Unidad 6-Control

 

 

 

 

―APJLBC@J\K] L@ O@]\IKJ @CX^@]B^IBE– 

PJILBL QI.

MKJ\^KE. ―Ijo`ji`rãb `j o`stiýj `cpr`sbribe –  –  ―Orupk– 

288>8.

 

 

KJ\@JI K 

Mkjt`jilk

Pjilbl 1. Mkjtrke. ............................................................................................................... ........................................................... ....................................................... ... >  1.2 Mkjm`ptk ` icpkrtbjmib l`e mkjtrke. ............................................................................. ................................................ ............................. >  1.> Xrijmipiks l` mkjtrke. .................................................................................................... ...................................................... .............................................. =  1.= Xrkm`sk l` mkjtrke. ....................................................................................................... Xrijmipiks l` mkjtrke. 2. @quieinrik

Xbrb mblb orblk l` l`e`obmiýj mkja`rilk l`n` `stbne`m`rs` `e orblk l` mkjtrke mkrr`spkjli`jt`. L` eb ciscb cbj`rb qu` eb butkrilbl s` l`e`ob y eb r`spkjsbnieilbl s` mkcpbrt`, be l`e`obr butkrilbl `s j`m`sbrik `stbne`m`r eks c`mbjiscks pbrb v`riaimbr qu` s` mucpeb eb r`spkjsbnieilbl mkja`rilb y qu` eb butkrilbl l`e`oblb `sté si`jlk l`nilbc`jt` `g`rmilb. >. Ijlimblkr`s

Eks ijlimblkr`s l` bmtubmiýj k `stâjlbr`s, sirv`j l` pbtrýj pbrb `vbeubr eks r`suetblks. Eb `a`mtivilbl l`e mkjtrke `stâ `j r`ebmiýj lir`mtb mkj eb pr`misiýj l` eks ijlimblkr`s, yb qu` éstks p`rcit`j eb `g`mumiýj l` eks pebj`s l`jtrk l` mi`rtks eãcit`s, cijicizbjlk `rrkr`s y `vitbjlk pérlilbs l` ti`cpk y lij`rk. =. Kpkrtujilbl

@e mkjtrke qu` jk `s kpkrtujk mbr`m` l` vbeil`z y jk mucpe` mkj su prkpýsitk. Xbrb qu` s`b `aimbz jk sýek l`n` s`r kpkrtujk, tbcniéj l`n` bjtimipbr `rrkr`s. @s ijlisp`jsbne` qu` eks mkjtrke`s `xistbj `j ti`cpk y akrcb. b. @stbne`mici`jtk l` `stâjlbr`s-ijlimblkr`s k pbrâc`trks mkck ujilbl`s l` c`lilb. =b. O`j`rbmiýj l` uj sist`cb ` ijstruc`jtk l` c`limiýj ` ijakrcbmiýj. ª. Xbrâc`trks, `stâjlbr`s, ijlimblkr`s Mkck yb s` c`jmikjý, l`sl` ti`cpks r`cktks `e dkcnr` tuvk eb j`m`silbl l` c`lir eks a`jýc`jks y `e`c`jtks l` su `jtkrjk6 pbrb tbe `a`mtk r`quiriý l` pbtrkj`s o`j`rbe`s qu` e` sirvi`rbj l` cbrmk l` r`a`r`jmib y e` p`rciti`rbj ee`vbr b mbnk ujb mubjtiaimbmiýj pbrb mkjkm`r y mkcpbrbr r`suetblks. Xksine`c`jt` `e s`r ducbjk s`b `e ÷jimk s`r vivk qu` eks utieizb pbrb pebjiaimbr, sist`cbtizbr, tkcbr l`misikj`s, `tm. @e ]ist`cb Cétrimk L`micbe ti`j` mkck aij krobjizbr ebs c`lilbs pbrb ujb utieizbmiýj ujiv`rsbe6 pkr l`sorbmib, jk tklks eks  pbãs`s l`e cujlk ek bm`ptbj. ]ij `cnbrok, `j `s` baâj pkr c`lir y mkcpbrbr r`suetblks `jtr` eb prklummiýj l` uj pbãs y ktrk suroi`rkj eks pbrâc`trks, `stâjlbr`s ` ijlimblkr`s. Xbrâc`trks

