(Warpaint Series No.23) Fairey Gannet
Short Description
By Steve Hazell....
Description
Nifrey Oikket IE_.: ]A2?9 02:-T cn =26 Zquibrck, D Nafomt, Naeet Ifr Irg, MGZ Irl Tcyia, Bejegder 96?? Rmfs ifrjrint mis deek zippeb dy UZ Kivy squibrck ^I_-942 ck tme stirdcirb reir nuseaioe I daijl gip cn Iustriafi ippeirs ck tme kcse tc sfokfny D Nafomt wfkkfko tme NII's Iustriafi Zmfeab fk96?5.
Idcve8 Rme Oikket R.4 prctctype _K:>5 fk tme stikbirb trifker nfkfsm cn cveriaa iaugfkfug wftm yeaacw wfko ikb nuseaioe trifker dikbs. Evfbekt ire tme nfxeb fkstrujtcr's perfsjcpe fk nrckt cn tme sejckb jikcpy ikb tme twfk pcrtmcaes tc aet gcre afomt fktc tme reirgcst jcjlpft. (GIP) Aent8 Cke cn
Nifrey Oikket jigcunaioe ikb girlfkos Briwfkos dy Bivfb Mcwaey
Nifrey Oikket IZ.Gl 2 ]I:49846:-Ccn =95 Zquibrck, MGZ Irl Tcyia, fk 965> Zquibrck diboe smcwk rfomt
Oikket IZ.9 ]I:49846:-C cn =95 Zquibrck vfsftfko Daijldusme fk 965>. Rme squibrck diboe ippeirs deacw tme wfkbsjreek ikb tme spfkkers ire dikbeb fk daijl ikb wmfte. Rme squibrck's ukcnnfjfia egdaeg cn tme Oufkess mirp wis pifkteb fk oreek ikb yeaacw ck tme iuxfafiry nfks.(IPK)
ois turdfke ekofke ikb ft wis tmfs wmfjm wis jmcsek is tme pcwer paikt ncr Nifrey's kew kivia prchejt, lkcwk fkftfiaay is tme Nifrey Rype Y. _mek Tcaas Tcyje idikbckeb wcrl ck tme Bcudae Rweeb Nifrey ripfbay mib tc nfkb ik iaterkitfve. Cn tme sgiaaer turdfke ekofkes tmek ukber beveacpgekt tme Irgstrcko Zfbbeaey IZG.: Gigdi wis iareiby fk afgfteb prcbujtfck sc Nifrey prcpcseb tmit twc Gigdis de jcupaeb tc ncrg ik ekofke ukft fk wmfjm eijm wcuab brfve ik fkbepekbekt jcktri-rctitfko prcpeaaer tmrcuom i jcggck oeirdcx. Irgstrcko Zfbbeaey ioreeb tc tmfs ck tme issurikje tmit Nifrey wcuab ibcpt tme kew ekofke ncr tme Rype Y, ikb besfok wcrl
prctctypes tc geet tme gcst rejekt kivia Zpejfnfjitfck OT. 9?/25. ZPEJFNFJIRFCK OT.9?/25 Is tme Oekeria Tejckkifssikje type besfokitcr ncr Zpejfnfjitfck OT. 9?/25 smcweb, dy tme ekb cn tme wir tme Ibgfriaty mib bejfbeb tmit tme Naeet Ifr Irg kcw keebeb i bebfjiteb iktf-sudgirfke wirnire ifrjrint, dut cke wmfjm retifkeb ik iktf-smfppfko strfle jipidfafty. Ijjcrbfkoay tmfs Zpejfnfjitfck jiaaeb ncr i twc-seit ifrjrint tc cperite nrcg tme naeet jirrfers cn tme biy, wmfjm wis jipidae cn dctm betejtfko ikb ittijlfko sudgeroeb sudgirfkes. Ft mib tc de ribir-
wmfjm tc ittijl tme sudgirfke ckje acjiteb. Dctm tme ribir ikb weipckry were iasc tc ofve tme ifrjrint i sejckbiry iktf-smfppfko rejckkifssikje ikb ittijl rcae. It Nifrey's Miyes nijtcry tme besfok teig meibeb dy M E Jmipafk siw tmit tejmkcacoy mib iareiby rekbereb tme Zpeirnfsm RD.a ikb Zpej. C.49/22 cdscaesjekt, dut tmit wcrl bcke ck tme twfk-Gerafk Zpeirnfsm jcuab de ippafeb tc tme OT. 9?/25 prchejt, tme Rype Y. Usfko i nuseaioe-gcukteb 'bcudae' ekofke wcuab mive oreit ibviktioes ncr i jirrferdcrke ifrjrint. Ipirt nrcg tme ibbeb sinety nijtcr cn twc ekofkes, dy gcuktfko dctm fk tme nuseaioe ackoer wfkos jcuab de ivcfbeb ikb tmere were kc isyggetrfj mikbafko prcdaegs fk tme evekt cn ik ekofke nifaure. Ibbftfckiaay, tme bcudae-ekofke jcknfouritfck wftm fts kcrgia ifrjrint mikbafko ukber isyggetrfj ekofke jckbftfcks geikt tmit ft wcuab de pcssfdae tc jrufse wftm cke cn tme ekofkes smut bcwk, tmeredy extekbfko ifrjrint ekburikje, fgprcvfko nuea jcksugptfck ikb extekbfko ekofke afne. Jcktrirctitfko prcpeaaers wcuab iasc gile ncr siner ipprcijmes ikb cversmccts dy eafgfkitfko tme ennejt cn prcpeaaer tcrque kcrgiaay experfekjeb wmek tme tmrcttae wis subbekay cpekeb. Fk crber tc experfgekt wftm jcktri-rctitRwc Oikket IZ.9s cn =94 Zquibrck, fk tme ncre-
Oikket IZ.> ]I2>08?>=-DV idcut tc tile cnn nrcg Acssfegcutm ncr fts nfkia nafomt tc Miwirbek ck 99 Nedruiry 96?9. Ft jirrfes tme airoe airoe =26 Zquibrck diboe dekeitm tme tifa jcbe wmfjm wis usuia it Driwby dut wmfjm wis bfsjcktfkueb
Tfomt8 =2? Zquibrck wis ncrgeb spejnfjiaay tc pitrca tme witers ircukb Jyprus burfko tme prefkbepekbekje trcudaes. Mere Oikket IZ.9 ]I::580=>-MN fs smcwk fk stcrioe it Iddctsfkjm inter defko wftmbriwk nrcg servfje fk 965=. Bespfte tme Mia Nir tifa jcbe tme ifrjrint naew nrcg TIN Kfjcsfi ikb i daijl gip cn Jyprus ippeirs ck tme upper iuxfafiry nfk wftm tme squibrck kugder idcve ft, prcdiday fk daue. Rme spfkkers iasc ippeir tc de daue. Acwer rfomt8 Ikctmer =2? Zquibrck ifrjrint wis _K20?80==-MN smcwk mere iasc it Iddctsfkjm dut weirfko tme nfkia styae cn squibrck girlfkos wmfjm prcdiday stfaa neitureb tme jcacureb spfkkers. Rme squibrck iasc repeiteb tme iddrevfiteb ifrjrint jcbe kugder fk daijl ck i wmfte pikea ck tme fkdcirb wfko aeibfko eboes. (GIP)
idcve 9?0 lkcts bue tc aijl cn ibequite trfg jcktrca ikb fksunnfjfekt eaevitcr ncrje tc jcukterijt i tekbekjy tc pftjm up wftm mfom ekofke pcwer settfkos. ^fcaekt ikb subbek trfg jmikoes iasc cjjurreb burfko bepacygekt cn tme airoe NifreyVcukogik naips wmfjm jreiteb turduaekje ikb ipprejfiday fkjreiseb brio. Ncr fts eiray nafomt trfias ^T52> aijleb i vektria ribcge ikb wis nftteb wftm i tifa pirijmute gcukteb fk i pfpe prchejtfko nrcg tme reir nuseaioe fk paije cn tme irrester mccl, presugiday ik iktf-spfk pirijmute tc de bepacyeb fn tme ifrjrint dejige ukjcktrcaaidae burfko stidfafty testfko. Rmrcuomcut tmese nafomts tme Bcudae Gigdi oekeriaay perncrgeb weaa dut tmere wis i tekbekjy ncr cfa tc de tmrcwk dijl cver tme wfkbsjreek nrcg tme virfidae-pftjm prcpeaaer muds. Nafomt trfias jcktfkueb nrcg Iabergistck uktfa eiray Kcvegder 9626 wmek tme test nayfko
Nifrey Oikket IZ.Gl.9 Iustriafik Iustriafik Kivy, Kivy, it TKIZ TKIZ Juabrcse fk 9655. Zquibrck diboe, rfomt.
Nifrey Oikket IZ.Gl.9 ]I2048:4?-D cn =40 Zquibrck, NII, MGZ Duawirl, fk 965>5?.Zquibrck diboe smcwk aent.
Nifrey Oikket IZ.Gl 9 _K:698::2-Ccn =42 Zquibrck, NII, MGZ Irl Tcyia fk 965>. Zquibrck diboe smcwk rfomt.
Idcve8 =26 Meibquirters Nafomt Oikket R.5 ]O===8??0-DV fk Kcvegder 96>6 Is wis kct ukjcggck, ft fs nftteb w ftm ik ex-Oikket IZ
NIFTEV OIKKER ZYUIBTCKZ IKB UKFRZ TCVIA KI^V IKB TCVIA IUZRTIAFIK KI^V ?00 ZYUIBTCK Ncrgeb 9= Iuoust 9655 it TKIZ Ncrb wftm virfcus types, ikb cperiteb tme Oikket IZ.9 uktfa Huke 96>9, tme R.4 nrcg Girjm tc Giy 9656 ikb tme IZ.2 nrcg nrcg Nedruiry 965? tc Nedruiry 96>0. Rc TKIZ Vecvfatck 96 Zeptegder 965= ikb ikb bfsdikbeb : Huay 96>9. 96>9. ?00O Nafomt it TKIZ Juabrcse useb tme Oikket IE_.: nrcg 9? Iuoust 9656 tc :9 Hikuiry 96>0. Oikket IZ.9 _K:5: '502-NB', _K:55, _K:55, _K:?> '0=2-NB' '0=2-NB' tmek '549-NB', _K29= '540-NB', '540-NB', _ K25: '0=:-NB' tmek 544-NB', _K24>8500-NB. Oikket R.4 ]O=?:. Oikket IE_.: ]A254, ]A25:, ]A252, ]A255, ]A25>. Oikket IZ.2 ]I299 '544-NB' '544-NB' tmek tmek '509-NB', '509-NB', ]I294 '504-NB', '504-NB', ]I29 : 9 '549-NB' tmek '50:-NB', ]I29= '50-^A , ]O?62 '50:-NB', ]O?6? '505-^A', 9 ]O=:4 '505-^A , ]O=4=8509-^A. Diseb it TKIZ Ncrb, ikb ?0:] Nafomt useb tme ?0: ZYUIBTCK Oikket IZ.9 95 Girjm 9652 tc Bejegder 9652. Oikket IZ. 9s regifkeb wftm tme squibrck uktfa ft bfsdikbeb ck 9? Iuoust 9655. Oikket IZ.9 _K:2?, _K:2=, _K:26, _K:50, _K:?>80=4-NB, _K25: '0=:-NB' _K:22, _K:>2, _K:?:. ?96 ZYUIBTCK Deoik jckvertfko tc Oikket IZ.9s ikb R.4s it TKIZ Eoafktck fk Kcvegder 9655. Bfsdikbeb 9? Girjm 96>0. Oikket IZ.9 9 _K:>2 '522-OK', _K:6= '52>-OK , _K205 '555-OK', _K2>9 '52:OK', ]I:4: '529-OK', ]I:2> '550-OK', ]I:2? '52?-OK', ]I:54 '559OK', ]I:5? '256-OK' tmek '525-OK', ]I:>9 '555-OK' tmek '559-OK', 9 ]I:>: '550-OK , ]I:>2 '522-OK', ]I:== '550-OK', ]I20= '522-OK' tmek '554-OK' ikb '559-OK' _K:5485:9-OK, _K24=85228OK. Oikket R.4 ]I590 '522-OK', ]I599 '525-OK', ]I544 '25>-OK' tmek '524OK', ]O=?0852:-OK, ]O=?98522-OK, ]O=?=8525-OK. ?42 ZYUIBTCK, TIK Ncrgeb 9 Huke 9655 it TIKIZ Kcwri, KZ_ wftm virfcus types fkjaubfko Oikket IZ. 9s ikb R.4s. Oive up tme Oikkets fk Hikuiry 965= dut tccl cver ?45 Zquibrck's Oikket IZ. 9s ikb R.4s ck 9 Huke 96>9 ikb jcktfkueb tc cperite tmeg uktfa Huay 96>2 ikb Kcvegder 96>> respejtfveay. Oikket IZ.9 _K25> '==2-K_, ]I:4> '==0-K_, ]I:4? '==0-K_', ]I:46 '=?:-K_', ]I::0 '==4-K_, ]I:50 '==9-K_, ]I:=6 '==0-K_', ]I2:2 '=2>'.
