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XVDHALE  .

Çlha`k Dläjasas tá`la Dläjasas tá`la`o......... `o....................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ................................. ................... 8 Dläjasas Dläj asas hk eräca eräca`os...... `os.................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. .............................. ................ 8  ____ Xapos Xapos hk eräca eräca`os.... `os.................. ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ........................................... .............................88  ____ Xapos @apo @ol`kptos ol`k ptos agpo agportdlt rtdltks......... ks....................... ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................................ .............................  ____  X s hk pjdz pjdzos....... os...................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................; .............;8  ____ @jdvks @jdvks pdrd jd jk`tu jk`turd rd hk eräca eräca`os......... `os....................... ............................. .............................. ............................. .......................................... ............................;;  ____ Ktdpds........... Ktdpds......................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. .......................................3 ........................3 Xkorçdd hk How.... Xkorç How................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. .........................3 ...........3  ____ Xklhkl`ad Xklhkl`ads........... s.......................... .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ....................................... .............................. ......33  ____ Çlha`ks....... Çlha`ks..................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ......................................... ...........................55 Caeurds Caeu rds eräca eräca`ds...... `ds..................... .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. .................................... .....................55  ____ Xapos Xapos hk pdtr pdtrolks.. olks................ ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ....................................... ............................. .....==  ____ Caeurds Caeurds hk alvkr alvkrsaðl saðl............. ........................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................................ ............................. =  ________ @drd`tkrçsta`ds @drd`tkrçsta`ds hk jds caeurds hk alvkrsaðl..........................................................................=  ________ Mogfro-`df Mogfro-`dfkzd-m kzd-mogfro ogfro............... .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ........................... .............11  ________ Mogfro-`dfkzd-mogfro Mogfro-`dfkzd-mogfro alvkrtaho......................................................................................1  ________  M kzd-mogfro ogfro `ogp `ogpjkno... jkno.................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ................................... .......................1 ...1  ________ Mogfro-`df Hogf Hofjk ofjk ro-`dfkzd-m tk`m tk`mo.......... o......................... ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. .................................................. ................................... 42  ________ Hofjk Hofjk sukj sukjo......... o........................ ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ...................... ........42 42 Xrapjk tk`mo tk`mo............... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ....................................... .............................. ......42 42  ________ Xrapjk  ________ Xrapjk Xrapjk sukjo sukjo.............. ............................ ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ................................44 .................44  ________ Rjdtajjos Rjdtajjos.............. ............................ ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ........................44 .........44  ________ Rþds.............. Rþds............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ........................................... ............................44 44 Caeurds hk `olt `oltalua aluahdh...... hdh.................... ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................................ ..............................44 .44  ____ Caeurds  ________ Xraäleujo Xraäleujos........... s......................... ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ................................................ .................................... ...44 44  ________ Xraä Xraäleujo leujoss sagá sagátra`o tra`os.......... s......................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ....................................... .............................. ......46 46  ________ Xraä Xraäleujo leujoss ds`kl ds`klhkltk hkltks............ s........................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. .......................... ............46 46  ________ Xraä Xraäleujo leujoss hks` hks`klhkl klhkltks.... tks.................. ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. .................................40 ..................40  ________ Xraä Xraäleujo leujoss dtçp dtçpa`os a`os............... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. .......................................... ..............................40 ..40 gkeäcolo colo sup supkraor......... kraor................... ............... ......... ....40 40  _______ _ Corgd`aðl kxpdlsavd, traäleujo havkrekltk o gkeä  _______ _ Hadg Hadgdltks dltks............... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ........................................40 .........................40 Fdlhkrds rds o fdlh fdlhkralk kralks........... s.......................... .............................. ............................. ............................. ....................................... ........................48 48  _______ _ Fdlhk  _______ _ @uôd @uôd.............. ............................ ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ................................................. .................................. 48  _______ _ Vk`täleujos, zold hk opkrd`aolks, edggd opkrdtavd o jçlkd....................................48  ________ Skjds Skjds `jdlhksta`i ........................... .......................................... .............................. ............................. ............................. .......................................4; ........................4;  _______ _ Kstru`tu Kstru`turd rd hk jds vkjd vkjds............ s........................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ....................................... ...........................4; ...4;  _______ _ Xapos Xapos hk vkjd vkjds........... s.......................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ........................... ............ 4;  _______ _  Lkutrds o dgfaeuds............................ dgfaeuds.................. ..................... ..................... .................... .................... ................ .......... ......... .......... .......... ......... .... 4;  _______ _ Skjdss hk olhd djtd.. Skjd djtd................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ....................................4; ......................4;  _______ _ Rkolzds....... Rkolz ds...................... .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ................................ ..................4; 4;  _______ _ Hona............. Hona ............................ .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. .................................43 ..................43  _______ _ Hona hk pakrl pakrlds ds jdred jdreds........... s.......................... .............................. ............................. .................................................. ....................................43 43  _______ _ Dj`a Dj`astds stds o Fujj Fujjasm..... asm................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ........................ .........43 43  _______ _ Erdl vkjd fjdl fjdl`d......... `d........................ ............................. ............................. .............................. ..............................................43 ...............................43

 

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_ Skjd fjdl fjdl`d `d dfak dfakrtd rtd Gdrufo Gdrufozu.......... zu......................... ............................. ............................. .................................... ........................4= ...4= _ Dpoyo `kôaho dj`astd.............................................................................................4= _ Rdutdd pklk Rdut pklktrdlt trdltk............ k.......................... ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ..............................41 ...............41 _ Jçlkds kltrk`ortdhds dj`astds.................................................................................41 _ Rdutd klvojvkltk dj`astd........................................................................................41 _ Xrks vkjds kxtkraorks dj`astds.................................................................................41 _ Mdrdga Mdrd ga dj`as dj`astd.......... td........................ ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ................................... ....................62 62 _ @ruz hk Mdrdg Mdrdgaa dj`as dj`astd......... td........................ .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ......................62 ........62 _ Xrks pdut pdutds ds altkr altkraorks aorks dj`as dj`astds...... tds.................... ............................. ............................. .......................................... ..............................62 ..62 _ Fdnastds Fdnastds o Fkdra Fkdrasm....... sm...................... ............................. ............................. ............................. .................................................. ....................................62 62 _ Erdl vkjd lker lkerd............ d........................... .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ..............................62 ...............62 _ Jdredd sogf Jdre sogfrd rd supkr supkraor....... aor..................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ....................................... .........................64 64 _ Jäpahd Jäpa hd Hona Hona.............. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ..................................64 ....................64

Jdred sogf Jdred sogfrd rd alckr alckraor..... aor................... ............................. .............................. ............................. .......................................... ............................ 43 Hona jafá jafájujd. jujd............... ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ................................ ..................45 45 Gdrtajjo... Gdrta jjo................. ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. .....................................45 .......................45 Gdrtajjo Gdrta jjo alvkrtaho alvkrtaho............. ........................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ...........................45 ............45 Jdredd vkjd fjdl Jdre fjdl`d.......... `d........................ ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ..............................45 ...............45 Skjd fjdl fjdl`d `d Gdruf Gdrufozu..... ozu.................... .............................. ............................. ............................. .........................................4= ..........................4= Skjd fjdl fjdl`d `d `krrd `krrdhd hd Gdruf Gdrufozu....... ozu...................... ............................. ............................. ................................ .......................... .........4= 4=

 _______ _ Kstrkjjd Kstr kjjd cuedz cuedz.............. ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................... ................. 64  _______ _ Mogfrk Mogf rk `oje `ojedho..... dho.................... ............................. ............................. .............................. .................................................. ................................... 64  _______ _ Jdredd vkjd lker Jdre lkerd............. d............................ ............................. ............................. .............................. ....................................... ...........................66 ...66 Skjd lker lkerdd Gdruf Gdrufozu...... ozu..................... ............................. ............................. ........................................................ .........................................66 66  _______ _  _______ _ Skjd lker lkerdd `krrd `krrdhd hd Gdruf Gdrufozu........ ozu...................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ........................... .............66 66  _______ _ Skjd lkerd dfakrtd Gdrufozu................................................................................66 Dpoyoo `kôa Dpoy `kôaho ho fdnas fdnastd......... td........................ ............................. ............................. .............................. ................................ ........................ .......60 60  _______ _  _______ _ @ufakrtd @ufa krtd hk jd lufk os`u os`urd.......... rd......................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ..............................60 ...............60  _______ _ Jçlkds kltrk`ortdhds fdnastds.................................................................................60 Rdutd klvojvkltk fdnastd........................................................................................60  _______ _  _______ _ Xrks vkjds kxtkr kxtkraorks aorks fdna fdnastds... stds.................. ............................. ............................. .............................................. .................................68 ..68 Mdrdga Mdrd ga fdnas fdnastd........ td....................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ...................... .......68 68  _______ _  _______ _ @ruz hk Mdrdg Mdrdgaa fdna fdnastd..... std.................... .............................. ............................. ...................................................... ........................................68 68 Xrks pdut pdutds ds altkr altkraorks aorks fdnas fdnastds........ tds....................... .............................. ............................. ......................................... ...........................68 68  _______ _  _______ _ @olsahkrd @olsahkrd`aol `aolks........ ks....................... .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ...........................68 ............68 Alha`dhor Alha` dhorks ks furs fursätajk ätajks.......... s......................... .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ...................................6; .....................6; Xapos hk alha alha`dhork `dhorks........... s.......................... ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. .............................6; ..............6;  ____ Xapos  ________ Alha`dhorks Alha`dhorks hk skeuagaklto hk tklhkl`ads........................................................................6;  ____________ Gkhads Gkhads gðva gðvajks...... jks..................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ..........................6; ...........6;  ____________ GD@H.............. GD@H............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................... ................63 63  ____________ Pastkgd Pastkgd hark` hark``aol `aoldj........ dj....................... .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ................................63 ..................63  ________ Os`ajdhorks Os`ajdhorks o dlta`apdtoraos..............................................................................................63  ____________ Ksto`ästa Ksto`ästa`os.... `os................... ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ................................................ .................................65 65  Gogkltug y Vdtk oc @mdlek.............. ............................ ............................. .............................. ............................. ..........................6= ............6=  ____________   ____________ Sojugkl..... Sojugkl.................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ..................................... ......................6= 6=  ____________ Ol-Fd Ol-Fdjdl` jdl`kk Soju Sojugk.......... gk......................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ................................ ........................ .......6= 6= Alha`dhorks rks havk havkrsos rsos............... ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ...............................................61 ................................61  ________ Alha`dho

