Vehicle Classification

AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SYSTEM

COURSE CONTENTS 

Chassis and Body  Classification

of Vehicle, Layout, Construction & Details, Chassis & Body material, Integrated construction, BIW, Interior System, Console design, Pillar trims, Head roof

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Transmission & Driveline

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Front Axle & Steering

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Breaking and suspension

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Electrical System

CLASSIFICATION OF VEHICLES & VEHICLE BODIES (COMMERCIAL VEHICLE)

CMVR – VEHICLE TYPES :

CMVR: Central Motor Vehicle Rules applicable in India Also Classified as: 2Wheeler, 3Weeler, and 4Wheeler

ECONOMIC COMMISSION OF EUROPE (ECE ) Road Vehicle Types:  Power Driven Vehicle  Motor Vehicle  Trailer Vehicle  Vehicle Combinations

ECONOMIC COMMISSION OF EUROPE (ECE ) Some Ex:  Convertible  Pullman  Coupe  Articulated Bus

ECONOMIC COMMISSION OF EUROPE (ECE )

ECE – R.E. 3 Classification of Vehicle:

Category  Category  Category  Category  Category 

L M N O G

USA CLASSIFICATION

SUMMARIZED COMPARISON:

SUMMARIZED COMPARISON:

POPULAR TRUCKS CLASSIFICATIONS IN INDIA FFC: Full Forward Control  LPT: Load Passenger cum Transport 

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SFC: Semi Forward Control

CLASSIFICATION OF PASSENGER VEHICLE: Cars may be classified by a number of different criteria; because a vehicle may fit into multiple categories, or not completely satisfy the requirements for any. Commonly used systems of classification. Where applicable is a equivalent Euro NCAP classifications. Car rental companies often use the ACRISS Car Classification Code. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), based on interior passenger and cargo volumes. A similar set of classes is used by the Canadian EPA. Australia, the Federal Chamber of Automotive Industries publishes its own classifications.

ACRISS CAR CLASSIFICATION CODE: 

First letter:

Category

Code M N

ACRISS CAR CLASSIFICATION CODE: 

Second letter:

Type

Code B 2 C 2

ACRISS CAR CLASSIFICATION CODE: 

Third letter:

Transmission / Drive

Code M

ACRISS CAR CLASSIFICATION CODE: 

Third letter:

Fuel / Air Conditioning Example:  IDAR - Intermediate, 4-doors, automatic gearbox and airconditioning (e.g. Vauxhall Insignia or Renault Megane Scénic)  ECMN - Economy, 2/4 doors, manual gearbox, no airconditioning (e.g. Ford Fiesta or Opel Corsa

Code R N

EURO CAR SEGMENT CLASSIFICATIONS: ASEGMENT BSEGMENT CSEGMENT DSEGMENT ESEGMENT FSEGMENT SSEGMENT MSEGMENT JSEGMENT (INCLUDING

MINI CARS SMALL CARS MEDIUM CARS LARGE CARS EXECUTIVE CARS LUXURY CARS SPORT COUPES MULTI PURPOSE CARS SPORT UTILITY CARS OFF-ROAD VEHICLES)

EURO NCAP CLASSIFICATIONS: MICROCAR HATCHBACKS, SALOONS (SEDANS) AND ESTATE CARS (STATION WAGONS) CITY CAR SUPERMINI/SUBCOMPACT CAR SMALL FAMILY CAR/COMPACT CAR LARGE FAMILY CAR/MID-SIZE CAR FULL-SIZE CAR/LARGE CAR COMPACT EXECUTIVE CAR/ENTRY-LEVEL LUXURY CAR EXECUTIVE CAR/MID-LUXURY CAR FULL-SIZE LUXURY CAR/GRAND SALOON SPORTS CARS AND GRAND TOURERS HOT HATCH / SPORT COMPACT SPORTS SALOON / SPORTS SEDAN / LUXURY SPORTS SPORTS CAR GRAND TOURER SUPERCAR MUSCLE CAR PONY CAR CONVERTIBLE OFF-ROADERS SPORT UTILITY VEHICLE CROSSOVER SUV MULTI-PURPOSE VEHICLES / MINIVANS VAN, CAMPER, RV, MINIBUS ETC.

