasaia`ao a`ao yaol yaol fc`afapc. >. Oaka Oaka Ja Jaba bata tao: o: Epmrater 

 

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Ruaol icolgup gmrja epmrater aotara iaco: kmolepmrascgao kmsco-kmsco presms kmiaiuc gekputmr geotrei paomi fao iapaolao7 kmohatat parakmtmr geotrei presms farc gekputmr fao iapaolao7 kmiapergao gm atasao (Nermkao/Xupmrvcscer) bcia afa pmraiata pmra iatao o yaol yaol tcfag tcfag bmrjaiao bmrjaiao fmolao fmolao oerkai7 oerkai7 kmkmrcgs kmkmrcgsa a gmhugupa gmhugupao o suppiac suppiac acr acr,, stmak, aolco ba`ao bagar, ba`ao gckca pmofuguol pmofuguol (T`esper, Hctrch, Bimah`col) fao ba`ao ba`ao pmofu pmofuguo guol l iacooy iacooya7 a7 kmola kmolakbc kbcii fao fao kmola kmolatar tar sa sakpm kpmii kcoya kcoyag g smsua smsuacc presmfur fao kmohatat `ascioya7 kmkbmrsc`gao arma piaot, heotrei reek fao kmscokmsco presms. 241> smb smbaoya aoyag g 131< 131< garyawao garyawao.. TV. TV. \cikar \cikar Oabatc Oabatc Cofeomsca Cofeomsc a Lrmscg kmrupagao kmrupagao Bafao ]sa` ]sa`a a Kcicg Xwasta yaol saat coc fcgmieia fcgmieia eim` TV.. \cikar Cotmroat TV Cotmroatceo ceoai. ai. Tabrcg Tabrcg coc fcpckpco fcpckpco eim` smeraol smeraol Busscomss ]oct @maf. Vmoala gmrja fc TV \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca Lrmscg fcbmfagao kmojafc fua balcao, yactu: 1. Vmoa oala la gmr gmrja ja s`c s`cnt nt Vmoala gmrja yaol tmrkasug leieolao coc yactu tmoala gmrja yaol bmr`ubuolao fmolao balcao presms prefugsc smrta balcao iaco smpmrtc taog nark, nark, quaicty heotrei , nciicol nciic ol piaot  piaot ,  pahgalco  pahgalcol  l , smhurcty . Kmsco-km Kmsco-kmsco sco paf pafa a balcao balcao prefugsc prefugsc bmrepmra bmrepmrasc sc smhara tmrus-kmomrus atau 26 jak oeo-step. Eim` garmoa ctu, fcpmriugao jak gmrja garyawao fmolao scstmk s`cnt yaol kmicputc: a. X`c `cnt nt C (pm (pmrt rtak aka) a)

: pugu puguii 40.4 40.444-1> 1>.4 .44 4 \CB \CB

b. X`c `cnnt CC (g (gm mfua) ua)

: pugui 1>.44 .44-4 -44 4.44 .44 \CB

h. X`c `cnnt CC CCC (gm (gmtc tcl la)

: pu pugui 44.44 .44-4 -40 0.44 .44 \CB \CB

2. Vmoala oala gmrja gmrja oeo-s oeo-s`cnt `cnt ata atau u rmluiar  rmluiar 

 

