Unidad 6.2 Impacto de La Industria Petrolera Al Medio Ambiente.

 

Êm`cla

9.4 @aicmclcemas, ldrdltarêstclds y lejpertdjcamte `ao ja`ce djhcamta.

9.8 Cjpdlte `a od cm`ustrcd patreoard do ja`ce djhcamta.

9.< Prdtdjcamte `a rasc`ues paockreses am od cm`ustrcd patreoard.

9.0 Varjcses djhcamtdoas.

4

 

9.4 @aicmc @aicmclce lcemas, mas, ldrdltar ldrdltarêst êstclds clds y lejper lejpertdjc tdjcamte amte `ao ja`ce ja`ce djhcamta. µTuã as ao ja`ce djhcamta5 Ao ja`ce djhcamta as ao lemnumte `a lejpemamtas iêscles, quêjcles, hceoükcles, `a ods parsemds e `a od selca`d` am su lemnumte. Lejpram`a ao lemnumte `a vdoeras mdtu md turd rdoa oas, s, se selc lcdo doas as y luot luotur urdo doas as axcs axcsta tamt mtas as am um oukd oukdrr y am um jeja jejamt mte e `atar `a tarjcm jcmd` d`e, e, qua qua cmiouy cmiouyam am am od vc`d vc`d `ao `ao sar bujdm bujdme e y am ods kamar kamardl dlcem cemas as iuturds. As `alcr, me sa trdtd seoe `ao aspdlce am ao qua sa `asdrreood od vc`d, scme qua qu a tdjhcã tdjhcãm m lejpr lejpram am`a `a d oes oes saras saras vcves vcves,, ehnat ehnates, es, dkud dkud,, suaoe suaoe,, dcra dcra y ods ods raodlcemas amtra aooes. Ver oe tdmte, ao ja`ce djhcamta as ao ärad lem`clcemd`d pdrd od vc`d `a `ciaramtas `ciaramtas saras vcves `em`a sa cmlouyam aoajamtes mdturdoas, selcdoas, dsê leje tdjhcãm lejpemamtas mdturdoas7 leje oe as ao suaoe, ao dkud y ao dcra uhcld`es am um oukdr  y am um jejamte aspalêicle.

@aicmclcüm `a ja`ce djhcamta Od `aicmclcüm `a ja`ce djhcamta as ao aspdlce am ao qua sa `asdrreood od vc`d `a oes saras vcves y qua parjcta od cmtardllcüm `a oes jcsjes. \cm ajhdrke asta scstajd me seoe astä lemierjd`e per saras vcves, scme tdjhcãm per aoajamtes dhcütcles (scm vc`d) y per aoajamtes drtciclcdoas.

Ldrdltarêstclds `ao ja`ce djhcamta Erkdmcsjes>  lemnumt lemnumtes es `a cm`cvc`u cm`cvc`ues es `a `ciaramt `ciaramtas as aspalca aspalcas, s, tdmte tdmte dmcjdoas dmcjdoas leje lej e vakatd vakatdoas oas,, bdla bdlam m oe prep prepce ce bdstd bdstd amle amlemtr mtrdr dr su as aspdl pdlce ce y as astd tdhoa hoalar  lar  pehodlcemas.

8

 

Dkud> tdmte od prasamlcd leje od dusamlcd `a asta oêquc`e vctdo, as doke qua dialtd `a jdmard `craltd ao aqucochrce `ao ja`ce djhcamta, dscjcsje, lerraspem`a d umd sustdmlcd lodva pdrd od suhscstamlcd `a oes erkdmcsjes.

Dcra>  d pdrtcr `a od lejpesclcüm quêjcld `a asta aoajamte, as qua sa pua`am c`amtcicldr astd`es `a lemtdjcmdlcüm. Ver etrd pdrta, asta pua`a ooakdr d cmioucr am od ldoc`d` `ao exêkame qua pdrtclcpd am od raspcrdlcüm.

Pajpardturd> astd jdkmctu` qua bdla raiaramlcd do ldoer qua sa jc`a per ja`ce `a um tarjüjatre, pua`a lejprejatar hdstdmta ao djhcamta, lemsckucam`e qua ao dcra sa pua`d parlchcr irêe e ldocamta ldocamta.. Vuaste qua dokumes erkdmcsjes erkdmcsjes þmcldjamta sehravcvam `amtre `a lcartes rdmkes `a tajpardturd, astd julbds valas pua`a sar  scmümcje `a `atarcere.

Dllc`amtas kaekräicles> sa trdtd `a oes aoajamtes qua lemstctuyam ao raocava `a umd zemd, per anajpoe, oes vdooas y jemtdôds.

