Understanding IEC 61850 Basics

Anoop A Parapurath IDC\PT 6th May 2014

IEC 61850 Basics

IEC 61850 Basics Content Part 1 §

Utility, Substation & Substation automation function

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IEC & IEC 61850

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IEC 61850 Data Model

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Commonly used services of IEC 61850 (GOOSE, MMS)

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Performance requirement

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IEC 61850 basic engineering concept & Demo using PCM600

Part 2

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ACSI & SCSM

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The Goal of the IEC 61850 standard

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Conformance testing handling & Tissues

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IEC 61850 Ed 2.0 – A quick glance

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IEC 61850 parts of the standard

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Conformance documents

IEC 61850 Basics

Part 1

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Utility - Overview 400 kV

Transmission substation

Transformer

132/110 kV

66 / 33 kV

Main substation

Secondary substation

36kV - 24kV – 12kV

400 V

Distribution substation

Substation An electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low or the reverse using transformers. Electric power may flow through several substations between generating plant and consumer, and may be changed in voltage in several steps.

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Substation Continued…

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Substation Continued…

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IEC IEC 61850 The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the world’s leading organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies

IEC 61850 Ed 1.0 => Communication networks and systems in substations IEC 61850 Ed 2.0 => Communication networks and systems for power utility automation

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Substation automation functions §

Protection §

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Control §

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Earth fault, Over current, Distance etc

Operation of switches (Circuit breaker, Isolators etc)

Monitoring §

The position of switches

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Current , Voltage, Power etc.

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Warning & Alarming events

Note: Only the basic functions and services are covered in this session

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Single Line Diagram single-line diagram (SLD) is a simplified notation for representing a threephase power system

Bay © ABB Group May 12, 2015 | Slide 10

Substation automation functions Protection Transformer

CT -> Current Transformer VT -> Voltage Transformer

Protection IED

Protection IED © ABB Group May 12, 2015 | Slide 11

Line to transmit Power

Substation automation functions Protection Continued…. Transformer

CT -> Current Transformer VT -> Voltage Transformer

Protection IED

Fault current Blocking information Fault current

Protection IED © ABB Group May 12, 2015 | Slide 12

Fault

Line to transmit Power

Substation automation functions Protection Continued…. Transformer

CT -> Current Transformer VT -> Voltage Transformer

Protection IED

Protection IED © ABB Group May 12, 2015 | Slide 13

Line to transmit Power

Substation automation functions Control

Station HMI

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Operation of §

Circuit breaker

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Isolators

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Earth switch

Substation automation functions Control Continued…. Transformer

CT -> Current Transformer VT -> Voltage Transformer

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Protection & Control IED

Protection & Control IED Line to transmit Power

Substation automation functions Control Continued…. Transformer

CT -> Current Transformer VT -> Voltage Transformer

Protection IED

Protection IED © ABB Group May 12, 2015 | Slide 16

Line to transmit Power

Substation automation functions Monitoring

Station HMI

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Switch position

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Current, Voltage, power

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Alarming conditions

Substation automation functions Summary Station HMI

Transformer

CT -> Current Transformer VT -> Voltage Transformer

Protection IED

Control Protection Monitoring

*Apart from Station HMI, control and monitoring is possible locally at the IED or Switchgear *Arrow marks are shown only for explaining the The functionality

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Protection IED Line to transmit Power

Substation automation function Levels Process level

Bay level

Bay 1

Station level

REPORT CONTROL

GOOSE

MMS

IEC 61850 8-1 Station bus Bay 2

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Substation automation function Levels Process level

Bay level

Bay 1

REPORT CONTROL MMS GOOSE

IEC 61850 9-2 Process Bus

Bay 2

Station level

IEC 61850 8-1 Station bus

MU – Merging Unit © ABB Group May 12, 2015 | Slide 20

Substation automation function Levels

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Substation automation Data Exchange

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IEC 61850 Station bus §Data

is transferred mainly according IEC 61850-8-1:

§Control

service §Commands

§Report

service §Indications to IEC 61850 clients

§GOOSE

service §Indication and information exchange between bay level IEDs

§File

transfer service §Transmission of disturbance records

Note: Only commonly used services are mentioned. For more details on services refer IEC 61850 7-2 and IEC 61850 8-1

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IEC 61850 Data model - Logical Node (LN) §

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Definition §

An object which represent a specific function in a domain e.g Substation automation, Hydro Power plant etc

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A named grouping of data and associated services that is logically related to a function.

