What Is CSFB and SRVCC in LTE - Telecomhall

 

2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff Dnkm

tmfmenkDoff Dnkm

Dultmr

Uatm Ko Kop

Rmiastmr

mltmr smored tmrks   Umored  

Uail Al

Imt Dultmr

Zaps

Enursm

Irnups

Cnruks

Gnbs

Mvmlts

Enkkulaty

Jnwlfnojs

Obnut

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> -

Xnstmj by fmnpmjrala Ymjlmsjoy, Ymjlmsjoy, Koy 28, 28?= 17?1788 OK Eotminrams7 Enursm Enursm  EUC EUCB B AKU AKU  FZM FZM  UR URSEE SEE  SnFZM

U

Xrmvanus Xnst 66  66  Ydot orm Knjms, Utotms olj Zrolsatanls Zrol satanls al IUK, ]KZU olj FZM> Ydot as EX (Eyefae Xrmcax) al FZM> Ydot as FEU (olj FBU)> Ydot jnms Nrtdninlof kmols al Yarmfmss Lmtwnr`s>

AX-bosmj poe`mt-swatedmj (XU Xoe`mt Uwatedmj). Zdm cnffnwali caiurm sdnws dnw tdmsm twn jnkoals

Ydot as AUA (Altmr Uykbnf Altmrcmrmlem) al FZM>

wnr`.

Ydot as Upfattmr olj Enkbalmr> Olofyzali Envmroim watd Xrnpoiotanl Jmfoy - XJ olj Zakali Ojvolem - ZO (IUKYEJKO-FZM) Ydot as RRE olj ROB> Ydot as Rmtrolskassanl, OR_ olj DOR_> AX Xoe`mt swatedali al Zmfmenk - Xort : AX Xoe`mt swatedali al Zmfmenk - Xort 5 AX Xoe`mt swatedali al Zmfmenk - Xort 2 AX Xoe`mt swatedali al Zmfmenk - Xort ? Innjbym AXv:... Dmffn AXv3!

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?/?3

 

2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff

Oredavms Opraf, 28?3 (2) Koy, 28?= (?) Lnvmkbmr, 28?: (2) Netnbmr, 28?: (?) Cmbruory, 28?: (?) Netnbmr, 28?5 (?) Gulm, 28?5 (?) Koy, 28?5 (?) Gulm, 28?2 (?) Kored, 28?2 (?) Cmbruory, 28?2 (2) Goluory, 28?2 (?) Lnvmkbmr, 28?? (?) Netnbmr, 28?? (?) Umptmkbmr, 28?? (?) Gulm, 28?? (?) Opraf, 28?? (2)

 

Kored, 28?? (5)

Olj al FZM (:I) systmk wm doj olntdmr irmot edolim7 tdm EU jnkoal dos bmml mxtaliuasdmj! FZM lmtwnr`s orm bosmj mxefusavmfy nl tdm XU jnkoal, olj vnaem smrvaems sdnufj bm eorramj nut al ntdmr woys

Cmbruory, 28?? (=) Goluory, 28?? (?) Jmemkbmr, 28?8 (2)

(os wm sdoff smm). But os wm kmltanlmj kmltanlmj,, rmiorjfmss nc lmtwnr` tnpnfniams, vnaem smrvaems orm staff lmmjmj. (Nc enursm, tdmy sfaidtfy jmermosmj enkpormj tn o cmw ymors oin, but orm staff sailacaeolt, am tdmar jmkolj enltalums). enltalums). Yatd tdm enltalum irnwtd nc FZM lmtwnr`s, fmt's try tn uljmrstolj o fattfm knrm tdm enlempts, oftmrlotavms olj snfutanls cnr oly usmr tn ko`m o vnaem eoff nl ol FZM lmtwnr`> Lntm7 Off tmfmenkDoff ortaefms orm nraialoffy wrattml al Xnrtuiumsm. Cnffnwali wm trolsfotm tn Mlifasd olj  Upolasd. Os nur takm as sdnrt, koybm ynu calj snkm typns (snkmtakms wm gust usm tdm outnkotae  trolsfotnr, watd nlfy o calof olj 'quae`' rmvamw). Ym opnfniazm olj wm dovm ol uljmrstoljali nc nur  mccnrt. Ac ynu wolt tn enltrabutm trolsfotali / enrrmetali nc tdmsm foliuoims, nr mvml ermotali olj   pubfasdali ynur tutnraofs, pfmosm pfmosm enltoet us7 us7 enltoet .  

Dnw,, wdml olj wdmrm> Dnw Carst nc off, wm lmmj tn uljmrstolj dnw, wdml olj wdmrm vnaem eoffs eol neeur. Al tdm 2I fmioey lmtwnr`s, vnaem eoffs orm kojm proetaeoffy nlfy nl eareuats - cnr moed eoff (EU jnkoal). Al 5I fmioey lmtwnr`s, vnaem smrvaems eol usm tdm EU jnkoal, but eol ofsn bm kojm tdrnuid NZZ (Nvmr Zdm Znp) snfutanls, oppfaeotanls tdot mleopsufotm tdm vnaem olj trolspnrt vao ol AX jnkoal (XU), but wdn foe` tdm _nU rmquarmkmlts lmmjmj tn mlsurm innj enkkulaeotanl - watd tdm Lnl IBR typm smrvaems (ln bat rotm iuoroltmm). Mxokpfm7 U`ypm. Lntm7 At as vmry ulusuof, but at as ofsn pnssabfm tn ko`m NZZ vnaem eoffs nl 2I lmtwnr`s. Al coet, tdmrm koy bm NZZ snfutanls al oly tmedlnfniy - at eol bm usmj al fmioey lmtwnr`s, olj ofsn al ntdmrs sued os YaCa - wdaed orm ofrmojy enkknlfy usmj cnr SnAX. Olj al FZM lmtwnr`s, vnaem eoffs eol bm cuffy AX-bosmj, eol usm NZZ snfutanls vao :I, nr bm trolscmrrmj tn tdm fmioey 2I/5I.

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2/?3

 

2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff

  Os wm bmial tn smm, tdmrm orm koly oftmrlotavms. Os usuof, wm waff mosafy smm moed nlm. Lntm7 Al tdas tutnraof, wm waff ofwoys rmcmr tn vnaem eoffs (nraialotali olj/nr tmrkalotali)0 Dnwmvmr, UKU smrvaems orm ofsn alefujmj.  

Oftmrlotavm tn vnaem eoffs al o imlmrae i mlmrae 2I-5I-:I Lmtwnr` Znpnfniy Znpnfniy Olj tdm bmst woy tn uljmrstolj tdm oftmrlotavms nr pnssabafatams nc ko`ali vnaem eoffs al FZM lmtwnr` (:I), at as tn stort crnk o 2I-5I-:I lmtwnr` tnpnfniy vmry sakpfacamj - enlsajmrali nlfy tdm koal mfmkmlts alvnfvmj. Os wm eol smm al tdm cnffnwali caiurm, tdm FZM (MXE) dos ln jarmet 'fal`' tn tdm EU lmtwnr` - os wm dovm smml, at as jmsailmj tn to`m eorm nc purmfy AX (XU) eoffs. At dos ln Kmjao Iotmwoy jarmetfy enllmetmj, sn ln EU eoff as suppnrtmj by tdm KKM.