Erkdmcsjes Erkdm csjes vcves>  Astes Astes sem sem pcazd pcazd ium` ium`dja djamt mtdo do `ao `ao ja`ce ja`ce djhca djhcamt mta, a, puas puas ierjdm od dllcüm `craltd am ods dotardlcemas e jdmtamcjcamte `a oes prelases djhcamtdoas.

9.8 Cjpdlte `a od cm`ustrcd patreoard do ja`ce djhcamta. Oes cjpdltes djhcamtdoas `a od pre`ullcüm sa raodlcemdm prcmlcpdojamta lem ao jdmane `a oe`es `a parierdlcüm, oes rasc`ues seoc`es, y od astcjuodlcüm, `a oes pezes ja`cdmta dlc`cicldlcüm dlc`cicldlcüm y irdlturdjcamte irdlturdjcamte bc`rduocle. Dsc jcsje lem ao jdmane `a ods dkuds dkuds cm`us cm`ustrc trcdoa doas. s. Am ludm ludmte te d oes oe`s, oe`s, od lemtd lemtdjcm jcmdlc dlcüm üm `a dkuds dkuds supariclcdoas y suhtarrämads as ao jdyer rcaske. Am jaxcle bd sc`e iraluamta od kamardlcüm kamardl cüm `a pdscves djhcamtdoas djhcamtdoas cmtarkamardlcemd cmtarkamardlcemdoas oas dselcd`es dselcd`es d oes prelases `a axpoetdlcüm. Am ludmte d rasc`ues seoc`es, sa tcama qua od lejpesclcüm `a ases rasc`ues am um ldjpe patreoare têpcle jaxcldme, tcama od sckucamta lemstctulcüm> <

 

19% 19 % heosd heosds s `a pdpa pdpaoo `a pre`u pre`ulte ltes s quêjc quêjcles les,, 43% 43% icotre icotres s `a dl dlact acta, a, 9% taod taod cjprakmd`d `a lru`e, 9% lajamte, 1.9% aspujd, pcods hdtarêds, krdsds pdôes dhserhamtas y trdpes lemtdjcmd`es, suaoe lemtdjcmd`e, icotre `a dlacta, dareseoas, pcmturds y rasc`ues jã`cles.

1

 

\a lemsc`ard qua oes lertas `a parierdlcüm bdlam pdrta `a oes rasc`ues paockreses hdsäm`esa am od lemtdjcmdlcüm `a astes oe`es `a parierdlcüm, as cjpertdmta dlodrdr qua oes oe`es `a parierdlcüm tcamam juotcpas lemtdjcmdmtas amtra aooes sa `astdldm hamtemctd, bc`rüxc`e `a petdsce, hdrctd, ldo vcvd, jcld, crc`ce 436, urdlce 434, terce. Me te`es oes lemtdjcmdmtas sem prepces `a oes iouc`es, dokumes `a astes sem prepces `a od ierjdlcüm.

Jdmane `a oes rasc`ues paockreses> Ods parsemds amldrkd`ds am ao jdmane `a `clbes rasc`ues, `aham lujpocr lem ods merjds. merj ds. @em`a @em`a axpema axpema oes astdtutes astdtutes d sakucr sakucr pdrd jcmcjczd jcmcjczdrr oes rcaskes rcaskes qua pua`d eldscemdr d od sdou` puhocld leje ao ja`ce djhcamta. @a ckudo jdmard, sa `aha lemtdr lem parsemds aspalcdoczd`ds am ao jdmane `a rasc`ues paockreses yd qua ludoqucar trdhdnd`er scm `clbd ldpdlctdlcüm sa astd prebchc`d prebchc` d od jdmcpuodlcüm jdmcpuodlcüm `a `clbes rasc`ues7 od ajprasd leje tdo `aha idlcoctdr do tr trdh dhdn dnd` d`er er su sus s cj cjpo poaj ajam amte tes s `a pret pretal allc lcüm üm pars parsem emdo do,, avct avctdm dm`e `e do jäxc jäxcje je dllc`amtas qua pua`dm eldscemdr par`c`ds bujdmds leje d od alemejêd `a od ajprasd.

Jãte`es pdrd ao trdtd`e `a rasc`ues paockreses> Amldpsu Aml dpsuodj odjcam camte te e tdj tdjdoa doas> s> oes lertas `a parierdlcüm lem scocldte `a se`ce, lajamte, lamczds `a ldrhüm y prcmlcpdojamta lem ldo vcvd, sem jdtarcdoas qua sa seoc`cicldm am radllcüm lem dkud, `a je`e qua sa ierjdm ldpsuods, ouake sa ajpdldm y djdrrdm am rands `a jdtarcdo scmtãtcle.  Dsê sa bdlam bdlam oes amldpsuodjcamte amldpsuodjcamtes s qua ouake ouake sa amtcarrdm. amtcarrdm.

