Training Man-E Cisco_Multicast.pdf

Project: Mở rộng mạng MAN-E Cisco 2015

IP Multicast Implementation

Nội dung Module 1 : Multicast Introduction Module 2: IGMP and Layer 2 Issue

Module 3: Multicast Routing Protocol Module 4: PIM SM Auto RP Announcement Module 5: PIM SM and PIM SSM Configuration Module 6: Introduce IPTV Model for MAN-E

Implement Multicast

Module 1: Multicast Introduction

Why Multicast ?

Multicast & Unicast

Multicast Advantages

Multicast Disadvantages

Type of Multicast Application

IP Multicast Application

IP Multicast Basic Addressing

IP Multicast Basic Addressing (cont.)

Layer 2 Multicast Addressing

Implement Multicast

Module 2: IGMP and Layer 2 Issue

IP Multicast Protocol Suite

IGMPv2 Multicast routers use IGMP to maintain information for each router interface about which multicast group traffic they should forward and which hosts want to receive it

IGMPv2 – Joining a Group

IGMPv2 – Maintaining a Group

IGMPv2 – Leaving a Group

IGMPv3 – Joining a Group

IGMPv3 – Changing a Group

Determining IGMP version running

Layer 2 Multicast Frame Switching

Layer 2 Multicast Switching Solution

Layer 2 Multicast Switching Solution - CGMP

Layer 2 Multicast Switching Solution – IGMP Snooping

Implement Multicast

Module 3: Multicast Routing Protocol

Multicast Protocol Basic

Shortest-Path Tree

Shortest-Path Tree (cont.)

Shared Distribution Tree

Multicast Distribution Tree Identification

Multicast Forwarding

PIM-DM Flood and Prune

PIM-DM Flood and Prune (cont.)

PIM-DM Flood and Prune (cont..)

PIM Sparse Mode

PIM-SM Shared Tree Join 1. The leaf routers knows the IP address of the RP for group G and sends a (*,G) Join for this group towards the RP 2. Building a branch of the Shared Tree that extends from the RP to the last-hop router directly connected to the receiver

PIM-SM Source Registration 1. Source encapsulates multicast data in Register Message and unicasts to RP 2. RP encapsulates the multicast data packet inside of the Register message and forwards it down the Shared Tree 3. The RP also sends an (S,G) Join back to the source network S to create a branch of an (S,G) Shortest Path Tree

PIM-SM Source Registration (cont.) 1. As soon as the SPT is build from teh Source router to the RP, multicast traffic begins to flow natively from the souce S to the RP 2. Once the RP begins receiving data natively (ie down the SPT) from source S, it sends a Register Stop to the source's first hop router to inform it that it can stop sending the unicast Register messages

PIM-SM Source Registration (cont..) At this point, multicast traffic from the source is flowing down the SPT to the RP and from there, down the Shared Tree to the receiver

PIM-SM SPT Switchover The default behavior for the PIMSM leaf routers attached to active receivers is to immediate join the SPT to the source as soon as the first packet arrives via the (*,G) Shared Tree. Can change SPT-Threshold – meaning multicast traffic rate before switchover

PIM SSM • Source-Specific Multicast (SSM), defined in RFC 4607, extends this concept to identify a set of multicast hosts not only by group address but also by source. • IANA has reserved for SSM the IPv4 address range 232.0.0.0/8 • PIM SSM uses PIM SM work with IGMPv3 to build SPT only toward to Source. • Advantages of PIM SSM – SSM channel is defined by both a source and a group address, group addresses can be reused by multiple sources while keeping channels unique. – SSM does not rely on the designation of a rendezvous point (RP) to establish a multicast tree.

Implement Multicast

Module 4: PIM SM Auto RP Announcement

Auto RP Discovery Overview Router can use one of the following three methods to learn the IP address of an RP:  The RP address can be statically configured on all the PIM-SM.  The Cisco-proprietary Auto-RP protocol can be used to designate the RP and advertise its IP address so that all PIM-SM routers can learn its IP address automatically.  A standard BootStrap Router (BSR) protocol can be used to designate the RP and advertise its IP address so that all the PIM-SM routers can learn its IP address automatically.

Auto-RP Protocol Step 1: The RP sends RP-Announce messages to the reserved multicast address 224.0.1.39 stating that the router is an RP. The RP-Announce message also allows the router to advertise the multicast groups for which it is the RP, thereby allowing some load-balancing of the RP workload among different routers.

Auto-RP Protocol Step 2: One router be configured as a mapping agent. The mapping agent multicasts another message, called RPDiscovery 224.0.1.40 to informs the general router population as to which routers they should use as RPs.

Simple Auto RP Configuration

BSR Protocol 1. The candidate-RPs send their candidate-RP advertisements directly to the elected BSR 2. The bootstrap message sent by the BSR includes information about all the candidate-RPs. BSR message uses PIM Message hopby-hop on each router. 3. Each router uses a common algorithm to select the same RP address for a given multicast group

Simple BSR Configuration

On each router:

ip multicast-routing

On each interface:

ip pim sparse-mode

On Router A,C:

ip pim rp-candidate loopback 0

On Router B:

ip pim bsr-candidate loopback 0

Implement Multicast

Module 5: PIM SM & PIM SSM Configuration

PIM-SM Configuration Commands

PIM-SM Configuration Commands (cont.) Auto-RP configuration

BSR configuration

PIM SSM Configuration Commands Enable PIM SSM

Inspect Multicast Routing Table

Show ip mroute

Finding PIM Neighbor

Show ip pim interface

Show ip pim neighbor

Show ip pim rp

IOS & IOS XR Enable Multicast Routing

Static RP

Auto-RP Configuration

IOS & IOS XR (cont.) BSR Configuration

Enable PIM SSM

Implement Multicast

Module 6: Introduce IPTV Model For MAN-E

IPTV & VoD Service Model VoD: 1. STB unicasts to EPG and VoD Server 2. U-PE relays STB’s DHCP message to DHCP server 3. User isolation at Metro switches , DSLAM and Bridge-domain split horison IPTV: 1. IP Multicast from BTV server to STB 2. Using PIM SSM for multicast routing. U-PE & PE-AGG must have routes to BTV server in IP routing table. 3. U-PE must map IGMPv2 to IGMPv3 in case of STB doesn’t support IGMPv3

PIM SSM Mapping on U-PE Example of configuring PIM SSM and SSM Mapping on U-PE

Project: Mở rộng mạng MAN-E Cisco 2015

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