Vedic Jyotish-A Scientific Approach

 

Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach By Aseem Mehrotra © All rights reserved

    First Published Via www.Scribd.com: Vikram Samvat 2074-75

Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

मद ु ाकरा तमोदकं सदा िवमिु क्तसाधकं कलाधरावतंसकं िवलािसलोकरक्षकम ् । अनायकैकनायकं िवनािशतेभदै यकं नताशुभाशुनाशकं नमािम तं िवनायकम ् ॥१॥ नतेतराितभीकरं नवोिदताकर्भा वरं नम सुरािरिनजर्रं नतािधकापदद्ध ु रम ् । सुरे वरं िनधी वरं गजे वरं गणे वरं महे वरं तमा ये परा परं िनर तरम ् ॥२॥ सम तलोकशंकरं िनर तदै यकु जरं दरे तरोदरं वरं वरे भवक्त्रमक्षरम ् । कृपाकरं क्षमाकरं मुदाकरं यश करं मन करं नम कृतां नम करोिम भा वरम ् ॥३॥ अिकंचनाितर्माजर्नं िचर तनोिक्तभाजनं पुरािरपव र् दनं सुरािरगवर्चवर्णम ् । ू न प्रप चनाशभीषणं धनंजयािदभष ू णम ् कपोलदानवारणं भजे परु ाणवारणम ् ॥४॥ िनता तका तद तकाि तम तका तका मजं अिच य पम तहीनम तरायकृ तनम ् । द तरे िनर तरं वस तमेव योिगनां तमेकद तमेव तं िविच तयािम स ततम ् ॥५॥ महागणेशप चर नमादरे ण योऽ वहं प्रज पित प्रभातके िद मरन ् गणे वरम ् । अरोगतामदोषतां सुसािहतीं सुपुत्रतां समािहतायरु टभिू तम यप ु ैित सोऽिचरात ् ॥६॥

Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach Who Holds the Divine Joy in His Hand as Modaka and Who Always strives to Accomplish the Liberation of His Devotees towards that Divine Joy, Who Holds the Digit of the Moon as His Ornament and with a Joyful Spirit Protects the World, Who is without any Master but is Himself the only Master for His Devotees, and Protects them by Destroying the Demons, To those who Surrender to Him, He Destroys the Inauspicious tendencies Quickly; I Salute Sri Vinayaka and surrender to Him.

To those who do not Bow down to God out of arrogance, He takes a Frightening form; His benign form is however like a Newly-Risen Sun, Who is always Fresh without any Decay, and is Saluted Reverentially by the Devas and the Devoted Persons; Who Extricates those who Surrender to Him from Difficult Calamities, Who is the God of the Devas, Who is the God of Prosperity, Who is the God with an Elephant Face and Who is the God of the Ganas, Who is the Great God; To His Refuge, Who is Superior than the Best, I Continually place myself in devotional surrender.

Who is the Auspicious Power behind All the Worlds and Who Removes the Mighty Demons, Whose Huge Body signifies Prosperity and Boon-Giving and Whose Most Excellent Face reflects His Imperishable Nature. Who Showers Grace, Who Showers Forgiveness, Who Showers Joy and who Showers Glory to His Devotees, Who Bestows Intelligence and Wisdom to those Who Salute Him with Reverence; I Salute His Shining Form.

Who Wipes out the Sufferings of the Destitutes who take His Refuge; Who is the Receptacle of the Words of Praises of the Ancients, Who is the Former Son of the Enemy of Tripurasuras, and Who Chews down the Pride and Arrogance of the Enemies of the Devas, Who wields Terrible Power to Destroy the delusion of the Five Elements constituting the World; Who Himself is Adorned with the Powers, From Whose Cheeks flow down the Juice of Grace; Salutations to Him Whose Praise similarly flows down like Juice from the Puranas.

Whose Beautiful Form of Ekadanta is very much dear to His Devotees, and who is the Son of the One Who Put an End to Antaka. Whose essential Form is Inconceivable and without any Limit, and which Cuts through the Obstacles of His Devotees, Who Continually Abides in the Cave of the Heart of the Yogis. I Continually Reflect upon Him, the Ekadanta.

Those who Read the Great Ganesha Pancharatnam with Devotion ... ... and Utter this in the Early Morning Contemplating on Sri Ganeshvara in their Hearts ... ... will get Free from Diseases and Vices, will get Good Spouses and Good Sons,.... ... and with it He will get Long Life and the Eight Powers soon.

Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

PREFACE Astrology is a science in itself and contains an enlightening body of knowledge. Many great Maharishis, Jyotishacharyas and Scientists have contributed to this occult and ancient science of Indian culture. Maharishi Bhrigu, an ancient Indian mathematician, researcher and philosopher, contributed to this science by compiling his works on astrology in Bhrigu Samhita (the first ever book written on this topic). Today we have a fair amount of Jyotish literature published in various languages. Considering the amount of literature already available, I can only echo the few words learnt from them. I am writing this book to share the little knowledge I received from the great Mathematicians, Scientists, Maharishis and Acharyas. In this book, I tried to focus on the science and mathematics behind Vedic Astrophysics. I covered the divisional charts, ascendant or lagna, houses or bhava, signs or rashis, nakshtras, planets or Graha, dashas, and several methods to understand the effect of all these on our lives. This book probably contains some fine knowledge I gained from many esteemed Jyotishacharyas. I beg for the forgiveness from Great Sages if any mistake is made while writing this book. I am greatly thankful to my parents who motivated me to work in the field of Jyotish. I extend my thankfulness to Microsoft Word for correcting the grammatical and spell mistakes in this work. I am thankful to Bing and Google for providing me a platform so can I translate my works to English. I am also thankful to www.Scribd.com for providing me a podium to publish my little work on a vast and a huge topic. I can compare this work with a drop of water in great oceans. May all planets bestow their energy on us,

Aseem Mehrotra Email: [email protected]

Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

Contents Chapter 1: Introduction ......................................................... 1 1.1:

What is Solar System ............................................... 1

1.2:

Solar System and Jyotish ......................................... 1

1.3:

History of Vedic Jyotish .......................................... 3

1.4:

Jyotish and Our Life ................................................ 4

1.5:

Jyotish and Mathematics (Ganita) .......................... 4

Chapter 2:

Basic Concepts ............................................... 7

2.1:

Chakras (Charts) ...................................................... 7

2.2:

Harmonic Charts (Varga Chakras) ........................ 8

2.3:

Vedic Calendar (Panchang) .................................... 8

2.3.1:

Tithi ........................................................................................................................... 8

2.3.2:

Maas (Vedic Months) ............................................................................................ 10

2.3.3:

Paksha (Phase of Month) ...................................................................................... 11

2.3.4:

Nakshatra (Constellations).................................................................................... 11

2.3.5:

Yoga ......................................................................................................................... 15

2.4:

Ayanamsa ................................................................. 16

2.5:

Dasha ........................................................................ 18

Chapter 3:

Rashis ............................................................ 19

3.1:

Introduction ............................................................ 19

3.2:

Classification of Rashis.......................................... 20

3.2.1:

Odd & Even Rashis .............................................................................................. 20

3.2.2:

Odd-Footed & Even-Footed Rashis ................................................................... 20

3.2.3:

Movable, Fixed & Dual (Char, Sthir & Dwiswabhav)..................................... 20

3.2.4:

Five Elements ........................................................................................................ 20

3.2.5:

Pitta, Vaata & Kapha ............................................................................................ 23

3.2.6:

Sattwa, Rajas and Tamas ..................................................................................... 23

3.2.7:

Rashis and Directions........................................................................................... 24

3.2.8:

Rashis and Colors ................................................................................................. 25

Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

3.2.9: 3.3:

Day and Night (Diva & Nisha) Rashis .............................................................. 25

Indications of Rashis .............................................. 26

Chapter 4:

Graha ............................................................ 29

4.1:

Introduction ............................................................ 29

4.2:

Classification and Characteristics ........................ 29

4.2.1:

Benefic (Shubha) & Malefic (Paap)....................................................................... 29

4.2.2:

Main Governance.................................................................................................. 30

4.2.3:

Graha & Colors ..................................................................................................... 30

4.2.4:

Gender of Graha ................................................................................................... 30

4.2.5:

Pancha Mahabhuta ............................................................................................... 30

4.2.6:

Sattwa, Rajas and Tamas ..................................................................................... 31

4.2.7:

Sapta Dhatu ........................................................................................................... 32

4.3:

Planetary Dignities ................................................ 32

4.3:

Planetary Relationships ........................................ 33

4.4:

Planetary Aspects (Graha Drishti) ....................... 34

Chapter 5:

Bhava ............................................................ 36

5.1:

Introduction ............................................................ 36

5.2:

Bhava Significance ................................................. 37

5.2.1:

1st Bhava (1st Astrological House): ..................................................................... 37

5.2.2:

2nd Bhava (2nd Astrological House) .................................................................... 37

5.2.3:

3rd Bhava (3rd Astrological House): .................................................................... 37

5.2.4:

4th Bhava (4th Astrological House):..................................................................... 38

5.2.5:

5th Bhava (5th Astrological House):..................................................................... 38

5.2.6:

6th Bhava (6th Astrological House):..................................................................... 39

5.2.7:

7th Bhava (7th Astrological House):..................................................................... 39

5.2.8:

8th Bhava (8th Astrological house): ..................................................................... 39

5.2.9:

9th Bhava (9th Astrological House):..................................................................... 40

5.2.10:

10th Bhava (10th Astrological House): ............................................................. 40

5.2.11:

11th Bhava (11th Astrological House): ............................................................. 41

5.2.12:

12th Bhava (12th Astrological House): ............................................................. 41

5.3:

Significance of Bhavas in Human Body.............. 41

Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

5.4:

Special Category of Bhava .................................... 42

5.4.1:

Trikona ................................................................................................................... 42

5.4.2:

Kendra .................................................................................................................... 43

5.4.3:

Panaphara .............................................................................................................. 43

5.4.4:

Apoklima ............................................................................................................... 43

5.4.5:

Upachaya ............................................................................................................... 44

5.4.6:

Dushta .................................................................................................................... 44

Chapter 6:

Special Lagna ............................................... 45

6.1:

Bhava Lagna ........................................................... 45

6.2:

Hora Lagna ............................................................. 46

6.3:

Ghatee Lagna .......................................................... 46

Chapter 7: Divisional Charts (Harmonic Charts) ............ 47 7.1:

Method of Calculation ........................................... 48

7.1.1:

Rashi Chart ............................................................................................................ 48

7.1.2:

Hora Chart ............................................................................................................. 48

7.1.3:

Drekkana Chart ..................................................................................................... 49

7.1.4:

Chaturthansh Chart.............................................................................................. 50

7.1.5:

Panchansh Chart ................................................................................................... 50

7.1.6:

Shashthansh Chart ................................................................................................ 50

7.1.7:

Saptansh ................................................................................................................. 51

7.1.8:

Ashthansh Chart ................................................................................................... 52

7.1.9:

Navamansh Chart................................................................................................. 52

7.1.10:

Dashamansh Chart .......................................................................................... 53

7.1.11:

Rudransh Chart ................................................................................................ 54

7.1.12:

Dwadashansh Chart ........................................................................................ 55

7.1.13:

Shodashansh Chart .......................................................................................... 56

7.1.14:

Vimsansh Chart ................................................................................................ 57

7.1.15:

Chaturvimsansh Chart .................................................................................... 57

7.1.16:

Nakshatransh Chart......................................................................................... 58

7.1.17:

Trimsansh Chart ............................................................................................... 59

7.1.18:

Khavedansh Chart ........................................................................................... 61

Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

7.1.19:

Akshavedansh Chart ....................................................................................... 61

7.1.20:

Shashtyansh Chart ........................................................................................... 62

7.2:

Challenges in Predicting Divisional Charts ....... 62

Chapter 8: 8.1:

Vimsottari Dasa Types & Analysis ........... 64

Vimsottari Dasa System ........................................ 64

8.1.1:

Computation of Vimsottari Dasa ....................................................................... 65

8.1.2:

Predictions Using Vimsottari Dasa .................................................................... 67

Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1:

What is Solar System

The solar system is a gravitationally bound system comprising the Sun and the objects that orbit it either directly or indirectly. As per the scientific data available in modern times, solar system formed 4.5672 billion years ago. Earth was created 4.54 billion years ago. The oldest material found on earth as of now is staggering 4.4 billion years old. These are the zircon crystals extracted from a rock on a sheep ranch in Western Australia. Sun is the central star and all other celestial bodies, present in this system, continuously travel around it. These bodies include eight planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, which are themselves orbited by more than 140 moons (only Mercury & Venus have no moons). In addition, the solar system contains some dwarf planets (plutoids), their moons, millions of rocky asteroids and billions of icy comets. All of these objects are held together in a group by Sun’s gravity and together form the Solar System.

