Tratado de Orun

 

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"N]FBÅÁ@" ]TN]NM@ ÓBKA@ F FZAGVQK\NOFB]F YNTN VQ@ MF DNDNGNU@Q (CVTNM@Q FO ÔTÑ)

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 4 ÔTÑ GFUF (@T@ GFUF)3 L@K FGF ^VFO GNBÅ@V KLÎ YNTN N MK\KBMNMF M@ "OKQ]ËTK@", N^VFGF ^VF \NEN\N YFG@ D@Q^VF F LVBM@V @ FQ]NM@ M@ HUNTN N]TN\ËQ M@ ]@^VF MF QKGÃBAK@.

ÔTÑ GFUF3 @EDF @QN3 @T@ @T @ GFUF GF UF, , N MK\K MK\KBM BMNM NMF F ^VF ^VF \K\F \K\F B@ ONKQ ONKQ YT@L YT@LVB VBM@ M@ M@ D@Q^ D@Q^VF VF, , Ë AJNONM@ AJNONM @ ÉQ \FSFQ \FSFQ MF N MFKMNM MFKMNMF F M@ "OK "OKQ]Ë Q]ËTK@ TK@", ", M@ "QFATF "QFATF]@" ]@", , M@ "TF]KT@" @V M@ "FBANB]@". @T@ FHV, FOKBNGF, ÔTÑ Ë @ B@OF ^VF GJF N]TKDVFO N EFBFTNGKMNMF M@Q QNAFTM@]FQ MF KLÎ FO AVDN F NOËTKAN GN]KBN @V QKOYGFQOFB]F @TKAJN @TKLKB (B@OF A@O @ ^VF QF A@BJFAF @T@ N@ A@BLVBMÏ-G@ A@O @ FAJV @TKLKB, ^VF L@K ^VFO @ NA@OYNBJ@V FO QVN \KNEFO M@ AËV É ]FTTN). FB]TF QFVQ FB]TF QFVQ YTKBAK YTKBAKYNK YNKQ Q N]T N]TKDV KDV]@Q ]@Q FQ]Á@ FQ]Á@ M@KQ M@KQ AJKLTF AJKLTFQ Q FBANB] FBANB]NM@ NM@Q, Q, ANTTFENM@Q A@O ON]ËTKNQ QNETNMNQ F TFON]NM@Q A@O FQYFGJ@Q VBKM@Q Y@T VON YFÅN MF OF]NG (DT@BSF), N YGVON \FTOFGJN M@ YFTK^VK]@, N \NTN MF NV]@TKMNMF (FGND@TNMN MF ONMFKTN MVTN QKOVGNBM@ N ANVMN MN CK CKA@ A@]F ]FN N MF F TFON TF ON]N ]NMN MN LVTNM@ Y@T Y@T VOYFGN FQYF FQYFGJ GJ@ @ FO F QFV QF V YËQ. FZ]T FZ]TFO FO@) @), , KONE KO NEFO FO @V QKEVKMK ONMFKTN ANDFÅN @Q NK[Ë, MK\KBMNMF ^VF QFOYTF @ NA@OYNBJN (TFYTFQFB]NMN BVON KONEFO MF OVGJFT \FQ]KMN ]@MN MF DTNBA@). @ @MV KQNGN[Ë MN MK\KBMNMF @T@ GFUF Ë @ @MV @UNBTKB QN, ^VF @ NA@OYNBJ@V M@ AËV N]Ë N ]FTTN CVB]@ A@O FAJV @TKLKB. FQ]F ]KBJN QVN ANQN BVO GVENT A@BJFAKM@ A@O@ @TKLKB B@ O@OFB]@ ^VF \FK@ O@TNT BN ]FTTN FTTN, , FB] FB]TF] TF]NB]@ NB]@ Y@VA @VA@ ]FOY FOY@ MFY@ MFY@KQ KQ L@K NONGM ONGMK KÅ@N Å@NM@ F A@BCVTNM@ Y@T @TKAJNBGÎ N \K\FT F]FTBNOFB]F B@ ONKQ KB]TKBANM@ M@ D@Q^VF. \FCNO@Q VO, BFQQF KLÎ ]KTNM@ M@ A@TY@ GK]FTÎTK@ M@ @MV MF KLÎ @EDF QN ^VF @ ONBKLFQ]N3 ^VNBM@ @ED@G@ED@ (@ ANTBFKT@) \KBJN M@ AËV, \FK@ A@O QFV NOKE@ ÔTÑ, @ ^VNG FQYFT@V BN LT@B]FKTN YNTN QNDFT A@O@ A@ O@ KN @ED@ @ED@G@ G@ED ED@. @. N@ KB KB]F ]FKT KTNT NT-Q -QF F MN FZFA FZFAVÅ VÅÁ@ Á@ MFQ] MFQ]F, F, MFAK MFAKMK MKV V GNBÅNT-QF BVON \KBENBÅN YFQQ@NG. ÔTÑ ]KBJ ÔTÑ ]KBJN N MVNQ MVNQ \NTN \NTNQ Q MF NV]@ NV]@TK TKMN MNMF MF. . ]KT@ ]KT@V V N \NTN \NTN ^VF ^VF FQ]N FQ]N\N \N ATN\NMN FO M@KQ AJKLTFQ, ]@O@V F L@K N@ YNGÎAK@ MF @G@LKB. KQ]@ L@K MFY@KQ MFY@KQ MF A@BCVT A@BCVTNT NT N@ \FB]@ \FB]@ YNTN YNTN ^VF Q@YTNQQF Q@YTNQQF L@T]FOFB L@T]FOFB]F ]F F MFTTVDNQQF NQ ÎT\@TFQ, LNSFBM@ ^VF @Q NBKONKQ A@TTFQQFO M@ D@Q^VF N@ Y@\@. B@ Y@\@ J@V\F ]NG A@BLVQÁ@ ^VF @ A@BQFGJ@ MK\KB@ MFAKMKV TFVBKT-QF YNTN NBNGKQNT @ ^VF LNSFT A@O ÔTÑ.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 1 @G@MMVONT @G@MMV ONTF F YFMKV YFMKV AJNONQQF @TÓBOKGN @ QNAF QNAFT TM@]F M@]F MF OFBQNEFKT@Q N QVN

N @TKAJN @TKAJNBGÎ BGÎ, , QFV TFY TFYTFQ TFQFB] FB]NB] NB]F F BN ]FTTN, ]FTTN, ^VF YNTN NMK\KBJNÅÁ@. A@O@ BN^VFGF ]FOY@ @EDF QN FTN KLÎ BN ]FTT FTTN, @ L@TN L@TNO O DVQA VQANT. NT. N@ AJF AJFENT ENT @Q ANQN @ FBA@B]TNTNO YTFYNTNBM@ VON \KQK]N N@ TFK.

YNT]KV YNT] KV YNTN YNTN @ YNGÎ YNGÎAK AK@ @ F QF QVTY QVTYTF TFFB FBMF MFV V OVK] OVK]@ @ N@ \FT \FT N ANDF ANDFÅN ÅN A@T] A@ T]NM NMN N MF @ED@ @ED@G@ G@ED ED@. @. FQ]F FQ]F BÁ@ BÁ@ MKQQ MKQQF F BNMN BNMN M@ NA@B NA@B]F ]FAK AKM@ M@, , QÑ YFTEVB]@V N@ TFK M@ ^VF QF ]TN]N\N N^VKG@. @ TFK OVK]@ A@B]FB]F GJF MKQQF ^VF FQ]N\N NGFETF Y@T QVN \@G]N, F ^VNB]@ N@ J@OFO AVCN ANDFÅN FQ]N\N B@ AJÁ@, ]KBJN O@TTKM@ Y@T VON NTONMKGJN YTFYNTNMN Y@T FGF OFQO@. @ TFK GJF MKQQF KBLFTBNG FO ^VF AFT]NO AFT ]NOFB] FB]F F FQQN FQQN ONBMNM@ AJNONT F

^VF @ AJNO@V YNTN ^VF MFQQF Q@GVÅÁ@ N@ FQ]NM@ QF FBA@B]TN\N @ Y@\@. @EDF QN GJF TFQY@BMFV ^VF FTN N OFQON OFQON TNSÁ@ TNSÁ@ YFG YFGN N ^VNG ^VNG @TKAJN @TKAJNBGÎ BGÎ @ ]KBJN ]KBJN YT@OF]FV KT \FT @ TFK N QVN \@G]N.

MKTKEK MKTK EKVV-QF QF N]Ë N]Ë @TKA @TKAJN JNBG BGÎ Î F FQ]F FQ]F GJF GJF YFMK YFMKV V ^VF ^VF GNBÅ GNBÅNQ NQQF QF VON VON NMK\KBJNÅÁ@ YNTN \FT @ ^VF LNSFT YNTN NANGONT @ FQ]NM@ FO ^VF QF FBA@B]TN\N @ Y@\@, AVC@ ANVQNM@T FTN ÔTÑ Y@T ]FT ]@ONM@ \KBENBÅN NB]F N O@T]F MF QFV NOKE@ @ED@G@ED@. @EDF QN MKQQ @EDF MKQQF F N @TKA @TKAJN JNBG BGÎ Î ^VF ^VF ÔTÑ ÔTÑ FBA@ FBA@B] B]TN TN\N \N-Q -QF F LNSF LNSFBM BM@ @ ]VM@ ]VM@ N^VKG@ N^V KG@ A@O M@KQ M@KQ AJKLTF AJKLTFQ Q OÎEKA@ OÎEKA@Q Q F ^VF FTN BFAFQQ BFAFQQÎTK ÎTK@ @ ]KTÎ-G ]KTÎ-G@, @, NA@BQFGJ@ NA@BQ FGJ@V V @TKAJNBGÎ @TKAJNBGÎ N TFNGKSNT TFNGKSNT QNATKLÏAK@ QNATKLÏAK@ A@O ^VN]T@ ^VN]T@ YTN]@Q YTN]@Q MF KBJNOF KBJNO F NONQQNM@, NONQQNM@, ^VN]T@ ONTOK]NQ ONTOK]NQ MF Q@YN, Q@YN, ^VN]T@ ^VN]T@ TFAKYKFB] TFAKYKFB]FQ FQ MF \KBJ@ F ^VN]T@ B@SFQ M@ H@GÎ. MFY@KQ MF LFK]@ @ QNATKLÏAK@, @EDF QÎ FZYGKA@V N @TKAJNBGÎ ^VF BÁ@ MF\KN GF\Î-G@ N@ QNB]VÎTK@ MF FAJV, N BÁ@ QFT MFKZÎ-G@ BN Y@T]N MF QVN ANQN F QFB]NT-QF N@ QFV GNM@. NA@BQFGJNM@-@ QF LFS F @EDF QÎ L@K YNTN QFV GNT. ÔTÑ YNQQN\N YFG@ Y@\@ YNTN \FTKLKANT @ ^VF FQ]N\NO LNSFBM@ ^VNBM@ \KV \K V @ @TKA @TKAJN JNBG BGÎ Î F GJF GJF YFTE YFTEVB VB]@ ]@V V Q@DT Q@DTF F @ A@B] A@B]FÓ FÓM@ M@ M@ YNA@ YNA@]F ]F. . @TKA @T KAJN JNBG BGÎ Î GJF GJF TFQY TFQY@B @BMF MFV V ^VF ^VF Y@MK Y@MKN N NDTÏ NDTÏ-G -G@ @ QF ^VKS ^VKSFQ FQQF QF. . ÔTÑ ÔTÑ @ NDTKV, A@OFV ]@M@ @ KBJNOF F N Q@YN, YÝQ NQ B@SFQ MF H@GÎ FO QFV D@GQ@ F YFMKV VON ]NÅN YNTN ]KTNT VON NO@Q]TN M@Q TFAKYKFB]FQ MF \KBJ@. G@E@ MFY@KQ MF ]F-G@ YT@\NM@, A@B\KM@V N @TKAJNBGÎ N DFDFT F FQ]F BFE@V-QF Y@KQ GJF FQ]N\N YT@KDKM@ Y@T ]TNMKÅÁ@ DFDFT \KBJ@. ÔTÑ @ NOFNÅ@ NOF NÅ@V V A@O NQ \NTNQ \NTNQ MF NV]@TK NV]@TKMNM MNMF F F @TKAJN @TKAJNBGÎ BGÎ DFDFV N A@B]TN A@B]TN E@Q] E@ Q]@. @. G@E@ G@E@ YNT] YNT]KV KV GF\N GF\NBM BM@@-@Q @Q M@KQ M@KQ TFAK TFAKYK YKFB FB]F ]FQ Q MF \KBJ \KBJ@ @ ^VF ^VF LKAN\NO.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN = @TKAJNBGÎ SNBE@V-QF A@O @EDF QÎ Y@T ]FT LFK]@ @ QNATKLÏAK@, B@ ^VF N@ LKBNG ]F\F ^VF ]@ONT @ \KBJ@ N L@TÅN, ONQ FAJV FOY@QQ@V-QF MN OFB]F MF VO MF QFVQ QFT\FB]FQ GJF MKSFBM@ ^VF BÁ@ QF YTF@AVYNQQF, CÎ ^VF @ MKN NKBMN FTN AFM@ F ^VF NKBMN Y@MFTKNO NA@B]FAFT OVK]NQ A@KQNQ. NB]FQ MF AJFENT N QVN ANQN, @ YÑ MK\KB@ A@O @ ^VNG @EDF QÎ ]KBJN YTFYNTNM@ @ \KBJ@ A@OFÅ@V N LNSFT FLFK]@ KB]@ZKANBM@ N ÔTÑ, ^VFO ]FTOKB@V MF DFDFT @Q M@KQ TFAKYKFB]FQ MF \KBJ@ ^VF @TKAJNBGÎ JN\KN GJF MNM@. MFY@KQ YFE@V MFY@KQ YFE@V @Q TFAKYKFB] TFAKYKFB]FQ FQ \NS \NSK@Q K@Q F @Q YFBMVT YFBMVT@V @V CVB]@ CVB]@ NQ QVNQ QVNQ MVNQ MV NQ \NTN \NTNQ Q MF NV]@ NV]@TK TKMN MNMF MF. . A@OF A@OFÅ@ Å@V V N MFGK MFGKTN TNT T F ANKV ANKV M@TO M@TOKM KM@ @ TNYKMN TNY KMNOFB OFB]F. ]F. FB^VNB FB^VNB]@, ]@, @TKAJN @TKAJNBGÎ BGÎ FB\K@V FB\K@V VO MF QFVQ QFVQ LKGJ@Q LKGJ@Q YNTN YNTN DVQANT @Q TFAKYKFB]FQ MF \KBJ@ BN ANQN MF ÔTÑ. @ O@Å@ AJFE@V F YFMKV N ÔTÑ @Q MK]@Q TFAKYKFB]FQ F @Q YFE@V CVB]@ A@O @Q M@KQ AJKLTFQ OÎEKA@Q. N@ AJFENT N]Ë QFV YNK, @ O@Å@ FB]TFE@V NQ MVNQ A@KQNQ F @TKAJNBGÎ A@O A@ O @Q M@KQ M@KQ AJKL AJKLTF TFQ Q OÎEK OÎEKA@ A@Q Q FO QFV QFV Y@MF Y@MFT, T, MF\@ MF\@G\ G\FV FV ]VM@ ]VM@ N QVN QVN ]TNB^×KGKMNMF JNDK]VNG. G@E@ FQA@BMFV N NTON A@O N ^VF ÔTÑ LNSKN QFVQ FQ]TNE@Q. ÑTÑ, N@ MFQYFT]NT F BÁ@ \FT QFVQ AJKLTFQ, @Q YT@AVT@V F N@ BÁ@ NAJÎ-G@Q TFA@TM@V MN \KQK]N MF NGEVËO MVTNB]F QFV MFGÏTK@. N@ BÁ@ \FT ]Á@ Y@VA@ @Q TFAKYKFB]FQ MF \KBJ@, YTFQVOKV ^VF ^VFO @TKAJNBGÎ ]KBJN ]KB JN MFQKEB MFQKEBNM@ NM@ YNTN YNTN DVQ DVQANT ANT, , MF\ MF\KN KN QFT @ OFQO@ OFQO@ ^VF T@VD@V T@VD@V QFVQ QFVQ AJKLTF AJK LTFQ Q OÎEKA@ OÎEKA@Q. Q. MKTKEK MKTKEKV-Q V-QF F N ANQN ANQN MF @TKAJN @TKAJNBGÎ BGÎ, , ^VF N@ \Ã-G@ \Ã-G@ AJFENT @TMFB@V ^VF @ MF]K\FQQFO F MFY@KQ MF TFYTFFBMÃ-G@ Y@T QVNQ N]K]VM N]K ]VMFQ, FQ, @ NONGMK NONGMKÅ@@ Å@@V V YNTN YNTN ^VF MFQ MFQFB\ FB\@G\ @G\FQQ FQQF F VON JËTBKN JËTBKN A@O @ QFEVKB]F FBANB]NOFB]@3

