Tugas 3 Ars 301

 

WTIAR 2 A_R 2=1 Ekgra ]drcaka Ruieka/?=15=2= Ruieka/?=15=2=51=5 51=5 @htldr (?===) odrpdkgapat oanwa ja`thr pdkdktu `dodrnaselak gegalac cdkfalak`ak usana agalan prhgu`/pdlayakak, naria, prhchse gak tdcpat. Agapuk prhgu` yaki geodre`ak `dpaga `ledk hldn rucan sa`et agalan odrupa prhgu` fasa (Ldstare, ?==7). Rdcdktara etu naria cdkfage pdrtecoakiak hraki uktu` cdcelen rucan sa`et, `ardka naria nar ia cdr cdrupa upa`ak `ak fuc fuclan lan uak uaki i ya yaki ki geo geoutu utun`a n`ak k ukt uktu` u` cdk cdkgap gapat` at`ak ak sdf sdfuc uclan lan `hcoekase gare prhgu` pdlayakak (@htldr, ?===). Gdkiak gdce`eak gapat gekyata`ak oanwa aktara naria gak pdlayakak cdcele`e nuoukiak yaki `uat. Odrgasar`ak nal tdrsdout para pdla`u pdlayakak gdkiak prhgu` fasa getuktut uktu` cdkeki`at`ak cutu pdlayakakkya sdbara preca, fe`a ekiek cdkgapat`ak tdcpat galac pasar yaki ca`ek gdwasa (]drcaka, ?==?).

Leki`u Leki `uki kiak ak ektd ektdrk rkal al ru ruca can n sa sa`e `ett td tdrg rger eree ga gare re su suco codr dr ga gaya ya ru ruca can n sa`e sa`ett ya yaki ki odrgas odr gasar` ar`ak ak sej sejatk atkya ya cd cdlep lepute ute suc sucodr odr gay gaya a odr odrwuf wufug ug gak suc sucodr odr gay gaya a teg tega` a` odrwufug. A. Rucodr Gaya Odrwufug 1.Oakiukak gak ]dralatak Rucodr Ruc odr ga gaya ya odr odrwuf wufug ug aga agalan lan su sucod codrr gay gaya a ya yaki ki gap gapat at gel gelena enat, t, ges gesdkt dktun un gak gerasa`ak cdkiiuka`ak pakba ekgra cakusea. _ucan sa`et odraga ge satu tdcpat atau lh`ase tdrtdktu tdrgere gare oakiukak-oakiukak idguki, ya`ke idguki-idguki uktu Ekstalase Iawat Garurat, _awat Falak, _awat Ekap, Odgan, Laohrathreuc, Ieze, Jarcase, Lhukgry gak sdoaiaekya uktu` cdcodre`ak pdlayakak `dsdnatak, caupuk pdlayakak pdkukfaki. Rdlaek oakiukak idguki-idguki idguki-idguki tdrsdout ge rucan sa`et fuia gesdgea`ak tdcpat par`er uktu` para `aryawak gak pdkiukfuki rucan sa`et, `aktek, gak ga k

cusn cu snhl hla. a.

Ge

gala ga lac c

idgu id guki ki-i -idg dguk uki i

tdrs td rsdo dout ut

tdrg td rgap apat at

pdra pd rala lata tak k

gak ga k

pdrldki`apak sdsuae gdkiak `doutunak sdteap ruaki. ]dralatak tdrgere gare pdralatak uktu` cdges caupuk khk cdges. ?. Rucodr Gaya Cakusea

 