  Al ntdmr wnrjs, ac tdm usmr nr ]M (]smr Mquapkmlt) as nl o FZM lmtwnr`, os sdnwl al tdm tnpnfniy obnvm, wm eol lnt ko`m o vnaem eoff. Lntm7 Os kmltanlmj bmcnrm olj oeenrjali tn tdm tnpnfniy obnvm, tdm nlfy woy tn dovm vnaem smrvaems al FZM wnufj bm tdrnuid NZZ smrvaems sued os U`ypm. Dnwmvmr, tdas snfutanl as lnt jaseussmj tnjoy. Ac wm uljmrstolj tdas, at as ofsn mosy tn rmofazm tdot al nrjmr cnr wm tn dovm vnaem smrvaems al FZM, edolims lmmj tn bm kojm. Zdmrm orm snkm oftmrlotavms, olj bmfnw wm dovm tdm koal nlms7 SnFIO (Snaem nvmr FZM vao Imlmrae Oeemss)7 ]sm fmioey 2I/5I os o imlmrae oeemss, 'poe`oiali' vnaem smrvaems, olj SnFIO (Snaem jmfavmrali vao FZM. EUCB (EU EUCB  (EU Coff Boe`)7 wdmlmvmr tdm ]M dovm tdm lmmj tn pfoem o eoff, ko`m at rmvmrt (coffboe`) cnr fmioey lmtwnr`s.

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5/?3

 

2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff SnFZM SnFZM (Snaem  (Snaem nvmr FZM)7 ko`m vnaem nvmr FZM atsmfc. Al tdas eosm, tdm vnaem as purm AX - SnAX FZM. URSEE (Ualifm URSEE  (Ualifm Rojan Snaem Eoff Enltaluaty)7 mlsurm tdot purmfy FZM (SnFZM) eoffs orm trolscmrrmj (vao doljnvmr) tn tdm fmioey lmtwnr`s al o trolspormlt kollmr.

Lntm7 lntaem tdot tdm URSEE as ol nptanl wdml tdm vnaem eoff dos bmml mstobfasdmj al FZM. Am at as o enljatanlof oftmrlotavm - enlsajmrali tdot SnFZM nptanl dos bmml usmj. Mvml watdnut `lnwali vmry wmff tdm nptanls prmsmltmj, at as mosy tn akoialm tdot tdm 'bmst' snfutanl wnufj eorry vnaem nvmr tdmar nwl FZM lmtwnr`. But fa`m mvmrytdali al facm, at ofsn dovm tdm ntdmr sajm, tdm prns olj enls. Zn jmfavmr vnaem smrvaems al FZM lmtwnr` as lmemssory tn dovm ol alcrostrueturm tdot suppnrt at. Al ntdmr wnrjs, tdmrm lmmjs tn mxast ol AKU (AX Kuftakmjao Uubsystmk nr AX Kuftakmjao Enrm Lmtwnr` Uubsystmk). Ac ol AKU as ovoafobfm, tdml tdm vnaem nvmr FZM koy bm prnvajmj os fnli os o kalakuk smt nc AKU culetanlofaty olj mltatams ofsn orm prmsmlt. Lntm7 AKU as kued knrm enkpfmtm, olj dovm knrm ntdmr purpnsms tdol tdm vnaem. Zdm vnaem as gust olntdmr 'oppfaeotanl' nc AKU, os wm'ff smm snnl. Zdas kalakuk smt nc cmoturms olj mltatams nc tdm AKU (eoffmj SnFZM nr Nlm Snaem) wos stoljorjazmj tn mlobfm FZM npmrotnrs tn prnvajm vnaem smrvaems watdnut dovali tn ko`m vmry rojaeof edolims al tdm lmtwnr` (watdnut dovali tn alvmst al o enkpfmtm AKU, watd off mltatams olj culetanlofaty). Al oly eosm, at rmquarms alvmstkmlt. Olj tdmrmcnrm tdm carst twn oftmrlotavms bmenkm ottroetavm7 bosmj nl fmioey lmtwnr` EU alcrostrueturm. But ac nl tdm nlm dolj sued oftmrlotavms rmquarm fmss alvmstkmlt al FZM lmtwnr`, tdmsm oftmrlotavms jmpmlj nl tdm mxastali 2I/5I lmtwnr`s. Fmt's tof` o fattfm knrm obnut moed nc tdmsm pnssabafatams, but ofwoys tryali tn koaltoal tdm nvmrvamw, al tdm sakpfmst pnssabfm woy tn uljmrstolj. Rmkmkbmr tdot nur inof as tn fmorl tdm enlempt, al nrjmr tn mlobfm o jmmpmlali nl tdm subgmet, ac jmsarmj, knrm mosafy.  

SnFIO Zdm carst akpfmkmltotanl oftmrlotavm tdot mkmrimj wos tdm SnFIO (Snaem nvmr FZM vao Imlmrae Oeemss), nr7 try tn usm wdot orm ofrmojy ovoafobfm, watd kalakof edolims rmquarmj. Zn usm tdm alcrostrueturm nc fmioey 2I/5I lmtwnr`s, SnFIO altrnjuems o lmw lmtwnr` mltaty, tdm SLE (SnFIO Lmtwnr` Enltrnffmr), wdaed bosaeoffy culetanls os o 2I BUE, enkkulaeotali watd o IUK KUE (Knbafm Uwatedali Emltmr) olj os nlm 5I RLE enkkulaeotali watd o ]KZU KUE (Knbafm Uwatedali Emltmr).

  Ydml wm dovm o lmw eoff (bm at nraialotmj nr tmrkalotmj), at as koloimj by tdm KUE nc fmioey lmtwnr`. SLE as wdn kmjaotms tdm vnaem sailof olj ats rmfotmj kmssoims bmtwmml tdm KUE olj tdm FZM lmtwnr`. Oftdnuid at as pnssabfm tn eorry nut tdm jmfavmry nc vnaem olj UKU smrvaems tn usmrs FZM, tdm Snfio wos ulsueemsscuf. Zdas as bmeousm, os wm dovm smml, mxefusavm alvmstkmlt orm lmmjmj cnr tdas purpnsm. Ot tdm

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:/?3

 

2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff

sokm takm dnwmvmr, ifnbof mccnrts tn SnFZM alermosmj (mi alvmstkmlts al AKU), olj tdus tdas oftmrlotavm mvmltuoffy coffmj altn jasusm.  

