WCDMA UE Behaviors in Idle Mode.pdf

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Course Code

Product

Product Version

Course Version ISSUE

OWO114010

SingleRAN RNO

SingleRAN5.0

Version 1.01

UO

Feature

Developer/Modifier

Time

Approver

Ding Qi/53895

2010-03

New

Li Zhihai/131679

2011-08

Update

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New/Update

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WCDMA UE Behaviors in Idle Mode www.huawei.com

Copyright © 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Foreword 

UE behaviors in idle mode include: 

PLMN selection



System information reception



Cell selection and reselection



Location registration



Paging procedure



Access procedure

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References 

3GPP TS 22.011: Service Accessibility



3GPP TS 23.122: NAS Functions Related to Mobile Station (MS) in Idle Mode



3GPP TS 24.008: Mobile Radio Interface Layer 3 Specification; Core Network Protocols - Stage 3



3GPP TS 25.304: UE Procedures in Idle Mode and Procedures for Cell Reselection in Connected Mode



3GPP TS 25.331: Radio Resource Control (RRC)



3GPP TS 31.102: Characteristics of The USIM Application

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Objectives 

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to: 

Describe the working principles of the UE Behaviors in Idle Mode feature



Perform parameters modification of the UE Behaviors in Idle Mode feature

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Contents 1. PLMN Selection 2. System Information Reception 3. Cell Selection and Reselection 4. Location Registration 5. Paging Procedure 6. Access Procedure

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Contents 1. PLMN Selection 2. System Information Reception 3. Cell Selection and Reselection 4. Location Registration 5. Paging Procedure 6. Access Procedure

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Cell Search 

UE does not have UTRAN carrier information: 

In order to find a suitable cell to stay, UE will scan all the frequencies in UTRAN. In each carrier, UE just need to find a cell with best signal



UE has UTRAN carrier information: 

UE will try whether the original cell is suitable to stay. If not, UE still need to scan all the frequencies in UTRAN to find a suitable cell in PLMN

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Cell Search (Cont.) Slot synchronization

Frame synchronization and code-group identification

Primary scrambling code identification

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PLMN Selection

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PLMN Selection (Cont.) 

When the UE is switched on, or the coverage is restored, then the UE selects the registered PLMN or its equivalent PLMNs



If no registered PLMN or equivalent PLMNs is available, or if registration fails, the UE performs one of the following two procedures, depending on its operating mode: 

Automatic PLMN selection: the UE automatically selects a PLMN according to the priority order



Manual PLMN selection: the UE shows all available PLMNs to the subscriber. The subscriber then selects Page10 a PLMN

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PLMN Selection (Cont.) 

Automatic PLMN selection: UE can select a PLMN from the Home PLMNs (HPLMNs) and roam in the Visited PLMN (VPLMN) 





Selecting from the HPLMNs: UE maintains a list of allowed and available PLMNs in priority order. When selecting a PLMN, the UE searches for the PLMNs from the highest priority to the lowest Roaming in the VPLMN: UE periodically searches for the HPLMN and higher priority PLMNs for better services

Manual PLMN selection: UE maintains a list of allowed and available PLMNs in priority order. When selecting a PLMN, the UE indicates the list to the subscriber who will select a PLMN, and then camps on the selected PLMN

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Contents 1. PLMN Selection 2. System Information Reception 3. Cell Selection and Reselection 4. Location Registration 5. Paging Procedure 6. Access Procedure

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Structure of System Information 

System information is organized as a tree, including: 

MIB (Master Information Block)



SB (Scheduling Block)



SIB (System Information Block)

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System Information 

SIB1: contains the system information for NAS and the timer/counter for UE



SIB2: contains the URA information



SIB3: contains the parameters for cell selection and cell reselection



SIB5: contains parameters for the common physical channels of the cell



SIB7: contains the uplink interference level and the refreshing timer for SIB7



SIB11: contains measurement controlling information

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Reception of System Information 

The UE shall read system information broadcast on a BCH transport channel when the UE is in idle mode or in connected mode, that is, in CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH, or URA_PCH state

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Contents 1. PLMN Selection 2. System Information Reception 3. Cell Selection and Reselection 4. Location Registration 5. Paging Procedure 6. Access Procedure

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Cell Selection 

When the PLMN is selected and the UE is in idle mode, the UE starts to select a cell to camp on and to obtain services



There are four states involved in cell selection: 

Camped normally



Any cell selection



Camped on any cell



Connected mode

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Cell Selection (Cont.) 