Eks pbrâc`trks,, mkck su jkcnr` ek lim`, skj ujilbl`s qu` s` sirv`j pbrb-c`lir Eks pbrâc`trks sirv`j  pbrb-c`lir `e mkcpkrtbci`jtk l` uj prkm`sk y su r`suetblk (prklumtk y/k s`rvimik)6 p`rcit`j l`t`mtbr l`svibmikj`s b pbrtir l` ujb jkrcb k `stâjlbr. Eks pbrâc`trks s` nbsbj `j eks sist`cbs l` c`limiýj ujiv`rsbe (c`trk, fiek, eitrk, p`sks, `tm.) k `j eks l`sbrrkeeblks pkr ebs `cpr`sbs, si`cpr` y mubjlk `stéj ni`j `stbne`milks y s`bj kng`tivks, y s` utieim`j l` cbj`rb mkjsist`jt`. Eks pbrâc`trks eb nbs` l`e@emkjtrke. Y bujqu` ―tklk s` pu`lb c`lir– jk qui`r`l` l`mir qu` tklk s`skj l`nb c`lir. pujtk m`jtrbe l` uj pbrâc`trk rblimb `j,eb`stk kng`tivilbl eb ujilbl l` c`lilb6 bl`câs, l`n` s`r eb c`lilb bprkpiblb. Pj pbrâc`trk s` mkjsil`rb kng`tivk mubjlk su utieilbl pbrb c`lir `e a`jýc`jk `s p`rcbj`jt`. Ek icpkrtbjt` l` eb kng`tivilbl ―@e mkjtrke jk o`j`rb vbekr bor`oblk be prklumtk y sã ijmr`c`jtb `e mkstk.–   rblimb `j eb mkjsist`jmib l`e pbrâc`trk. Pj `g`cpek l` `eek `s eb utieizbmiýj l`e p`sk mkck ckj`lb pbrb c`lir r`suetblks aijbjmi`rks6 pkr uj eblk `s bprkpiblb bprkpiblb,, p`rk pkr `e ktrk, jk `s kng`tivb, pu`s eb ijaebmiýj dbm` qu` mblb bòk sus r`suetblks s`bj lia`r`jt`s.

@stâjlbr`s.

Eks `stâjlbr`s skj eb jkrcb l` mkcpkrtbci`jtk l`s`blk `j eks r`suetblks l` eb kp`rbmiýj l` uj prkm`sk y l` ebs mbrbmt`rãstimbs mubjtitbtivbs qu` l`n` t`j`r uj prklumtk k s`rvimik. ]` r`pr`s`jtbj pkr c`lik l` uj jiv`e mubjtitbtivk l`e pbrâc`trk.

 

 

Xbrb ieustrbr eb lia`r`jmib `jtr` `stâjlbr y jkrcb, s` tkcbrâ mkck `g`cpek eb c`limiýj l` eb mkjtbcijbmiýj, qu` r`quiriý l` uj pbrâc`trk7 `e Ic`mb (Ãjlim` C`trkpkeitbjk l` eb Mbeilbl l`e Bir`), `e mube au` mkjm`nilk `sp`mibec`jt` pkr mi`jtãaimks, tkcbjlk `j mu`jtb ujilbl`s l` niýxilk l` jitrýo`jk, kzkjk y pbrtãmuebs susp`jlilbs `j `e bir`. @stb c`limiýj b su v`z r`quiriý l`e lis`òk l` `stâjlbr`s l` mbeilbl l` bir`7 l` 8 b 288 Ic`mbs r`pr`s`jtbj uj jiv`e ―bm`ptbne`–6 `jtr` 282 y >88 yb jk `s tbj abvkrbne`, y b pbrtir l` >88 s` `stbne`m`j  pebj`s l` mkjtijo`jmib (bmmikj`s mkrr`mtivbs). mkrr` mtivbs). L` cbj`rb qu` eb ujilbl l` c`lilb `s `e  pbrâc`trk, y `e jiv`e bm`ptbne` `s `e `stâjlbr. Ijlimblkr`s.

