Tutorial DEA R

 

 

^utmrbja

jtj  Divdamphdit Jijaysbs ijaysbs  wbtk wbtk  ndjV  Njtj

Udrsbmi :.7 (Dspjúma) (Imvbdhfrd 67:;)

Ublditd Lmaa‗\drrjim(:)  Vjejda Fdiètdz(6)  (. Lmhm lrdjr ui prmydltm. Ti dcdhpam…..………………………………………………….. dcdhpam…..………………………………………………….. 4. Bistjajr y ljr`jr ndjV…………………..……………………………………………………………...………… ndjV…………………..……………………………………………………………...…………

: 6 6 < > > 4 4 5 5 5 0

4.:. Bistjajr ndjV……………………………… ndjV………………………………….………………………………………………… ….……………………………………………………… …… 0 4.6. Ljr`jr ndjV…............................ ndjV….............................……………………………………………………… .…………………………………………………………… …… ; 5. @ujrnjr @ujrnjr da slrbpt slrbpt y ldrrjr ldrrjr aj sdssbmi sdssbmi nd trjfjcm.………………………………………………………. trjfjcm.……………………………………………………….

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0. Jiêabsbs Divmavditd nd Njtms lmi ndjV……………………… ndjV……………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………….. :7 0.:. Bhpmrtjr njtms di V\tunbm…..…………………………………………………………………… V\tunbm…..…………………………………………………………………… 0.6. Jndlujr ams njtms ja emrhjt nd ndjV………………………………………………………… ndjV………………………………………………………… 0.6.:. Jyunj nd ndjV..……………………………………………………………………………… ndjV..………………………………………………………………………………

:: :5 :5

rdjn]njtj()……………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………….. …………….. 0.6.6. Euilbüi rdjn]njtj()…… 0.6.. Euilbüi rdjn]njtj]euzzy() rdjn]njtj]euzzy()……………………………………………… …………………………………………………………… …………… 0.. Dxtrjllbüi nd ams prbilbpjads rdsuatjnms…………………… rdsuatjnms………………………………………………… …………………………… 0.4. Vdsuhdi nd rdsuatjnms. Aj euilbüi suhhjry() suhhjry().…………………………………….. .……………………………………..

:; 67 64 60 :

 

^utmrbja3 Njtj Divdamphdit Jijaysbs wbtk ndjV

:. :.   BI^VMNTLLBÜI. ndjV   ds ui pjqudtd nd V (smetwjrd abfrd) qud pdrhbtd dcdlutjr ui jhpabm y vjrbjnm ióhdrm ndjV nd hmndams fjsjnms di da Jiêabsbs Divmavditd nd Njtms. Dstd tutmrbja dstê pdisjnm pjrj qud ams im usujrbms nd V pudnji utbabzjr da pjqudtd   ndjV ndjV,, : pdrm im ds uij hjiuja nd bitrmnullbüi j V . 0. \b drds usujrbm nd V pudnds br nbrdltjhditd j ajs sdllbmids 4 y 0. ndjV   sd lmivbdrtj di da smetwjrd rdedrditd nd jqudaams bivdstb`jnmrds, Zudrdhms qud ndjV prmedsmrds, dstunbjitds y usujrbms di `didrja nda Jiêabsbs Divmavditd nd Njtms. Wmr dstm, rdjahditd j`rjndldrdhms lujaqubdr lmhditjrbm y su`drdilbj pjrj hdcmrjr ndjV.  ndjV.  ^jhfbâi jldptjhms su`drdilbjs nd hmndams NDJ y lmisbndrjrdhms su prm`rjhjlbüi di iudvjs vdrsbmids nd ndjV. ndjV. Di dstd sditbnm, ims `ustjrèj jitblbpjr qud di uij iudvj vdrsbüi nd ndjV ndjV   sd bilaubrêi hmndams m ljrjltdrèstbljs im lufbdrtms jltujahditd lmhm3 NDJ dstmlêstblm, Idtwmro NDJ, èinblds nd Hjahqubst (mtrjs ndslmhpmsblbmids y fmmtstrjpbi`), vjamrds id`jtbvms y dxtdisbüi nd biputs/mutputs im ndsdjfads j mtrms hmndams di ams qud jkmrj im dstêi nbspmibfads, dtl. \kbiy  (ds uij jpabljlbüi wdf bitdrjltbvj). Ms Di frdvd ajizjrdhms aj vdrsbüi ndjV \kbiy  hjitdinrdhms biemrhjnms lujinm aj jpp dstâ nbspmibfad.