1.2:

Solar System and Jyotish

As we know, all bodies in our solar system (including our home planet, The Earth) continuously orbit around the Sun. Thus, all celestial objects are constantly in motion with respect to Earth. The positions of Sun, Earth’s Moon and some planets close to Earth have great effects on all forms of lives (in any of the four states: Jagrat, Swapna, Susupt or Turiya) present on Earth. This is the basic principle of Vedic Jyotish. How accurately we can make predictions of these effects on all forms of lives nurtured on Earth based on the positions of these celestial bodies is the query that we will attempt to solve in the forthcoming sections of this book. Each of these heavenly bodies are directly or indirectly luminous. All of these possess their own gravity and electro-magnetic field. These different forms of energies influence the physical, mental, spiritual and environmental factors of all forms of life on Earth. In Vedic Jyotish, Saturn is termed as most distant heavenly body effecting the life on earth and Moon the closest one. In total seven heavenly bodies in our solar system have their effects on Earth’s life: 

Sun (Surya)



Moon (Chandra or Som)



Mercury (Budh)

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Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach



Venus (Shukra)



Mars (Mangal)



Jupiter (Guru or Brihaspati)



Saturn (Shani)

In addition to these seven physical objects, two shadows affect the life on Earth on a significant level: 

Rahu (Northern Node of Orbit of the Moon)



Ketu (Southern Node of Orbit of the Moon)

These nine celestial objects in Jyotish are termed as Graha. The positions of these significant celestial objects (some physical objects and some non-physical like shadow planets) are recorded on a two dimensional 360° pattern in the form of a Chart or a Diagram. Collection of many such Charts (some depicts relative positions of celestial objects with respect to Earth and some the mathematical derivatives of basic charts) is called a Horoscope (Kundli). As all these celestial bodies constantly in motion with respect to Earth, so the charts also vary every another smallest unit of time. The more accuracy in time measurement guarantees more accurate predictions. In addition to time, another factor involved in the accuracy of these predictions is the change in position of the celestial objects with respect to any point on Earth in a smallest measurable unit of time. Mathematically this relationship is represented as follows: f(Pa)  f(t) f(Pa)  f(x) Where, Pa :

Prediction Accuracy

t:

Measurement of Time

x:

Measurement of Relative position of Celestial Bodies

f(Pa) = k*f(t)*f(x) Where, k:

Astrological Parameter (a complex & non-linear parameter)

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Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

1.3:

History of Vedic Jyotish

Hinduism (a way of life) is a culturally rich practice. As per the ancient scripture, Hinduism is believed to be as old as the history of life in this huge and vast universe. Though the name Hindu or Hinduism is nowhere written in these scripture but in modern times people who follow the principles of these ancient scripture are termed as Hindu. Many beautiful and useful science like Yoga, Ayurveda, Swara, Artha, and Jyotisha etc. were developed by ancient scientists and researchers. In addition to these science many scripture were written explaining all these. Some of them are still preserved in the form of Vedas, Puranas and Upanishads. Jyotisha is the most comprehensive and complete system of astrology available today on this globe. In contrast to western astrology (which is broadly based on only Sun’s position at any point of time with respect to Earth), principles of Vedic Jyotish are highly sensitive to the smallest unit of time that can be measured by the most modern atomic clock (अणु प दक) and the smallest distance travelled by the main celestial objects with respect to a particular point on Earth. Mid-modern astrologers like Dr. B.V. Raman termed this form of Jyotish as Hindu Jyotish as this science of predictions is first compiled in the scripture which in modern times are followed by Hindu religion. Later on, astrologers termed it as Vedic Jyotish to match the name with that of written in ancient scripture. Jyotish is a Sanskrit term. It comprises of two Sanskrit words Jyoti (which means Light) & Ish (which means Lord). Literally the meaning of Jyotish is “Light of Lord”. In Hindu mythology, planets and other heavenly bodies are designated as sacred as God. Jyotish is the science of study of these heavenly bodies, so thus the name “Light of Lord” or Jyotish. Historical origins of Jyotish are totally lost in the glooms of the distant past but the science of Jyotish lived through the eras & ages. Great Sage Maharishi Bhrigu compiled his beautiful work on Jyotish in the form of a book called Bhrigu Samhita. This is how this science is passed from one Yuga to another Yuga. Ancient seers classified Jyotish as one of the limbs of Vedas. The six limbs of Vedas are: Vyakarna (Grammar), Chandas (Rhythm), Shiksha (Modulation), Nirukta (Etymology), Kalpa (Ritual) and Jyotisha (Astrology).

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Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

1.4:

Jyotish and Our Life

During Vedic era, Jyotish was used to help in achieving five main goals of life: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Dharma (eternal law) Karma (day to day doings) Artha (finance and wealth) Kama (worldly enjoyment) Moksha (liberation)

Even today Jyotish Shastra is broadly used in predicting these five factors of our life. This science is not only limited to individuals but globally it is used to determine the fate of Nations, Business Houses, etc.

1.5:

Jyotish and Mathematics (Ganita)

In Vedic era, mathematics broadly used in calculating the planetary cycles & motions, helical risings & settings of the stars, calendar dates, seasons, eclipses, and many such other things. Most Jyotishis in Vedic era mastered mathematics and astronomy to accurately project the position of heavenly bodies on the two dimensional chart known as Horoscope. Jyotish deals with the projective geometry. Relative positions of the Graha are calculated. This means that the angular difference of Graha with respect to earth matters in Jyotish Shastra. The positions of these Graha with respect to a particular geometric point on earth are calculated in Degrees (°), Minutes (‘) and Seconds (“). These positions of Graha are called geocentric positions. To calculate these positions, the 360° sky is divided in to twelve equal non-motional parts (each of 30°) known as Bhava or House. Each bhava has its own significance and associated with different aspects of life. 2nd House 3rd House

12th House 1st House

4th House 5th House

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10th House 7th House

6th House

11th House

9th House 8th House

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Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

The zodiac or sky is also divided in to twelve equal motional parts (30° each) which is superimposed over the bhava or houses. These equal parts are known as Rashi or Sign: 1. Mesh or Aries 2. Vrash or Taurus 3. Mithun or Gemini 4. Kark or Cancer 5. Singh or Leo 6. Kanya or Virgo 7. Tula or Libra 8. Vrashchik or Scorpio 9. Dhanu or Sagittarius 10. Makar or Capricorn 11. Kumbh or Aquarius 12. Meen or Pisces

2 Taurus 3 Gemini

1 Aries

10 Capricorn

4 Cancer 5 Leo 6 Virgo

12 Pisces

7 Libra

11 Aquarius

9 Sagittarius 8 Scorpio

These Rashis travel at an angular speed of 6°0’0” per ghatee (a unit of time in Vedic Jyotish). In this manner these twelve Rashis complete one cycle of motion across the zodiac in 60 ghatee. The rashi in which the sun is present at the time of sunrise is termed as Udit Lagna or Rising Ascendant. This lagna is position dependent (as sunrise time for every other position on Earth is different). As every rashi travels at 6°0’0” per ghatee, so lagna (rashi occupying the first house at any given time) changes completely after every 5 ghatee. The Jyotish Shastra calculations are so accurate that every day the rashi bearing the sun at the time of sunrise present in the 1st House or Bhava, as both Rashi and Graha are in motion with respect to earth. So, the lagna on a specified date and time will be different for Ney York and New Delhi.

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Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

Every rashi is subdivided in to 9 padas. 4 padas together make one nakshatra. Thus every rashi has 2.25 nakshatras. These nakshatras move along with their rashi and are fixed for every rashi.

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Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

Chapter 2: Basic Concepts 2.1:

Chakras (Charts)

Charts are the 360° two dimensional planes consisting of twelve equal parts (Bhava) on which the geocentric projection of Rashis, Nakshatras, and Graha are superimposed. For preparing any chart, we need to first determine the Rashi occupied by each of the Graha and Bhava occupied by each of the Rashi. After collecting the information, it can be drawn in two various styles: 1. North Indian Style (a rectangle with 12 boxes representing 12 Bhava) 2. South Indian Style (a circle divided in to 12 equal arcs representing 12 Rashis) In this book, North Indian chart style is followed. Let us start with an example of Maryada Purushotham Lord Shri Ram’s birth or natal chart (to draw a natal chart, information like time of birth and place of birth are required). Rashis engaged by Graha & Lagna for Lord Rama Lagna Kundli or Natal Chart are as follows: Aries: Sun; Taurus: Mercury; Gemini: Ketu; Cancer: Ascendant (Lagna), Moon, & Jupiter; Libra: Saturn; Sagittarius: Rahu; Capricorn: Mars; Pisces: Venus.

Lord Rama Lagna Kundli or Natal Chart (North Indian Chart Style)

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Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

2.2:

Harmonic Charts (Varga Chakras)

A natal chart or Lagna Kundli can be drawn with the information of which planet occupies which rashi when seen from a particular geometric location on earth at the time of birth. We can draw Varga Chakras or Harmonic (divisional) Charts by dividing rashis in to several parts (2, 3, 4 and so on). Each rashi is divided in to ‘n’ parts and each part then mapped to a rashi again. The Graha in the mapped part also occupies the same rashi as that of the part. Each harmonic chart is analyzed as an independent chart with 12 bhava, 12 rashis and 9 Graha. Each harmonic chart throws light on a specific area of one’s life like Chaturthansh (or 4th Derivative of the natal chart) is analyzed for Luck of the person and Saptamansh (or 7th Derivative of the natal chart) is analyzed for Children.

2.3:

Vedic Calendar (Panchang)

Panchang is a Sanskrit word which literally means Five Limbs (Panch: Five; Ang: Limbs). A Panchang is a form of Vedic calendar which is based on the longitudinal difference of the geocentric positions of moon and sun in the zodiac or sky. As the name depicts, a Panchang gives us five important data: 1. Lunar Date or Tithi (based longitudinal difference between geocentric positions of moon and sun; 12° difference constitutes on Tithi) 2. Month or Maas (derived from the rashi in which Sun-Moon conjunction occurs; it happens once every month or maas) 3. Phase or Paksha of Month (each Month has 2 pakshas based on the Lunar Phases; Brighter Fortnight: Waxing Moon and Darker Fortnight: Waning Moon) 4. Nakshatra of Moon (also termed as Janma Nakshatra: Nakshatra occupied by Moon at the time of one’s birth) 5. Yoga

2.3.1: Tithi To understand the concept of tithi in Vedic jyotish, we must study the philosophy of time. Time is a continuously changing and endless phenomenon. A time has no beginning and no culmination but it is the cause of creation and destruction of every animated and unanimated object in this vast universe. Time can be measured with the endless cyclic repetitions of certain celestial events like revolution of Earth around the Sun or revolution of Moon around the Earth. The reference event to measure the time must be independent from any other activity in the universe i.e. the event will repeat itself till infinity without being affected by any other event. But the revolution of Earth around the Sun is not uniform (due to continuous By Aseem Mehrotra

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Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

movement of moon away from the earth). One event that is happening in our solar system uniformly without being affected by other events is the change in difference of geocentric positions of Moon and Sun. In Vedic calendar or panchang, one day stands for one tithi. Tithi is a period in which the difference between the geocentric positions or longitudes of moon and sun changes by exactly 12°0’0”. When Moon and Sun are at the same geocentric position or same longitude, a new Vedic Maas of 30 tithis starts (in Amanta system). This conjunction of moon and sun happens repeatedly without being affected by any other event in universe. Relative angular speed of moon is greater than that of sun, so moon will go ahead of sun with the progress in time. When moon’s geocentric position is exactly 12° greater than sun’s geocentric position, the first Tithi finishes and the second Tithi starts. Moon-Sun longitudinal difference will be (12xn) ° after exactly n tithis. Shukla Paksha Tithi (Brighter Fortnight) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 ---

Krishna Paksha Tithi (Darker Fortnight) 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 --30

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Vedic Name of Tithi Pratipada Dwitiya Tritiya Chaturthi Panchmi Shashti Saptami Ashtami Navami Dashami Ekadashi Dwadashi Trayodashi Chaturdashi Poornima (Full Moon) Amavasya (New Moon)

Moon-Sun Longitudinal Difference (Shukla / Krishna) in ° 12 / 192 24 / 204 36 / 216 48 / 228 60 / 240 72 / 252 84 / 264 96 / 276 108 / 288 120 / 300 132 / 312 144 / 324 156 / 336 168 / 348 180 360 or 0

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Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

2.3.2: Maas (Vedic Months) A Maas is one cycle of Moon-Sun geocentric position change i.e. the period that starts with 180° or 360° difference in geocentric positions of Moon & Sun and ends at the similar longitudinal difference. In Vedic Jyotish, two forms of months are used: 1. Poornimanta 2. Amanta In Poornimanta system, a vedic month starts when Moon-Sun longitudinal difference is 180° while in Amanta system it starts when Moon-Sun longitudinal difference is 360° or 0° in the zodiac plane. The name of the month in both the systems is derived from one of the nakshatras of the rashi in which the moon is present at 180 degrees longitudinal difference of moon and sun (i.e. Full Moon or Poornima). This is the nakshatra the moon will occupy most of the times at the same Poornima each year. For example, when the 360° or 0° longitudinal difference between moon and sun (conjunction) occurs in Aries, it is most probable (but not certain) that moon will occupy Chitra nakshatra on Full Moon Day. So this month is known as Chaitra Maas. The Vedic New Year starts at the beginning of Chaitra Maas. Chaitra Navratra are celebrated in India for 9 continuous tithis to mark the celebrations of Vedic New Year. Shardiya Navratra are celebrated at the beginning of Ashwin Maas to mark the celebrations of half year completion. Name of Month or Maas Chaitra Vaisaakha Jyeshtha Aashaadha Sraavana

Ashwin

Most Likely Nakshatra of Moon on Poornima Chitra Vishakha Jyeshtha Poorvashada or Uttarashada Shravana Poorvabhadrapada or Uttarabhadrapada Aswini

Kaartik

Kritika

Maargasira

Mrigashira

Pushya Maagha Phaalguna

Pushya Magha Poorvaphalguni or Uttaraphalguni

Bhaadrapada

By Aseem Mehrotra

Approximate Solar Month March or April April or May May or June June or July July or August August or September September or October October or November November or December December or January January or February February or March 10 | P a g e

Vedic Jyotish: A Scientific Approach

Adhik Maas or extra month occurs when Moon-Sun conjunction happens two times in the same rashi (one after the other). As the geocentric positions of Moon and Sun continuously changes and angular speed of Moon is more than that of Sun, so the Moon will travel more than 360° to conjunct with the Sun again. This extra motion of Moon (more than 360°) is accommodated by an extra month (Adhik Maas).

2.3.3: Paksha (Phase of Month) A Vedic or solunar (related to positions of both sun and moon) month has 30 tithis. Each month is divided in to 2 fortnights (paksha). 1. Shukla Paksha: Brighter fortnight with waxing moon. This paksha starts from Pratipada and ends on Poornima. 2. Krishna Paksha: Darker fortnight with waning moon. This paksha starts from Pratipada and ends on Amavasya. In Poornimanta system, month or Maas starts from Shukla Paksha while in Amanta system it starts form Krishna Paksha.

2.3.4: Nakshatra (Constellations) In Vedic Jyotish, the sky or zodiac plane of 360° is divided in to 27 nakshatras. Each nakshatra has an angular length of 13°20’0”. Every nakshatra has four padas or charans. These padas are designated with numbers 1 to 4 along with the nakshatra name. For example Revati – 1 or Swati – 4. As we know, zodiac plane consists of 12 movable rashis of 30° each. So each rashi will have 2.25 nakshatras i.e. 9 padas of 3 nakshatras. These padas and nakshatras are fixed for each and every rashi and travels along with the rashis at the same angular speed.

