Vivienda y Cultura

 

RJRJCOGE Z NSIWS]E JOW]FGSNNJÞO Co cstc coseyf scrå pfsjmic pcrneterofs gc nfoncptfs y espcntfs jobiuycotcs co ie nrcenjþo y bfrde gc ie vjvjcoge, gfogc if sfnjei, cnfoþdjnf, rcij`jfsf, bäsjnf tfdeo rcei jdpfrteonje y cbcntf. Ie vjvjcoge vcroånuie bfrde pertc gc uoe uojgeg co nfokuotf nfo ifs pejsekcs e`ränfies y ifs escotedjcotfs co su dcgjf, ye quc cstfs pejsekcs sfo sjstcdes gc nfobj`urenjfocs rcienjfoegfs nfo ifs dfgfs gc vjvjr y prfgunjr, ei djsdf tjcdpf quc pfscco sj`ojbjnegf. Ie su`crconje gc quc ifs bentfrcs sfnjeics y nuitureics tjcoco des jobiuconje co ie nrcenjþo gc ie bfrde gc ie nese quc ies bucrzes bäsjnes cs uoe rezþo jdpfrteotc pere vfivcr e ie nfostrunnjþo prjdjtjve y vcroånuie y ger uo vjstezf e sus bfrdes. Ie nuiture sc piesde dcgjeotc espcntfs nuitureics ye quc ies pcrsfoes ifs nfostruyco y deockeo, y tfdeo gcnjsjfocs meseges co if quc vco, esä nfdf co if quc nfofnco y sjcotco. sfo ci rcsuitegf gc ie ennjþo ludeoe, pfr if teotf tfdeo sj`ojbjnegf. Qfgcdfs gctcrdjoer bentfrcs quc ebcnteo e ie bfrde gc ie cgjbjnenjþo8 ies ocncsjgegcs måsjnes, ie bedjije, sjtuenjþo gc ies dukcrcs, prjvenjgeg y ie nfduojnenjþo sfnjei.

FMKCWJRF Qrjonjpeidcotc sc musne jgcotjbjner ifs veifrcs buonjfoeics y nuitueics quc leo pcrdjtjgf ci gcserrfiif gc ie vjvjcoge vcroånuie, esä nfdf nfofncr nuåics sfo ifs cicdcotfs gci cspenjf lemjtemic quc buonjfoeo egcnuegedcotc gcotrf gci dcgjf sfnjei, nuiturei y bäsjnf. ^jstcdetjzer ifs sj`ojbjnegfs quc egdjtc ci nfoncptf gc vjvjcoge e bjo gc gctcrdjoer su csconje y ies nfooftenjfocs quc egqujcrc nfdf cxprcsjþo gci lemjter gci scr ludeof, co ci ådmjtf sfnjei. Gcserrfiier uoe vjsjþo nfoncptuei sfmrc ifs espcntfs dås rcicveotcs gci nfoncptf gc vjvjcoge co rcienjþo nfo ci låmjtet, if sfnjei y tfgf if quc cstc jdpijne. 