 

Pastkgds hk trdha Pastkgds trdhale...... le..................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .................................. ............................ .........61 61 Pastkgd hk trdhale hk jd trapjk pdltdjjd.....................................................................................61  ____ Pastkgd  ____ P Pastkgd astkgd hk trdhale pdrdfðja`o...................................................................................................61  ____ Pastkgd Pastkgd hk trdh trdhale ale hk `dldj `dldj............... .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ........................................... .............................02 02  ____ Fdlhds Fdlhds hk Fojja Fojjalekr. lekr............... ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ................................... ......................... ....02 02 Ekstaðl Ekst aðl hkj halkr halkro........... o......................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ........................................ ......................... 02 Kj C-ðpt C-ðptago.... ago................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ................................................. ..................................02 02  ____ Kj  ____ V Vkalvkrsaðl kalvkrsaðl hk fklkca`aos.........................................................................................................04  ____ ¿@ðgo ¿@ðgo polk polkrr jos stop stops?........ s?...................... ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ...........................04 ............04  ________ Orhkl Orhkl hk stop stop-jos -joss........... s.......................... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ...................................... ........................04 04  ________ Orhkl Orhkl hk frkdi frkdi-kvkl -kvkl............... ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ................. ...04 04  ________ Orhkl Orhkl hk prot protk``að k``aðll hk edldl edldl`ads.... `ads................... ............................. ............................. ................................................... ....................................04 04 Vkejdss hk Xrdha Vkejd Xrdhale...... le.................... ............................. ............................. ............................. .............................. ............................. ....................................... ............................... ......04 04

 

D LÄJAPAP XÁ@LA@O  Kj dläjasas tá`la`o sk fdsd kl trks prkgasds culhdgkltdjks> 4. Jos gov govagakl agakltos tos hkj gk gkr`dho r`dho jjoo hks`u hks`ukltdl kltdl ttoho9 oho9 ks hk hk`ar, `ar, `ud `udjquak jquakrr `osd quk pu pukhd khd dck` dck`tdr  tdr  kj prk`ao (y toho dqukjjo quk sk togd kl `ukltd kl kj dläjasas culhdgkltdj) sk rkcjknd rkdjgkltk kl kj prk`ao. 6. Jos prk prk`aos `aos sk gu gukvkl kvkl po porr tklhkl tklhkl`ads `ads.. Ksto ks djeo ks kskl`ad kl`adjj kl kj dläjas dläjasas as tá`la tá`la`o, `o, puks kj  propðsato hk rkprkskltdr eräca`dgkltk jos govagakltos hkj prk`ao hkj gkr`dho ks pohkr  dldjazdr k ahkltaca`dr tklhkl`ads. 0. Kj gk gkr` r`dh dhoo ks `ç`j `ç`ja` a`o. o. D LÄJAPAP HK EVÄCA@OP  XAROP HK EVÄCA@OP Pu uso hkpklhk hk jos hdtos quk tkledgos. Jos tapos hk eräca`o quk pohkgos kl`oltrdr sol jos saeuakltks>  Eräca`os hk jçlkds  Eräca`o hk fdrrds (kj gäs utajazdho)  Eräca`o hk pulto y caeurd.  o eräca`o hk vkjds.    @dlhjksta`i  o  Ks`djds (dratgáta`d y joedrçtga`d o skgajoedrçtga`d) @OL@KRXOP AGROVXDLXKP 

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POROVXK  O  P[KJO> ärkd kl jd quk profdfjkgkltk sk kstdfajazdrä ul vdjor quk md kstdho hks`klhaklho. Pk kstdfajazdrä y rkfotdrä y sufarä, dj gklos tkgpordjgkltk. V KPAPXKL@AD KPAPXKL@AD O XK@MO> Ärkd kl jd quk uld d``aðl kl rk`upkrd`aðl vd d sucrar profjkgds,  puks ks holhk vd d rkfotdr. rkfotdr. EDGGD  ORKVDXASD  O  ^OLD  HK  CJ[@X[D@AÐL> är ärkd kd lk lkut utrd rdjj hk fd fdtd tdjj jjdd klt kltrk rk `ogprdhorks y vklhkhorks. GKHAD GÐSAJ> mkrrdgakltd tá`la`d quk sudvazd jd tklhkl`ad pral`apdj. C[ED> ks `udlho kj prk`ao hkj vdjor sk gukvk por kl`agd hkj tk`mo hk su zold hk rksastkl`ad. Mdy quk tklkr kl `ukltd hos `osds> `udlto gäs takgpo mdyd kstdho kj prk`ao  por hkfdno hk jd jçlkd hk rksastkl`ad, gäs saelaca`dtavd ks jd cued y quk `udlto gäs erdlhk skd> jd`dltahdh kxpdlsaðl hkj vojugkl jd cued, gäs dj`astd jds agpja`d`aolks. SOJ[GKL hk alvkrsorks qukhkkstäl pdrta`apdlho klskrä ksk gogklto.

 

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V [RX[VD [RX[VD> kj prk`ao hkj vdjor pdsd d govkrsk por hkfdno hkj paso hk jd zold hk soportk. KPXAVÐL  O  R[JJFD@I > jo quk lorgdjgkltk su`khk hkspuás hk quk ul vdjor mdyd sdjaho hk su edgd opkrdtavd. Ks uld `orrk``aðl tkgpordj trds jo `udj kj prk`ao vukjvk d jd zold hk cued. [ld `osd agportdltk ks quk, sa jd cued oraealdj lo sk vao d`ogpdôdhd hk ul al`rkgklto kl kj vojugkl, pukhk skr uld cdjsd roturd y kj prk`ao vukjvd d jd edggd opkrdtavd. JÇLKD  HK  XKLHKL@AD> rksu rksujt jtdh dhoo hk ul ular ar hos hos gçla gçlago gos. s. [l [ldd jçlk jçlkdd hk tklh tklhkl kl`a `add saelaca`dtavd kstä to`dhd gklos trks ksvk`ks. Kltrkklgdyor jd al`jald`aðl hkks ulddqukjjd jçlkd hkquk tklhkl`ad, gklosdjsaelaca`dtavd su rupturd kj jdhoskd fdno9 kl `dgfao, `udlto gäs morazoltdj ks, gäs lkedtavd sol jds agpja`d`aolks `udlho ks vaojdhd, ks hk`ar, pukhk `dkr y sufar gäs. ORKVDHOV > dqukj quk quakrk dtrdpdr jos govagakltos saelaca`dtavos hk hos d `udtro gksks A LSKVPAOLAPXD> dfdr`d ul pkraoho hk takgpo gäs jdreo. C[KV^D  VKJDXASD> k`ud`aðl hk ul vdjor o erupo hk vdjorks kl rkjd`aðl `ol kj gkr`dho ejofdj. Pk oftaklk hk jd saeuakltk corgd>  Cukrzd rkjdtavd rkjdtavd

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 prk`ao hkul hk ul vdjor  prk`aohk  prk`ao hk uld gkhad hk gkr`dho gkr`dho

Pk pukhk altkrprktdr hk jd saeuakltk gdlkrd> sa kj vdjor ] sk rk`upkrd kl ul por`kltdnk gklor dj gkr`dho, kstk çlha`k ks guy fdno, dulquk kj vdjor kstá sufaklho9 sa kj vdjor ] hks`aklhk kl ul por`kltdnk gdyor dj gkr`dho, kstk çlha`k ks cdvordfjk, dulquk kj vdjor  kstá fdndlho. SKLXD KL @OVXO> vkltd hk d``aolks quk ulo lo poskk.

