TRANSFORMER DIAGNOSIS.pdf

TRANSFORMER DIAGNOSIS

Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Michael Krüger © 2006

© OMICRON

11/6/2014

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Tap Changer

Accessories

Vessel & Oil

Bushings

Core

Winding

Frequency in %

Sources of Faults

Source: Cigre_WG 12-05 „An international survey on failures in large power transformers in service“, Electra No. 88, 1983

© OMICRON

04.12.200411/6/2014

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Gas-in-Oil Analysis Type of Fault Partial Discharge Discharge with low Energy Discharge with high Energy Thermal Fault T saves time for post-processing !

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Block Diagram of CP TD1 Tanδ - measurement with CP DF12 Monday, 01. July 2002 High voltage output (0..12kV)

CN select channel

EUT (Cx)

primary

Ix_in In A

B_1

sec.

ADC

B_PE

tertiary

In B guard safety voltage-booster

calib RS232 & supply

CPC100 mains

DSP

serial-Interface

booster-Interface

B_2

CP TD1

Relay matrix for 7 different measuring modes without rewiring:

UST-A, UST-B, UST A+B FUNCTIONAL EARTH

GST, GSTgA, GSTgB, GSTgA+B

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Screenshot UST-B Mode

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C-Tan-Delta Measurement on Power Transformers Low Voltage Bushing 400kV Bushing Measuring Tap

Core

Tapped Winding High Voltage Winding Low Voltage Winding © OMICRON

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No se puede mostrar la imagen en este momento.

Transformer Winding Test

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Test Procedure for a 3-Windings Transformer No se puede mostrar la imagen en este momento.

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Tan Delta (f) with treated (dry) oil DF (f) H, HL, L 0.45 % 0.4 % 0.35 % 0.3 %

H(f) HL(f) L(f)

0.25 % 0.2 % 0.15 % 0.1 % 0.05 %

© OMICRON

450.0 Hz

400.0 Hz

350.0 Hz

300.0 Hz

250.0 Hz

200.0 Hz

150.0 Hz

100.0 Hz

50.0 Hz

0.0 Hz

0.0 %

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Tan Delta (f) with aged oil DF (f) H, HL, L 0.6 %

0.5 %

0.4 %

H(f) HL(f) L(f)

0.3 %

0.2 %

0.1 %

© OMICRON

450.0 Hz

400.0 Hz

350.0 Hz

300.0 Hz

250.0 Hz

200.0 Hz

150.0 Hz

100.0 Hz

50.0 Hz

0.0 Hz

0.0 %

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Tan Delta (f) of a 110kV transformer with high water content DF (f) H, HL 1.8 % 1.6 % 1.4 % 1.2 %

H(f) HL(f)

1.0 % 0.8 % 0.6 % 0.4 % 0.2 %

© OMICRON

450.0 Hz

400.0 Hz

350.0 Hz

300.0 Hz

250.0 Hz

200.0 Hz

150.0 Hz

100.0 Hz

50.0 Hz

0.0 Hz

0.0 %

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Tan Delta 11kV-0.4kV 800KVA (1966) DF HV-LV (f) 2.5 % 2.0 % 1.5 % 1.0 % 0.5 % 0.0 % 0.0 Hz

50.0 Hz

100.0 Hz

150.0 Hz

200.0 Hz

© OMICRON

250.0 Hz

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Unexpected ferquency curves 8.0 % 220kV Gießharzdurchführungen

7.0 % 6.0 %

0.8 % 0.75 %

5.0 %

0.7 %

4.0 %

0.65 %

3.0 %

0.6 % 0.55 %

2.0 %

0.5 %

1.0 %

Phase A Phase B Phase C

0.45 % 0.4 %

100.0 Hz 200.0 Hz 300.0 Hz 400.0 Hz 500.0 Hz

0.0Hz 50.0Hz 100.0H 150.0H 200.0H 250.0H 300.0H 350.0H 400.0H 450.0H z z z z z z z z

DF (f) 1.0 %

0.5 %

450.0 Hz

400.0 Hz

350.0 Hz

300.0 Hz

250.0 Hz

200.0 Hz

150.0 Hz

100.0 Hz

-0.5 %

50.0 Hz

0.0 % 0.0 Hz

0.0 % 0.0 Hz -1.0 %

17.0 Hz 30.0 Hz 80.0 Hz 130.0 Hz 230.0 Hz 400.0 Hz

-1.0 %

-1.5 %

© OMICRON

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Phases Not Connected or Bad Contacts

Currents through the windings cause additional inductive losses

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Phases Connected

All phases of the windings are on the same potential

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DF (f) 0.7 % 0.5 % 0.3 %

450.0 Hz

400.0 Hz

350.0 Hz

300.0 Hz

250.0 Hz

200.0 Hz

150.0 Hz

100.0 Hz

-0.3 %

50.0 Hz

Bad contact of short circuit

-0.1 %

0.0 Hz

0.1 %

-0.5 % -0.7 % -0.9 % -1.1 % -1.3 % -1.5 %

DF (f) 0.8 % 0.7 % 0.6 %

0.4 % 0.3 % 0.2 % 0.1 %

© OMICRON

04.12.200411/6/2014

450.0 Hz

400.0 Hz

350.0 Hz

300.0 Hz

250.0 Hz

200.0 Hz

150.0 Hz

100.0 Hz

50.0 Hz

0.0 % 0.0 Hz

Good contacts of short circuit

0.5 %

Page: 100

No se puede mostrar la imagen en este momento.