"@BK HK VHYN VMK, F H@QJNB H@B GF". FB]Á@ @TKAJNBGÎ (@DN]NGÎ) @TMFB@V-GJF ^VF QF TF]KTNQQF N@ D@Q^VF F ^VF BVBAN ONKQ QNÏQQF N@ NT GK\TF, NYÑQ KQQ@, ÔTÑ \K\F B@ D@Q^VF F ETK]N3

@T@ OFO@B EDF U@ U@H@  N[F M@ TVMV TVMV.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 6 ÔTÑ GFUF3 @ ‗@TVMV TVMV‟ Ë @ YTNB]@ MF ÔTÑ3 @ AVG]@ MN MK\KBMNMF ÔTÑ GFUF Ë OVK]@ NB]KE@, TFO@B]N-QF N@Q MKNQ MN LVBMNÅÁ@ M@ FQ]NM@ MF HUNTN BN BKEËTKN F @ MK]@ AVG]@, JN\KN QKM@ FQ^VFAKM@ Y@T QFVQ QFEVKM@TFQ A@O @ YNQQNT M@ ]FOY@. Ë VO M@Q AVG]@Q ONKQ QFATF]@Q B@ YNÏQ [@TVDN. FQ]Î \KBAVGNM@ A@O N O@T] O@ T]F. F. NGEV NGEVBQ BQ MKSF MKSFO O ^VF ^VF @ QKQ] QKQ]FO FON N ÔT ÔTÑ Ñ L@K L@K ]KTN ]KTNM@ M@ M@Q M@Q ONAN ONANA@ A@Q Q \FTO \F TOFG FGJ@ J@Q, Q, AJNO AJNONM NM@Q @Q FCKO FCKOFT FTF. F. A@BQ A@BQKQ KQ]F ]F BVON BVON YNT] YNT]F F MF LFTT LFTT@ @ @V ONMFKT ONM FKTN N YGNKBN YGNKBN A@O VON GNTEN A@TMN A@TMN N]NMN N]NMN N VO Y@Q]F. Y@Q]F. ^VNBM@ ^VNBM@ @ \FB]@ QF O@\F FOK]F VO NEVM@ Q@BÏM@ AJNONM@ NCN@T@ (@ AÁ@ MF ÔTÑ). Ë N \@S M@ OFQO@ ÔTÑ. FB]TF @Q KCFDV F @Q FEDN, ÔTÑ Ë OVK]@ ONKQ QNETNM@ F KOY@T]NB]F ^VF ËEVBEVB. B@Q ]FOY@Q NB]KE@Q, @Q OFODT@Q MN Q@AKFMNMF ÔTÑ, FTNO ]NOD ]N ODËO ËO @Q FZFA FZFAV] V]@T @TFQ FQ M@Q M@Q ATKO ATKOKB KB@Q @Q@Q @Q. . ^VNB ^VNBM@ M@ NQ YFQQ YFQQ@N @NQ Q FTNO FTNO A@BMFBNMNQ N O@TTFT YFGN A@T]F @ED@BK, FTNO @Q OFODT@Q M@ AVG]@ ÔTÑ ^VFO ]KBJNO ^VF GF\NT N AND@ N QFB]FBÅN. ^VNBM@ ^VNB M@ ÔTÑ ÔTÑ QNÏN QNÏN MF B@K] B@K]F, F, @Q ^VF ^VF FTNO FTNO OFOD OFODT@ T@Q Q M@ AVG] AVG]@ @ MF\K MF\KNO NO YFTONBFAFT MFB]T@ MN ANQN F QF QNÏQQFO FQ]NTKNO A@TTFBM@ TKQA@ MF O@T]F. FB]TF @Q @[Ñ, NQ YFQQ@NQ MF KQF[KB F CNDN]N, QÁ@ @Q YTKBAKYNKQ NM@T NM @TNM NM@T @TFQ FQ MF ÔTÑ. ÔTÑ. ANMN ANMN NB@ NB@ ]F ]FO O QF QF]F ]F MKNQ MKNQ YNTN YNTN QVN QVN NM@T NM@TNÅ NÅÁ@ Á@. . MVTNB] MVT NB]F F ]@M@Q ]@M@Q @Q MKNQ, MKNQ, NQ OVGJFT OVGJFTFQ FQ LKANO LKANO FBANTA FBANTAFTN FTNMNQ MNQ FO ANQN, ANQN, FZAF]@ FZA F]@ Y@T NGEVON NGEVONQ Q Y@V Y@VANQ ANQ J@TNQ J@TNQ FO ^VF GJFQ Ë YFTOK] YFTOK]KM@ KM@ DVQANT DVQANT NGEVONQ YT@\KQÖFQ. B@ QË]KO@ MKN, BFO QF^VFT KQ]@ Ë YFTOK]KM@ F YFTONBFAFO TKE@T@QNOFB]F FBANTAFTNMNQ. YNTN N ^VF BÁ@ @ LNÅN, KTÎ QKEBKLKANT VON O@T]F QFEVTN F FQ]N YFBN QF FZFAV]N BÁ@ KOY@T]N ^VNG QFCN @ ]Ï]VG@, N TK^VFSN @V N]Ë OFQO@ N Y@QKÅÁ@ ^VF ]FBJN N OVGJFT ^VF QF N\FB]VTF N MFQ@DFMFAFT F @GJNT ÔTÑ.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN < ÔTÑ GFUF3 KB]FTYTF]NÅÁ@ GK]FTÎTKN Q@DTF N GFBMN MF ÔTÑ3 YNHVBM YNH VBMF F (LFAJN N Y@T]N) YT@BVBAKN @ @TÎAVG@ YNTN NQFJKB D@HKB M@ KQF[KB, (LKGJ@ MF VO KBANYNS ^VF DFDF OÎ ÎEVN, MFQMF @ OFQO@ MKN FO ^VF QVDKV N@ ]T@B@ MF QFV YNK). MFQMF ^VF A@B\FT]FV-QF FO TFK, BFBJVON MF QVNQ FQY@QNQ ]KBJN YNTKM@. A@BQVG]NTNO KLÎ F FQ]F GJFQ MKQQF ^VF MF\KN KT LNSFT VO QNATKLÏAK@ YNTN QFV YNK. @ NQFJKB FLF]V@V @ QNATKLÏAK@, ONQ @ YNK @ TFAJNÅ@V. FB]Á@ QVN OÁF GJF MKQQF ^VF FGF ^VF @ ]KBJN FBEFBMTNM@ BÁ@ FTN VO QFT JVONB@3 -VO -V O MKN MKN ^VNB ^VNBM@ M@ LVK LVK N@ ANOY ANOY@ @ DVQA DVQANT NT GFBJ GFBJN, N, JN\K JN\KN N VO NBKO NBKONG NG ^VF ^VF YNTFAKN VO QFT JVONB@ F @DTKE@V-OF N LNSFT NO@T A@O FGF. FB]Á@ VQFK VO ]TV^VF, NDTK VON ÎT\@TF A@O OKBJN ]@AJN (JNAJN) F YFMK N@ E@TKGN ^VF YVQFQQF QFV YÃBKQ MFB]T@, ONQ ^VNBM@ A@G@Q@V QFV YÃBKQ BN ETF]N, ]KTFK N ]@AJN, QFV YÃBKQ ]TN\@V F O@TTFV. Ë Y@T KQQ@ ^VF NE@T NE @TN N QFV QFV YNK YNK ]F TFAJ TFAJNÅ NÅN N @ QNAT QNATKL KLÏA ÏAK@ K@, , BÁ@ BÁ@ L@K L@K FGF FGF ^VFO ^VFO ]F FBEFBMT@V. NGEVONQ EFB]F BFQ]F Y@\@ TFA@TMNO MF ÔTÑ (E@TKGN) ^VF O@TTFV BVON ÎT\@TF F Ë FQQF NBKONG ^VF ]F FBEFBMT@V MFB]T@ MF OKO. ^VNBM@ NQFJKB FQAV]@V KQ]@, L@K N@ G@ANG B@ D@Q^VF. FBA@B]T@V @Q @QQ@Q @QQ@ Q M@ NBKO NBKONG NG F @Q YÝ YÝQ Q BVO BVO N]NÓ N]NÓMF MF. . FB]Á FB]Á@ @ ON]@ ON]@V V ^VNBM@ GF\NTNO @ ANMÎ\FT N@ Y@\@, L@TNO ANB]NBM@3

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ANTB ANTBFK FKT@ T@. .

‗LFAJFO NQ Y@T]NQ, NÏ \FO ÔTÑ, @ LKGJ@ GF\N QFV YNK. ]@M@Q \@AÃQ QFBJ@TFQ LFAJFO NQ Y@T]NQ, @ LKGJ@ ]TNS QFV YNK YNTN ANQN, NÏ \FO  ÔTÑ‟. @ DNGNBÅNTNO B@ NT. FB]Á@ NQ YFQQ@NQ M@ Y@\@ MKQQFTNO3 "\FTMNMFKTNOFB]F Ë VO O@T]@ @ ^VF LNGN". FB]TF]NB]@ FO AVDN F NOËTKAN GN]KBN, LNS NYT@ZKONMNOFB]F B@\F NB@Q ^VF QFV AVG]@ AVG]@ ]@O@V ]@O@V NVEF, NVEF, FOD@TN FOD@TN QFC QFCN N YTVMFB YTVMFB]F ]F NQQKBN NQQKBNGNT GNT ^VF @ AVG]@ N ÔTÑ, FO AVDN, MKQ]N OVK]@ MF QVN A@BAFYÅÁ@ M@ @TKEKBNG.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 5 ÔTÑ GFUF3 @EDF MÏ3 N@BMF Ë KGVQ]TNM@ @ NB]FTK@TOFB]F FZY@Q]@3 HYFBEFGF NC@ LKMK EDF MK  NMK LN LVB U@B BK @MF @T@  BKC@ ]K @MF @T@ LK LK @OK @CV QJV DFTF @B]@ ]VVTV]V. N MK\KBMNMF M@ QFETFM@ F M@ OKQ]ËTK@, ÔTÑ, \NEN\N YFG@ D@Q^VF F LVBM@V @ FQ]NM@ MF HUNTN MN BKEËTKN, AJNONM@ ÔTÑ. N FGF FTN LFK]@ NBVNGOFB]F VO LFQ]K\NG, ONQ NQ EFTNÅÖFQ Y@Q]FTK@TFQ QF FQ^VFAFTNO MF N]FB N]FBM MFT @ LFQ] LFQ]K K\NG \NG NBVN BVNG, N]Ë N]Ë ^VF ^VF MFQN MFQNYN YNT TFAF FAFV N MKAJN KAJN AFGFDTNÅÁ@. J@V\F L@OF B@ Y@\@ F BFBJVON OVGJFT LKA@V ETÎ\KMN. OVK]@Q J@OFBQ F OVGJFTFQ OKETN\NO Y@T \@G]N MF @V]T@Q GVENTFQ, N]Ë ^VF VO MKN @Q NBAKÖFQ TNAK@AKBNTNO F FB\KNTNO VON OFBQNEFO N @HF OFQK (NE@TN, KLF) KL F) YNTN YNTN ^VF ^VF NMK\ NMK\KB KBJN JNQQ QQFO FO N TFQY TFQYFK FK]@ ]@ M@ ^VF ^VF LNSF LNSFT T YNTN YNTN QF TFA@OY@TFO MF QFVQ YT@DGFONQ. F GJF L@K MK]@ ^VF FGFQ ]KBJNO MFQAVKMNM@ ^VNB]@ N NM@TNÅÁ@ MF QVN MFKM MF KMNM NMF F YN]T YN]T@B @BN N MVTN MVTNB] B]F F OVK] OVK]@ @ ]FOY ]FOY@ @ F ^VF ^VF MF\K MF\KNO NO @LFT @LFTFA FAFT FT FO QNATKLÏAK@3 M@KQ ANTBFKT@Q YNKQ, MVNQ ANDTNQ, MVNQ ENGKBJNQ, MVNQ KONEFBQ MF ONMFKTN F M@KQ ANTNAÑKQ. NGËO MKQQ@, GJFQ MKQQF ^VF QFV Y@\@ Y@ \@ JN\K JN\KN N LKAN LKANM@ M@ MFQY MFQY@\ @\@N @NM@ M@ FO ETNB ETNBMF MF OFMK OFMKMN MN, , Y@T Y@T ANVQ ANVQN N MN FOKE FO KETN TNÅÁ ÅÁ@, @, ONQ ONQ QF LK LKSF SFQQ QQF F @ QNAT QNATKL KLÏA ÏAK@ K@, , @Q FOKE FOKETN TNB] B]FQ FQ MNTK MNTKNO NO TK^VFSN N@ Y@\@, FOD@TN BÁ@ TF]@TBNQQFO N \K\FT NGK. LKBNGOFB]F GJFQ MKQQFTNO ^VF QVN ]FTTN FTN YFMTFE@QN YNTN N GN\@VTN, Y@T]NB]@ MF\KNO @AVYNT-QF MF A@OFTAKNGKSNT. @ QNATKLÏAK@ L@K TFNGKSNM@ NQQKO ^VF TF]@TBNTNO. N@ MKN QFEVKB]F AJ@ AJ @\FV \FV A@O L@TÅ @TÅN, @ ^VNG VNG ONT ONTA@V A@V N \@G \@G]N MN YT@ YT@QYF QYFTKMN TKMNM MF F A@OFÅNTNO @Q BNQAKOFB]@Q B@ Y@\@. QFVQ FOKETN QFVQ FOKETNB]F B]FQ Q TF]@TB TF]@TBNTN NTNO O YNTN YNTN NQQKQ] NQQKQ]KT KT N@ LFQ]K\ LFQ]K\NG NG MF ÔTÑ, ÔTÑ, N MFKMNMF M@ QFETFM@.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN : ÔTÑ GFUF3 @ \ÏBAVG@ N @V]TNQ MVNQ MK\KBMNMFQ ^VF QÁ@3 AJNBEÑ F FSKSN3 ÔTÑ L@K NONGMKÅ@NM@ N BÁ@ ]FT VO NG]NT YNTN QFV AVG]@, A@BL@TOF YÖF MF ONBKLF ONBKLFQ]@ Q]@ BFQ BFQQF QF KLÎ A@T A@TTFQ TFQY@B Y@BMFB MFB]F ]F N@ @MV @[FHÓ @[FHÓ @EVBMÎ @EVBMÎ, , ^VFO LFS NMK\KBJNÅÁ@ YNTN FSKSN, AJNBEÑ F ÔTÑ. NQ MK\KBMNMFQ M@ \FB]@, @ ]T@\Á@ F @ QFETFM@, FTNO NOKENQ, F VO MKN MFAKMKTNO YT@\NT QVNQ YT@FSNQ KBMK\KMVNKQ. AJNBEÑ ONBKLFQ]@V ^VF FGF QÑ QNDKN MNBÅNT. FSKSN MKQQF ^VF FGF QNDKN A@O@ ]TNBQL ]TN BQL@TO @TONT NT NQ A@KQNQ A@KQNQ. . FB^ FB^VNB VNB]@ ]@ ^VF ÔTÑ MKQQF MKQQF ^VF FGF QÑ QNDKN QNDKN GV]NT. FB^VNB]@ KQQ@, @Q ]TÃQ QF MKTKEKTNO N@ OFTANM@ @BMF FBA@B]TNTNO A@O N OÁF MF FSKSN \FBMFBM@ NT]KE@Q OFMKAKBNKQ. ]NODËO FBA@B]TNTNO A@O N OÁF M@ AJNBEÑ ^VF FQ]N\N \FBMFBM@ NSFK]F MF YNGON, FB^VNB]@ ^VF N OÁF MF ÔTÑ \FBMKN ÎEVN. FO Y@VA@ ]FOY@ MF FQ]NTFO NGK, QFB]KTNO L@OF F L@K @ O@OFB]@ MF YÝT N YT@\N YT@\N QVNQ QVNQ ANY ANYNAK NAKMNM MNMFQ FQ A@BLFQ A@BLFQQNM QNMNQ. NQ. FGFQ FGFQ YT@YVQ YT@YVQFTN FTNO O ^VF FSKSN MF\KN YTFYNTNT-QF YNTN T@VDNT NGE@ ^VF A@OFT. FGF ]TNBQLKEVT@V-QF TNYKMNOFB]F BVO \FB]@ A@O L@TÅN MF ENGFTBN, @ ^VNG T@VD@V N ÎEVN MN OÁF MF ÔTÑ, NSFK]F MF YNGON MN OÁF MF AJNBEÑ F ANTBF MF QVN YTÑYTKN OÁF, FOD@TN QFO A@BJFAFT NQ \Ï]KONQ MF QFV T@VD@. ONKQ ]NTMF, ^VNBM@ QF TFVBKTNO YNTN A@B\FTQNTFO Q@DTF @ ^VF FSKSN ]KBJN T@VDNM@, J@V\F A@O@ÅÁ@ B@ OFTANM@ F NQ ]TÃQ OÁFQ FQ]K\FTNO QF ^VFKZNBM@ MF ^VF GNMTÖFQ MFQA@BJFAKM@Q GJFQ ]KBJNO T@VDNM@ QFVQ YT@MV]@Q. FGNQ MFAKMKTNO KT ANQN F NGFT]NT QFVQ LKGJ@Q M@ ^VF GJFQ ]KBJN NA@B]FAKM@. FB^VNB]@ KQQ@, @Q ]TÃQ LKGJ@Q FQ]N\NO MFQANBQNBM@ FB^VNB]@ MFQANBQNBM@ MFY@KQ MF A@OFT A@OFT BN A@BLGV A@BLGVÃBA ÃBAKN KN M@Q ]TÃ ]TÃQ Q ANOKBJ ANOKBJ@Q, @Q, ^VN ^VNBM@ BM@ NYNTFA NYNTFAFV FV NB]F NB]F FGFQ FGFQ VO ANÅN AN ÅNM@ M@T, T, ^VFO ^VFO N@ YFTA YFTAFD FDFT FT @ ^VF ^VF @Q ]TÃQ ]TÃQ J@OF J@OFBQ BQ YT@\ YT@\N\ N\FG FGOF OFB] B]F F FQ]K\FTNO LNSFBM@, TFYF]KV @ QFEVKB]F A@BCVT@3

"@TK]N OF]N,  NOKMK HVE@, DFDF @BMN NOKMK EFTF EFTF,  OKQK NGNMVLF".