Two types of cell selection: 

Initial cell selection 

If no cell information is stored for the PLMN, the UE starts this procedure



Stored information of cell selection 

If cell information is stored for the PLMN, the UE starts this procedure

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Cell Selection Criteria 

Criterion S is used by the UE to judge whether the cell is suitable to camped on



Criterion S: Srxlev > 0 & Squal > 0, where:

S qual  Qqualmeas  Qqual min S rxlev  Qrxlevmeas  Qrxlev min  Pcompensation

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Parameters of S Criterion 



Qqualmin 

Parameter name: Min quality level



Recommended value: -18, namely -18dB

Qrxlevmin 

Parameter name: Min Rx level



Recommended value: -58, namely -115dBm

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Parameters of S Criterion (Cont.) 

MaxAllowedUlTxPower 

Parameter name: Max allowed UE UL TX power



Recommended value: 24, namely 24dBm

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Cell Reselection 

The signal strength of both serving cell and neighboring cells varies with the movement of a UE and so the UE needs to select the most suitable cell to camp on. This process is called cell reselection



Cell reselection process: 

Measurement start criteria



Cell reselection criteria

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Measurement Start Criteria 

Intra-frequency measurement: Squal ≤ Sintrasearch ↓ Qqualmeas − Qqualmin ≤ Sintrasearch ↓ Qqualmeas ≤ Qqualmin + Sintrasearch

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Measurement Start Criteria (Cont.) 

Inter-frequency measurement: Squal ≤ Sintersearch ↓ Qqualmeas − Qqualmin ≤ Sintersearch ↓ Qqualmeas ≤ Qqualmin + Sintersearch

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Measurement Start Criteria (Cont.) 

Inter-RAT measurement: Squal ≤ SsearchRATm ↓ Qqualmeas − Qqualmin ≤ SsearchRATm ↓ Qqualmeas ≤ Qqualmin + SsearchRATm

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Parameters of Measurement Start Criteria 

IdleSintrasearch 

Parameter name: Intra-freq cell reselection threshold for idle mode





Recommended value: 127, namely none

ConnSintrasearch 

Parameter name: Intra-freq cell reselection threshold for connected mode



Recommended value: 127, namely none

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Parameters of Measurement Start Criteria (Cont.) 

IdleSintersearch 

Parameter name: Inter-freq cell reselection threshold for idle mode





Recommended value: 127, namely none

ConnSintersearch 

Parameter name: Inter-freq cell reselection threshold for connected mode



Recommended value: 127, namely none

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Parameters of Measurement Start Criteria (Cont.) 

SsearchRat 

Parameter name: Inter-RAT cell reselection threshold



Recommended value: 127, namely none

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Measurement Start Criteria Description

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Cell Reselection Criteria 

Criterion R is used for intra-frequency, inter-frequency and inter-RAT cell reselection



The cell-ranking criterion R is defined by:

Rs  Qmeas , s  Qhysts

Rn  Qmeas ,n  Qoffset s ,n

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Hysteresis and Time Interval

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Parameters of R Criteria 



QualMeas 

Parameter name: Cell Sel-reselection quality measure



Recommended value: CPICH_ECNO

Treselections 

Parameter name: Reselection delay time



Recommended value: 1, namely 1s

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Parameters of R Criteria (Cont.) 



IdleQhyst1s 

Parameter name: Hysteresis 1 for idle mode



Recommended value: 2, namely 4dB

ConnQhyst1s 

Parameter name: Hysteresis 1 for connected mode



Recommended value: 2, namely 4dB

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Parameters of R Criteria (Cont.) 