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Smallest part of a function that exchanges data.

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Logical node classes are defined in IEC 61850 7-4

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4 letters are used for defining the logical node class e.g. STMP, XCBR

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First letter represents the function group which belongs to e.g. in STMP, S denote is logical node for a supervising function

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A logical node type is created out of classes by adding prefix and instance number as suffix e.g CNSCSTMP1

IEC 61850 Data model - Logical Node

LN class name

DO name

Description

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Information from IEC61850 7-4 Ed (2.0)

IEC 61850 Data model - Logical Node Type

LN Type from LN Class CNCSTMP1 Alm Trip

Information from IEC61850 7-4 Ed (2.0)

Allows inclusion of vendor specific DOs while creating a LN type. Refer the MICS document © ABB Group May 12, 2015 | Slide 26

IEC 61850 Data model – Common Data Class

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Information from IEC61850 7-4 Ed (2.0)

IEC 61850 Data model – Common Data Class

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Information from IEC61850 7-3 Ed (2.0)

IEC 61850 Data attribute - quality

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IEC 61850 Data reference – From LN level

CNCSTMP1/Alm/stVal CNCSTMP1/Alm/q CNCSTMP1/Alm/t

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IEC 61850 Logical Device (LD) • Entity that represents a set of typical automation, protection or other functions • It is a meaningful collection of LNs for performing a common action e.g. Monitoring, Protection , Control etc

IED Name (Technical Key)

Logical devices

Physical device © ABB Group May 12, 2015 | Slide 31

IEC 61850 View

IEC 61850 Data reference from communication interface

CNSCSTMP1 Alm Trip

IECV1208a/CNC_1/CNSCSTMP1/Alm/stVal

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IEC 61850 Data Model

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Substation automation function Monitoring – Report Service Process level

Bay 1

Bay level

Station level

REPORT

IEC 61850 8-1 Station bus Bay 2 MU – Merging Unit © ABB Group May 12, 2015 | Slide 34

IEC 61850 Report Service •

Two Party Association => Client – Server based

Report Control block Attributes for Data exchange

Dataset CNC_1\CNCSTMP1\Alm (FC=ST) CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm (FC=ST) CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm (FC=ST)

FCDA => Used to group commonly used data attributes for easy retrieval © ABB Group May 12, 2015 | Slide 35

Collection

IEC 61850 Report Service Report Control block Dataset CNC_1\CNCSTMP1\Alm (FC=ST) CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm (FC=ST) CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm (FC=ST)

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Trigger option

Data change (DChg ) Quality change (QChg) Data update (Dupd) Cyclic time Integrity (Cyclic) General interrogation

Type of Reporting

Buffered Un-buffered

Buffer Time (BufTm)

IEC 61850 Report Service BRCB – Buffered Report Control Block Internal events (caused by trigger options data-change, quality-change, and data-update) issue immediate sending of reports orbuffer the events (to some practical limit) for transmission, such that values of data object are not lost due to transport flow control constraints or loss of connection. BRCB provides the sequence-of-events (SOE) functionality;

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IEC 61850 Report Service URCB – Un-buffered Report Control Block Internal events (caused by trigger options data-change, quality-change, and data-update) issue immediate sending of reports. If no association exists, or if the transport data flow is not fast enough to support it, events may be lost.