H', ]I::6 '45>-H', _K:5:84>?-H, _K2>08220-H tmek 4>9-H. Oikket R.4 ]I540 '255-OK' tmek 455-OK', 455-OK', ]I545, ]I54>. Ncrgeb 92 Hikuiry 965? it TKIZ Juabrcse wftm =92 ZYUIBTCK Oikket IZ.2s ncr MGZ Eioae, ikb iasc useb Oikket R.4s wmfast bfseg dirleb. Rc TKIZ Eoafktck 4: Kcvegder Kcvegder 965?, ikb ikb TKIZ Juabrcse 4: Girjm 9656. Bfsdikbeb :0 Zeptegder 9656. Oikket IZ.2 ]I29> '4==-H', ]I296 '4=?-H', ]I24: '4=>-E', ]I242 '4=:JU' tmek '4=5-H' ]I245 '4=5-H' tmek '4=>-H', ]I24> '4=>-H' tmek '4=>-JU', 9 ]I24= '4=2-H' tmek '4=2-E , ]I2:9 '4=9-H' tmek '4=9-E', ]I2:5 '4=0-H' 9 9 tmek '4=0-E , ]I252 '4=9-E , ]I25> '4=>-H' tmek '4=:-E', ]I2>? '4=5-H' 9 tmek '4=5-E', ]I2>= '4=?-E', ]I2?9 '4=0-E', ]O?6: '4=4-JU . Oikket R.4 ]O=?6. Ncrgeb > Nedruiry 965> it TKIZ Eoafktck wftm =95 ZYUIBTCK Oikket IZ. 9s ncr MGZ Irl Tcyia, ikb iasc useb Oikket R.4s wmfast bfs egdirleb. Rc TKIZ Juabrcse 45 Nedruiry 965? tc re-equfp wftm Oikket IZ.2s. Bfsdikbeb 95 Huay 965=. Oikket IZ.9 ]I:49 '46:-0', ]I::> '469-0', ]I::? '46>-C', ]I::= '460-C', ]I:20 '464-0', ]I:29 '465-0', ]I:24 '46>-0' tmek '464-0', ]I:22 '462-0', ] I:52 '46=-0', ]I :258469-C, _K:>=8465-C. Oikket R.4 ]I595. Oikket IZ.2 ]I290 '462-0', ]I29= '464-T', ]I240 '46:-T', ]I249 9 '462-T', ]I245 '46>-T , ]I24= '46>-JU', ]I246 '469-T', ]I2>2 '460-C', ]I2>6 '46?-T', ]I2?0 '460-T'. =9> ZYUIBTCK, TIK Ncrgeb 95 Iuoust 9655 it TKIZ Juabrcse wftm Oikket IZ. 9s ncr MGIZ Geadcurke. Egdirleb 46 Nedruiry 965> ncr pissioe tc Iustriafi ikb nrcg ? Giy 965> it TIKIZ Kcwri wmek kct egdirleb. Aiter iasc gifktifkeb gifktifkeb i pergikekt pergikekt nafomt it Kcwri Kcwri ikb useb Oikket R.4s nrcg Girjm 9656 uktfa Cjtcder 96>:. Bfsdikbeb 45 Iuoust 96>?. Oikket IZ.9 _K25> '=99-G', ]I:4? ':05-V', ]I:4= ':02-V', ]I:46 '242-D', ]I::0 ':04-V', ]I::9 ':09-V', ]I::4 '249-D' tmek ':00-V', 9 9 ]I:=6 '=92-G , ]B=6= '=4>-G' tmek '=2?-G , ]O?=? '=4=-G' tmek '=9=-G'. Oikket R.4 ]I59?'=55-K_. =9? ZYUIBTCK, TIK Ncrgeb 9= Iuoust 9655 it TKIZ Juabrcse wftm Oikket IZ.9 ncr MGIZ Geadcurke. Egdirleb 46 Nedruiry 965> ncr pis sioe tc Iustriafi ikb nrcg ? Giy 965> it TIKIZ Kcwri wmek kct
Oikket R.5 ]R?548??4-DV fk tme aite 96>0s wftm tme sgiaa TK tftae ikb serfia dacjl ck tme nuseaioe deacw tme tifapaike wmfjm evektuiaay dejige tme kcrg. Bespfte tme TIN ibcptfko ibmesfve strfp biyoac fk prenerekje tc jckvektfckia pifkt, tme Naeet Ifr Irg's Oikket R.5s jcktfkueb usfko biyoac reb pifkt uktfa tmeyIGcre wftmbriwk nrcg servfje fk 96?=. (IPK)
9
=:9 ZYUIBTCK Ncrgeb 9 Giy 965= it TKIZ Juabrcse wftm Ivekoers, Zei ^ekcgs ikb Oikket IZ. 9s, dut tme aitter aent dy tme ekb cn tme yeir . Ivekoe rs rep aijeb dy Oik ket I Z.2s Huke 9 656 ik b tme se dy Oikket IZ.>s fk Nedruiry 96>9. Rc TIN _ittck 4> Huay 96>: ikb ikb bfsdikbeb 9> Giy 96>>.
9
NB , ]I200 '=?6-NB . OikketIZ.2 ]I29?'=5>-NB'. Oikket R.4 ]I54: '=>:', ]I545 '=>2-NB', ]O=?:, ]O=?>8=>2.
DTFRFZM GFZJEAAIKECUZ UKFRZ
Jcktfkueb nrcg prevfcus pioe
TK Ifr Eaejtrfjia Zjmcca (aiter Ifr Ekofkeerfko Zjmcca), Aee-ckZcaekt OikketIZ.9 _K:2>, _K:69, _K25:, ]I:24. OikketIE_.: ]P44>, _K:26. OikketIZ.> ]I256, ]I2>0. TK Ifr Ekofkeerfko Ifr Ekofkeerfko Zjmcca, Irdrcitm Oikket _E2==. OikketIZ.9 _K:29, _K:2:'9 0 >, _K:22, _K:52, _K:>2, _K:?:, _K:?>, _K:6:, _K249, _K25: '999', _K252 '90>', _K2>4. Oikket R.4 ]I590, ]I59=, ]I54:, ]O==9. OikketIZ.> ]O?6?. TK Ekofkeerfko Jcaaeoe , Gikibck Oikket ^T55?, _E2==. Oikket R.4 ]I50=. TK Zjmcca cn Ifrjrint Mikbafko , Juabrcse Oikket IZ.9 _K:2>, ]I:>:. Oikket IZ.2 ]I25>, ]I256. Oikket IE_.: ]A500 'AG'. Oikket IZ.> _K2>2, ]I256, ]O=:9.
Egpfre Rest Pfacts Zjmcca. TIE Nirkdcrcuom OikketIZ.9 _K246. Oikket R.4 ]I595'42', ]O=?:'4?'. Gifktekikje Rest Pfacts Zjmcca , Iddctsfkjm OikketIZ.9 ]I:>:, ]I:6=. Oikket IZ.2 ] I2>:. Tcyia Ifrjrint Estidafsmgekt , Debncrb Oikket ^T52>, ^T55?. OikketIZ.9 _K:29. OikketIE_.: ]A250, ]A2?2, ]A504, ]T2::. Oikket R.5 ]XO==>, ]O==6. Tcyia Ifrjrint Estidafsmgekt , Nirkdcrcuom OikketIE_.: ]A2?9. Oikket IZ.9 _K:24 Tcyia Tibir Estidafsmgekt, Persmcre Oikket IE_.: ]A25>, ]A504 ?>-P', ]A50: '0?4-E', ]T2::. Oikket IZ.9 _K:6: Irgstrcko-Zfbbeaey, Dfttesweaa Oikket ^T52>, _E2==, ^T55?. Oikket IZ.9 _K:25, _K:54, _K:65, _K204, _K202, _K2>:.
TIN Aeujmirs OikketIE_.: ]A504.
Drfstca-Zfbbeaey, Nfatck Oikket IE_.: ]H220, ]A259, ]A2?9
TIN Acssfegcutm OikketIE_.: ]A2=9, ]T2:4.
Bcwty-Tctca, Juabrcse OikketIE_.: ]A500 AGQ
TIN Kcrtm Kcrtm Nrckt, Nrckt, Ofdr Ofdr iatir atir OikketIE_.: ]A262 2:9 Gifktek Gifktekikj ikje e Ukft, Ukft, TIN Druooek Druooek OikketIE_.: ]A250. Iercpaike ikb Irgigekt Experf gektia Estidafsmgekt, Dcsjcgde Bcwk Oikket ^T52>, ^T55?. Oikket IZ.9 _K::6, _K:22, _K:25, _K:?4, ]I209, _K:20, _K:29, _K:24, _K:2:, _K:5?. OikketIE_.: ]H220, ]A226, ]A250, ]A259, ]A254, ]A25:, ]A25 >, ]A2?4, ]A2?2, ]A262, ]A26?, ]A50:, ]P44>. Oikket IZ.2 _K:?4. Oikket R.4 _K:>5, ]I595. Oikket R.5 ]O==6. Oikket R.5 ]O==4-??9-AG wis tme nfrst prcbujtfck ifrjrint cn tmfs versfck. Ft serveb wftm =26 Zquibrck fkftfiaay jcbeb 250-JU
_K::6, _K:20,
Nifry Ivfitfck, Miyes ikb _mfte _iatmig Oikket prctctypes ^T52>, ^T55?, _E2==. OikketIZ.9 _K::6, _K:2:, _K:22, ]I:45, ]I209. Oikket R.4 _K:>5. OikketIE_.: ]H220, ]A226, ]A250, ]A252, ]A25>, ]A2?>, ]A2?=, ]A50:. Oikket IZ.2 _K:?4. Oikket R.5 O-IPVC. Nerriktf, Rurkmcuse Oikket _E2==. OikketIZ.9
_K:25.
Migfatck Ztikbirb, Zik Iktckfc, Rx, UZI OikketIE_.: ]A2=4 (K9:50]).
Nifrey Oikket R.Gl 5 ]O==48250-JU cn =26 Zquibrck. Meibquirters r afomt, NII, TKIZ Juabrcse. Kcvegder 96>2.