V KEJD KEJD AGROVXDLXK  @[DLHO  KJ  SDJOV   @V[^D  [L  POROVXK, ÁPXK  RDPD  D  PKV   [LD  VKPAPXKL@AD  Q  @[DLHO  KJ SDJOV  @V[^D [LD VKPAPXKL@AD, ÁPXK RDPD D PKV  [L POROVXK. XAROP HK RJD^OP  Altrdhçd> opkrd`aolks quk sk dfrkl y `akrrdl kj gasgo hçd. @orto pjdzo> hk uld d skas skgdlds. Gkhao pjdzo> hk skas skgdlds d `udtro gksks Jdreo pjdzo> hk `udtro d ho`k gksks. @JDSKP RDVD JD JK@X[VD HK EVÄCA@OP  4. Ofsk Ofskrvdr rvdr pult pultds ds g gäxagd äxagds, s, g gçlag çlagds ds y hk `akrr `akrrk. k. 6. Xklk Xklkrr kl `ukl `ukltd td kj voju vojugkl. gkl. Jd skô skôdj dj ks cdvo cdvordfjk rdfjk `u `udlho dlho kj vvojugk ojugkll `rk`k dj dds`klh s`klhkr kr kj  prk`ao y hks`aklhk `udlho kj prk`ao jo md`k. [l vojugkl cukrtk agpja`d uld `ogprd cukrtk y urekltk quk kgpundrä kj vdjor gäs drrafd. 0. Gkhad g gððvaj. Lul`d  mdy quk `ogprdr ul vdjor quk kstä opkrdlho por hkfdno hk uld gkhad gðvaj hks`klhkltk la vklhkr kl `orto ul vdjor quk kstä opkrdlho por kl`agd hk uld gkhad gðvaj ds`klhkltk. 8. Col Colho ho mas mastðr tðra`o a`o hkj vdj vdjor. or. Mdy quk tr trdzd dzdrr uld jçlkd hks hkshk hk kj prk` prk`ao ao hk sdjah sdjahdd hksh hkshkk kj dôo quk sdjaksk mdstd kj prk`ao d`tudj. ;. Cukrz Cukrzdd rkjd rkjdtavd tavd.. Pa kkss fdn fdnd, d, mdy quk oojvahd jvahdrr ksk vdjo vdjor. r.

 

KXDRDP 

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KXDRD  4 (ÄVKD  HK  FDPK)> D gkhahd quk sk corgd jd fdsk, kj vojugkl hks`klhkrä,

vojvaklho d kxpdlharsk dj caldj hk kstd ktdpd, dulquk jos prk`aos sucrdl `dgfaos. Jd gkhad gðvaj pakrhk al`jald`aðl, hks`aklhk y kgpakzd d djjdldrsk. Kj po`os vdjor cju`tudrä  por kl`agd y por hkfdno hk jd gkhad gðvaj. Jd skôdj hk `ogprd kl kstd ktdpd ks `udlho kj vdjor rogpk `ol su jçlkd hk tklhkl`ad morazoltdj `ol vojugkl `rk`akltk d gkhahd quk jd gkhad gðvaj kgpakzd d hkspjdzdrsk jaekrdgkltk md`ad drrafd.  KXDRD  6 (CDPK  HK  DSDL@K)> Kj gogklto ahkdj hk `ogprdr ks `udlho kj vdjor d sdjaho hk su fdsk. Kstd cued sk sukjk prohu`ar `ol ul vojugkl cukrtk. Jd gkhad gðvaj kgpakzd d ds`k ds`klh lhkr kr hk hksp spuá uáss hk jd cu cued ed md mdst stdd quk, quk, hksp hkspuá uáss hk gu gu`m `moo takg takgpo po hk ul `ogportdgaklto dj`astd, kj äleujo hk ds`klso hk jd gkhad gðvaj skrä `olsahkrdfjkgkltk gklor (kj vdjor sk md sofrkkxtklhaho y yd lo ks uld fukld `ogprd). Mdy quk tklkr kl `ukltd quk kltrk gäs sk hkgork jd `ogprd kl kstd ktdpd, gäs krräta`ds sol jds os`ajd`aolks kl kj prk`ao.  KXDRD  0 (KXDRD  HK  XK@MO)> Kl kstd ktdpd kj vdjor sk md kquajafrdho, kj vojugkl ks cukrtk y jos govagakltos sol frus`os y `ortdltks. Jd gkhad gðvaj `ogaklzd d djjdldrsk. Ks agportdltk lo `ogprdr lul`d ul vdjor quk sk kl`ukltrk kl kstd ktdpd.  KXDRD 8 (CDPK  HKP@KLHKLXK)> Pk prohu`k uld rupturd md`ad dfdno. Kstd ks jd ktdpd hk vklhkr kl `orto, lo hk `ogprdr. Ks agportdltk rk`dj`dr quk jds ktdpds lo saeukl ul orhkl, puks pukhkl vkrsk `dsos kl quk ul vdjor sdjed hk jd ktdpd 0 pdrd vojvkr d jd ktdpd 6. XKOVÇD HK HOU  Ha`md tkorçd cuk `rkdhd por How y sk havahk kl hos pdrtks> XKLHKL@ADP K ÇLHA@KP. XKLHKL@ADP Kxastkl trks tapos hk tklhkl`ads>  

4. XKLHKL@AD  RVAGDVAD. Xaklk juedr kl jdreos  pkraohos hk takgpo `ogo `ogo dôos o há`dhds.

 

6. XKLHKL@AD  PK@[LHDVAD> Tuk dfdr`d takgpos `ogo skgdlds y gksks y quk sk hksdrrojjd `ol uld tklhkl`ad `oltrdrad dj govagaklto pragdrao. 0. XKLHKL@AD XKV@ADVAD> Cju`tud`aolks hadrads hk jos prk`aos quk sk pukhkl govkr kl `udjquakr  hark``aðl. Ç LHA@KP How jos `jdsaca`ð kl hos tapos hk çlha`ks> kj alhustradj y kj hk ckrro`drrajks, quk gäs tdrhk `dgfað d çlha`k hk trdlsportks. Vkspk`to d jos çlha`ks, sk tklçdl jds saeuakltks rkejds> 4. Jos çlh çlha`ks a`ks jo hks hks`ukl `ukltdl tdl toho toho.. Ks hk`ar, kl kjj kjjos os sk rkcjkn rkcjkndd kj `ogpor `ogportdgak tdgaklto lto ekl eklkrdj krdj hk `udjquakr `ogpdôçd, kstá o lo al`juahd kl jos gasgos. @udjquakr cd`tor quk puhakrd al`juar  kl jd `otazd`aðl hk jds kgprksds, qukhd rkcjkndho kl jos çlha`ks. 6. Kj gkr gkr`d `dho ho sk gu gukv kvkk kl fds fdskk d tklh tklhkl kl`a `ads ds y jds jds tklh tklhkl kl`a `ads ds sk `olc `olcar argd gdll kl fds fdskk hkj hkj `ogportdgaklto hk dgfos çlha`ks. Ksto ks `olo`aho `ogo KJ RVAL@ARAO HK @OLCAVGD@AÐL. 0. Popo Poportks rtks y rksas rksastkl` tkl`ads. ads. @udl @udlho ho kj govag govagaklt akltoo hk vdrads skg skgdlds dlds hkj rdl rdleo eo hk prk`ao prk`aoss lo ks supkraor dj ;%, sk trdzd uld jçlkd hk soportk o rksastkl`ad eklkrdlho ul pkraoho hk hastrafu`aðl. @udlho dgfds gkhads rogpkl por kl`agd hk kstd jçlkd hk rksastkl`ad, jos  prk`aos tklhräl uld roturd dj`astd9 kl `dso hk rogpkr por hkfdno hk kstd jçlkd hk soportk, jos  prk`aos tklhräl uld uld roturd fdnastd. 8. Gkr Gkr`dh `dhoo sof sofrk` rk`ogp ogprdh rdhoo y sof sofrkv rkvklh klhaho aho.. [l gkr gkr`dh `dhoo sof sofrk` rk`ogp ogprdh rdhoo guk gukst strd rd cdjtd cdjtd hk cukrzd kl su vahd y guy d`tavo kl jds `orrk``aolks fdnastds9 ul gkr`dho sofrkvklhaho gukstrd cdjtd hk cukrzd d`tavo `orrk``aolks dj`astds. ;. [taj [tajazdr azdr sð sðjo jo jos pr prk`aos k`aosklhhkkfdndhd `akrrk `akrrk,,ypuks kl kl kjj kjjos os sk rkcj rkcjknd knd jos cu culhdgk lhdgkltos ltos hhkj kj gkr`dh gkr`dho. o. 3. Cdsk Cdskss hk gk gkr` r`dh dhoo. d. Cdsk hk d`u d`ugujd` gujd`aðl. aðl. Ho Holhk lhk jos pr prk`ao k`aoss gukstr gukstrdl dl fukl fuklds ds opor oportulah tulahdhks dhks hk `o `ogprd. gprd.  f. Cdsk hk d`tavahdh. Holhk su`khk ul cukrtk dugklto hk jd d`tavahdh hk jos vdjorks> (sufahds hk prk`aos) supolaklho uld gknorçd pdrd jos hdtos k`olðga`os hk jd kgprksd. `. Cds Cdskk hk hast hastraf rafu` u`aðl aðl o ala ala`ao `aoss hkj gkr` gkr`dho dho fdn fdnast astd. d. [l erd erdll lþgkr lþgkroo hk alv alvkrs krsork orkss `ogprdl d prk`aos sofrkvdjordhos progktaklho räpahos fklkca`aos. Ks kltol`ks `udlho jos alvkrsorks alstatu`aoldjks vklhkl hk corgd ks`djoldhd. h. Cdsk hk pä päla`o. la`o. H Holhk olhk sk ekl eklkrdl krdl cuk cukrtks rtks vkl vkltds, tds, ekl eklkrdlh krdlhoo erdlhk erdlhkss párhah párhahds ds pdrd jos pkqukôos alvkrsorks. k. Cdsk hk kkrosa rosaðl ðl hk prk prk`aos. `aos. H Holhk olhk jjds ds gdjd gdjdss lota lota`ads `ads gu gukstrd kstrdll rdjy rdjyss fdna fdnastds stds.. 5. Kj voj vojugk ugkll sk guk gukvk vk `ol jd tklhk tklhkl` l`ad. ad. Pa kj gkr`dh gkr`dhoo ks dj` dj`ast astd, d, kj dugkl dugklto to hkj voj vojugk ugkll `olcargd por fdnastd, jo tdlto, hasgalu`aðl hkj vojugkl dvasdjdkjfdndhd. cal hk Jd jd tklhkl`ad9jdkltklhkl`ad, ul gkr`dho kj uld al`rkgklto hkj vojugkl `olcargd hasgalu`aðl dvasd hkj cal hk jd tklhkl`ad fdnastd. CAE[VDP EVÄCA@DP  Rdtrolks corgdhos por jds `otazd`aolks. Pu utajahdh rdha`d kl quk jd profdfajahdh hk quk jds `otazd`aolks sk `ogportkl hk hktkrgaldhd corgd trds corgdr uld caeurd ks gäs djtd hk jo lorgdj. Dsç, jds caeurds los dyuhdl `ol gu`md `jdrahdh sa los kl`oltrdgos kl kj jdho kquavo`dho hkj gkr`dho. Mdy hos tapos pral`apdjks hk caeurds> 4. HK  ALSKVPAÐL> alha`dl ul `dgfao hk tklhkl`ad, hdlho pdso d uld tklhkl`ad jdtkrdj o hk saelo `oltrdrao. 6. HK  @OLXAL[D@AÐL> hurdl gklos y `olcargdl jd vdjahkz hk uld tklhkl`ad d`tudj k alha`dl quk, hkspuás hk uld frkvk pdusd, ks profdfjk quk jd tklhkl`ad `oltalþk.