EURO NCAP EXAMPLES:

SUMMERY OF CLASSIFICATION :

American English Microcar

Mi

SUMMERY OF CLASSIFICATION :

A m erican English Sportscar

Brit Engl

Sportsc

SUMMERY OF CLASSIFICATION :

Mini SUV

M

Compact SUV

Co 4x

CLASSIFICATION OF INDIAN PASSENGER VEHICLE:

The classifica (Passenger ca A1 - Mini - Up

OVERVIEW OF COMMERCIAL VEHICLE Light utility vans  Truck van  Road train  Large-capacity road train  Semitrailer  Bus 

VEHICLE BODIES: COMMERCIAL VEHICLES They are used for Safe and Efficient transport of person and freight.  Economic efficiency is determined by Ration of Usable space to Overall vehicle volume, and  Payload to Gross Vehicle Weight.  From a Design point of view a distinction is made between Cab-over-engine (COE) and Cabbehind-engine (CBE) vehicles.  Due to wide Diversity, Calculating dimensions of body structure (unitized body, cab, chassis etc) takes a major role in Design. 

OVERVIEW OF LIGHT UTILITY VANS 

Panel van

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Platform van

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Double-cab low-bed truck

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Chassis

OVERVIEW OF LIGHT UTILITY VANS They are Light Duty Vans (2 to 7 Tons) used in Transportation of persons and local freight.  Light utility vans with more powerful engines are also increasing in long-distance transport.  In both the case Stringent demands are made on vehicles in term of Agility, Performance, user-friendliness, and safety.  Design Concept based on Front mounted engine, Front or Rear-wheel drive, Independent suspension, Rigid axle, and with Gross weight 3.5T and higher Twin tyres on the rear axle. 

MEDIUM- AND HEAVY-DUTY TRUCKS AND TRACTOR VEHICLE

MEDIUM- AND HEAVY-DUTY TRUCKS AND TRACTOR VEHICLE These vehicles have either load-bearing chassis or partially load bearing body.  Engine is at the Front, seldom fitted as an underfloor engine between the axles.  Vehicle is driven by Twin tire axle(s), rarly rear axle is fitted with Single Tire.  Type of truck undercarriage: N = Z / L Where, N is Nos. of wheels Z is Nos. of Driven wheel and L is Nos. of Steered wheels (Twin wheels count One wheel) 

MEDIUM- AND HEAVY-DUTY TRUCKS AND TRACTOR VEHICLE Normal chassis have leaf- and air-sprung rigid front and rear axles.  Pneumatic suspension reduces body acceleration forces.  Three axle vehicle are fitted with either a leading or trailing axle to increase Payload Capacity. 

BUSES: Bus market offers a specific vehicle for practically every application, results in wide range of Bus types, which differ in their overall dimensions and Application.  Microbuses: Carry up-to 19 Passengers, Developed from Light-duty trucks or vans weighing approx. 4.5 t.  Minibuses: Carry approx 25 passengers. Developed from light-duty trucks or vans weighing up-to approx. 4.5 t. Occasionally built on Ladder-type chassis. Modified Suspensions & Body provides Optimum Comfort.

BUSES: Midibuses: Carry up-to approx. 35 Passengers (Tour type) and up-to 65 passengers (City type). Weighing up-to 12.5 t. Built on ladder-type Chassis, also Integral-frame designs in operations. Modified Suspensions & Body provides Optimum Comfort.  Citybuses: Eqipped with Seating and Standing room. Short intervals between stops in suburban transport requires rapid passenger turn-over, achieved with Wide doors, Low boarding and Floor Heights. Specifications: Veh Length 12 mtr GVW 18.0t Nos of Seats 32 to 44 (Total up-to 105 Three Axle 15 mtr. Long Increased capacity up-to 135  Tour Bus: Low, Two-axle stand. Bus Provide Comfortable Travel through Double Decker 

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