Nifrey Nifrey Ygket Ygket n- r8G
Nifrey Oikket JCB Gl 2 ]I2>>8???-AG cn =26 Zquibrck, Meibquirters Nafomt, NII, TKIZ Acssfegcutm. Cjtcder 96?=.
r.k n
Fk aite 96?9 tme D Nafomt JCB Oikket wis ]I2>>020-T Ft wcre tme nafomts daijl ikb yb acw jcacurs dut kct fts dee egdaeg. Rme ifrjrint stfaa jirrfeb tme diboe cn MGZ ^fjtcrfcus ck tme nfk sfbes nrcg fts tfge wftm 'I' Nafomt fk tme gfb-96>0s, mivfko deek meab
Oikket IZ.2 (JCB) ]I2:0802?-E cn =26 Zquibrck 'B' Nafomt fk 96?9. Ft jirrfes tme nafomt's daue ikb wmfte jcacurs ck tme spfkker, iuxfafiry nfks ikb irrester mccl, ikb iasc ircukb tme kcse cn tme gifa pcb nftteb deacw tme pcrt wfko. I wmfte eioae gctfn fs girleb tcwirbs tme nrckt cn tme nfk ikb virfcus squibrck zips ire iasc jirrfeb ck tme tifa ikb reir nuseaioe. (GIP)
Rmereinter ft wis useb is i orcukb fkstrujtfckia ifrnrige, nfrst it _crtmy Bcwk ikb nrcg Huay 9655 it tme TK Ifr Ekofkeerfko Zjmcca, Irdrcitm. Dejiuse mikbafko trfias stfaa smcweb tmit tme Oikket mib i prcpeksfty ncr sfttfko ck fts tifa burfko orcukb gcves ft wis bejfbeb tc gcve tme gifk ukberjirrfioe caecs safomtay nirtmer dijl ck prcbujtfck ifrjrint. Rc test tmfs tmecry ^T52> wis qufjlay gcbfnfeb dy mivfko fts gifk caecs sacpeb dijlwirbs, sc tmit tme wmeea tcujmeb tme orcukb 94 fkjmes nirtmer dijl tmik prevfcusay, ikb is tmfs prevekteb tme ukberjirrfioe nrcg retrijtfko tme wmeeas were nfxeb fk tme acwereb pcsftfck. Fk tmfs stite ^T52> wis beafvereb tc Dcsjcgde Bcwk fk Giy 9654 ncr nurtmer servfje trfias, wmfjm fkjaubeb nafomt bejl mikbafko tests ikb >> bejl aikbfkos ikb aiukjmes idcirb MGZ Eioae. Eioae. Ck jcgpaetfck cn tmese trfias ^T52> mib fts kcrgia ukberjirrfioe restcreb ikb jcktfkueb wftm tme Oikket test prcorigge uktfa nfkiaay orcukbeb fk eiray 9652. Ft tmek ippeirs tc mive ocke tc Irgstrcko Zfbbeaey it Dfttesweaa dencre gcvfko ck tc TKIZ Iktmcrk fk 9655. Nrcg tmere ft wekt tc tme Ifrjrint Mcabfko Ukft it Iddctsfkjm burfko Zeptegder 965> ncr spires rejcvery ikb tme ncaacwfko gcktm fts mual wekt tc TKIZ Bckfdrfstae wmere fts
RME OIKKER IZ.9 Is ft wis evektuiaay dufat tme Oikket IZ.a wis i tmree-seit ifrjrint wftm tme pfact ikb cdserver fk tme nrckt twc jcjlpfts, ikb i reirwirb-nijfko ribir cperitcr fk tme reir cke. Rme ribir ftsean wis pcsftfckeb int cn tme weipcks diy wftm fts sjikker fk i vektria ribcge wmfjm wis acwereb wmek tme ribir wis cperitfko. Ijjess tc tme jcjlpfts wis vfi i dufat fk brcp-step acw ck tme stirdcirb sfbe cn tme kcse wftm lfjl-steps ck tme nuseaioe sfbe imeib cn tme wfko ikb wialwiys ijrcss tme wfko rccts. Iaa tme jikcpfes were gikuiaay cperiteb ikb safb int, ikb jcuab de hettfs ckeb fk ik egeroekjy . Ncr jirrf er cperitfcks tme ifrjrint mib mybriuafj wfko ncabfko wftm eijm wfko ncabfko it twc
bepacygekt cn tme naips tmere wis kcw i servc jckkejtfck detweek tme naips ikb tme tifapaike fkjfbekje jcktrca. _ftm tmfs gcbfnfjitfck naip bepacygekt kcw iutcgitfjiaay iatereb tme tifapaike ikoae cn fkjfbekje tc gifktifk ifrjrint trfg. Rme Oikket's cnneksfve weipcks were gcstay jirrfeb fk tme ekjacseb weipcks diy ikb jcksfsteb cn virfcus jcgdfkitfcks cn mcgfko tcrpebces, beptm jmiroes, sei gfkes ikb jckvektfckia 4,000 ad, 9,000 ad cr 500 ad dcgds, desfbes pirijmute naires, girfke girlers ikb sckcducys. Rmere were iasc ncur gcuktfko pcfkts deacw tme jektre ncabfko pikea cn eijm wfko jipidae cn jirryfko up tc i tctia cn 42 ukoufbeb rcjlet prchejtfaes. Rme ifrjrint wis nuaay stresseb ncr jitipuat
=:9 Zquibrck Oikket IZ.> ]O=:9 fk 96>5. Rme ckay squibrck girlfkos jirrfeb it tmit tfge were tme reb spfkkers wftm i sfkoae kirrcw yeaacw dikb, ikb reb upper iuxfafiry nfks wftm i yeaacw afomtkfko naism. Rme aitter girlfko wis resurrejteb ncr Kc. :>0 Zquibrck, TIN, tc smcw tmit ukft's kivia afkeioe. (IPK) prijtfjidae dejiuse cn ctmer ifrjrint rikoeb ck bejl. Ck 6 Huke 965: _K::6, tme nfrst prcbujtfck Oikket IZ.a, gibe fts gifbek nafomt nrcg Kcrtmcat wftm Peter Rwfss it tme jcktrcas, ikb scck interwirbs naew tc _mfte _iatmig ncr nfttfko cut. Rmereinter ifrjrint were beafvereb tc tme TK nrcg dctm tme Miyes ikb Ztcjlpcrt prcbujtfck afkes, wftm _K:?0 defko tme nfrst Oikket tc aeive tme Gikjmester nijtcry fk 9652. Rme eiray prcbujtfck ifrjrint were iaa useb ncr virfcus test purpcses dy Nifrey, Irgstrcko Zfbbeaey, Nerriktf ikb tme I&IEE, ikb dy Cjtcder 965: _K::6 nrcg Dcsjcgde Bcwk mib sujjessnuaay jcgpaeteb nafomt bejl trfias idcirb MGZ Faaustrfcus ikb MGZ Eioae. Irgstrcko Zfbbeaey useb ncur ifrjrint it Dfttesweaa ncr wcrl ck tme Bcudae Gigdi, fkjaubfko _K:20 wmfjm dejige i test-deb ncr tme gcre pcwernua IZGB.: ekofke, wmfae _K:25 wekt tc Rurkmcuse tc de useb dy Nerriktf is i ribir beveacpgekt ifrjrint uktfa ft tcc wekt tc Irgstrcko Zfbbeaey. Dy Zeptegder 965: testfko cn tme Oikket mib prcoresseb sunnfjfektay ncr _K:29 tc ippeir it tme Nirkdcrcuom ifr smcw, girlfko tme pudafj ukvefafko cn tme TK's kew iktf-sudgirfke ifrjrint. Ifrjrint beafverfes jcktfkueb sc tmit dy tme sprfko cn 9652 sunnfjfekt ifrjrint were ivifaidae ncr tme Oikket's servfje trfias tc deofk. Ijjcrbfkoay nrcg 95 Girjm 9652 ifrjrint
aijl cn eaevitcr jcktrca it acw ekofke pcwer settfkos, sc is i tegpcriry geisure pfacts were fkstrujteb kct jacse tme tmrcttaes ck tme ipprcijm it speebs deacw 900 lts dut tc jcktfkue nayfko tme ifrjrint fktc tme bejl< aiter, wftm tme ibvekt cn tme ikoaeb nafomt bejl, tmfs wis tc dejcge stikbirb prcjebure. Rme trfias iasc smcweb up i tekbekjy ncr ekofke jcgpresscr stiaa ukber jertifk nafomt jckbftfcks ikb tmfs aeb tc tme Oikkets defko orcukbeb fk Iuoust 9652 ncr twc gcktms sc tmit gcbfnfjitfcks jcuab de gibe tc tme prcpeaaer pftjm jcktrcas ikb iktf-tcrque swftjmes. Rme aitter were kejessiry tc prevekt i spfkkfko prcpeaaer nrcg triksnerrfko fts tcrque dijl tc ik ekofke wmfjm wis rukkfko it acwer revcautfcks per gfkute, ikb sc bigiofko tme ekofke. Tuk sfguatikecusay wftm ?0:] Nafomt's servfje trfias were Nifrey's cwk jafgitfj trfias
MGZ Oacry uktfa ft returkeb tc Aee-ck-Zcaekt fk Hikuiry 9655 tc re-equfp. Aiter tmit gcktm ft rejefveb efomt Oikket IZ. 9 s ikb triksnerreb tc MGZ Eioae, egdirlfko ncr tme nfrst tfge ck 2 Huke inter ik eirafer perfcb cn bejl-aikbfko prijtfje. Ncaacwfko i smcrt jrufse fk tme Gebfterrikeik tme squibrck bfsegdirleb tc Mia Nir tmek returkeb tc Aeeck-Zcaekt stiofko dijl tmrcuom Nrikje. Cke nfkia perfcb wis spekt idcirb MGZ Eioae burfko tme iutugk cn 9655 exerjfsfko cnn Zjikbfkivfi tmek tme squibrck returkeb tc Aee-ck-Zcaekt ck 44 Kcvegder ikb wis bfsdikbeb. Rmese twc smcrt jrufses idcirb MGZ Eioae were very gujm tc see mcw tme Oikket perncrgeb ukber cperitfckia jckbftfcks, ikb ckje tmey were ukber wiy tme TK set idcut tme ripfb re-equfpgekt cn fts Ivekoer iktf-sudgirfke squibrcks it TKIZ Eoafktck, tmefr pirekt smcre stitfck.
Nifrey Oikket IE_ Gl.: ]A25> ?>>>-DV cn =26 Zquibrck, Meibquirters Nafomt, NII, TKIZ Driwby. Rccl pirt fk virfcus Ga wmfjm ibbeb extri EJG ittijmgekts tc bcrsia afke
Nifrey Oikket IE_.Gl.: ]A26>?>5-AG cn =26 Zquibrck, Meibquirters Nafomt, NII, TKIZ Acssfegcutm. Huay 96?9
Nifrey Oikket IE_.Gl.: ]A2524>9-M cn =26 Zquibrck, I' Nafomt. NII, MGZ ^fjtcrfcus fk tme aite 96>0s.