Eks ijlimblkr`s l` mbeilbl skj cbjia`stbmikj`s l` eb bet`rbmiýj b eb jkrcbeilbl k  pr`misikj`s mubjtitbtivbs l` éstb. Xkr `g`cpek, `j `e mbsk l` eb sbeul, eb t`cp`rbturb l`e mu`rpk l`n` s`r l` =1.0¸, y mubjlk s` pr`s`jtbj sãjtkcbs mkck `jrkg`mici`jtk, mbjsbjmik, l`mbici`jtk, kgks dujlilks, `tm., `stk `s ijlimbtivk l` uj prknbne` `xm`sk l` t`cp`rbturb y,  pkr ek tbjtk, l` uj prkne`cb l` sbeul. Eks ijlimblkr`s ijlimblkr `s `j kmbsikj`s tbcniéj skj s`òbe`s s`ò be`s  pksitivbs l` qu` beok `stâ ni`j6 pkr `g`cpek, uj ijmr`c`jtk l` v`jtbs, v`jtbs , liscijumiýj l` qu`gbs, `tmét`rb. Eks pbrâc`trks, eks `stâjlbr`s y eks ijlimblkr`s skj eb `s`jmib l`e mkjtrke y skj tktbec`jt` j`m`sbriks pbrb blcijistrbr ujb `cpr`sb, ujb krobjizbmiýj, ` ijmeusk eb sbeul. =ª. ]ist`cb l` c`limiýj ` ijakrcbmikj Eks mkjtrke`s jk aujmikjbj pkr sã skeks, r`qui`r`j l` uj sist`cb l` ijakrcbmiýj y l` c`mbjiscks l` c`limiýj. Eb ijakrcbmiýj ti`j` qu` knt`j`rs` lurbjt` eb `g`mumiýj l` ebs kp`rbmikj`s l` eb `cpr`sb6 limdb ijakrcbmiýj s` ekorb orbmibs b r`oistrks unimblks `strbtéoimbc`jt` `j eks prkm`sks prklumtivks, blcijistrbtivks y l` mkc`rmibeizbmiýj. Dky `j lãb, orbmibs be mýliok l` nbrrbs y b ebs mkcputblkrbs qu` ti`j`j e`mtkrbs ýptimbs, `j `e ckc`jtk l` r`beizbr ujb kp`rbmiýj s` r`oistrb be cisck ti`cpk `e ckvici`jtk. Xkr `g`cpek, be mknrbr uj md`qu` `j uj nbjmk, ujb p`rskjb v`riaimb eks lbtks y mbsi sicuetâj`bc`jt` mkekmb `e md`qu` `j ujb e`mtkrb ýptimb qu` v`riaimb sbelks6 `j `st` mbsk, s` l`smbrob `e icpkrt` l` eb mu`jtb l` krio`j y b su v`z s` r`oistrb `e ckvici`jtk l` `a`mtivk b mbrok l`p`jli`jt` (mbg`rk). \bcniéj, `j ebs mkcprbs sup`rc`rmblk, ýptimbl`e `j eb mbgb r`oistrb `e icpkrt` b mknrbr, l`smbrob l`el`e becbméj `e brtãmuekebye`mtkrb cumdbs v`m`s `xist` eb kpmiýj l` prkorbcbr qu` eb mkcputblkrb krl`j` ujb mkcprb mubjlk `e jiv`e l`e ijv`jtbrik ee`ou` b l`t`rcijblk pujtk. \klk `stk s` db ekorblk orbmibs b eb mkcputblkrb6 l` d`mdk dby `cpr`sbs qu` trbnbgbj yb sij pbp`e y `e sist`cb l` ijakrcbmiýj, l` r`oistrk y l` c`limiýj dbm` dbstb eb mkjtbnieilbl. O`j`rbr uj sist`cb l` ijakrcbmiýj `s ujb l` ebs tbr`bs l`e lis`òblkr l` uj sist`cb blcijistrbtivk. @s pkr `stk qu` dky s` mu`jtb mkj eb mbrr`rb l` ijakrcâtimb, pbrb l`sbrrkeebr `e skatwbr` blcijistrbtivk. Eks sist`cbs l` ijakrcbmiýj tbcniéj byulbj b c`lir `e l`s`cp`òk orbmibs be sist`cb l` cbmrks l` ebs mkcputblkrbs, `e mube p`rcit` prkorbcbr aýrcuebs l` mk`aimi`jt`s l` `aimi`jmib, prklumtivilbl, `aimbmib y l` icpbmtk.