IdleQhyst2s 

Parameter name: Hysteresis 2 for idle mode



Recommended value: 2, namely 4dB

ConnQhyst2s 

Parameter name: Hysteresis 2 for connected mode



Recommended value: 2, namely 4dB

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Parameters of R Criteria (Cont.) 



IdleQoffset1sn 

Parameter name: IdleQoffset1sn



Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB

ConnQoffset1sn 

Parameter name: ConnQoffset1sn



Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB

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Parameters of R Criteria (Cont.) 



IdleQoffset2sn 

Parameter name: IdleQoffset2sn



Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB

ConnQoffset2sn 

Parameter name: ConnQoffset2sn



Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB

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Contents 1. PLMN Selection 2. System Information Reception 3. Cell Selection and Reselection 4. Location Registration 5. Paging Procedure 6. Access Procedure

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Location Registration 



The location registration includes: 

Location update (for non-GPRS)



Route update (for GPRS)

The types of location registration: 

Normal location registration



Periodic location registration



IMSI attach/detach(for non-GPRS)

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Periodic Location Registration 

Periodic location registration is controlled by a Periodic Location Update timer (T3212, for non-GPRS operation) or a Periodic Routing Area Update timer (T3312, for GPRS operation)



T3212 is set through T3212 on the RNC side



T3312 is set on the CN side

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IMSI Attach/Detach 

The IMSI attach/detach process facilitates the fast location registration of the UE in specific conditions



IMSI attach/detach is set through ATT on the RNC side

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Parameters of Location Registration 



T3212 

Parameter name: Periodical location update timer [6min]



Recommended value: 10, namely 60min

ATT 

Parameter name: Attach/detach indication



Recommended value: ALLOWED

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Contents 1. PLMN Selection 2. System Information Reception 3. Cell Selection and Reselection 4. Location Registration 5. Paging Procedure 6. Access Procedure

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Paging Initiation 

CN initiated paging: 



Establish a signaling connection

UTRAN initiated paging: 

Trigger the cell update procedure



Trigger reading of updated system information

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Paging Type 1 

If UE is in the idle or CELL/URA_PCH state, the paging message will be transmitted on PCCH with paging type 1 CN

RNC1

RNC2

NODEB1.1

NODEB2.1

PAGING RANAP

RANAP

RANAP

PAGING

RANAP

PCCH: PAGING TYPE 1

PCCH: PAGING TYPE 1

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UE

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Paging Type 2 

If UE is in CELL_DCH or CELL_FACH state, the paging message will be transmitted on DCCH with paging type 2 CN

SRNC

UE

PAGING RANAP

RANAP

DCCH: PAGING TYPE 2 RRC

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RRC

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DRX Procedure 

To reduce power consumption, the UE can read the information from the PICH only at a particular time. This is known as the Discontinuous Reception (DRX) technology. The interval between two consecutive periods of time is called DRX cycle



The value for the DRX paging cycle length is determined as follows: DRX Cycle Length ＝ MAX (2k, PBP) frames

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DRX Procedure (Cont.) 

The value of the Paging Occasion is determined as follows:

Paging Occasion (CELL SFN) = {(IMSI div K) mod (DRX cycle length div PBP)} * PBP + n * DRX cycle length + Frame Offset 

Paging Occasion(CELL SFN) Case:

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DRX Procedure (Cont.) 

In FDD the UE shall monitor its paging indicator in the PICH frame with SFN given by the Paging Occasion



The Page Indicator in the frame to use is calculated by using the following formula:

 Np    q   PI  18  SFN  SFN / 8  SFN / 64  SFN / 512 mod 144   mod Np  144     

Where, PI = (IMSI div 8192) mod NP



NP is the number of paging indicators in one PICH frame

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DRX Procedure (Cont.) 