  6. ND\LJV@JV D BI\^JAJV V R V\tunbm.

Wjrj pmndr utbabzjr ndjV  ndjV da prbhdr pjsm lmisbstd di ndsljr`jrims d bistjajr V y V\tunbm.

6.:.  Bistjajlbüi nd V. Wjrj bistjajr V di iudstrm mrndijnmr, vjhms j aj pê`bij wdf nd V prmcdlt 3 kttp3//www.r‗ prmcdlt.mr` (vdr Eb`urj :). Eb`urj :. Wê`bij wdf nd V.

Wjrj ndsljr`jr V, kjldhms labl di LVJI y sdadllbmijhms da diajld nda ‑dspdcm‘  hês   hês prüxbhm j iudstrj ufbljlbüi.  :

www.uv.ds/vlmaa dstê  dstê nbspmibfad ui Lursm bitrmnultmrbm nd V (di dspjúma).  Di www.uv.ds/vlmaa kttps3//lrji.r‗prmcdlt.mr`/nml/hj iujas/r‗rdadjsd/V‗bitrm.pne  sd/V‗bitrm.pne  (di  (di Bi`aâs). kttps3//lrji.r‗prmcdlt.mr`/nml/hjiujas/r‗rdadj

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©Lmaa‗\drrjim, U.? Fdiètdz, V. jin Fmaüs, U. (67:;)

 

^utmrbja3 Njtj Divdamphdit Jijaysbs wbtk ndjV Jkmrj, di euilbüi nda sbstdhj mpdrjtbvm nd iudstrm mrndijnmr, sdadllbmijhms aj mplbüi jndlujnj (vdr Eb`urj 6). Eb`urj 6. Udrsbmids nd V.

j) Bistjajr V di Pbinmws. Ja kjldr labl smfrd Nmwiamjn V emr Pbinmws brdhms j aj pê`bij qud sd rdprmnuld hês jfjcm. Kjldhms labl smfrd bistjaa V emr tkd ebrst tbhd (vdr Eb`urj ‗fbt)

Wrbhdrm, `ujrnjhms da eblkdrm. J lmitbiujlbüi, am jfrbhms pjrj bistjajr V\tunbm. \d`ubhms ajs bistrullbmids nd bistjajlbüi.

.   Lmhm lrdjr y trjfjcjr lmi prmydltms di V\tunbm Tij vdz kdhms jrrjiljnm V\tunbm, ndfdrèjhms dstjfadldr da nbrdltmrbm nd trjfjcm pjrj binbljr j V y V\tunbm nmind sd diluditrji iud iudstrms strms njtms, slrbpts, ddtl. tl. \bi dhfjr`m, di iudstrj mpbibüi, aj hdcmr mplbüi ds lrdjr ui prmydltm. Ja lrdjr ui prmydltm tmnms ams eblkdrms (nd njtms, slrbpts, dtl.) y nbrdltmrbms qudnji vbiluajnms nbrdltjhditd ja prmydltm. Ds ndlbr, tmnm da trjfjcm qud rdjabldhms di ui prmydltm dstjrê jutm‗lmitdibnm di da nbrdltmrbm nda prmydltm. Nd dstj emrhj, eêlbahditd pmndhms lmhpjrtbr iudstrm prmydltm lmi ja`ubdi hês m pmndhms lmpbjr y pd`jr iudstrm prmydltm di mtrm mrndijnmr, dtl. Imtj bhpmrtjitd3 Lrdjhms ui prmydltm pjrj ljnj jltbvbnjn/trjfjcm (pmr dcdhpam, pjrj ljnj jrtèluam/pjpdr). Wjrj mr`jibzjr lmrrdltjhditd ui prmydltm, rdlmhdinjhms lrdjr ui nbrdltmrbm dspdlèeblm pjrj ams njtms, rdsuatjnms, nmluhditms nd tdxtm, dtl.