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IEC 61850 GOOSE • • •

Generic Object Oriented Substation Event Multicast Fast transfer

GOOSE Control block Attributes for Data exchange

Dataset CNC_1\CNCSTMP1\Alm .stVal CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm.q

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Collection

IEC 61850 GOOSE GOOSE Control Block Dataset CNC_1\CNCSTMP1\Alm .stVal CNC_1\CNCSTMP2\Alm.q

APP-ID VLAN-ID VLAN-PRIORITY MinTime MiaxTime

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IEC 61850 GOOSE

MinTime

T0 (T0) event. T1 T2, © ABB Group May 12, 2015 | Slide 41

MaxTime

retransmission in stable conditions (no event for a long time). retransmission in stable conditions may be shortened by an shortest retransmission time after the event. T3 retransmission times until achieving the stable conditions time.

IEC 61850 Performance requirement

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IEC 61850 Performance requirement Continued…

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IEC 61850 Performance requirement Continued… Type 1A “Trip” The trip is the most important fast message in the substation. Therefore, this message has more demanding requirements compared to all other fast messages. Same performance may be requested for interlocking, intertrips and logic discrimination between protection functions.

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IEC 61850 Performance requirement Continued… Type 1B “Others” All other fast messages are important for the interaction of the automation system with the process but have less demanding requirements compared to the “trip”. The performance for automation functions are typically between the response time of operators (order of 1 000 ms) and of protection (order of 10 ms). This performance is also valid for such messages between a substations automation systems and other local systems.

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IEC 61850 Ed 1.0 Engineering - SCL •

Engineering information exchange is done using Substation Configuration Language (SCL)

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XML format

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ICD, SCD,SSD are the file types used during engineering and are based on SCL •

ICD

IED Capability Description

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SCD

System Configuration Description

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SSD

System Specification Description

Note: IEC 61850 Ed 2.0 uses two more file types IID and SED for engineering

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SED

System Exchange Description

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IID

Instantiated IED Description

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IEC 61850 Ed 1.0 Engineering workflow

ICD SCD

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IEC 61850 IED Configurator • Create the ICD file, • To modify the data model, parameter and configuration values either for a new ICD file • IED configurator is responsible for binding incoming data from other IEDs as defined within an imported SCD file to internal signals, e.g. by means of the SCL Input section, and for generating and loading the IED instance specific configuration data, which a CID file could be a part of. • Write the Configuration into IED

PCM600

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IEC 61850 System Configurator • Create IED instances • Engineer the data flow between the IEDs, give addresses to them

Note: For the detailed capability of System Configurator, refer IEC 61850-6 Ed2.0 Page 109

PCM600

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IEC 61850 System Configurator Continued… • Create IED instances from IED templates • Engineer the data flow between the IEDs, give addresses to them • Bind the logical nodes to the primary system

Note: For the detailed capability of System Configurator, refer IEC 61850-6 Ed 2.0 Page 109

IET600

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IEC 61850 Ed 1.0 Engineering workflow System Configurator IED Configurator

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Instantiation of 2 REC650 IEDs

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Creation of Dataset for GOOSE service

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Creation of GOOSE control block

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Connecting to GOOSE data to subscribing IED

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Creation of Dataset for Report service

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Creation of Report control block

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Generation of SCD file and quick walk through

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IEC 61850 Basics

Part 2

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IEC 61850 ACSI – Abstract Communication Service Interface ACSI defines • A hierarchical class model of all information that can be accessed via a communication network •

E.g. get the list of Logical nodes under an LD

• Services that operate on these classes •

E.g. Control services like operate

• Parameters associated with each service •

E.g. Control value (ctlVal) carries the value whether to open or close the switch

Reference : IEC 61850 -7-2 Ed 2.0 © ABB Group Month DD, Year

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IEC 61850 SCSM – Specific Communication Service Mapping It specifies the mapping of the objects and services of the ACSI (Abstract Communication Service Interface, IEC 61850-7-2) to MMS (Manufacturing Message Specification, ISO 9506)and ISO/IEC 8802-3 frames.