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Vmoal oala a gmrja yaol tmrkasug tmrkasug faiak faiak gmiekpe gmiekpeg g coc yactu yactu kmohagu kmohagup p stann stann fao garyawao balcao gaoter fao afkcocstrasc. afkcocstrasc . Vmoala Vmoala gmrja oeo-s`cnt kmkcicgc moak `arc gmrja fmolao jak gmrja uotug moak `arc gmrja kuiac pugui 40.44-1>.44 40.44-1>.44 \CB uotug `arc Xmoco `colla `colla Jukat, fao `arc Xabtu Xabtu pugui 40.44-18.44 40.44-18.44 \CB. Bmrcgut Bmrcgut jak gmrja oeo-s`cnt atau rmluiar yaol agao fcsajcgao faiak Vabmi =. Vabmi =. Jak gmrja oeo-s`cnt @arc Jak Gmrja Cstcra`at Xmoco-Gakcs 40.44-1>.1= 12.44-18.44 Jukat 40.44-1>.1= 11.84-18.44 Xabtu 40.44-12.44 Kcollu Icbur (enn fay ) (TV. \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca Lrmscg, 241>) Xtaofar pmofcfcgao garyawao TV \cikar Oabatc uotug epmrater atau pmiagsaoa kcocka kco ckaii afai afaia` a` XK XKA/X A/XKG KG smfmra smfmrajat jat.. Xm Xmfa faol olgao gao uo uotu tug g ne nermk rmkao ao fa fao o tco tcolga lgatt fcatasoya kcockai bmrpmofcfcgao F8 uotug garyawao baru.Saol kmkbmfagao uotug kmof km ofap apat atga gao o jaba jabata tao o atau atau pa paol olga gatt fc TV \cik \cikar ar Oaba Oabatc tc Co Cofe feom omsc sca a af afai aia` a` pmolaiakao gmrja yaol sufa` pmroa` fcjaiaogao. 1.2.8.8 1.2. 8.8 Gmsm`ata Gmsm`atao o fao fao Gmsmiak Gmsmiakatao atao Gmrja Gmrja TV \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca Lrmscg kmrupagao pmrusa`aao yaol bmrlmrag faiak faia k bcfaol bcfaol pmoleia pmoleia`ao `ao kcoyag gmiapa gmiapa sawct sawct fao turuoao turuoaooya. oya. Faiak Faiak raolga raolga kmkbaoluo kmkbaol uo Xystmk Kaoajmkmo Gmsmiakatao Gmsm`atao Gmrja fao Icolguolao (XKG8&I), kaga prcoscp XKG8&I `arus fctmlaggao. Trcoscp XKG8&I aotara iaco: 1. Gmsmiak Gmsmiakatao atao fao gmsm`ata gmsm`atao o gmrja gmrja smrta pmohmla`a pmohmla`ao o pmohmka pmohmkarao rao icolguola icolguolao o afaia` taolluol jawab bmrsaka. 2. Xmkua gmhmiagaao gmhmiagaao gmrja, gmrja, gmbagarao gmbagarao fao pmohmkarao pmohmkarao bcsa bcsa fchmla`. fchmla`. 8. Fcpmriugao gekctkmo fao gmtmricbatao gmtmricbatao smkua pc`ag uotug kmohcptagao kmohcptagao G8&I. G8&I. 6. Fcgm Fcgmkb kbao aolg lgao ao M@X M@X (Mkm (Mkmrlmo rlmohy hy @azzarf @azzarf Xmhurcty Xmhurcty)) kaoajmkmo scstmk uotug geosmgumoscoya. =. kmojakco M@X ebsmrvasc/cospmgsc/a ebsmrvasc /cospmgsc/aufct ufct pmriu pmriu fciagugao uotug kmkastcgao G8&I.

 

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@crargc pmolmofaicao yaol fctmrapgao faiak TV \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca Lrmscg afa 8, yactu: 1. Molco Molcomm mmrco rcol l (rmg (rmgaya ayasa sa tmgocg tmgocg)) - Tmicofu Tmicofuol ol atau atau pmo pmoutup utup,, smpmrtc smpmrtc pmou pmoutup tup pafa pafa gabmigabmi-gabm gabmii yaol afa fcfai fcfaiak ak presms tcfag beim` tmrgmiupas. Bcasaoya jcga tmrfapat gabmi yaol tcfag akao atau tmrgmiupas kaga agao afa pmofmtmgsc atau aiark yaol kmoaofagao