 

Djeulds caeurds pukhkl skr hk ul tapo o hk otro skeþl jds `ar`ulstdl`ads. Pa vdrads caeurds hk ul eräca`o dpultdl d uld gasgd hark``aðl, jds skôdjks sk rkcukrzdl9 kl `dso `oltrdrao, jds skôdjks sk `dl`kjdl y ks gknor lo dfrar posa`aolks. Dj fus`dr caeurds mdy quk tklkr kl `ukltd quk laleuld caeurd ks alcdjafjk, puks cul`aold kl jd gdyorçd hk jos `dsos, pkro lo sakgprk y quk mdy quk fus`dr sakgprk skôdjks quk los `oltrdhaedl, lo dqukjjds quk los rkdcargkl. XAROP HK RDXVOLKP  HK @DGFAO Jd caeurd `dgfad jd tklhkl`ad prkvad9 ks hk`ar, sa mdy uld tklhkl`ad dj`astd y dpdrk`k jd caeurd, `ogklzdrä uld tklhkl`ad fdnastd y va`kvkrsd. 

HK @OLXAL[D@AÐL Kj gkr`dho md`k uld pkqukôd pdusd pdrd `oltaludr `ol jd tklhkl`ad kxastkltk prk`khkltk d jd alcorgd`aðl hk jd vkjd

CAE[VDP HK ALSKVPAÐL @DVD@XKVÇPXA@DP HK JDP CAE[VDP HK ALSKVPAÐL 4. Kxas Kxastkl`a tkl`add hk uld tklh tklhkl`ad kl`ad dl dltkrao tkraor. r. Jos `dgf `dgfaos aos hk tkl tklhkl`a hkl`add lo sol dfru dfruptos ptos,, jd gdyorç gdyorçdd rkquakrk hk ul pkraoho hk trdlsa`aðl. Rdrd `udjquakr gohkjo hk `dgfao hkfk hk kxastar uld 6. 0. 8. ;. 3.

tklhkl`ad alvkrsaðl. dltkraor, jd `udj mdy quk tklkr `jdrd `uäj ks dltks hk jo`djazdr jd caeurd hk Vupt Vupturd urd hk agpo agportdl rtdltk tk jçlkd hk tk tklhkl lhkl`ad. `ad. Jd pra pragkrd gkrd skôd skôdjj hk ul `dgfa `dgfaoo algalk algalkltk ltk kl jd tklhkl`ad ks d gkluho jd rupturd hk uld agportdltk jçlkd hk tklhkl`ad. @udlt @udltoo gäs eerdlhk rdlhk kkss jd cae caeurd, urd, gd gdyor yor ks kj sae saeuakl uakltk tk gov govagakl agaklto. to. Jos pdt pdtrolks rolks su supkra pkraorks orks eklk eklkrdjgk rdjgkltk ltk sol gäs `or `ortos tos y vojä vojätajks tajks qu qukk jos alckr alckraorks aorks.. Jos pdt pdtrol rolks ks alck alckrao raorks rks tak taklkl lkl fdl fdlhds hds hk prk` prk`aos aos gäs pkq pkqukô ukôos os y sol gäs jdre jdreos os quk jos supkraorks. Kj voj vojugkl ugkl su sukjk kjk skr gäs ag agport portdltk dltk hk hkjj jdho ds` ds`klhkl klhkltk tk quk hkj hk hks`klh s`klhkltk. kltk.

D `oltalud`aðl, sk klugkrdl jds caeurds hk alvkrsaðl. MOGFVO-@DFK^D-MOGFVO Jd `dfkzd y jos mogfros kl jds `agds hk uld tklhkl`ad gdr`dl kj cal hk uld tklhkl`ad dj`astd. Jd `dfkzd ks ul pa`o hk prk rk`a `aoos ro rohk hkdh dhdd por por hos hos pa`o pa`oss gklork gkl orkss (jos (jos mogfr mogfros os). ). [l [ldd jçlkd jçlkd hk `ukjjo `olk`td jos gçlagos hk jos hos mogfros. Ks agportdltk gkl`aoldr quk uld uld jçlk jçlkdd hk `ukj `ukjjo jo hks` hks`kl klhk hklt ltkk ks kspk`adjgk kspk `adjgkltk ltk fdnas fdnastd, td, sael saelaca`d aca`dlho lho quk jd `dçhd skrä dþl gäs cukrtk. Kj rk`ortk hkj mogfro hkrk`mo md hk rogpkr jd jçlkd hk `ukjjo, saelaca`dlho kltol` klt ol`ks ks quk jd tkl tklhkl hkl`ad `ad dj` dj`ast astdd kst kstää gukrtd. @udlho jos prk`aos rogpkl jd jçlkd hk `ukjjo, lorgdjgkltk vukjvkl d

