Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa: Sistemas Electrónicos Análogos

 

 

SDJ_CP]JHGH DGMJADGF HC ]GD GLS]XËD HC GPCWSJ^G OGMSFXGH HC JDLCDJCPËG HC ^PAHSMMJÝD Z ]CP_JMJA] C]MSCFG ^PAOC]JADGF HC JDLCDJCPËG CFCMXPÝDJMG

]jstckgs Cfcmtrýdjmas Gdçfalas CR^. =9 KSFXJ_J@PGHAPC] J

Jdtclrgdtcs9  Hc fg Mruz Ofarcs ^gtrjme Ljf`crt

0>770:0 0>77

]ckcstrc 0>0> ” G Grcqujpg

 

FG@. ]J]XCKG] CFCMXPADJMA] GDGFALA] (C) G

CR^. =

CR^CPJKCDXA D¹ = KSFXJ_J@PGHAPC] J A@ICXJ_A9  Madamcr fas  prjdmjpjas hc oudmjadgkjcdta hc fas kuftjvj`rgharcs ]mbkjtt trjllcr, gstg`fc, kadacstg`fc y sus prjdmjpgfcs mgrgmtcrëstjmgs. DAXG 9 Cf pr prao aoccsar sar  hc hc`c `c rcg rcgfjzg fjzgrr ud udgg `r `rcv cvcc jd jdtr traahu humm mmjý jýd d hc hcff cxpc cxpcrj rjkc kcdt dtaa y sus sus a`i `ict ctjv jvaas. Gsë kjs jska ka hc`c hc`c pcrkgdcmcr hurgdtc tahg fg scsjýd hcf cxpcrjkcdta, pgrg rcspadhcr y oarkufgr fgs prcludtgs dcmcsgrjgs.

KGXCPJGF Z CWSJ^A9 - Asmjfasmapja - Lcdcrghar hc 3 KBz - Kuftëkctra hjljtgf - Oucdtc hc gfjkcdtgmjýd hc 3 y 70 _hm - 3 M.J.9 8, 7>? - 0 Hjahas9 7D8782 - = Pcsjstcdmjgs (¶\)9 8.< EΪ, == EΪ, 37> EΪ  - 7 ^atcdmjýkctra9 7>> EΪ  - 0 Madhcdsgharcs (03_)9 >.>7 ³O, 00 ³O -- 7Xg`fcra ]wjtmbhc ]^]X Madcxjýd - Gfjmgtc

JDOAPKGMJÝD ^PC_JG9  ]MBKJXX XPJLLCP

]j sc  gpfjmg g fg cdtrghg hc ud hjspasjtjva fýljma udg sc÷gf quc mgk`jg fcdt fcdtgk gkccdt dtcc cd  cf tjc jckp kpa, a, fg sgfj sgfjhg hg hcf hcf hjsp hjspaasjtj sjtjva va asmjf smjfgr grçç cdt dtrc rc fas fas dj djvc vcfc fcss fýl fýljmas mas gft ftaa  y `gi giaa. Sd ]mbkjt jttt trjl jlllcr cs ud hjsp hjspaasjt sjtjva madoar oarkgh ghaar hc adhg quc  sc utjfjzg pgrg madvcrtjr sc÷gfcs quc vgrëgd fcdtgkcdtc (y par ma mads dsjl jluj ujcd cdtc tc jd jdma makp kpgt gtj` j`fc fcss  mad mad fa fass hjsp hjspaasjtj sjtjva vass fýlj fýljma mas) s) g ud udgg sc sc÷g ÷gff hc fg kjsk kj skgg or orccmucd mucdmj mjgg  pc pcra ra quc quc cs makp makpgt gtj` j`fc fc mad mad fas fas hjsp hjspaasjtj sjtjva vass fýlj fýljma mas. s. Cf ]mbkjtt trjllcr  tjcdc udg bjstêrcsjs hc cdtrghg y pascc tcdsjadcs hc uk`r `rggf hc  trgds gdsjm jmjjýd pasjt sjtjvg y hc trgds gdsjmj jmjýd dclgt gtjv jvg, g, quc mad madkutg g su sgfjhg cdtrc has djvcfcs fýljmas. Cf 7>? cs ud MKA] quc madtjcdc scjs jdvcrsarcs ]mbkjtt trjllcr.  KSFXJ_J@PGHAP KADAC]XG@FC KADAC]XG@FC (KK)