>.:.  Lrdjr ui prmydltm. Wjrj lrdjr ui prmydltm di V\tunbm, sdadllbmijhms Ebad 9 Idw prmcdlt... \d jfrbrê uij vditjij sbhbajr j aj qud sd hudstrj di aj sb`ubditd Eb`urj.

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©Lmaa‗\drrjim, U.? Fdiètdz, V. jin Fmaüs, U. (67:;)

 

^utmrbja3 Njtj Divdamphdit Jijaysbs wbtk ndjV Eb`urj 2. Lrdjr prmydltm di V\tunbm.

Wjrj lrdjr ui prmydltm di ui iudvm nbrdltmrbm, kjldhms labl di da fmtüi Idw Nbrdltmry . \d`ubnjhditd, sdadllbmijhms da tbpm nd prmydltm, di iudstrm ljsm Idw Wrmcdlt . Jkmrj, jsb`ijhms ui imhfrd ja nbrdltmrbm (ljrpdtj) qud sd vj j lrdjr y qud ja hbshm tbdhpm sdrê da imhfrd nda prmydltm nd V. Wjrj tdrhbijr, kjldhms labl di da fmtüi Lrdjtd Wrmcdlt . Ja sd`ubr dstd prmldsm sd kjfrê lrdjnm uij ljrpdtj di Nmluhditms  y nditrm dilmitrjrdhms da jrlkbvm3 ‑imhfrd]ljrpdtj.Vprmc‘ . Wjrj lrdjr ui prmydltm di uij ljrpdtj qud yj dxbstd, kjldhms labl di da fmtüi Dxbstbi` Nbrdltmry  y   y ndspuâs sdadllbmijhms da nbrdltmrbm m ljrpdtj jyunêinmims nda fmtüi Frmwsd…. Tij vdz dad`bnj aj ljrpdtj, labljhms di da fmtüi Lrdjtd Wrmcdlt .

>.6.  Jfrbr ui prmydltm. Wjrj jfrbr ui prmydltm, kjldhms nmfad labl smfrd da jrlkbvm lmi dxtdisbüi ‑ .Vprmc ‘. ‘. ^jhfbâi pmndhms jfrbr da prmydltm ndsnd da hdió nd V\tunbm3 Ebad 9 Mpdi Wrmcdlt…  Uditjcj nd ams prmydltms3 lujaqubdr eblkdrm qud `ujrndhms trjfjcjinm di ui prmydltm sd `ujrnjrê di aj ljrpdtj nda prmydltm.

>..>.  Lühm lrdjr ui prmydltm. Wjsm :. Jfrbr V\tunbm Wjsm 6. \dadllbmijr Ebad 9 Idw Wrmcdlt   Wjsm . Wrmcdlt ^ypd3 sdadllbmijr Idw Wrmcdlt Wjsm 4. Nbrdltmry ijhd3 Wjpdr]:  Wjsm prmcdlt sufnbrdltmry me 3 sdadllbmijr lmi da frmwsd aj rutj nmind sd lrdjrê53daLrdjtd prmydltm. Wmr js dcdhpam, sdadllbmijr da dslrbtmrbm.

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©Lmaa‗\drrjim, U.? Fdiètdz, V. jin Fmaüs, U. (67:;)

 

^utmrbja3 Njtj Divdamphdit Jijaysbs wbtk ndjV Wjsm 0 . Kjld labl smfrd Lrdjtd Wrmcdlt. 