Through DRX, UE only listens to PICH at certain predefined time. And UE will read the paging information on SCCPCH if the paging indicator is 1



Time offset between PICH and SCCPCH:

PICH frame containing paging indicator

Associated S-CCPCH frame PICH

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Parameters of DRX 



DRXCyclelenCoef 

Parameter name: DRX cycle length coefficient



Recommended value: 6

PICHMode 

Parameter name: PICH mode



Recommend value: V36

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Parameters of DRX (Cont.) 

MaccPageRepeatTimes 

Parameter name: Number of page re-TX



Recommended value: 1

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Contents 1. PLMN Selection 2. System Information Reception 3. Cell Selection and Reselection 4. Location Registration 5. Paging Procedure 6. Access Procedure

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Two Working Modes of UE 

Idle mode: 



After turning on, UE will stay in idle mode

Connected mode: 

UE will switch to connected mode which could be CELL_FACH state or CELL_DCH state from the idle mode



After releasing RRC connection, UE will switch to the idle mode from the connected mode

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Random Access Procedure 

Definition: 

Random access procedure is initiated by UE in order to get service from the system. Meanwhile, the access channels are allocated to the UE by system

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Random Access Channel

AICH access slots

SFN mod 2 = 0 p-a

#0 PRACH access slots

#0

#1

#2

#1

#3

#2

#4

#3

#5

#4

#6

SFN mod 2 = 1 #5

#7

#6

#8

#7

#9

Access slot set 1

10 ms

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#8

#9

#10

#10

#11

#11

#12

Access slot set 2

10 ms

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#13

#12

#14

#13

#14

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RACH Sub-Channels 

The access slots of different RACH sub-channels are illustrated by the following table: SFN mod 8

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1

Random access sub-channels number

12 13 14

2 3

9

10 11

4

6

7

5 6 7

3

4

0

1

2

12

13

14

3

9

10

5

6

7

9

10 11

8

9

10 11

5

6

7 8

0 8

4

8

1

2

3

4

5

0

1

2

11 12 13 14 8

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9

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Random Access Channel Case 

Sub Channels how to use Access Slots ?

p-p

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Access Service Class 

The PRACH resources can be classified into several ASCs, so as to provide RACH applications with different priorities

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Access Control 

“Access Control” is used by network operators to prevent overload of radio access channels under critical conditions 

Access class 0 ~ Access Class 9



Access class 11 ~ Access Class 15



Access class 10

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Mapping between AC and ASC 

The AC-ASC mapping information is optional and used for the System Information Block 5 (SIB5) only



AC-ASC mapping case

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Random Access Procedure START Choose a RACH sub channel from available ones

Get available signatures

Set Preamble Retrans Max

Set Preamble_Initial_Power

Send a preamble No AI Choose a access slot again

Choose a signature and increase preamble transmit power The counter of preamble retransmit Subtract by 1, Commanded preamble power increased by Power Ramp Step Y

Counter > 0 & Commanded Preamble power- maximum allowed power < 6 dB N Set physical status to be Nack on AICH received

Check the corresponding AI Get negative AI

Get positive AI Change message part power by p -m based on preamble power

Send the corresponding message part

Set physical status to be RACH message transmitted

Set physical status to be Nack on AICH received

Report the physical status to MAC

END

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RRC Connection Message 

Typical RRC connection messages: 

RRC_CONNECTION_REQUEST



RRC_CONNECTION_SETUP



RRC_CONNECTION_SETUP_COMPLETE



RRC_CONNECTION_RELEASE

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UE Timers and Constants in Idle Mode 



T300 

Parameter name: Timer 300 [ms]



Recommended value: D2000, namely 2s

N300 

Parameter name: Constant 300



Recommended value: 3

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UE Timers and Constants in Idle Mode (Cont.)

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RRC Connection Establish Channel Type and Bit Rate 



RrcCause 

Parameter name: Cause of RRC connection establishment



Recommended value: refer to next page

SigChType 

Parameter name: Channel type for RRC establishment



Recommended value: refer to next page

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