Cf kuftjvj vj``rgha ghar  kadacstg` stg`ffc cs ud hjsp jspasjt sjtjva jva hc tckparjzgm gmjý jýdd muyg sg sgfj fjhg hg cs  madk madkut utgh ghgg hc hcdt dtra ra hc ud cstg cstgha ha mu mugs gsjj-ccst stg` g`fc fc par par ud pcrë pcrëah ahaa hc tjck jckpa y  rctardg fu fuccla g su cstgha cst stg` g`ffc. Hjmba mba pcrëaha ëaha cs madtrafgha par ud  PM cxtcrda. Fas kadacstg`fcs sjrvcd pgrg prahumjr rctrgsas hc tjck tjckpa pa ma maka ka sc sc÷g ÷gfc fcss hc madt madtra raff pgrg pgrg sj sjst stck ckgs gs hjlj hjljtg tgfc fcs. s. Cxjs Cxjstc tc has has tj tjpa pass hc kada ka dacs cstg tg`f `fcs cs,, fa fass  rc rchj hjsp spgr grg` g`fc fcss y fa fass da rc rchj hjsp spgr grg` g`fc fcs. s. Cf 8:) :) y ud jd jdvc vcrs rsar ar 7>? >?), ), mugd mugdha ha gk`a gk`ass sad sad cxmjtghas par  udg sc÷gf trjgdlufgr a scdajhgf hc orcmucdmjg 7 EBz. Gsclùrcsc hc  giustgr fg sc÷gf hcf lcdcrghar mad cf aoosct, pgrg quc fg tcdsjý sjýd hc  cxmj mjttgmj mjýýd _j cstc cdtrc > ≨ _j ≨ +3 _hm (XXF) ý > ≨ _j ≨ +70 _hm (MKA]).  Stjfjmc fg oucdtc hc gfjkcdtgmjýd hc +3 _hm pgrg cf XXF y hc +70 _hm pgrg cf MKA]. _cr Ojl. =-7.  

 

 

 

^ÇLJDG =

 

FG@. ]J]XCKG] CFCMXPADJMA] GDGFALA] (C) G

CR^. =

Cf lrçojma hc fgs sgfjhgs a`tcdjhgs mugdha gk`as sad cxmjtghas par udg sc÷gf scdajhgf g 7 EBz cs9

0. ]c pjhc9 ◁

Lrgojquc fgs  oarkgs hc adhg cd fg cdtrghg y sgfjhg hcf 8 (8>8:) y hcf 7>?). _j y _a.

^ÇLJDG 8

 

 FG@. ]J]XCKG] CFCMXPADJMA] GDGFALA] (C) G ◁

CR^. = 

Kjhg fgs  tcdsjadcs hc trgdsjmjýd pasjtjvg y dclgtjvg pgrg cf 7>?). Makpçrcfgs mad fas hgtas hcf og`rjmgdtc.

Hc fas rcsuftghas hcf asmjfasmapja pgrg cf ?. _aftgic hc bjstêrcsjs9 _ X + ∐ _ X  ∐ ; 0.0=? ” 7.=?? ; >.2< _ 

◁

Cxpfjquc cf oudmjadgkjcdta jdtcrda hcf 8>7>?.

 

Cf 8>7>?  madsjstc hc scjs ]mbkjtt-Xrjllcr. Mghg mjrmujta oudmjadg maka ud jdv jdvcrsa crsarr mad mad  cdtr cdtrgh ghgg ]mbk ]mbkjt jttt-Xr Xrjl jll lcr cr.. Cf lg lgtj tjff ffa a (trj (trjl llc lcr) r) mg mgk` k`jg jg cd hjocr jocrcd cdtc tcss  pudtas pgrg  sc÷gfcs pasjtjvgs y dclgtjvgs. Fg hjocrcdmjg cdtrc cf vaftgic pasjtjva (_X+) y cf vaftgic dclgtjva (_X-) sc hcojdc maka tcdsjýd hc bjstêrcsjs (_BX).

^ÇLJDG 3

 

FG@. ]J]XCKG] CFCMXPADJMA] GDGFALA] (C) G ◁

JJ.

CR^. =

 Kjhg fg tcdsjýd hc bjstêrcsjs hcf 8>7>? pgrg vgfarcs hc _HH ; 3, 2, 7> y 70 _.