EUCB But ac al nlm dolj npmrotnrs cnffnw smm`ali o enkpfmtm FZM alcrostrueturm (watd cuff AKU) tn kmmt kuftakmjao smrvaems olj ofsn purmfy FZM vnaem, tdas as lnt o tnpnfniy tdot as ovoafobfm al tdm sdnrt olj mvml kmjauk tmrk. Ydafm tdot rmofaty jnmsl't enkm, wm kust usm tdm fmioey lmtwnr` wdml tdmrm as tdm lmmj nc vnaem olj UKU jmfavmry tn FZM usmrs. Olj tdm knst enkknl oftmrlotavm tn tdas as tdm EUCB (EU Coff Boe`), ol altmrak snfutanl ultaf wm dovm cuff suppnrt cnr vnaem nvmr FZM. Ot EUCB sedmkm, wdmlmvmr tdmrm as o jmkolj cnr o lmw vnaem eoff, tdm FZM usmr as 'boe`mj' cnr o EU fmioey lmtwnr`, ossukali tdot tdas prnvajms ol nvmrfoppali envmroim. Al ntdmr wnrjs, watd EUCB, o vnaem eoff as lmvmr oetavm al FZM, but al fmioey lmtwnr`s. Ot tdm mlj nc tdm eoff al tdm fmioey lmtwnr`, tdm ]M eol rm-rmiastmr tdm FZM lmtwnr`. At inms snkmtdali fa`m tdas7 tdm ]M as rmiastmrmj (ofsn) al tdm fmioey lmtwnr`. Ydml at int o eoff, tdm fmioey lmtwnr` tmffs tn FZM lmtwnr`7 'A dovm o eoff tn tdm ]M, eol ynu os` at tn enkm dmrm olj ko`m tdm eoff>' Zn EUCB bm pnssabfm, usmrs kust bm usali juof knjm jmvaems, am obfm tn npmrotm bntd al FZM lmtwnr` olj al tdm fmioey lmtwnr`. Zn suppnrt EUCB, o lmw altmrcoem as altrnjuemj7 tdm UIs, enllmetali tdm KKM tn tdm fmioey KUE.

  Os tdm EUCB as eurrmltfy tdm knst wajmfy usmj nptanl by smvmrof npmrotnrs, fmt's smm snkm bosae semlorans nc at (EUCB).  

EUCB - Rmiastrotanl olj Fneotanl Ydml tdm EUCB ]M as turlmj nl, at rmiastmrs atsmfc al tdm twn lmtwnr`s7 FZM olj fmioey lmtwnr` (EU). Olj tn offnw quae` trolscmr tn tdm fmioey lmtwnr` (matdmr 2I nr 5I) wdml lmemssory, tdm FZM lmtwnr` lmmjs tn `lnw tdm fneotanl nc tdm ]M. Cnr tdas, tdm KKM, wdaed troe`s tdm fneotanl nc tdm ]M al tdm FZM lmtwnr`, enltalunusfy prnvajms fneotanl alcnrkotanl tn tdm fmioey KUE, usali tdm lmw UIs altmrcoem. Zdm smt nc UIs kmssoims tdml suppnrts koloimkmlt nc knbafaty, poiali olj UKU.  

EUCB - Nraialotmj Eoff dttp7//www.tmfmenkdoff.enk/wdot-as-escb-olj-srvee-al-ftm.ospx

=/?3

 

2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff

Ym waff enltalum, olj ossukm tdot tdm ]M as alataoffy envmrmj by tdm FZM lmtwnr`, olj tdot tdmrm as ol oetavm AX enllmetanl. Ydml tdm ]M jmeajms tn nraialotm o vnaem eoff, at smljs ol URK (Umrvaem Rmqumst Kmssoim) tn tdm KKM (knrm spmeacaeoffy tdm MUR - Mxtmljmj Umrvaem Rmqumst). Zdm KKM edme`s wdmtdmr tdm ]M as EUCB eopobfm, olj lntacams tdm mLnjmB tn trolscmr tdm ]M tn tdm fmioey lmtwnr`. Bmcnrm pmrcnrkali tdm ]M trolscmr, tdm mLnjmB eol os` at tn ko`m RC kmosurms nl lmaidbnrali 2I/5I lmtwnr`. Zdm mLnjmB tdml jmeajms tdm bmst lmtwnr` cnr tdm ]M olj pmrcnrks tdm trolscmr. Nlem tdm ]M eokp al 2I/5I lmtwnr`, at storts tdm eoff prnemjurm os usuof - tdm ]M storts tdm eoff enltrnf prnemjurms al fmioey lmtwnr`.  

EUCB ― Eoff + Joto Enllmetanl al FZM Olj wdot doppmls ac A dovm ol oetavm joto enllmetanl al tdm AX FZM lmtwnr`, olj jmeajm tn ko`m o vnaem eoff> Zdmrm orm twn nptanls7 Zdm joto orm ofsn trolscmrrmj tn tdm fmioey lmtwnr`, nr Zdm joto orm tmkpnrorafy suspmljmj, ultaf A rmturl tn tdm FZM lmtwnr`.

Oftdnuid tdm carst nptanl smmks tdm bmst, wm kust to`m altn oeenult tdot tdm trolskassanl nc AX joto as ofsn trolscmrrmj7 at eol npmrotm ot kued fnwmr spmmjs (fmioey systmks). Al ojjatanl, at koy bm tdot tdm fmioey lmtwnr`s jmly tdm AX smssanl jum tn foe` nc rmsnurems nr cnr lnt bmali obfm tn prnemss at. Zdm U5 altmrcoem as usmj tn eorry nut tdm XU smssanl doljnvmr cnr 5I (al tdas eosm, tdm JZK - Juof Zrolscmr Knjm kust mxast, but tdas jmtoafs mseopms cnrk nur tdmkm tnjoy). Zdmrm orm ln :I joto doljnvmr suppnrtmj tn 2I - al tdas eosm, tdm joto as suspmljmj. Zdm mROBs :I orm rmfmosmj wdml tdm ]M pmrcnrks tdm EUCB. Ol akpnrtolt alcnrkotanl as tdot tdm U5 as o 'lmw' altmrcoem bmtwmml KKM olj UIUL nl IZXEv2. Olj tn suppnrt at, tdm UIUL lmmjs tn bm upjotmj (knst eorramrs jn lnt wolt tn jn tdas watdnut o strnli  gustacaeotanl). Olj Il altmrcoem as ofrmojy nl IZXEv?, wdaed as tdm lotavm IZX vmrsanl cnr 5I lmtwnr`s. Un al tdas eosm nlfy tdm KKM lmmjs tn bm upjotmj, olj os at as o rmfotavmfy lmw lnjm, at as prnbobfy mosamr tn jn. Lnt tn kmltanl tdot tdm lmw UIUL koy dovm lotavm suppnrt cnr U5.  

EUCB - Zmrkalotmj Eoff Caloffy, wm dovm tdm eosm nc o tmrkalotmj eoff cnr FZM usmr. Zdm eoff rmqumst orravms carst tn tdm KUE wdmrm tdm ]M wos prmvanusfy rmiastmrmj. Ydml tdm KUE tdm rmemavms eoff rmqumst, at smljs poiali kmssoims tn tdm rmfotmj KKM vao UIs altmrcoem. Zdas kmssoim as cnrworjmj tn tdm ]M, wdaed as staff enllmetmj tn tdm FZM lmtwnr`. Ac tdm usmr oeempts tdm eoff, at smljs ol URK (Umrvaem Rmqumst Kmssoim) tn tdm KKM. Zdm tdml KKM lntacams tdm mLnjmB tn trolscmr tdm ]M cnr tdm fmioey lmtwnr`, olj tdm mLnjmB tdml jmeajm tdm bmst lmtwnr` cnr tdm ]M tn ko`m tdm eoff.  

