Unit - 3, PMS Mehods

 

Icpodyii Zir`drchkni Hpprhlsho Citgdes

Ugi icpodyii pir`drchkni hpprhlsho prdniss ls nrunlho `dr drbhklzhtdks d mdds icpodyii prdeuntvly hke lcprdvi gilr dundcis. Mu hogdubg pir`drchkni chkhbicik ls supir lcpdrhk, l“s rhrioy pu d bdde usi. Chky ndcphklis edk“ pu lk gilr mis idr d plna gi mis pir`in pir`drchkni hpprhlsho cigde, wglng ls wgy dkoy 99 pirnik d` icpodyiis miolivi gilrs ls iintvi. H brdwlkb kucmir d` G] prd`issldkhos ripdr gh ixlstkb pir`drchkni hpprhlsho cigdes `hlo d lkirkholzi icpodyii pir`drchkni risuos. Lk `hn, pir`drchkni hpprhlshos hri kdglkb cdri ghk hk icpy muzzwdre lk sdci lkeusrlis„fus h `drcho why `dr ndcphklis d sgdw gh giy ghvi h shkehre prdnieuri lk pohni d cihsuri lkelvleuho ndcpittvikiss. Rght hri pir`drchkni hpprhlshos4

Zir`drchkni hpprhlshos hri hk hkkuho prdniss gh lkvdovis ivhouhtkb icpodyii“s pir`drchkni hke prdeuntvly hbhlks gi pri-eiirclkie si d` dmfintvis `dr gh yihr. L hosd giops d ivhouhi icpodyii“s saloos, srikbg hke sgdrndclkbs. Ugi risuos d` gls pir`drchkni hpprhlsho prdniss eiirclkis gi icpodyiis whbi rhlsi hke prdcdtdk. Ugi dmfintvis d` pir`drchkni hpprhlsho vhrlis `rdc ndcphky d ndcphky hke eipikelkb dk gi lkeusry/ndcphky slzi, gi hpprhlsho cigde vhrlis. Ugi kiie `dr cdeirk pir`drchkni hpprhlsho citgdes

Urheltdkho cigdes d` pir`drchkni hpprhlshos sung hs hkkuho pir`drchkni rivliws suir `rdc chfdr olclhtdks slkni giy `dnus cdri dk cihsurlkb phs pir`drchkni rhgir ghk lcprdvlkb `uuri wdra. Mu dk gi ndkrhry cdeirk pir`drchkni hpprhlsho cigdes giops6 Eiki bdhos noihroy Zrdvlei riho-tci `iiemhna Ikghkni icpodyii pir`drchkni ^pd rhlklkb hke eiviodpcik kiies Dir lkslbgs dk ndukir-prdeuntvi hsas Lcprdvi icpodyii ikbhbicik hke riiktdk Holbk lkelvleuho pir`drchkni wlg muslkiss bdhos Urhks`drc gi wdra`drni lkd h srhibln hevhkhbi Urheltdkho hke cdeirk pir`drchkni hpprhlsho cigdes

 

Hogdubg giri ls kd sung glkb hs uklvirshooy hnnipie pir`drchkni hpprhlsho cigde, cds drbhklzhtdks hnnip gi ^rhuss hke ^hyois nohsslnhtdk. Bidrbi ^rhuss hke Oidkhre ]. ^hyois nohssl`y pir`drchkni hpprhlsho cigdes lkd wd nhibdrlis6 rheltdkho hke cdeirk. Olsie miodw hri gi vhrldus cigdes gh miodkb lk gdsi wd nhibdrlis6 Zir`drchkni hpprhlsho citgdes

Urheltdkho pir`drchkni hpprhlsho cigdes olai hpprhlsho icpohis, rhkalkb, nginaolss, nrltnho n rltnho lknleiks, hke cdri hai h bdho-drlikie hpprdhng hke ivhouhi wdra risuos. Cdeirk cigdes `dnus dk lkelvleuho“s pirsdkholy rhls (nrihtvly, lkibrly, bdho-drlikie hpprdhng, oiheirsglp quholtis) hke ike d mi cdri dmfintvi. ^lx cdeirk pir`drchkni hpprhlsho citgdes

Rlg gi rlbg pir`drchkni hpprhlsho cigde, drbhklzhtdks nhk ikghkni icpodyii pir`drchkni wlglk gi drbhklzhtdk. H bdde icpodyii pir`drchkni rivliw cigde nhk chai gi wgdoi ixpirlikni ixpi rlikni iintvi hke riwhrelkb. Kdw gh gi erhwmhnas d` rheltdkho cigdes hri noihr. Giri“s h nodsi odda h gi slx cds-usie cdeirk pir`drchkni cigdes6 8. Chkhbicikt my Dmfinvis (CMD)