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN ; B@ O@OFB]@ FO ^VF @ ANÅNM@T AJFE@V É DKLVTANÅÁ@ M@ ANOKBJ@, QFV A@BCVT@ ]KBJN QVOKM@ N@Q ]TÃQ J@OFBQ BVO YT@LVBM@ Q@BJ@. MFY@KQ ^VF @ ANÅNM@T YNT]KV, FGFQ L@TNO GF\NB]NM@Q YFG@Q ETK]@Q MF QVNQ OÁFQ. BFBJVO MFGFQ A@BJFAKN N OÁF M@ @V]T@. ANMN VO ]@O@V Y@QKÅÁ@ FO ANMN VO M@Q ]TÃQ ANOKBJ@Q A@B\FTEFB]FQ BN KB]FTAFQQÁ@. QFEVBM@ NQ OVGJFTFQ L@TNO QF NYT@ZKONBM@ FB]TF GNOFB]@Q, AJNBEÑ NENTT@V É OÁF MF ÔTÑ, ÔTÑ ANY]VT@V N MF FSKSN F FSKSN N MF AJNBEÑ. N OÁF MF AJNBEÑ QNVM@V QFV LKGJ@ Y@T QFV \FTMNMFKT@ B@OF, NTFOV @GVLKB @GV LKBTNB TNB F A@O FQQF AJNONM AJNONM@, @, @Q ]TÃQ ]TÃQ J@OFBQ J@OFBQ GKDFTN GKDFTNTNO TNO NQ QVNQ QVNQ TFQYFA]K\NQ AN]K\NQ. NQ OVGJFTFQ BNTTNTNO A@O@ NQ ]TÃQ GJFQ ]KBJNO T@VDNM@ QFVQ NT]KE@Q F FGFQ FGFQ N@ YTFAN\ YTFAN\FTFT-QF QF M@ NA@B]F NA@B]FAKM AKM@, @, @GJNTN @GJNTNO O A@O NQQ@OD NQQ@ODT@ T@ F NQ @GJNMNQ ANÏTNO Q@DTF FSKSN N@ ^VF GJF YFTEVB]NTNO QF QVN \NGFB]KN QF ONBKLF ONBKLFQ]N Q]N\N \N VBKANO VBKANOFB] FB]F F FO T@VDNT T@VDNT NQ QVNQ QVNQ YTÑYTK YTÑYTKNQ NQ OÁFQ. OÁFQ. FGF TFQY@BMFV ^VF BÁ@ JN\KN MNB@ NGEVO, Y@KQ FGFQ A@OFTNO N A@OKMN MF QVNQ OÁFQ. BFQQF KBQ]NB]F, @ ANÅNM@T, ^VF NYÑQ FQ]NT @DQFT\NBM@ @AVG]NOFB]F BVO FQA@BMFTKC@, FOFTEKV YNTN NMCVMKANT Q@DTF NQ NÅÖFQ M@Q ]TÃQ J@OFBQ. FGF MFAKMKV ^VF N YN]KT MN^VFGF O@OFB]@, FSKSN QÑ QFTKN ANYNS MF T@VDNT ^VNG^VFT A@KQN BN QFG\N, AJNBEÑ MF\KN A@B]KBVNT A@O QVN LNTTN LNTTN MNBÅNT MNBÅNTKN, KN, FB^VNB FB^VNB]@ ]@ ^VF ÔTÑ MF\KN MF\KN MFQNYN MFQNYNTFA TFAFT FT BN QFG\N. N OÁF MF AJNBEÑ KBA@O@M@V-QF F MFAKMKV TF]@TBNT N@ GNT MF QFV YNK, B@ Y@\@NM@ M@ ]NHYN. NGNLKB N]KDN, ^VFO ]KBJN QF A@B\FT]KM@ B@ TFK MF @[@, L@K FB]TFEVF É OÁF MF AJNBEÑ FO ]T@AN MF FGFBHTF NM@M@, @ TFK MF ]NHYN. B@]N3 ÔTÑ L@K NONGMKÅ@NM@ N BÁ@ BVBAN ]FT VO NG]NT. @ ANÅNM@T FTN @EEVB.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN >9 ÔTÑ GFUF3 KU@TK @QN3 "]@^VF MF QKGÃBAK@" BFQQF KLÎ YFT]FBAFB]F N@ @MVB KU@TK D@QN, YÖF FO ONBKLFQ]@ ^VF N MFKMNMF ÔTÑ GFUF, Ë N ^VF MÎ @ "]@^VF MF QKGÃBAK@", LNAKGK]NBM@ @ ]TNDNGJ@ M@Q NBAKÖFQ MN B@K]F. \FCNO@Q3 KU@TK D@QN NMK\KBJ@V YNTN FEEVB, FGFEDFMF F ÔTÑ, ^VF FTNO NOKE@Q. MKQQFMKQ QF-GJF GJFQ Q ^VF MF\KNO MF\KNO FLF]VN FLF]VNT T VO QNATKL QNATKLÏAK ÏAK@ @ YNTN YNTN F\K]NT F\K]NT QFTFO QFTFO FB\KNM@Q G@BEF MF ANQN FO FZÏGK@. L@TNO NM\FT]KM@Q YNT]KAVGNTOFB]F, N BÁ@ QFMVSKTFO NQ FQY@QNQ MF VO F MF @V]T@. @V]T@. FEEVB F ÔTÑ TFNGKS TFNGKSNTN NTNO O @ QNATKL QNATKLÏAK ÏAK@, @, ^VF A@BQKQ A@BQKQ]KN ]KN BVON BVO N ENGKBJ ENGKBJN N YTF YTF]N ]N N FAJ FAJV. V. FGFEDF FGFEDFMF MF Y@T QVN \FS, \FS, TFAVQ@ TFAVQ@V-Q V-QF F FO LNSFT @ QNATKLÏAK@, Y@KQ A@BQKMFTN\N-QF OVK]@ Y@MFT@Q@ LKQKANOFB]F YNTN ^VF NGEVËO QF N]TF\FQQF A@O FGF. FB^VNB]@ KQQ@, NQ FQY@QNQ MF FEEVB F ÔTÑ \KQK]NTNO FGFEDFMF FO MKLFTFB]FQ @ANQKÖFQ F FGF NQ QFMVSKV. NQ OVGJFTFQ N@ AJFENTFO FO QVNQ ANQNQ KBL@TONTNO QFVQ ONTKM@Q @ KBAKMFB]F. Y@Q]FTK@T Y@Q]FT K@TOFB OFB]F, ]F, FEEVB FEEVB VBKV-Q VBKV-QF F N ÔTÑ, ÔTÑ, FQ]F FQ]F ÓG]KO@ ÓG]KO@ Y@T QVN \FS, \FS, MFAGNT@V @ ‗]@^VF MF QKGÃBAK@‟ F FQYFTN\N ^VF BFQQN B@K]F BKBEVËO QNÏQQF É TVN. FGFEDFMF, NY@KNBM@-QF FO QVN L@T]NGFSN LÏQKAN, QNKV F LNBLNTTF@V MF TVN FO TVN. FB^VNB]@ NBMN\N YFT]@ M@ OFTANM@, FAJV @ MKTKEKV N VO ATVSNOFB]@ MF ANOKBJ@Q, @BMF FBA@B]T@V A@O @Q NBAKÖFQ MN B@K]F BVON TFVBKÁ@. YFTEVB YFTE VB]N ]NTN TNOO-GJ GJF F QF BÁ@ BÁ@ QN QNDK DKN N Q@ Q@DT DTF F @ ]@^V ]@^VF F MF QKGÃ QKGÃBA BAK@ K@ F FGF FGF TFYGKA@V ^VF FQ]N\N A@OYGF]NOFB]F A@BQAKFB]F, ONQ ^VF BÁ@ \KN N TNSÁ@ MF @DFMFAFT N FQQF ]@^VF, F MF L@TON N]TF\KMN YFTEVB]@V N FGFQ, Y@T ^VF FQ]N\NO ]NODËO L@TN MF QVNQ ANQNQ. @Q NBAKÖFQ NBAKÖFQ MN B@K]F B@K]F TFNEKTNO TFNEKTNO KBQ]NB]NB KBQ]NB]NBFNOFB FNOFB]F ]F QVTYTFFBM QVTYTFFBMFBM@FBM@-@ @ F N]VTMKBM@-@ ]NG ONBFKTN ^VF BÁ@ YÝMF ONKQ FBA@B]TNT @ ANOKBJ@ MF \@G]N N QVN ANQN. F\FB]VNGOFB]F ANKV MFB]T@ M@Q NTDVQ]@Q (D@Q^VFQ), @BMF A@B\FT]FVQF BVO E@TKGN F LKA@V A@O@ NBKONG NYÑQ @ @A@TTKM@. B@]N3 ÔTÑ GFUF, N MK\KBMNMF M@ TF]KT@ @V M@ FBANB]@, TFNGKSN N]K\ N] K\KM KMNM NMFQ FQ MVTN MVTNB] B]F F N B@K] B@K]F. F. ^VNQ ^VNQF F QFOY QFOYTF TF QÁ@ QÁ@ FLF] FLF]VN VNMN MNQ Q @LFTFBMNQ B@ ONKQ KB]TKANM@ M@ D@Q^VF, F QFOYTF N YNT]KT MNQ MN B@K]F. FB]TF @Q ONB]KOFB]@Q ^VF FZAGVK FQ]Î N QFTYFB]F CKDÑKN A@BQ]TV]@TN.

QVNQ QVNQ QVNQ M@SF @V N

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN >> ÔTÑ GFUF3 @MK [FHVB3 "ÔTÑ F @CKED@" @CKED@ F ÔTÑ FTNO M@KQ NOKE@Q QFATF]@Q. VO MKN @CKED@ ÔTÑ, ^VFO @ N]FBMFV A@O A@OKMN F N YFTBN MF NGEVO NBKONG M@ D@Q^VF. MFY@KQ MF A@OÃ-GN, ÔTÑ YFTEVB]@V N @CKED@ QF FGF QNDKN MF ^VF NBKONG FTN N ANTBF ^VF NANDN\N MF A@OFT. @CKED@ TFQY@BMFV ^VF BÁ@ QNDKN. ÔTÑ NGNTO@V N QFV NOKE@, TF\FGNBM@ ^VF NANDN\N MF A@OFT N YN]N MF VO ANTNA@G MF ]FTTN F G@BEF MF MFQA@DTKT NGEVON A@BQ]FTBNÅÁ@ FO QFV NOKE@, L@K A@B\KMNM@ Y@T FGF N A@OFT FO QVN ANQN B@ MKN QFEVKB]F. ÔTÑ NAFK]@V @ A@B\K]F F ^VNBM@ AJFE@V É ANQN MF @CKED@, GJF L@K QFT\KM@ VON A@OKMN, A@O ANTBF MF VO NBKONG M@ D@Q^VF. MFY@KQ MF A@OÃ-G A@O Ã-GN, N, @CKED@ @CKED@ YFTEVB]@ YFTEVB]@V V N ÔTÑ QF A@BJFA A@BJFAKN KN N ANTBF ANTBF ^VF ]KBJN A@OKM@ F NB]F QVN BFEN]K\N, @CKED@ GJF TF\FG@V ^VF ]FTOKBN\N MF A@OFT N OÁ@ MF VON QFTYFB]F. QFO MNT-QF A@B]N ^VF QFV NOKE@ ^VÁ@ ÓBKA@ ]KBJN LFK]@ F YNE@ A@O N OFQON O@FMN, LKA@V YNTNBÑKA@ F MFQNLK@V @CKED@ YNTN ^VF MFO@BQ]TNQQF A@O@ VON QFTYFB]F Y@MKN ]FT OÁ@Q F FQ]F ]TN]NBM@ MF NANGONT ÔTÑ, MKQQF ^VF @ OVBM@ ]KBJN OVMNM@ ]Á@ MTNON]KANOFB]F, ^VF FQ]N\N FQ]N\N YT@MVS YT@MVSKBM KBM@ @ ANT ANTNAÑ NAÑKQ KQ MN ]FTTN ]FTTN F QFTYFB QFTYFB]FQ ]FQ A@O OÁ@Q F YN]NQ. NKBMN NQQKO, ÔTÑ BÁ@ QF YTFAN\FV M@ YNTNM@Z@, Y@T^VF A@B]KBVN\N OVK] OV K]@ @ ND@T ND@TTF TFAK AKM@ M@ F MFON MFONBM BMNB NBM@ M@ FO QN QNDF DFT T QF @CKE @CKED@ D@ @ A@B\ A@B\KM KM@V @V OFTNOFB]F YNTN DVTGNT-QF MFGF. @CKED@ ]F\F ^VF GJF TFA@TMNT ^VF ]Á@ TFAFB]FOFB]F, A@O@ B@ MKN NB]FTK@T FGF @ JN\KN A@B\KMNM@ N VON YN]N MF ANTNA@G, NQQKO BÁ@ FB]FBMKN QFV NQQ@ODT@ NB]F N OÁ@ MF QFTYFB]F ^VF GJF ]KBJN MF\@]NM@. FQQF N\KQ@ FQQF N\KQ@ L@K QVLKAKFB QVLKAKFB]F ]F YNTN YNTN ÔTÑ ÔTÑ, , Y@KQ Y@KQ LKA@V LKA@V ]Á@ O@GFQ]@ O@GFQ]@ ^VF Q@DTF\FK@ VON DTKEN. ^VNBM@ @V]TNQ YFQQ@NQ \KFTNO YNTN KB]FT\KT F QFYNTÎ-G@Q, N KBQKQ]ÃBAKN MF ÔTÑ FO QFEVKT DTKENBM@, @DTKE@V YNTN ^VF @Q GF\NQQFO NB]F N YTFQFBÅN M@ TFK M@ Y@\@. @ TFK MFAKMKV A@O@ LKBNG MN GV]N ^VF @Q M@KQ NOKE@Q BÁ@ MF\KNO FBA@ FB A@B] B]TN TNTT-QF QF BVBA BVBAN N ONKQ ONKQ. . ÔTÑ ÔTÑ L@K L@K TFQ] TFQ]TK TKBE BEKM KM@ @ ÉQ N]K\ N]K\KM KMNM NMFQ FQ B@]VTBNQ, FB^VNB]@ ^VF @CKED@ L@K GKOK]NM@ ÉQ MKVTBNQ. @TÓBOK @TÓB OKGN GN, , ^VF ^VF FQ]N FQ]N\N \N YTFQ YTFQFB FB]F ]F B@ YNGÎ YNGÎAK AK@, @, NMKA NMKAK@ K@B@ B@V V Y@T Y@T QVN QVN YTÑY YT ÑYTK TKN N YT@A YT@AGN GNON ONÅÁ ÅÁ@, @, QVEF QVEFTK TKBM BM@ @ ^VF ^VF MFQQ MFQQF F O@OF O@OFB] B]@ @ FO NMKN NMKNB] B]F, F, @CKED@ BÁ@ MF\KN A@OFT ANTNA@G MN ]FTTN F N ÔTÑ LKAN\N YT@KDKM@ A@OFT QFTYFB]FQ. B@]N3 ÔTÑ ]TNDNGJN MF B@K]F, BVBAN MF MKN. OVK]@Q ^VF @ \KTNO, "FZY@TNO ^VF FGF ]TNBQGNMN N]TN\ËQ M@ \FB]@ F @ LNS BÓ (YFGNM@)".