RJRJCOGE Z NSIWS]E Co nueotf e ie bfrde gc ie vjvjcoge, co ci espcntf sfnjei ies dås nfdûodcotc utjijzeges sfo ies gc gcbcose y ies gc ie cnfofdäe, ies dås detcrjeics. Ifs dftjvfs gc gcbcose leo scrvjgf pere cxpijner ifs dfgcifs urmeofs nfdpentfs eotcs quc ie bfrde gc ies vjvjcoges, pcrf of mrjogeo uoe cxpijnenjþo tfteidcotc egcnuege. Qere nrcer nueiqujcr tjpf gc iu`er, tjcoc quc scr ncrnegf ci cspenjf. Ie gjspfojmjijgeg y cicnnjþo gc detcrjeics y gc tênojnes gc nfostrunnjþo co gctcrdjoege sjtuenjþo sjtuenjþo jobiujråo co ie bfrde gci cgjbjnjf. cgjbjnjf. Qfr ftrf iegf ie vjvjcoge nfduoei tjcoc uo cobfquc e ie supcrvjvconje, pfsjnjfoege co ie njde gc uo dfotc. Ley gc ftrf tjpf nfdf if sfo, ies quc sc gjspfoco sfmrc pjiftcs, nfo nierf nfdpfocotc gc gcbcose, quc eicke eojdeics,  pcrsfoes y sc enncgc dcgjeotc pu pucotcs, cotcs, mftcs, csneicres, ctn. Co ci espcntf cnfoþdjnf cs rceidcotc rcicveotc pere cotcogcr ie bfrde gc uoe cgjbjnenjþo. Nuogf cste cs csnese, ie ocncsjgeg gc sfmrcvjvjr cs deyfr, pfr if quc ci nfotcxtf cs rurei pere gcserrfiier entjvjgegcs e`ränfies. Co uo ådmjtf rcij`jfsf, uoe nese sc vc gc bfrde sjdmþijne y nfo sj`ojbjnegf. Nfdf ckcdpif pfgcdfs lemier gc ifs nljofs eotj`ufs gfogc ie nese egcdås gc scr ci tcdpif pere ie rcij`jþo gjerje, tfgfs sus cicdcotfs co ciie creo nfosjgcregfs nfdf se`regfs. Elfre mjco cs ocncserjf ie jotcrvconjþo gci gctcrdjojsdf bäsjnf gcmjgf ei suncsf gc neuse-nfoscnuconje quc cstc `cocre. ^jo^c cdmer`f of ebcntere co ie bfrde, e pcser gc prjdjtjves ie ifneijzenjþo, detcrjeics f ciscnijde, of gctcrdjoe ci låmjtet. vc rcbickegf nieredcotc co ies vjvjcoges ye quc ci lfdmrc mesemebjoeidcotc dås e if sjdmþijnf, co tfgf if ncrcdfojei y rjtfs y of ocncserjedcotc ei nfotcxtf bäsjnf f if buonjfoei.

 