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ba`wa gmafaao tcfag akao. X`utfew X`utfewo o etekat etekatcs cs pafa pafa kmsco kmsco yaol yaol tujua tujuaooy ooya a uotug uotug kmol`c kmol`cofa ofarc rc tmrjafc tmrjafcoya oya

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evmrniew. @aof @aof raci yaol yaol fclu fcluoa oaga gao o uo uotu tug g pm pmoh ohml mla` a`ao ao jcga tmrja tmrjatu tu` ` fa farc rc iaot iaotac ac yaol yaol

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tcollc tcfag iaolsuol jatu` gmbawa`. Talar Talar pmol pmolakao akao,, shann shanneifc eifcol, ol, icnm icom, icom, l luarf uarf raci, piat piatnerk nerk.. Tmofmtmgsc E2  atau atau las-l las-las as iaco iaco ya yaol ol fcluo fcluoaga agao o pa pafa fa ruaol ruaol tm tmrba rbata tas, s, kcsaioya pafa saat kmiagugao pmrbacgao taolgc kaga E 2 `arus fc hmg tmrimbc` fa`uiu, apaga` E2 yaol tmrsmfca sufa` hugup atau tcfag. Ociac oerkai E 2

uotug eraol bmgmrja afaia` 24,3%. - Iehg eu eut sy systmk - Kacotmoaohm - Ketc Ketcva vas sc fao fao k ke efcnc cncgasc gasc 2.  Afkcocstra  Afkcocstratceo tceo  (afkcocstrasc) (afkcocstrasc)  Afkcocstratceo  Afkcocstra tceo kmrupagao suatu hara yaol fciagugao uotug kmkpmrkufa` saat fciagugao cfmotcncgasc gmpafa garyawao atau eraol yaol bmrafa fc icolguolao TV \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca Lrmscg. Eim` garmoa ctu smiuru` eraol yaol bmrafa fc icolguo icol guolao lao cofustry cofustry `arus `arus kmkpmr`a kmkpmr`atcga tcgao o fao kmkatu` kmkatu`cc pmrsyara pmrsyaratao tao smbalac smbalac bmrcgut: -\C (\erg (\erg Costruhtceo)/XET Costruhtceo)/XET uotug bmgmrja -Kmolmoagao CF harf, imbmiicol, tal eut, fao kmkpmr`atcgao sclobearf yaol afa fcicolguolao cofustrc - Kmolcgutc tracocol/brcmncol/km tracocol/brcmncol/kmmtcol mtcol - Kmkpmr`atcgao Kmkpmr`atcgao KXFX (Katmrcai Xanmty Fata X`mmt)

 

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8. Kmkag Kmkagac ac ATF ATF (Aiat (Aiat pmicof pmicofuo uol l Fcrc) Fcrc) smpmrtc smpmrtc `mik, `mik, saruol saruol taolao taolao,, sanmty liass, liass, wmifcol hup, hup, lellims lellims,, smpatu sanmty fii. ]otug kmkmou`c XKG8&I kaga tcap-tcap piaot kmkcicgc aturao yaol bmrbmfabmfa, smsuac fmolao geofcsc piaot. Fc piaot eimeh`mkchai, smpmrtc piaot natty ahcfm liyhmrco liyh mrcom m fao piaot piaot `yfr `yfrelm elmoatc oatceo eo tcfag tcfag fcpmrbe fcpmrbeim`g im`gao ao kmkbawa kmkbawa @aofp`e @aofp`eom, om, ha hakmr kmra, a, atau atau aiat aiat mimgtr mimgtreo eocg cg iacooy iacooya. a. Garmo Garmoa a rmfcas rmfcascc ya yaol ol fctckb fctckbuig uigao ao fa fapa patt kmola kmo lagcb gcbatg atgao ao ba`ay ba`aya. a. Bmlct Bmlctu u jula jula fmol fmolao ao piaot piaot bcefcm bcefcmsmi smi,, smiaco smiaco fciara fciaraol ol kmkbawa aiat mimhtreoch, gmofaraao yaol kmimwatc arma piaot jula fcpmrcgsa nakm arrmstmr (sarcolao las buaol) `arus tmrjala. TV. \cikar Oabatc Lrmscg tmia` kmofapatgao smrtcncgat yaol kmofuguol tmotaol pmiagsaoaao XKG8, aoatara iaco: - E@XAX E@XAX 10 10441 441:244 :244. Kms garyawao garyawao tmruotu tmruotug g garyaw garyawao ao yaol yaol fc kuta kutasc sc Gmiura`ao Gmiura`ao Cofre, Cofre, Lrmscg, Jawa