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN >4 ÔTÑ GFUF3 @UNBTKB OF[K3"@ NETKAVG]@T" N QFEVKT, KGVQ]TNTFO@Q A@O FQQF KLÎ M@ @MV @UNBTKB OF[K, NGEVBQ M@Q M@ Q NQYF QYFA]@ A]@Q AFT AFTKO@ KO@BK@Q BK@Q@ @Q M@ AVG AVG]@ MF ÔTÑ GFUF GFUF FO ]FTT ]FTTNQ NQ NLTKANBNQ, ]@TBNM@Q GK]FTNGOFB]F M@ A@TY@ GK]FTÎTK@ MF KLN. @UNBTKB OF[K L@K VO NETKAVG]@T DFO-QVAFMKM@ FO A@OYNTNÅÁ@ A@O QVN FZYFTKÃBAKN A@O@ A@OFTAKNB]F, TFEKQ]T@V VON A@GJFK]N KOYTFQQK@BNB]F. FO VO NB@ NB@ ]F\F ]F\F VON VON A@GJ A@GJFK FK]N ]N YT@G YT@GÏL ÏLFT FTN N KBJNOFQ FTNO EVNTMNM@Q B@ AFGFKT@, ]F\F ^VNBM@ ^VN BM@ A@OYNT]K A@OYNT]KGJN GJN\N \N @ KBJ KBJNOF NOF A@O QVNQ QVNQ FQ]N FQ ]N ^VFK ^VFKZ@ Z@VV-QF QF M@ ]NON ]NONBJ BJ@ @ M@ KBJN KBJNOF OF A@OYNTNM@ A@O @ MNQ FQY@QNQ.

MF KBJN KBJNOF OF F FB^V FB^VNB NB]@ ]@ @Q VO MFQNA@TM@ A@O QVN OÁF. MVNQ MVNQ FQY@QN FQY@QNQ Q F QVN OÁF, OÁF, ^VF ^VF FGN FGN ]KBJ ]KBJN N TFAF TFAFDK DKM@ M@, ,