Rdlaek oakiukak idguki gak pdralatak sdrta pdrldki`apak rucan sa`et, hpdrasehkal pdlayakak `dsdnatak ge rucan sa`et gefalak`ak hldn sucodr gaya cakusea. Rucodr  gaya cakusea rucan sa`et tdrgere gare tdkaia `dsdnatak gak tdkaia khk `dsdnatak. Wdkaia `dsdnatak cdlepute para gh`tdr spdseales gak suospdseales, gh`tdr ucuc, gh`tdr gh` tdr iei ieiee (uc (ucuc uc gak spd spdsea seales) les),, pdr pdrawa awatt gd gdkia kiak k odr odroai oaiae ae spd spdsea seales lesase asekya kya,, aphtd`dr, asestdk aphtd`dr, anle ieze, pdtuias laohrathreuc, pdtuias ragehlhie, gak sdoaiaeky sdoa iaekya a yaki lakis lakisuki uki odrn odrnuouk uoukiak iak gdki gdkiak ak pdlay pdlayakak akak `dsd `dsdnata natak k `dpa `dpaga ga pasedk. _ucan sa`et sdlaek cdkfalak`ak jukise pdlayakak `dsdnatak (cdges) fuia cdkfalak`ak jukise cakafdreal. Jukise cakafdreal eke tdrgere gare cakafdcdk pukba` (Oagak Gerd`tur, @hcetd Cdges, @hcetd @dpdrawatak, @hcetd Jarcase), cakafdcdk cdkdkian (para cakafdr), gak cakafdcdk pdla`saka (hpdrasehkal). ]ara gerd`tur  oeas oe asak akya ya ge oa oae` e` gh gh`t `tdr dr sp spds dsea eale les s ca caup upuk uk gh gh`t `tdr dr uc ucuc uc,, `d `dbu bual alee ge gerd rd`t `tur  ur  `dpdrawatak yaki narus gefaoat hldn pdrawat. Cakafdr cdkdkian yaki oeasakya tdrgeree gare caka tdrger cakafdr fdr pdla pdlayaka yakak k cdge cdges, s, caka cakafdr fdr pdlay pdlayakak akak `dpd `dpdrawat rawatak, ak, caka cakafdr  fdr  sucodr gaya cakusea atau eksake, cakafdr `duakiak, cakafdr sestdc ekjhrcase, gak sdoaiaekya sdsuae gdkiak `doutunak rucan sa`et. Rtru`tur ge oawan cakafdr  cdkdkian agalan pdla`saka hpdrasehkal `dieatak sdnare-nare galac cdcodre`ak pdlayakak `dsdnatak, pdlayakak pdkukfaki, gak pdlayakak khk `dsdnatak sdpdrte par`er, `dodrsenak, gak `dacakak. Rucodr gaya cakusea gelenat sdoaiae sucodr gaya odrwufug cdlepute fuclankya, pdkgege`akkya,

pdkialacakkya

odrgasar`ak

rew re wayat

pd`drfaakkya,

`dtdracpelakkya, gak faoatakkya. Rtru`tur tuias gak jukise sucodr gaya cakusea rucan sa`et geoaie naoes gak gesusuk galac stru`tur hriakesase rucan sa`et. 2.

Rtru`tur

Hriakesase

Gare stru`tur hriakesase gapat tdrlenat susukak nerar`ne faoatak stru`tural ge galac hriakesas hria kesasee ruca rucan n sa`et sa`et.. Aga teia chgd chgdll gasa gasarr stru` stru`tur tur hria hriakesas kesasee (Ynd (Ynddldk dldk akg Nukidr, ?=1?, _hooeks akg Bhultdr, ?=1?.). Chgdl pdrtaca agalan chgdl stru`tur  hriake hri akesas sasee sdg sdgdrn drnaka aka,, ya yaki ki nak nakya ya tdr tdrger geree gar garee pdc pdcele ele` ` cdr cdraki aki`ap `ap cak cakafd afdrr gak pdiawae. Rtru`tur hriakesase yaki sdgdrnaka eke oakya` geiuka`ak uktu` `leke` yaki oaru odrgere. Rdcua jukise cakafdcdk yaetu cakafdcdk sucodr gaya cakusea, `duaki `du akiak, ak, pdc pdcasa asarak rak,, ses sestdc tdc ekj ekjhrc hrcas ase, e, gak pd pdlay layaka akak k cdk cdkfag fagee sa satu. tu. @dt @dte`a e`a hriake hri akesas sasee odr odr`dc `dcoak oaki i cdk cdkfag fagee ods odsar ar ca` ca`a a juk jukise ise juk jukis isee cak cakafd afdcdk cdk tdr tdrsdo sdout ut

 

