Tree Types & Installation Methods
February 12, 2017 | Author: gfabela | Category: N/A
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TREE TYPES and INSTALLATION METHODS James Pappas Jamie Patrick-Maxwell Ray Guillory
Devon FMC FMC
Deepwater Subsea Completion Systems
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Contents • • • • • • • •
Trends Technology Design Variables Subsea Configurations Drivers Tree Types Current & Future Technology Installation Methods
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Subsea Equipment Trends 2000’s
1990’s
19601990
10,000 psi
1,000 to 5,000 psi
15,000 psi 20,000 psi High Temperature
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Deepwater Installations Trends 1980 1980 1983 Bonito Bonito Piraúna RJS-39 RJS-232 RJS-39 189m 189m 293m
FMC 619 ft
1985 Marimbá RJS-284 Kvaerner 383m
961 ft
FMC 1,256 ft
1988 Marimbá RJS-376D 492m
1988 Placid Green FMC Canyon 31 1,613 ft 684m
VG 2,244 ft
1992 Marlim MRL-9 781m
1994 Marlim MRL-4 1027m
FMC 1997 2,561 ft Shell Mensa FMC 1618m 3,368 ft FMC 5,308 ft
1997 Marlim Sul MLS-3 1709m
VG 5,605 ft
1999 Roncador RJS-436 1853m
FMC 6,080 ft
2000 Petrobras Roncador 1877m
2002 Marathon Camden Hills 2197m
2004 Shell Coulomb 2307m
VG 6,157 ft Cameron 7,209 ft
FMC 7,570 ft
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Installation Vessels Semi- submersible Drill Ship
Jack-up
Water Depth (Feet)
Surface Vessel
Type of Mooring
< 400
Jack-up
Spud Can or Mudmat
400-4000
Semi-Submersible
Mooring (Anchors)
> 4000
Semi-Submersible
Dynamically Positioned (Thrusters)
> 2000
Drill Ship
Dynamically Positioned (Thrusters)
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Host Facilities Geographic Trends Existing Popularity Gulf of Mexico
Brazil
High
Med
Med
Med
High
Low
Med
Low
Med
High
High
High
TLP/Spar Subsea to Platform Subsea to FPSO
North Atlantic
West Africa
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Subsea Tree & Control Module Trends
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Early Trees … Texaco Tartan Stacked Valve Tree
Shell Dry Chamber Tree
Archives from Various Operating Companies and Entities
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My Career Early Trees …
Main Pass 261 #1 FMC CM-1 Mudline Tree
VK 739 #3 Kvaerner Side Valve Tree
VK 739 #2 (Pecten) Dril-Quip Vertical Tree
GC 157 (Shell Manatee) #1 Vertical Tree
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Deep Water Tree Technology
1992
1994
1996-1998
2000
Tree Interfaces that Govern Design Well – Tubing Size, Pressure, Temperature, Material Class
The Well
• Controls – Direct, Piloted, Electro/Hydraulic
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Controls
• Flowlines – Pipeline Size, Pressure, Connection Type
• Wellhead
Flowline Connection
Wellhead
– Mudline, Clamp Hub, Mandrel, Different Vendors Optimum Subsea Tree Configuration Driven by Reservoir Requirements
Fundamental Subsea Configurations VXT (TH in Tubing Head)
• The type of completion defines where the tubing hanger resides
VXT (TH in the wellhead)
HXT and EHXT
• Anything above the tubing hanger can be removed without disturbing the well Tubing Hanger
Tubing Head Subsea Wellhead
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Typical Tree Decision Drivers Horizontal Tree
Vertical Tree
• Financial driver is “installed CAPEX” • Lower well count projects that cannot justify expense of open water completion riser • High drive wells or multilaterals (have need for large bore ≥ 7”) • Complex reservoirs or frequent workovers requiring tubing retrieval • ESP technology • Batch drilling/completion and/or requirement for drill thru systems
• Financial driver is “life-of-field OPEX” • Large well count projects (or portfolios of projects) that can justify and benefit from investment in open water completion riser system • Lower drive wells (smaller bore) • Simple reservoirs or low frequency of tubing retrieval workovers • High pressure - difficult well control issues
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Subsea Trees by Water Depth