EUCB ― Ydot doppmls octmr tdm mlj nc tdm EU eoff> Ym dovm smml tdot tdm :I mROBs orm rmfmosmj wdml tdm ]M pmrcnrks tdm EUCB. But wdot doppmls wdml tdm ]M mljs tdm EU eoff> Obnut wdot sdnufj cnffnw lmxt (ac tdm ]M sdnufj rmturl nr lnt tn FZM os snnl mlj tdm eoff EU), tdmrm as ln spmeacae rufm. Olywoy, tdm koal pnssabafatams orm7 Zdm uppmr foymrs cnreali tdm 'rmsmfmetanl' tn FZM sn tdot tdm ]M mltmrs ajfm knjm al fmioey lmtwnr`.

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3/?3

 

2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff Zdm npmrotnr smlj FZM 'rmjarmetanl' alcnrkotanl al RRE enllmetanl rmfmosm kmssoim nc fmioey 5I lmtwnr` octmr tdm eoff as calasdmj. Zdas waff rmsuft oioal al r msmfmetanl tn FZM. Zdm fnwmr foymrs (OU - Oeemss Utrotuk al tdas eosm ]RRE nr IRR) rmsmfmet tn FZM ac tdm rmsmfmetanl eratmranl as sotascamj. Al knst eosms, npmrotnrs dovm tdmar porokmtmrs smt sued tdot tdm rmsmfmetanl tn FZM doppml ac tdmrm as o innj FZM envmroim ormo nvmrfoppali tdm fmioey lmtwnr`.

 

SnFZM Mvmrytdali wm dovm smml sn cor as bosmj nl tdm ko`ali nc vnaem eoff al tdm fmioey lmtwnr`. But os wm dovm smml tdmsm orm 'tmkpnrory' snfutanls ultaf tdm 'calof' snfutanl - SnFZM - as ovoafobfm. Olj tdm calof FZM vnaem snfutanl (Snaem nvmr AX, nr knrm spmeacaeoffy SnFZM) usms tdm AKU boe`bnlm. Ol mxokpfm nc lmtwnr` tnpnfniy suppnrtali SnFZM as sdnwl al tdm cnffnwali caiurm.

  Zn ko`m vnaem eoffs, FZM lmtwnr`s lmmj tn dovm ol AKU. Ydml tdm carst FZM lmtwnr`s oppmormj, tdmy doj ln AKU, olj watdnut AKU, at wos lnt pnssabfm tn ko`m oly eoffs tn oly XUZL nr EU. Ym dovm spn`ml nc tdm AKU bmcnrm, but fmt's rmkmkbmr.  

AKU AKU as o boe`bnlm (lmtwnr`) ot tdm oppfaeotanl fmvmf, wdaed wnr`s nl tnp nc ntdmr warmfmss lmtwnr`s olj lnt gust tdm FZM (os 5I, 2I, YaCa olj ntdmrs). Ats enlempt as quatm brnoj, olj tn uljmrstolj at watd off ats mltatams, pnssabafatams, altmrcoems, prntnenfs, olj pnssabafatams as ol mxtrmkmfy jaccaeuft tos`, mvml cnr tdm knst mxpmramlemj al tdm subgmet. Zdm AKU as lnt lmw7 at ofrmojy mxastmj bmcnrm tdm FZM (os wmff os ntdmr mltatams, sued os tdm MXE XREC, wdaed ofsn as lnt lmw!). Ats enkpfmtm spmeacaeotanl enlsasts nc tdnusoljs olj tdnusoljs nc 5IXX stoljorjs. But fmt's try tn uljmrstolj al o sakpfmr woy tdol tdot cnulj tdmrm. Os ats lokm suiimsts (AX Kuftakmjao Umrvaems), AKU nccmrs smvmrof kuftakmjao AX smrvaems, alefujali SnAX (Snaem nvmr AX). Al AKU, vnaem as gust 'olntdmr' smrvaem! AKU bralis tnimtdmr vnaem cmoturms sued os outdmltaeotanl, smrvaem outdnrazotanl, eoff enltrnf, rnutali, altmrnpmrobafaty watd XUZL, baffali, ojjatanlof smrvaems olj SOU. Lnlm nc tdmsm mxast al tdm MXE7 tdas as tdm rmosnl wdy tdm purm MXE watdnut AKU eol lnt prnemss o vnaem eoff. Al ntdmr wnrjs, cnr SnFZM, oeemss as kojm by tdm UOM (m]ZROL + MXE), wdafm vnaem smrvaem fams al tdm AKU. Ol olofniy wm eol jn as tn enlsajmr tdm AKU bmali o eor. Olj tdm FZM vnaem, os nur sduttfm smrvaem (tn in crnk nlm pfoem tn olntdmr). Ym eol buy o vmry bosae eor - Bosae ?.8 mlialm, wdmmfs, stmmrali wdmmf olj ntdmr kalakuk ports7 yms, wm eol in crnk nlm pfoem tn olntdmr.

dttp7//www.tmfmenkdoff.enk/wdot-as-escb-olj-srvee-al-ftm.ospx

9/?3

 

2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff

Nr wm eol buy o 'enllmetmj' eor - uftro knjmrl, pnwmrcuf, tmtro-cumf, watd off tdm socmty cmoturms, OBU, Oar boi, enllmetmj tn tdm Altmrlmt, mte7 wm ofsn in crnk nlm pfoem tn olntdmr ... but wm eol ko`m smvmrof ntdmr tdalis os wmff!

Zdot's knrm nr fmss wdot doppmls watd tdm AKU. At as usmj al enlguletanl watd tdm FZM lmtwnr` tn suppnrt vnaem7 bntd cuff AKU akpfmkmltotanl olj ofsn tdm kalakuk AKU suiimstmj akpfmkmltotanl cnr Snaem nvmr FZM. But tdm tmfmenkkulaeotanls aljustry wnufj rotdmr lnt alvmst al o cuff AKU, nr ot fmost jaj lnt dovm succaeamlt rmosnl tn jn at akkmjaotmfy. Olj cnr tdm ojnptanl nc tdm sakpfmr AKU vnaem snfutanl, oppmor tdm SnFZM alataotavm, wdaed spmeacams o kalakuk smt nc cmoturms, olj smfmets o sakpfm ednaem wdml kuftapfm nptanls mxast cnr emrtoal cmoturms. Dnwmvmr, lnt off nc tdmsm cmoturms orm rmquarmj cnr jmfavmry nc bosae vnaem smrvaems by tdm FZM lmtwnr`. Un fmt's affustrotm watd o jaoirok (mxtrmkmfy sakpfm) tdm akpfmkmltotanl nc o vnaem al AKU (SnFZM). Fmt's ossukm tdot wm waff ko`m o SnFZM eoff watd o EU lmtwnr` wdotsnmvmr, cnr mxokpfm tdm XUZL (Xubfae Uwated Zmfmpdnly Lmtwnr`). Olj enlsajmr al tdm AKU nlfy twn sakpfm mfmkmlts, nlm cnr tdm enltrnf pfolm (watd sailofali) olj nlm cnr tdm usmr pfolm (watd vnaem). Olj tdm mltry bmali tdm UOM, nr FZM lmtwnr`. Al AKU, tdm enltrnf mfmkmlt wnufj bm o UAX smrvmr (snnl wm waff tof` obnut UAX - cnr lnw gust uljmrstolj tdot wdml wm dovm o eoff rmqumst tn tdas smrvmr, smrvmr, at smts up tdm eoff.)0 olj tdm usmr mfmkmlt wnufj bm o Kmjao Iotmwoy.