Vdsuatjnm3 Di da dslrbtmrbm sd kjfrê lrdjnm uij ljrpdtj lmi da imhfrd ‑Wjpdr]:‘. Nditrm nd Vdsuatjnm3 dstj ljrpdtj kjfrê nms eblkdrms (vdr Eb`urj :7)3  

Wjpdr]: (typd3 Wjpdr]:  (typd3 V Wrmcdlt)

 

.Vkbstmy (typd3 VKB\^MR ebad)

Eb`urj :7. Wrmydltm ‑Wjpdr]:‘.

Imtj bhpmrtjitd3 Aj sdsbüi nd trjfjcm lmi ui prmydltm sd jfrbrê sbdhprd kjlbdinm nmfad labl smfrd da eblkdrm V Wrmcdlt m Ebad 9 Mpdi Wrmcdlt  y  y sdadllbmijinm da prmydltm

\d rdlmhbdinj im trjfjcjr sbhuatêidjhdit sbhuatêidjhditdd lmi vjrbms v jrbms prmydltms.

4. 4.   Bistjajr y ljr`jr ndjV Jfrbr V\tunbm m da prmydltm ‑Wjpdr]:‘. \dadllbmijr Ebad 9 Idw Ebad 9 V slrbpt  

4.:.  Bistjajr ndjV. Wjrj bistjajr ndjV, ndjV, dslrbfbr di da slrbpt3 bistjaa.pjloj`ds(‑ndjV‘) y dcdlutjr aj bistrullbüi3 kjldr labl di da fmtüi Vui3

(vdr Eb`urj ::).

Di aj pdstjúj Wjloj`ds sbtujnj di aj vditjij biedrbmr ndrdlkj nd V\tunbm, jpjrdld da abstjnm nd tmnms ams pjqudtds qud da usujrbm tbdid bistjajnms di V. Jkmrj ndfdrèj jpjrdldr ndjV. ndjV. 0

©Lmaa‗\drrjim, U.? Fdiètdz, V. jin Fmaüs, U. (67:;)

 

^utmrbja3 Njtj Divdamphdit Jijaysbs wbtk ndjV Imtj bhpmrtjitd3  bhpmrtjitd3  ndjV uij  uij vdz. Ajs iudvjs \mam kjy qud bistjajr ndjV vdrsbmids nd ndjV ndjV   ajs pmndhms mftdidr jltujabzjinm da pjqudtd. Eb`urj ::. Bistjajr ndjV.

4.6.  Ljr`jr ndjV. Tij vdz bistjajnm ndjV, ndjV, m lujaqubdr mtrm pjqudtd nd V, pjrj usjram prbhdrm kjy qud ljr`jram (vdr Eb`urj :6). Wjrj daam, dslrbfbhms di da slrbpt3 abfrjry(‑ndjV‘) y dcdlutjhms aj bistrullbüi kjlbdinm labl di da fmtüi Vui3 Imtj bhpmrtjitd3 Ds idldsjrbm ljr`jr ndjV ndjV di  di ljnj sdsbüi nd trjfjcm.

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©Lmaa‗\drrjim, U.? Fdiètdz, V. jin Fmaüs, U. (67:;)

 

^utmrbja3 Njtj Divdamphdit Jijaysbs wbtk ndjV Eb`urj :6. Ljr`jr ndjV.

5. 5.   @ujrnjr da slrbpt y ldrrjr aj sdsbüi nd trjfjcm. Wjrj `ujrnjr da slrbpt, sdadllbmijhms Ebad 9 \jvd js...  Jkmrj, imhfrjhms da eblkdrm (pmr dcdhpam3 sdsbmi]:) y kjldhms labl di da fmtüi \jvd. Wmr ndedltm da slrbpt sd `ujrnjrê di da prmydltm nd trjfjcm (‑Wjpdr]:‘ ). ). Dstj ds uij vditjcj nd trjfjcjr lmi prmydltms. Mfsdrvjn qud jkmrj da imhfrd nda nmluhditm V (slrbpt) kj ljhfbjnm nd ‑ Titbtadn:‘ j ‑sdsbmi]:.V‘ (vdr Eb`urj :. Wjsms pjrj utbabzjr ndjV.