FGF ]KBJN MVNQ FQY@QNQ QFO QNDFT ^VF NQ OFQONQ FTNO DTVZNQ. QVN OÁF LTF^×FB]FOFB]F @ ]KBJN NAVQNM@ MF MNT OFGJ@T N]FBÅÁ@ ÉQ QVNQ FQY@QNQ, ^VF FGN ^VF @ JN\KN ]TNE@ N@ OVBM@ F N TFYNT]KÅÁ@ M@ KBJN KB JNOF OF TF\K TF\K\F \FV V NQ ^VFK ^VFKZN ZN MN OÁ OÁF, F, ^V ^VFO FO A@OF A@OFÅ@ Å@V V N GNOF GNOFB] B]NT NT-Q -QF F NONTENOFB]F. BN MKQAVQQÁ@ ^VF QF YT@MVSKV, FGF FOYVTT@V É OÁF ^VF N]@ QFEVKM@ @ NAVQ NA VQ@V @V MF ]FT ]FT GJF GJF NETF NETFMK MKM@ M@. . FGN FGN YNT] YNT]KV KV MN ETNB ETNBCN CN F AJ@T AJ@T@V @V B@ ]TNCF]@ MF \@G]N N QVN ANQN. ^VNBM@ AJFE@V N@ Y@\@, FBA@B]T@V-QF A@O @Q NBAKÖFQ ^VF QVQ]FB]N\NO VON TFVBKÁ@ B@ N[VB]NBVFB]@ F N@ GJF YFTEVB]NTFO Y@T ^VF AJ@TN\N, FGN FZYGKA@V ^VF QFV LKGJ@ JN\KN GJF NETFM@MY, Y@T AVGYN MF QVNQ FQY@QNQ, ^VNBM@ FBA@B]TN\N-QF BN ETNBCN. FB]TF @Q NBAKÖFQ FQ]N\NO NGEVBQ NGE VBQ M@Q ONKQ ONKQ LFT@SF LFT@SFQ Q KBKOKE KBKOKE@Q @Q MF @UNBTK @UNBTKB B OF[K, OF[K, ^VFO ^VFO ]NODËO ]NODËO YFT]FBAKN N@ AVG]@ MN LFK]KÅNTKN. NB]FTK@TO NB]FTK @TOFB] FB]F F ]KBJNO ]KBJNO ]TN]NM ]TN]NM@ @ KBLTVA KBLTVA]V@ ]V@QNO QNOFB] FB]F F MF FBA@B] FBA@B]TNT TNT VO FBEVKÅ FBE VKÅ@ @ ^VF QFT\KQ QFT\KQQF QF MF YTF]FZ YTF]FZ]@ ]@ YNTN YNTN A@BMFB A@BMFBÎ-G Î-G@ @ B@ AGVDF AGVDF M@Q DTVZ@Q. B@TONGOFB]F N TFETN M@ AVG]@ Ë ^VF BÁ@ QF Y@MF ANQ]KENT BFB BF BJVO JVON \Ï] \Ï]KON KON QFO ^VF ^VF QVD QVDOF] OF]N N VO CVG CVGENOF ENOFB B]@ F TFQ TFQVG]F VG]F QFB]FBAKNM@. FO TFNGKMNMF QF QNDF ^VF BÁ@ KOY@T]N ^VÁ@ ETNBMF QFCN @ ÑMK@ ^VF @Q DTVZ DTVZ@Q @Q Y@QQ Y@QQNO NO QFB] QFB]KT KT YNTN YNTN VON VON YF YFQQ QQ@N @N, , FGFQ FGFQ BÁ@ BÁ@ LNTÁ LNTÁ@ @ BNMN BNMN A@B]TN NGEVËO, N]Ë ^VF GJF ]FBJN CVGENM@ F FBA@B]TNM@ AVGYNM@. BFQ]F ANQ@ QVN YTÑYTKN OÁF ]KBJN QVDOKBKQ]TNM@ VON YT@\N A@B]TN FGF FO QVNQ A@Q]NQ. JN\KN OVK]@ ]FOY@ ^VF QVNQ FQY@QNQ A@BL A@ BLND NDVG VGNT NTNO NO A@O A@O QFVQ QFVQ KBKO KBKOKE KE@Q @Q B@ AGVD AGVDF F MF LFK] LFK]KA KAFK FKT@ T@Q Q YNTN YNTN MFQ]TVK-G@, ONQ FGF BÁ@ GJFQ ]KBJN MNM@ BFBJVON CVQ]KLKAN]K\N YNTN LNSFT KQ]@.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN >1 MFY@KQ MN ^VFKZN YÓDGKAN ^VF QVN OÁF ]KBJN L@TOVGNM@ (LFK]@ ^VF FZYGKAN N KOY@T]ÄBAKN MF ^VF NQ YFQQ@NQ QF O@Q]TFO TFGV]NB]FQ N \FB] \F B]KG KGNT NT QFVQ QFVQ ^VFK ^VFKZN ZNQ Q KB]F KB]FTB TBNQ NQ FO YÓDG YÓDGKA KA@, @, Y@T Y@T ]FO@ ]FO@T T N ^VF ^VF ^VNG^VFT YFQQ@N ONV KB]FBAK@BNMN ^VF NQ FQAV]F Y@QQN NQ NOYGKNT B@ OVBM OV BM@ @ MN DTVZ DTVZNT NTKN KN), ), NYTF NYTFQF QFB] B]@V @V-Q -QF F @ NQQV NQQVB] B]@, @, N MKQA MKQAVQ VQQÁ QÁ@ @ BN QFEVKB]F TFVBKÁ@ M@Q DTVZ@Q. MVTNB]F NQ MFGKDFTNÅÖFQ, QVNQ MVNQ FQY@QNQ A@TT@D@TNTNO N NAVQNÅÁ@ MN OÁF F L@K CVGENM@ F A@BMFBNM@, FOD@TN FO QVN NVQÃBAKN, Y@KQ FGF BÁ@ FTN VO DTVZ@. L@K KBQATK]@ YNTN QFT NQQNQQKBNM@, QFO FODNTE@ BFQQN B@K]F, QFV KLÎ GJF DTKBM@V BVO Q@BJ@ VON KONEFO FQ@]ËTKAN MF QFV CVGENOFB]@ F A@BM A@ BMFB FBNÅ NÅÁ@ Á@. . NQQV NQQVQ] Q]NM NM@ @ YFG@ YFG@ Q@ Q@BJ BJ@, @, YFTE YFTEVB VB]@ ]@V V N KLÎ KLÎ BN ONBJ ONBJÁ Á QFEVKB]F, QF NANQ@ @ Q@BJ@ NQQKBNGN\N N YT@ZKOKMNMF MF VO YFTKE@, F KQ]@ L@K A@BLKTONM@. MKQQF ^VF MF\KN @LFTFBMNT VO ANDTK]@ N FAJV KOFMKN KOF MKN]NO ]NOFB] FB]F F F ^VF F\K]N F\K]NQQF QQF KT É ETN ETNBCN BCN B@Q MKNQ MKNQ MF MFQANB MFQANBQ@, Q@, YNTN YN TN BÁ@ BÁ@ AJFE AJFENT NT N A@B\ A@B\FT FT]F ]FTT-QF QF FO \Ï]K \Ï]KON ON MF VON VON A@BQ A@BQYK YKTN TNÅÁ ÅÁ@ @ ]TNKM@TN. FGF TFNGKS@V @ QNATKLÏAK@. VON MNQ VON MNQ FQY@ FQY@QN QNQ Q GJF GJF YT@Y YT@YÝ ÝQ KT É ETNBC TNBCN N B@ MKN MKN QFEV QFEVK KB]F B]F M@ MFQANBQ@, Y@KQ BÁ@ JN\KNO QVLKAKFB]FQ ONB]KOFB]@Q B@ GNT, ONQ FGF BFE@V-QF NGFENBM@ ^VF FQQF MKN ]KBJN ^VF TFNGKSNT VO QNATKLÏAK@ F BÁ@ Y@MKN NDNBM@BNT N ANQN. N@ LTNANQQNT @ A@OYGÝ, TFA@TTFTNO N @V]TN FQ]TN]ËEKN. A@B\KMNTNOB@ F GJF MKQQFTNO ^VF A@O@ LTF^×FB]FOFB]F FGF KN N@ D@Q^VF DVQANT NQ L@GJNQ YNTN QVN YTÎ]KAN MF KLÎ, MF\KN QFT KBKAKNM@ B@ AVG]@ QFATF]@ M@ D@Q^VF, ^VFT MKSFT, B@ AVG]@ MF ÔTÑ. @UNBTKB OF[K FQ]F\F MF NA@TM@ FO QFT KBKAKNM@ F FB]Á@ GJF YFMKV ^VF L@QQF N@ D@Q^VF GF\NBM@ VO ENG@, EKS (FLVB) DTNBA@, N YGVON MF VO YFTK^VK]@ F YKOFB]N MF AT@A@MKG@ YNTN N AFTKOÝBKN MF KBKAKNÅÁ@, F ^VF MF\KN MFKZNT-QF A@BMVSKT A@O @Q @GJ@Q \FBMNM@Q. TNYKMNOFB]F YT@AVT@V A@BQFGJ@ B@ KLÎ F GJF MKQQF ^VF @LFTFBMNQQF @V]T@ ANDTK]@ N FAJV, ^VFO LNTKN LTNANQQNT @ A@OYGÝ OÑTDKM@ ^VF QF L@TCN\N A@B]TN FGF. FGF TFNG FGF TFNGKS KS@V @V @ QN QNAT ATKL KLÏA ÏAK@ K@ F KB KBL@ L@TO TO@V @V N@Q N@Q NBAK NBAKÖF ÖFQ Q M@ Y@\@ Y@\@ ^VF ^VF FQ]N\N YTFYNTNM@ YNTN N AFTKOÝBKN MF KBKAKNÅÁ@ B@ AVG]@ MF ÔTÑ. B@ MKN N]TKDVÏM@, @ QNAFTM@]F AJFLF M@ AVG]@, @ A@BMVSKV BVO YT@AFQQ@ B@]VTB@ M@ Y@\@ N]Ë @ D@Q^VF, FO OFK@ N VO ]@^VF MF QKGÃBAK@. G@E@ ^VF YNT]KTNO M@ Y@\@, GJF MKQQFTNO ^VF @ MF]K\FTNO F TF]KTNTNO N \FBMN M@Q @GJ@Q.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN >= YFMKTNO-GJF ^VF FQ]KTNQQF QVNQ OÁ@Q YNTN ^VF ]@ANQQF @ AËV F FGF TFQY@B TFQ Y@BMFV MFV ^VF "NQ OÁ@Q MF VO OFBKB@ OFBKB@ BÁ@ Y@MFO FQ]KTNTFQ]KTNT-QF QF YNTN YNTN AJFENT N ]@ANT @ AËV‟. MFY@KQ GJF YFMKTNO ^VF LFAJNQQF QFV YVBJ@ F @ YVQFQQF BN D@AN MF VON VO N ANDN ANDNÅN ÅN F QVN QVN TFQY TFQY@Q @Q]N ]N L@ L@K K ^VF ^VF "@ YVBJ YVBJ@ @ MF VO NMVG NMVG]@ ]@ BÁ@ BÁ@ FB]TN\N BN D@AN MF VON ANDNÅN". FB]Á@ GJF MKQQF ^VF ^VNG^VFT BFÑLK]@ B@ AVG]@ ^VF BÁ@ AVOYTKQQF NQ MVNQ MV NQ LNÅN LNÅNBJ BJNQ NQ, , BVBA BVBAN N TF]@ TF]@TB TBNT NTKN KN \K \K\@ \@ N@ GNT. GNT. KOFM KOFMKN KN]N ]NOF OFB] B]F F @ FOYVTTNTNO YNTN LTFB]F A@O @ @DCF]K\@ NYNTFB]F MF FB]TFEÎ-G@ FO QNATKLÏAK@, ONQ FB^VNB]@ KQ]@ @A@TTKN, FAJV ^VF FQ]N\N YTFYNTNM@ YNTN YNT N KB]FT\ KB]FT\KT, KT, ]KBJN ]KBJN KBQ]NG KBQ]NGNM@ NM@ VO @DQ]ÎA @DQ]ÎAVG@ VG@ KB\KQÏ KB\KQÏ\FG \FG Q@DTF Q@DTF @ ]FTT ]F TTFB FB@ @ A@B] A@B]TN TN @ ^VF ^VF @UNB @UNBTK TKB B OF[K OF[K ]T@Y ]T@YFÅ FÅ@V @V F KOFM KOFMKN KN]N ]NOF OFB] B]F F MFQNYNTFAFV, LNSFBM@-QF KB\KQÏ\FG. OKGNET@QNOFB]F NAJ@V-QF FO QFV GNT. FB^VNB FB^V NB]@ ]@ KQQ@ KQQ@, , ^V ^VNB NBM@ M@ QF AVTN AVTN\N \N MN LFTK LFTKMN MN, , @Q J@OF J@OFBQ BQ ^VF ^VF GJF GJF ]KBJNO ]FBMKM@ N NTONMKGJN, QFEVKTNO-B@ N]Ë N ANQN @BMF FBA@B]TNTNO A@O QVN OÁF N ^VF GJF YFTEVB]NTNO YFG@ YNTNMFKT@ MF QFV QF V LKGJ LKGJ@. @. FGN FGN @Q TFY@ TFY@BM BMFV FV ^VF ^VF FGF FGF BÁ@ BÁ@ QF QFB] QFB]KN KN DFO, DFO, ONQ ONQ N FOYVTT FOY VTTNTN NTNO, O, @TMFBN @TMFBNBM@ BM@ ^VF DVQANQ DVQANQQF QF QFV LKGJ@, LKGJ@, MKQQFT MKQQFTNONO-GJF GJF ^VF A@O@ A@O @ TFQVG] TFQVG]NM@ NM@ MN NAVQNÅ NAVQNÅÁ@ Á@ N@ LKG LKGJ@, J@, GJF ]KBJN ANQ]KENM ANQ]KENM@ @ N VO TK]VNG MF FZFAVÅÁ@. FGN QF NC@FGJ@V F GJFQ T@E@V ^VF BÁ@ FZFAV]NQQFO QFV LKGJ@ Y@KQ FGN FG N @ ]KBJ ]KBJN N YFTM YFTM@N @NM@ M@. . NB]F NB]F QFVQ QFVQ NYNK NYNKZ@ Z@BN BNM@ M@Q Q T@E@ T@E@Q, Q, FGFQ FGFQ GJF GJF MKQQFTNO ^VF QFV LKGJ@ ]KBJN ^VF DVQANT VO ANDTK]@, YNTN ^VF L@QQF V]KGKSNM@ BVON LFQ]N @TENBKSNMN N@Q NBAKÖFQ M@ Y@\@. MFY@KQ MN LFQ]N, QFEVKTNO KBQKQ]KBM@ FO ^VF @UNBTKB OF[K MF\KN QFT KBKAKNM@ B@ AVG]@ M@ D@Q^VF, Y@KQ ]KBJN \KQ]@ YNT]F M@Q QFETFM@Q M@ TK]VNG F N AFTKOÝBKN L@K Y@Q]FTK@TOFB]F A@OYGF]NMN QFO BFBJVO KBAK KB AKMF MFB] B]F F F FGFQ FGFQ GJF GJF MFTN MFTNO O VON VON YGVO YGVON N MF YFTK YFTK^V ^VK] K]@, @, YNTN YNTN ^VF ^VF N VQNQQF @ANQK@BNGOFB]F Y@T QFT VO OFODT@ ONKQ. A@BLFQQNT A@BLFQ QNTNONO-GJF GJF ^VF QVNQ QVNQ MVNQ MVNQ FQY@QN FQY@QNQ Q FTNO FTNO NQ AVGYNM AVGYNMNQ NQ MF ]FT KBQ]KENM@ A@B]TN FGF N@ AVG]@ MN LFK]KÅNTKN, FOD@TN @ AN]NGKQNM@T ]KBJN QKM@ N ^VFKZN MF QVN OÁF. FB]TF]NB]@ QVN OÁF FTN N ^VF ]KBJN KB]FTAFMKM@ FO LN\@T MF QVN \KMN. @Q DTVZ@Q GF\NTNO VON MF QVNQ FQY@QNQ FO QFV GVENT, N ^VNG O@TTFV FB^VNB]@ M@TOKN. MFY@KQ FGF QF MFQLFS MN QFEVBMN FQY@QN. ÔTÑ GFUF, N MK\KBMNMF ^VF \K\F B@ ONKQ KB]TKBANM@ M@ MFBQ@ D@Q^VF, FOK]F QFV YTNB]@ @V GNOFB]@, KEVNG N@ DTNOKM@ MF VO ]@VT@, @TVMV TVMV, TVM V, F Ë YTFAKQ YTFAKQNOF NOFB]F B]F @ ]@V ]@VT@ T@ DTNONM DTNONM@T, @T, QFV NBKONG NBKONG QNETNM@. QNETNM@. Ë A@BQKMFTNM@ VO KTVBO@GF.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN >6 ÔTÑ GFUF3 "QNVMNÅÖFQ F @TNÅÖFQ" NQ QFEVKB]FQ QNVMNÅÖFQ F @TNÅÖFQ L@TNO TFA@GJKMNQ FO NGEVO O@OFB]@ MF >;; ‑ YÎEKBN >< N LFQ]N MF ÔTÑ, Ë AFGFDTNMN YNTN J@BTNT @Q FQYÏTK]@Q M@ TK@ BN ÎTFN F NATFMK]N-QF ^VF FQ]FQ \KNCNO N]TN\ËQ M@ \FB]@ F ^VNG^VFT ^VF @Q FBA@B]TF LKANTÎ YNTNGKQNM@. EFTNGO EFTN GOFB FB]F ]F FQYF FQYFTN TN-Q -QF F ^VF ^VF NQ OVGJ OVGJFT FTFQ FQ F J@OF J@OFBQ BQ BÁ@ BÁ@ KBKA KBKAKN KNM@ M@Q Q YFTONBFÅNO MF]TÎQ MNQ Y@T]NQ LFAJNMNQ, ^VNBM@ @Q FQYÏTK]@Q M@ TK@ FQ]Á FQ ]Á@ @ "LGV "LGVKB KBM@ M@". ". FB]T FB]TF] F]NB NB]@ ]@, , BFQ] BFQ]N N @ANQ @ANQKÁ KÁ@ @ FO YNT] YNT]KA KAVG VGNT NT, , @Q OFODT@Q MN KETFCN MF NGNMVVTN, MFAKMKTNO AFGFDTNT VON YT@AKQQÁ@ MF TFSN N@ NT GK\TF, FO MFQNLK@ É LFQ]N ]TNMKAK@BNG, A@BQF^×FB]FOFB]F, YT@MVSKV-QF VO A@BKGKA]@. @Q TFQVG]NM@Q L@TNO MFQNQ]T@Q@Q. OVK]@Q M@Q OFODT@Q MN KETFCN MF NGNMVVTN LKANTNO YNTNGKQNM@Q F \ÎTK@Q MFGFQ O@TTFTNO KOFMKN]NOFB]F. NATFMK]@V-QF ^VF ]KBJNO ]T@YFÅNM@ A@O @ OKQ]FTK@Q@ Y@MFT MF ÔTÑ (@ FQYÏTK]@ ^VF ANVQN YNTNGKQKN). @ ^VF NA@B]FAFV L@K ^VF @Q QNAFTM@]FQ MN LFQ]N MF KU@, GF\N\NO "Y@ "Y @MFT MFT" ]NB ]NB]@ FO QFVQ FVQ GÎDK ÎDK@Q, @Q, A@O@ @O@ FO QFVQ FVQ A@TY@ @TY@Q Q, FQ]FQ Q]FQ YT@BVBAKNTNO NQ YNGN\TNQ F YT@MVSKV-QF N MFQ]TVKÅÁ@. @ AVG]@ MF ÔTÑ Ë OVK]@ QFATF]@ F Ë FOYTFENM@ YFG@Q [@TVDNQ YNTN YVTK YV TKLK LKAN ANT T É Q@AK Q@AKFM FMNM NMF, F, KEVN KEVNG G N@ AVG] AVG]@ @ MF NTKD NTKDFC FCK, K, ^VFO ^VFO FQ]Î FQ]Î A@BQKMFTNM@ ONKQ Y@MFT@Q@ ^VF ÔTÑ F FQ]Î TFQ]TKBEKM@ É MK\KQÁ@ MF @HK]KYVYN, @BMF @ V]KGKSNO LVBMNOFB]NGOFB]F @Q KGNCF, FB^VNB]@ ^VF ÔTÑ Ë A@BJFAKM@ FO ]@MNQ NQ A@OVBKMNMFQ [@TVDNQ.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN >5 ÔTÑ GFUF3 "AFTKO@BKNG @V CVTNOFB]@" @ AFTK AFTKO@ O@BK BKNG NG M@ AVG] AVG]@ @ N FQ]F FQ]F @TKA @TKAJN JN, , Q@OF Q@OFB] B]F F Ë A@BJ A@BJFA FAKM KM@ @ Y@T Y@T N^VFGFQ ^VF FQ]Á@ KBKAKNM@Q BFGF, ]FO OVK]N TFGNÅÁ@ A@O @ AVG]@ MN LFK]KÅNTKN @V M@Q DTVZ@Q. @ ^VF L@K YFTOK]KM@ N@ NV]@T TF\FGNT Ë ^VF N KBKAKNÅÁ@ B@ AVG]@ QFATF]@ MF ÔTÑ A@OFÅN N B@K]F MFY@KQ MF VO ]@^VF MF QKGÃBAK@ (@BMF ]@MNQ NQ YFQQ@NQ QF TFA@GJFO FO QVNQ ANQNQ, F BÁ@ JÎ BFBJVON NGON B@Q QVDÓTDK@Q), FO VO YFTFETKBNT M@ Y@\@ N]Ë @ NT\@TFM@ QNETNM@ MF ÔTÑ (KED@ @T@). Y@KQ QFVQ Y@KQ QFVQ TK]@Q TK]@Q QÁ@ FLF FLF]VN ]VNM@Q M@Q B@ ONKQ ONKQ KB]TKA KB]TKANM@ NM@ M@ D@Q^VF D@Q^VF. . NGK AJFEN AJF EN @ LV]VT@ LV]VT@ KBKAKNM@ KBKAKNM@ (FOD@TN (FOD@TN QFC QFCN N QNAFTM QNAFTM@]F @]F MF KLÎ) KLÎ) A@O @Q @GJ@Q @GJ @Q \FBMNM \FBMNM@Q. @Q. QFVQ QFVQ OFODT@ OFODT@Q Q VQNO VQNO VON YGVON YGVON MF YFTK^V YFTK^VK]@ K]@ A@O@ A@O@ QÏOD@G@ MF ^VF L@TNO KBKAKNM@Q B@ AVG]@ MF ÔTÑ, N MK\KBMNMF MN YNTNGKQKN N ^VFO ]@M@Q ]FOFO. ÔTÑ Ë N MK\KBMNMF M@ TF]KT@, M@Q NYNT]NM@Q F TFAÝBMK]@Q GVENTFQ. Ë QFT\FB]F MF @TKAJNBGÎ F QVN YTKBAKYNG LVBÅÁ@ A@O@ MFKMNMF Ë N MF MNT @V A@OVBKANT NQ B@\NQ F D@NQ B@]ÏAKNQ @V YTFQQÎEK@Q. TFYTFQ TFYT FQFB FB]N ]N-Q -QF F Y@T Y@T VON VON KONE KONEFO FO JVON JVONBN BN MF ONMF ONMFKT KTN, N, M@KQ M@KQ ]NTT ]NTT@Q @Q ANTTFENM@Q A@O NQ ON]ËTKNQ QNETNMNQ ^VF YFBMVTNO FO QFVQ @ODT@Q, VON \NTN MF NV]@TKMNMF, QKOVGNBM@ N VON ANVMN MF CKA@]FN ANTTFENMN FO QFV FZ]TFO@ FZ]TFO@ F \NK NA@OY NA@OYNBJ NBJNM@ NM@ QFO QFOYTF YTF MF VON MFKMNMF MFKMNMF AJNONM AJNONMN N NK[Ë ^VF Ë LNZKBFKTN MF @TKAJNBGÎ F ]FO N OFQON OKQQÁ@ MF ÔTÑ. NK[Ë Ë A@BQKMFTNMN VON MNQ ^VN]T@ MK\KBMNMFQ ONKQ F^VÄBKOFQ ^VF FZKQ]FO, F NGËO MKQQ@ A@BJFAF @Q QFETFM@Q MF K[NOK @AJ@@T@BEN F @ AVG]@ MN LFK]KÅNTKN. @ AVG]@ N FQ]N MK\KBMNMF Ë OVK]@ TFYTFQFB]N]K\@ BN TFEKÁ@ MF HUNTN BN BKEËTKN. ÔTÑ BÁ@ Y@MF QFT L@]@ETNLNM@, Y@T QFT KB\KQÏ\FG. QÑ QF ONBKLFQ]N Y@T GNOFB]@Q FQ]TKMFB]FQ, ETK]@Q KBNT]KAVGNM@Q F VK\@Q. ^VNBM@ ^VNB M@ QF LNS @V\K @V\KT T MF B@K] B@K]F F @V MF MKN, NQ OVGJ OVGJFT FTFQ FQ F @Q BÁ@ BÁ@ KBK KB KAKN AKNM@Q M@Q MF\F MF\FO O ]TNB ]TNBA ANTNT-QF BNQ BNQ ANQ ANQNQ, NQ, A@O A@O ]@MN ]@MNQ Q NQ Y@T Y@T]NQ ]NQ LFAJNMNQ. QÑ @Q OFODT@Q MN Q@AKFMNMF ÔTÑ Y@MFO QNKT YNTN QNVMÎ-G@. FO @V]T@Q ]FOY@Q ÔTÑ ]KBJN VO YNYFG CVQ]KAFKT@, ON]N\N @Q GNMTÖFQ, @Q DTVZ@Q F ANQ]KEN\N NQ OVGJFTFQ NMÓG]FTNQ.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN >: ÔTÑ "YVT ÔTÑ "YVTKL KLKA KAN" N" @ NODK NODKFB FB]F ]F YNTN YNTN QFV QFV MF\@ MF\@]@ ]@. . ^VFO ^VFO MÎ @ ]@^V ]@^VF F MF QKGÃ QK GÃBA BAK@ K@ Ë ÔTÑ. ÔTÑ. A@BQ A@BQ]K ]K]V ]VK K ]NDV ]NDV YNTN YNTN ÔTÑ ÔTÑ @ ^VF ^VF QF @ @LFT @LFTFB FBMN MNO3 O3 CKDÑKNQ A@B]TKA]@TNQ, ANDNÅN, NSFK]F MF QÃO@GN MF OKGJ@ F ^VF VON OVGJFT OVG JFT MVTNB] MVTNB]F F @ YFTÏ@M YFTÏ@M@ @ OFBQ]T OFBQ]TVNG VNG ONBKYV ONBKYVGF GF QFVQ QFVQ N]TKDV N]TKDV]@Q ]@Q. . FO ]T@AN GJF @LFTFAFO ANTBFKT@Q, ANDTK]@Q, ENGKBJNQ, NSFK]F MF YNGON, B@S MF H@GÎ, H@GÎ, ENG@Q, ENG@Q, ANQ^VK ANQ^VKBJN BJN, , YKOFB] YKOFB]N N MF AT@A@M AT@A@MKG@ KG@, , \KBJ@ \KBJ@ MF YNGON, ANTNAÑKQ, ANDTK]NQ, F]A... N YGNB]N ^VF YFT]FBAF N ÔTÑ Ë N AFKDN (NTNEDN FO [@TVDN) AVC@ B@OF AKFB]Ï AKF B]ÏLKA LKA@ @ Ë3 AFKDN AFKDN YFB]NB YFB]NBMTN MTN, , F Ë MF @TKEFO @TKEFO NLTKAN NLTKANBN, BN, FOD@TN FOD@TN FBA@B]TNMN B@Q YNÏQFQ MF ]TÑYKA@ A@O@ AVDN. N AFKDN Ë N ÎT\@TF ^VF V]KGKSN ÔTÑ YNTN EVNTMNT QFVQ Y@MFTFQ. N@ TFM@T MFQ]N, QÁ@ FLF]VNM@Q TK]VNKQ MF QFV AVG]@. NGËO MKQQ@ ]FO @V]TNQ NYGKANÅÖFQ A@O@ Y@T FZFOYG@, QVNQ L@GJNQ QF V]KGKSNO YNTN DNBJ@Q F KBLVQÖFQ. N ANQAN MNQ TNÏSFQ A@O@ MKVTË]KA@, NQ LG@TFQ YNTN LNSFT VO A@SKOFB]@ FO@GKFB]F, N ANQAN QF NYGKAN BNQ LFTKMNQ8 YNTN YNT N ]TNBQ] ]TNBQ]@TB @TB@Q @Q KB]FQ] KB]FQ]KBN KBNKQ KQ N Q@GVÅÁ Q@GVÅÁ@ @ MN D@TTNA D@TTNAJN JN A@O @V]TNQ @V]TNQ FQYË FQ YËAK AKFQ FQ. . @ A@SK A@SKOF OFB] B]@ @ M@Q M@Q DT@] DT@]@Q @Q ]@ON ]@ONM@ M@ FO ]NAK ]NAKBJ BJNQ NQ, , F\K] F\K]N N N LFAVBMKMNMF MN OVGJFT. @ A@SKOFB]@ MN ANQAN M@ YNV QFT\F YNTN N FZYVGQÁ@ MN YGNAFB]N. FO AVDN, @ AVG]@ N FQ]N MK\KBMNMF ]@O@V NVEF N YNT]KT MF @K]@ @V B@\F NB@Q. OVK]@Q QNAFTM@]FQ QF JÁ@ "CVTNM@ FO ÔTÑ" F TFAFDFTNO N MFKMNMF. BÁ@ Ë B@QQ@ @DCF]K\@ FQ]NDFGFAFT A@OYNTNÅÖFQ, ONQ MF VON A@KQN Y@MFO FQ]NT QFEVT@Q, ^VF FQ]FQ TK]VNKQ FLF]VNM@Q LVBMNOFB]NGOFB]F FO AVDN, \FBFSVFGN, YNBNOÎ, Y@T]@ TKA@, OËZKA@ F @Q FQ]NM@Q VBKM@Q MN NOËTKAN M@ B@T]F, FQ]Á@ OVK]@ MKQ]NB]FQ MNQ AFTKOÝBKNQ A@BQNETN]ÑTKNQ ^VF QNÖ TFNGKSNMNQ BNQ ]FTTNQ [@TVDNQ, Ë VON YFBN ^VF OF FQ]FCN YT@KDKM@ TF\FGNT N FQQÃBAKN M@ AFTKO@BKNG MNM@ ^VF, NQ MVNQ L@TONQ MF A@BQNETNÅÖFQ NQ A@BJFÅ@ A@O YT@LVBMKMNMF. Ë KOY@T]NB]F FZY@T ^VF ]FBJ@ FZYFTKÃBAKNQ YFQQ@NKQ A@O TFGNÅÁ@ É KBKAKNÅÁ@ M@ AVG]@ MF ÔTÑ. BN ONK@TKN QÁ@ YFB@QNQ, MNM@ N ^VF \ÎTK@Q QNAFTM@]FQ MF KLÎ FO AVD AV DN, \FBF \FBFSV SVF FGN F OËZK ËZKA@, A@, BÁ@ BÁ@ GJFQ JFQ L@K L@K DFO, FO, MFY MFY@KQ @KQ MF ]FT ]FT A@BQNETNM@ FQ]N MFKMNMF. BN EFBFTNGKMNMF QF \KTNO MN NDVBMÄBAKN N YFBÓTKN, @V]T@Q YFTMFTNO N OFOÑTKN (A@O@ Ë @ ANQ@ MF VO QNAFTM@]F MF KLÎ B@ OËZKA@), @V YFTMFTNO \ÎTK@Q LNOKGKNTFQ YTÑZKO@Q. FV YFBQ@ ^VF KQ]@ QF MF\N, BÁ@ N@ LFK]@ MF ]FT QKM@ A@BQNETNM@ B@ AVG]@ MF ÔTÑ (MK\KBMNMF ^VF ]TNS ]TN S YT@QYF YT@QYFTKM TKMNMF NMF, , GKOYFS GKOYFSN N F YVTKLK YVTKLKANÅ ANÅÁ@ Á@ NQ]TNG NQ]TNG), ), N BÁ@ QFT É OFAÄBKAN AFTKO@BK@QN F É @OKQQÁ@ MF YNQQ@Q BNQ AFTKOÝBKNQ MFQ]F @TKA @T KAJN JN ^VF ^VF MVTN MVTNO O QFKQ QFKQ NB@Q NB@Q, , FB^V FB^VNB NB]@ ]@ ^VF, ^VF, N@ OFB@ OFB@Q Q NQ ^VF ^VF QF FLFA]VNO FO AVDN, TFNGKSNO-QF FO ]TÃQ MKNQ.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN >; N OFBQNEFO Ë ^VF FO TFNGKMNMF, MNM@ ^VF Ë KOY@QQÏ\FG TF\FGNT @ QFETFM@ M@ AFTKO@BKNG, QF ]FBJNO FO A@B]N M@KQ NQYFA]@Q MF QVON KOY@T]ÄBAKN3