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These nakshatras play a very important and crucial role in the chart analysis. The Grahas occupying the rashis are associated with these nakshatras. Every nakshatra has one Graha as its swami or lord. A planet or Graha occupying its own nakshatra is termed as auspicious in that nakshatra. For example, if Shukra is occupying space in Aries sign or Mesh rashi from 13°20’01” to 26°40’00” then it is auspicious as it is in Bharani nakshatra. Nakshatra-Pada Aswini - 1 Aswini - 2 Aswini - 3 Aswini - 4 Bharani - 1 Bharani - 2 Bharani - 3 Bharani - 4 Kritika - 1 Kritika - 2 Kritika - 3 Kritika - 4 Rohini - 1 Rohini - 2 Rohini - 3 Rohini - 4 Mrigashira - 1 Mrigashira - 2 Mrigashira - 3 Mrigashira - 4 Ardra - 1 Ardra - 2 Ardra - 3 Ardra - 4 Punarvasu - 1 Punarvasu - 2 Punarvasu - 3 Punarvasu - 4 Pushya - 1 Pushya - 2 Pushya - 3 Pushya - 4 Ashlesha - 1 Ashlesha - 2 Ashlesha - 3 Ashlesha - 4 Magha - 1 By Aseem Mehrotra

Rashi

Lord (Swami) Ketu

Mesh Shukra

Surya

Vrash

Chandra

Mangal

Mithun

Rahu

Guru

Shani Kark Budh

Nakshatra-Pada Chitra - 3 Chitra - 4 Swati - 1 Swati - 2 Swati - 3 Swati - 4 Vishakha - 1 Vishakha - 2 Vishakha - 3 Vishakha - 4 Anuradha - 1 Anuradha - 2 Anuradha - 3 Anuradha - 4 Jyeshtha - 1 Jyeshtha - 2 Jyeshtha - 3 Jyeshtha - 4 Moola - 1 Moola - 2 Moola - 3 Moola - 4 Poorvashada - 1 Poorvashada - 2 Poorvashada - 3 Poorvashada - 4 Uttarashada - 1 Uttarashada - 2 Uttarashada - 3 Uttarashada - 4 Shravana - 1 Shravana - 2 Shravana - 3 Shravana - 4 Dhanishtha - 1 Dhanishtha - 2 Dhanishtha - 3

Rashi

Tula

Lord (Swami) Mangal

Rahu

Guru

Shani Vrashchik Budh

Ketu

Dhanu Shukra

Surya

Makar

Chandra

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Magha - 2 Magha - 3 Magha - 4 Poorvaphalguni - 1 Poorvaphalguni - 2 Poorvaphalguni - 3 Poorvaphalguni - 4 Uttaraphalguni - 1 Uttaraphalguni - 2 Uttaraphalguni - 3 Uttaraphalguni - 4 Hasta - 1 Hasta - 2 Hasta - 3 Hasta - 4 Chitra - 1 Chitra - 2

Ketu

Singh Shukra

Surya

Kanya

Chandra

Mangal

Dhanishtha - 4 Satabhisha - 1 Satabhisha - 2 Satabhisha - 3 Satabhisha - 4 Poorvabhadrapada - 1 Poorvabhadrapada - 2 Poorvabhadrapada - 3 Poorvabhadrapada - 4 Uttarabhadrapada - 1 Uttarabhadrapada - 2 Uttarabhadrapada - 3 Uttarabhadrapada - 4 Revati - 1 Revati - 2 Revati - 3 Revati - 4

Rahu

Kumbh

Guru

Shani Meen Budh

Alphabets associated with the nakshatras are as follows: Name

Aswini

1

2

3

4

चु Chu

चे Che

चो Cho

ला La

Vimsottari Lord Ketu

लू Lu

ले Le

लो Lo

Venus

ई I

उ U

ए E

Sun

Bharani

ली Li

Kritika

अ A

Rohini

ओ O

वा Va/Ba

वी Vi/Bi

वु Vu/Bu

Moon

Mrigashira

वे Ve/Be

वो Vo/Bo

का Ka

की Ke

Mars

Ardra

कु Ku

घ Gha

ङ Ng/Na

छ Chha

Rahu

Punarvasu

के Ke

को Ko

हा Ha

ही Hi

Jupiter

Pushya

हु Hu

हे He

हो Ho

ड Da

Saturn

डे De

डो Do

Mercury

Magha

मा Ma

डू Du

मी Mi

मे Me

Ketu

Poorvaphalguni

नो Mo

टा Ta

मू Mu

Venus

Uttaraphalguni

टे Te

टो To

पा Pa

टू Tu

Hasta

पू Pu

ष Sha

Ashlesha

डी Di

टी Ti

पी Pi

Sun

ण Na

ठ Tha

Moon

पो Po

रा Ra

री Ri

Mars

Chitra

पे Pe

Swati

Ru

रे Re

रो Ro

ता Ta

Rahu

ती Ti

तू Tu

ते Te

तो To

Jupiter

Vishakha By Aseem Mehrotra

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Anuradha

ना Na

नी Ni

नू Nu

Jyeshtha

नो No

या Ya

Moola

ये Ye

यो Yo

भा Bha

Poorvashada

भू Bhu

धा Dha

यी Yi

ने Ne

Saturn

यू Yu

Mercury

भी Bhi

Ketu

फा Bha/Pha

ढा Dha

Venus

Uttarashada

भे Bhe

भो Bho

जा Ja

जी Ji

Sun

Shravana

खी Ju/Khi

खे Jo/Khe

खो Gha/Kho

Moon

Dhanishtha

गा Ga

खू Je/Khu

गे Ge

Mars

Satabhisha

गो Go

सा Sa

गु Gu

Rahu

Poorvabhadrapada

से Se

सो So

दा Da

सू Su

Uttarabhadrapada

द ू Du

थ Tha दो Do

Revati

दे De

गी Gi

सी Si

दी Di

Jupiter

झ Jha

ञ Da/Tra

Saturn

च Cha

ची Chi

Mercury

Constellations are grouped on the basis of their nature, type of their face, degree of their beneficence, their quarters in different signs, with reference to the constellation occupied by the Sun, with reference to the birth constellation (Janma Nakshatra), their caste, etc. The current constellation occupied by the Moon, and its nature forms the fundamental of Vedic system of astrology (Muhurt). Some of the activities and works which are associated with the Nakshatras are given below based on their fundamental nature: 2.3.4.1: Fixed constellations: Rohini, Uttarabhadrapada, Uttaraphalguni & Uttarashada Fixed and permanent nature, house, village, temple, entering in new house-city-temple, religious works, rites for getting peace, coronation, sowing of seeds, planting of small garden, starting of vocal music, friendship, sexual works, making & wearing of ornaments & clothes. 2.3.4.2: Movable constellations: Punarvasu, Swati, Shravana, Satabhisha & Dhanishtha Related to motion & movement, riding on a vehicle or elephant, opening of shop, walking first time, walking in garden, sex, making jewelry, learning of a trait. 2.3.4.3: Cruel constellations: Magha, Bharani, Poorvaphalguni, Poorvashada, & Poorvabhadrapada Ambush, burning, poisoning (self & others), making & using weapons especially related to fire, cheating / deception / wickedness / craftiness, cutting & destroying, controlling of animals, beating & punishing of enemy.

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2.3.4.4: Mixed constellations: Vishakha & Kritika Fireworks, burning of sacred fire, using poison, fearsome works, arresting, adulteration (mixing), donations. 2.3.4.5: Small constellations: Hasta, Abhijit, Pushya, and Aswini Selling, medical knowledge, using & handling of medicines, literature, music, art (various arts, sculpture etc.), jewelry making & wearing, sexual intercourse. 2.3.4.6: Sweet/Delicate & Friendly constellations: Mrigashira, Chitra, Anuradha and Revati Starting & learning, singing of songs, clothes & jewelry making & wearing, auspicious works, matter related to friends, female company, enjoyments, and sexual passions. 2.3.4.7: Sharp & Horrible constellations: Jyeshta, Ardra, Ashlesha, and Moola Charm or spell causing disease or death, hypnotism, witchcraft, ghost, ambush, horror, murder, capture, matters related to secrecy, backbiting, starting of quarrel, separation, matters related to friendship & breaking thereof, training & tying of animals, pleasure works, playing games, getting made & wearing of new dress & ornaments, entering into village / city, peaceful & developmental works.

2.3.5: Yoga Yoga is a relationship of Sun and Moon longitudes. Number of yogas is equal to number of nakshatras i.e. 27. To get the yoga at any point of time, a simple mathematical algorithm is followed. a. Add longitudes of Sun and Moon. Suppose sun is at 23°50’00” Capricorn then its longitude will be 293°50’00” (270° up to Sagittarius and 23°50’00” of Capricorn). b. If the result of addition is greater than 360° then subtract the result by 360°. c. Convert the result obtained in step ‘b’ in to seconds (“). One degree has 3600 seconds and one minute will have 60 seconds. d. Divide the result obtained in step “c” with the length of one nakshatra (13°20’00” or 800’ or 48000”). e. Ignore the fractional part of the result and add 1 to the whole number. f. Result obtained in step “e” is the numerical value of Yoga. Refer to following table to have the name of yoga. Yoga represents the auspiciousness at any given time.

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Numerical Value (Step “e”) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

2.4:

Yoga Vishkambha Preeti Aayushmaan Saubhaagya Sobhana Atiganda Sukarman Dhriti Shoola Ganda Vriddhi Dhruva Vyaaghaata Harshana

Numerical Value (Step “e”) 15 16

Vajra Siddhi

17

Vyatipaata

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

Variyan Parigha Shiva Siddha Saadhya Shubha Shukla Brahma Indra Vaidhriti

Yoga

Ayanamsa

Ayanamsa is a Sanskrit word made by concatenating the two different words; Ayana (means “movement”) and Amsa (means “portion”). So the literal meaning of Ayanamsa is “movement of a portion”. By definition it is the precision of equinoxes (an equinox is an astronomical event in which the plane of Earth’s equator passes through the center of the Sun, causing light and darkness to be of approximately equal duration all over the planet. This phenomenon occurs twice each year). The equinoxes are position dependent (depends on longitude and latitude). So the two equinoxes depends upon the observer’s location. In Vedic Jyotish, equinox is termed as vishuv (िवषुव).

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An Ayanamsa is defined as the angle by which the sidereal (nirayana) ecliptic longitude of a celestial body is less than its tropical (sayana) ecliptic longitude i.e. the difference in angular longitudes of tropical start of Aries to that of sidereal start of Aries. The sidereal ecliptic longitude of a celestial body is its longitude defined with respect to the fixed stars. The tropical ecliptic longitude of a celestial body is its longitude defined with respect to equinox. Sayana (tropical) zodiac is analogous to measuring the positions of trees sitting in a slowly moving bus. Nirayana (sidereal) zodiac considers a fixed zodiac. It considers the motion of the tropical zodiac (bus in our example) and makes an adjustment accordingly. In simple words, an Ayanamsa is the change in position of rotational axis of the earth with respect to its mean position at which the sidereal and tropical zodiacs coincide. As the rotational axis of the earth changes its position, the sidereal and tropical zodiacs move apart from their coincide positions. The earth’s axis of rotation changes it precession by 360° in approximately 25,887 solar years i.e. 1° per 71.908 solar years. So the tropical and sidereal ecliptic longitudes or zodiacs coincide with each other at approximately every 26,000 solar years. This astronomical event is termed as “The Great Cycle” by Mayans.

The true mean position of the rotational axis of earth is an arguable topic. Many scientists and researchers suggested different base year as the mean position of this axis. According to N.C. Lahiri the point at which the sidereal zodiac coincides with tropical zodiac (in the near past) is 285AD. In year 2000, this value (as calculated by N.C. Lahiri) was 23.849°. In year 2016, this value is 24.072°. It is the most widely accepted calculations of Ayanamsa used today. Dr. B.V. Raman gave the base year value as 397AD while Krishnamurthy gave it as 291AD. Still the researchers brainstorming on this issue to find out the true base year for the calculation of Ayanamsa.

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N.C. Lahiri Ayanamsa is also known as Chitra-Paksha Ayanamsa. Ayanamsa is the angular difference between the start of the Aries sign (Mesh rashi) in tropical and sidereal zodiacs. Chitra-Paksha Ayanamsa takes Chitra nakshatra as the fixed point or anchor in the zodiac. Yogatara (Spica or Alpha Virgonis) is the brightest star of Chitra nakshatra. Chitra-Paksha fixes the start of the sidereal Aries so that Spica or Yogatara always remains at 0°0’0” of Libra i.e. 180° ahead of the start of the sidereal Aries. As per ChitraPaksha Ayanamsa system, latitude of Spica is at 2° south of the ecliptic plane. Different siddhanta like Surya Siddhanta, Pitamah Siddhanta, Brahmgupta Siddhanta, Sekhara Siddhanta, Siromani Siddhanta etc. suggest different longitude and latitude for Yogatara or Spica. A lot of research and work needs to be done to get the true value of base year for calculating the Ayanamsa. As of now, we use Chitra Paksha Ayanamsa to project the zodiac on the charts.

2.5:

Dasha

Dasha is a Sanskrit word that literally means “Period of Life”. In Vedic Jyotish, Dasha is used to indicate the periods of Graha, Rashis or Nakshatra. Dasha is the name given to some periods, their sub-, sub-sub periods and so on, when the influence of particular Graha or Rashi will be at its peak on one’s life. All these periods are ruled by different Graha or Rashi. Each Dasha period has some standard rules and affects certain aspects of one’s life. Based on the Dasha system, the different chakras are being analyzed and results are attributed to different Dashas. Some Dasha systems are Graha based and some are Rashi based. The main period is termed as Mahadasha, its sub-period as Antardasha and its sub-sub period as Pratyantardasha. Further divisions are termed as Sookshmdasha. Different types of Dashas like Rashi based, Graha based, drigdasha, sudasha and so on will be discussed in detail in the upcoming sections of this book.

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Chapter 3: Rashis 3.1:

Introduction

We learnt in Chapter 1 that the 360° plane of Zodiac is divided in to twelve equal motional parts and these parts are termed as Rashis. Following are the twelve rashis: 1. Mesh or Aries 2. Vrash or Taurus 3. Mithun or Gemini 4. Kark or Cancer 5. Singh or Leo 6. Kanya or Virgo 7. Tula or Libra 8. Vrashchik or Scorpio 9. Dhanu or Sagittarius 10. Makar or Capricorn 11. Kumbh or Aquarius 12. Meen or Pisces These twelve rashis differ in their properties and their effects on all four forms of life (Jagrat, Swapna, Susupt and Turiya). Every Rashi has a 30° of span and rotates with an angular speed of 6° per Ghatee. A ghatee is a unit of time that represents 00°12’00” change between geocentric positions of Moon and Sun. One ghatee consists of 60 pals i.e. one pal is equal to 00°00’12” change between geocentric positions of Moon and Sun. A pal is further divided in to vipals. 60 vipals together constitutes one pal. So one vipal equals 00°00’0.2” change between geocentric positions of Moon and Sun. Other smaller units of time like Lav, Renu & Truti are also defined in Vedic Jyotish.

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3.2:

Classification of Rashis

Rashis are classified based on various factors. These classification of rashis is defined in this section.

3.2.1: Odd & Even Rashis 

Mesh, Mithun, Singh, Tula, Dhanu & Kumbh are odd rashis or visham rashis. They are also termed as male rashis.



Vrash, Kark, Kanya, Vrashchik, Makar & Meen are even rashis or sam rashis. They are also termed as female rashis.

If the Rashis occupied by Chandra and Lagna are odd then the person will be having more masculine characteristics. Whereas, if the Rashis occupied by Chandra and Lagna are even the person will be having more feminine characteristics.

3.2.2: Odd-Footed & Even-Footed Rashis 

Mesh, Vrash, Mithun, Tula, Vrashchik & Dhanu are odd footed or visham-pad rashis.



Kark, Singh, Kanya, Makar, Kumbh & Meen are even footed or sam-pad rashis.

This type of classification of Rashis is used in defining some Dashas.

3.2.3: Movable, Fixed & Dual (Char, Sthir & Dwiswabhav) 

Mesh, Kark, Tula and Makar are movable or Char rashis. Nature of these rashis is to move and to be dynamic.