=26 Zquibr Zquibrc k, ”I‖ Nafomt squibrck diboe
Fk 96>5 MGZ Irl Tcyia cperiteb Oikket IZ.2 (JCB) ]O?=>84-T, smcwk mere vfsftfko TIN Auqi, Giati. Ft jirrfes i gifa pcb deacw tme stirdcirb wfko wftm i airoe Pcst Cnnfje ibvertfsegekt stujl ck tme sfbe prcjaifgfko tme sfxpekky pcstia rite it tme tfge!. Rme ifrjrint wis cke cn severia issfokeb tc Naio Cnnfjer Ifrjrint Jirrfers, mekje tme nfk girlfko ikb tme Teir-Ibgfria's naio ikb jcbe ck tme kcse sfbes.(IPK)
MGZ Iadfck. Ncaacwfko cke jrufse tc tme Gebfterrikeik ikb Nir Eist tme squibrck returkeb mcge ikb wis bfsdikbeb it Aee-ckZcaekt ck ? Iuoust 965>. Ikctmer kew ukft wis =94 Zquibrck wmfjm ncrgeb it TKIZ Eoafktck wftm efomt Oikket IZ.Fs ck ? Kcvegder 9655 ikb serveb cke tcur fk tme Gebfterrikeik wftm MGZ Eioae dencre iasc bfsdikbfko it Aee-ck-Zcaekt, ck 9: Bejegder 965>. Rme aist sei-ocfko squibrck tc rejefve tme Oikket IZ.a wis =95 Zquibrck wmfjm ncrgeb it Eoafktck ck > Nedruiry 965>, mivfko cperiteb Ivekoer IZ.5s up uktfa Cjtcder tme prevfcus yeir. Ncaacwfko i aekotmy perfcb ismcre ekbfko wftm i gcve tc TKIZ Juabrcse fk Kcvegder 965>, tme squibrck egdirleb fk MGZ Irl Tcyia fk Giy 965? ncr i drfen jrufse tc tme UZI. Ncaacwfko fts returk tc
fk Jyprus, iatmcuom kcgfkiaay diseb it TKIZ Mia Nir, Giati. Ncaacwfko i drfen wcrlup tme ukft bepacyeb tc TIN Kfjcsfi were ft irrfveb ck = Iprfa. Ft regifkeb tmere ncr tme kext tmree yeirs nayfko surnije seirjm pitrcas ircukb tme fsaikb acclfko ncr vesseas ittegptfko tc aikb weipcks cr persckkea fk suppcrt cn tme Oreel Jyprfct terrcrfsts nfomtfko ncr fkbepekbekje ikb ukfck wftm Oreeje. Fk Huke 965= tme squibrck re- equfppe equfppeb b wftm tme Oikket IZ.2 ikb jcktfkueb fts pitrcas uktfa tme fkterkia sftuitfck mib jiageb bcwk. Rme squibrck tmek returkeb tc tme UL ikb bfsdikbeb it Vecvfatck ck 9 Bejegder 9656, wftm Jyprus defko orikteb fts fkbepekbekje tme ncaacwfko yeir. OIKKER RTIFKETZ IKB RTIFKFKO
tc tme Oikket Oikket i trifkfko versfck wcuab iasc iaacw trifkee pfacts tc prijtfse bejl aikbfkos ikb aiukjmes nrcg jirrfers fk tme jcgpiky cn ik fkstrujtcr wmc jcuab issuge jcktrca smcuab tme keeb irfse. Ijjcrbfkoay, ckje Oikket IZ.a prcbujtfck wis ukber wiy betifas were nfkiafzeb ncr i trifker versfck tc de besfokiteb tme Oikket R.4. Rme prctctype wis _K:>5, i Oikket IZ. 9 wmfjm wis jckverteb ck tme Miyes prcbujtfck afke tc tme kew stikbirb, disfjiaay dy beaetfko tme seirjm ribir ikb fts vektria ribcge ikb dy fkstiaafko nuaa buia jcktrcas fk tme sejckb jcjlpft. Is tme stubekt pfact wcuab sft fk tme nrckt jcjlpft, fk crber tc fgprcve tme ncrwirb vfsfck cn tme fkstrujtcr tme smipe cn tme tukkea detweek tme twc jikcpfes wis safomtay jmikoeb ikb i perfsjcpe wis gcukteb fggebfiteay imeib cn tme fkstrujtcr's safbfko jikcpy. Prcvfsfck wis gibe fk tme reir jcjlpft ncr eftmer i ribfc cperitcr cr twc pissekoers. Rme nfrst nafomt cn _K:>5 tccl paije ck 9> Iuoust 9652 ikb tme ncaacwfko yeir tme TK stirteb tc rejefve tme nfrst prcbujtfck Oikket R.4s nrcg ik fkftfia crber ncr 4: ifrjrint. Rme nfrst ifrjrint wekt tc ?:? Zquibrck, pirt cn tme Kivia Iktf-Zudgirfke Zjmcca it TKIZ Eoafktck fk Nedruiry 9655, tc de hcfkeb tme ncaacwfko gcktm dy Oikket IZ. Fs, ikb dy Huke cn tmit yeir tme Oikkets mib repaijeb tme squibrck's iktf-sudgirfke
Oikket R.4 ]I5928=?=-K_ wis typfjia cn tme trifkers useb dy ?42 Zquibrck, TIK, it Kcwri defko Iaugfkfug cveriaa wftm Drftfsm-styae yeaacw trifker dikbs. Rmfs pirtfjuair ifrjrint fs nftteb wftm tme twc-tfer ukberwfko rijls ncr 9> rcjlet prchejtfaes. (IPK) (IPK )
Nfrenay ifrjrint. Rme Zjmcca's ctmer jcgpckekt ukft wis ?96 Zquibrck, equfppeb wftm Nfrenay R.?s ncr disfj iktf-sudgirfke trifkfko, ikb iatmcuom ft stirteb tc rejefve Oikket IZ.Fs ikb R.4s nrcg Kcvegder 9655 fts aist Nfrenay bfb kct aeive uktfa Huke 965>. Rmfs tmek regifkeb is tme trifkfko croikfsitfck uktfa 44 Kcvegder 965? wmek tme Eoafktck sjmcca wis rekigeb tme Kivia Iktf-Zudgirfke Cperitfckia Nayfko Zjmcca ikb ?:? Zquibrck bfsdikbeb, fts ibvikjeb trifkfko rcae defko tilek cver dy ik expikbeb ?96 Zquibrck. Rmfs squibrck jcktfkueb tc use Oikket IZ. Fs ikb R.4s uktfa ft tcc bfsdikbeb ck 9? Girjm 96>0 wftm jcgpaetfck cn tme Naeet Ifr Irg's aist nfxeb wfko iktfsudgirfke CNZ jcurse. Ckje cperitfckia nayfko trifkfko ck tme Oikket wis ukber wiy ft wis pcssfdae tc bfvert scge Oikkets tc ?6> Zquibrck, i jcgpckekt cn tme TK Cdserver ikb Ifr Zfokias Zjmcca it TKIZ Juabrcse. Rme squibrck deoik tc rejefve Oikket R.4s nrcg Nedruiry 965? ikb IZ.Fs nrcg tmit Iprfa, wftm tme aist cn fts Nfrenay R.?s aeivfko fk Bejegder, dut fts tfge wftm Oikkets wis drfen is ?6> Zquibrck wis bfsdikbeb ck 9 Cjtcder 965= is pirt cn i oekeria recroikfzitfck cn TK nayfko trifkfko. Ck giky cjjisfcks Oikket R.4s were iasc fssueb tc nrckt afke squibrcks wmfast ismcre, pirtfjuairay fn tmey were keway ncrgeb, tc issfst fk pfact jckversfck ikb bejl aikbfko prijtfje. Rme
Ifr- Zei _ir nire Beve acp gekt Ukft it Juabrcse. Rmfs rejefveb Oikket IZ.Fs nrcg Giy 9655 wmfjm it nfrst suppaegekteb tmek repaijeb tme ukft's Nfrenay IZ.>s, ikb ncaacwfko i rebesfokitfck is tme Kivia IktfZudgirfke Beveacpgekt Ukft ft jcktfkueb tc use tmeg uktfa fts bfsdikbgekt ck :9 Cjtcder 965>. BEZFOK FGPTC^EGEKRZ Evek dencre tme nfrst Oikket IZ.a mib hcfkeb tme naeet dctm Nifrey ikb Irgstrcko Zfbbeaey were wcrlfko ck besfok fgprcvegekts. Is tme ifrjrint's wefomt oribuiaay rcse, gifkay bue tc ibbftfcks tc fts irgigekt ikb sckfj equfpgekt, i gcre pcwernua versfck wis seek tc de kejessiry fn nurtmer
beveacpgekt cn tme type wis tc de pcssfdae. Irgstrcko Zfbbeaey wis iareiby wcrlfko ck tme gcre pcwernua IZGB.: versfck cn tme Bcudae Gigdi beveacpfko :,0:5 smp, sc puttfko tmfs fktc tme Oikket wis seek is tme kext acofjia step, ikb fk 9652 paiks were prepireb ncr i re-ekofkeb Oikket. _mek _K:?4 returkeb nrcg trcpfjia trfias it Lmirtcug ft wis tilek tc Miyes wmere ft wis nftteb wftm i Bcudae Gigdi 909, tmeprcbujtfck versfck cn tme IZGB.:, ennejtfveay dejcgfko tme prctctype Oikket IZ.2 iatmcuom ft wis kct nuaay represektitfve cn tme kew versfck. Rme ifrjrint nfrst naew wftm tme kew ekofke nrcg TIN Kcrtmcat ck 94 Girjm 965> ikb fk Huay wekt tc Rrfpcaf, Afdyi ncr mct weitmer trfias, wftm ]I294, tme nfrst
=9> Zquibrck TIK Oikket IZ.9 ]I::98=56-G fk 96>5. Rme spfkkers were oreek wftm i sfkoae yeaacw dikb ikb tme irrester mccl wis iasc dikbeb fk tme squibrck jcacurs. Mcwever, tme ukft diboe deacw tme jcjlpft nrckt bces kct ippeir tc de tmit cn =9> Zquibrck. (GIP)
prcbujtfck ifrjrint, gilfko fts gifbek nafomt ck 9: Iprfa. Rme prejebfko twc ifrjrint ck tme Miyes prcbujtfck afke, ]I290 ikb ]I299, mib iareiby deek jcgpaeteb is IZ.Fs dut were fggebfiteay jckverteb tc IZ.2 stikbirb dencre dencre tmefr beafvery beafvery fk Giy , 965 >.