-BÁ@ QÁ@ -BÁ@ QÁ@ ]@M@ ]@M@Q Q @Q QNAF QNAFTM TM@] @]FQ FQ MF KLÎ KLÎ ^VF ^VF MF\F MF\FO O A@BQ A@BQNE NETN TNT T ÔTÑ, ÔTÑ, Q@OFB]F N^VFGFQ ^VF A@O@ @MV YN]TÁ@ ]FBJNO3 @UNBTKB OF[K, @UNBTKB @QÎ, @EDF @UNBTKB, KMÏ @[FHÓ, KMK @AJË, @[FHÓ @EVBMN, @EDF KMÏ F @EDF F]VTVHYÑB. - N^VFGFQ ^VF Y@QQNO, A@BQNETFO MK]N MFKMNMF FO ]FTTNQ [@TVDÎQ @V Y@T NGEVËO ^VF ]FBJN QKM@ A@BQNETNM@ NGK, YFG@ YFTKE@ ^VF KOYGKAN  ]FT FQ]N MK\KBMNMF MFB]T@ MF ANQN. MF\FO@Q TFA@TMNT ^VF3 ÔTÑ Ë N MK\K ÔTÑ MK\KBM BMNM NMF F M@ ONKQ ONKQ KB]T KB]TKB KBAN ANM@ M@ M@ D@Q^ D@Q^VF VF. . Y@QQ Y@QQVK VK \KQÁ \KQÁ@ @ QVYTNQFBQÏ\FG, F Ë YTFAKQNOFB]F Y@T KQQ@ ^VF VON TFETN M@ KLKQO@ YT@ÏDF N QFVQ QNAFTM@]FQ V]KGKSNT FQQF ]KY@ MF TFAVTQ@Q YNTN QFV ]TNDNGJ@, Y@KQ MK]@Q Y@MFTFQ YFT]FBAFO N@Q AVG]@Q MF ÔTÑ F @ MN  LFK]KÅNTKN, F ]TNQEVFMKT A@O FGFQ Y@MF GJF @ANQK@BNT N@ QNAFTM@]F M@ KLÎ, YFTMN MN OFOÑTKN, MN \KQÁ@, MFLFK]@Q LÏQKA@Q F N]Ë N O@T]F YTFON]VTN, B@ YK@T M@Q ANQ@Q. QÑ NQ YFQQ@NQ KBKAKNMNQ FO NOD@Q @Q AVG]@Q Y@MFO FZFTAFT (QFO YTFCVÏS@Q) FQ]N L@TON MF Y@MFT.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 49 ÔTÑ GFUF3 "KBETFMKFB]FQ YNTN N A@BQNETNÅÁ@ MF ÔTÑ (O@B]NEFO)"  NBKONKQ YNTN O@B]NEFO3 O@B]NEFO3 9> 9> 9; 91 9> 9> 9;

NAVNT@ N[NYN ANQAN\ËKQ FHV]FGF HFHF (TN]KBJ@Q) F[FGF F]V YFQANM@Q KB]FKT@Q (YF^VFB@)

 N]K]NB3 9> 9> 9> 9> 9>

N]K]NB N]K]NB N]K]NB N]K]NB N]K]NB

KGF KGF KGF KGF KGF

KDV G@QN KHV KHV (; A@\NQ MKQ]KB]NQ) @G@HVB

AFOK]Ë K]ËTK@ TK@3 3 ^VN B@]N3 AFO B@] ^VNBM@ BM@ \NK N@ AFOK]Ë AFOK]ËTK@ TK@ YNTN YNTN DVQANT DVQANT @Q @]NQFQ @]NQFQ CVB]@ A@O N ]FTTN MNQ ; ]VODNQ, @ @]N ^VF A@OF A@O N ANDFÅN F @Q 1 O@AJ@Q MF \FGNQ, N@ AJFENT É ANQN FO ANQN NAFBMN @Q 1 O@AJK]@Q MF \FGN \F GNQ Q N FGFE FGFEVN VN MNBM MNBM@ @ A@ A@BJ BJFA FAKO KOFB FB]@ ]@ M@ YNQQ YNQQ@ @ ^VF ^VF \NK \NK QFT QFT MNM@ MNM@, , GKOYNBM@-QF A@O FHV, FGGN, NUNM@, C@ENBM@-GJF 1 DVAJ@Q MF @]K N FGFEVN, NYNENBM@ NQ \FGNQ. MFQ]KB@ MN GKOYFSN, D@Q^VF.  NQJF @QJN3 4> 9; 9> 9; 9> 9; 9; 9; 9> 9; 9; 9; 9> 9; 9;

N]NTF DFCFTFEVB D@ED@ NQJF FLVB (DNTTN) FHV F]N NUNM@ FBZ@LTF FTV EVNANG@]FQ K[FLN K[FT@QVB ON]F @DK H@GN @TK (DNTTN) @QVB YF@BÏNQ

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 4> FUF3 4> FT\NQ MF GN\N]ÑTK@ 9; FT\NQ MF MKQ]KB]@Q AFOK]ËTK@Q A@O QVNQ TNÏSFQ. 9> C@E@ MF YNAJNBFQ A@O3 1 AVCFQ MF TNQANDNTTKEN, 1 MF ONT YNAKLKA@ F 1 MF ]NONTKBM@. 9; QFOFB]FQ MF ONTN\KGJN.

LFTTNOFB]NQ3 9> 9> 9> 9> 94 9; 94 9> 9> 9; 9> 9; 9> 9> 9> 91 9> 9> 9; 9> 9> 9> 9> 9> 9> 9; 9> 4> 9> 9> 9> >< 91

D@BFA@ MF ONMFKTN LÃOFN D@BFA@ MF ONMFKTN ONAJ@ D@BFA@ MF ONMFKTN O@B@ C@E@ MF YFÅNQ MF ÔTÑ MF ONMFKTN DÓSK@Q (MVNQ OÁ@Q) QF L@T M@ K]V]@ @BK QJNBE@ OFGJ@T DÓSK@Q ETNBMF ANAJNÅN ANTNA@G A@D@ OËMK@ ANTNA@G A@D@ YF^VFB@ ANTNAÑKQ ]KY@ N[F (KED@Q) AFBAFTTK]@ A@A@ AJNYKGJNQ MF ANTNYNÅN A@A@ A@O ]TÃQ LTNBCNQ, \FTOFGJN, DTNBA@ F BFET@ AJNTV]@ MFBMF LNAÖFQ L@KAF EVN]NAN \FGJN EVKS@ KHKBQ VON OÁ@ ^VF FQ]FCN A@BQNETNMN, QFBM@ OFGJ@T N MF K]V]@ KGFHF MF ÔTÑ (BFET@) KGFHF MF ÔTÑ (BFET@) A@O => OKÅNBENQ C@E@ MF LFTTNOFB]NQ MF @EEVB OFG OVTKO YTF]@, DTNBA@ F \FTOFGJ@ @CV ONGV @YFGF LN\N MF A@A@ YNG@Q L@T]FQ QKB@ MF \NAN ]FGJN \FGJN KB]FKTN (ATK@VGN) ]KBNCN MF TK@ (B³ = QFO NGÅN) \FGNQ \FGNQ (TFQ]@Q ^VF L@TNO NAFQ@Q N FGFEVN, ]VODN, B@ ATVSFKT@)

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 44 GFTK3 9> 9> 9> 9> 9> 9> 9> 9> 9>

N[N F[FDNGF O@B@ F[FDNGF @HVBK GFTK FEEVB (GFTK, OÁ@Q F YËQ (MFM@Q)) O@MVB O@MVB O@B@ O@MVB O@MVB @HVBK O@MVB O@MVB @DKBK O@B@ @O@]K]VB

@HV]N3 91 @]NQFQ MF TK@ (NQ ^VNKQ QF YFTEVB]NO QF QÁ@ FEEVB) 91 @]NQFQ MF ONT (NQ ^VNKQ QF YFTEVB]NO QF QÁ@ FEEVB) 91 @]NQFQ MF AFOK]ËTK@ (YFTEVB]NO-QF QF QÁ@ FEEVB, F QF A@OFO A@O QVN GFTK)

T@VYNQ3 9> OVMN MF T@VYN YTF]N (@V VON ANYN G@BEN)

ÔTÑ GFUF3 "LFTTNOFB]NQ MF ÔTÑ"

 

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 41 ÔTÑ GFUF3 "]KBNCN (QFATF]@)" B@]N3 NQ O@B]NEFBQ MF ÔTÑ, MF\FO QFT TFNGKSNMNQ A@O N GVS NYNENMN F MVNQ \FGNQ NAFQNQ.

 NED@TNB3 @Q NED@TNBQ MF\FO QFT FQAVGYKM@Q FO AFMT@ F BN O@B]NEFO MN ]KBNCN MF ÔTÑ, QFTÁ@ @Q YTKOFKT@Q N QFTFO KB]T@MVSKM@Q, QFBM@ 1 D@BFA@Q MF ÔTÑ. NQ LGFAJNQ ONTANO @Q @TKLÏAK@Q, @BMF QFTÁ@ KB]T@MVSKM@Q @Q O@MVO O@MVO, QFEVBM@ @ EFBFT@. KBETFMKFB]FQ ^VF \NK B@ @TKLÏAK@ MF ANMN D@BFA@3 >. @ J@OFO GF GF\N O@MVO O@ O@MVO @H @HVBK. 4. N OV OVGJFT GF GF\N O O@ @MVO O@ O@MVO @D @DKBK. 1. @ ONANA@ GF\N O O@ @MVO O@MVO O@B@.

H@D@3 @ H@D@ OËMK@ NB]FQ MF KB]T@MVSÏ-G@ B@ AKOFB]@, ^VNBM@ QFTÎ LFAJNMN N ]KBNCN MF ÔTÑ, KB]T@MVSN NB]FQ, FHV, F[N, NUNM@.

A@OYGFOFB]@Q3        

]KBNCN MF ÔTÑ NQ ]FGJNQ. ANTNA@G OËMK@ H@D@ (YTNKN) @]N M@ AFOK]ËTK@ ^VF A@OF A@O N ANDFÅN. OÁ@ MF MKG@EVB. AKOFB]@ ]KBNCN MF TK@ ONTANT @ @MMVB MF ^VFO @ TFAFDF, ]NODËO ONTANT @ @MMVB B@ LVBM@ MN ]KBNCN F BN ]FGJN A@O FLVB F @]K.

LFTTNOFB]NQ3 NQ YFÅNQ QNETNMNQ YNTN N AJNONMN MF FEEVB, ]NODËO MF\FTÁ@ QFT MF ONMFKTN MF AFMT@.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 4= ÔTÑ GFUF3 "AFTKOÝBKNQ YTË\KNQ (CVTNOFB]@)" N@Q ; MKNQ NB]FQ MN A@BQNETNÅÁ@, @ KB]FTFQQNM@ MF\F M@TOKT A@O VON ANOK AN OKQN QN @V ANYN ANYN YTF] YTF]N, N, A@O A@O @ QFEV QFEVKB KB]F ]F QKEB QKEB@ @ BNQ BNQ A@Q] A@Q]NQ NQ F Y@T Y@T MFB]T@, YKB]NM@ A@O FLVB F @]K3 @CVNBK-@QÎ8 YFGN YNT]F MKNB]FKTN MN ANOKQN Y@T MFB]T@ @Q QFEVKB]FQ QKEB@Q3 @]VTN-BKH@8 @EEVBMN-LVB8 KTF]F-[FT@ F @HNBN-QÎ. B@]N3 QFATF]@ YNTN N A@BQNETNÅÁ@ MF @GG@ (AJFKT@) ^VF GF\F @CVNBK@QÎ.

ÔTÑ GFUF3 "N]FBN YNTN N A@BQNETNÅÁ@ MF ÔTÑ (O@B]NEFO)" + @@ KK @@ KK

+ @K K@ @K K@

+ KK @@ KK K@

+ @K @@ @K @@

+ KK KK K@ @K

+ @K KK K@ @K

+ KK K@ KK KK

+ @@ @K @K KK

+ @K K@ @@ @K

+ @K KK @K K@

+ KK KK KK K9

+ @@ @@ @@ @K

+ @@ K@ KK KK

+ K@ @@ K@ @@

+ @@ @@ @@ @@

+ KK KK KK KK

+ KK KK @K @K

ÔTÑ GFUF3 "AFTKOÝBKNQ YTË\KNQ (CVTNOFB]@)" N@Q ; MKNQ NB]FQ MN A@BQNETNÅÁ@, @ KB]FTFQQNM@ MF\F M@TOKT A@O VON ANOK AN OKQN QN @V ANYN ANYN YTF] YTF]N, N, A@O A@O @ QFEV QFEVKB KB]F ]F QKEB QKEB@ @ BNQ BNQ A@Q] A@Q]NQ NQ F Y@T Y@T MFB]T@, YKB]NM@ A@O FLVB F @]K3 @CVNBK-@QÎ8 YFGN YNT]F MKNB]FKTN MN ANOKQN Y@T MFB]T@ @Q QFEVKB]FQ QKEB@Q3 @]VTN-BKH@8 @EEVBMN-LVB8 KTF]F-[FT@ F @HNBN-QÎ. B@]N3 QFATF]@ YNTN N A@BQNETNÅÁ@ MF @GG@ (AJFKT@) ^VF GF\F @CVNBK@QÎ.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 46 ÔTÑ GFUF3 "QV[FTFQ YNTN N A@BQNETNÅÁ@ MF ÔTÑ (O@B]NEFO)" @Q QV[FTFQ ^VF QFTÁ@ V]KGKSNM@Q BN O@B]NEFO MF ÔTÑ, F @Q NBKONKQ ^VF GF\NO BN MK]N O@B]NEFO.

AJNONMN N FEEVB3 FEEVB G@ EDN@ DNDN ONLVB FEEVB G@ EDN@ GN[KTF NU@ @ON @G@BN, FEEVB NVODN.

AJNONMN N ÔTÑ3 NE@E@ NLFLF NE@E@ NLFLF

BK KHV ÔTÑ NLFLF DNDN [FHFTKB BK KHV ÔTÑ NLFLF DNDN [NHFTKB.