Chkhbicik my dmfintvis (CMD) ls gi hpprhlsho cigde wgiri chkhbirs hke icpodyiis dbigir leikt`y, pohk, drbhklzi, hke ndccuklnhi bdhos. Hir sikb noihr bdhos, chkhbirs hke sumdrelkhis pirldelnhooy elsnuss gi prdbriss chei d ndkrdo hke eimhi dk gi `ihslmloly. Ugls prdniss usuhooy ohys cdri sriss dk hkblmoi wdra dr nhriir-drlikie bdhos. ^d, lkhkblmoi hspins olai lkirpirsdkho saloos, fdm ndcclcik, in. hri dik mrusgie ukeir gi rub. Ugls cigde ls solbgoy ixpikslvi hke tci-lkikslvi. =. >0:-Eibrii @iiemhna

Dkni-lk-h-yihr pir`drchkni hpprhlshos hri ohnahehlslnho hke edk“ wdra. Rdrairs kiie dkbdlkb ndccuklnhtdk wlg ihc oiheirs hke chkhbirs. H ndktkudus prdniss, olai >0:-eibrii `iiemhna, nhk giop icpodyiis shy cdtvhie. Ugls ls dki d` gi cds wleioy usie hpprhlsho cigdes. Lk >0:-eibrii `iiemhna, iviry icpodyii lk hk drbhklzhtdk hpprhlsis gls/gir chkhbirs, piirs, nusdcirs, suppolirs, hke hosd edis h sio`-ivhouhtdk. Ugls cigde iksuris iintvi pir`drchkni hkhoysls hke Udho Icpodyii Lkvdovie (UIL). L` kd ghkeoie prdpiroy, gls cigde nhk hosd suir `rdc gi sumfintvly d` gi hpprhlsir. >. Hssisscikt Niktri Citgde

Ugi hssisscik nikri cigde iss icpodyiis lk h sdnlho-riohie sluhtdk. Ugls ndknip whs lkrdeunie why mhna lk 8: my gi Birchk Hrcy mu l ghs miik pdolsgie hke hlodrie d  dehy“s

 

ikvlrdkcik. Icpodyiis hri hsaie d hai phr lk sluhtdk ixirnlsis olai lk-mhsai ixirnlsis, wdra brdups, slcuohtdks, hke rdoi-pohylkb ixirnlsis gh iksuri sunniss lk h rdoi. Rgloi l blvis hk lkslbg d` gi icpodyii“s pirsdkholy (iglns, doirhkni, prdmoic-sdovlkb saloo, lkrdvirsldk/ixrdvirsldk, hehphmloly, in.), l nhk hosd mriie ukgihogy ndcpittdk hcdkb gi wdrairs hke mihrs hevirsi iins dk odw pir`drcirs. 5. Mighvldrhooy Hkngdrie ]hkb ^nhoi (MH]^)

Mighvldrhooy hkngdrie rhtkb snhois (MH]^) mrlkb du mdg gi quholhtvi hke quhkthtvi mikis lk h pir`drchkni hpprhlsho prdniss. MH]^ ndcphris icpodyii i cpodyii pir`drchkni wlg spinln mighvldrho ixhcpois gh hri hkngdrie d kucirlnho rhtkbs. MH]^ Zir`drchkni Hpprhlsho citgde

Ugls pir`drchkni hpprhlsho cigde ls shle d mi miir ghk gi rheltdkho cigdes. MH]^ prdvleis noihr shkehres, lcprdvie `iiemhna, hnnurhi pir`drchkni hkhoysls, hke ndkslsik ivhouhtdk. Gdwivir, wgik edki chkuhooy l suirs `rdc gi usuho elsdrtdks gh hri lkgirik lk cds rivliw cigdedodblis. 9. Zsyngdodblnho Hpprhlshos

Zsyngdodblnho hpprhlshos ndci lk ghkey d eiirclki gi  gi gleeik pdiktho d` icpodyiis. Ugls cigde `dnusis dk hkhoyzlkb hk icpodyii“s `uuri pir`drchkni rhgir ghk gilr phs wdra. Xuholie psyngdodblss ndkeun h vhrliy d` iss (lk-eipg lkirvliws, psyngdodblnho iss, elsnussldks, hke cdri) d leikt`y hk icpodyii“s icdtdkho, lkiooinuho, hke dgir riohie rhls. Gdwivir, l ls h rhgir sodw hke ndcpoix prdniss hke gi quholy d` risuos ls glbgoy eipikeik dk gi psyngdodbls wgd heclklsirs gi prdnieuri. 0. Guchk-]isdurni (Ndst) Hnndukkb Citgde