^grg _HH ; 3 _9

_BX ; 0.>2 _

^grg _HH ; 2 _9

_BX ; 0.>2 _

^grg _HH ; 7> _9

_BX ; 0.>2 _

^grg _HH ; 70 _9

_BX ; 0.>2 _

^SF]GHAP  Cf mjcrrc  hc ud swjtmb kcmçdjma mgusg ud pra`fckg madamjha maka "m "mad adtg tgmt mt `aud `audmc mc""  (m`) (m`).. Csta Cstass "m`" "m`" mgus mgusgd gd kùft kùftjp jpfc fcss tr trgd gdsj sjmj mjad adcs cs hc tc tcds dsjý jýdd cd fg  sgfjh gfjhgg hcf sw swjjtmb, fas quc amgsja gsjaddgd ud makpartgkj gkjcdta crrçtjma cd fg mj mjrm rmuj ujttcrëg crëg  fý fýlj ljmg mg cxmj cxmjtg tghg hg par par cf swjt swjtmb mb.. Cxjs Cxjstc tc vgrj vgrjaas tj tjpa pass hc mjrm mjrmuj ujta tass quc puchcd  scr usghas pgrg cvjtgr cstc pra`fckg quc jdmfuycd fgtmbcs, ofjp-ofaps, smbkjtt trjllcr y kadacstg`fcs.

7. ◁

Madcmtc cf  swjtmb g fg cdtrghg hc ud kadacstg`fc )(== x  x7 7> )(fd fd((0)) ; >.3 s  

^crjaha Kadacstg`fc ; 7s  7s  ^ÇLJDG <

 

FG@. ]J]XCKG] CFCMXPADJMA] GDGFALA] (C) G ◁

CR^. =

Gdgfjmc fgs has lrçojmgs y cxpfjquc fg apcrgmjýd. A`scrvgkas quc  gf gpfjmgr g`rjr cf swjtmb ,fg cdtrghg hcf kada ka daccstg` stg`fc fc gu guta takç kçtj tjmg mgkc kcdt dtcc pgs gsgg g mc mcra ra sj sc gdgf gdgfjz jzgg cd `g `gsc sc g fg marrjcdtc hjrcmtg  , pcra cd fg sgfjhg bgy ud rctgrha pgrg quc mgk`jc hc cstgha hc 7 g >. Mgfmufgdha cf  vgfar hc rctgrha hc hgtgsbcct ,cstc cs gpraxjkghgkcdtc hc >.3 s .

◁

Makpgr Makp grcc fa fass  pcrë pcrëah ahas as hc tckp tckpar arjz jzgm gmjý jýdd mg mgfm fmuf ufgh ghaa tc tcýr ýrjm jmgk gkcd cdtc tc y cf bgffgha cxpcrjkcdtgfkcdtc. XCÝPJMA >.3s

^crëaha Xckparjzgmjýd ◁

^grg cf  8:. 7. Grkc cf mjrmujta hc fg Ojl. =-= ◁

OJLSPG =-= ◁

Gpfjqu jquc fg  gfj fjk kcdtgmjý gmjýdd gf mj mjrrmujt jtaa y giu iust stcc P pgr grgg ud mjmf mjmfaa hc sc scrrvjmj vjmjaa hc 3>%  cd fg oarkg hc adhg hc sgfjhg hcf mjrmujta y kjhg fgs tcdsjadcs cd fas tcrkjdgfcs 8 y 3 sjkuftçdcgkcdtc y cf pcrëaha hc asmjfgmjýd. ^ÇLJDG :

 

FG@. ]J]XCKG] CFCMXPADJMA] GDGFALA] (C) G

CR^. =

Xcdsjýd Xcrkjdgf 8 ; >.8 _ Xcdsjýd Xcrkjdgf 3 ; 7>.= _ ^crëaha Asmjfgmjýd ; 3>> ks

◁

Pcpjtg cf pgsa gdtcrjar pgrg ud mjmfa hc scrvjmja hc =>%

Xcdsjýd Xcrkjdgf 8 ; >.=3 _ Xcdsjýd Xcrkjdgf 3 ; 7>.3 _ ^crëaha Asmjfgmjýd ; =>> ks

^ÇLJDG 7>

 

 FG@. ]J]XCKG] CFCMXPADJMA] GDGFALA] (C) G

CR^. = 

0. ]c pjhc9 ◁

Makpgr Makp grgr gr  cf pcrë pcrëah ahaa hc asmj asmjfg fgmj mjýýd mgfm mgfmuf ufgh ghaa tcýr cýrjmgk jmgkccdt dtcc y fg bgff bgffgh ghgg cxpcrjkcdtgfkcdtc, y cxpfjmgr fg hjocrcdmjg.