Hcerraja`cdlcüm> lemscsta am uotcjdr jclreerkd jclreerkdmcsjes mcsjes leje bemkes y hdltarcds, hdltarcds, pdrd pd rd `akr `akrd` d`dr dr ods ods ld ld`a `amd mds s `a bc`r bc`rel eldr drhu hure res s (lej (lejpo poan anes es lejp lejpua uast stes es `a bc`rekame, ldrheme y etres aoajamtes quêjcles) am lejpuastes scjpoas leje ao kds ldrhümcle LE8, dkud y lejpuastes erkämcles.

9

 

@aserlcüm tãrjcld cm`craltd> as umd tãlmcld pdrd trdtdr od tcarrd lemtdjcmd`d lem `asalbes `asalbe s paockreses ldoamtäm`eod ldoamtäm`eod d umd tajpardturd tajpardturd `a 36¶l d 106¶l d icm `a qua oes lemtdjcmdmtas lem um pumte `a ahuooclcüm hdne sa vdperclam (sa lemvcartdm am kdsas) y, per lemsckucamta, sa sapdram `a od tcarrd. \c qua`dm etres lemtdjcmdmtas, sa trdtdm lem etres jãte`es. Oes lemtdjcmdmtas vdperczd`es sa ralekam y sa trdtdm, kamardojamta lem um scstajd `a trdtdjcamte `a ajcscemas. Od `aserlcüm tãrjcld usd ao ldoer `a jdmard cm`craltd pdrd sapdrdr iêscldjamta oes lemtdjcmdmtas `a od tcarrd.

Lemicmdjcamte> astd prdltcld tcamam od icmdoc`d` `a ra`ulcr ao veoujam `a rasc`ues d jdmandr. \a radoczd d trdvãs `ao amtcarre `a oes rasc`ues am lao`ds d`alud`ds.

Jclre-Lao Jclre -Lao`ds> `ds> sa dpocld astd tãlmcld am oes ldjpdjamtes tajperdoas `a sctces rajetes, lem od icmdoc`d` `a ra`ulcr ao veoujam `a oes rasc`ues erkdmcles. Ao `csaôe `a ods jclre lao`ds lemsc`ard um scstajd `a vamtae `a kdsas y um scstajd `a `ramdna pdrd od raleoallcüm `a oes ocxcvcd`es.

Iesds Ies ds pdr pdrdd `cs `cspes pesclc clcüm üm `a lertas lertas `a parier parierdlc dlcüm> üm>  od iesd iesd utcoc utcoczd zd`d `d pdrd pdrd `cspesclcüm icmdo `a oes rasc`ues süoc`es `a parierdlcüm sa uhcld `a od jcsjd oeldlcüm

`em`a

sa

radoczd

od

parierdlcüm,

su

`csaôe

lemsc`ard

od

cjparjadhcoczdlcüm `ao suaoe, talbd`e y scstajds `a `ramdna pdrd od raleoallcüm `ao dkud pouvcdo. \u ldpdlc`d` `a `csaôe astd `a dluar`e do mujare `a pezes y od preium`c`d` do parierdr. Pe`e ocquc`e rajdmamta am od iesd sarä trdmsiarc`e do scstajd `a trdtdjcamte `a dkuds rasc`udoas cm`ustrcdoas `a od oeldlcüm. Qmd vaz tarjcmd`d ods dltcvc`d`as `a parierdlcüm am ao oukdr, od iesd sarä luhcartd lem suaoe mdturdo y sarä rastdurd`d ja`cdmta tãlmclds `a ravakatdlcüm.

Xaoo Xa ooam ames es sdmc sdmctd tdrc rces es>> oes oes rasc rasc`u `ues es cmer cmerkä kämc mcle les s `a oes oes tcpe tcpes s me paoc paockr kres eses es `ejas `e jastcl tcles es y paockr paockres eses es,, pd pdrd rd oes oes ludo ludoas as me c`amtc c`amtcicl icldre drem m peschc peschcoc` oc`d` d`as as `a ralupardlcüm e ralclodna, sem `cspuastes am raooames sdmctdrces duterczd`es e saräm ralek ral ekc`e c`es s per per ajpra ajprasd sds s qua qua lujpo lujpodm dm lem oes raqu raqucsc cscte tes s lem lem oes raqucs raqucscte ctes s tãlmcles, qua axckam ods amtc`d`as amldrkd`ds

;

 

Hchocekrdiêd> 

\ajdrmdt.keh.jx



Barmäm`az D., (8661), \akurc`d` a Bckcama Cm`ustrcdo, Jãxcle, 8ª A`clcüm, A`ctercdo Ocjusd.



Xdjêraz L. L., (8669), \akurc`d` Cm`ustrcdo> Qm amiequa cmtakrdo, Jãxcle, 8ª A`clcüm, A`ctercdo Ocjesd

2