Ifs bentfrcs sfnjfnuitureics sfo ifs prjonjpeics quc jotcrvjcoco co ie nfostrunnjþo gc ie vjvjcoge, ye quc cs jolcrcotc ie jogjvjgueijgeg gc nege scr, ifs jgceics y nfstudmrcs quc sc veo bfrdeogf e if ier`f gc oucstres vjges. Cs pfr if quc ie vjvjcoge cs uoe nrcenjþo gc ofsftrfs y pere ofsftrfs, quc nfobfrde pertc gc ie jgcotjgeg. Qucgc scr quc ci espcntf nuiturei sce nfosjgcregf nfdf uo ijdjteotc, ye quc, euo y nueogf ies pfsjmjijgegcs bäsjnes gci dcgjf sceo oudcrfses, ifs jgceics y prcbcrconjes nfdf tei sfo ies quc gctcrdjoereo ci gjscõf gc cspenjfs y tfgf if rcienjfoegf e ie vjvjcoge. Cs ci nfdpertjr uoe vjsjþo gci duogf y ftrfs sjstcdes gc veifrcs c jdå`cocs if quc pfsjmjijte ci prfncsf gc ie nfostrunnjþo vcroånuie. Qfgcdfs pcrnjmjr e ie nese nfdf uo d dcneojsdf cneojsdf bäsjnf quc rcbicke ie vjsjþo gc uoe sfnjcgeg. sfnjcgeg. Ci edmjcotc jgcei tjcoc uo nfdjcozf of bäsjnf y sc ic ge uoe bfrde e trevês gc ifs cgjbjnjfs. So rcbcrcotc co ci quc  pfgcdfs eoeijzer ie jde`co jde`co nþsdjne cs co Åbrjne, tjcoco `reo jonijoenjþo jonijoenjþo e if sjdmþijnf, sjdmþijnf, pucs equä gcsgc ie djsde nese leste tcrrcofs y `reokes gcofteo uo frgco nþsdjnf, esä nfdf tedmjêo ifs pucmifs co su treze cståo frjcotegfs gc tei bfrde quc nfoiicveo n foiicveo uo sj`ojbjnegf. Ie frjcotenjþo rjtuei gc ie nese cs uoe buonjþo gc ies entjtugcs rcij`jfses y nuitureics eotcs quc bentfrcs detcrjeics. Co gfogc tedmjêo sc vc ebcntegf ie gjstrjmunjþo gc ies lemjtenjfocs jotcrjfrcs y ie nfifnenjþo gci dfmjijerjf. Co ies nuitures prjdjtjves ie nese cre uo djnrfnfsdfs. Ci rcbcrcotc ncrcdfojei su jdpfrteonje sc rcienjfoe nfo su buonjþo gc ckcdpijbjner ie sfierjgeg gc ie nfduojgeg, egcdås quc prcscote uo dfgcif jgcei gci dcneojsdf sfnjei. Gcotrf gc ie vjvjcoge, ies entjtugcs sjdmþijnes cxpijneo ci prcgfdjojf gc ie gjstrjmunjþo gjstrjmunjþo sjdmþijne sjdmþijne gci cspenjf co ie djsde nese. Co tfrof e ie cstrunture bedjijer cs verjeotc gcpcogjcogf gci peäs y sus nuitures, pfr dconjfoer ei`uof, co Åbrjne ci lfdmrc of tjcoc uoe nese, sj of quc, vjsjte e sus dukcrcs co nege uoe gc sus neses. Co Jogje sc pucgc vcr ie jobiuconje gci percotcsnf y gc ie neste nfdf prjonjpeics jobiuconjes sfnjeics y, nfdf rcsuitegf, ci pucmif tjcoc uoe csnese uojgeg sfnjei. Ie gjspfsjnjþo jogjne ie jdpfrteonje gc ies kustjbjnenjfocs rcij`jfses y uo gcsprcnjf pfr ci tremekf deouei. Ies nfennjfocs ofrdeics sfo ies jdpucstes pfr ie gcosjgeg y ies njbres gc pfmienjþo y pfr ie jostjtunjfoeijzenjþ jostjtunjfoeijzenjþoo gc nfotrfics dcgjeotc nþgj`fs, rc`iedcotenjfocs, zfojbjnenjfocs, cxj`conjes gc ifs meonfs, ie ijmcrteg ei dfdcotf gc gjscõer sc ijdjte. Ei scr meke ie sjtuenjþo nrjtjne gc ifs cicdcotfs bäsjnfs pucgco fpcrer ifs bentfrcs sfnjfnuitureics. Nfobfrde eudcote ie sjtuenjþo nrjtjne e if ier`f gc ies gjbcrcotcs csneies pcrsjstc ci `regf gc ijmcrteg y sc cxprcse  mekf nueiqujcr nfogjnjþo nfo ie deyfr edpijtug ppfsjmic. fsjmic. Ci lfdmrc pucgc nfostrujr pere nfotrfier ci edmjcotc, pcrf if quc nfotrfie cs teotf ci edmjcotc jotcrjfr, sfnjei y rcij`jfsf nfdf ci bäsjnf, quc vcogräe sjcogf ci edmjcotc jgcei. So nfoncptf quc cotre co gjsnusjþo cs ci gc ocncsjgegcs måsjnes, ye quc jdpijneo kujnjfs gc veifr y uoe cicnnjþo euo co ie gcbjojnjþo gc ie utjijgeg. Soe nuiture pucgc encotuer ie utjijgeg nfdf nfdpfocotc prjonjpei gc su vjsjþo gci duogf, gci djsdf dfgf quc ftres encotûeo ie rcij`jþo. Qertjcogf gc cstc nfoncptf cotfoncs cotcogcdfs quc ie bfrde gc uoe vjvjcoge gcpcogc gc nþdf gcbjoc uo `rupf ie prftcnnjþo, ie vjvjcoge y ie ocncsjgeg. If nerentcrästjnf gc uoe nuiture cs ie sfiunjþo cspcnjbjne e njcrtes ocncsjgegcs quc tjcogco scr duy `cocreics, pfr espcntfs gc ie bjifsfbäe gc vjge, ie nfduojnenjþo y espcntfs nijdåtjnfs. Ifs cspenjfs gc nfovjvconje sfnjei pucgc scr tedmjêo nfosjgcregf nfdf uoe ocncsjgeg måsjne. Ie benjijgeg b enjijgeg nfo quc ie `cotc pucgc frjcotersc co ie njugeg cs jdpfrteotc pere bfdcoter su sfnjemjijgeg. Nfdf ie prjvenjgeg cs ebcntege pfr ie sjtuenjþo gc ies dukcrcs, pfgcdfs cspcrer uoes verjenjfocs co ie gcbjojnjþo gc ie prjvenjgeg, co nþdf sc if`re y co nuåics sfo ies nfosjgcrenjfocs jdpfrteotcs. Wcocdfs ci ckcdpif gc ifs Ze`ue gci Edezfoes quc vjvco co uoe `reo nese emjcrte y fmtjcoco ie prjvenjgeg dcgjeotc uo nfovconjfoeijsdf sfnjei quc  pcrdjtc quc ei`ujco sc euscotc e uscotc y sc vucive jovjsjmic, eickåogfsc gci ncotrf gc ie nese. ^j mjco ifs cspenjfs emjcrtfs  prfpfrnjfoeo uoe scperenjþo gc gf gfdjojfs djojfs y scp scpere ere ie vjvjcoge y ssuu vjg vjgee gc ies neiics y if ifss vcn vcnjofs. jofs. Ley uoe ttreosjnjþo reosjnjþo gci rujgfsf pumijnf epenjmic gfdjojf prjvegf, y gci cxtcrjfr rcietjvedcotc sjdpic y rcprjdjgf gc ie rjqucze y iukfgfdjojf quc pucge cxjstjreico ci jotcrjfr.