Dejiuse cn fts sfgfairfty tc tme Oikke Oikkett IZ. 9 servfje trfias were drfen ikb beafvery cn Oikket IZ.2s tc tme TK deoik tmit iut ugk. Cutwirbay tmere wis kctmfko tc bfstfkoufsm detweek tme twc versfcks exjept tmit tme twc jfrjuair pcrt mcaes imeib cn tme reir jikcpy were daikleb cnn ck tme Oikket
IZ.2 , wftm ibbft fckia equfp gekt defko stcweb fk tmfs pirt cn tme nuseaioe ncrwirb cn tme ifrjrewgik's seit. Mcwever, ft fs prcdidae tmit scge IZ.Fs iasc mib tmese wfkbcws daikleb cut is tmey tmrew afomt nrcg demfkb tme cperitcr ijrcss tme ribir sjreek. It tme sige tfge tme Oikket IZ.2 wis prcbujeb i re-ekofkeb versfck cn tme Oikket R.4 wis iasc paikkeb. Rmere wis kc prctctype cn tmfs versfck dut fksteib tme exfstfko Oikket R.4 jcktrijt wis igekbeb sc tmit efomt ifrjrint ck tme Miyes prcbujtfck afke, ]O==4-==? ikb ]O==6-=60, were ofvek tme kew ekofke ikb egeroeb is Oikket R.5s. Rme nfrst cke gibe fts gifbek nafomt nrcg Kcrtmcat ck 9 Girjm 965?. Rme prctctype Oikket R.4, _K:>5, wis jckverteb tc R.5 stikbirb ikb nrcg Girjm 96>0 wis useb dy Nifrey it _mfte _iatmig is i jcggukfjitfcks ikb trifkfko ifrjrint wftm tme jfvfa reofstritfck O-IPVC, uktfa defko put fktc stcrioe fk 96>9. Mcwever fk 96>>, dy wmfjm tfge Oikket trifkers were fk smcrt suppay, ft wis dcuomt dy tme TK, ofvek tme kew serfia
Aent8 Rmrcuomcut tmefr servfje jireer tme Oergik Oikket IZ.2s seabcg jirrfeb kc ukft girlfkos ctmer ctmer tmik tmik tme GNO.9 / 9 squibrck jcbe ck tme reir nuseaioe wmfjm wis prcdiday retifkeb wmek tme ifrjrint
Oikket R.4 AI-09 cn tme Fkbckesfik Kivy it Daijldusme fk tme eiray 96>0s. Ft weirs tme stikbirb Drftfsm trifker nfkfsm cn tme perfcb cn cveriaa Iaugfkfug wftm yeaacw trifker dikbs dut iasc mib yeaacw spfkkers. Rme serfia wis is iaacjiteb dencre beafvery dut wis scck jmikoeb sc tmit tme kugerfjia orcup ncaacweb ck nrcg tmcse issfokeb tc tme IZ.2s. Gcst prcdiday tmfs ifrjrint evektuiaay dejige AI-9=. (IPK)
kugder ]R?54 ikb put dijl fktc servfje. Fk 96>? tme Oikket R.4 ]O=== wis iasc dcuomt dijl, tmfs tfge nrcg tme TIK, drcuomt up tc R.5 stikbirb it Miyes ikb nfkiaay beafvereb tc tme Naeet Ifr Ikk fk Iuoust tme ncaacwfko ncaacwfko yeir. Ft mib iasc deek paikkeb tc jckvert ]I59= fk 96>? dut wcrl wis idikbckeb tme ncaacwfko yeir ikb tme ifrnrige scab ncr sjrip. Rme nfrst ukft tc rejefve tme Oikket IZ.2 wis =42 Zquibrck it Juabrcse wmfjm wis jmiroeb wftm jirryfko cut nurtmer servfje trfias it sei, ukber cperitfckia jckbftfcks. Rme squibrck bfspcseb cn fts aist Oikket IZ.Fs dy Cjtcder 965> ikb ncaacwfko i perfcb wcrlfko up egdirleb fk MGZ Irl Tcyia burfko Hikuiry 965? ncr pissioe tc tme Gebfterrikeik. Aiter tmit gcktm tme squibrck triksnerreb tc MGZ Iadfck cnn Giati, ikb tme rest cn tme yeir wis tilek up wftm nurtmer smcrt bepacygekts uktfa tme squibrck bfsdikbeb it Juabrcse ck 9 Kcvegder 965?. Nurtmer testfko wis ukbertilek ismcre dy ?00 Zquibrck it Ncrb, aiter gcvfko tc Vecvfatck, wmfjm mib i kugder cn Oikket IZ.2s ck strekotm nrcg Nedruiry 965? uktfa Nedruiry 96>0. Rme kext ukft tc rejefve tme Oikket IZ.2 wis =92 Zquibrck wmfjm ncrgeb it TKIZ Juabrcse ck 92 Hikuiry 965? wftm efomt ifr-
squibrck returkeb tc Juabrcse fk Iprfa F6>0 tmek re-egdirleb fk Huke ncr tme aist tfge, jirryfko cut exerjfses fk tme Diatfj ikb ircukb Zjikbfkivfi dencre bfsdikbfko ck 94 Huay 96>0, i bite girlfko tme ekb cn tme Oikket's jireer fk iktf-sudgirfke wirnire. Burfko tme 9650s ft dejige jaeir tmit ever fkjreisfko igcukts cn eaejtrckfj equfpgekt wcuab dejcge ivifaidae tc iktf-sudgirfke ifrjrint, ikb Nifrey prcpcseb twc versfcks cn tme Oikket tc gile tme gcst cn tme kew tejmkcacoy. Ncreseefko tmit piyacib wcuab de tme jrujfia nijtcr Nifrey tcyeb wftm tme fbei cn cptfgfzfko cke versfck cn tme Oikket ncr sudgirfke betejtfck, nfaafko tme nuseaioe wftm eaejtrckfj equfpgekt ikb sckcducys, wmfast tme ctmer versfck wcuab de acibeb wftm tme cnneksfve weipckry. Fk cke sekse
ZUPPCTR BURFEZ Desfbes tme nrckt afke iktf-sudgirfke squibrcks ikb tmefr cperitfckia trifkfko ukfts Oikkets were iasc useb ncr i smcrt tfge dy tme Tcyia Kivia ^caukteer Teserve. Ckje tme sei-ocfko ukfts mib deek reequfppeb Oikket IZ. 9 s ikb R.4s were beafvereb tc tme Jmikkea Ifr Bfvfsfck, TK^T it TKIZ Ncrb, wmere i pcca cn ifrjrint wis smireb detweek 9=20 ikb 9=24 Zquibrcks is requfreb. Beafverfes stirteb fk Nedruiry 965> ikb fk ibbftfck it aeist cke Oikket IZ. 2 wis bea fv ere b tc Ncr b den cre iaa Teserve nayfko squibrcks were bfsdikbeb ck : Cjtcder 965?. Rmfs kcw geikt tmit ckje i type's nrckt afke servfje wis cver tme ifrjrint dejige rebukbikt ikb were bfspcseb cn iagcst it ckje, meapfko tc expaifk wmy tme
Oikkets were trikspcrteb tc Miyes ncr renurdfsmgekt ck i spejfiaay rfooeb acw-aciber. Mere tme nuseaioe cn Oikket IZ.2 ]I2:0 (see pioe 95) fs smcwk gilfko tme hcurkey ncr nuaa jckversfck tc JCB stikbirbs ncaacwfko fts perfcb cn eviauitfck it Aee-ck-Zcaekt fk tme eiray 96>0s. Kcte tme vektria ribcge wmfjm wis regcveb is pirt cn tme jckversfck. (IPK)
tme acko-terg paik wis tc repaije tme Ivekoers wft m spe jf iaa y gcbf nfe b Oik ket IZ .2s . Rmese irrfveb fk Nedruiry 9656 ikb jcktfkueb fk use iagcst up uktfa tme squibrck bfsdikbeb fk Iuoust 96>>, dy wmfjm tfge ft wis diseb it TIN _ittck. Rme rcae cn tme squibrck wis tc trifk TK persckkea tc cperite fk ik eaejtrckfj wirnire (E_) ekvfrckgekt ikb ncr tmfs tme squibrck's ifrjrint jirrfeb ribir ikb jcggukfjitfcks higgers cn virfcus types. Ibbftfckiaay =:9 Zquibrck iasc mib tme tisl cn eviauitfko kew E_ equfpgekt ikb tijtfjs. Is ik E_ paitncrg tme Oikket IZ.2 mib tme ibviktioe cn acko ekburikje, i airoe stcres diy fk wmfjm tc jirry tme kejessiry
jcuab de bebfjiteb tc cperitfko tme E_ equfpgekt. Ft jcuab iasc egdirl wmek requfreb tc prcvfbe i gcre reiafstfj 'cnneksfve' higgfko rcae ncr i smfp's ifr orcup burfko exerjfses ikb sc bc iwiy wftm tme keeb ncr smcre-diseb suppcrt ifrjrint. Rmese E_ Oikkets mib new exterkia bfnnerekjes tc fbektfny tmeg ctmer tmik extri ierfia gists iacko tme bejlfko, ikb tmefr gystery wis preserveb dy tme retektfck cn tme IZ.2 besfokitfck. Exterkia equfpgekt pcbs jcuab iasc de jirrfeb ck ik ibbftfckia pyack deacw eijm wfko rcct. Mcwever, dy idcut 96>0 tmey were renerreb tc is Oikket IZ.>s presugiday tc renaejt sfokfnfjikt fkterkia gcbfnfjitfcks tc tme weipcks diy, eaejtrfjia wfrfko accgs
cn ik upbiteb ribir. Evek sc tmey stfaa cperiteb ukber tme jcver cn defko iktf-sudgirfke ifrjrint sc is kct tc ittrijt ukbue ittektfck. Rcbiy repcrts jcktfkue tc jfrjuaite cn tmefr defko besfokiteb Oikket EJG.2 ikb EJG.>, cr sfgfair, dut tmese gcst prcdiday renaejt ukcnnfjfia besfokitfcks. I gcre pudafj rcae ncr tme Oikket IZ.2 wis is i jirrfer ckdcirb beafvery (JCB) ifrjrint jirryfko gifa, persckkea ikb afomt stcres cut tc jirrfers it sei ikb dijl. Ncr tmfs tme ribir equfpgekt nftteb wis regcveb ikb fgprcveb MN ribfc equfpgekt nftteb fkvcavfko i ackoer ierfia wfre egerofko nrcg tme pcrt int nuseaioe hust idcve tme het pfpe. Rme weipcks diy wis ibipteb tc tile pikkfers ncr stcres cr evek i acko-rikoe nuea tikl, ikb i diooioe pcb jcuab iasc de jirrfeb ck i pyack gcukteb deacw eijm wfko fggebfiteay fkdcirb cn tme fkker wfko ncab. Fk tmfs rcae tme ifrjrint mib i jrew cn twc ikb jcuab jirry cke pissekoer fk tme reir jcjlpft. I Oikket IZ.2 (JCB) wis kcrgiaay issfokeb tc eijm jirrfer it sei ikb cperiteb is pirt cn tme smfp's nafomt, wftm MGZ Irl Tcyia defko tme nfrst fk 96>9. _mek kct egdirleb tme JCB Oikkets jcuab Rme Oikket IE_.: iercbykigfj prctctype ]H220 nftteb wftm tme crfofkia smcrt irrester mccl dut wftm tme tifa dugper regcveb. Ft crfofkiaay naew fk ik ukpifkteb nfkfsm dut wis aiter ofvek tme stikbirb Zly ikb Extri Birl Zei Orey jcacur sjmege wftm daijl spfkkers useb dy cperitfckia
'CVIA KI^V
Nifrey Oikket IE_.Gl.: ]P44282:9-Tcn =26 Zquibrck J Nafomt.NII, MGZ Irl Tcyia, ck 4= Giy 96>2. Iaditrcs zip ck kcse.
Nifrey Oikket JCB Gl 2 ]O?=>8NCIJ-4/T MGZ Irl Tcyins smfps nafomt. 96>2->>.Naio Cnnfjer Ifrjrint Jirrfers pekkikt ck kcse.
Nifrey Oikket IE_.Gl.: ]A26:82:?-E cn =26 Zquibrck 'B' Nafomt, MGZ Eioae, 96>2-96>5. Uklkcwk zip ukber jcjlpft.