  Al enkporasnl watd tdm fmioey lmtwnr`s, tdm UAX Umrvmr as mquavofmlt tn tdm KUE al tdm knbafm lmtwnr` tnpnfniy olj tdm kmjao iotmwoy as mquavofmlt tn o typaeof Kmjao Iotmwoy nl oly lmtwnr` tnpnfniy, wdaed as enkknl al vartuoffy oly vnaem lmtwnr` tn doljfm eoffs. Zdm obnvm enlempt as vofaj, but al proetaem tdm AKU enlsasts nc kued knrm mltatams, os smml bmfnw. Lntm7 Lnt off pnssabfm/mxastali mltatams olj altmrcoems orm sdnwl al tdm caiurm.

dttp7//www.tmfmenkdoff.enk/wdot-as-escb-olj-srvee-al-ftm.ospx

4/?3

 

2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff

  Fmt's (quae`fy) smm o fattfm obnut tdmsm `my mfmkmlts. Lntm7 Jn lnt wnrry nr try tn uljmrstolj mvmrytdali lnw obnut tdmsm mfmkmlts. Rmkmkbmr tdot nur inof dmrm tnjoy as lnt tdot. Olywoy, at's wnrtd o rmoj. Zdm KIEC (Kmjao Iotmwoy Enltrnffmr Culetanl) as tdm enltrnf mfmkmlt tdot enkkulaeotms watd ntdmr XUZL lmtwnr`s. At as sailacaeolt bmeousm at dos tn altmr-lmtwnr`ali culetanl7 eol spmo` UAX, eol spmo` AU]X, eol spmo` ntdmr sailofali prntnenfs. Zdm AK-KIY (AK Kmjao Iotmwoy) as tdm mfmkmlt tdot to`ms eorm nc vnaem culetanls cnr mxokpfm ko`ali prntnenf trolsfotanl rmquarmj tn suppnrt tdm eoff. Knrm spmeacaeoffy bmtwmml tdm Rmof Zakm Zrolspnrt Xrntnenf (RZX) tn olofni cnrkot nr bosae XEK al tdm EU lmtwnr`0 olj vaem vmrso. Zdm DUU (Dnkm Uubserabmr Umrvmr) as ol mfmkmlt tdot ofsn mxasts al tdm FZM MXE (oftdnuid oppmormj carst al AKU), olj ats culetanls orm sakafor. Zdm KRC (Kmjao Rmsnurem Culetanl) prnvajms koly smrvaems rmfotmj tn vnaem, sued os enlcmrmlems, ollnulemkmlts, vnaem rmenilatanl olj sn nl. At as ofwoys javajmj altn twn ports, tdm KRCX (Kmjao Rmsnurem Culetanl Xrnemssnr), cnr kmjao strmoks, olj tdm KRCE (Kmjao Rmsnurem Culetanl Enltrnffmr) tdot culetanls bosaeoffy os ol RZX 'kaxmr'. Ol akpnrtolt enlempt, olj tdot's wnrtd stolj nut dmrm as tdm Xrnxy, cnr mxokpfm tn ko`m caftmrs, ajmltacy wdmrm tdm usmrs enkm crnk, tdm eosms nc rnokali, mte. Rmkmkbmr tdot wm orm tof`ali obnut ol AX lmtwnr`. Alstmoj nc tdm usmrs tn spmo` jarmetfy watd tdm UAX smrvmr, tdmy usm tdm prnxy. Zdm EUEC (Eoff Umssanl Enltrnf Culetanl) dos snkm voraotanls. N X-EUEC (Xrnxy EUEC) oknli ntdmr tos`s, prnvajms _nU alcnrkotanl rmfotmj tn tdm FZM lmtwnr`. Oeeemss ol OC tn vnaem smrvaem, olj prnvajms tdm enltrnf culetanls 'pnfaey' olj 'edoriali' tn tdm XERC. XERC. N A-EUEC (Xrnxy EUEC) as ol altmrrniotnr. Olj tdm U-EUEC (Umrvali EUEC)7 tdm EUEC smrvmr oets os o emltrof lnjm.

Zdm BIEC (Bnrjmr Iotmwoy Enltrnf Culetanl) culetanls os o rnutali tobfm (nr tobfm B) olj oets tn dmfp tdm U-EUEC. At dos bosaeoffy rnutali jmeasanls. Os wm spmo`, tdm AKU vnaem as o 'smrvaem' - tdm AKU as o smrvaems 'coeafatotnr'. Zdm AKU smrvaems orm prnvajmj tdrnuid OU (Oppfaeotanl Umrvmrs). Nlm sued oppfaeotanl as tdm vnaem. Olj tdmrm orm ofsn vajmn smrvaems, enlcmrmlem, enlcmrmlem, mte. Al coet, snkmtakms tdm OU orm lnt enlsajmrmj os port nc AKU (wdml wm uljmrstolj tdm AKU os o ENRM). Olj al AKU, tdm stoljorj OU cnr vnaem as tdm KKZmf (Kuftakmjao Zmfmpdnly Umrvaem), snkmtakms eoffmj KZOU (Kuftakmjao Zmfmpdnly Oppfaeotanl Umrvmr). Zdm UBE (Umssanl Bnrjmr Enltrnffmr) as ol mfmkmlt nc tdm mjims nc tdm AKU tn enltrnf sailofali olj nctml tdm kmjao strmoks alvnfvmj al eoffs. Zdm U-EUEC waff bm rmspnlsabfm cnr eoff rnutali jmpmljali nl wdmrm tdm ntdmr usmr (tdm ntdmr porty) orm7 O UBI (Umssanl Bnrjmr Iotmwoy) ac tdm tdm ntdmr porty as al AX jnkoal0 O KIE/KIY ac tdm ntdmr porty as al tdm EU jnkoal (XUZL/XFKL).

dttp7//www.tmfmenkdoff.enk/wdot-as-escb-olj-srvee-al-ftm.ospx

1/?3

 

2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff

ABEC olj ZrIY orm lnt sdnwl al nur caiurm, but orm rmspmetavmfy tdm enltrnf olj usmr pfolm cnr ntdmr AKU lmtwnr`s, ntdmr UAX lmtwnr`s al imlmrof. Zdmy orm sakafor tn tdm KIEC/AK-KIY - tdm rmquarmkmlts cnr rmoedali nlm nr olntdmr typm nc lmtwnr` orm jaccmrmlt, sn ofsn dovm smporotm ports cnr pmrcnrkali tdm sokm culetanls but watd jaccmrmlt lmtwnr`s.  

UAX Zn suppnrt tmfmpdnlm sailofali bmtwmml tdm FZM lmtwnr` olj tmfmpdnlm lmtwnr`s, tdm AKU usms UAX (Umssanl Alataotanl Xrntnenf). UAX as o stoljorj prntnenf cnr mstobfasdali vnaem eoffs nvmr AX lmtwnr`s.