 

^c`ûo ie nfoncpnjþo gc ie scperenjþo gc gfdjojfs y gc ie nfduojnenjþo sfnjei su`jcrc quc of sc pucgc vcr ie vjvjcoge ejsiege gc su escotedjcotf, sjof quc le gc scr nfosjgcrege nfdf uoe pertc gc tfgf ci sjstcde sfnjei y cspenjei quc rcienjfoe ie nese, ci dfgf gc vjge, ci escotedjcotf y leste ci pejsekc. Ci lfdmrc vjvc co ci escotedjcotf, gci quc ie vjvjcoge cs sfiedcotc uoe pertc, y ci dfgf gc utjijzerif ebcnte e ie bfrde gc êste. Ie niesjbjnenjþo nfdûo co escotedjcotfs gjspcrsfs y nfonrctegfs ebcntere sjo guge e ie bfrde gc ie vjvjcoge, pfr quc ies entjvjgegcs quc tjcoco iu`er co ie vjvjcoge co ci nesf gjspcrsf pfgräeo fnurrjr gcotrf gci escotedjcotf co ci nesf nfoncotregf. ^c le pcosegf quc ci escotedjcotf nfdpictf le sjgf nfosjgcregf nfdf ci dernf gc ie vjge y ie vjvjcoge nfdf uoe pertc des prjvege. Gcsgc ftre pcrspcntjve, ie vjvjcoge sjcdprc le sjgf nfosjgcrege csconjeidcotc nfdf ci dernf tftei gc ie vjge y ci escotedjcotf nfdf uo cspenjf scnuogerjf. Co nueotf e verjemics nijdåtjnes sc gcmco nfosjgcrer8 ie tcdpcreture, ludcgeg, vjcotf, iiuvje, regjenjþo y iuz. Z co nege uoe gc cstes tfder dcgjges y epijner nfoncptfs cstruntureics y gc gjscõf ocncserjfs ei dfdcotf gc nfostrujr, ye quc nege uof gc cstfs sfo bentfrcs quc jobiujråo co ci nfobfrt sc ifs cspenjfs. Ley quc scr nfosnjcotcs quc co ie entueijgeg cs nege vcz dcofs nfdûo ci gcserrfiif gc cstes vjvjcoges vcroånuies,  pfr ci scotjgf gc prf`rcsf y dfgcrojgeg, cstf le lcnlf tedmjêo quc sc pjcrge ci scotjgf sjdmþijnf y cspjrjtuei quc sc tfdeme. Cs nierf quc ie pcrncpnjþo gc vjvjcoge le nedmjegf y quc if cstêtjnf y if buonjfoei leo tfdegf uo emsfiutf `regf gc jdpfrteonje. Cotfoncs ofs qucgedfs nfo ie joqujctug gc sj lfy co gäe pucgc sc`ujr epijnåogfsc ci csqucde gc erqujtcnture vcroånuie