NIFTEV OIKKER PTCBUJRFCK Nifrey Ivfitfck jckstrujtfck kugders ippeir inter serfia
TCVIA KI^V Nifrey Oikket prctctypes ^T52> (j/k N=4?0), ^T55? (N=4?9) ikb _E2== (N=?26). : ifrjrint Nifrey Oikket IZ.9 _K::6-:>2 (N6999-69:>), _K:>>-:?= (N69:=-6950), _K:60-246 (N6959-6960), _K225-2>2 (N6969-6490), ]I:96-:>2 (N6499-645>), ]I:=?-206 (N645?-64?6), ]I2:2 (N6:02), ]I2:> (N6:0>), ]B=6= (N6:4?), ]O?=2-?=5 (N6:54-6:5:), ]O?=? (N6:55), ]O?=6 (N6:5?), ]O?69-?64 (N6:566:>0), ]O?65-?6> (N6:>:-6:>2), ]O=45-=4> (N6:>?-6:>=). 9=9 ifrjrint Nifrey Oikket R.4 _K:>5 (N69:?), ]I50=-5:0 (N6:4=-6:50), ]O=>6-==9 (N6:6=-6290), ]O=== (N629?). ]I5:9 jik jeaaeb. Jckversfck nrcg IZ. 9 ]I:::. := ifrjrint Nifrey Oikket IE_.: prctctype ]H220 (N62:9). 9 ifrjrint Nifrey Oikket IE_.: ]A226-25> (N62:4-62:6), ]A2?9-2=4 (N6220-6259), ]A26:-50: (N6254-62>4), ]P96?-966 (N62>:62>5), ]P442-446 (N62>>-62?9), ]T2:9-2:: (N6592-659>) 22 ifrjrint Nifrey Oikket IZ.2 Prctctype _K:?4 jckverteb nrcg IZ.9. ]I290-2:: (N64=0-6:0:), ]I2:5 (N6:05), ]I252-2?: (N6:0?-6:4>), ]O?=: (N6:59), ]O?=> (N6:52), ]O?== (N6:5>), ]O?60 (N6:5=), ]O?6:-?62 (N6:>9-6:>4), ]O?6?-?6= (N6:>5-6:>>), ]O=4?-=:> (N6:>6-6:?=), ]O=:6-=20 (N6:=9-6:=4), ]O=2:-=22 (N6:=5-6:=>), ]O=2> (N6:==), ]O=26-=50 (N6:69-6:64), ]O=54-=5: (N6:62-6:65). ]O=:?, '=:=, '=29, '=24, '=25, '=2?, '=2=, '=59, '=52 ikb '=55 jikjeaaeb. Jckversfck nrcg IZ.9 _K2>2. ?2 ifrjrint Nifrey Oikket IZ.2 JCB jckversfcks nrcg IZ.2 ]I2: ]I2:0, 0, ]I25 ]I252, 2, ]I2>>, ] I2?0 I2?0,, ]O?= ]O?=>, >, ]O?6 ]O?60. 0. > ifrj ifrjri rint nt Nifrey Oikket R.5 ]O==4-==? (N6299-629>0), ]O==6-=60 (N629=-6296). Jckversfck nrcg R.4 ]O=?:, ]O===, ]R?54 (crfofkiaay _K:>5). 99 ifrjrint ifrjrint Nifrey Oikket IZ.> jckversfcks nrcg IZ.2 _K2>2, ]I292, ]I256, ]I2>0, ]I2?4, ]O?6?, ]O?6=, ]O=:9, ]O=:4 6 ifrjrint
TCVIA IUZRTIAFIK KI^V Nifrey Oikket IZ.9 _K25>-256, ]I:4>-::2, ]I:2:, ]I:50-:59, ]I:5>, ]I:56, ]I:=6, ]I20:, ]I2:2, ]I2:>, ]B=6=, ]O?=2-?=5, ]O?=?, ]O?=6, ]O?69-?64, ]O?65-?6>, ]O=45-=4>. :: ifrjrint Nifrey Oikket R.4 ]I592, ]I59?, ]O===. Jckversfck nrcg IZ.9 ]I:::. 2 ifrjrint
NEBETIA OETGIK KI^V
ft mib i Oikket IZ.2 ck tme strekotm cn Merck Nafomt, ikb Aee-ck-Zcaekt cperiteb it aeist cke Oikket IZ.2 (JCB) ck cjjisfcks cjjisfcks burfko tme gfb-96>0s ck demian cn Naio Cnnfje Kivia Ifr Jcggikb (NCKIJ) ikb Naio Cnnfjer Ifrjrint Jirrfers (NCIJ) wmcse meibquirters were fk tme acjia irei. Cke nfkia user cn tme Oikket R.4 wis tme Egpfre Rest Pfact Zjmcca it TIE Nirkdcrcuom. Dejiuse cn fts ukfque ekofke ikb prcpeaaer jcknfouritfck ikb tmree seits tme Oikket wis ik fbeia sudhejt ncr tme stubekts tc nay ikb it aeist twc ifrjrint were useb nrcg 9655 uktfa 9
ircukb 96>4, tmese defko ]I595 '42 ikb ]O=?: '4?'. OIKKERZ NCT E]PCTR Rme Oikket bfb ekhcy scge expcrt sujjess dut nrcg tme deofkkfko tme ncrefok siaes were kct iktfjfpiteb tc de mfom dejiuse cn tme sgiaa kugder cn kivfes wmfjm mib ifrjrint jirrfers. Evek sc, twc justcgers bfb kct cperite jirrfers dut kevertmeaess dcuomt tme Oikket ncr smcrt-rikoe jcistia iktf-sudgirfke cperitfcks - _est Oergiky ikb Fkbckesfi. Rme nfrst justcger mcwever, wis tme Tcyia Iustr iafik Kivy, wmfjm mib ijqufreb i sejckb jirrfer nrcg tme TK, jcggfssfckeb fk Cjtcder 9655 is MGIZ Geadcurke, ikb wis smcppfko ircukb tc equfp fts ifr orcup. Zfkje tme Oikket IZ.2 wcuab kct de reiby ncr servfje ncr severia gcre yeirs tme TIK dcuomt :: Oikket IZ.Fs ikb tmree R.4s nrcg exfstfko TK stcjls burfko 9655 wftm tme ifg cn nfttfko tmeg wftm tme gcre pcwernua ekofke fk bue jcurse. Mcwever, fk tme evekt
tme
servfje
repaijeb
tmeg
wftm
tme
Oruggik Z-4 Rrijler fksteib. Rme TIK ” issfokeb tme ”K:- serfia kugder type prenfx tc
Mivfko dcuomt tme ifrjrint tme TIK sekt persckkea tc tme UL sc tmit twc squibrcks jcuab ncrg ikb wcrl up dencre returkfko tc Iustri afi wmek MGIZ Geadcurke wis beafvereb fk 965>. Ijjcrbfkoay, =9> ikb =9? Zquibrcks were ncrgeb it TKIZ Juabrcse fk Iuoust 9655, eijm wftm sevek Oikket IZ.9s fkftfiaay, tmek ckje dctm tme smfp ikb fts ifr orcup were reiby tme squibrcks egdirleb fk Nedruiry 965>
Rme nfrst TIKtrifkfko ukft tc rejefve tme Oikket wis ?42Zquibrck, tme servfjes Cperitfckia Rrifkfko Zjmcca diseb it TIKIZ Kcwri. Is sujm ft cperiteb i virfety cn ifrjrint types tc wmfjm wis ibbeb tme Oikket IZ. F ikb R.4 fk Huke 9655, dut fk Hikuiry 965= tmese were pisseb ck tc tme keway ncrgeb ?45 Zquibrck iasc it Kcwri. Rmfs Zquibrck stirteb is i Naeet Tequfregekts Ukft cperitfko virfcus types cn ifrjrint,
]A25584>4-M cn =26 Zquibrck I' Nafomt wiftfko tc aiukjm nrcg Merges' pcrt jitipuat fk Cjtcder 96>= Rme Oikket's airoe Ncwaer-type naips ire evfbekt fk tmfs vfew ikb ire set it tme twc-tmfrbs pcsftfck, (iutmcr) cdservers ikb ifrjrew ritfkos requfreb wis triksnerreb tc =9> Zquibrck, dut tme R.4s jcktfkueb fk use uktfa Kcvegder 96>> ncr
Nifrey Oikket IE_.Gl : ]A2=080?4-E cn =26 Zquibrck B' Nafomt, NII, MGZ Eioae detweek 96?0 ikb 96?9.
=26 Zquibrck ”B‖ Nafomt diboe ck nfk cn ]A2=0
Nifrey Oikket IZ.Gl.2 ]I2:08NCIJ-9 ”Jcurfer‖, cn TKIZ Juabrcse detweek Giy ikb Zeptegder 96>9 tc eviauite tme type's suftidfafty ncr tme JCB rcae.
Nifrey Oikket JCB Gl.2 ]I2528NCIJ-:/^ cn MGZ ^fjtcrfcus fk 96>2
Ikctmer Ikctmer ncrefok ncrefok justcger justcger wmc dcuomt dcuomt tme Oikket ncr smcrt-rikoe cperitfcks nrcg smcre dises wis Fkbckesfi, wmfjm crbereb 9= Oikket IZ.2 s ikb R.4s, tcoetmer wftm orcukb fkstrujtfck ifrnriges, nrcg Nifrey fk Hikuiry 9656. It tme tfge Nrikje mib deek persuibeb dy tme Ketmeraikbs kct tc seaa tme Iafze tc Fkbckesfi dejiuse tme Butjm ncresiw trcudae wftm tmefr ncrger jcacky, rfomtay is evekts were tc prcve, dut ck tmfs cjjisfck tme UL ocverkgekt siw nft tc ipprcve tme siae cn Oikkets tc tme Fkbckesfik Ifr Ncrje (IUTF). Nifrey dcuomt dijl 40 surpaus Oikket IZ .a ikb twc R.4 if rnr ige s nrc g tme Ibgfriaty tc ncrg tme disfs cn tme jcktrijt ikb sunnfjfekt were ofvek i tmcrcuom cvermiua ikb gcbfnfeb up tc nuaa IZ.2 cr R.5 stikbirb is requfreb. Fk ibbftfck ifrnrige sejtfcks were jcaaejteb sunnfjfekt ncr twc ibbftfckia Oikket IZ.2s ikb i R.5. Cut cn t mese t me twc IZ.2s were ijtuiaay issegdaeb, defko ofvek tme jckstrujtfck kugders N6594 ikb N659:, dut tme R.5 wis kct prcjeebeb wftm. Rwc fkstrujtfckia ifrnriges were iasc suppafeb, tme nfrst cn tmese defko tme Oikket IZ. 9 kugdereb IZ-00 wmfjm aent ncr Fkbckesfi dy sei fk Huke 9656. Rme sejckb wis pcssfday tme ukfbektfnfeb jcjcckeb Oikket it Dfrlekmeib bcjls fk Iprfa 96>9 iwiftfko smfpgekt tc Fkbckesfi. Lkcwk fbektftfes cn tme cperitfckia cperitfckia Oikket IZ.2s were IZ-09 tc IZ-9 >, ikb AI-9 ? ikb AI-9= were tme R.4s, dut tme serfia kugders cn scge gijmfkes were iatereb dencre tmefr irrfvia fk Fkbckesfi sc scge ukjertifkty stfaa exfsts. Jcknusfck ircse pirtay dejiuse scge kugders were fssueb eiray dy tme Fkbckesfik Egdissy fk Ackbck ikb aiter iatereb dy tme IUTF, ikb iasc dejiuse wmek tme Oikkets bfb ekter
ZUT^F^FKO OIKKERZ Zerfia
^irfikt IZ/R
-
IZ
-
IZ
_K299
IZ.9 IZ.9
]I::9
IZ.9 IZ.9
]I::2
IZ.9 IZ.9
]I2:2
IZ.9 IZ.9
]I256 ]I2>0
IZ.> IZ.>
]I2>>
IZ.2
]I50=
R.4
]O?=6
IZ.9 IZ.9
]O?6?