Zdm enjm as npml, olj usms tdm 'rmqumst-rmspnlsm' knjmf tn offnw enkkulaeotanl smssanls. Zdmrm as o smt nc stoljorj enkkoljs tdot eol bm usmj tn alataotm, koloim olj tmrkalotm eoffs bmtwmml twn UAX jmvaems. Zdm UAX dos bmml ojnptmj by AKU stoljorjazotanl os tdm prntnenf tn offnw sailofali bmtwmml tmfmpdnlm lmtwnr`s olj SnAX lmtwnr`s. UAX as tmxt-bosmj olj wos jmvmfnpmj - al tdm 18s - al nrjmr tn bm sakpfm olj mccaeamlt, gust fa`m tdm DZZX prntnenf (al coet, wos alsparmj by DZZX olj ntdmr prntnenfs sued os UKZX). O innj olofniy as tn enkporm tdm UAX watd DZZX. Qnu prnbobfy eol uljmrstolj wmff tdm DZZX altmroetanl praleapfm, wdaed offnws oujan enllmetanl, tmxt, vajmn olj ntdmr mfmkmlts nl o wmb poim. Yatd UAX as prmtty kued tdm sokm tdali7 at offnws tdm mstobfasdkmlt, koloimkmlt olj eoffs mljalis (nr smssanls) cnr AX kufta-usmrs watdnut `lnwali tdm enltmlt nc tdm eoff. O smssanl eol bm o sakpfm tmfmpdnlm eoff bmtwmml twn usmrs, nr o kufta-usmr kuftakmjao enlcmrmlem. Bntd (UAX olj DZZX) to`m tdm enltrnf nc tdm oppfaeotanl tn tdm mlj usmr, rmiorjfmss nc tdm trolspnrt prntnenf (UAX as o enltrnf prntnenf al tdm oppfaeotanl foymr), sn tdmrm as ln lmmj cnr swatedali emltmrs/smrvmrs. Zdm UAX dnwmvmr as lnt o rmsnurem rmsmrvotanl prntnenf, olj dos lntdali tn jn watd _nU. O sdnrt brmo`7 nur tutnraof tnjoy as ofrmojy quatm mxtmlsavm, but wm'ff `mmp o fattfm knrm watd tdas assum bmeousm tdmsm enlempts orm vmry akpnrtolt, olj ynu'ff bm dmorali o fnt nc tdmk. Zn try tn uljmrstolj at bmttmr, fmt's smm o sakpfacamj mxokpfm cnr o vnaem eoff mstobfasdkmlt prnemss usali AKU pfotcnrk olj UAX sailofali.

dttp7//www.tmfmenkdoff.enk/wdot-as-escb-olj-srvee-al-ftm.ospx

?8/?3

 

2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff

  Alataoffy, tdm ]M smljs o UAX kmssoim fa`m 'Alvatm', enltoalali tdm jmseraptanl nc nlm nr knrm kmosurms cnr tdm vnaem smssanl (Alataof UJX - Umssanl Jmseraptanl Xrntnenf - Nccmr). Zdml tdm X-EUEC cnrworjs tdas sokm kmssoim tn tdm U-EUEC (wdaed dos bmml ajmltacamj jurali tdm rmiastrotanl prnemss). Off inali wmff, tdm tmrkalotanl lmtwnr` waff dovm smlt o kmssoim nc typm 'nccmr rmspnlsm' tn tdm U-EUEC, olj tdas smljs tdas kmssoim tn tdm X-EUEC, outdnrazali tdm offneotanl nc tdm rmsnurems lmemssory cnr tdas smssanl. Caloffy, tdm X-EUEC cnrworjs tdm 'nccmr rmspnlsm' kmssoim boe` tn tdm ]M, wdaed enlcarks tdm rmemapt nc tdm 'nccmr rmspnlsm' kmssoim olj tdm rmsnurem rmsmrvotanl as stortmj.

Zdas as o vmry sakpfacamj mxokpfm nc dnw ynu eol bm imttali (nraialotanl) nc o vnaem smrvaem by tdm ]M, vao AKU. Umvmrof ntdmr jaoiroks mxast, watd cor knrm enkpfmx semlorans, but tdm bosae ajmo eol bm smml obnvm, olj mxtmljmj ac lmemssory. Fmt's enkpfmtm tdm tutnraof tnjoy, lnw smmali tdm eosm wdmrm ol alataoffy mstobfasdmj eoff nl AKU dos tn bm 'trolscmrrmj'.  

URSEE Caloffy wm enkm tn nur fost oftmrlotavm fastmj ot tdm bmiallali nc tdas tutnraof7 URSEE (Ualifm Rojan Snaem Eoff Enltaluaty). Zdm URSEE dnwmvmr as lnt ol oftmrlotavm cnr jmfavmry, but o rotdmr o doljnvmr prnemss nc o vnaem eoff prmvanusfy stortmj al tdm FZM (wdmtdmr Nlm Snaem - SnFZM FZM nr AKU Cuff Snaem). At as o eoff trolscmr kmtdnj (doljnvmr), al o sakpfacamj olj rmfaobfy woy, wdml ol FZM usmr dos ol oetavm vnaem smssanl al AKU olj as knvali tn ormos watdnut FZM envmroim, but watd fmioey 2I/5I envmroim. Zdm koal ojvoltoim as tdot tdm eoff waff lnt jrnp - waff nlfy bm trolscmrrmj tn tdm EU jnkoal nc tdm fmioey lmtwnr`s. Ac al tdm obnvm eosm tdm ]M knvms nut nc FZM envmroim ormo watd ol oetavm eoff (but inms tn o fmioey 2I/5I envmroim), wm kust koaltoal tdm enltaluaty nc tdas oetavm vnaem eoff. Al tdas eosm, tdm URSEE as usmj7 tdm prnemjurm wdmrm tdm enltmxt nc ol oetavm vnaem eoff nl tdm AKU as trolscmrrmj tn tdm EU fmioey lmtwnr` (m.i. AKU lnjm enltmxt trolscmr tn tdm KUE).

dttp7//www.tmfmenkdoff.enk/wdot-as-escb-olj-srvee-al-ftm.ospx

??/?3

 

2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff

  Zdm edoffmlim watd URSEE as tn pmrcnrk tdm doljnvmr wdafm tdm ]M as enllmetmj tn nlfy o salifm rojan ot oly iavml knkmlt. Zdmrm orm twn vmrsanls nc URSEE7 URSEE doljnvmr tn IUK nr ]KZU, jmcalmj by 5IXX0 URSEE Doljnvmr tn ?xRZZ lmtwnr`s jmcalmj by tdm 5IXX2.

Zn offnw URSEE bntd tdm ]M olj FZM lmtwnr`s, os ofsn tdm fmioey, kust suppnrt URSEE. Cnr tdas, o lmw spmeaof US altmrcoem as altrnjuemj bmtwmml tdm KKM olj tdm KUE, wdaed ruls nl IZXv2 prntnenf.

  Zn suppnrt URSEE, tdm AKU lmtwnr` sdnufj ofsn alefujm ol oppfaeotanl smrvmr, eoffmj UEE OU (Umrvmr Emltrofazotanl olj Enltaluaty Oppfaeotanl Umrvmr). Zdas oppfaeotanl smrvmr as wdn koloims tdm sailofali rmquarmj cnr tdm prnemss. Fmt's smm o sakpfacamj mxokpfm nc snkm URSEE prnemjurms crnk FZM tn IUK. Ydml ol ]M tdot suppnrts SnFZM as al ol FZM envmroim ormo, at storts vnaem smssanls vao tdm AKU lmtwnr`, wdaed waff dnst tdm smssanl olj prnvajm oppfaeotanls olj smssanl enltrnf bosmj nl UAX UAX.. Ydml tdm ]M knvms crnk ol FZM envmroim ormo cnr o EU 2I/5I envmroim ormo, watd tdm oetavm AKU smssanl, tdm AKU swatedms tdm smssanl tn tdm EU jnkoal, koaltoalali bntd ports oworm nc tdm doljnvmr smssanl.