NFONIS^JÞO Ie bfrde gc ie nese egcdås gc scr ci rcsuitegf gc ies bucrzes bäsjnes, cs ci rcsuitegf gc uoe scrjc gc bentfrcs sfnjfnuitureics nfosjgcregfs co ifs têrdjofs dås edpijfs. Ouone cs jocvjtemic pfrquc ci lfdmrc pucgc vjvjr co dunlfs tjpfs gc cstruntures. ^emcdfs quc ie gcbcose jotcrvjcoc co ie bfrde `cocrei gc uoe vjvjcoge, esä nfdf ci usf gc ncrnes y veiies. Cotfoncs gcgunjdfs quc ie rcij`jþo ebcnte e ie bfrde, e ie gjstrjmunjþo co pieote y co ci cspenjf, esä nfdf e ie frjcotenjþo gc ie nese, quc jobiuyc co ie cxjstconje gc neses rcnteo`uiercs y njrnuiercs. Co ci nfotcxtf sfnjfnuiturei, sc jgcotjbjneo ies entjvjgegcs nftjgjeoes gc ie bedjije y ci usf gc ifs cspenjfs8 co if erqujtcntþojnf, ies nerentcrästjnes cspenjeics y ie fr`eojzenjþo gci cspenjf quc pcrdjtco rcienjfoer ie jobiuconje gc cstes entjvjgegcs co ie fr`eojzenjþo cspenjei gc ie vjvjcoge. Ci nfofnjdjcotf y rcnfofnjdjcotf gc cstfs cicdcotfs sfnjfnuitureics pucgco scr uoe mesc quc `uäc ifs tremekfs co ies ctepes gc cveiuenjþo y nfostrunnjþo gc ie vjvjcoge vcroånuie. Gcotrf gc ifs bentfrcs cnfoþdjnfs quc nfotjcoco ies nfostrunnjfocs vcroånuies, sc pucgc gcdfstrer quc ei nfostrujr gc bfrde eutþofde sc `cocre uo `reo elfrrf. Cstf cs egcdås rcbfrzegf pfsjtjvedcotc dcgjeotc ci usf gc detcrjeics gc ie rc`jþo, co gfogc confotrercdfs ci cdpicf gc ie pjcgre, ie degcre, ci mekercquc y ie tjcrre, sfif pfr dconjfoer ei`uofs. ^j mjco tedmjêo sc iic`e e rcnurrjr e detcrjeics quc of sfo oetureics, Ie vjvjcoge cs uo rcbickf gc ie sfnjcgeg8 pfr if teotf sc nfosjgcrþ quc cste le cvfiunjfoegf nfobfrdc e ie nuiture gc ie pfmienjþo, ie nuei sc conucotre nfotcojge co sus entjvjgegcs cnfoþdjnes y ie gjoådjne gc ifs `rupfs gfdêstjnfs. Ie cvfiunjþo gc ie vjvjcoge vcroånuie sc le gegf dcgjeotc ie egeptenjþo gc cicdcotfs ekcofs e su nfobj`urenjþo frj`joei y ie nfotjoujgeg gc cicdcotfs errej`egfs co ie nuiture gc sus lemjteotcs, pfr if quc cste oc`fnjenjþo nfosteotc cotrc ifs cicdcotfs ifneics y of ifneics le sjgf ie nievc gc su pcrsjstconje.

MJMIJF@]EBÄE ]u`jcrf Qêrcz, E. (=111). ¨Espcntfs tcþrjnfs gc ie vjvjcoge co rcienjþo ei lemjter¨. ]cvjste JORJ, 53(71). lttp;//rcvjstejovj.unljic.ni/jogcx.plp/JORJ

Dertäo, @eijogf, I. (=112). ¨Ie erqujtcnture vcroånuie petrjdfojf gc ie ludeojgeg¨. Wfdf JJ, Nepätuif tcrncrf ¨Erqujtcnture y Qejsekc Nuiturei co ies Lurgcs¨, på`s. 5115-51=1. lttps;//www.ncrveotcsvjrtuei.nfd