 

jd gasgd, pkro `ol ul vojugkl gäs fdno. Ks kltol`ks quk los kl`oltrdgos kl ul fukl gogklto  pdrd vklhkr. Kstds caeurds tdgfaál los propor`aoldl uld hadld dproxagdhd pdrd jd lukvd tklhkl`ad fdnastd y sk pukhk oftklkr gahaklho jd hastdl`ad hkshk jd `agd hk jd `dfkzd mdstd jd jçlkd hk `ukjjo,  proyk`tälhojd md`ad dfdno hk jd jçlkd hk `ukjjo. Ástd los hd uld pastd hk mdstd hðlhk pukhk `dkr kj  prk`ao hkj vdjor. Pa lo su`khk jd d``aðl quk kspkrdgos y jos prk`aos sk gukvkl md`ad jd hark``aðl opukstd, ks gogklto hk sal`rolazdrsk `ol jd lukvd tklhkl`ad. [ld caeurd mogfro-`dfkzd-mogfro dfortdhd `olhu`k gu`mds vk`ks d uld cukrtk `oltalud`aðl dj`astd. MOGFVO-@DFK^D-MOGFVO ALSKVXAHO Ks Kstk tk pdtr pdtrðl ðl sk hk hksd sdrr rroj ojjd jd `udl `udlho ho ul uldd tklhkl`ad fdnastd pakrhk cukrzd y kstä jastd pdrd alvkrtar su hark``aðl. Pa jd al`jald`aðl hk jd fdsk hk `ukjjo ks morazoltdj o md`ad drrafd lo mdy hkgdsadhd hackrkl`ad, pkro sa ks md`ad dfdno, jd skôdj hk gkr`dho ks háfaj.   Jd sufahd d pdrtar hk jd `dfkzd hkf hkfkrçd krçd hk tklkr ul vojugkl gäs cukrtk y jd roturd kl jd  fdsk hkj `ukjjo hkfkrçd hk hdr uld kxpjosaðl hk opkrd`aolks. Hkspuás hk `ruzdr fdsk hkj `ukjjo, sukjk mdfkr ul rktro`kso qukjdpkrgatkl op`aolks hk `ogprd holhk sk drraksed gklos,  puks kj trdhale kl jds zolds zolds hk prk`aos fdnos ks gklos vojätaj. MOGFVO-@DFK^D-MOGFVO @OGRJKNO D vk`ks pukhk mdfkr uld vdrad`aðl hkj pdtrðl mogfro-`dfkzd-mogfro y pukhkl dpdrk`kr uld `dfkzd hofjk o ul mogfro hofjk, hkrk`mo o azquakrho. Lo sol caeurds `ogulks, pkro taklkl jds gasgds agpja`d`aolks pdrd md`kr prolðsta`os prolðsta`os.. Mdy quk tklkr uld sagktrçd hk jd caeurd, puks sa mdy ul sojo mogfro azquakrho, eklkrdjgkltk sðjo mdfrä ul sojo mogfro hkrk`mo y sa mdy ul hofjk mogfro azquakrho, ks guy profdfjk quk mdyd ul hofjk mogfro hkrk`mo. HOFJK XK@MO Kstd caeurd taklk hos pa`os dproxagdhdgkltk hkj gasgo lavkj, dulquk mdy quk tklkr `uahdho, porquk kj skeulho gäxago pukhk kstdr jaekrdgkltk gäs drrafd quk kj pragkro. Kstd caeurd sk `ogpjktd `udlho kj vdjjk hkj gkhao kl kj pulto F sk rogpk kl uld fdsk hk `akrrk. Kj vojugkl eklkrdjgkltk ks gäs fdno kl kj skeulho pa`o y sk al`rkgkltd trds jd `dçhd. Kj ofnktavo gçlago hk kstd caeurd ks jd djturd hkj gäxago proyk`tdhd md`ad dfdno d pdrtar hk pulto hk `dçhd, ks hk`ar, hkshk jd jçlkd alckraor. Rdrd `olcargdr  kst kstdd cae caeurd urd,, ks d`o d`olsk lskndf ndfjk jk rk` rk`urr urrar ar d alh alha`d a`dhor horks ks tá`la`os.

 

HOFJK P[KJO Kl kstd caeurd, kj al`rkgklto hk vojugkl dj rogpkr  jd jçlkd morazoltdj supkraor ks gäs agportdltk quk jd caeurd hk hofjk tk`mo. Jos govagakltos hk rktorlo d kstd jçlkd sol gäs `ogulks. Dj aeudj quk kl jd caeurd hk hofjk tk`mo, kj skeulho gçla gçlago go pukh pukhkk kstd kstdrr ja jaek ekrd rdgk gklt ltkk po porr hk hkfd fdno no hkj hkj  pragkro. Rdrd dyuhdrlos kl jds prkha``aolks, los dyuhdgos hk alha`dhorks tá`la`os. Kl jds hos caeurds dltkraorks, kj takgpo kltrk pa`o y vdjjd vdj jd ks guy agpo agportd rtdltk ltk.. @ud @udlto lto gäs jdreo jdreo skd kj  pkraoho kltrk jos hos pa`os y gdyor skd jd djturd hkj pdtrðl, gdyor skrä kj potkl`adj hk `dgfao algalkltk. Rdrd quk skd väjaho, hkfkrçdgos hk tklkr ul takgpo hk ul gks kltrk jos hos pa`os o vdjjds. XVARJK XK@MO Sdra Sd rad` d`að aðll hk jd ca caeu eurd rd mogf mogfro ro-` -`df dfkz kzddmogfro, dulquk gklos crk`ukltk. Jos lavkj, trk trkss pkro pa` pa`os ostdgfaál kst kstäl äl alha`d dpr dproxa oxagdh gdhdgk dgkltk ltk dj gasgo uld `dçhd. Kj vojugkl taklhk d fdndr `ol pa`o kl jd  pdrtk supkraor y hkfkrçd hkfkrçd hk `rk`kr kl jd rupturd.  Lo kstä `ogpjkto mdstd quk jd jçlkd mo mora razo zolt ltdj dj quk quk `olk `olk`t `tdd jos jos hos hos gç gçla lago goss dltkraorks lo sk rogpk. Xdgfaál sk pukhk usdr  `ogo skôdj hk `dgfao jd rupturd hkj vdjjk gäs `kr`dlo. Jd tá`la`d pdrd candr kj sto`i hk fklkca`ao ks  proyk`tdr mdfçd dfdno, hkshk jd jçlkd morazoltdj hk vdjjd, jd djturd totdj hk jd caeurd.

XVARJK P[KJO @dhd gçlago kstä dj gasgo lavkj. Rdrdd `og Rdr `ogpjk pjktdr tdrjk, jk, ks lk` lk`ksd ksdrao rao quk md mdyd yd ul `rk`agaklto kl kj vojugkl dj djzd. Rd Rdrd rd sdfkr dfkr mdst dstd hðl ðlhk hk skrä skrä jd su suffah ahd, d,  proyk`tdgos jd djturd hk jd caeurd hkshk jd jçlkd morazoltdj supkraor.

 

RJDXAJJOP Ro`o crk`ukltks, holhk sk gukstrd ul `dgfao jklt jkltoo y er erdh dhud udjj hk hksk hkskl` l`dh dhkl kldl dltk tk jdtk jdtkrd rdjj y ds`klhkltk. @udlto gäs takgpo hurdl, gäs agportdltks sol.

RÞDP Kstd caeurd sol jos `dgfaos kl kj gkr`dho gäs hacç`ajks hk trdtdr. Dpdrk`kl guy räpahdgkltk y `ol ul pkraoho hk trdlsa`aðl guy `orto o alkxastkltk. Dpdrk`kl kl jos gkr`dhos quk sk mdl sofr sofrkk kkxt xtkl klha haho ho tdlt tdltoo kl ul uldd ha hark rk`` ``að aðll qu qukk ul uldd alcorgd`aðl dhvkrsd rkpkltald pukhk md`kr quk kj gkr`dho sk vukjvd kl jd hark``aðl `oltrdrad hk corgd dfruptd. D vk`ks, jd þla`d dhvkrtkl`ad ks ul `dgfao hadrao o skgdldj `ol ul cukrtk vojugkl. Djeulos alha`dhorks tá`la`os los dyuhdl d pohkr  ofskrvdr `uälho jos vdjorks y jos gkr`dhos sk mdl sofrkkxtklhaho pkjaerosdgkltk. CAE[VDP HK @OLXAL[AHDH XVAÄLE[JOP Kxastkl trks tapos> sagátra`o, ds`klhkltk y hks`klhkltk. Kj rkquasato gçlago pdrd quk kxastd ul traäleujo ks quk kxastdl `udtro pultos hk `dgfao, dulquk gu`mos traäleujos taklkl skas, ks hk`ar, taklkl trks pa`os y trks vdjjks. XVAÄLE[JOP PAGÁXVA@OP Jds cukrzds dj`astds y fdnastds kstäl kquajafrdhds y jd tklhkl`ad profdfjkgkltk skeuarä.  Lorgdjgkltk rkprkskltd uld pdusd kl jd tklhkl`ad d`tudj, quk jukeo rktogdrä jd hark``aðl oraealdj. Mdy ul jçgatk tkgpordj pdrd jd rksoju`aðl hk kstd caeurd, quk ks kj pulto holhk dgfds jçlkds sk kl`ukltrdl.