QV[FTF YNTN MNT N FEEVB N N[NHVN3 @QJF-]VTN NUN BK GN[F N[NHVN FEEVB @QJF-]VTN NUN BK GN[F N[NHVN. FEEVB ONTFGFHVB QJNBE@ ONGF[F FEEVB ONTFGFHVB.

QV[FTF YNTN @ FGGN3 NLFLF GFHVB FGGN @T@ NLFLF GFHVB FGGN ÔTÑ DNDN @Q@ HVB ON BK NLFLF GÔTÑ DNDN Q@GVB

QV[FTF YNTN MNT F[FGF3 F[F F[F F[FGF BK GÔTÑ D@ED@ FEEVB VB[FB F[FGF BK GÔTÑ F[F F[F F[FGF BK GÔTÑ D@ED@ FEEVB VB[FB F[FGF BK GÔTÑ. F[F F[F F[FGF@ NH@T@G@[F BKGF@ F[F F[F F[FGF@

QV[FTF YNTN MNT F]V3 LFGFHVB FEEVB KHV @HNB, N[N BK GF. DFGFHF BK NU@ QJNBE@ FEEVB.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 4< ÔTÑ GFUF3 "KBETFMKFB]FQ YNTN N A@BQNETNÅÁ@ MF ÔTÑ (CVTNOFB]@)"  NMKOVQ YNTN CVTNOFB]@3 CVTNOFB]@3 9; 9; 9; 9; 9; 9; 9; 9; 9;

NMNGV (LFKCÁ@ LTNMKBJ@ YTF]@) NGFGF (LFKCÁ@ LTNMKBJ@ NONTFG@) FH@ (LVDÎ) FHTV (LFKCÁ@ LTNMKBJ@ A@O ANQAN) FHTV FTV (LFKCÁ@ LTNMKBJ@ \FTOFGJ@) FHTV @T@ (LFKCÁ@ LTNMKBJ@ QFO ANQAN) KBJNOF NQQNM@ FO D@GNQ KBJNOF NQQNM@ FO YFMNÅ@Q KBJNOF ATÓ FO YFMNÅ@Q

 NBKONKQ YNTN CVTNOFB]@3 CVTNOFB]@3 9> 94 9> 91 9> 9> 9; 9> 9> 9>

ND@ NAVNT@ NMKF NHVH@ N[NYN HFHF F[N HFHF F[FGF F]V CK@ CK@ @QKNMKF HFHF (@YNTNGM@)

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 45 ÔTÑ GFUF3 "CVTNOFB]@" BNQAKOFB]@ MF ÔTÑ3  + K 9 K K K K 9 K

   

 

YFMTN MF TNK@ M@ QJNBE@. YFQANM@ @MVN-NTN (MF LTFB]F F MF A@Q]NQ) @Q 1 LNAÖFQ MN A@BQNETNÅÁ@ MF ÔTÑ, MF\FTÁ@ QFT ONTANM@Q A@O @Q QFEVKB]FQ @MMVBQ3 + + + 9 K K K 9 K K K K 9 K K K 9 K K 9 K K K K K K 9

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 4: ÔTÑ GFUF3 "CVTNOFB]@ QF^×FBAKNG"  

   

 





   

YTFYNTNT ]VM@. N A@BQNETNÅÁ@ MF ÔTÑ, MF\F QFT TFNGKSNMN A@O N GVS NYNENMN F MVNQ \FGNQ NAFQNQ. MNT A@A@ N FGFEVN A@O FEEVB, ^VF QF FBA@B]TN N]TÎQ M@ QJKGFHVB. LNSFT @ @SNKB @ ^VNG, QFTÎ MNM@ F[FGF (@SNKB MF FEEVB). GN\N]ÑTK@ MNQ KH@H@ M@Q A@BQNETNM@Q (NYGKAN QV[FTFQ MF FEEVB). A@G@ANT ]VM@ MFB]T@ M@ C@T@ C@T@, F QFTÎ MNM@ @DK N ÔTÑ, MFQMF ^VF ^V F Ë MNM@ MNM@ A@A@ A@A@ N FG FGFE FEVN VN, , @Q A@BQ A@BQNE NETN TNM@ M@Q Q MF\F MF\FTÁ TÁ@ @ FQ]N FQ]NT T MF C@FGJ@Q F MF A@Q]NQ, BVQ A@O N ANYN BFETN @V ANOKQN YTF]N (N ^VNG QFTÎ ONTANMN BNQ A@Q]NQ, @CVNBK-D@QN). FB]TFENT ÔTÑ N@ KBKAKNM@. NC@FGJNM@Q A@O N GFTK MFB]T@ M@ C@T@ C@T@, GN\N-QF N GFTK A@O @OKFT@ GKOY@, Ë MNM@ @Q CK@ CK@ BNQ A@Q]NQ NYNENBM@ @ QKEB@ @CVNBK-D@QN, \NK B@ C@T@ C@T@, T@OYF-QF N ANYN F \NK YNTN MFB]T@ M@ C@T@ C@T@, F A@B]KBVNO NC@FGJNM@Q. MVTNB] MVT NB]F F N A@BQNE A@BQNETNÅ TNÅÁ@ Á@ B@ C@T@ C@T@ C@T C@T@, @, MF\F MF\F ONB]FT ONB]FT BN D@AN D@AN VON N[NAVÎ F VO F[N]V]@, N@ LKBNG MN A@BQNETNÅÁ@, GJF MÎ FQ]N MN AN ANDF DFÅN ÅN N Ë]KBN ]K BNCN CN NQQKO MF ÔTÑ, ÔTMF\KM@ Ñ, TFSN TFSNBM BM@ @@CVNBK-@QN @ QKEB QKEB@ @ Ë @CVN @C BK-@ -@QN QN (FQ] (FQ]F F CVTNOFB]@ LFK]@ ^VF @ VNBK CVQ]KAFKT@, @V N CVQ]KÅN MF ÔTÑ F FEEVB BN ]FTTN). A@OFÅN N ON]NBÅN, @ F[FDNGF MF\F ANKT MN GFTK M@Q A@BQNETNM@Q N@ C@T@ C@T@ F ANKT Y@T ]@M@ @ A@TY@. FDD@OKQK A@O @OKFT@ QVC@. LNSFT @T@ N FEEVB. YFTEVB]NT QF FDD@NMN. LKAN VON KEDN A@O @]K F @V]TN A@O @OK, F @ ÓG]KO@ ^VF QNKT, MF\FTÎ FZYVGQÎ-GN BN TVN.

B@]N3 BN A@BQNETNÅÁ@, MNT A@A@ N FGFEVN A@O FEEVB ^VF QF FBA@B]TN MF]TÎQ MF] TÎQ MF QJKGFH QJKGFHVB VB KGF, KGF, @ NU@ YFEN YFEN VON ANQ^V ANQ^VKBJ KBJN N F @V]T@ NU@, NU@, ANT\Á@ ANT \Á@ F KTÁ@ KTÁ@ ]TNÅNB ]TNÅNBM@ M@ VON QNTCF] QNTCF]N N (SNBCN (SNBCN) ) N]Ë AJFENT AJFENT N@ C@T@ C@T@ C@T@, @BMF \NK QF LFK]N N AFTKOÝBKN. Y@T MFB]T@ MN QNTCF]N ^VF QFTÁ@ QFT Á@ LFK]NQ LFK]NQ YFG@Q YFG@Q M@KQ M@KQ NU@ NU@QFQ QFQ, , KTÁ KTÁ@ @ ANOKBJ ANOKBJNBM NBM@ @ @Q ^VF \Á@ QFT A@BQNETNM@Q, ANB]NBM@ @ QFEVKB]F QV[FTF3

QV[FTF3 FEEVB G@ EDN@ DNDN ONLVB FEEVB G@ EDN@ GN[KTF NU@ @ON @G@BN, FEEVB NVODN.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 4; ÔTÑ GFUF3 "QNATKLÏAK@Q N ÔTÑ F FEEVB" QV[FTF F[FDNGF3  NTTNBANBM@ YGVONQ YGVONQ M@ ANBE@]F3  

 

 

DNHKBN DNHKBN G@TVB

A@T@3 DNTN DNHKBN

[NUFQF [NUFQF G@TVB.

A@T@3 DNTN [NUFQF [NUFQF.

KB]T@MVSKBM@ N LNAN (NB]FQ LNSFT VON ATVS N@ Q@G@)3 @EEEVB QJ@T@ QJ@T@ A@T@3 F[FDNGF HNT@. QV[FTF NHVH@ N FEEVB3 NHVH@ ONBHK@, NHVH@ ONBHK@ @MNTN, NHVH@ ONHK@.



@DÎ3 KHV [FTF, KHV [FTF

 

QV[FTF NMMKF N FEEVB3

FTVBQF[F, FTVBQF[F  

 

A@T@3 FUF F[F KHHV

A@T@3 F[F KHV [FTF

A@T@3 NMKF FEEVB FTVBQF[F.

QV[FTF F[FGF N FEEVB3 F[F F[FGF BKG@T@B D@ED@ FEEVB VB[FB

A@T@3 DKQ

F[F F[FGF BKGF@ NH@T@ G@[F BKGF@.

A@T@3 DKQ

QV[FTF F]V N FEEVB3 F]V DNGF NUN FEEVB

A@T@3 F]V FEEVB NUN @HV@ @TVB.

QV[FTF N FEEVB3 NVB BK@ N[NYN BK@ NVB BK@ BK@

A@T@3



FEEVB N[NHVN BKG@TVB NVB BNBN, BK@ BK@.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 19 ÔTÑ GFUF3 "QNATKLÏAK@Q N ÔTÑ F FEEVB" QV[FTF MF FBANB]NÅÖFQ3 QV[FTF @]K3 

@]K GNKT@ @]K GNKT@ 

QV[FTF @OK3 @OK GNKT@ @OK GNKT@



A@T@3 FEEVB G@HVN @]K GNKT@.

A@T@3 FEEVB G@HVN @OK GNKT@.

QV[FTF @ÞK3 @ÞK GNKT@ @ÞK GNKT@

A@T@3 FEEVB G@HVN @ÞK GNKT@.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 1> ÔTÑ GFUF3 "QV[FTF ÔTÑ F FEEVB" @QJF ]VTN3 BK[FDF KHV, BK[FDF KHV, BK[FDF KHV, BK[FDF KHV, D@ED@ FEEVB @MVMVN, BK[FDF KHV.

@]VTN BKH@3 D@G@HV QJNBE@ O@UN[F, D@G@HV QJNBE@ O@UN[F, DNDN UN[F KHV, D@G@HV QJNBE@ O@UN[F.

@EEVBMN LVB3 KHV KHV ONG@BN FEEVB NGF GFGF.

KTF]F [FT@3 DNDN @TVB DNDN K[N @TVB GFHVB @TVB ]KODF G@TVB NDVTF G@MF BKGFLVB

@EEVBMN DK@MF3 NE@E@ NE@E@ NE@E@ FEEVB

KHV, KHV, KHV, D@HVB NDK G@MF.

@HNBN [FHV3 UN[FTF FEEVB UN[FTF KHV FEEVB K[N @TVB UN[FTF KHV.

F[K-@EDF3 FEEVB NUNBK G@TVB DNDN KHV FEEVB KHV.

@[FHV OF[K3 FEEVB NUNBK G@TVB @TNBK[NB GFTVB KHV.

KU@TK OF[K3 [@G@ [@G@ GNUN@ FEEVB @DN G@MF [@G@ [@G@ GNUN@ QJNBE@ FEEVB @DN G@MF.

@MK OF[K3 FEEVB KHV G@BN FEEVB @DN G@MF FEEVB KHV G@MF FEEVB @DN G@MF.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 14 KT@Q@ OF[K3 ONON BKQJF G@BN ONON BKQJF G@BN FEEVB G@LVB ONBN BKQJF G@BN.

@CVNBK OF[K3 @G@MVONTF @G@MVONTF @DN [FHVB ]@TVB BKGF FEEVB @G@MVONTF.

@DNTN OF[K3 @DNTN BKHV GFGF, @DNTN BKHV GFGF, NU@ @DNTN BKHV FEEVB BKHV QJNBE@.

@HNBN OF[K3 NUN OF[FHVBFEEVB @G@BN FEEVB @G@BN FEEVB @G@BN.

@EEVBMN OF[K3 DNDN G@M@ BKGF FLVB, DNDN G@M@ BKGF FLVB BKGF FLVB ONBKGF, DNDN G@M@ BKGF FLVB.

@QN OF[K3 @G@MVONTF @G@MVONTF @QN NTKHV @G@MVONTF.

KHN OF[K3 KHN G@TVB FEEVB G@TVB FEEVB NUNBK

@]TVY@ OF[K3 FEEVB KONGF G@ON QJNBE@ FEEVB NUN @ON.

@]VTN OF[K3 FEEVB KONGF G@BN QJNBE@ FEEVB NUN @ON.

KTF]F OF[K3 QJ@B QJ@B G@BN FEEVB @DN KHV FEEVB @DN KHV FEEVB @DN KHV KHV FEEVB KHV G@TVB FEEVB @DN KHV.

@QJF OF[K3 FEEVB @DN GN[F, FEEVB @DN GN[F, @QJF FEEVB KHV G@TVB FEEVB @DN GN[F.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 11 NVODN UN @TK NVODN UN @TK NUN @QVB, NUN @ON GF[ND@ D@ED@ FEEVB HNVTË. ]FGF O@DN ]FGF, ]FGF O@DN ]FGF UN[F HF UN[F HF. @H@HNB GNOK UN[F, @H@HNB GNOK G@T@ (4 \FAFQ) FBK D@ED@ @TKQJN GNOK UN[F, @H@HNB GNOK G@T@. F ONKQ NGEVBQ ONKQ.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 1= ÔTÑ GFUF3 "AFTKOÝBKNQ F K]Î" N@Q ; MKNQ N@Q MKNQ MN A@BQ A@BQNE NETN TNÅÁ ÅÁ@, @, @ NU@ NU@ @V @ NLKG NLKGJN JNM@ M@ ^VF ^VF FQ]Î FQ]Î QF A@BQNETNBM@, MF\F KT N@ AFOK]ËTK@ F T@VDNT VON TFQ]N MF LG@TFQ MF VON ]VODN, ]TNSFBM@ @ B@OF ^VF FQ]N FQATK]@ BN ]VODN. N@ AJFENT BN ANQN MFMF ]@ONT VO DNBJ@ A@O N TFQ]N MF LG@TFQ ^VF ]T@VZF M@ AFOK]ËTK@, G@E@ ONKQ ]NTMF KTÎ YFENT VO LTNBE@ F GKOYNT ]@MN N LNOÏGKN, MNBM@ @ QNBEVF N ÔTÑ A@O QJNBE@. MFY@KQ M@ FDD@OKQK F M@ YNTNGM@ A@O @ LTNBE@ ^VF MFV N ÔTÑ F N QJNBE@, @ NU@ @V @ NLKGJNM@ MF\F ]KTNT @ @MMVB A@O @ @HVFGF ^VF QF MFQKEBF YNTN \K\FT A@O ÔTÑ, FO ANQ@ ^VF BÁ@ QFCN NU@, @ YNMTKBJ@ FBANTTFEN-QF MF ]KTNT VO @MMVB. B@]N3 @ TFEKQ]T@ MF\F QFT EVNTMNM@ A@O QFATF]@, Y@KQ QFTÎ @ @MMVB ^VF FEEVB GJF MFV YNTN \K\FT. B@]N3 @ FHVFGF MF\F ]TNDNGJNT N@ TF\ÃQ, A@O@ QF L@QQF TFEKQ]T@ MF K]V]@, FZKQ]F VON \NTKNB]F YNTN ]KTNT @ @MMVB MF ÔTÑ.

ÔTÑ GFUF3 ‗K]Î N@ ]FTAFKT@ MKN MNQ A@BQNETNÅÖFQ‟ YNQQ@Q QFEVKB]FQ3 MNT A@A@ N ÔTÑ, QJNBE@ F FEEVB, MNBM@ A@BJFAKOFB]@. @ NU@ N]FLN A@O N OÁ@ MF QJNBE@. Q@OFB]F YNTN N]FLNT, QF O@[VEDN F MÎ A@BJFAKOFB]@ N FEEVB. N]FLN-QF Q@DTF NTFKN MF ONT. N]FLN-QF N@ TF\ÃQ, A@O@ QF L@QQF YNTN K]V]@ F N@ ]FTOKBNT @ N]FLNT, YFTEVB]N-QF, QF Ë BFAFQQÎTK@ LNSFT FDD@, FO ANQ@ ^VF QKO, ONTAN-QF @ FDD@. MFY@ MF Y@KQ KQ MF ]FTO ]FTOKB KBNM NM@ @ @ N]FL N]FLNT NT, , Ë LFK] LFK]@ @ YNTN YNTNGM GM@ @ A@O A@O LTNB LTNBE@ E@ GKOYNBM@ ]@M@Q @Q YTFQQFB]F, MNBM@ @ F[FDNGF N ÔTÑ, ONKQ ]NTMF, ]FTÎ ^VF GKOYNT N ANQN A@O FDD@OKQK M@ FUF MF FEEVB. 