0.:. Bhpmrtjr njtms di V\tunbm. Da prbhdr pjsm lmisbstd di ljr`jr (bhpmrtjr) ams njtms qud vjhms j utbabzjr pjrj aj deblbdilbj utbabzjinm da jiêabsbs divmavditd nd njtms. Da usujrbm im ejhbabjrbzjnm lmijijabzjr V pudnd utbabzjr aj mplbüi Bhpmrt njtjsdt , ds huy sdilbaaj nd utbabzjr. Ujhms j vdram lmi da Dcdhpam :.

:. Ljr`jr di V njtms nd ui eblkdrm Dxlda3 Dcdhpam :.  www.uv.ds/vlmaa/Lmaa]Fajslm]6775.xasx   y :. Ndsljr`j ams njtms nda dcdhpam ndsnd www.uv.ds/vlmaa/Lmaa]Fajslm]6775.xasx `ujrnj da eblkdrm di aj ljrpdtj nda prmydltm ‑ Wjpdr]:‘. 6. Nda hdió Divbrmihdit sbtujnm di da pjida supdrbmr bzqubdrnm, sdadllbmijhms aj mplbüi3 Bhpmrt Njtjsdt 1 Ermh Dxlda (vdr Eb`urj :4).  Eb`urj :4. Bhpmrtjr njtms nd Dxlda.

::

©Lmaa‗\drrjim, U.? Fdiètdz, V. jin Fmaüs, U. (67:;)

 

^utmrbja3 Njtj Divdamphdit Jijaysbs wbtk ndjV . Jkmrj pmndhms vdr uij prdvbsujabzjlbüi nd ams njtms ‑ Lmaa]Fajslm]6775.xasx ‘ y ajs mplbmids nd bhpmrtjlbüi qud sd kji utbabzjnm. Di aj pjrtd biedrbmr bzqubdrnj nd dstj vditjij sd hudstrj da lünb`m V utbabzjnm pmr Bhpmrt Dxlda Njtj (vdr Eb`urj :0). Lmhm dstê sdadllbmijnj aj mplbüi Mpdi Njtj Ubdwdr  da pjida supdrbmr ndrdlkm) sd abstji ams mfcdtms   qud vjhms lrdjinm di V. Jkmrj hbshm tdidhms süam ui mfcdtm3 ‑Lmaa]Fajslm]6775‘. Nd kdlkm, dstd mfcdtm ds ui njtjerjhd qud lmitbdid 5 mfsdrvjlbmids nd 4 vjrbjfads. Eb`urj :;. Wrmydltm ‑Wjpdr]:‘.

Di aj Lmismaj pmndhms vdr da lünb`m utbabzjnm pjrj bhpmrtjr ams njtms (vdr Eb`urj :;)3   abfrjry(rdjnxa)  abfrjry(rdjnxa) ↖ ljr`j da pjqudtd rdjnxa



  Lmaa]Fajslm]6775 1‗ rdjn]dxlda(‑Lmaa]Fajslm]6775.xasx‘) rdjn]dxlda(‑Lmaa]Fajslm]6775.xasx‘)   ↖ aj euilbüi rdjn]dxlda() rdjn]dxlda()   (nda pjqudtd rdjnxa) add da eblkdrm nd njtms y jsb`ij (1‗ ) ams njtms ja mfcdtm ‑Lmaa]Fajslm]6775‘.

