Water Treatment Plant

Water Treatment Plant

Why •

Why we treat water before use?

i.

Commonly containing potentially harmful inorganic  and organic compounds as well as pathogenic  microorganisms which are unsuitable for human consumption, industrial and , commercial use.

ii.

Presence of Acids ,Salts and Gases.

iii.

Bacteria.

Selection •

Selection of Raw Water.

i.

Available throughout year.

ii.

Must be the best available water quality.

iii.

Near to water treatment plant.

iv.

Easily accessible & possess adequate space and  facilities for maintenance works

Selection •

Selection of Treatment Method.

i.

Sources of water intake.

ii.

Characteristic of water.Cost

iii.

Cost.

Process •

•

Screening.  Aeration.

•

Coagulation.

•

Flocculation.

•

Sedimentation.

•

Filtration.

•

Disinfection.

Screening

 Aeration •

•

.

Eliminate unneeded  dissolved gases.

Remove unpleasant  taste and odour-causing  substances

Coagulation •

Chemical coagulants are added to react with the  particles in the water to form particles large enough to settle down. Rapid mixing distributes the coagulants evenly throughout the water removed by the subsequent  settling or filtration process

Coagulation.

•

Coagulants Used

i. ii. iii. iv.

Alum. (Almunium Sulphate) Poly Almunium Chloride. Ferric Chloride. Ferric Sulphate.

Flocculation.

•

Flocculation Basin gently mix the water with large submerged paddles so the smaller particles collide to form large particles called “floc”.

Sedimentation.

•

Floc settle down by  gravity and the bottom of the sedimentation tank, clean water spill out  to the filters.

Filtration. •

Filtration removes any remaining particle. The force of  gravitation moves the water through the filter media.

Filtration. •

Filtration Type

i.

Slow Sand Filter Plant.

ii.

Rapid Sand Filter Plant .

Filtration. •

Slow Sand Filter 

Slow Sand filtration was the first type of porous media filtration used in water treatment. This process is known for  its simplicity and  efficiency.

Filtration. •

Rapid Sand Filter 

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Disinfection. •

Chlorination is done for the disinfection, Chlorination is the application of chlorine after water has been treated but before the water reaches the distribution system.  After flowing through the filter, water is chlorinated and then pumped to the clear well to allow a sufficient contact time for the chlorine to act. At this stage, chlorination is meant to kill pathogens and to provide a chlorine residual in the distribution system.

Properties •

Clean water 

i. Colorless. ii. Odourless. iii. Tasteless. iv. No Suspended Solids. v. No pathogen microorganism. vi. No dangerous organic/inorganic compounds. vii. Less mineral substances

Thank You For Your Attention.