Mudline Tree Diverless Tree (Guideposts/Guidelines)
Diver Assist Tree
Guidelineless (GLL) Tree (Funnels)
Water Depth (Feet)
Surface Vessel
Type of Tree
< 400
Jack-up
Mudline – Diver Assist
200-800
Floating Vessel
Diver Assist
800-2500
Floating Vessel
Diverless
¾2500
Floating Vessel
Guidelineless
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Tree Configurations
10K Vertical Deep Water Standard
10K Vertical Shallow Water Tree 15K Enhanced Vertical Tree
15K Standard EHXT
10K Standard EHXT
Comparison of Traditional and Enhanced Vertical Trees
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ROV Tree Cap
Flowline U-Loop
Tubing Hanger Installed in Wellhead
Traditional VXT
Tubing Head With Annulus Isolation Valve
Slim OD Tubing Hanger
Enhanced VXT
Traditional Vertical Tree with Tubing Hanger Completion in Wellhead • •
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Eliminates Need for Tubing Head 18-3/4” Dual Bore Tubing Hanger Features Integral Annulus Valve 14-1/2” TH and Adapter Sleeve used on Competitor Wellheads Trip Saving ROV Tree Cap Guideline or Guidelineless Configurations BOP Setup Required for TH Orientation
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4” x 2” 5K Dual Bore GL Tree
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EG MAGY “C
EVXTTM-DB
EVXTTM-SB
Total Girassol
”
Shell Std
Enhanced Slim Bore Vertical Tree 4” x 2” 10,000 psi 5” x 2” 15,000 psi
Enhanced Dual Bore Vertical Tree 5” x 2” 5,000 psi 5” x 2” 10,000 psi
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GLL 10K Enhanced Vertical Tree and Tubing Head Stack Section View
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Tree Valves
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GLL 10K Enhanced Vertical Tree System ROV Tree Cap
Tree Assembly
Subsea Control Module
Tubing Hanger Tubing Head Assembly Vertical Hub for Well Jumper
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GLL 10K Enhanced Vertical Tree ROV Tree Cap Tree Cap Parking Slot
Subsea Control Module Flowline Connector
Hydraulic Flying Lead Receptacles
Tree Connector
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10K EVXT Tubing Head
Hub for Tree Flowline Connector Vertical Hub for Well Jumper Flowline Hub Latch/Release Annulus Access Valve
10K Concentric Slimbore Tubing Hanger
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Running Tool Latch Profile Locking Mandrel Lock Ring Dual Elastomer Secondary Seals
Alignment Key Tubing Suspension Threads (4” to 5 1/2”)
National Hydraulic Couplings Tronic Wet-Mate Electrical Connectors
Plug Profile Split Protective Sleeve For Couplings
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10K ROV Tree Cap • Run subsea with tree • Weighs less than 100 lbs in water
10K Enhanced Vertical Tree Stack Views
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15K Enhanced Vertical Tree System SCM Choke
Tree Assembly
Tubing Hanger
Vertical Hub for Well Jumper
Tubing Head Assembly
Capable of handling BOP’s directly
15K Enhanced Vertical Tree PRODUCTION WING VALVE PRODUCTION MASTER VALVE
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18 ¾ - H4 RE-ENTRY HUB
TREE CHEMICAL INJECTION VALVE
TREE CHEMICAL INJECTION VALVE
PRODUCTION SHUT IN VALVE
TREE CONNECTOR
PROD. MQC PLATE DOWNHOLE FUNCTIONS ROV PANEL
CHOKE MANF / SLED MQC PLATE
EROSION DETECTOR BLOCK
15K Enhanced Vertical Tree TREE CAP PARKING RECEPTACLE
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SUBSEA CONTROL MODULE
ANNULUS CROSSOVER VALVE ANNULUS WING VALVE ANNULUS SWAB VALVE ANNULUS MASTER VALVE
PRODUCTION SHUT DOWN VALVE
CONNECTOR / SCSSV ROV PANEL
FLOWLINE CONNECTOR
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15K Tubing Hanger Assembly
15K ROV Tree Cap
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Enhanced Horizontal Tree System
5” x 2” 10,000 psi 5” x 2” 15,000 psi
Comparison of Traditional and Enhanced Horizontal Trees Tubing Hanger
Internal Tree Cap
Both Crown Plugs Installed in Extended Tubing Hanger
Traditional HXT
Enhanced HXT
