Tumor Markers or Tumor Antigen

Tumor Markers or Tumor Antigen Produced directly by the tumor or by nontumor cells Consist Consist of hierar hierarchy chy of clinica clinicall laborato laboratory ry test from the least to the most informative & used in oncology Benefts Screening for common cancers Moni Monito tori ring ng of canc cancer er surv surviv ivor ors s afte afterr treatment Diagnosis of specic tumor types particularly in brain tumors and instances where biopsy is not feasible Determi Determinin ning g the eective eectiveness ness of cancer cancer treatment Determining recurrent cancer Useul markers used to determine recurrent cancer Prostate specic antigen  PS! " # prostate cancer $uman Chorionic gonadotrophin  $C% " for gestational trophoblastic tumors and some germ cell cancers !lpha-feto protein # germ cell cancers C! '( # for epithelial ovarian cancer Carcinoembryonic antigen  C)!" for colon & rectal cancers C!-( # * # for breast cancer Two groups + Canc Cancer er spec speci ic c mar, mar,er ers s '+ issu issue e speci specic c mar,e mar,ers rs •

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C! '( C! 8' -9 C! 3-3 Calcitonin C)! #Carcinoembryonic antigen Cga # chromagnin ! S::  !  ! 3:  hyroglobulin  hyroglobulin  P! #tissue #tissue polypeptide polypeptide antigen antigen Hormone receptors $). ' $cg  beta $C% " 5!S!5!S!-p p  lipi lipid d asso associ ciat ated ed sial sialic ic acid acid in plasma ;S)  neuron specic enolase " ;M'' PS! P!P # prostatic acid phosphatase PSM! PSM! # pros prosta tate te # spec speci ic c memb membra rane ne antigen • • • • • • • • • •

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1. Alpa! Alpa!et etopr oprote otein in " A#$ A#$ % $elpful in the diagnosis of liver cancer  hepatocellular carcinoma " /sually less than : ng7ml