 

Mxokpfm nc URSEE Doljnvmr Rmofazali tdot ats FZM sailof fmvmf bmials tn jmermosm, tdm ]M watd ol oetavm AKU vnaem smssanl sailofs at tn tdm mLnjmB, alataotali tdm URSEE doljnvmr. Zdm mLnjmB tdml ajmltacams tdm bmst ovoafobfm lmtwnr` tn rmemavm tdm smrvaem, olj smljs tdm doljnvmr rmqumst (spmeacyali tdot at as tdm URSEE typm) tn tdm KKM.

dttp7//www.tmfmenkdoff.enk/wdot-as-escb-olj-srvee-al-ftm.ospx

?2/?3

 

2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff

Zdm lmw vnaem eoff rmqumst as tdml smlt tn tdm AKU, usali o UR UZL (Umssanl Zrolscmr Lukbmr cnr URSEE) - o ulaqum lukbmr tdot as imlmrotmj by moed ]M, olj as stnrmj al DUU. Zdas ulaqum lukbmr as smlt by tdm KKM tn tdm DUU wdml tdm ]M carts enkms altn enltoet watd tdm lmtwnr`. ]pnl rmemavali tdm UZL UR lukbmr, tdm UEE OU bmfamvms tdot tdm enrrmspnljali eoff sdnufj bm trolscmrrmj tn o jaccmrmlt lmtwnr` lmtwnr`, olj storts tdm rmjarmetali prnemss cnr tdm trolscmr pnalt (doljnvmr) tn tdm fmioey lmtwnr`. Octmr rmsnurem prmporotanl as enkpfmtmj, tdm KKM enlcarks tdm doljnvm doljnvmrr rmqumst, prmvanusfy prnvajmj by tdm mLnjmB. Zdm mLnjmB tdml trolskats tdas oe`lnwfmjikmlt tn tdm ]M, wdafm staff prnvajali tdm rmquarmj alcnrkotanl obnut tdm torimt lmtwnr`. Al tdm calof stoims, tdm ]M as jmtmetmj al fmioey lmtwnr`s, olj tdm eoff as rm-mstobfasd rm-mstobfasdmj mj al at. Zdus wm dovm tdm enkpfmtanl nc tdm URSEE doljnvmr. Snaem poe`mts olj ofsn poe`mts tdot orm lnt vnaem eol bm trolscmrrmj usali tdas kmtdnj, but tdm joto rotms waff bm fakatmj by tdm eopobafatams nc tdm fmioey lmtwnr`s. Nlem tdm URSEE as o prnemjurm cnr altmr-ROZ doljnvmr bosmj nl AKU FZM lmtwnr` tn tdm EU fmioey lmtwnr` 2I/5I, at as kued knrm enkpfmx tdol tdot nc doljnvmrs fmioey lmtwnr`s 5I / 2I. Zdm qumstanl as dnw tn koaltoal o doljnvmr pmrcnrkolem enkporobfm tn nr bmttmr oeemptobfm. Al nrjmr tn akprnvm tdm pmrcnrkolem nc tdm URSEE doljnvmr, nlm YA (Ynr` Atmk) eoffmj mURSEE (URSEE mldolemkmlt) wos mstobfasdmj al tdm 5IXX UO2 al Rmfmosm ?8. Zdm olednrali snfutanl as bosmj nl tdm AKU, olj altrnjuems lmw mltatams OZEC (Zrolscmr Enltrnf Oeemss Culetanl ) olj OZIY (Zrolscmr Oeemss Iotmwoy) Iotmwoy).. Oioal, tdm jmmpmlali nc tdas subgmet mseopms crnk nur inof tnjoy. Caloffy, wm waff mlukmrotm snkm nc tdm koal ojvoltoims olj jasojvoltoims (nr prns olj enls) nc moed oftmrlotavm.  

Ojvoltoims olj jasojvoltoims nc moed oftmrlotavm Eoff smtup takm7 takm7 Ydml npmrotnrs usm EUCB, nlm nc tdm baiimst prnbfmks coemj (olj nlm nc tdm kognr jasojvoltoims jasojvolto ims nc EUCB) as tdm alermosm al eoff smtup takm jum tn rmtulali prnemjurms prnemjurms al 2I/5I rojans. Ol mccaeamlt EUCB snfutanl rmquarms tdm tdm ZOE -< FOE koppali as sn tdot tdm coffboe` tn ol mxtmrlof KUE/FOE bm ovnajmj, salem tdas waff curtdmr alermosm tdm eoff smtup takm. Eoff quofaty7 quofaty7 eoff quofaty al FZM as bmttmr wdml enkpormj watd tdm sokm tdarj-porty oppfaeotanls (NZZ). Zdas as jum tn spmeacae _nU offneotmj tn tdm eoff AKU, wdaed koy lnt bm prmsmlt al enkknl joto oppfaeotanls. Rmsnurem fakatotanls cnr SnFZM7 SnFZM7 OKR-LY FZM rmquarms kued fmss rmsnurems olj jotorotm tdol IUK, olj wm waff dovm koly knrm usmrs nl tdm sokm boljwajtd (spmetrof mccaeamley). Alvmstkmlt x Eurrmlt Lmtwnr`7 Lmtwnr`7 ac mvmrytdali as 'wnr`ali wmff', wdot wnufj bm tdm rmosnl cnr alvmstkmlt, salem surmfy sued alvmstkmlts imlmrotm rmsastolem crnk enkkmreaof olj busalmss ormos> Zdm enkporasnl tdot kust bm jnlm as7 Alvmstkmlt vmrsus (off) Bmlmcats nc AKU/KIY/BIEC. Cuturm7Al Cuturm7 Al oly woy off tdot jaseussanl dmrmoctmr waff knrm sailacaeolem. Eurrmltfy wm staff dovm mxtmlsavm fmioey lmtwnr`s, eopobfm nc suppnrtali tdmsm vnaem eoffs. Al tdas eosm, at as ln prnbfmk tn enltalum usali tdas ovoafobfm alcrostrueturm. Rmsastolem waff nlfy jmermosm wdml sued eopoeaty ofsn jmermosm. But al ol FZM lmtwnr`, ac tdm AKU as suppnrtmj eol ko`m o SnAX eoff. Un wdy wnufj wm lmmj tn ko`m o EU vnaem eoff> EUCB x URSEE7 URSEE7 At as lnt lmemssory tn akpfmkmlt bntd snfutanls (EUCB olj URSEE) ot tdm sokm takm, ac tdm lmtwnr` dos o wajm FZM envmroim olj o enkpfmtm AKU boe`bnlm. Ac wm akpfmkmltm EUCB, at kmols wm waff lnt ko`m tdm eoff smtup usali mxastali AKU Enrm, olj tdot enufj to`m eorm nc tdot eoff al FZM. Al rmspmet tn tdm URSEE7 ossukali tdm Boe`bnlm AKU as ovoafobfm. Al tdas eosm, ac tdm rmiastmr al tdm AKU as sueemsscuf, sueemsscu f, tdm usmr jn lnt lmmj tn jn EUCB - O vnaem eoff eol bm sakpfy alataotmj al FZM lmtwnr` usali AKU. EUCB as o smrvaem doljnvmr prnemjurm wdafm URSEE as o envmroim doljnvmr prnemjurm.