Bgffgkas cf pcrjaha hc asmjfgmjýd hc kgdcrg tcýrjmg9 X  ; 0 PM    X  ; 0(37> (37> E   E )(>.>7 )(>.>7 ζ)   X  ; 7>.0 ks ks    

◁

±Mugf cs fg oudmjýd hcf jdvcrsar M1 Xjcdc maka oudmjýd mgk`jgr fg sc÷gf hc cdtrghg g su jdvcrsa fýljma, mgk`jgdha ud 7 fýljma, quc puchc cqujvgfcr g 3 a 70 _, g ud > fýljma. Lrgmjgs gf mgpgmjtar pahckas gftcrdgr fg sc÷gf.

◁

±Mýka sc pahrëg fjdcgfjzgr fg mgrlg y hcsmgrlg hcf madhcdsghar1 ]j falrgkas bgmcr quc fg mgrlg hcf madhcdsghar da vgrëc hckgsjgha rcspcmta gf tjckpa, pahckas fjdcgfjzgr su mgrlg. Ssgkas fg sjlujcdtc cmugmjýd9

( )  _  (t ) ;  _  (7 ∐ )    t 

_  (t ) ;  _  o   7 ∐ c∐ PM  7

 o   

  t 

c PM 

^ÇLJDG 77

 

FG@. ]J]XCKG] CFCMXPADJMA] GDGFALA] (C) G ◁

CR^. =

^grg quê sjrvc fg rcsjstcdmjg hc 37> EΪ.  

Pclufg fg mgdtjhgh hc marrjcdtc quc trgdsjtg par fas jdvcrsarcs 8>8:, bgmjcdha quc da sc mgfjcdtcd y falrcd apcrgr mad darkgfjhgh.

◁

Cxpfjquc cf oudmjadgkjcdta jdtcrda hcf 8>8:. ]c trgtg hc ud mjrmujta oarkgha par trgdsjstarcs tjpa MKA] quc cstçd madojlurghas pgrg jdvcrtjr fg sc÷gf hc cdtrghg, sj sc trgtg hc udg sc÷gf fýljmg pasjtjvg, g fg sgfjhg sc hgrç ud vgfar fýljma dclgtjva.

◁

]j fas fas jd jdvc vcrs rsar arccs G, @ y M sc rcck rcckpf pfgz gzgd gd par par jdvc jdvcrs rsaarc rcss 8> 8>7> 7>?, ?, ±Muç ±Muçff sc scrë rëgg fg ducvg orcmucdmjg hc apcrgmjýd1 ±^arquê1.

^ÇLJDG 70

 

 FG@. ]J]XCKG] CFCMXPADJMA] GDGFALA] (C) G

CR^. = 

Cstc jdvcrsar  madscrvg fg kjskg tcmdafalëg, par fa quc safa cf pcrjaha hc asmjfgmjýd sc vcrëg gocmtgha cd ud kgrlcd hc kjmrascludhas.

A@]CP_GMJADC] Z MADMFS]JADC] HCF CR^CPJKCDXA ◁

◁

Cf ]mbkjtt Xrjllcr usg fg bjstêrcsjs pgrg prcvcdjr cf rujha rujha quc  quc pahrëg tgpgr g fg sc÷gf arjljdgf y quc mgusgrëg ogfsas mgk`jas hc cstgha sj fas djvcfcs hc rcocrcdmjg y cdtrghg sad pgrcmjhas. Cf lcdcrghar hc rcfai prahumc jkpufsas mad udg hctcrkjdghg orcmucdmjg.  ]c puchc trgtgr hc makpadcdtcs kcmçdjmas, cfêmtrjmas, cfcmtrýdjmas a hc madiudtas, quc sad dcmcsgrjas d cmcsgrjas pgrg pramcsgkjcdta hc hgtas y pgrg

sjdmradjzgr.

^ÇLJDG 7=