Guchk risdurni (nds) hnnduktkb cigde hkhoysis hk icpodyii“s pir`drchkni grdubg gi cdkihry mikis gi/sgi ylioes d gi ndcphky. L ls dmhlkie my ndcphrlkb gi nds d` rihlklkb ri hlklkb hk icpodyii (nds d ndcphky) hke gi cdkihry mikis (ndkrlmutdks) hk drbhklzhtdk ghs hsnirhlkie `rdc gh spinln icpodyii. Rgik hk icpodyii“s pir`drchkni ls ivhouhie mhsie dk nds hnnduktkb cigdes, `hndrs olai ukl-wlsi hvirhbi sirvlni vhoui, quholy, dvirgihe nds, lkirpirsdkho riohtdksglps, hke cdri hri haik lkd hnnduk. Ls glbg-eipikeikny dk gi nds hke miki hkhoysls hke gi cicdry pdwir d` gi rivliwir ls gi erhwmhna d` guchk risdurnis hnnduktkb cigde. Gdw td lcprdvi ydur pir`drchkni hpprhlsho citgde

Rgigir ydu“ri bdlkb d blvi wdrairs h sndri, eihloie `iiemhna, dr spinln tps dk gdw d sunniie h gilr fdms, ydu kiie d khrrdw edwk dk dki hpprdhng gh nhk n hk giop ydu hnglivi hoo gisi bdhos.

 

Ud chai gi cds d` ydur nurrik pir`drchkni hpprhlsho cigdes, ndksleir gi `doodwlkb pdlks6 8. Vird lk dk bdhos \du sgduoe eislbk ydur pir`drchkni chkhbicik cigde mhsie dk wgh drbhklzhtdkho bdhos ydu whk d hnglivi. Ivik gi mis pir`drchkni hpprhlsho cigdes `hlo wgik giy hrik“ bihrie dwhres gi ndri kiies d` h muslkiss. ^lclohroy, gi ndcphky bdhos hke gi rhtdkhoi miglke ndkeuntkb pir`drchkni hpprhlsho sgduoek“ mi h sinri d icpodyiis. Ugls why, giy nhk noihroy ukeirshke gdw gilr prd`issldkho bdhos hke nndkrlmutdks dkrlmutdks nhk mi holbkie wioo wlg gi ndcphky dmfintvis. Ugiy wloo hosd ghvi h miir siksi d` hssisscik gh giy bd grdubg hke ls lcphn dk gilr odkb-irc sunniss.

=. ^runuri gi lk`drchtdk @drcholzi gi dplns gh ydu pohk d elsnuss eurlkb gi pir`drchkni hssisscik. H shkehre srunuri chais l ihslir d iksuri `hlrkiss hke blvi icpodyiis vhouhmoi lk`drchtdk.

H wioo-saingie pir`drchkni hssisscik sgduoe lknouei hk dvirvliw d` hnndcpolsgciks, whys lk wglng gi icpodyii nduoe lcprdvi lk gi `uuri, wgh ypi d` saloos giy kiie d bhlk d miir gilr pir`drchkni, gdw prdbriss ls milkb chei dk spinln bdhos, hke wgh prd`issldkho eiviodpcik dppdrukltis chy mindci hvhlohmoi lk gi `uuri.

>. Ndooin lk`drchtdk lk hevhkni Bikb `iiemhna `rdc ihc cicmirs hke supirvlsdrs wloo chai ydur pir`drchkni hpprhlsho cigde cung cdri vhouhmoi. Ysi elblho `drcs d ednucik icpodyii `iiemhna hke hudchi gi prdniss sd gh ydu edk“ ghvi d rivlsl gi sip tci hke hbhlk. Lksihe, ydu nhk si gi ehh d dw scddgoy hke rdui l grdubg rioivhk shaigdoeirs wgd hri suppdsie d rivliw gi lk`drchtdk.

Zir`drchkni hpprhlsho rhw `hnts

Uyplnhooy, gi G] eiphrcik ruks hk icpodyii hpprhlsho prdniss d buri du gdw wioo icpodyiis hri ikbhbie wlg gilr wdra hke wgh piras nhk miir gi nghknis gilr sunniss.