Vrash, Singh, Vrashchik and Kumbh are fixed or Sthir rashis. Nature of these rashis is to be stable and constant.



Mithun, Kanya, Dhanu and Meen are dual or Dwiswabhav rashis. These rashis depict both dynamic and stable nature.

3.2.4: Five Elements According to Vedic philosophy and scriptures, every animated and unanimated thing in this vast universe is made up of five elements: a. b. c. d. e.

Fire (Agni) Water (Jal) Air (Vayu) Earth (Bhumi) Ether (Akash)

Everything in the physical & nonphysical creation is composed of these five elements. These are not the elements known in conventional sense for example Jal does not imply to the water that we use to drink or to take bathe. These are actually subtle conditions By Aseem Mehrotra

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which together create the subtle of forms. Jal has flexible state whereas air has a varying state. Bhumi is an element having stable and constant state. Agni transforms the states of the things. Akash is something that is present everywhere. Each living and non-living being in this vast universe maintains a special balance between these five elements to have a unified characteristics. The descriptions of these five basic elements are quite similar across Hindu, Buddhist, Greek & Roman philosophies. 

Mesh, Singh and Dhanu are Agni rashis.



Vrash, Kanya and Makar are Bhumi rashis.



Mithun, Tula & Kumbh are Vayu rashis.



Kark, Vrashchik and Meen are Jal rashis.



Akash is present in every rashi.

3.2.4.1: Agni Tatva Agni Tatva represents transformation of one form to another form. Agni Tatva is the fire of the kundalini energy. It is increased with the practice of Kundalini Yoga. This element burns our karmas and fears. Agni is an agent of healing and transformation. When fire is present it produces dynamic change and purification. Agni Tatva is the element that cleanses, transforms, warms and produces new aspects. Agni Tatva has the capability to transform every other element. Tatva Shakti Vigyaan says every atom in this universe is pervaded by fire and that’s why it is the one with great transforming abilities. According to Hindu rituals, dead bodies are burned which helps fast transformation of the elements with the help of fire and they are mixed into Mother Nature that is from where they arise. Fire element when in balanced state instills passion, creativity, motion, will power and sensuality in us. It is the Fire Element that can help you ward off the darkness in your life as its nature is brightness. Its inherent tendency is to rise, once you give it enough of air element to mingle with, it can break boundaries. When its level increases in our being, we get over emotional or agitated. It may lead to lot of weeping or excess of anger. The people who are suffering from depression usually lack fire element. In our body, organs like liver, kidney and mitochondria are influenced by Agni Tatva. 3.2.4.2: Jal Tatva Jal Tatva represents flexibility of states. Jal Tatva is the force of the kundalini energy. The pleasure associated with this element is phenomenal. The loss of energy that it entails is also proportional. All pleasures in this vast universe are associated with Jal Tatva. A balanced Jal Tatva in a human body, represents a life full of pleasurable experiences. Water element when more in one’s personality, makes the person emotional so much so that he/she may become a wet rag. But can we do without water! Certainly not. Just as we cannot live without love. Because water is love. Water is, the much By Aseem Mehrotra

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needed element so that things just don’t dry up. Water has the power to overcome obstacles and that too with integrity. The basic qualities of water are healing, purifying, soothing and loving. Imbalance in Jal Tatva causes various psychological and physiological ailments. Excess of water element can be a cause to depression, insomnia and various mental worries. Physical ailments like cracking joints, arthritis, muscle shrinkage, dehydration are also caused due to imbalanced Jal Tatva. 3.2.4.3: Vayu Tatva The Vayu Tatva is the vital force or “prana” in the body or of the kundalini energy. It produces the cells and precious seeds. It keeps all of the bodily organs active and healthy, and circulates the blood and other fluids throughout the body. Though we cannot see Vayu, we feel its touch. The main center of operation for the Vayu Tatva is the chest region which includes five principal organs and glands: lungs, heart, thymus, cell producing glands and the subsidiaries. At every moment, you are forming a connection with the element, as you breathe. With every incoming breath you take the air from the surroundings and then release it back in the surroundings. Air is the element that is forming a connection that is so direct and continuous with the universe. Sound is the manifestation of this element. The basic nature of this element is moving freely, so it infuses within freshness and intelligence. All the wind instruments connect you to the element. It has a projective energy within and instills the same when you create a bond with it. The air element rituals help you in your different travelling endeavors as is the nature of it. Our winged friends are the one that are most connected to this aspect of air element. As the element naturally explores every regions it finds access to, it reveals a creative aspect too. 3.2.4.4: Bhumi Tatva Bhumi or Earth, as the name suggests, represents solidity. Our physical body, that is the foundation of our existence in the material world, is direct expression of Bhumi Tatva. Ancient texts suggest that Goddesses were associated to fertility, earth and agriculture. “Cybele” is the Phrygian Goddess, “Gaia” is the Greek Goddess, and “Hathor” an Egyptian Goddess, all suggest worship of Earth as Mother or Female Goddess. In Rig Veda the female divine power is called “Maimata” which literally means Mother Earth. Bhumi Tatva represents the characteristics like patience, fertility, nurturing, stability, steadiness and security. The Bhumi Tatva in its refined form instils these characteristics in us. A person with strong Bhumi Tatva is a responsible, reliable, steady and stable person. Earth person has a conventional attitude, likes the traditional and dislikes the modern. They are excellent organizers and builders. They work for results and know how to produce results. They are hardworking and logical thinkers. When the Earth element By Aseem Mehrotra

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gets imbalanced, a person becomes rigid, stubborn, obsessive, lazy and dull. The foundation of the physical structure of the body – bones, skin, flesh, teeth & marrow – originate from this physical element of earth. 3.2.4.5: Akash Tatva Akash Tatva is an infinite Tatva with no limits. When connected to this Tatva it brings out real inner nature of our self. It makes us more aware, peaceful and complete. It starts our inner journey and also marks its end. Space is an all pervading energy. When Akash Tatva is dominant, a person becomes spiritual, happy and carefree. The imbalance in Akash Tatva, that when there is decrease in this Tatva, the person becomes close and introvert & filled with stress and anxiety. The chief center of operation of the Akash Tatva is the throat – the space between the collar-bone and the nape of the neck. This is the region which comprises the following principal glands: thyroid, parathyroid, salivary, and tonsils.

3.2.5: Pitta, Vaata & Kapha Vedic medical system (Ayurveda) recognizes everything in the universe as having three natures that are formed with the Pancha Mahabhuta (five basic elements: Agni, Jal, Vayu, Bhumi and Akash). Pitta is a combination of Agni & Jal. It represents the things that results in transformation. For example, in living beings it is associated with digestive system that transforms food in to energy. Mesh, Singh and Dhanu are Pitta rashis. Vaata is a combination of Vayu & Akash. It represents the things that move in & out of a system. For example, in living beings it is associated with respiration system that takes in the oxygen and emits carbon dioxide. Vrash, Kanya and Makar are Vaata rashis. Kapha is a combination of Bhumi & Jal. It represents the things that bind in a system together. For example, in living beings it is associated with bones, muscles, fat etc. Kark, Vrashchik and Meen are Kapha rashis. Mithun, Tula and Kumbh are rashis of mixed nature.

3.2.6: Sattwa, Rajas and Tamas According to Vedic scriptures, everything in this vast universe portrays three qualities. These qualities are termed as Guna or Triguna. These Triguna are: a. Sattwa (Purity) b. Rajas (Energy) c. Tamas (Darkness)

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Joy, satisfaction, nobility, enlightenment, happiness, absence of meanness, absence of fear, satisfaction, faith, forgiveness, courage, abstention from injuring any creature, equability, truth, straightforwardness, purity, cleverness, skill, confidence, modesty, forgiveness, renunciation, absence of anger, absence of hatred, absence of laziness, absence of cruelty, absence of misbelief, absence of the disposition to calumniate, compassion to all creatures, exultation, satisfaction, rapture, humility, good behavior, peacefulness, righteous understanding, indifference, complete renunciation - these are some qualities associated with Sattwa Guna. Kark, Singh, Dhanu and Meen rashis are associated with Sattwa Guna. Beauty, labor, pleasure, lordship, war, arguments, dissatisfaction, endurance, might, courage, pride, wrath, exertion, quarrel, jealousy, desire, hatred, battle, protection of others, slaughter, bonds, affliction, buying and selling, violence, cruelty, vilifying, pointing out the faults of others, thoughts entirely devoted to worldly affairs, anxiety, animosity, insulting others, false speech, arrogance of speech, praise and criticisms, skill, defiance, obedience, service, cleverness, possessions, diverse acts of public charity, study, auspicious acts, the wish to have this and that, affection generated by the merits of the object for which or whom it is felt, treachery, deception, theft, killing, desire of concealment, vexation, wakefulness, affectation, arrogance, attachment, devotion, contentment, exultation, gambling, all relations arising out of women, attachment to dancing, instrumental music and songs – these are some qualities associated with Rajas Guna. Mesh, Vrash, Tula and Vrashchik rashis are associated with Rajas Guna. Complete delusion, ignorance, illiberality, indecision in respect of action, sleep, self-importance, fear, cupidity, grief, criticism of good acts, loss of memory, absence of faith, violation of all rules of conduct, want of discrimination, blindness, vileness of behavior, boastful assertions of performance when there has been no performance, presumption of knowledge in ignorance, unfriendliness, hostility, evilness of disposition, absence of faith, stupid reasoning, crookedness, incapacity for association, sinful action, senselessness, stolidity, lassitude, absence of self-control, degradation – these are some qualities associated with Tamas Guna. Mithun, Kanya, Makar and Kumbh rashis are associated with Tamas Guna.

3.2.7: Rashis and Directions 

Mesh, Singh and Dhanu rashis are associated with East.



Vrash, Kanya and Makar rashis are associated with South.



Mithun, Tula and Kumbh rashis are associated with West.



Kark, Vrashchik and Meen rashis are associated with North.

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3.2.8: Rashis and Colors 

Mesh is associated with blood red color.



Vrash is associated with white color.



Mithun is associated with grass green color.



Cancer is associated with pale red color.



Singh is associated with white color.



Kanya is multi-colored.



Tula is associated with black color.



Vrashchik is associated with reddish brown color.



Dhanu is associated with the color of husk of grass.



Makar is multi-colored.



Kumbh is associated with mango brown color.



Meen is associated with cream color.

3.2.9: Day and Night (Diva & Nisha) Rashis 

Mesh, Vrash, Mithun, Kark, Dhanu and Makar are Nisha rashis. These are strong during the night time.



Singh, Kanya, Tula, Vrashchik, Kumbh and Meen are Diva rashis. These are strong during the day time. Summary of Rashis Classification Odd/ MobilFooted Lord Even ity Odd Odd Char Mangal Even Odd Sthir Shukra

Nature Pitta Vaata

Mithun

Odd

Odd

Dwi

Mixed

Kark

Even

Even

Char

Singh Kanya Tula Vrashchik

Odd Even Odd

Even Even Odd

Sthir Dwi Char

Chandra Surya Budh Shukra

Even

Odd

Sthir

Dhanu

Odd

Odd

Makar

Even

Kumbh Meen

Rashi Mesh Vrash

Rajas Rajas

Direction East South

Tamas

West

Kapha Sattwa

North

Pale Red

Pitta Vaata Mixed

Sattwa Tamas Rajas

East South West

Mangal

Kapha

Rajas

North

Dwi

Guru

Pitta

Sattwa

East

Even

Char

Shani

Vaata

Tamas

South

Odd

Even

Sthir

Shani

Mixed

Tamas

West

Even

Even

Dwi

Guru

Kapha Sattwa

North

White Multi Black Reddish Brown Grass Husk Multi Mango Brown Cream

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Budh

Guna

Color Blood Red White Grass Green

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3.3:

Indications of Rashis

Mesh: Active, dynamic, independent, ambitious, pioneering, enterprising, adventurous, selfconfident, frank, outspoken, straightforward, self-referral, courageous, enthusiastic, restless, impatient, impulsive, passionate, always fond of new projects and adventures, travels much, well-informed, ingenious, capable of holding command in executive positions, liberal in gifts, somewhat dogmatic in his opinion, associated with forehead & eyebrows, lean, tall. Vrash: Practical, stable, of fixed views, determined, persistent, steady going but somewhat stubborn, strong-willed, patient, enduring, faithful, reliable, loyal, reserved, secretive, conservative, beautiful, ambitious for power yet social and loving, hardworking, ever smiling but very diplomatic, fond of domestic comforts and possessions, businessman, fond of enjoyment, love, art & beauty, associated with teeth, eyes, hair & courage. Mithun: Communicative, ingenious, intellectual, giving and gaining knowledge, teaching, journalism, public speaking, public relations, well informed, exposing himself to various sources of information, clever, inventive, very skilled, progressive, argumentative, good speaker, logical but not always consistent, changeable on the level of thinking, adaptive, flexible, versatile, loves jokes, quick-witted, curious, engaged in two or more pursuits at the same time, loving diversity in all spheres of life, associated with chest, cheeks & hair, tall, well-build. Kark: Hardworking, active, soft-hearted, protective, motherly, sympathetic, honest, subtle, intuitive, good memory, impressionable, moody, of fertile imagination, romantic, changeable on the level of emotions, timid at one time and courageous at another, attached to home but also fond of travelling, inclined to public life, diplomatic, conventional, discrete, magnetic, hospitable, good business instinct, good cooking skills, tradesman, collecting various articles, fond of rivers, canals & other watery areas, associated with heart, breast & watery areas in body. Singh: Royal, dignified, has leading capacity, excellent organizing power, manager, director, fatherly, possesses natural wisdom, brilliant, philosophical, somewhat rigid, conscientious, independent, self-confident, self-willed, ambitious, focused, dynamic, strong sense of individuality & universality, loves freedom, fearless, frank, outspoken, cheerful, good-natured, helpful to mankind, warm-hearted, generous, spending lavishly, fond of