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Huy bhpmrtjitd3 bhpmrtjitd3 ^drhbimam`èj V3 J 1‗ F  F  Dstm sb`ibeblj qud F (am qud sdj F? ui njtjsdt, da rdsuatjnm nd uij mpdrjlbüi hjtdhêtblj, uij euilbüi, dtl.) ds jsb`ijnm (1‗) ja mfcdtm J.   Ubdw(Lmaa]Fajslm]6775)  Ubdw(Lmaa]Fajslm]6775) ↖ vbsujabzj (Ubdw) da mfcdtm ‑ Lmaa]Fajslm]6775‘.

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5. Lmpbjhms da lünb`m jitdrbmr di da slrbpt ‑ Titbtadn:‘ y am `ujrnjhms lmi da imhfrd ‑sdsbmi]6‘. Iudstrm prmydltm ndfdrèj pjrdldrsd j aj Eb`urj qud sd diluditrj hês jfjcm (Eb`urj :2).

>

 ^mnm di V ds ui mfcdtm. Ti mfcdtm pudnd sdr ui njtjsdt, uij euilbüi, uij bistrullbüi, uij hjtrbz, dtl.

:<

©Lmaa‗\drrjim, U.? Fdiètdz, V. jin Fmaüs, U. (67:;)

 

^utmrbja3 Njtj Divdamphdit Jijaysbs wbtk ndjV Eb`urj :2. @ujrnjr slrbpt nd bhpmrtjr njtms.

Di pmstdrbmrds sdsbmids yj im sdrê idldsjrbm rdjabzjr ams pjsms : j 4 pmrqud tdidhms da lünb`m di da eblkdrm ‑ sdsbmi]6.V‘. Wjrj bhpmrtjr iudvjhditd ams njtms nd ‑Lmaa]Fajslm]6775.xasx ‘ süam tdinrdhms qud dcdlutjr da lünb`m nd ‑ sdsbmi]6.V‘. ndjV ndjV   tjhfbâi nbspmid nd ui bhpmrtjitd ióhdrm nd njtjsdts. Dstms njtms prmldndi nd jrtèluams yj pufabljnms y smi utbabzjnms pjrj rdpabljr ams rdsuatjnms nd ams jrtèluams. Wdisjhms qud dstm ds ui vjamr jújnbnm qud merdld ndjV ndjV j  j ams bivdstb`jnmrds y usujrbms nd NDJ pmrqud ds uij jyunj bhpmrtjitd pjrj ams prmldsms nd disdújizj‗jprdinbzjcd nd aj hdtmnmam`èj NDJ. Wmndhms lmisuatjr aj dstrulturj y euditd nd ams njtms kjlbdinm usm nd aj jyunj nd ndjV4. Udjhms lmhm ljr`jr ui njtjsdt di da Dcdhpam 6.

Dcdhpam 6. Ljr`jr njtms nd ndjV ndjV.. Wjrj vdr ams njtms nbspmibfads di ndjV ndjV,, dslrbfbhms (vdr Eb`urj 67)3 njtj(pjloj`d8‘ndjV‘)  njtj(pjloj`d8‘ndjV‘)  y dcdlutjhms aj bistrullbüi.

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 Mftdidr jyunj di V3 kttps3//www.r‗prmcdlt.mr`/kdap.ktha 

:>

©Lmaa‗\drrjim, U.? Fdiètdz, V. jin Fmaüs, U. (67:;)

 

^utmrbja3 Njtj Divdamphdit Jijaysbs wbtk ndjV Eb`urj 67. Njtjsdts suhbibstrjnms di ndjV.

Wjrj ljr`jr ui njtjsdt sd utbabzj aj euilbüi njtj() njtj().. Wmr dcdhpam, vjhms j ljr`jr ams njtms nd 5 ^mhobis y @rddi (:2;;) . Da imhfrd nd dstd njtjsdt ds ‑ Ndpjrthdits‘. Wmr tjitm, dslrbfbhms (vdr Eb`urj 6:)3 njtj(‑Ndpjrthdits‘) di da slrbpt ‑sdsbmi6.V‘. \b qudrdhms vbsujabzjr ams njtms dslrbfbhms (vdr Eb`urj 6:)3 Ubdw(Ndpjrthdits) Eb`urj 6:. Ljr`jr y vbsujabzjr njtms.