HV Bushings

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Capacitive Bushings (1) Emax= high

A

Emax= smaller A

without capacitive layers

with capacitive layers Earthing Cap

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Capacitive Bushings (2)

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Bushing Measuring Tap

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C-Tan Delta Progression of a Bushing C Tan-Delta Progression of a 220 kV RBP (Hard Paper) Bushing Year of Manufacturimg 1961, horizontal mounted, oil filled Tan Delta

Change of Capacitance

30

20

-3

Tan Delta x 10 Change of Capacitance %

25

15

10

5

0 75

77

79

81

83

85

87

89

-5

Source: RWE

Date of Measurement

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Bushing Fault

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Bushing after Explosion

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DF 145kV RIP (MICAFIL new)

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220kV RIP Bushing stored outside

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220kV RIP Bushing stored outside 0.85 % 0.75 %

Minimum

Tan Delta

0.65 %

31.03.2004 15.07.2004 08.10.2004

0.55 % 0.45 %

Minimum

0.35 %

Minimum 0.25 % 0.0 Hz

100.0 Hz

200.0 Hz

300.0 Hz

400.0 Hz

© OMICRON

500.0 Hz

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66kV Oil Circuit Breaker (USA)

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DF (f) 69 kV OIP Bushings Circuit Breaker Bushing C-PF Test V TEST* [V] 10032.20 10031.81 10031.55 10031.20 10028.73 10030.49

C meas. PF meas.[%] 2.836E-10 0.457 2.815E-10 0.491 2.853E-10 0.493 2.837E-10 0.486 2.855E-10 0.504 2.853E-10 0.449

© OMICRON

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DF (f) 69 kV OIP Bushings 60Hz 0.6 % 0.5 % 1 2 3 4 5 6

0.4 % 0.3 % 0.2 % 0.1 % 0.0 % *0.0 Hz

*100.0 Hz *200.0 Hz *300.0 Hz *400.0 Hz *500.0 Hz

© OMICRON

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DF (f) 69 kV OIP Bushings 17-400Hz

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OIP bushings 420kV (1994) Tan Delta

C

0.5

415

0.45

410

0.4

405 400

0.35

0.25

U

395

V

390

W

0.2

pF

%

0.3

U

+ 10%

V

385

W

380

0.15

375

0.1

370

0.05

365

0

360

0

100

200 Hz

300

400

0

100

200

300

400

Hz

© OMICRON

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Defectice 110 kV RPB Bushing C

Tan Delta 340

1.5

335

1.3

330 1.1

325

2V 2W

0.9

2N 1N

0.7

pF

%

2U

2U

2V 2W

320

2N

315

1N

310 0.5

305 300

0.3 0

100

200

300

Hz

Tan Delta (f)

400

0

100

200

300

400

Hz

C (f)

© OMICRON

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Defectice 110 kV RPB Bushing Tan Delta (U) 0.75 0.7 0.65 0.6 2V

%

0.55

2N 0.5 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 0

5

10

15

kV

Tan Delta (V) © OMICRON

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Suspicious 400 kV OIP Bushings (1998) Tan Delta (U) 0.5% 0.45% 0.4% 0.35% 0.3%

Spannungsverläufe unauffällig U TanDelta V TanDelta

0.25%

W TanDelta

0.2% 0.15% 0.1% 0.05% 0.0% 0.0V

2000.0V

4000.0V

6000.0V

8000.0V 10000.0V 12000.0V 14000.0V

© OMICRON

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Suspicious 400 kV OIP Bushings (1998) Reason ? Tan Delta (V)

0.49%

0.47%

Frequenzververläufe auffällig

0.45% U TanDelta V TanDelta

0.43%

W TanDelta

0.41%

0.39%

0.37% 0.0 Hz

50.0 Hz

100.0 Hz

150.0 Hz

200.0 Hz

250.0 Hz

300.0 Hz

350.0 Hz

© OMICRON

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Suspicious 123 kV RIP Bushing Reason ? 0.8% 0.7% Tan Delta

0.6% 0.5%

73

0.4%

80

0.3% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0 Hz

100.0 Hz 200.0 Hz 300.0 Hz 400.0 Hz 500.0 Hz

© OMICRON

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Measurement with high interference

Durchführung

HS Anschluss

Erdungsgarnitur

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Measurement with high interference

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Thank you for your Attention !

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