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admiration, having great hopes, feeling for art, fond of mountains, forests, caves & desert like places, associated with equipment, associated with digestive system, stomach and navel area. Kanya: Analytical, practical, result-oriented, perfectionist, critical, discriminating, logical, methodical, orderly, systematic, efficient, economical, modest, prudent, acting with forethought, good planner, good orator, good farmer, thoughtful, ingenious, industrious, good inspector, loves details, good in service, good business instinct, fond of learning, fond of science, medicine & hygiene, fond of books, physically weak & nervous, associated with hips & appendix. Tula: Sympathetic, co-operative, sociable, good in public relations, of sound judgment, diplomatic, intuitive, inspirational, constructive, creative, dynamic, good organizer, good power of concentration, intellectual, adaptable, polite, charming, of pleasant nature, affectionate, popular among friends, has strong conjugal affection, loves comforts and conveyances, fond of beauty, art & music, fond of dress, perfumes & ornaments, associated with groins, associated with business, banks, trade centers entertainment and cosmetics. Vrashchik: Focused, concentrated, of strong will power, self-made, passionate, with strong likes and dislikes, unyielding, uncompromising, of penetrating mind, hard to influence, powerful, forceful, invincible, dominating, sensitive, ready to confront any opposition or obstacle on his way, of fixed views, faithful, of subtle mind, complex moods, fertile imagination, sharp, keen, cunning, good detective, interested in mysterious studies, solving the mysteries of life, concerned with his own work only, associated with private parts, fond of deep caves & mines. Dhanu: Goal-oriented, optimistic, idealistic, aspiring to bring heaven on earth, ambitious, progressive, expanding, restless for evolution, impulsive and somewhat aggressive, not timid at all, great self-confidence, bold, frank, outspoken, impartial, generous, cheerful, looking at the bright side of life, friendly, enthusiastic, energetic, fond of outdoor sports and recreations, loves to travel, inclined to law, medicine, religion and philosophy, has a tendency to prophecy, related to government affairs & aircrafts, associated with thighs. Makar: Practical, methodical, systematic, scientific, reasonable, philosophical but result-oriented, ambitious, self-willed, persevering, hardworking, productive, abounding in speech, rising to the top, good organizing power, possessing dignity and self-esteem, reserved, serious, patient, tolerant, circumspect, prudent, thoughtful, conservative, has By Aseem Mehrotra

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much mental ingenuity, of fertile imagination, good business instinct, down to earth, not depending on the promises of others, related to marsh, watery places & aquatic life, associated with knees. Kumbh: Serious deep thinker, contemplative, socially conscious, humane, loves charity, principled, persevering, of high morals, religious, philosophical, aiming at reformation but also conservative, reserved, self-controlled, intellectual, intuitive, holistically scientific, good reasoning ability, clear headed, capable of dealing with facts, good researcher, blessed with new and fresh ideas, inventive, altruistic, unselfish, impersonal, happy disposition, brotherly, friendly, has many friends, loves penance, associated with ankles. Meen: Compassionate, affectionate, charitable, kind, loving, romantic, passionate, hospitable, true to friends, sensitive, intuitive, sincere, honest, optimistic, versatile, lazy, somewhat carried away by fancy, moody, keeps hopes on other's promises, somewhat lacking in self-confidence, indecisive, emotional, psychic, has supernormal perceptions, inspirational, mystical, mysterious, spiritual, holistic, loves occult studies and poetry, peaceful, not harming anyone, mild, easy going, over-liberal, philosophical, sensing the unity amidst all diversity, fond of oceans & seas, related to hospitals, prisons & hermitages, associated with feet.

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Chapter 4: Graha 4.1:

Introduction

We learnt in Chapter 1 about the Graha. Let us revise what we learnt earlier. In total seven heavenly bodies in our solar system have their effects on Earth’s life: 

Sun (Surya)



Moon (Chandra or Som)



Mercury (Budh)



Venus (Shukra)



Mars (Mangal)



Jupiter (Guru or Brihaspati)



Saturn (Shani)

In addition to these seven physical objects, two shadows affect the life on Earth on a significant level: 

Rahu (Northern Node of Orbit of the Moon)



Ketu (Southern Node of Orbit of the Moon)

Rahu and Ketu represents the points where the orbit of moon around earth cuts the orbit of earth around sun. These nine celestial objects in Jyotish are termed as Graha.

4.2:

Classification and Characteristics

Grahas can be classified based on various factors. These factors are discussed in this section.

4.2.1: Benefic (Shubha) & Malefic (Paap) 

Guru and Shukra are Shubha graha. Budh becomes benefic when sitting alone or with more natural benefic. Waxing moon (Shukla Paksha Chandra) is benefic.



Surya, Shani, Mangal, Rahu & Ketu are Paap graha. Budh becomes malefic when is joined by malefic graha. Waning moon (Krishna Paksha Chandra) is malefic.

Results given by graha are based on their basic Shubha or Paap nature.

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4.2.2: Main Governance Surya governs soul (Aatma, आ मा). Chandra governs mind (Buddhi, बुिद्ध). Mangal governs strength (Shakti, शिक्त). Budh governs speech (Vani, वाणी). Guru governs knowledge & happiness (Gyaan & Prasannta, ज्ञान & प्रस नता). Shukra governs potency (Janan Chamta, जनन-क्षमता). Shani governs grief (Shok, शोक).

4.2.3: Graha & Colors 

Surya is associated with blood red color.



Chandra is associated with tawny color.



Mangal is associated with blood red color.



Budh is associated with grass green color.



Guru is associated with tawny color.



Shukra is multi-colored.



Shani is associated with black color.



Rahu & Ketu are associated with black color.

4.2.4: Gender of Graha 

Surya, Mangal & Guru are male planets.



Chandra & Shukra are female planets.



Shani & Budh are impotent planets.

This information, for example can be utilized to predict the sex of the child in one’s Lagna Kundli. If the house ruling the first child is influenced by Chandra, Shukra or female rashis then a daughter can be predicted.

4.2.5: Pancha Mahabhuta 

Agni is ruled by Mangal & Surya.



Bhumi is ruled by Budh.



Vayu is ruled by Shani.



Akash is ruled by Guru.



Jal is ruled by Chandra & Shukra.

These ruler-ships throw light on basic nature of Graha. Being fiery graha, Mangal and Surya govern leadership, entrepreneurship etc. Being an earthy graha Budh governs memory, logical ability etc. Being an aery graha, Shani governs a free spirit. Being watery graha, Chandra & Shukra govern imaginative & creative work. Being an ethery graha, Guru governs wisdom, intelligence & perceiving knowledge.

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4.2.6: Sattwa, Rajas and Tamas According to Vedic scriptures, everything in this vast universe portrays three qualities. These qualities are termed as Guna or Triguna. These Triguna are: a. Sattwa (Purity) b. Rajas (Energy) c. Tamas (Darkness) Joy, satisfaction, nobility, enlightenment, happiness, absence of meanness, absence of fear, satisfaction, faith, forgiveness, courage, abstention from injuring any creature, equability, truth, straightforwardness, purity, cleverness, skill, confidence, modesty, forgiveness, renunciation, absence of anger, absence of hatred, absence of laziness, absence of cruelty, absence of misbelief, absence of the disposition to calumniate, compassion to all creatures, exultation, satisfaction, rapture, humility, good behavior, peacefulness, righteous understanding, indifference, complete renunciation - these are some qualities associated with Sattwa Guna. Surya, Chandra and Guru are associated with Sattwa Guna. Beauty, labor, pleasure, lordship, war, arguments, dissatisfaction, endurance, might, courage, pride, wrath, exertion, quarrel, jealousy, desire, hatred, battle, protection of others, slaughter, bonds, affliction, buying and selling, violence, cruelty, vilifying, pointing out the faults of others, thoughts entirely devoted to worldly affairs, anxiety, animosity, insulting others, false speech, arrogance of speech, praise and criticisms, skill, defiance, obedience, service, cleverness, possessions, diverse acts of public charity, study, auspicious acts, the wish to have this and that, affection generated by the merits of the object for which or whom it is felt, treachery, deception, theft, killing, desire of concealment, vexation, wakefulness, affectation, arrogance, attachment, devotion, contentment, exultation, gambling, all relations arising out of women, attachment to dancing, instrumental music and songs – these are some qualities associated with Rajas Guna. Budh and Shukra are associated with Rajas Guna. Complete delusion, ignorance, illiberality, indecision in respect of action, sleep, self-importance, fear, cupidity, grief, criticism of good acts, loss of memory, absence of faith, violation of all rules of conduct, want of discrimination, blindness, vileness of behavior, boastful assertions of performance when there has been no performance, presumption of knowledge in ignorance, unfriendliness, hostility, evilness of disposition, absence of faith, stupid reasoning, crookedness, incapacity for association, sinful action, senselessness, stolidity, lassitude, absence of self-control, degradation – these are some qualities associated with Tamas Guna. Mangal and Shani are associated with Tamas Guna.

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4.2.7: Sapta Dhatu Dhatu (धात)ु is a Sanskrit word. Meaning of Dhatu is constituent part. Sapta Dhatu means seven constituent parts of Human body. According to Ayurveda, seven fundamental elements supports the basic structure and functioning of body of any living being. These consist of: 

Rasa Dhatu (Lymph):

Budh rules Rasa Dhatu.



Rakta Dhatu (Blood):

Chandra rules Rakta Dhatu.



Mamsa Dhatu (Muscles): Shani rules Mamsa Dhatu.



Medha Dhatu (Fat):

Guru rules Medha Dhatu.



Asthi Dhatu (Bones):

Surya rules Asthi Dhatu.



Majja Dhatu (Marrow):

Mangal rules Majja Dhatu.



Shukra Dhatu (Semen):

Shukra rules Shukra Dhatu.

Affliction and weakness of Graha directly effects the Sapta Dhatu. This classification of planets is useful in treatment of diseases. This makes the basic principal in Ayurvedic Pharmaceuticals & Treatments.

4.3:

Planetary Dignities

Each planet or graha has a Rashi where it is exalted (Uccha), a Rashi where it is debilitated (Neecha), a Rashi that is called its Mooltrikona and one or two Rashis that are owned by it. A graha is strong in its own Rashi or Uccha Rashi or Mooltrikona. Graha

Own Rashi

Uccha Rashi (Deep Exaltation Point)

Neecha Rashi (Deep Debilitation Point)

Mooltrikona Rashi

Surya

Singh Kark

Mangal Budh

Mesh & Vrashchik Mithun & Kanya

Guru

Dhanu & Meen

Shukra

Vrash & Tula

Shani

Makar & Kumbh

Rahu

Kumbh

Ketu

Vrashchik

Tula (10° of Tula) Vrashchik (3° of Vrashchik) Kark (28° of Kark) Meen (15° of Meen) Makar (5° of Makar) Kanya (27° of Kanya) Mesh (20° of Mesh) Vrashchik/ Dhanu Vrash/ Mithun

Singh

Chandra

Mesh (10° of Mesh) Vrash (3° of Vrash) Makar (28° of Makar) Kanya (15° of Kanya) Kark (5° of Kark)

By Aseem Mehrotra

Meen (27° of Meen) Tula (20° of Tula) Vrash/ Mithun Vrashchik/ Dhanu

Vrash Mesh Kanya Dhanu Tula Kumbh Kanya Meen

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Notes: 

Surya is termed to be in Mooltrikona from 0° to 20° of Singh and is termed to be in its own rashi in the remaining 10° of Singh.



Chandra is termed to be in Uccha from 0° to 3° of Vrash and is termed to be Mooltrikona in the remaining 27° of Vrash.



Mangal is termed to be in Mooltrikona from 0° to 12° of Mesh and is termed to be in its own rashi in the remaining 18° of Mesh.



Budh is termed to be in Uccha from 0° to 15° of Kanya, is termed to be in Mooltrikona from 15° to 20° of Kanya and is termed to be in its own rashi in the remaining 10° of Kanya.



Guru is termed to be in Mooltrikona from 0° to 10° of Dhanu and is termed to be in its own rashi in the remaining 20° of Dhanu.



Shukra is termed to be in Mooltrikona from 0° to 15° of Tula and is termed to be in its own rashi in the remaining 15° of Tula.



Shani is termed to be in Mooltrikona from 0° to 20° of Kumbh and is termed to be in its own rashi in the remaining 10° of Kumbh.



Uccha & Neecha rashis for Rahu & Ketu is debatable. Some Jyotishis supports Vrash & Vrashchik combination while others support Mithun & Dhanu combination.

4.3:

Planetary Relationships

Planetary relationships are mainly of three types: 1. Mitra 2. Sam 3. Shatru Lord of the rashi where a particular graha is exalted is its friend (Mitra). Lords of 2nd, 4th, 5th, 8th, 9th & 12th rashis from its Mooltrikona rashi are also its friends. Lords of other rashis are its enemies (Shatru). If a graha becomes Mitra & Shatru on account of owing two rashis then it is termed as neutral (Sam) graha.

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Graha Surya Chandra Mangal Budh Guru Shukra Shani

Mitra Graha Chandra, Mangal, Guru Surya, Budh Surya, Chandra, Guru Surya, Shukra Surya, Chandra, Mangal Budh, Shani Budh, Shukra

Sam Graha Budh

Shatru Graha Shukra, Shani

Mangal, Guru, Shukra, Shani Shukra, Shani

--

Mangal, Guru, Shani Shani

Chandra

Mangal, Guru Guru

Surya, Chandra Surya, Chandra, Mangal

Budh

Budh, Shukra

In addition to the above relationships, Graha occupying 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 10th, 11th & 12th rashis in any chart are termed as temporary friends (Mitra) while Graha occupying other rashis are termed as temporary enemies (Shatru). Based on permanent relationship (shown in table above) and temporary relationships, compound relationships are derived. Permanent Friend Permanent Neutral Permanent Enemy

4.4:

Temporary Friend Adhimitra Mitra Sam

Temporary Enemy Sam Shatru Adhishatru

Planetary Aspects (Graha Drishti)

Planetary aspects is a very significant element of Vedic Jyotish. Each planetary aspect can impact diverse domains of your life in a certain manner depending on the positions they mutually form between themselves. Dominance & strength of aspect of a planet on to the other depends upon following factors: a. Position of planets involved (i.e. rashis & nakshatras they occupy) b. Bhava they occupy like Trikona, Kendra etc. (Bhavas are explained in detail in next chapter) More powerful graha will have a superior & dominant aspect. Every graha aspects the bhava it is occupying and the bhava opposite (7th position) from it. In addition Shani, Guru, Mangal, Rahu & Ketu have additional aspects: By Aseem Mehrotra

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Planet Surya Chandra Mangal Budh Guru Shukra Shani Rahu Ketu

Aspect 1, 7 1, 7 1, 4, 7, 8 1, 7 1, 5, 7, 9 1, 7 1, 3, 7, 10 1, 3, 7, 10 1, 4, 7, 8

For example, if Mangal is occupying Taurus in third bhava then its aspects will be: a. b. c. d.

Third Bhava (Taurus) Sixth Bhava (Leo) Ninth Bhava (Scorpion) Tenth Bhava (Sagittarius)

These aspects will influence following three elements of a Kundli: a. Bhava b. Rashi c. Graha

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Chapter 5: Bhava 5.1:

Introduction

Bhava, a Sanskrit word (which means state or condition), is a term in Jyotish denoting the zodiacal division of the sky. As discussed in section 1.5 of this book, to calculate the geocentric positions of graha the 360° sky is divided in to twelve equal non-motional parts (each of 30°) known as Bhava or House. Each bhava has its own significance and associated with different aspects of life.

2nd House 3rd House

12th House 1st House

4th House 5th House

10th House 7th House

6th House

11th House

9th House 8th House

Matters signified by bhava house depends on the chart which we are studying. For example, 4th bhava or house in Chandra Kundli and Lagna Kundli denotes different aspects of life. In the similar manner bhava represents different aspects of life in different divisional charts (refer Chapter 7 of the same book for Divisional Charts).