Dcdlutjhms ajs bistrullbmids kjlbdinm labl di

. (vdr Eb`urj 66).

5  ^mhobis,

L.? @rddi, V. (:2;;). "Ji Dxpdrbhdit bi tkd Tsd me Njtj Divdamphdit Jijaysbs emr Dvjaujtbi` tkd Deeblbdily me TO Tibvdrsbty Ndpjrthdits me Jllmuitbi`", Ebijilbja Jllmuitjfbabty jin Hjij`dhdit, >(6), :>0‗ kttps3//nmb.mr`/:7.::::/c.: .mr`/:7.::::/c.:>5;‗7>7;.:2;;.t >5;‗7>7;.:2;;.tf77625.x f77625.x   :5>. kttps3//nmb

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©Lmaa‗\drrjim, U.? Fdiètdz, V. jin Fmaüs, U. (67:;)

 

^utmrbja3 Njtj Divdamphdit Jijaysbs wbtk ndjV Eb`urj 66. Ubsujabzjlbüi nd ‑Ndpjrthdits ‘.

Mfsdrvjn qud jkmrj tdidhms nms mfcdtms (‑Lmaa]Fajslm]6775‘ y ‑Ndpjrthdits‘). ‑Ndpjrthdits‘ ds ui njtjerjhd qud lmistj qud 67 mfsdrvjlbmids (NHTs) y :: vjrbjfads. Jkmrj, `ujrnjhms ‑sdsbmi]6.V‘ y ldrrjhms da prmydltm ‑Wjpdr]:‘. \jabhms nd V\tunbm. Jkmrj, `ujrnjhms 0.6. Jndlujr ams njtms ja emrhjtm nd ndjV. ndjV. ndjV pjrj  pjrj Tij vdz ljr`jnms ams njtms, da sb`ubditd pjsm ds jndlujrams ja emrhjtm qud utbabzj ndjV addrams. ndjV nbspmid nd trds euilbmids nd adlturj nd njtms. Ljnj emrhjtm nd adlturj rdspmind j uij ndjV nbspmid ndtdrhbijn tbpmam`èj nd hmndam NDJ3 rdjn]njtj()3 rdjn]njtj()3 sb vjhms j dcdlutjr ui hmndam NDJ lmivdilbmija (m laêsblm). rdjn]hjahqubst()3 rdjn]hjahqubst()3 sb vjhms j jpabljr da Èinbld nd prmnultbvbnjn nd Hjahqubst. rdjn]njtj]euzzy()3 sb vjhms j dcdlutjr ui hmndam NDJ lmi njtms bilbdrtms (NDJ rdjn]njtj]euzzy()3 euzzy). 0.6.:.  Jyunj nd ndjV0. Tsjinm aj jyunj nd ndjV pmndhms ndjV pmndhms jprdindr lühm usjr uij euilbüi dspdlèeblj. Jlldnbdinm ndjV pmndhms  pmndhms addr smfrd ams jr`uhditms nd aj euilbüi m smfrd dcdhpams smfrd j aj jyunj nd ndjV lühm usjr aj euilbüi. Ujhms j vdr lühm usjr aj euilbüi nd jyunj lmi da Dcdhpam

67

©Lmaa‗\drrjim, U.? Fdiètdz, V. jin Fmaüs, U. (67:;)

 

^utmrbja3 Njtj Divdamphdit Jijaysbs wbtk ndjV Imtj3 \b ldrrjhms aj sdssbüi nd trjfjcm, tdidhms qud jfrbr da prmydltm ‑ Wjpdr]:‘ y ndjV.. aud`m lrdjr da slrbpt. Di dstd ljsm, im tdidhms qud mavbnjr ljr`jr iudvjhditd ndjV 6.  Ljr`jhms da njtjsdt nd ndjV3 ndjV3 ‑Dlmimhy‘.