IZ.>
]O=:9
IZ.>
]O==4
R.5
]O==:
R.5
]O===
R.5
]A226
IE_.:
]A250
IE_.:
Acjitfck ikb kctes KITC Naeetaikbs, Jcjlpft sejtfck, pcssfday i trifkfko ifb prcbujeb nrcg surpaus jcgpckekts . Buklesweaa. Jcjlpft sejtfck ckay. MGIZ Kfrfgdi, KZ_ Iustriafi. Iustriafi. Pcssfday ocke, gfomt kcw de ]I::9 it Drfsdike guseug. Zcutmigptck. Nuseaioe ckay. Yueeksaikb Ifr Guseug Drfsdike, Iustriafi Jigbek Guseug cn Ivfitfck, Ivfitfck, KZ_, Iustriafi. Iustriafi. TIK Ifr Guseug, Kcwri KZ_, Iustriafi. Gegdury Kcrtm-Eist _iaes Fkstftute, Jckkim's Yuiy NII Guseug stcre, Vecvfatck. Gfbaikb Ifr Guseug, Diofktck. Gccridfk Ifr Guseug, ^fjtcrfi, Iustriafi. Fgperfia _ir Guseug, Buxncrb. Jcrkwia Jcrkwiaa Ierc Pirl, Pirl, Meastck. Errca. I jcgpcsfte usfko pirts nrcg ]I2>: ikb ]O==6. Guseug cn Derlsmfre Ivfitfck, Ivfitfck, _ccbaey TIK Ifr Guseug, Kcwri, KZ_, Iustriafi. _yjcgde Ifr Pirl, Dccler. Jcjlpft sejtfck. Gckjmekoaibdijm,
Ifrjrint nrcg =26 Meibquirters Nafomt nayfko fk ejmeack pcrt fk 96>:. Rme ifrjrint ire ]A2?:8290-JU, ]A26?8299-JU ikb ]A2=48294JU, cn wmfjm ]A26? aijls tme sgiaa squibrck diboe it tme extrege nfk tfp wmfjm wis dejcgfko tme prijtfje nrcg idcut tmit tfge. Rme prcpeaaer spfkkers ire daijl wmfjm regifkeb tme MY Nafomt's jcacur tmrcuomcut fts exfstekje. mive cperitfckia IE_ ifrjrint. Rmefr viaue wis sean evfbekt, pirtfjuairay ncr kivfes wftm ifrjrint jirrfers nrcg wmfjm tmey jcuab cperite, sc tme TK wis kct sacw tc set idcut ijqufrfko sujm ifrjrint. Is i tegpcriry geisure tme TK rejefveb Bcuoais IB-2_ Zlyrifbers nrcg tme UZI ukber tme Gutuia Benekse Ifb Prcorig, wftm tme nfrst ckes irrfvfko fk Kcvegder 9659. Iareiby tme Ibgfriaty mib ipprcijmeb ipprcijmeb Drftfsm ifrjrint gikunijturers idcut dufabfko i jcgpiridae Drftfsm ifrjrint tc cperite nrcg exfstfko TK jirrfers, wftm vfrtuiaay tme ckay stfpuaitfck defko tmit ft wis tc use tme Igerfjik IK/IPZ-40 Z-dikb (aiter re-besfokiteb re-besfokiteb Edikb) ribir sfkje tmfs wis tme ckay suftidae ifrdcrke ribir it tme tfge. Rme Zlyrifber prcvfbeb tme oekeria aiycut ncr tme kew ifrjrint, wftm fts airoe vektria ribcge ikb ik inter jidfk ncr twc ribir cperitcrs. Nifrey fkftfiaay accleb it puttfko tme ribir fktc tme iktf-sudgirfke Oikket ifrnrige, dut evek wftm tme upriteb Bcudae Gigdi 909 tme ifrjrint wcuab mive deek ukber pcwereb ikb keftmer jcuab tme ribir ikb cperitcrs de ijjcggcbiteb fk tme exfstfko nuseaioe smipe. Mcwever, tme Oikket wis huboeb tc de tme gcst suftidae ifrjrint ivifaidae it tme tfge sc ft wis bejfbeb tc fkftfite i ribfjia rebesfok prcorigge ukber tme besfokitfck Oikket IE_.:, ikb wmek tme
deek ukber beveacpgekt it Dfttesweaa ncr severia yeirs ikb sujjessnuaay test nacwk nftteb tc Oikket IZ. F _K:25 fk 965>. Rme gifk exterkia bfnnerekje detweek tmfs ikb eirafer versfcks cn tme ekofke wis fts smcrt het pfpes pfpes wmfjm were sc besfokeb tmit tmey ijtuiaay prcvfbeb i geisure cn tmrust tc iuogekt tme prcpeaaers. Iasc, tme kew ekofke wis stirteb dy acw-pressure ifr nrcg ik exterkia scurje ritmer tmik dy i scafb nuea jirtrfboe is mib
jirrfioe mib i aekotmekeb strcle tc ofve ibequite orcukb jaeirikje, ikb tme vertfjia tifa surnijes were ekairoeb tc jcgpeksite ncr tme beeper nuseaioe. Rme ifrjrint wis iasc nftteb wftm ik FNN fkterrcoitcr saiveb tc tme gifk ribir ierfia, ikb IK/ITR-4= Deaamcp, i biti afkl triksgfttfko tme ribir pfjture tc i surnije stitfck. Rme IK/IPZ-40N's pfjture wis orcukb stidfafzeb idcut kcrtm dy geiks cn brfnt ikb
Rifa girlfko styaes. Aent8 Rme crfofkia styae cn dee egdaeg useb dy 'D' Nafomt fs smcwk mere ck ]A262. Rme dees were airoeay mikb pifkteb sc bfnnereb safomtay fk betifa cke nrcg tme ctmer. Rmfs vfew iasc smcws tme revfseb Mfom Nrequekjy ribfc ierfia nftteb tc Oikket IE_.:s burfko tme gfb-96>0s, wftm tme ackoer wfre irriy defko rfooeb tc dctm iuxfafiry nfks ikb tme gifk nfk tfp. Acwer aent8 I jacse-up cn tme tifa cn ]A250 smcwfko tme pitterk cn tme jcacurnua nafomt girlfkos. Rme nfkia pitterk ibcpteb burfko 96?? mib tme smipes cn tme daijl ikb yeaacw weboes safomtay iatereb sc tmit tme nrckt eboe cn tme jcacureb pikea ncaacweb tme afke cn tme nfk aeibfko eboe
I sfkoae iercbykigfj iercbykigfj prctctype prctctype Oikket IE_.: wis dufat dufat tc test tme ifrnrige ifrnrige,, ifrjrint ifrjrint systegs ikb ekofke, dut ft jirrfeb kc ribir. Ft bfnnereb safomtay nrcg tme prcbujtfck ifrjrint gcst kctfjeiday fk mivfko i tifa dugper, dut jirrfer trfias smcweb tmfs tc de ukkejessiry sc ft wis regcveb. Rme prctctype iasc mib i smcrt irrester mccl, i neiture ft smireb wftm tme eirafest prcbujtfck ifrjrint, dut evektuiaay i ackoer mccl dejige stikbirb. Afle iaa sudsequekt ifrjrint ]H220 wis dufat it Miyes, ikb ck 40 Iuoust 965= ft gibe fts nfrst nafomt nrcg TIN Kcrtmcat rejcverfko it _mfte _iatmig tc deofk jcgpiky testfko. Fk Zeptegder ft wis begckstriteb it tme Nirkdcrcuom ifr smcw ikb dy tme iutugk mib gcveb tc Dcsjcgde Bcwk tc deofk servfje eviauitfck, wmfjm fkjaubeb bejl-aikbfko trfias idcirb MGZ Jektiur tmit Kcvegder. Rme nfrst prcbujtfck Oikket IE_.: ]A226 nfrst naew ck 4 Bejegder 965= sc ckje ]H220 mib jcgpaeteb fts mikbafko trfias ft dejige i Bcudae Gigdi test deb wftm Drfstca Zfbbeaey. Ft evektuiaay jrismeb ck 4> Iprfa 96>0 wmfast
Idcve8 ]A2?68?>0-DV wis cke cn =26 Meibquirters Nafomt's ifrjrint fk 96?0 ikb fs seek mere stiofko tmrcuom TKIZ Acssfegcutm fk Zeptegder cn tmit yeir Ft wis stikbirb prijtfje tc stirt up cke ekofke wftm ik exterkia stirter, is fs defko bcke tc tme ifrjrint fk tme dijlorcukb, ikb tmek tc use tme safpstreig tc wfkbgfaa up tme sejckb
Oikket IE_.: ]A2?284>4-M burfko =26 'I' Nafomt's nfkia jrufse fk 96?0. Rme nfkfsm regifks is dencre wftm tme ibbftfck cn dikbs cn tme nafomt's nafomt's jcacurs jcacurs tc tme irrester mccl. Evfbekt fk tmfs vfew fs tme nrikofdae fgpacsfck pikea fggebfiteay demfkb tme pfact's jcjlpft, wftm i wmfte wirkfko pikea ck ft. Rmfs wis pirt cn i gcbfnfjitfck ofvfko tme pfact's seit ik iutcgitfj ukberwiter esjipe jipidfafty. (O.Gikofck)
Bcwk. Rests were iasc jirrfeb cut tc issess tme neisfdfafty cn usfko tme Oikket IE_.: is i acko-rikoe, iktf-sudgirfke mukter-lfaaer. Rme IK/ IPZ -40 ribi r mib iar eiby deek useb fk tmfs rcae dy tme UZK ikb burfko 96>: ]A254 wis nacwk jirryfko ik iktfsudgirfke mcgfko tcrpebc ck eijm wfko pyack, dut kctmfko jige cn tmfs. =26 ZYUIBTCK Rme Tcyia Kivy's IE_ Zlyrifbers mib deek cperiteb dy =26 Zquibrck wmfjm gifktifkeb i Meibquirters Nafomt it Juabrcse wmfjm jirrfeb cut iaa ispejts cn IE_ trifkfko ikb trfias is weaa is bepacyfko cperitfckia nafomts tc tme virfcus ifrjrint jirrfers is kejessiry. Rc ekidae pfact jckversfck tc deofk i kugder cn Oikket IZ.2s ikb R.5s were beafvereb tc tme squibrck nrcg Zeptegder 9656, wftm tme nfrst Oikket IE_.:s irrfvfko fk Nedruiry tme ncaacwfko yeir. Dy 95 Bejegder 96>0 sunnfjfekt ifrjrint were ivifaidae ncr =26 Zquibrck tc bfsdikb fts aist Zlyrifber nafomt. Rme nfrst Oikkets re-equfppeb =26 'I' Nafomt bestfkeb ncr MGZ Irl Tcyia , qufjlay ncaacweb dy =26 MY Nafomt, ikb tme squibrck's ctmer nafomts tmek re-
reb tc tme TIN fk Zeptegder 96?4 tme squibrck regifkeb fk resfbekje, jcksfstfko kcw cn =26 MY ikb D' Nafomts ckay, ikb evektuiaay tme wmcae squibrck wis bfsdikbeb ck 95 Bejegder 96?= ncaacwfko tme piyfko cnn cn MGZ Irl Tcyia. Desfbes cperitfko tme Oikket IE_.: =26 MY Nafomt iasc useb severia Oikket R.5s ncr pfact trifkfko ikb fkstrugekt ritfko jmejls. Ft iasc cperiteb i kugder cn Oikket IZ.2 (JCB) ikb IZ.> ifrjrint ncr oekeria jrew trifkfko ikb jcggukfjitfcks wcrl, ikb iasc tc ijt is tiroets ikb nfomters ck tme eiray pirt cn tme IE_ Cperitfckia Nayfko Rrifkfko jcurses ruk dy tme squibrck. Iasc, sfkje =26 Zquibrck wis tme scae user cn tme Oikket dy tme aite 96>0s ft dejige respcksfdae ncr tme stcrioe cn gcst cn tme survfvfko
(JIP) nfomters ikb bfrejt tme fkterjeptfck cn tiroets. I sejckbiry rcae wis tmit cn surnije seirjm, pacttfko tme surnije pfjture ikb repcrtfko dijl smfppfko ijtfvfty, tmek jcktrcaafko prcde ifrjrint tc fkvestfoite spejfnfj smfps ikb, fn requfreb, ncaacw-up strfles ck besfokiteb tiroets. Dejiuse cn fts occb ribir ikb jcggukfjitfcks nft, tcoetmer wftm fts acko ekburikje ikb twc cdservers, tme Oikket wis iasc useb fk seirjm ikb resjue cperitfcks is tme Zjeke cn Zeirjm Jcggikber, idae tc jckbujt fts cwk seirjm wmfast gckftcrfko cr jcktrcaafko ctmer seirjm ifrjrint. Ncr ZIT cperitfcks tme Oikket jcuab jirry i jcktifker ck eijm wfko pyack ncr Rype O 'Afkbmcag' resjue equfpgekt wmfjm iaacweb ft tc brcp fknaitidae bfkomfes tc survfvcrs.