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5.2:

Bhava Significance

Each Bhava in a chart has its own significance & effect on the life of a living being. Importance & area of effectiveness of each Bhava is explained in detail under this section.

5.2.1: 1st Bhava (1st Astrological House): The first house in a Lagna Chart is the House of Self. The main areas of effectiveness include: 1. Self-awareness 2. Physical appearance 3. Personality 4. Personal views on Life 5. Self-identity 6. First impressions 7. Leadership qualities 8. Start-ups & Beginnings 9. Complexion 10. Strength & Energy

5.2.2: 2nd Bhava (2nd Astrological House) The second house in a Lagna Chart is the House of Materialistic Value. The main areas of effectiveness include: 1. Vehicles 2. Movable Property 3. Clothing 4. Investments & Securities 5. Wealth & Assets 6. Hidden Talents 7. Self Esteem 8. Senses (taste, smell, sound, touch, sights) 9. Family Values 10. Family Ties

5.2.3: 3rd Bhava (3rd Astrological House): The third house in a Lagna Chart is the House of Communication. The main areas of effectiveness include: By Aseem Mehrotra

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1. Communication Skills 2. Creativity & Early Education 3. Siblings 4. Courage 5. Mental Strength 6. Thinking 7. Gadgets & Devices 8. Neighborhoods 9. Travels 10. Community Affairs

5.2.4: 4th Bhava (4th Astrological House): The fourth house in a Lagna Chart is the House of Foundation. The main areas of effectiveness include: 1. Family 2. Land & House 3. Relationship with Father/ Mother (Astrologers have differences in views on Father or Mother) 4. Wealth 5. Previous Birth 6. Conditions at End of Life 7. Emotions & Emotional Security 8. Happiness 9. Comforts & Pleasures 10. Peace & State of Mind

5.2.5: 5th Bhava (5th Astrological House): The fifth house in a Lagna Chart is the House of Pleasure. The main areas of effectiveness include: 1. Creativity 2. Romance, Dating & Love Affairs 3. Children 4. Hobbies 5. Fate in Gambling 6. Fun & Sports 7. Luxurious Travels 8. Authority & Power 9. Self-expressions 10. Deeds of Previous & Present Life Karmas By Aseem Mehrotra

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5.2.6: 6th Bhava (6th Astrological House): The sixth house in a Lagna Chart is the House of Health & Enemies. The main areas of effectiveness include: 1. Enemies & Mental Tensions created by enemies 2. Fitness 3. Diet & Exercise 4. Natural & Healthy Living 5. Physical Sickness (diseases), Injuries (including accidents) & Ability to Work 6. Personal Hygiene 7. Response to Everyday Crises 8. Quality of Daily Work 9. Selfless Service to Others 10. Schedules & Routines

5.2.7: 7th Bhava (7th Astrological House): The seventh house in a Lagna Chart is the House of Partnership. The main areas of effectiveness include: 1. Marriage & Marital Life 2. Passion for Sex 3. Business (professional) partnership 4. Relationship associated Matters 5. Contracts & Business Deals 6. Marital & Business related Law Suits 7. Long Journeys 8. Divorce & Other Marriage related Issues 9. Quarrels 10. Co-operative Relationships

5.2.8: 8th Bhava (8th Astrological house): The eighth house in a Lagna Chart is the House of Mysteries. The main areas of effectiveness include: 1. Birth & Death 2. Reincarnation & Next Life 3. Act of Sex 4. Occult Ability 5. Wills & Legacies 6. Hidden Energies 7. Secrets of Own Life 8. Unearned Wealth & Windfall Gains (including Gifts) By Aseem Mehrotra

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9. Loss of Friends 10. Longevity

5.2.9: 9th Bhava (9th Astrological House): The ninth house in a Lagna Chart is the House of Fortune. The main areas of effectiveness include: 1. International & Long Distance Travels 2. Higher Education 3. Fortune in Gambling 4. Ceremonies & Rituals 5. Visions & Dreams 6. Ethics & Morals 7. Foreign Languages 8. Optimism & Inspiration 9. Adventure in Life 10. Religion & Philosophy

5.2.10:10th Bhava (10th Astrological House): The tenth house in a Lagna Chart is the House of Status. The main areas of effectiveness include: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Achievements Public Image Awards & Recognitions Career Path Fame & Honors Relationship with Father/ Mother (Astrologers have differences in views on Father or Mother) 7. Growth in Profession 8. Conduct in Society 9. Prestige & Reputation 10. Financial Success

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5.2.11:11th Bhava (11th Astrological House): The eleventh house in a Lagna Chart is the House of Social-Life & Gains. The main areas of effectiveness include: 1. Community & Friends 2. Goals, Hopes & Ambitions 3. Social Groups 4. Associations 5. Friendship 6. Humanitarian Interests & Services 7. Sudden Gains 8. Liberty 9. Legislations & Regulations 10. Income

5.2.12:12th Bhava (12th Astrological House): The twelfth house in a Lagna Chart is the House of Liberation & Subconscious. The main areas of effectiveness include: 1. Unconscious Mind & Subconscious Memory 2. Mental Illness 3. Spiritual Realization 4. Financial Losses 5. Hidden Enemies 6. Prison Experience 7. Hospitalization 8. Places of Confinement in Physical World 9. Karmic Debts 10. Murders & Suicides

5.3:

Significance of Bhavas in Human Body

In addition to house significance described I previous sections, the Bhavas can be used is Medical Field (Ayurveda). Each Bhava has its own effect on some part(s) of Human Body as detailed below: 1st Bhava: Head, Mind, Face & Complexion 2nd Bhava: Speech, Eyes (specifically right eye) & Mouth 3rd Bhava: Throat, Ears & Arms 4th Bhava: Heart, Arteries, Veins & Blood By Aseem Mehrotra

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5th Bhava: Stomach & other parts included in Digestive system (like liver, gallbladder etc.) 6th Bhava: Hips & Lower Back 7th Bhava: Portion of body below Navel 8th Bhava: Genitals 9th Bhava: Thighs 10th Bhava: Knees 11th Bhava: Ankles 12th Bhava: Feet & Eyes (specifically left eye) Based on the Graha & Rashi in the Bhava, its effect on Human body & remedy can be judged.

5.4: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Special Category of Bhava The 1st, 5th & 9th Bhavas are known as “kona”, or “trikona”. The 1st, 4th, 7th & 10th Bhavas are called “kendra”. The 2nd, 5th, 8th & 11th Bhavas are known as “panaphara”. The 3rd, 6th, 9th & 12th Bhavas are called “apoklima”. The 3rd, 6th, 10th & 11th Bhavas are known as “upachaya”. The 6th, 8th & 12th Bhavas are called “dushta”.

5.4.1: Trikona Trikona rules prosperity. These Bhavas are beneficial to the reference. They bring prosperity and well-being. Dharma, Karma, Artha, Kama & Moksha are 5 main aspects of human life. Dharma is shown by Trikona from the 1st Bhava i.e. 1st, 5th & 9th Bhavas. These three show prosperity & intelligence of self. These three are known as Dharma Trikonas. Trikona from 3rd Bhava i.e. 3rd, 7th & 11th Bhavas, are called Karma Trikona. This trikona governs one’s desires & the path to achieve those desires. Trikona from 2nd Bhava i.e. 2nd, 6th & 10th Bhavas, are called Artha Trikona. These three Bhavas govern money related material, the third aspect of human life.

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Trikona from 7th Bhava i.e. 7th, 11th & 3rd Bhavas, are called Kama Trikona that governs the fourth aspect of human life. Luxury, gains, sex & persistence are being studied by this Trikona. Trikona from 4th Bhava i.e. 4th, 8th & 12th Bhavas, are called Moksha Trikona. This Trikona governs the liberation of one’s soul from the humanly desires & deeds. Spiritual awakening deep inside one’s inner soul is being studied with this Trikona.

5.4.2: Kendra The 1st, 4th, 7th & 10th Bhavas in an astrological chart are called Kendra. These are auspicious houses of the chart. These houses govern stability, sustainability, security & savings in one’s lifetime. The complete kendra are like chain process as the native born with his basic trait and personality - the range of happiness and luxury he can attain -the life partners contribution - the professional overview all comes under the kendra Bhavas. Hence, the Kendra plays an important role in the native’s personal and professional life. More than 60% of the life of an individual is judged through the Kendra. No Graha in Kendra represents the sinful deeds in the previous life. While all the 9 celestial objects in 4 Bhavas of Kendra represent a very auspicious yoga named Kamal Yoga. The fortune of an individual is directly proportional to the number of Graha in Kendra Bhavas. The more Graha in Kendra makes the individual more fortunate.

5.4.3: Panaphara Panaphara (money related), is a distorted pronunciation of 'Pana-para'. 'Pana' means the old copper coin & 'para' means 'about' or 'related'. Thus Panaphara means money related or wealth related. 2nd house represents wealth (materialistic values); 5th is the house of Pleasures; 8th is for the house of mysteries that governs wills & legacies. 11th house rules profits & income. So all these houses are essentially related to money and that is why the word Panaphara.

5.4.4: Apoklima The literal meaning of Apoklima is “to decline” or “to fall”. These are the weakest house placements. 3rd house represents communication and networking with others or the loss of one's private inner life. 6th house represents conflicts and loss of relationships. 12th house represents debts, expenses, isolation, and illnesses because it represents the 'losses' of the self. The 9th house is the strongest and almost an exception. It is the house of spiritual practice & fortunes. It signifies expansion of the mind. Yet the 9th house can bring loss of or loss to career related matters though it is good for financial gains.

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5.4.5: Upachaya Literal meaning of Upachaya is “growth”. These Bhavas improve their results over time. As the time passes, the Graha in these houses become stronger. These houses are being studied for material prosperity. Finance related matters are observed through 2nd, 6th, and 10th Bhavas, and desire is observed through 3rd, 7th, and 11th Bhavas. These six Bhavas are related to a person’s material gains. However, 2nd and 7th are still not considered under this category and are being debated by astrologers to include in Upachaya houses. Most astrologers consider 3rd, 6th, 10th & 11th as “Upachaya” Bhavas.

5.4.6: Dushta Dushta represent forces causing setbacks to the matters signified by it. 6th, 8th & 12th Bhavas are termed as Dushta bhavas. If these houses are afflicted by malefic planets (Graha), these create serious obstacles in the life of the person. 6th house represents conflicts and loss of relationships. 8th house is the house of death & loss of relationships (especially friends). 12th house is the house of losses & misfortunes.

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Chapter 6: Special Lagna A lagna or ascendant, is the degree of Rashi rising on the eastern horizon at a certain known time. The Most Effective Point (MEP) of the Ascendant (Lagna), is that point of the zodiacal belt that coincides with the position of the horizon at that time. In this section of the book, we will try to understand different types of lagna.

6.1:

Bhava Lagna

Bhava Lagna is a very significant fragment of Vedic Jyotish. It helps in evaluating the energies of diverse fragments of life. In addition, it also tells about the key personality & character traits of a person. Bhava lagna is calculated with the help of following factors: a. Rashi in which Sun is present at the time of Sunrise b. Angular Speed of rotation of Rashis (=6°0’0” per ghatee) As factor b (Angular speed of Rashis) is constant, so Bhava Lagna is predicted only on the basis of Rashi in which Sun is present at the time of Sunrise. In other words, sunrise time can be predicted when the Bhava Lagna coincides with the geocentric position of Sun. If Sunrise time in New Delhi is 6:00 AM, then it means the geocentric position of Sun coincides with the Bhava Lagna at 6:00 AM. The Lagna changes at the same rate as of Rashis angular speed i.e. a complete change of 6° in a ghatee. Let us understand this concept with following example: A woman was born at 01:31 PM. Sunrise at her birthplace was at 7:00 AM on her date of birth and Sun was at 29°37’0” in Scorpion at the time of Sunrise. What should be her Bhava Lagna? If we assume sunrise to sunrise time as 24 hours (actually it is not), then 60 ghatee will be approximately equal to 24 hours. To understand the concept of Bhava Lagna let us take this conversion of time as valid. We know that Lagna travels at an angular speed of 6°0’0” per ghatee. Difference in time of sunrise and her time of birth is 6 Hours 31 Minutes. This time difference is approximately equals 16.29 ghatee. This means Bhava Lagna from sunrise time travelled 97.75° (97°45’0”). At the time of Sunrise, Bhava Lagna coincides with Sun geocentric position. So at her time of birth Bhava Lagna is 29°37’0” Scorpion + 97°45’0”= 7°22’0” Pisces By Aseem Mehrotra

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As our assumption of time conversion is 60 ghatee equals 24 hours (which is not true), so there is a difference in result from the actual Bhava Lagna of the woman. The actual Bhava Lagna of woman is 25°10’22” Pisces. In actual practice, Bhava Lagna is calculated by knowing the time in terms of Ghatee (both birth time & sunrise time). This time system is explained in detail in Chapter 1.

6.2:

Hora Lagna

Hora Lagna also coincides with the position of Sun at the time of sunrise but it travels at a double angular speed compared to Bhava Lagna i.e. 12°0’0” per ghatee. Hora Lagna analysis is done to study the factors related to financial aspects of life. The method of calculation of Hora Lagna will be same as that of Bhava Lagna except the angular speed value of Hora Lagna is double as that of Bhava Lagna.

6.3:

Ghatee Lagna

Ghatee Lagna also coincides with the position of Sun at the time of sunrise. The angular speed of rotation of Ghatee Lagna is 30°0’0” (value equals the span of a complete rashi) per ghatee that’s why the name is Ghatee Lagna. Ghatee Lagna is more sensitive to birth-time errors due to its high angular velocity. An error of merely 0.1 Ghatee will have a 3°0’0” difference of Ghatee Lagna. Ghatee Lagna is studied to know about the power the person will possess throughout his/her life span.