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Enhanced Horizontal Tree EHXT®
85,000 lbs 14.5’ x 14.5’ footprint x 12.5’ tall
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10K & 15K ROV Tree Cap
EHXT Tubing Hanger Features
Crown Plug Tubing Hanger
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10K & 15K EHXT EH-5 Radial Penetrator
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• Enables 9 downhole control lines through 2 EH-5 Penetrators – Hydraulic, chemical, electrical
Welded Tubing Connections on Ends of Radial Penetrator Stems
Tubing Hanger
Tree Spool Body
Female Coupler
Male Coupler
EH-5 Penetrator
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15K EHXT Length 166” (4.22m)
153” (3.88m)
134” (3.40m)
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5K HXT WireLineLess w/ ESP
Petrobras
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5K HXT with ESP Features Tubing Hanger With Dual Ball Valve
ROV Tree Cap
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5K EHXT with Retrievable Choke Module Choke Module
TREE
5K EHXT Retrievable Choke Module
•MEG Flow Meter •Wet Gas Meter •Water Cut Meter •Choke •Tree Connector •Manifold Connector •Two Sand Detectors •Suite of Dual PT/TT Sensors
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Electric Tree with Redundant Battery System
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Standard Electric Connectors
Battery Pack
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Electric Choke Control Retrofit • •
Reported production gain of 1900 bbl/d Fully open to fully closed 45 seconds.
Electric Flow Control Valves
• Electric Actuators position control and fast operation • Electric Actuators for subsea processing systems
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Boosting and Processing
Tordis Subsea Separation System
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Installation Methods and Systems
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Vertical Tree on Drill Pipe
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Horizontal Tree On Drill Pipe
5” x 2” 5K GLL Dual Bore Tree, LMRP, EDP & Completion Riser
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Heave Compensated Landing System (HCLS) 52
Tree overboarding
Tree being moved off Laney deck
Tree lowering into water
HCLS buoy deployment
HCLS Tree Installation Boat to Crane
Buoys Tree
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HCLS Tree Installation Crane to Overboard
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HCLS Tree Installation Crane to Boat
HCLS Tree Installation Buoys Overboard
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HCLS Tree Installation Sling
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HCLS Tree Installation Landout
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Rig Winch Tree Installation Boat Offload
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Rig Winch Tree Installation Rig Deployment
Rig Winch Tree Installation
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Rig Winch Tubing Head Spool Deployment
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Subsea Tree Installation • Run on monobore riser • Controlled by SCM during installation
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Monobore Completion Riser Systems • 5” 10K & 15K monobore riser systems • Riser systems can be used for light well intervention on both vertical and horizontal trees
15K Monobore Riser
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EDP
LRP
Tree
Tubing Head
5” 15K Completion Riser System
Lubricator Valve
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Tapered Stress Joint
HPU
Riser Control Station
Surface Tree
Lubricator Valve Reel Unit To EDP / LRP
Tension Joint Umbilical Reel
Intermediate Joints
THANKS!
QUESTIONS?
Me
One of my Earliest Trees – Happy Holidays, Y’all!
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Tree
TREE TYPES and INSTALLATION METHODS James Pappas Jamie Patrick-Maxwell Ray Guillory
Devon FMC FMC
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