Vckur. Iuas gmsmiuru`ao arma pabrcg yactu 8, Gk. Tresms beolgar kuat pmtc gmkas bmiuk bcsa fciagugao fc Jmtty, tmtapc bcsa fciagugao fc pmiabu`ao Vaojuol Tmrag, eim` garmoa ctu beolgar kuat fciagugao fc pmiab pmi abu` u`ao ao Vaojuol ojuol Tm Tmrag ragfa fao o uotug uotug pmol pmolao aolgu lgutao tao ba barao raol l ya yaol ol bm bmras rasai ai fa farc rc pm pmia iabu bu`a `ao o

Vaojuo ojuol l

Tm Tmra rag g

tcfa tcfag g

kmkm kmkmri riug ugao ao ja jara rag g

ya yaol ol ja jau` u` fa fao o

fa fapa patt

kmoluotuolgao pabrcg \cikar. Jarag Jara g fmolao fmolao geta Xurabay Xurabaya a + 84 Gk. Aiasao Aiasao pmkcic`a pmkcic`ao o imtag imtag pabrcg pabrcg yao yaol l bmrafa fc Lrmscg fao fmgat fmolao geta Xurabaya garmoa Xurabaya kmrupagao geta tmrbmsar tmrbmsar gmfua gmfua smtmia` smtmia` Jagarta. Jagarta. Jafc uotu uotug g pmkbmica pmkbmicao o ba`ao-b ba`ao-ba`a a`ao o yaol fcbutu`gao fapat fcpmreim` fmolao kufa` fao tmrsmfca fc geta Xurabaya. Xmiaco ctu, imtag imtag ge geta ta Xurab Xurabaya aya ya yaol ol stratm stratmlc lcs s garmo garmoa a fm fmga gatt fm fmol olao ao pm pmia iabu` bu`ao ao fa fao o jula jula bmrsm bmrsmbm bmrao raola lao o fmol fmolao ao pui puiau au Gai Gaicka ckaot otao ao fa fao o Xuiaw Xuiawmsc msc agao agao kmkpm kmkpmrku rkufa fa` ` pmkasarao prefug, g`ususoya wciaya` Cofeomsca balcao tckur. Ja Jarag rag fmol fmolao ao baofa baofara ra juaof juaofa a + 6= Gk. Gk. Xmpm Xmpmrtc rtc pa pafa fa la lakba kbarr 1.2.1 1.2.1,, Jarag Jarag tmrsmbut fapat fcgatagao hugup fmgat, sm`colla fapat kmkcockaigao bcaya katmrcai  `aoficol . Xmiaco ctu, baofara Juaofa kmrupagao baofara Cotmroasceoai sm`colla fapat kmkpmrkufa` kmkpmrkufa` garyawao smrta katmrcai yaol fcbutu`gao \cikar yaol kmiaiuc  jaiur ufara. ufara.

 

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Lakbar 1. Iegasc TV \cikar Oabatc Cofeomsca uoct Lrmscg

Lakbar 2. Iayeut TV \cikarOabatc Cofeomsca uoct Lrmscg Gmtmraolao: 1. 2. 8. 6. =. >. . T KM Ncitmr  2. Vaolgc Tmoyckpaoao Rmn  1