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Chapter 7: Divisional Charts (Harmonic Charts) The basis of divisional chart is the differential breakdown of Lagna Kundli. This is carried out by dividing each rashi in to several parts & plotting these parts onto other rashis. If a rashi is divided into four parts and is being charted onto itself & every fourth rashi to it, then this division is known as fourth differential or Chaturthansh. In Chaturthansh, Aries is divided into 4 parts & each part is then mapped onto Aries, Cancer, Libra, & Capricorn. 4 divisions of Taurus mapped to Taurus, Leo, Scorpio, & Aquarius. And so on. Methodology for calculating different divisional chart is different. Some widely used divisional charts methodology is described in this chapter. Based on the rashis occupied by planets in various divisions, “Divisional Charts” are drawn. Mathematically, this can be depicted as follows: Where, NC is Natal Chart A differential analysis of up to 64th derivative is known to us in modern times. Each divisional chart is treated as different chart and each of these charts is interpreted differently. Different aspects of life are studied from different divisional charts. Following table portrays some significant divisional charts with their significance. Divisional Chart Rashi

Symbol D-1

Hora (Dwiansh)

D-2

Drekkana Chaturthansh Panchansh Shashthansh Saptansh Ashthansh Navamansh

D-3 D-4 D-5 D-6 D-7 D-8 D-9

Dashamansh

D-10

By Aseem Mehrotra

Significance General aspects. Existence at the physical level. Wealth & Money matters. Knowledge of History & Languages Siblings, Diseases Properties, Houses, Fortune Fame, Authority, Power Health Issues Children & Grandchildren Sudden & Unexpected Troubles, Litigations Marriage, Spouse, Own Dharma, Interaction with other people, Interpersonal Skills Career & Achievements 47 | P a g e

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Rudransh Dwadashansh

D-11 D-12

Shodashansh Vimsansh Chaturvimsansh Nakshatransh Trimsansh

D-16 D-20 D-24 D-27 D-30

Khavedansh Akshavedansh Shashtyansh

D-40 D-45 D-60

Death & Destruction Parents & Blood relatives of Parents (Genetic Study) Vehicles, Pleasures, Comforts & Discomforts Religious activities & Spiritual evolution Learning, Knowledge & Formal Education Strength & Weakness Misfortunes, Major diseases, Potential injuries, Faithfulness of spouse Auspicious & Inauspicious Events Fortune & Religious Activities Actions & Karma of Past Life, All other matters

D-2 is represents wealth matters. Square of D-2 i.e. D-4 depicts immovable properties, square of D-4 i.e. D-8 represents losses & litigations, square of D-8 i.e. D-16 represents movable properties like vehicles, animals, shares & debentures. Similarly, D-3, D-9 & D-27 represents emotions & relationships. D-5, D-25 & D-75 are related to abilities like power, fame etc. D-7 & D-49 related to next generations. D-10 & D100 related to career & professions. D-11 & D-121 are related to Death & experiences near death (or death like experiences of self & relatives). D-12 & D-144 are related to genetic chain of self.

7.1:

Method of Calculation

7.1.1: Rashi Chart It is denoted by D-1. Each rashi is divided in to one part and each part is mapped on to the same rashi. The simplest examples of Rashi Charts are Bhava Lagna Chart (Natal Chart), Chandra Chart (Chandra Kundli), Sun Chart (Surya Kundli) etc.

7.1.2: Hora Chart Each Rashi is divided in to two equal parts of 15°0’0” each (in the Rashi Chart). First halves of odd numbered Rashis (along with Graha these halves contain) are ruled by Sun while second halves of these Rashis (along with Graha these halves contain) are ruled by Moon. For even numbered Rashis, this relationship is reverse i.e. first halves are ruled by Moon & second halves are ruled by Sun. Hora Chart only gives solar & lunar aspects of Graha. & does not actually place them in different Bhava or Rashis as derived in other type of Harmonic Charts. But to depict this on a chart, generally, the halves ruled by sun are mapped in Leo & the halves ruled by Moon are mapped in Cancer. Thus the Graha may occupy only two of the three houses (12th, 1st or 2nd) in Hora depending on the placement of Lagna. By Aseem Mehrotra 48 | P a g e

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7.1.3: Drekkana Chart Each Rashi is divided in to three equal parts of 10°0’0” each (in the Rashi Chart). All planetary bodies in first 10° of a Rashi are placed in Drekkana Chart in the same Rashi. Planetary bodies in the middle 10° of a Rashi are placed in the Drekkana Chart in the 5th Bhava from the Rashi being divided in Natal Chart. Planetary bodies in the last 10° are placed in the Drekkana Chart in the 9th Bhava from the Rashi. In other words, first 10° of a Rashi in Natal Chart is ruled by the Rashi itself in Drekkana. Middle 10° of the Rashi is ruled by next Rashi of same Tatva (refer 5 Tatva detailed in Chapter 3). Last 10° of the Rashi is ruled by the next Rashi of the same Tatva. For example, Aries is an Agni Tatva rashi. So first 10° of Aries in Natal Chart is ruled by Aries itself in Drekkana Chart. Middle 10° of Aries in Natal Chart is ruled by Leo (next Agni Tatva Sign) in Drekkana. Last 10° of Aries in Natal Chart is ruled by Sagittarius (next Agni Tatva rashi) in Drekkana Chart. Bhava in Drekkana Chart 1

2

3

4 5

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

By Aseem Mehrotra

Significance  General well-being of the siblings and the native’s relationship with the siblings  Promise of having a sibling  Inclination towards life; initiative and drive  Loss of courage & initiative  Expenses of younger siblings  Gain of wealth from siblings  Focus on action in society  Success or failure of actions  Immediate younger sibling  Happiness of & from siblings  Planning of action  Thinking towards siblings  Second younger sibling  Hindrances in getting the fruits from actions  Sexual inclinations & desires  Longevity  Obstacles in fulfilment of desires  Fortune  Fulfilment of desires  Lust  Getting the desired objects  Losses & separation from siblings

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7.1.4: Chaturthansh Chart The Rashi is divided into 4 parts of 7°20’0” each in the Natal Chart. The first division falls in the same rashi; the second in the 4th rashi; the third in the 7th rashi and the fourth in the 10th rashi from it in Chaturthansh Chart. This division shows fortune, landed property, assets, liabilities, influence of the mother, domestic life, mental peace, landed property and conveyance. Bhava in Chaturthansh Chart 1 2 3

Significance   

4 5 6

  

7



8 9

 

10 11 12

  

Advantage or rejection from wealth Capability to accrue satisfaction from wealth Courage and danger faced to earn and preserve happiness from wealth Immovable wealth Permanent possessions Struggles, animosity, litigations and losses of wealth Civic acknowledgement and noticeable consideration of wealth Loss of Wealth Expenditures and aid done for sacred persuasion and its pleasure received Self-karma to either achieve or lose wealth Windfall gains Inefficient expenditures on desires

7.1.5: Panchansh Chart Each rashi in Natal Chart is divided in to five equal parts of 6°0’0” each. Planetary bodies in the five parts off an odd rashis are mapped in to Aries, Aquarius, Sagittarius, Gemini, & Libra respectively. Planetary bodies in the five parts of an even rashi mapped in to Taurus, Virgo, Pisces, Capricorn, & Scorpio respectively. This harmonic is not used widely. It answers the queries related to fame, applause, power & authority. D-5 provides a precise emotional view of romanticized & expressive love, including the love of children. D-5 also shows the extent of Raj-Yoga.

7.1.6: Shashthansh Chart Each rashi is divided into 6 equal parts of 5° each. Bodies in the 6 parts of a rashi go into the 6 rashis starting from Aries or Libra, based on whether the rashi is odd or even. This harmonic is studied for the health issues, involvement in disputes & debts.

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Bhava in Shashthansh Chart 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12

Significance               

General health throughout life Healthy life Dispute free life Profession related to nutritionist Administrative designation in health department Genetic health issues like diabetes Disputes with enemies Partnerships in the field of medicines & health Long term (ancestral) dispute with enemies Higher education in field of medicines/ health Financial success in the field of medicines Profits obtained from disputes Profits obtained from professions related to health & medicines Loss of fame due to involvement in disputes Loss of health; may be fatal

7.1.7: Saptansh Each Rashi in Natal Chart is divided into seven equal parts of 4°17’9” each. The first part (out of the seven parts) of an odd rashi is ruled by the rashi itself in Saptansh, with the rest of the divisions are ruled by rashis in order through the zodiac. The first part (out of the seven parts) of an even rashi is ruled by the seventh rashi, with the rest of the divisions are ruled by rashis in order through the zodiac. Hence, the first seventh of Aries is ruled by Aries; the second by Taurus and so on to Libra. The first seventh of Taurus (an even rashi) would be ruled by Scorpio, the rashi seventh from it. The second seventh division would be ruled by Sagittarius; the third would be ruled by Capricorn; and so on to Taurus as its last seventh. Bhava in Saptansh Chart 1 2 3 4

By Aseem Mehrotra

Significance  Fortune inherited from previous lives  Promise of having children  Capacity to accomplish work  Wealth of Children  Children’s courage factor  Fruits from past lives karma  Sense & indication towards acquiring happiness from children  General wellbeing of Children  Bonding with children 51 | P a g e

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5 6 7 8

9

10

11 12

                

Intelligence & good mentality First Child Problems with children Suffering of partner on account of children Possibilities of conceivement of child Weakness of children Longevity of children Miscarriages, abortions & delay in having child Obstacles in the life of children Fortune after the birth of child(ren) Possibilities of seeing grandchildren in own life span Possibilities of inheriting any disease by child from parents Competitiveness qualities in children Fulfilment of parents desires thru their children Gains & general happiness from children Longevity of the children Expenses in bringing up of children

7.1.8: Ashthansh Chart Each rashi is divided into 8 equal parts of 3°45'0” each. Planetary bodies in the eight parts of a rashi go into the 8 rashis starting from Aries, Sagittarius or Leo, based on whether the rashi is a movable, fixed or dual sign respectively. Planetary bodies in the eight parts of a rashi go into the 8 rashis starting from Aries if the rashi is movable. Planetary bodies in the eight parts of a rashi go into the 8 rashis starting from Sagittarius if the rashi is fixed. Planetary bodies in the eight parts of a rashi go into the 8 rashis starting from Leo, if the rashi is dual. Ashthansh is studied for following aspects of life: Sudden & unexpected movements in life, disturbances, surgeries, catastrophic changes, hidden forces, occult knowledge, new containers for old energy, transformation via the cycle of death-and-rebirth.

7.1.9: Navamansh Chart Each rashi is divided into 9 equal parts of 3°20'0” each. Bodies in the 9 parts of a rashi mapped into the 9 rashis starting from Aries, Capricorn, Libra or Cancer, based on whether the rashi is a fiery, earthy, airy or watery sign. For Fiery Rashis: count from Aries For Earthy Rashis: count from Capricorn By Aseem Mehrotra

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For Airy Rashis: count from Libra For Watery Rashis: count from Cancer A graha occupying the same Rashi in D-1 & D-9 is known as vargottama and is considered very strong, auspicious & capable of giving benefic results during the main & sub Dasha period transits. Bhava in Navamansh Chart 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

7.1.10:

Significance  A strong Navamansh lagna and lagna lord gives strong indications for marriage  Longevity of the spouse  Communication  Necessary strength to sustain the married life  Happiness & satisfaction from marriage  Ability to avoid unpleasant circumstances with intelligence  Conflicts & distress of married life  Caring & excellent life partner  Undisclosed affairs outside marriage  Spiritual aspects of matrimony  Ability to observe duties of married life  Limitless worldly wishes of spouse  Sexual satisfaction  Split in partnership  Expenses in partnership

Dashamansh Chart

Each rashi in Natal Chart is divided into 10 equal parts of 3° each. Planetary bodies in the 10 parts of the rashi mapped into the 10 rashis starting from the rashi itself or the 9th rashi from it, based on whether the rashi is an odd or an even rashi respectively. Bhava in Dashamansh Chart 1 2 3 4 5

By Aseem Mehrotra

Significance          

True nature in career New beginnings Resources of wealth Investments Initiatives, creativity & communication skills Short journeys Overall sense of comfort & happiness in career Close associate in professional life Promotions Employees in own business 53 | P a g e

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        

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

7.1.11:

Enemies in profession Partnerships, business & public relations Occult activities Problems in professional life Guide & advisors in professional life General activities Training & development Friends in group Charity in professional life

Rudransh Chart

Each rashi in Natal Chart is divided into 11 equal parts of 2°43'38'' each. Count Rashis from Aries to the rashi being divided, in the zodiacal order. Count the same number of rashis anti-zodiacally from Aries. Planetary bodies in the 11 parts of the rashi mapped into the 11 rashis starting from the rashi found thus. D-11 shows the forces of death and destruction and it can also give insight into death. War between the nations is studied with this Harmonic. Bhava in Rudransh Chart

Significance

1



2



3

5

    

Inclination of self towards lawsuits, wars & combats Wealth obtained from lawsuits & wars (in case of nations) Profession related to law & justice Profession related to militaries Colonies of nations State run businesses (for nations) Ancestral history of wars & combats

6



Enemies & wars with enemies

7

   

Relationship between the nations Political influence of the nation Joint venture of defense firms Ancestral history of serving the nation in militaries Education related to militaries Education related to law & justice Fame & fortune in the field of law & justice Fame in wars & combats Medals obtained from authority for showing courage in war

4

8 9 10

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    

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11



Windfall gains in the field of law & justice

12



Death in war or law-suits

7.1.12:

Dwadashansh Chart

Each rashi in Natal Chart is divided in to 12 equal parts of 2°30'00'' each. Planetary bodies in the 12 parts of the rashi are mapped in to the 12 rashis starting from the divided rashi itself. D-12 chart indicates a. b. c. d. e.

Happiness from parents Comforts & longevity of the parents Social & financial status of the father Benefits received from paternal family Genetic study

Bhava in Dwadashansh Chart

Significance     

Relations with parents & grandparents Influence of the family Rites & rituals of the family Social status of parents Efforts of the parents

  

Happiness of the family Longevity of the father Grandparents

7

   

8



Debts inherited from parents Profession of father Genetic diseases passed on from paternal family Partner or spouse to promote heredity of the family Legacy from parents

9 10

  

Dharma & religious practices of the family Fortune through father Karmas performed by parents for their ancestors

11



Gains shared from parents & elders

12



Maternal grand parents

1 2 3 4 5 6

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7.1.13:

Shodashansh Chart

Each rashi is divided into 16 equal parts of 1°52'30'' each. Planetary bodies in the 16 parts of the rashi are mapped into the 16 rashis starting from Aries, Leo and Sagittarius, based on whether the rashi divided is movable, fixed or dual. When counting rashis from a given rashi, we go zodiacally. After going over the 12 rashis from a rashi, we get the same rashi as the 13th rashi. So the 13th, 14th, 15th and 16th rashis from a rashi are simply the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th rashis. Pleasures, vehicles, luxuries, materialistic world desires, & comforts are studied with the help of D-16. Bhava in Shodashansh Chart 1 2

Significance    

3



4

 

5



6 7

  

8



9

  

10



11

 

12



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Inclination towards luxury vehicles Self-use of vehicles Gain or wealth obtained from vehicles Profit or loss from commercial activities related to vehicles Business or profession related to service sector in the field of luxurious vehicles Path chosen to acquire the vehicles & luxuries Help obtained from others in the path of acquiring the luxuries Family involved in business of luxury objects (ancestors & followers) Competition in vehicles’ business Profession related to vehicle-racers Partnership in the commercial activities related to luxury objects like vehicles, jewelries etc. Long term association with commercial activities or profession related to vehicles Higher education in automobile sector Education related to Jewelry design Education related to objects of luxuries in modern world Fame & fortune in the profession or commercial activities related to vehicles Financial success in business related to vehicles Windfall gains in commercial activities related to luxury objects Losses incurred in commercial activities related to luxury objects 56 | P a g e

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7.1.14:

Vimsansh Chart

Each rashi in Natal Chart is divided into 20 equal parts of 1°30'0” each. Planetary bodies in the 20 parts of the rashi are mapped into the 20 rashis starting from Aries, Sagittarius and Leo, based on whether the divided rashi is movable, fixed or dual respectively. Bhava in Vimsansh Chart

Significance

4

      

5

 Spiritual power

6

          

1 2 3

Irregularities in worship Obstructions in worshipping Ability to attract people towards spirituality Practice of spiritual celebrations Ability to transform Act of taking Sanyas Spiritual self-punishment Outlook on spirituality Ability to see God Ability to focus & concentrate Characteristic to make gains from spiritual practices  Decline in actual spirituality  Ability to attain Samadhi  Meditation ability

7 8 9 10 11

12

7.1.15:

Matters of spirituality Approach towards spirituality Spirituality inherited from family Harmony in family thru spirituality Advice given by Spiritual Teacher Daily spiritual Karma Birth nearby a holy place

Chaturvimsansh Chart

Each rashi is divided into 24 equal parts of 1°15'0” each. Planetary bodies in the 24 parts of the rashi are mapped into the 24 rashis starting from Leo or Cancer, based on whether the divided rashi is odd or even. This chart is studied for the learning process acquired from parents & teachers.