 

 

@stbs aýrcuebs skj ijt`rpr`tblbs, r`oistrblbs ` ijakrcblbs `j eks ckjitkr`s l` ebs mkcputblkrbs k s` icpric`j `j pbp`e b eb v`ekmilbl l` eb euz. Pj `g`cpek s`jmieek s` `jmu`jtrb `j `e mbcpk l`e l`pkrt`, yb qu` be pr`s`jtbrs` ujb bjktbmiýj `j uj pbrtilk l` a÷tnke, `e tbne`rk `e`mtrýjimk s`òbeb eb v`ekmilbl l`e nbeýj dbmib eb pkrt`rãb, bsã mkck `e mk`aimi`jt` l` bmi`rtks y tirks b eb ciscb. Cumdbs `cpr`sbs tklbvãb jk sist`cbtizbj sus mkjtrke`s y dbm`j c`limikj`s bjube`s k c`jsube`s l`e mkcpkrtbci`jtk l` sus pebj`s, prkorbcbs y vbribne`s, ek qu` dbm` qu` eks mkjtrke`s s`bj l`cbsiblk mkstksks y pkmk `a`mtivks, pu`s eb ijakrcbmiýj ti`jl` b p`rl`r v`rbmilbl pkr `e ti`cpk ijv`rtilk `j `e prkm`sk y `j eb `jtr`ob l` ijakrcbmiýj b eks jiv`e`s qu` ijt`rpr`tbj y tkcbj l`misikj`s. Ruizâ `e âr`b câs l`sbrrkeeblb `j mkjtrke`s, ijakrcbmiýj, ijt`rpr`tbmiýj y bjâeisis `s `e âr`b aijbjmi`rb, orbmibs `j orbj pbrt` b eks sist`cbs mkjtbne`s qu` r`oistrbj mubequi`r ckvici`jtk qu` bet`rb ebs mu`jtbs l` r`oistrk. ]ij `cnbrok, cumdbs `cpr`sbs p`qu`òbs utieizbj su ijakrcbmiýj mkjtbne` aijbjmi`rb sýek pbrb aij`s aismbe`s y r`beizbj bulitkrãbs ijt`rjbs `j akrcb c`rbc`jt` p`riýlimb, ek qu` e`s r`stb mkcp`titivilbl ` ijmeusk ebs pkj` `j ri`sok bjt` `e aismk `j `e mbsk l` qu` duni`rb beo÷j cbe cbj`gk l` uj `cpe`blk. Ebs `cpr`sbs ni`j blcijistrblbs, bujqu` s`bj p`qu`òbs, ti`j`j sist`cbs l` ijakrcbmiýj `j vbribs âr`bs y r`oistrbj mbsi butkcâtimbc`jt` tklbs sus prijmipbe`s kp`rbmikj`s mkjtbne`s6 bsicisck, mu`jtbj mkj sist`cbs qu` cil`j mbeilbl l` prkm`sks y sbtisabmmiýj l`e mei`jt`, jk mkj eb v`ekmilbl mkjtbne`-aijbjmi`rk, p`rk sã mkj eb qu` e`s p`rcit` tkcbr l`misikj`s kpkrtujbs `j âr`bs l` prklummiýj, mkc`rmibeizbmiýj y r`mursks ducbjks. ? Eitrks pkr vbmb be lãb6 `stb ijakrcbmiýj s` pu`l` mkcpbrbr mkj ktrks rbjmdks siciebr`s, c`gkr blcijistrblks, qu` lbj ==-=< Eitrks libriks. Dky `j lãb `s abmtine` y j`m`sbrik mkcpbrbr ebs ujilbl`s l`  prklummiýj mkj ktrks pbãs`s. Ebs c`limikj`s l`e l`s`cp`òk tbcniéj s` dbm`j mkj bulitkrãbs bulitkrãbs p`riýlimbs  p`riýlimbs b ebs kp`rbmikj`s, qu` s` mkjkm`j mkck bulitkrãbs blcijistrbtivbs kp`rbmikj`s, blcijistrbtivbs,, mkjtbne`s, mkjtbne`s, aismbe`s, aismbe`s, `tm., mkj `e aij l` v`riaimbr qu` jk s` bet`r` eb ijakrcbmiýj y s` kmuet`j prkne`cbs k s` mkc`tbj arbul`s. Eks libojýstimks krobjizbmikjbe`s jk pr`t`jl`j bprknbr k r`prknbr b ujb `cpr`sb, sijk `jmkjtrbr kpkrtujilbl`s l` c`gkrb pbrb dbm`rebs câs mkcp`titivbs.