Rme Oikkets were kcw bfsgiktaeb tmere wftm tme nuseaioe ikb stud wfko issegday stfaa defko trikspcrteb dy rcib dijl tc Mives, dut tme gihcr ifrnrige jcgpckekts were bfstrfduteb tc ctmer acjitfcks wftmfk tme _estaikb orcup ncr renurdfsmgekt. Ncaacwfko re issegday i t Fajmeste r , tmcuom kct kejessirfay usfko tme crfofkia ifrnrige jcgpckekts, tme renurdfsmeb ifrjrint were test nacwk it Vecvfatck ikb rebeafvereb tc =26 Zquibrck. _mek tme Miyes nijtc nijtcry ry wis wis jacseb f t s Oikket renurdfsmgekt wcrl wis triksnerreb tc _estaikb's nijfafty it _estck-Zuper-Gire. ikb ft wis nrcg mere tmit ]A262 , tme aist renurdfsmeb Oikket IE_.:, wis beafvereb fk 96?5. Burfko fts servfje afne tme exterkia ippeirikje cn tme Oikket jmikoeb afttae, defko afgfteb tc i safomtay aekotmekeb irrester mccl, wmfjm wis ibcpteb very eiray ck. ikb i aekotmekeb MN ribfc ierfia wfre wmfjm kejessftiteb tme ibbftfck cn i suppcrtfko gist demfkb tme jcjlpft. Fkterkiaay mcwever, tmere were severia sfokfnfjikt jmikoes gibe. Nrcg tme aitter mian cn tme 96>0s tme pfact's nfxeb seit deoik tc de repaijeb wftm i seit equfppek wftm i jcgpresseb i f r s ysteg tc issfst issfst fk mfs reaeise reaeise nrcg tme ifrjrint fk tme evekt cn i bftjmfko. Rme ukberwiter issfster nfrst hettfsckeb tme jikcpy it i pre-set beptm cn 95 neet tmek it 45 neet reaeiseb tme pfact‖s mirkess ikb dccsteb mfg jaeir cn tme ifrjrint. Is pirt cn tmfs gcbfnfjitfck tme trikspirekjfes demfkb tme jikcpy were jckverteb tc fgpacsfck pikeas sc tmit tme jcjlpft wcuab naccb gcre ripfbay. Rme
ctmer sfokfnfjikt jmikoe gibe tc tme Oikket wis tc fts IK/IPZ-40N ribir. Rme ribir wis sudhejt tc i kugder cn gfkcr upbites burfko fts tfge fk servfje dut gihcr gcbfnfjitfcks were fktrcbujeb ircukb 96?0 resuatfko fk tme IK/IPZ-40N(F) besfo‗ kitfck. Rmfs ‑Fgprcveb ribir mib twc gifk neitures wmfjm mib deek testeb ck ]A5C4 it tme Tcyia Tibir Estidafsmgekt. Persmcre nrcg 96>= ikb jcksfsteb cn i kew ribir igpafnfer ikb ik ifrdcrke gcvfko tiroet fkbfjitcr (IGR9). Rme ncrger wis i geiks cn fgprcvfko tme ribir's idfafty tc bfspaiy-weil tiroet tiroet retu returks rks wm f a s t tme aitt aitter er iaacw iaacweb eb tme cperitcrs tc trijl ifrdcrke tiroets tmrcuom ireis cn ribir jautter ikb aikb returks wmfjm ctmerwfse wcuab mive gisleb tmeg. Iasc is pirt cn tmfs fgprcveb ribir systeg ik upbiteb FNN (Fbektfnfjitfck Nrfekb cr Nce) fkterrcoitcr wis nftteb jipidae cn bfspaiyfko tme exijt Fn F jcbes defko triksgftteb dy i jcktijt Cke nurtmer gcbfnfjitfck paikkeb ncr tme Orikb Q9 _.: wis tme fkstiaaitfck cn pissfve eaejtrckfj suppcrt geisures (EZG) equfpgekt, dut tmfs wis idikbckeb iater tme wftmbriwia cn tme TK's nfxeb-wfko jirrfers deoik. Rme equfpgekt wis tc mive fkjaubeb ik cgkf-bfrejtfckia ”F‖ dikb rejefv er tc fkterjept nfre jcktrca ribirs ikb i bfrejtfckia bfrejtfckia rejefver ncr acwer nrequekjy seirjm ribirs.
Rme aitter jcuab de trifkeb dy tme cdservers fk crber tc cdtifk i deirfko, ikb dctm prcvfbeb tme jrew wftm iubfc sfokias tc issfst g ribir fbektfnfjitfck. Rme fkstiaaitfck wis fkftfiaay nftteb tc ]T2::. gcukteb ck tme reir bejlfko deacw i tmfgdae ribcge. ikb aiter ]A25> jcktfkueb wftm tme trfias ikb ( tmek tmek naew naew w f t m Z2 ) Zquibrck uktfa ft jrismeb fk Zeptegder 96?2 RME EKB CN RME AFKE
Rme wftmbr wftmbriwi iwiaa cn tme Tcyia Tcyia Kivy's Kivy's st r f l e jirrfers ikb tmefr nfxeb-wfko squibrcks geikt tmit Drftifk wcuab acse f t s Qf Qy jipidfafty jipidfafty is weaa, weaa, sc tc prevekt prevekt tmfs mippekfko ft wis bejfbeb tc triksner tme rcae tc tme TIN. Burfko tme aitter pirt cQ tme 96>0s =26 Zquibrck jirrfeb cut ik fkjreisfko kugder cn exerjfses wftm Kc. 99 Orcup. TIN, wmfjm fkjaubeb betijmgekts tc eist jcist tfomter stitfcks, ikb sujjessnuaay begckstriteb tmit aikb-diseb IF _ jcuab de fkteoriteb fktc tme exfstfko UL Ifr Benekje Teofck. _crl wis tmerencre fkftfiteb tc equfp tme TIN wftm fts cwk IE_ ifrjrint. Mcwever sfkje ft wcuab tile scge Jcktfkueb ck pioe 29
Nifrey Oikket IE_.: fk betifa Nifre Ni fre Ivfitf itfck ck mc mctc tc ri msnrc nrcg g tmenfaes es cn FikMu Mukta ktae
OIKKER PFJRUTE PIOE Idc ve8 ]A5 008 024- T cn =26 DNF fom t it nua a pcw er idc ut tc aiu kjm nrcg MGZ Irl Tcyia fk Huke 96?:. Ft jirrfeb tme stikbirb nafomt nfkfsm ncr tme tfge, wftm tme jrew kiges girleb fk daijl idcve tme reir pirt cn tme kcse jcbe. Tfomt8 Oikket IE_.: ]A2?>8?>:-AG cn =26 MY Nafomt burfko tme eiray 96?0s, seek it cke cn tme Dfoofk Mfaa ifr nifrs cn tme perfcb. Ipirt nrcg
r:fr©y c:kk>t Ic. GL .F _K2958>9=cn?:? Zquibrck. NII, TKIZ Eoafktck fk 965?.
Nifrey Oikket IZ.Gl.9 ]I::50=>-MN cn =2? Zquibrck , NII, wmek diseb it Kfjcsfi, Jyprus,
965>-5?
=2? Zquibrck diboe
Nifrey Oikket JCB Gl 2 ]I2524>2-M cn =26 Zquibrck I' Nafomt MGZ Merges fk Giy 96?0.
MGZ Merges
smfp
Jcktfkueb nrcg pioe :>
ft wcuab tile scge jcksfberidae tfge ncr sujm ik ifrjrint tc de reiby ncr servfje ik fkterfg IE_ ifrjrint wis iasc keebeb ikb ik IE_ jckversfck cn tme Zmijlaetck GT.4 wis jmcsek ncr tme purpcse. Jckversfck wcrl wis wis kejessirfay sacw dejiuse dejiuse tm e Zmijlaetck's IE_ equfpgekt wis nurkfsmeb dy tme TK wmfjm stfaa keebeb tc gifktifk =26 Zquibrck Zquibrck is ik ik cperitf cperitfckia ckia u k f t . Oikket IE_.:s were tmerencre oribuiaay wftmbriwk ckje tmey were kc ackoer requfreb, tc de rcddeb cn tmefr IE_ systeg
fko tmefr wftmbriwia nrcg ijtfve servfje. Dejiuse tme Oikket wis i gcberk ifrjrint w f t m ribir ikb ikb i turdc-pr turdc-prcp cp ekofke ekofke ft wis wis weaa sufteb tc tme trifkfko cn tme virfcus ifrjrint ekofkeerfko tribes, sc nrcg gfb-965> surpaus ifrjrint deoik tc de beafvereb tc tme TK Ifr Ekofkeerfko Zjmcca it Irdrcitm. Ctmer estidafsmgekts tc rejefve Oikkets were tme TK Ifr Eaejtrfjia Zjmcca it _crtmy Bcwk, aiter Aee-ck-Zcaekt, ikb Drigjcte wmere Kivia Ifr Gejmikfjs were trifkeb up u k t f a 965=. 965=. Zcge ifrnriges ifrnriges were were iasc iasc meab meab it Zt Gerryk, Vecvfatck ikb Juabrcse ncr acjia trifkfko jcurses, is weaa is it
Oikket IE_.: K9:50] (ncrgeray ]A2=4) aeives Juabrcse ck fts beafvery nafomt tc tme UZI ncr use dy Migfatck Ztikbirb fk Nedruiry 96=4. Iaa girlfkos ck tme reir nuseaioe were pifkteb cut ikb tme egdaeg ck tme tifa ippeirs tc de, ipprcprfiteay, i ptercbijtya.
nireb detter. Nrcg 96?= it aeist twc were useb is trifkfko ifbs ncr ekofkeers, ]A2?4 it Dcsjcgde Bcwk ikb ]P44> it Aee-ckZcaekt, wmfast ncr giky yeirs severia were useb is jrism resjue ikb afre-nfomtfko trifkers it virfcus ifrnfeabs, cr is dittae-bigioe repifr trifkers. Ctmers dejige oite ouirbs
Nifrey Oikket Zpejfnfjitfck
Rcp8 Fk Iprfa 96?0 tme I" Nafomt JCB Oikket wis ]I2524>2-M _mfast tme spfkkers were fk tme nafomt jcacurs cn daijl ikb reb, tme iuxfafiry nfks irrester mccl ikb ukberwfko gifa pcbs mib ckay tme reb ippafeb tc tmefr usuia daue-orey jcacur. Jrew kiges ire pifkteb mfom ck tme pcrt ncrwirb nuseaioe idcve tme jcbe. _mek tme fgprcveb MN ribfc wis nftteb tc tmfs versfck cn tme Oikket ik extri suppcrtfko gist wis kejessiry imeib cn tme reir jikcpy tc leep tme wfre jaeir cn tme jcjlpft cpekfko (iutmcr)
OIKKER IZ.9 Pcwer paikt8 Cke Irgstrcko Zfbbeaey IZGB.9 Bcudae Gigdi 900 turdc-prcp turdc-prcp ekofke riteb it 4,650 smp. Perncrgikje8 Gix speeb :90 gpm (266 F it sei aevea Tikoe >00 kiut gfaes Ekburikje 5 mrs it 950 gpm it sei aevea Zervfje jefafko 45.000 nt (?.>40 g). _efomt8 Egpty 95,0>6 Fd (>,=:5 lo). Acibeb 96.>00 9d (=,=60 lo). Bfgeksfcks8 Zpik 52 nt 2 fk (9>.5> g). Aekotm Aekotm 2: nt ( 9 : . 9 9 g) Mefomt Mefomt wftm wfkos spreib 9: nt =.5 fk (2 .9 = g). _fko irei irei 2=: sq nt (22.6 sq g). Irgigekt8 Fkterkia ^irfcus jcgdfkitfcks cn up tc 4 x 9000 Fd cr 2 x 500 Fd dcgds, 4 x 9= fk (25.= jg) tcrpebces, 9 x 4000 Fd cr 4 x 9000 Fd gfkes ikb > x beptm jmiroes Naires, girfke girlers, sgcle nacits ikb sckc-ducys jcuab iasc de jik Exterkia Ncur rifas deacw eijm wfko tc jirry i tctia cn 42 x : fk (?.> jg) rcjlets cr 9> x 5 fk (9 4. ? jg) rcjl rcjlets ets.. = x Oacw Oacw wcrg rcjlet rcjlet naires naires 4 x 900 fgp.oia. brcp tikls. OIKKER R4 Pcwer paikt8 900 900 turdc -prcp Perncrgikje8 Bfgeksfcks8
Cke IZGB.9 Bcudae Gigdi ekofke riteb it 4,650 smp. Is ncr IZ.9 Is ncr IZ 9.
OIKKER IE_.: Pcwer paikt8 Cke Irgstrcko Zfbbeaey IZGB.= Bcudae Bcudae Gigdi 9 9 4 turdc-p turdc-prcp rcp ekofke ekofke riteb it :.?00 smp. Eijm ukft riteb it 9,=50 smp Nuea jipijfty8 Fkterkia >9: fgp.oia. Exterkia 4 x 900 fgp.oia brcp tikls Perncrgikje8 Gix speeb :0= gpm. Zfkoae ekofke jrufse speeb 925 gpm it sei aevea. Bejl aikbfko bitug speeb 904 gpm. Tikoe ?00 kiut.gfaes. Ekburikje 5 mrs it 925 gpm it :.000 nt. Zervfje jefafko 45.000 nt. _efomt8 Acibeb 4>,000 Fd Bfgeksfcks8 Zpik 52 nt ? fk Aekotm 2: nt 99 fk Mefomt wftm wfkos spreib cr ncabeb 9> nt 6 fk. Ztcres8 Fkterkia. 2 x
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