 

Jd rkejd eklkrdj ks quk jos prk`aos togdl jd hark``aðl hk jd tklhkl`ad dltkraor kltrk jos hos tkr`aos y jos trks `udrtos hkj dl`mo morazoltdj hkj traäleujo, ks hk`ar, jd hastdl`ad hk jd fdsk vkrta`dj d jd azquakrhd hk jd caeurd mdstd kj várta`k kl kj kxtrkgo hkrk`mo. [ld sdjahd por kj jdho supkraor, sk alha`d por uld pklktrd`aðl hk jd jçlkd hk tklhkl`ad supkraor,  pkro sa jos prk`aos pkrgdlk`kl hkltro hkj traäleujo, gäs djjä hk jos pultos hk jos trks `udrtos, kj traäleujo  pakrhk su potkl`ad, alha`dlho quk jos prk`aos skeuaräl hkspjdzälhosk mdstd kj várta`k y gäs djjä hk áj. Rr Rrop opor or`a `aol oldd ul uldd `o `ogf gfal ald` d`að aðll kltr kltrkk prk` prk`ao ao y takgpo. Kj vojugkl hkfkrçd hk hasgaluar d gkhahd quk kj  prk`ao os`ajd hk gdlkrd kstrk`md hkltro hkj traäleujo, hkfaklho rk`upkrdrsk hk gdlkrd lotorad dj rogpkr jd jçlkd hk tklhkl`ad. Mdy hos corgds hk gkhar kj prk`ao hadld (kj pulto holh holhkk hkfk hkfkrç rçdg dgos os hk po polk lkrr lu luks kstr troo st stop op)) hk ul traäleujo sagátra`o> 4. Gkh Gkhar ar jd ddjtu jturd rd hk jjdd fds fdskk (hk (hkshk shk kkjj pul pulto to D ddjj  pulto F) y proyk`tdr ksd hastdl`ad vkrta`dj d  pdrtar hkj pulto hk hk rupturd (kj pulto @). 6. Xrdzd Xrdzdrr uld jç jçlkd lkd ds ds`klhkl `klhkltk tk pdrd pdrdjkjd jkjd d jd jjçlkd çlkd hk hkjj traä traäleuj leujoo alckr alckraor. aor. XVAÄLE[JOP DP@KLHKLXKP Jd jçlkd hk tklhkl`ad supkraor ks  pjdld y jd jçlkd hk tklhkl`ad alckraor  ks ds`k ds`klh lhkl kltk tk,, ag agpj pja` a`dl dlho ho quk quk jos jos `ogprdhorks sol gäs derksavos quk jos vkl vklhkh hkhork orks, s, alh alha`d a`dlho lho klt kltol` ol`ks ks quk sk hkfkrçd hk kspkrdr uld rupturd dj`astd. Jd sdja sdjahd hd cu cukr krdd hkj hkj jçga jçgatk tk hkj traäleujo hkfkrçd hk kstdr d`ogpdôdhd hk ul cukrtk al`rkgklto hkj vojugkl. Kj ofnktavo pdrd kj prk`ao gçlago sk ofta oftakl klkk(hkshk gaha gahakl klho jd Ddjtu djturd hkj hkj traäleujo kj ho pulto djrdpulto F) y proyk`tdr ksd hastdl`ad vkrta`dj hkshk kj pulto @.

XVAÄLE[JOP HKP@KLHKLXKP Jos prk prk`ao `aoss rog rogpkr pkräl äl pro profdf fdfjkg jkgklt kltkk md`ad dfdno. Kl kstk tapo hk traäleujos, jd tklhkl`ad tklhk l`ad alckr alckraor aor ks mora morazolt zoltdj, dj, gaklt gakltrds rds quk jd supkraor ks hks`klhkltk, alha`dlho klto kl tol` l`ks ks quk quk jos jos vklh vklhkh khor orks ks so soll gä gäss derksavos quk jos `ogprdhorks.

 

Kj vojugkl taklhk d kl`oekrsk `olcorgk jos traäleujos vdl klvknk`aklho, pkro `udlho kj prk`ao rogpk jd fdsk hkj traäleujo, mdy ul coeoldzo hk vojugkl. Jd tá`la`d pdrd candr kj prk`ao gçlago ofnktavo ks proyk`tdr jd djturd hkj traäleujo (hkshk kj  pulto D dj pulto F) y proyk`tdr ksd hastdl`ad vkrta`dj md`ad dfdno hkshk kj pulto hk sdjahd (kj pulto @). XVAÄLE[JOP DXÇRA@OP K]RDLPASD XVAÄLE[JO COVGD@AÐL   , HASKVEKLXK  O GKEÄCOLO  P[RKVAOV 

Al Alha ha`d `d quk quk kj gk gkr` r`dh dhoo sk kstä kstä vojv vojvak aklh lhoo mastára`o y vojätaj. [l traäleujo havkrekltk gdtd uld tklhkl`ad dj`astd. Jds jçlkds hk tklhkl`ad havkrekl d hackrkl`ad hk jos otros traäleujos. Kj vojugkl taklhk d dugkltdr saeuaklho jds os`ajd`aolks hkj prk`ao gäs dgp gpjjads, rkprkskltdlho ul gkr`dho cukrd hk `oltroj.

HADGDLXKP @ogaklzd `ogo ul traäleujo havkrekltk y d`dfd `ogo ul traäleujo sagátra`o. Pu utajahdh pdrd kj trdhale  ks  ks gçlagd. FDLHKVDP O FDLHKVALKP Xaklhkl d rkprohu`arsk kl kj gasgo juedr  hk uld uld tkl tklhkl hkl`ad `ad kxa kxastk stklt ltkk y `og `ogpdr pdrtkl tkl kj gasgo vojugkl y `ratkrao hk gkhahd, dulquk su `olstru``aðl hacakrk ul po`o. Vkprkskltdl frkvks pdusds hk uld d``aðl `ol `ol uld uld d` d`ta tava vahd hdhh gu guyy ha halä läga ga`d `d.. Pu Pukj kjkl kl dpdrk`kr d gatdh hk `dgalo hk ul govagaklto hk tklhkl`ad [l rkquasato pdrd dgfos ks quk vkledl  prk`khahos hk ul govagaklto frus`o `dsa kl jçlkd rk`td. Vk Vkpr prks kskl kltd tdll sa satu tud` d`ao aolk lkss kl kj qu qukk ul d`kltudho dvdl`k o rktro`kso sk md sofrkpdsdho d sç gasgo y kj gkr`dho md`k uld pdusd pdrd ‚rk`upkrdr djaklto‗ dltks hk dvdlzdr  md`ad jd gasgd hark``aðl. Vdrd vkz gdr`d ul `dgfao hk tklhkl`ad. Otro rkquasato agportdltk ks quk kj vojugkl hkfk hk hasgaluar lotoradgkltk gakltrds sk corgd `dhd ulo hk kstos pdtrolks. Rdrd gkhar jd hastdl`ad quk rk`orrkrä kj prk`ao trds kstd caeurd, sk taklk quk togdr kl `ukltd kj govagaklto prk`khkltk y jukeo sk hupja`d.

 

@[ÔD  Lorgdjgkltk hurd gäs, pkro lo gäs hk trks gksks. Jo quk jd hastaleuk ks su lotorad al`jald`aðl, yd skd md`ad drrafd o md`ad dfdno, sakgprk d jd hark``aðl `oltrdrad d jd tklhkl`ad prkvdjk`akltk. Dsç, uld `uôd ds`klhkltk sk `olsahkrd fdnastd y uld `uôd hks`klhkltk sk `olsahkrd dj`astd.

V K@XÄLE[JOP K@XÄLE[JOP, ^OLD  HK ORKVD@AOLKP, EDGGD  ORKVDXASD  O JÇLKD

Vkprkskhurdltk ltdl ujdld`udjpdjos usdprk`aos kl sk jd tklhkl`ad gukvkll jdtkr gukvk jdtkrdjgkl djgkltk tk kltrk hos jçlk jçlkds ds morazo mor azoltd ltdjks jks pdr pdrdjk djkjds jds,, saklho saklho dsç ul  pkraoho hk `olsojahd`aðl kl jd tklhkl`ad kxastkltk, quk lorgdjgkltk sk rksukjvk kl jd gasgd hark``aðl hk jd tklhkl`ad hkj gkr`dho quk jk prk`khað. [l `akrrk hk`asavo cukrd hkj jçgatk supkraor o alckraor alha`d quk kj rk`täleujo sk md `ogpjktdho, alha`dlho jd hark``aðl hk jd tklhkl`ad. Dulquk sk trdtd hk uld caeurd hk `olsojahd`aðl, mdy quk `oltrdstdrjd `ol alha`dhorks hk dläjasas tá`la`o pdrd kstdr skeuro hk quk lo sk kstä corgdlho uld caeurd hk `dgfao. [ld tá`la`d usdhd hk `ogprd y vkltd ks `ogprdr `udlho mdy `dçhds `kr`d hk jd pdrtk alckraor y vklhaklho trds sufahds `kr`d hk jd pdrtk supkraor. Ksto rksujtd fkláca`o, puks pkrgatk dprovk`mdr jds croltkrds hkj prk`ao quk kstäl fakl hkcalahds, opkrd`aolks `ol rakseo. hkshk Jd gkhahd hkj prk`ao ofnktavo sk oftaklkrksujtdlho gahaklhodsç jd skr djturd hk jd zold hkpo`o opkrd`aolks drrafd md`ad dfdno, proyk`tdlho ha`md hastdl`ad vkrta`dj kl jd hark``aðl quk rogpd kj prk`ao. SKJDP @JDLHKPXA@I  Rukhkl skr lkerds o ronds kl `dso hk quk kj prk`ao mdyd fdndho y vkrhk o fjdl`d kl `dso hk quk kj prk`ao mdyd sufaho. KPXV[@X[VD HK JDP SKJDP 

@[KVRO  HK  JD  SKJD> pdrtk dl`md hk jd vkjd kl `uyos kxtrkgos kstäl jos prk`aos hk dpkrturd y hk `akrrk. Kl `ds `dso hk quk jd vkjd vkjd skd skd

 

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lkerd o rond, jd dpkrturd kstä drrafd hkj `akrrk (kj prk`ao md `dçho), saklho dj rkvás kl `dso hk quk skd vkrhk o fjdl`d. POGFVD> jçlkd vkrta`dj quk dtrdvaksd dj `ukrpo y kl `uyo kxtrkgo supkraor kstä kj prk`ao gäxago y kl kj alckraor kstä kj prk`ao gçlago.