SCSM

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IEC 61850 SCSM – Specific Communication Service Mapping Continued..

Reference : IEC 61850 -8-1 Ed 2.0 © ABB Group Month DD, Year

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IEC 61850 SCSM – Specific Communication Service Mapping Continued..

SCSM

Reference : http://blog.iec61850.com/2010/08/many-abstract-and-concrete-layers-in.html © ABB Group Month DD, Year

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IEC 61850 Long term stability Slow

Application Domain Substation

Long-term definition Safe-guarding investments

Application •Objects •Services

Abstract Interface Adaptation per selected stack

Mapping

Fast

Communication Technology

7 6 5 4 3 2 1

ISO/OSI seven layer stack

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Stack Interface MMS TCP/IP Ethernet

Stack selection following state-of-art Communication technology Approach of IEC61850

IEC 61850 A view of Data model and services

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IEC 61850 The goal of the IEC 61850 standard Interoperability

The ability for IED’s from one or several manufacturer to exchange information and use the information for the their own functions.

Free Configuration The standard shall support different philosophies and allow a free allocation of functions e.g. Can work in a centralized architecture as well as distributed architecture Long Term Stability The standard shall be future proof, i.e. it must be able to follow the progress in communication technology as well as evolving system requirements.

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IEC 61850 Interoperability ABB

ABB

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SIEMENS

SIEMENS

ALSTOM

IEC 61850 Interoperability Continued.. §

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Common standardized data model

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Common standardized service model

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Common standardized protocol

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Common standardized communication architecture

IEC 61850 - 6

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Common standardized engineering data exchange

IEC 61850 - 10

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Common standardized conformance tests

IEC 61850 -7 -3, 7-4

IEC 61850 - 7-2, 8-1

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What is needed for interoperability:

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IEC 61850 Free configuration

Reference : IEC 61850 -5 Ed 2.0 © ABB Group Month DD, Year

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IEC 61850 Long term stability Slow

Application Domain Substation

Long-term definition Safe-guarding investments

Application •Objects •Services

Abstract Interface Adaptation per selected stack

Mapping

Fast

Communication Technology

7 6 5 4 3 2 1

ISO/OSI seven layer stack

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Stack Interface MMS TCP/IP Ethernet

Stack selection following state-of-art Communication technology Approach of IEC61850

IEC 61850 Standardised conformance test

IEC 61850 - 10

UCA international user group (ucaiug) • Manages Quality program • IEC 61850 Testing sub committee • Set-up and maintain test procedures • Accreditation procedures for test labs • Sharepoint with documents, minutes of meeting and certificates

http://www.ucaiug.org/

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IEC 61850 Standardised conformance test

IEC 61850 - 10

Vendor independent Testing agency

Link for presentation from KEMA Link to the IEC 61850 conformance certificate of products

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IEC 61850 Tissues •

Technical Issues in the released standard • http://tissues.iec61850.com/default.mspx

• *This site has no search unfortunately. However, you can search it using Google search, with the following search string: • site:http://www.tissues.iec61850.com what-I-look-for Example: site:http://www.tissues.iec61850.com maxAttributes

* Information from IEC61850 group in Yammer

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IEC 61850 Ed 2.0

Communication networks and systems for power utility automation

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IEC 61850 Ed 2.0 Extended Data Exchange

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IEC 61850 Ed 2.0 Engineering

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IEC 61850 Ed 2.0 Parts of the standard

New documents in IEC 61850 Ed 2.0 Reference : IEC 61850- 5 Ed 2.0 © ABB Group Month DD, Year

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IEC 61850 Conformance documents MICS •

Model Information Conformity Statement

PICS •

Protocol Information Conformity Statement

PIXIT •

Protocol Implementation Extra information

TICS •

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Technical Issue Conformance Statement

IEC 61850 Useful Links Yammer IEC61850 Group LinkedIn 61850 Group IEC61850 Blog

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