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Bhava in Chaturvimsansh Chart

Significance    

1

Educated or uneducated Self-learning capability Logical Reasoning ability Property used for education like charitable trust land for colleges etc.  Termination during or after basic education

2 3

5

 Professions related to land & infrastructure of educational institutions  Basic education

6

 Performance in competitive examinations

7

 Highly educated spouse

8

 Research degree

9

 Higher education

10

 Finance related issues in higher education  Profession related to education  Wealth or gain from training & coaching institutions  Losses incurred due to training & coaching institutions

4

11 12

7.1.16:

Nakshatransh Chart

Each rashi in the Natal Chart is divided into 27 equal parts of 1°6'40'' each. Planetary bodies in the 27 parts of the rashi are mapped into the 12 rashis starting from Aries, Cancer, Libra and Capricorn based on whether the divided rashi is a fiery, earthy, airy or watery rashi respectively. Each part corresponds to a nakshatra that’s why the name is Nakshatransh Chart. This chart is used to study strengths & weakness pertaining to soul, mind, physical body & speech, and ability to cope with various stresses. This chart is also used to assess body resistance against diseases (immunity) and power to withstand physical, emotional, and psychological shocks.

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Bhava in Nakshatransh Chart

Significance

2

 Mental strength factor of self  Emotional content of brain  Happiness gained from mental strength

3

 Sentiments towards siblings of self

4

 Sentiments towards parents of self

5

 Sentiments towards children of self

6

 Stress in day-to-day life

7

 Sentiments towards spouse & partners

8

 Longevity due to stress free life

9

 Higher education related to psychology & immunology  High mental strength & shock absorbent characteristic  Fame & gain in social circle due to high mental & physical strength  Poor immunity towards infections  Poor immunity towards psychological shocks  Stressful life

1

10 11 12

7.1.17:

Trimsansh Chart

This is a special chart which does not follow the rule of divisions. Although it is termed as D-30 but the rashis in Natal Chart are not divided in to 30 divisions. It follows different rules for odd & even rashis. It is derived by dividing the rashis in Natal Chart in to 5 unequal parts and mapping those parts in D-30 as per the following rule: Odd Rashis in Natal Chart 

Bodies in 0° to 5° are placed in Aries in D-30



Bodies in 5° to 10° are placed in Aquarius in D-30



Bodies in 10° to 18° are placed in Sagittarius in D-30



Bodies in 18° to 25° are placed in Gemini in D-30



Bodies in 25° to 30° are placed in Libra in D-30

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Even Rashis in Natal Chart 

Bodies in 0° to 5° are placed in Taurus in D-30



Bodies in 5° to 12° are placed in Virgo in D-30



Bodies in 12° to 20° are placed in Pisces in D-30



Bodies in 20° to 25° are placed in Capricorn in D-30



Bodies in 25° to 30° are placed in Scorpio in D-30

Cancer & Leo are always empty in D-30. Bhava in Trimsansh Chart 1

2

3

4

5

6

7 8 9 10 11

By Aseem Mehrotra

Significance  Vulnerability towards diseases & injuries  Highly afflicted Lagna in D-30 by malefic planets represents bad health throughout life & mental illness  Speech related problems  Sight related problems  Wealth from commercial activities related to eyes  Throat & ears related health issues  Strong or weak limbs  Fear of being on platform (like fear from delivering a speech)  Diseases related to heart, veins & arteries  Blood related disorders  Asthma & other lungs related problems  Digestive disorders  Stones in kidneys & gallbladder  Genetic disorders transmitted to children  Injuries cause by enemies in fights & wars  Imprisonment in lawsuits  Injuries to bones  Spinal column related problems  Faithfulness of spouse  Infertility issues  Sexual diseases like AIDS     

Long distance travels due to health problems Problems related to style of walking Health issues to parents Diseases inherited from parents Income & windfall gains related to injuries & health issues like financial aid from government organizations 60 | P a g e

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 Death due to prolonged illness  Major disease like cancer

12

7.1.18:

Khavedansh Chart

Each rashi in Natal Chart is divided into 40 equal parts of 45' each. Planetary bodies in the 40 parts of the rashi are mapped into the 40 rashis starting from Aries or Libra, based on whether the divided rashi is odd or even. Bhava in Khavedansh Chart

Significance

1

 Auspiciousness of self-life

2 3

 Time period to start an investment in financial sector  Time period of high fame

4

 Time period to purchase land or infrastructure

5

 Time predictions for having child

6

 Events related to animosity & litigations

7 8

 Muhurt of Marriage  Probability of getting married  Probability of extra marital affairs or polygamy

9

 Time period of high fortune

10

 Prediction of time for starting a new profession or business  Predictions of time periods for winning a lottery or gains in shares & debentures  Inauspicious & difficult time in life

11 12

7.1.19:

Akshavedansh Chart

Each rashi is divided into 45 equal parts of 40' each. Planetary bodies in the 45 parts of the rashi are mapped into the 45 rashis starting from Aries, Leo or Sagittarius, based on whether the divided rashi is a movable, fixed or dual rashi. This chart is studied for fortune & inclination towards religion and religious activities.

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Bhava in Akshavedansh Chart

Significance  Overall inclination & understanding of religion & Dharma  Wide-ranging fortune throughout life  Fortune in making wealth

1

2

    

3 4 5

 Fortune related to health related issues like no major health issue throughout life  Fortune in marriage

6 7

        

8

9 10 11

Fortune carry forwarded from past life Fortune inherited from ancestors Highly religious Respect for ancestors Fortune in long distance travels Fortune in professions in faraway lands Fortune in higher education High inclination towards religion Fortune in gambling

 Misfortune  Nonbeliever & Atheist

12

7.1.20:

Fortune of siblings Fortune in business or commercial activities Fortune of parents Fortune in land & infrastructure activities Fortune of children

Shashtyansh Chart

Each rashi in Natal Chart is divided into 60 equal parts of 30' each. Planetary bodies in 60 parts of the rashi are mapped into the 60 rashis starting the divided rashi itself. This chart is studied for general wellbeing. All the bhava have same significance as that of the Natal Chart.

7.2:

Challenges in Predicting Divisional Charts

As we know, Bhava Lagna rotates at an angular speed of 6°0’0” per ghatee. Thus, higher the harmonics more accuracy in the time of birth is needed. For example in Shashtyansh Chart, each rashi is divided in to equal parts of 30’ each. So the Lagna in Shashtyansh By Aseem Mehrotra

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Chart will change every

of a ghatee. The accuracy in the birth time or time of event

(of which horoscope is being studied) is the biggest challenge in making predictions from higher harmonics. Another challenge in making predictions from divisional charts is in understanding the relationship between the harmonic & its associated bhava in Natal Chart. For example, 5th & 9th houses in Natal Chart are related to basic & higher education respectively. Learning process & education is also studied from the Chaturvimsansh Chart. This divisional chart will affect the positivity or negativity of 5th & 9th house in the chart. Only D24 cannot be studied for education related matters. It must be studied in combination with 5th & 9th houses of Natal Chart. This holds true for all other harmonics also in their respective fields of study.

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Chapter 8: Vimsottari Dasa Types & Analysis An exceptional aspect of Vedic Jyotish system is the concept of Dasa. Dasa literally means a time period. The lifespan of a living being is divided in to several periods, subperiods, and sub-sub periods & so on. These periods are ruled by different Graha & Rashis. There are many classifications of Dasa like: 

Vimsottari Dasa (a type of Nakshatra Dasa)



Ashtottari Dasa (a type of Nakshatra Dasa)



Narayana Dasa (a type of Rashi Dasa)



Sudasha (a type of Rashi Dasa)



Kalachakra Dasa (a type of Nakshatra Dasa)



Tribhagi Dasa (a type of Nakshatra Dasa) etc.

Only Vimsottari Dasa systems are explained in this book. Other Dasa systems are out of the scope of this work.

8.1:

Vimsottari Dasa System

According to Sage Parasara, this Dasa system is the most suitable for the modern world of Kali-Yuga. Vimsottari literally means 120. The total cycle of this Dasa system is 120 years that’s why the name Vimsottari. Every period in this Dasa cycle of 120 years is ruled by a specific Graha and the total sum of years of all these rulings is 120. Different time periods are calculated based on the Nakshatra occupied by Moon or Chandra and the lord of Nakshatra occupied by Moon. In this Dasa system, 120 years span is divided in to 9 periods, termed as Maha Dasa, with each period being ruled by a specific Graha. Each Maha Dasa is then divided in to 9 sub-periods, termed as Antar Dasa, each sub-period again ruled by a specific Graha. These Antar Dasa are again divided in to periods termed as Pratyantar Dasa, with each period governed by a specific planet. By dividing the Pratyantar Dasa into further periods we will get Sookshmdasa. Each Sookshmdasa are also governed by a specific Graha. Periods inside Sookshmdasa are termed as Pranaantar Dasa, with each period governed by a specific Graha. Pranaantar Dasa can again be divided in to sub-periods termed as Dehaantar Dasa.

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8.1.1: Computation of Vimsottari Dasa Vimsottari Dasa system is a cycle that repeats itself every 120 years. This 120 year cycle is divided in to 9 unequal parts or periods with each period belonging to a Graha as detailed in following table: Graha Ketu Venus Sun Moon Mars Rahu Jupiter Saturn Mercury

Period 6 Years 20 Years 6 Years 10 Years 7 Years 18 Years 16 Years 19 Years 17 Years

Solutions of numerous queries related to Vedic Jyotish are lost in the progression of time. One such query is “why this unequal division of periods in Dasa system”. Exploration efforts are still going on to discover the precise answer to this query. The periods illustrated in the table above represents the Maha Dasa. Each period of Maha Dasa is governed by a Graha. The years taken in to account in this system is a Vedic Year. However, for the sake of convenience in making predictions, astrologers in modern world usually treat these periods as Solar years. Let us take an example to calculate the beginning of Vimsottari Dasa. Suppose a man was born in Canada (Atlantic Standard Time) at 5:50 AM on 28th Day of April in the year 2000. Moon was at 2°23’ in Aquarius at the instance of birth of this man. This geocentric position of Moon corresponds to 3rd quarter of Dhanishtha Nakshatra. Advancement of Moon in Dhanishtha Nakshatra is calculated. As per the geocentric position of Moon, it is at an advancement of 9°03’ in Dhanishtha Nakshatra. This advancement is calculated by subtracting the beginning of Dhanishtha Nakshatra (23°20’0” in Capricorn) from the geocentric position of Moon. Total length of the Dhanishtha Nakshatra is 13°20’. Thus length yet to be travelled by Moon is 13°20’0”- 9°03’0” i.e. 4°17’0”. Fraction of Dhanishtha yet to be travelled by Moon is 4°17’0” 13°20’0” i.e. 0.32125. As Moon was in Dhanishtha Nakshatra at the time of birth, so first Vimsottari Maha Dasa belongs to lord of Dhanishtha Nakshatra i.e. Mars. Now as per the table of Maha Dasa period, Maha Dasa of Mars is of 7 years. Dasa period of Mars left at birth corresponds to the fraction of Dhanishtha Nakshatra yet to be travelled by Moon. This period is 7 0.32125 i.e. 2.24875 years. This figure amounts to 2 years 2 By Aseem Mehrotra

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months 29 days & 33 ghatee. After this time period, the Maha Dasa of Rahu will begin that will last for 18 years and so on. Now, each Maha Dasa is divided in to 9 sub-periods termed as Antar Dasa. First Antar Dasa will be of the planet ruling the Maha Dasa and rest eight will follow the sequence mentioned in the table of Maha Dasa. Time period associated with the Antar Dasa of each planet is calculated as follows:





















For example, in the Maha Dasa of Moon, Antar Dasa period of Mars will be Let us take another example for better understanding. Under the Maha Dasa period of Venus, first Antar Dasa period of the Venus will be the first followed by Sun, Moon, Mars, Rahu, Jupiter, Saturn, & Mercury in order. To calculate the time period of these Antar Dasa, same formula is used. 20 20

20 6

120

120

20

10

20

7

20

18

3

4

1

120 120

1

8

1

120

2

3

20

16

120

2

8

20

19

120

3

2

20

20

17

120

7

120

1

2

10

2

Similarly Antar Dasa under different Maha Dasa can be calculated. To calculate the period of Pratyantar Dasa, the formula is having a slight modification:



















Similarly, other Dasa periods are calculated. By Aseem Mehrotra

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8.1.2: Predictions Using Vimsottari Dasa Commonly, Maha-Antar-Pratyantar Dasa combination is used for predictions. Further sub divisions are used for getting very accurate time period of certain events. The position of Graha governing these three Dasa (Maha, Antar & Pratyantar) is considered in Natal & Harmonic Charts. Based on the positivity & negativity of these Graha, predictions for a certain aspect of life is made. For example, a woman wants to know about her research related education at certain point of time. Suppose she will be under the Vimsottari Dasa of Jupiter-Moon-Jupiter during that period of time. So the positions of Jupiter & Moon are to be studied in Natal (D-1) & D-24 charts. The 5th & 9th Bhava in Natal Chart represents basic & higher education respectively. In D-24 chart, 8th Bhava represents research related education. So 9th Bhava of Natal Chart (D-1) & 8th Bhava of D-24 is to be studied to answer this query. More powerful Jupiter, Moon, 9th Bhava of D-1 & 8th Bhava of D-24 will support the research related education of the woman. Similarly other aspects of life can be predicted based on the combination of Bhava in Natal & Harmonics and the Vimsottari Dasa Graha positions in these charts.

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ॐ असतो मा स गमय । तमसो मा

योितगर्मय ।

म ृ योमार् अमत ृ ं गमय । ॐ शाि तः शाि तः शाि तः ॥

From ignorance, lead me to truth; From darkness, lead me to light; From death, lead me to immortality Om peace, peace, peace

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