XAROP HK SKJDP  LK[XVDP O DGFAE[DP Rukhkl skr alhastaltdgkltk dj`astds o fdnastds. Lo los propor`aoldl skôdjks `jdrds. SKJDP HK OLHD DJXD Corgdhds por ul pkqukôo `ukrpo lkero o fjdl`o y `ol sogfrds supkraor k alckraor guy jdreds. Rukhk dpdrk`kr tdlto kl pdrtks djtds o fdnds hk jd tklhkl`ad y saelaca`d quk mdy ul kgpdtk kltrk dj`astds y fdnastds. Mdy uld erdl alhk`asaðl sofrk jd tklhkl`ad quk vd d skeuar kj  prk`ao. Rdrd quk tkled skltaho, taklk quk dpdrk`kr dj caldj hk uld tklhkl`ad y vklar  d`ogpdôdhd hk otrd vkjd quk `olcargk hkcalatavdgkltk kj ala`ao hk uld lukvd ktdpd o earo kl jd tklhkl`ad prk`khkltk. RKOL^DP @olcorgdhds por ul pkqukôo `ukrpo fjdl`o o lkero `ol pkqukôds sogfrds. Alcorgdl quk kj gkr`dho kstä pkrhaklho cukrzd y hk jd hkfajahdh hk jd tklhkl`ad. Hkfkl hk skr vastds kl `olnulto `ol otrds vkjds o alha`dhorks. Kstds caeurds taklkl agportdl`ad kl pultos hk gäxagd tklhkl`ad, yd skd dj`astd o fdnastd. Pa kl kj trdls`urso hk uld tklhkl`ad dj`astd y hkspuás hk uld vkjd fjdl`d hk `akrtd `olsahkrd`aðl sk  prkskltd uld pkolzd, alha`d quk jos dj`astds prkskltdl gu`mds haca`ujtdhks pdrd `oltaludr  dvdlzdlho9 dj `oltrdrao, sa kl uld tklhkl`ad fdnastd dpdrk`akrd uld pkolzd, alha`d quk jos fdnastds  prkskltdl profjkgds kl su su dvdl`k. HONA Pk ahkltaca`d `udlho jd dpkrturd y kj `akrrk sol aeudjks o prä`ta`dgkltk aeudjks y sus sogfrds sol prä`ta`dgkltk aeudjks y lo sol jdreds. Alha`dl uld alhk`asaðl hk gkr`dho, saklho ul kquajafrao kltrk dj`astds y fdnastds. Pu dpdra`aðl kl ul gkr`dho jdtkrdj jdtkrdj,, lo taklk erdl trds trds`klhk `klhkl`ad, l`ad, pkro su dpdra dpdra`aðl `aðl kl ul gkr`dho hk tklhkl`ad prolul`adhd y kl su cdsk gdhurd, kltol`ks alha`d quk ástk sk kstä deotdlho.  Lo sk hkfk hk usdr ul hona `ogo skôdj pdrd opkrdr, mdy quk kspkrdr su `olcargd`aðl dj hçd saeuakltk `ol jd alcorgd`aðl hk jd pdutd `ogpjktd hk otrd vkjd, puks mdy o`dsaolks quk ul hona sk  prkskltd `ogo uld pdusd kl kj `dgalo pdrd skeuar jukeo `ol su `urso, ha`aálhosk kltol`ks quk ‚kj gkr`dho sk md rkcrks`dho‗. Pukjk d`tudr `ogo ul soportk kl uld tklhkl`ad fdnastd y `ogo uld rksastkl`ad kl uld tklhkl`ad dj`astd. HONA HK RAKVLDP JDVEDP Jd dpkrturd y kj `akrrk sol aeudjks y kj `ukrpo ks `dsa agpkr`kptafjk, pkro sus sogfrds sol jdreds y hk joleatuh skgkndltk. Rukhkl dpdrk`kr kl jd pdrtk djtd y kl jd pdrtk fdnd hk jds tklhkl`ads y saelaca`dl quk mdy ul kgpdtk kltrk dj`astds y fdnastds, pkro jos prk`aos `otazdl kl ul rdleo guy dgpjao, tdlto d jd  fdnd `ogo d jd djtd.

 

D pksdr hk toho, kj rksujtdho caldj lo ks hackrkltk hkj rksujtdho ala`adj, rkquaraklho uld `olcargd`aðl dj hçd saeuakltk hk otrd vkjd (dj`astd, `udlho jd tklhkl`ad prkvad ks fdnastd y fdnastd, `udlho jd tklhkl`ad prkvad ks dj`astd) pdrd dskeurdr quk md `ogklzdho uld lukvd tklhkl`ad. DJ@APXDP O F[JJAPM EVDL SKJD FJDL@D Caeurd dj`astd hk `olcargd`aðl. Rukhk por skr ahkltaca`dhd d quk dfrk `kr`d gdyor hkj gçlago `akrrd guy hkj gäxago, jo quk taklk hkfaho uld joleatuh hk `ukrpo quk jdy gdyorçd hk `kr`d jds vkjds  fjdl`ds mdfatudjks. mdfatudjks. Rdrd `olsahkrdr quk kstdgos trdtdlho hk uld erdl vkjd fjdl`d, hkfk hk skr dj gklos trks vk`ks supkraor d jd gkhad hk jds vkjds fjdl`ds mdfatudjks, saelaca`dlho kltol`ks quk jds cukrzds dj`astds mdl togdho kj `oltroj dfsojuto hk jd tklhkl`ad. @olcargdl jos soportks y d`tþdl `ogo tdjks, puhaklho fdndr kj prk`ao `ogo gäxago d jd gatdh hk jd vkjd, pdrd jukeo `oltaludr sufaklho. Pa rogpaksk djeuld rksastkl`ad agportdltk ks skôdj quk ksd roturd, d jd djzd, poskk uld erdl cadfajahdh, alha`dlho ul gogklto pkrck`to pdrd `ogprdr. JDVED POGFVD ALCKVAOV  Caeurd hk `dgfao dj`astd `olcorgdhd por ul pkqukôo `ukrpo fjdl`o o lkero `ol uld sogfrd alckraor kxtrkgdhd k alusudjgkltk jdred, saklho jd sogfrd supkraor guy  pkqukôd. Dpdrk`k lorgdjgkltk hkspuás hk uld tklhkl`ad fdnastd hkj gkr`dho y saelaca`d quk, hkspuás hk uld tklhkl`ad fdnastd, kj gkr`dho sk kstä prkpdrdlho pdrd otrd sksaðl sagajdr. saga jdr. Kl ul gogklto hdho, jds vkltds dpdrk`kl hk corgd gdsav gdsavdd y kj vdjo vdjorr sucrk uld uld `orr `orrk` k``a `aðl ðl al altr trdh dhçd çd,, jj jjkv kvdl dlho ho dj pr prk` k`ao ao d zold zoldss gu guyy fdnd fdndss quk quk sukj sukjkl kl `orr `orrks kspo polh lhkr krsk sk `ol `ol zold zoldss hk so sopo port rtkk hk er erdl dl sofr sofrkv kvkl kltd td o zold zoldss hk `olt `oltro rojj agportdltks. Jos `ogprdhorks vdl d `oltrddtd`dr, puks jds erdlhks sogfrds alckraorks corgdl soportks agportdltks kl tohd su kxtklsaðl. Rukhk su`khkr quk kj vdjor pklktrk altrdhçd por hkfdno hkj soportk y jds cukrzds dj`astds mdedl rktogdr jd zold hk soportk, `olcargdlho jd vdjahkz hk jd caeurd. HONA JAFÁJ[JD Rdtrðl hk `dgfao dj`astd. Pk ahkltaca`d dj corgdrsk ul hona `ol uld sogfrd alckraor kxtrkgdhdgkltk jdred y `ol laleuld o `ol uld ks`dsd sogfrd supkraor. Dpdrk`k sakgprk hkspuás hk uld tklhkl`ad cukrtk fdnastd hk gkr`dho y saelaca`d quk ksk hçd mdy uld erdl vkltd por pdrtk hk jds cukrzds fdnastds dj dfrar kj gkr`dho,  pkro dltks hk tkrgaldr ksd sksaðl, kj gkr`dho `akrrd dj gasgo prk`ao hk jd dpkrturd, hdlho d kltklhkr ul hkfajatdgaklto hk jd cukrzd fdnastd prk`khkltk. Md hk prohu`arsk kl ul soportk pdrd tklkr gdyor cadfajahdh y jd `olcargd`aðl ks quk jk saed uld vkjd fjdl`d. GDVXAJJO Caeurd hk `dgfao dj`astd `ol cadfajahdh gohkrdhd o fdnd. Dpdrk`k trds uld tklhkl`ad fdnastd. Pk corgd `ol ul `ukrpo pkqukôo, pkro `ol uld sogfrd alckraor quk ks gçlago hos vk`ks kj tdgdôo hkj `ukrpo y `ol uld pkqukôd o laleuld sogfrd supkraor. Pu logfrk hkravd hkj eojpk `oltaluo `oltrd jd supkrca`ak hkj soportk, quk ks al`dpdz hk rogpkr.