 

 

 

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 16 ÔTÑ GFUF YN]NHKB @CVNBK D@QN3 >. @BMF ÔTÑ ÔTÑ DNKZ@V É ]FTTN ]FTTN F B@OFNM@ B@OFNM@ @TKQJN NTVLKB. NTVLKB. TFS@3 ÔTÑ KEDNGF @CVNBK D@QN NTVLKB NTVLKB NMKF NTNÞN ÔTÑKO@GF @T@ BKGF@ NU@.

YN]NHKB3 N@ YTKBAÏYK@ MF ATKNT-QF @ @M@ NK[F (N ]FTTN), @Q QFTFQ JVONB@Q FQ]N\NO ]@M@Q FO A@BQ]NB]FQ ON]NBÅNQ, F FTN BFAFQQÎTK@ KOY@T VON GFK ^VF @Q LKSFQQFO FB]TNT FO TNSÖFQ, FB]Á@ @Q TFKQ QF TFVBKTNO F B@OFNTNO VO OFBQNEFKT@ YNTN ^VF L@QQF MNT NQ ^VFKZN N @G@LKB, ONQ NB]FQ QF OKTNTNO A@O VO NU@ AJNONM@ NTVLKB, @ ^VNG GJFQ QNA@V @ QKEB@ @CVNBK D@QN, ONTANBM@-GJFQ FDD@ A@O N ANOKQN, @HNB CK@ CK@, FHV, F[N, FY@, @TK, FLVB, @]K, @Y@G@Y@ @U@. @ TFK YFE@V QVN ANOKQN F @Q KBETFMKFB]FQ, F @Q MFV N ÔTÑOKGN ^VFO GJF GJ F LFS LFS @ FDD@ FDD@ F MKQQ MKQQF F ^VF ^VF YNTN YNTN \F \FT T @G@L @G@LKB KB ]KBJ ]KBJN N ^VF ^VF QFT QFT VO KTVBO@GF, A@TTFV F @ DNBJ@V A@O @ F[F M@ YKB]KBJ@, NMKF, NTNBJN, YNTN ^VF NQQKO, FQJV @MF ÔTÑ GJF NDTKQQF N Y@T]N. ONTA@V A@O FLVB FO QVN ANOKQN YTF]N B@ YFK]@, @QJF ]VTN, @Q >< OF[KQ, KTF]F [FT@, @EVBMN LVB, F @CVNBK D@QN BNQ A@Q]NQ. @ OFQO@ FOYTFFBMFV N \KNEFO, ^VNBM@ AJFE@V NB]F N Y@T]N MF @MF ÔTÑ, MFV @ YKB]KBJ@ N FQJV @MF ÔTÑ, ÔTÑ , FQ]F FQ]F NDTKV NDTKV N Y@T]N Y@T]N F FGF FB]T@V. FB]T@V. FB]TF\ FB]TF\KM@ KM@-QF -QF A@O @G@LKB @G@LKB FZYGKANBM@-GJF @ ^VF NA@B]FAKN BN ]FTTN. @G@LKB @G@L KB N@ \FT \FT N ANOK ANOKQN QN, , \KV \KV ^VF ^VF KLN KLN @ JN\K JN\KN N A@B\ A@B\FT FT]K ]KM@ M@ BVO BVO KTVBO@GF F GJF MKQQF, KLN ]F MFV @ Y@MFT MF QFT @ \FTMVE@ MNQ KBCVQ]KÅNQ, ]Ó QFTÎQ @ ^VF GF\NTÎ CVQ]KÅN N ]@M@Q @Q ATKOKB@Q@Q. ]@M@Q @Q FEEVBQ F @TKQJNQ ]ÃO ^VF ]F VQNT, QFTÎQ MN A@BLKNBÅN MF ÔTÑO ÔT ÑOKG KGN N F NMFO NMFONK NKQ Q QF QFTÎ TÎQ Q @ FBAN FBANTT TTFE FENM NM@ @ MF GF\N GF\NT T FEEV FEEVB B N@ KED@ KED@ FEEVB. FEE VB. ^VNBM@ ^VNBM@ TF]@TB TF]@TBNT NT É ]FTTN ]FTTN F NMFONK NMFONKQ Q M@ @TKQJN @TKQJN NTVLKB, NTVLKB, ]F AJNO AJ NONT NTÎQ ÎQ ÔTÑ. ÔTÑ. QVNQ QVNQ YNGN YNGN\T \TNQ NQ QFTÁ QFTÁ@ @ GFKQ GFKQ F ]FTÎ ]FTÎQ Q MF QFAT QFATF] F]ÎT ÎTK@ K@ @CVNBK D@QN, ^VF L@K @ ^VF ]F ]T@VZF N]Ë N^VK. BN QVN \@G]N É ]FTTN, NTVLKB @T@ FB]FTT@V QVN ANOKQN A@O @ LTNBE@ F GF\@V CVQ]KÅN N ]@M@Q @Q MFGKB^×FB]FQ, GKOYNBM@ MF DNBM@GFKT@Q N ]FTTN. @CVNBK @CVN BK D@QN D@QN, , MFQM MFQMF F FB]Á FB]Á@, @, Ë @ FBAN FBANTT TTFE FENM NM@ @ MF TFA@TMNT QVN OKQQÁ@ Y@T FBANTE@ MF @G@TMVONTF.

AJNO AJNOÎÎ-G@ G@

F

GJF GJF

MFQMF FB]Á@, @ QV[FTF ONK@T MF @CVNBK D@QN Ë M@ NAKON, Y@KQ A@O FGF Ë A@BQNETNM@ ÔTÑ.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 1< ÔTÑ GFUF YN]NHKB @EDF UNGF3 4. BNQAF @ QFATF]@ QFATF]@ MN ]FGJN MF FEEVB. FEEVB. TFS@3 @GÔTÑ O@BK @MN @H@TKB @Y@G@Y@ @DNTN NUNBKTF N]K]NB KGF DFQVNUF FTF KHV @CNED@ NGNQJF @BN @TKQJNBGN @GVENBN NU@ KHV H@G@U@MF.

FDD@3 NHVH@, ]FGJN MF DNTT@, FHV, F[N, NUNM@, FY@, @Y@G@Y@ @U@.

YN]NHKB3 @GÔTÑ ]KBJN FO QVN A@T]F, VO NU@ AJNONM@ @EDF UNGF H@G@B@MF, @ ^VNG FTN NYTFAKNM@ Y@T QFT QÎDK@8 @GÔTÑ FBANTTFE@V-GJF MF TFAFDFT @Q ]TNDNGJ@Q ^VF KHV \KBJN TFNGKSNBM@ B@ KQNGF[F Y@T ONBM@ MFGF. ]@M@Q @Q FD@TN QNÏTNO N YT@AVTNT CVB]@ A@O KHV, @Q ON]FTKNKQ ^VF @GÔTÑ BFAFQQK]N\N, YNTN LNSFT @ FDD@ ^VF ÔTÑOKGN @ JN\KN ONTANM@. AJFENTNO É GNAVBN (GNE@N) YNTN YFENT GNON, ONQ BFBJVO M@Q FD@TN @ YFE@V8 YFE @V8 Q@OFB] Q@OFB]F F KHV @CF @CFND@ ND@ NGN NGNQJ@ QJ@BN, BN, BÁ@ ]F\F ]F\F A@OYNK A@OYNKZÁ@ ZÁ@ MF QVNQ QVNQ GNOFB]NÅÖFQ F YFE@V N GNON F N GF\@V N @GÔTÑ. FQ]F NETNMFAKM@, L@K \FT ÔTÑOKGN, ^VF BFQQN ]FTTN FTN TFYTFQFB]NM@ Y@T @EDF UNGF H@G@U@MF, F GJF A@B]@V @ ^VF JN\KN TFQ@G\KM@ KHV. FB]Á@, FB] Á@, @EDF UNGF UNGF H@G H@G@U@ @U@MF, MF, GJF MKQQF3 MKQQF3 GJF \@V MNT VO YTFQFB YTFQFB]F, ]F, YNTN ^VF QFOYTF Y@QQN FQ]NT YTFQFB]F FO ]@M@Q @Q FD@TN F \K\FT BN ANQN M@ NU@ MF ÔTÑOKGN. FB]Á@ FB]Á @ KB\@ KB\@AN ANBM BM@ @ @T @TKQ KQJN JNBG BGN N F @G @G@E @ENB NBN, N, YNTN YNTN ^VF ^VF N GNON GNON ^VF ^VF KHV KHV ]T@VZF, GJF LKSFQQF QVN TFYTFQFB]NÅÁ@, FB]Á@ LKSFTNO VON ]FGJN F VON YNBFGN MF DNTT@ A@SKM@, MFBMF @EDF UNGF ONTA@V QVN N]FBN F AJNO@V KHV @CFND@ NGNQJ@BN F GJF MKQQF3 KQ]@ ^VF ]FO N^VK Ë QVN TFYTFQFB]NÅÁ@ BN ]FTTN F QF AJNON KH@H@ NUNM@T@B@ H@GF VB@TKQJN. Y@KQ, @ DNTT@ TFYTFQFB]N ]@M@ @ ATKNM@ F @ ^VF O@TTF. KD@TV, KD@[N, KD@QJFQJF. FB]Á@, @GÔTÑ MKQQF N @EDF UNGF, ^VF Y@T ]FT YTFOKNM@ CVQ]NOFB]F KHV, @ LNTKN @DÎ MFQ]F TK]@, F MFQMF FB]Á@, @EDF UNGF TFAFDFV @ ]Ï]VG@ AJNONM@ @EDF UNGF H@G@U@MF, A@O@ Ë A@BJFAKM@ B@Q MKNQ MF J@CF.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 15 ÔTÑ GFUF YN]NHKB @MK HN3 1. @ YNA]@ YNA]@ FB]TF FB]TF ÔTÑ ÔTÑ F ÔTÑOKGN ÔTÑOKGN. . TFS@3 NMKLNLVB @DN]NGN @O@ OFMKG@EVB O@[FB FHV]F GNBTKB GNBGN @BV ENEN BK @MNTN @MNTN FGFEVN FGFEVN @QNB @QNB ÔTÑ ONTVBG ONTVBGN N @TKQN[ @TKQN[F F @DN]NG @DN]NGN N VOD@UN VOD@UN @BKHN @BKHN NDK]K BK NU@ @MK HN.

FDD@3 NHVH@, >< F[FGF, >< KEDKB, >< FU@, FHV]F, FY@, F[N, FHV, NUNM@, @]K, @ÞK, @DK, K]NBN, NÞNTK @HVB, NDK]K, D@ED@ FUF, @Y@G@Y@ @U@.

YN]NHKB3 @DN]NGN DNDN @TKQJF, ]KBJN >< @O@ HFHF, @Q ^VNKQ \K\KNO BVON ANQN ^VF ]KBJN BVON A@GKBN, FGF ]KBJN VO TN]@ ETNBMF ^VF FTN FGF ^VF @ NGKOFB]N\N, ONQ CÎ FQ]N\N ANBQNM@ MF QFT\KT N @DN]NGN F L@K N ANQN MF ÔTÑOKGN OKTNT-QF F QNKV FQ]F KLN. FB]Á@ ÔTÑOKGN GJF ONTA@V FDD@, @BMF GJF MKQQF ^VF ]KBJN ^VF ]FT ^VF LNSFT FDD@ QF ^VKSFQQF GK\TNT-QF MN FQATN\KMÁ@, @BMF FHV]F LFS @ FDD@ F @DN]NGN BÁ@ YÝMF V]KGKSÎ-G@ ONKQ A@O@ FQATN\@. N YNT]KT MFQQF MKN, @Q LKGJ@Q MF @DN]NGN A@OFÅNTNO N YNQQNT L@OF F Y@T KQQ@ QFOYTF FQ]N\N NLGK]@. VO MKN ÔTÑ YFTEVB]@V N @DN]NGN @ ^VF ^V F QF YNQQ YNQQN\ N\N N F FQ]F FQ]F GJF GJF A@B] A@B]@V @V @ NA@B NA@B]F ]FAK AKM@ M@. . ÔTÑ, ÔTÑ, N@ \FT \FT N @Y@T]VBKMNMF ^VF GJF NYTFQFB]N\N MKQQF N @DN]NGN3 \NO@Q LNSFT VO YNA]@, @DN]NGN GJF YFTEVB]@3 ^VNG Ë @ YNA]@ ^VF \NO@Q LNSFT0 F ÔTÑ GJF MKQQF, Ë @ QFEVKB]F, ^VF ]Ó BÁ@ QNKN N B@K]F F FV GJF ]TNTFK MF ]VM@ YNTN ]K F YNTN QFVQ LKGJ@Q. @DN]NGN NAFK]@V. ONQ QVAFMFV ^VF FGFEVN ^VFTKN YFENT ÔTÑ, L@K @BMF @DN]NGN A@O QF]F FQYKENQ MF OKGJ@ DTNBANQ YNTN GJF LNSFT NUNM@ BKÞN F A@O KQ]@ @ FBEN FB EN]V ]VSN SNDN DN YNTN YNTN A@OF A@OFTT-GJ GJF F F GF GF\Î \Î-G -G@ @ N ANQN ANQN MF ÔTÑO ÔTÑOKG KGN, N, @BMF @BMF ÔTÑOKGN GJF \KV FQ]F KLN, T@E@V-GJF N ANDFÅN F GJF MKQQF3 MVTNB]F QFK QF KQ MKNQ KNQ BÁ@ BÁ@ QNKN QNKN YFG@ YFG@ MKN MKN É TVN, VN, Y@KQ, @KQ, @ YNA YNA]@ A@O A@O ÔTÑ ÔTÑ F @DN]NGN, Ë ^VF @DN]NGN QNÏQQF YFG@ MKN A@O QFV ]TNCF F MF B@K]F QNÏQQF ÔTÑ A@O @ OFQO@ ]TNCF. @BMF ]@M@ OVBM@ MFDFTKN NATFMK]NT ^VF FTN @DN]NGN, ONQ N@ T@ENT-QF N ANDFÅN F GJF MKSFT ÔTÑOKGN ^VF BÁ@ QNÏQQF, ÔTÑ BÁ@ Y@MKN LNSFT BNMN, ONQ FQ]F QF MFV A@B]N ^VF @DN]NGN @ FQ]N\N FBENBNBM@ F ^VF FTN Y@T ANVQN MF FGFEVN. FB]Á@ ÔTÑ AJNO@V KHV F QNKV É TVN CVB]@ A@O NLFLF KHV @BMF ANB]N\N3

 NLFLF KHV O@UN G@BN G@BN D@ED@ @O@MF  NLFLF KHV G@BN.

 

]TN]NM@ MF @TVB ‑ \@GVOF > ‑ YÎEKBN 1: FGFQ FO TFYTFQÎGKN, ]TN]NTNO MF ]@ODNT N ANQN MF @DN]NGN F \FBM@ ^VF BÁ@ Y@MKNO, A@OFÅNTNO N ]@ODNT NQ M@Q MFONKQ, @BMF @Q LKGJ@Q MF @DN]NGN NBMN\NO YFGN TVN, F FGFQ ON]NTNO >6 MFGFQ F @ @V]T@ ^VF LKA@V \K\@, FQ]N\N OVK]@ ETN\F. @DN]NGN \@G]@V N ANQN MF ÔTÑOKGN F \@G]@V N QNKT @MK HN, @BMF GJF LFS FDD@ F GJF ONBM@V YÝT @ ANTNA@G F N NDK]N, É DFKTN MN YTNKN YNTN ^VF ÔTÑ @ YFENQQF. N@ \Ã-G@ ÔTÑ QNKV A@TTFBM@ YNTN @ ONT, ONQ NGK NG K FQ]N FQ]N\N \N FGFE FGFEVN VN FQYF FQYFTN TNBM BM@@-@ @ F @ ANY] ANY]VT VT@V @V, , FB]Á FB]Á@ @ ÔTÑO ÔTÑOKG KGN N @ TFMVSKV É @DFMKÃBAKN, F LFS @ YNA]@ A@O ÔTÑ F ÔTÑOKGN YNTN Y@MFT CVTNT ]@M@Q @Q LKGJ@Q MF ÔTÑOKGN F @QJN, YFG@ Y@MFT MF @MK HN.