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Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff

Eosm Utujams olj Olofniams Yatd off tdot wm dovm smml tnjoy, fmt's akoialm snkm semlorans. Carst, akoialm tdot ynu orm al o lmtwnr` tdot jnms lnt dovm FZM AKU. Zdml tdm nlfy woy tn ko`m o vnaem eoff, wdmtdmr nraialotmj nr tmrkalotmj, as tdrnuid usali fmioey 2I/5I. Qnu lmmj tn bm rmjarmetmj/rmfmosmj crnk FZM tn fmioey 2I/5I lmtwnr` tn ko`m o vnaem eoff. Fa`m o 'rmsmfmetanl' crnk emff FZM tn tdm 2I/5I. Nlem tdm fmioey lmtwnr`, ynu eol ko`m tdm eoff lnrkoffy, os ynu'rm ofrmojy usmj tn. Olj sn, ynu gust sow tdm EUCB al proetaem! Lnw suppnsm ynu orm wotedali o vajmn strmok nl :I lmtwnr`, olj rmemavm o vnaem eoff. Al tdas eosm, ynu lmmj tn in tn tdm 5I lmtwnr` (al ajfm knjm), olj imt tdm rmsnurems cnr tn ko`m tdot eoff al 5I. Octmr ynu mlj ynur vnaem eoff, ynu `mmp wotedali tdm vajmn strmok, but lnw al tdm 5I lmtwnr` (tdm doljnvmrr crnk 5I tn :I as lnt ymt jmcalmj). doljnvm Qnu gust sow tdm EUCB watd ol oetavm joto eoff! Lnw fmt's akoialm tdot ynu orm al olntdmr FZM lmtwnr`, tdas takm watd AKU. Al tdas eosm, ynu eol ko`m o vnaem eoff usali AX poe`mts. Ym dovm gust smml o SnFZM eoff! Curtdmr, akoialm tdot ynu orm al nlm nc tdmsm vnaem eoffs usali poe`mts al :I. Uuppnsm curtdmr ynu rmoed ynur :I emff envmroim mjim. Un tdm nlfy nptanl tn `mmp ynur eoff as tn doljnvmr at tn tdm 5I (ossukali tdas as tdm mxastali envmroim). Qnur eoff waff tdml enltalum nl tdm 5I lmtwnr`, but lnw os nlm EU vnaem eoff. URSEE! Ac tdm URSEE as lnt suppnrtmj, tdm eoff as jrnppmj os snnl os at fmovms tdm FZM envmroim ormo. Ac tdm URSEE as suppnrtmj, o smt nc kmssoims orm mxedolimj, olj tdm vnaem eoff as trolscmrrmj (doljnvmr) crnk FZM AKU tn EU jnkoal nc tdm 2I/5I lmtwnr`. Olj sn, wm dovm gust smml ol mxokpfm nc URSEE doljnvmr! Olj tdot's off cnr tnjoy. Ym dnpm tdot tdm tutnraof dos koloimj tn bm usmcuf cnr ynu tdot snkmdnw orm altmrmstmj vnaem al FZM lmtwnr`s.  

Enlefusanl Ym sow al tdas tutnraof tnjoy, al o vmry imlmrof woy, tdm koal woys tn ko`m vnaem eoffs (olj UKU) al FZM lmtwnr`s. Zdm nptanls nr oftmrlotavms jmpmlj nl smvmrof coetnrs, sued os ovoafobfm lmtwnr` tnpnfniy olj tdm npmrotnr's strotmiy. Jmpmljali nl tdm satuotanl, tdm eoff eol bm nraialotmj al FZM vao joto oppfaeotanls (NZZ SnAX), bm purmfy nraialotmj nl FZM AKU (SnFZM), smlt tn bm pmrcnrkmj nl ntdmr lmtwnr`s tdrnuid kmedolasks jmvmfnpmj cnr tdas purpnsm (EUCB) nr trolscmrrmj vao doljnvmr - ac oetavm SnFZM eoff - tn o fmioey lmtwnr` (URSEE). Un, cnr o usmr wdn as o FZM envmroim ormo, o lukbmr nc enlsajmrotanls sdnufj bm edme`mj, os tdm typm nc  jmvaem tdot at usms (wdmtdmr suppnrts EUCB), ac tdm FZM lmtwnr` dos ol AKU tdot offnws nutinali eoffs, ac  tdm emffs suppnrts URSEE, mte. Bosmj nl tdm enlempts smml dmrm tnjoy, wm dnpm ynu dovm o pnsatanl tn cuffy uljmrstolj wdot doppmls wdml o usmr pmrcnrks o vnaem eoff crnk ol FZM lmtwnr`.  

  Zwmmt

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2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff

Xotd tn Koedalm Fmorlali Xrmporm ynur nriolazotanl cnr koedalm fmorlali olj OA by knvali tn prmjaetavm olofytaes.

:1 Zwmmt Fa`m 2:2 pmnpfm fa`m tdas. Bm tdm carst nc ynur cramljs.

Xrmvanus Xnst 66  66  Fa`m ¹ Fa`m  ¹ Rmpfy Rmpfy  ¹

? ¹ 2y

Bofoga Rogoinpof ac a'k enrrmet bmfnw as tdm olswmr cnr ynur qumry... U5 waff enltalum usali IZXv2 nlfy... oetuoffy upirojotanl as tn ko`m UIUL suppnrts IZXv2 Fa`m ¹ Fa`m  ¹ Rmpfy Rmpfy ¹  ¹ ?y ?y ¹  ¹ Mjatmj

Fueos Inufort A dovm o qumstanl. Octmr DN vao URSEE, as pnssabfm tdot ]M rmturl n FZM lmtwnr` jurali o eoff > Nr tdm ]M nlfy waff rmturl tn FZM

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2/?/28?1

Ydot as EUCB olj URSEE al FZM> - tmfmenkDoff o mr rm m os osm

m eo

Zdol`s? Fa`m ¹ Fa`m  ¹ Rmpfy Rmpfy  ¹

? ¹ 2y

Rolgat Ovosorofo yms pnssabfm Fa`m ¹ Fa`m  ¹ Rmpfy Rmpfy  ¹

? ¹ 2y

Olusdo Sml`ot Innj nlm aljmmj!! Fa`m ¹ Fa`m  ¹ Rmpfy Rmpfy  ¹

? ¹ 2y

Sasdof Udorko dot doppmls ac tdm ]M jnms lnt suppnrt SnFZM SnFZM but tdm lmtwnr` dos enkpfmtm AKU alcrostrueturm. Fa`m ¹ Fa`m  ¹ Rmpfy Rmpfy  ¹

? ¹ 5y

Oo`osd Lokjmv ac ]M as lnt suppnrtali SnFZM, SnFZM, tdmrm waff bm EUCB prnemss doppml cnr vnaem eoff (ossukali eorramr prnvajmr dos tdm smtup) Fa`m ¹ Fa`m  ¹ Rmpfy Rmpfy  ¹

5 ¹ 5y

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