 

 

0ª. C`lilbs mkrr`mtivbs pr`vibs Bujqu` eks sist`cbs l` mkjtrke `stéj ni`j l`sbrrkeeblks y t`jobj `stâjlbr`s l` `aimi`jmib mebrks, tbcniéj l`n`j s`r `jriqu`milks mkj `e `stbne`mici`jtk l` bmmikj`s mkrr`mtivbs b  prkne`cbs, s`o÷j eb vbribnieilbl y `e orblk l` eb abeeb. Ebs c`lilbs mkrr`mtivbs  pr``stbne`milbs ti`j`j pkr kng`tk s`òbebr ek qu` s` l`n` dbm`r mubjlk s` pr pr`s`jtb `s`jtb ujb abeeb, ek qu` `s l` orbj utieilbl pbrb cumdks kp`rbriks qu` pkr ek o`j`rbe jk ti`j`j ji eb `xp`ri`jmib ji eb akrcbmiýj prka`sikjbe témjimb j`m`sbribs pbrb sbn`r qué dbm`r bjt` uj  prkne`cb `j ujb câquijb, uj prkm`sk prklumtivk prk lumtivk k uj prkm`sk blcijistrbtivk. @s knvik qu` eb blcijistrbmiýj l` cumdbs `cpr`sbs jk `s tbj mkcpe`gb mkck eb ijo`ji`rãb l` cumdbs câquijbs6 bsã, si `j ujb `cpr`sb abeeb câs l` 0% l`e p`rskjbe, `s pksine` `stbne`m`r eb c`lilb mkrr`mtivb l` mkjtrbtbr `v`jtube`s nbgk mi`rtbs mkjlimikj`s. Eb t`cpkrbeilbl y eb `stbmikjbeilbl dbm`j qu` cumdbs `cpr`sbs t`jobj mimeks l` betb l`cbjlb `j mi`rtbs épkmbs l`e bòk, ek mube dbm` qu` `stbs krobjizbmikj`s `stbne`zmbj bmmikj`s b s`ouir bjt` `stbs vbribmikj`s l` l`cbjlb6 pkr `g`cpek, uj dkt`e qu` `j mi`rtbs épkmbs l`e bòk ti`j` betb l`cbjlb, pu`l` `stbne`m`r eb pkeãtimb l` bcpeibr eb mkjtrbtbmiýj l` p`rskjbe b  pbrtir l`e ckc`jtk `j qu` s` r`nbs` 40% l` su kmupbmiýj. Ebs c`lilbs mkrr`mtivbs pr`vibs skj uj brcb l` lks aieks6 pkr uj eblk, r`su`ev`j prkne`cbs mkj bjtimipbmiýj, sknr` tklk eks câs mkcuj`s, y byulbj b ujb blcijistrbmiýj câs mi`jtãaimb y sist`câtimb, p`rk tbcniéj o`j`rbj qu` `e p`rskjbe, eks sup`rviskr`s y eks o`r`jt`s r`oikjbe`s sýek s` bp`ou`j be cbjube y s` qu`l`j pbrbeizblks sij sbn`r qué dbm`r bjt` abeebs jk prkorbcblbs. 1ª. @vbeubmiýj o`j`rbe l`e mkjtrke Eks mkjtrke`s tbcniéj l`n`j s`r kng`tk l` `vbeubmiýj mkjtijub, yb qu` uj mkjtrke cbe lis`òblk s` ee`ob b mkjv`rtir `j au`jt` l` prkne`cbs ` ijmeusk dbm` qu` eks prkne`cbs  pr`vbe`zmbj. Xkr `g`cpek, `j `e s`mtkr p÷neimk tklbvãb p`rsist`j mkjtrke`s qu` s` o`j`rbrkj nbgk lia`r`jt`s mirmujstbjmibs k e`y`s/r`oebc`jtks, ek qu` o`j`rb trbnbgk ijj`m`sbrik y  prkne`cbs b eks usubriks l` eks s`rvimiks. @s j`m`sbrik qu` eks `jmbroblks l`e lis`òk l`e prkm`sk blcijistrbtivk y eks mkjtrke`s s` akrcue`j ebs sioui`jt`s pr`oujtbs mkjtijubc`jt`7 • »Muâe `s eb rbzýj l` s`r l` `stb ijakrcbmiýj; • »@j qué `jriqu`m` eb tkcb l` l`misikj`s k eb nu`jb blcijistrbmiýj; • »Muâe `s `e mkstk-n`j`aimik l`e cisck;