cdkfage uket-uket jukisehkal tdrsdkgere geoawan Whp cakafdcdk, `ardka pdiawae odrtac odr tacoa oan n oak oakya ya`, `, ga gak k str stru`t u`tur ur pd` pd`drf drfaak aak fui fuia a sdc sdca`e a`ek k `hc `hcpld pld` ` gak sdc sdca` a`ek ek tdrspdsealesase. Chgdl stru`tur hriakesase yaki ldoen bhbh` agalan chgdl stru`tur  hriake hri akesas sasee yak yaki i `dg `dgua, ua, yae yaetu tu str stru`t u`tur ur hri hriake akesas sasee juk jukise isehka hkal. l. Hra Hrakiki-hra hraki ki yak yaki i cdcpukyae `danleak jukisehkal tdrtdktu yaki saca cdkfage satu uket jukisehkal. Chgdl Rtr Chgdl Rtru`t u`tur ur hri hriake akesa sase se juk jukise isehka hkall gei geiuka uka`ak `ak hld hldn n sdc sdcua ua hri hriake akesas sase, e, oae oae` ` hriakesase gdkiak stru`tul jukisehkal caupuk stru`tur gdvesehkal (chgdl stru`tur  hriakesase yaki `d teia). Chgdl hriakesase gevesehkal eke sdteap gdvese cdcpukyae prhgu` tdrtdktu yaki odrodga aktara gdvese yaki satu gdkiak gdvese laekkya. Kacuk gdce`eak gapat fuia gdvesehkal eke odrupa baoaki-baoaki ge welayan yaki odrodga gdkiak gdk iak prh prhgu` gu` yak yaki i sa saca ca gdk gdkiak iak hth hthkhc khcee yak yaki i tdr tdroat oatas. as. Bhk Bhkthn thnkya kya chg chgdl dl hriakesase eke agalan _ucan Ra`et yaki cdcpukyae baoaki-baoaki ge odroaiae gadran atau kdiara. Chgdl eke fuia gesdout chgdl stru`tur hriakesase `hrphrase, bhkthn _ucan Ra`et Relhac, _ucan Ra`et Ndrceka, _ucan Ra`et Beputra, _ucan Ra`et Rare Asen, gll. @akthr pusat `hrphrase odrjukise sdoaiae ekgu` pdrusanaak, gak aka`-aka` pdrusanaakkya odraga ge odroaiae welayan. Cdkurut _hooeks akg Bhultdr (?=1?), `dteia chgdl gasar stru`tur hriakesase tdrsdout caseki-caseki cdcpukyae `dldcanak gak `d`uatak sdoaiae odre`ut. Rtru Rt ru`t `tur ur Rd Rdgd gdrn rnak aka a cd cdcp cpuk ukya yaee `d `d`u `uat atak ak bd bdpa pat, t, jl jld` d`se seod odl, l, te tega ga` ` ca cana nall uk uktu tu pdcdlnara pdcd lnaraakky akkya, a, pdrta pdrtakiiu kiiukifa kifawaoa waoakkya kkya fdlas fdlas,,

sdgaki`a sdga ki`ak`dld k`dldcana canakkya kkya,, tega`

tdpat tdp at lai laiee `d `dte` te`a a hri hriak akesa esase se tuc tucou oun n cdk cdkfag fagee ldo ldoen en ods odsar ar gak tdr tdriak iaktuk tuki i nak nakya ya `dpaga satu hraki tdrlalu odrdse`h. Rtru`tur jukisehkal `d`uatakkya6 `dukiiulak djesedkse oeaya `ardka spdsealesase (s`ala d`hkhces, cdcekecaleser guple`ase hraki gak pdralatak)0 `aryawak ge`dlhcph``ak gdkiak `aryawak laek yaki cdcpukyae tuias sdfd sdfdkes. kes. @dldc @dldcanak anakkya6 kya6 cdcd cdcdkune kune tufua tufuak k jukis jukisehka ehkall gapa gapatt cdky cdkydoao doao`ak `ak para cakafdr `dnelakiak pakgakiak apa yaki tdroae` uktu` sdlurun hriakesase0 spssealesase jukisehkal cdkfage tega` cdkidkal gak cdcanace apa yaki gela`u`ak hldn hld n uk uket et lae laek. k. Rdg Rdgaki aki`ak `ak str stru`t u`tur ur gev gevese esehka hkal, l, `d` `d`uat uatakk akkya6 ya6 jh` jh`us us pag paga a nas naselel ‒ cakafdr caka fdr gdve gdvese se odrta odrtakiiu kiiukifa kifawao wao apa yaki tdrfage paga prhgu` gak pdlayakak pdlayakak cdrd`a. Guple`ase a`tevetas gak sucodr gaya cdkeki`at`ak oeaya gak cdkiurakie djesedkse.

 

Rwaykd, Gukbak, akg Iektdr (?==:), gak _hooeks akg Bhultdr (?=1?) cdkydout`ak oanw oa nwa a sd sdla laek ek ch chgd gdll ju juki kise sehk hkal al ga gak k ge geve vese sehk hkal al ag aga a ch chgd gdll ca catre trex x ya yaet etu u ge gesa saek ek `hktdc `hk tdcph phrdr rdr yak yaki i ph phpul puldr dr ya yaki ki cdk cdkuia uias`a s`ak k par para a Rp Rpdbe dbeale alest st gar garee gdp gdpart artdcd dcdk k jukisehka jukis ehkall yaki odrodga uktu` od`drfasaca od`drfasaca geoa geoawan wan `dkg `dkgale ale sdhr sdhraki aki Caka Cakaidr  idr  prhgu`se. Chgdl catre` eke uke`, `ardka tdrgapat gua raktae `hcakgh yaki genagape `aryawak, yaetu gare Cakaidr arda jukisehkal (_&G, Car`dteki, Busthcdr Rdrvebd, Nucak Nuc ak _d _dshu shurbd rbds, s, Jek Jekakb akbd, d, gak Ekj Ekjhrc hrcate atehk hk Rys Rystdc tdc gak Cak Cakaid aidrr ]rh ]rhgu` gu`se se (]rhyd`),