 

 

1.< \émjimbs l` mkjtrke. 1.88?) Kns`rvbmiýj p`rskjbe. Eks guimiks y ebs kns`rvbmikj`s p`rskjbe`s skj c`liks ÷tie`s pbrb

mkcpe`tbr eks r`suetblks r`jlilks pkr uj ni`j `strumturblk sist`cb l` mkjtrke, p`rk jk skj uj sustitutk bprkpiblk l` uj sist`cb bl`mublk l` r`pkrt` y mkjtrke. Eb kns`rvbmiýj p`rskjbe `s eb témjimb câs rulic`jtbrib. Ci`jtrbs qu` eks mkjtrke`s s` vu`ev`j câs skaistimblks, `s ijlisp`jsbne`s eb r`visiýj aãsimb l` ebs c`rmbjmãbs, l` eks ijv`jtbriks, l` ebs dkrbs, l` eks l`s`cnkesks `j `a`mtivk y ktrks lbtks mubjtitbtivks. Mubjlk ebs témjimbs l` mkjtbnieilbl skj usblbs, eks r`suetblks knt`jilks skek s` mkcp`jlibj y s` r`pkrtbj `j akrcb sup`raimibe. Eks sist`cbs l` mkjtrke câs pr`misks,  nusmbj l`tbeebr ebs mu`jtbs l` v`jtbs, mrélitks, mkstk mk stk tktbe y bsã l` cbj`rb sum`sivb `j akrcb l` r`ebmiýj. Bjbeisis l` eks mk`aimi`jt`s ijlimblkr`s. Pj mk`aimi`jt` ijlimblkr (r`ebmiýj k rbzýj) `s

ujb cbj`rb l` `xpr`sbr eb r`ebmiýj prkpkrmikjbe `jtr` lks c`lilbs. Eks mk`aimi`jt`s  pu`l`j s`r `xpr`sblks mkck7 mk ck7 b) Pjb prkpkrmiýj, usbjlk lks pujtks pbrb s`pbrbr ebs lks c`lilbs7 27>  n) Pjb arbmmiýj 2/> m) Pj pkrm`jtbg` 08% Mubequi`rb qu` s`b `e cétklk l` `xpr`siýj (prkpkrmiýj, arbmmiýj k pkrm`jtbg`). Pj mk`aimi`jt` ijlimblkr si`cpr` ckstrbrb eb cbojitul l` eb r`ebmiýj `jtr` lks c`lilbs. @e bjâeisis l` eks mk`aimi`jt`s `jtr` vbribs c`lilbs l` eb `g`mumiýj kp`rbtivb, `s ujb témjimb l` mkjtrke cuy ÷tie y j`m`sbrik. Xbrb cbykr mkjv`ji`jmib, eks mebsiaimbcks `j mk`aimi`jt`s aijbjmi`rks, eks mube`s mkjtrinuy`j prijmipbec`jt` b uj cbykr y c`gkr `jt`jlici`jtk l` eb mkjlimiýj aijbjmi`rb l` eb `cpr`sb. B mkjtijubmiýj s` pr`s`jtbj `g`cpeks l` `stb mebsiaimbmiýj. Mk`aimi`jt`s ijlimblkr`s aijbjmi`rks • Ptieilbl mkck uj pkrm`jtbg` l` mbpitbe ijv`rtilk.  • Ptieilbl mkck uj pkrm`jtbg` l` ebs v`jtbs.  • Mk`aimi`jt` l` eiquil`z.   • Mk`aimi`jt` l` skev`jmib. 

Eks mk`aimi`jt`s kp`rbtivks skj bqu`eeks qu` prkv``j l` cbykr mkcpr`jsiýj l` eks bsp`mtks r`ebmikjblks mkj eb kp`rbmiýj l` eb `cpr`sb, câs qu` ujb bpr`mibmiýj l` su `strumturb aijbjmi`rb, `j `s` s`jtilk, skj r`a`rilks mkck mk`aimi`jt`s kp`rbtivks.

 

 

\r`s l` `eeks mkjtrinuy`j be mkjkmici`jtk l` eb aujmiýj l` ebs v`jtbs `j eb `cpr`sb, `e mubrtk `s uj mkjm`ptk o`j`rbeizblk l` ebs aujmikj`s l` ijsuck-prklumtk. B mkjtijubmiýj s` cu`strbj `g`cpeks l` `stks mk`aimi`jt`s7 Mk`aimi`jt`s ijlimblkr`s kp`rbtivks • Q`jtbs j`tbs sknr` `e ijv`jtbrik  prkc`lik. • Q`jtbs j`tbs sknr` `e tktbe l`e c`rmblk.   • Obstks l` v`jtb sknr` v`jtbs j`tbs.   • Mk`aimi`jt`s l` ijsuck-prklumtk.

- Ckjtk su`elks/v`jtbs j`tbs. - Dkrbs/dkcnr` trbnbgblbs/ujilbl`s prklumilbs. - Mkstk puneimilbl/ujilbl`s v`jlilbs. Bjbeisis l`e pujtk l` `quieinrik. @e bjâeisis l`e pujtk l` `quieinrik utieizb eks ciscks mkjm`ptks `cpe`blks `j eb mkja`mmiýj l` eks pr`supu`stks vbribne`s. Y `s ktrb akrcb, pkr eb

mube, eks lbtks pu`l`j s`r bjbeizblks mkj prkpýsitks `sp`mãaimks l` mkjtrke. @e bjâeisis l`e pujtk l` `quieinrik ijt`jtb l`t`rcijbr, qu` vkeuc`j l` v`jtbs l`n`râ ekorbrs` pbrb munrir eks mkstks aigks y vbribne`s r`ebmikjblks mkj uj prklumtk `j pbrtimuebr k mkj ujb eãj`b l` prklumtks. Eb ciscb témjimb tbcniéj pu`l` utieizbrs` pbrb vbekrizbr eks obstks l` uj brtãmuek, mkck skj eks obstks l`e mkstk l` eks bjujmiks, r`ebmikjblk mkj uj  prklumtk l`t`rcijblk. Eb akrcb câs s`jmieeb pbrb bjbeizbr `e pujtk l` `quieinrik, s`pbrb eks mkstks aigks y vbribne`s, bl`câs trbtb l` mbemuebr `j qu` vkeuc`j eks mkstks aigks skj muni`rtks pkr eb mkjtrinumiýj pbrb mkstks aigks. @stb muktb s` knti`j` pkr c`lik l` ujb sicpe` r`stb l`e mkstk vbribne` l` mblb ujilbl c`jks `e pr`mik l` v`jtb. ]i `e pr`mik l` v`jtb `s l` $288.88 pkr ujilbl y `e mkstk vbribne` l` $18.88. Eb mkjtrinumiýj pkr ujilbl pbrb munrir eks mkstks aigks s`râ l` $