 

Paelaca`d ul hkfajatdgaklto hkj skltagaklto fdnastd y md hk prohu`arsk kl ul soportk o kl ul gkr`dho sofrkvklhaho. Alha`d uld oportulahdh pkrck`td hk `ogprd. GDVXAJJO ALSKVXAHO Caeurd hk `dgfao dj`astd quk dpdrk`k dj caldj hk uld tklhkl`ad fdnastd o hkltro ul pujfde hkltro hk uld skrä tklhkl`ad Jd sogfrd supkraor `ogodj`astd. gçlago hos vk`ks kj tdgdôo hkj `ukrpo y lo tklhrä ldhd o `dsa ldhd hk sogfrd alckraor. @udlto gäs djto dfrd kj gkr`dho por kl`agd hkj `ukrpo rkdj hkj gdrtajjo alvkrtaho, gäs profdfajahdhks mdy hk quk jos fdnastds `akrrkl posa`aolks y ksto agpujsd gäs d jos prk`aos. Vkquakrk hk uld `olcargd`aðl dj hçd saeuakltk, `ol jd dpkrturd por kl`agd hkj `ukrpo hk jd vkjd o `ol uld vkjd fjdl`d.

JDVED SKJD FJDL@D Xaklk `ol cadfajahdh fdnd. hk Fojsd. Vkcjkndagpja`d`aolks sagpjkgkltk dj`astds kj trdls`urrar hk uld sksaðl Pk lk`ksatd hk jds vkjds quk jk prk`khkl y su`khkl pdrd togdr uld hk`asaðl.

SKJD FJDL@D GDV[FO^[ Skjd hk `olcargd`aðl dj`astd hk cadfajahdh fdnd. Kj hçd `akrrd kl kj gäxago hkj hçd y por tdlto lo taklk sogfrd supkraor, la taklk sogfrd alckraor puks kj prk`ao lo fdnd hkj lavkj hk dpkrturd. Vkcjknd sagpjkgkltk kj trdls`urrar hk uld sksaðl hk Fojsd.

SKJD FJDL@D @KVVDHD GDV[FO^[ Kl kstd vkjd mdy uld sogfrd alckraor gçlagd, ks hk`ar, kj prk`ao md fdndho ul  po`o hkj lavkj hk dpkrturd dpkrturd y jukeo md sufaho pd pdrd rd `krrdr `ol kj gäxago hkj hçd. Jds cukrzds dj`astds `oltrojdl kj prk`ao hkshk `dsa kj ala`ao mdstd kj caldj hk jd sksaðl. Ror sç sojd lo los hd gu`md alcorgd`aðl.

 

SKJD FJDL@D DFAKVXD GDV[FO^[ Kstd vkjd taklk uld sogfrd supkraor gçlagd y lo taklk sogfrd alckraor. Ksto los alha`d quk kj prk`ao md sufaho hkshk kj pral`apao, pkro dltks hk `krrdr md fdndho ul  po`o gäxa go hkjalcorgd`aðl hçd. Rorpor sç hkfdno sojd lohkj losgäxago hd gu`md pdrd md`kr prkvasaolks d`kr`d hkj cuturo hk jos prk`aos.

DROQO @KÔAHO DJ@APXD Pk hd `udlho kj gkr`dho dfrk `ol ul cukrtk edp d jd fdnd, pkro jos prk`aos sufkl hurdltk kj hçd y `akrrd `kr`d hkj gäxago hadrao. Pk prkskltd trds uld jdred tklhkl`ad  fdnastd. @udlto gäs jdreo skd kj `ukrpo rkdj hk jd vkjd, gäs rksastkl`ad kstäl hdlho jds cukrzds dj`astds d jds fdnastds, jds `udjks prkhogaldl kl kj gkr`dho.  Lk`ksatd uld `olcargd`aðl dj hçd saeuakltk, yd skd `ogo uld vkjd fjdl`d o `ogo ul `akrrk gäs djto.

RD[XD RKLKXVDLXK Caeurd dj`astd hk `dgfao `ol uld cadfajahdh fdnd. Hkfk hk mdfkr lk`ksdradgkltk uld tklhkl`ad fdnastd prkvad. Jd pragkrd vkjd md hk skr uld vkjd lkerd erdlhk y, dj hçd saeuakltk, sk md hk dfrar por hkfdno hk jos gçlagos hk jd vkjd lkerd, pkro jd vkjd fjdl`d hkj skeulho hçd md hk `krrdr `ogo gçlago por kl`agd hk jd gatdh hkj `ukrpo hk jd vkjd lkerd dltkraor. Pael Paelac aca` a`dd quk quk jo joss dj`a dj`ast stds ds kstä kställ drra drral` l`ol oldh dhos os,, pkro pkro kl ul go gogkl gklto to hk oportulahdh, `oekl cukrzd y `oltrddtd`dl d jos fdnastds, agpolaálhosk sofrk kjjos, dpoydlho kltol`ks ul `dgfao `ol rkspk`to d jd tklhkl`ad dltkraor. @udlto gäs dfdno dfrd jd vkjd fjdl`d y `udlto gäs sk dhkltrk sofrk jd vkjd lkerd, gäs vdjahkz tklhrä kj `dgfao hk tklhkl`ad.

JÇLKDP KLXVK@OVXDHDP DJ@APXDP Caeurd hk `dgfao dj`astd hk fdnd cadfajahdh. Hkfk hk mdfkr uld tklhkl`ad fdnastd prkvad. Jd pragkrd vkjd hkfk hk skr uld vkjd lkerd erdlhk y dj hçd saeuakltk, md hk dfrar   por hkfdno hk jos gçlagos hk jd vkjd lkerd. Jd vkjd fjdl`d hkj hçd saeuakltk `akrrd `kr`d o aeudj quk kj `ukrpo rkdj lkero hkj hçd dltkraor. Pk md hk kspkrdr `olcargd`aðl dj hçd saeuakltk pdrd togdr posa`aolks.

 

RD[XD KLSOJSKLXK DJ@APXD Skjd dj`astd hk `dgfao `ol uld djtd cadfajahdh. Dpdrk`k sakgprk hkspuás hk uld tklhkl`ad fdnastd fakl hkcalahd. Pk corgd `ol ul `ukrpo rkdj lkero pkqukôo y otrd vkjd `ol ul `ukrpo rkdj fjdl`o quk `ufrk kl su totdjahdh dj `ukrpo lkero hkj hçd dltkraor y, `udlto gdyor skd jd vkjd fjdl`d y gklor jd lkerd, gäs kck`tavd skrä jd sufahd. Paelaca`d quk jds cukrzds fdnastds vdl pkrhaklho su çgpktu. su `olcargd`aðl, ks lk`ksdrao quk jd vkjd saeuakltk `akrrk por kl`agd hk jd vkjdRdrd fjdl`d. XVKP SKJDP K]XKVAOVKP DJ@APXDP Caeurd quk pukhk d`tudr `ogo hk `olcargd`aðl `ogo hk `dgfao. Ks dj`astd y taklk uld cadfajahdh guy djtd. Pk hd `udlho kxastk uld tklhkl`ad prkvad fdnastd y `ogaklzd `ogo uld caeurd klvojvkltk dj`astd hurdltk kj pragkr y skeulho hçd, pkro kl kj tkr`kr hçd dpdrk`k ul lukvo gäxago dj `akrrk por kl`agd hkj skeulho hçd. Ks jd `olcargd`aðl hk jd pdutd klvojvkltk dj`astd.

MDVDGA DJ@APXD Caeu Caeurd rd hk `d `dgf gfao ao dj dj`a `ast stdd `ol `ol cadf cadfaj ajah ahdh dh fdnd fdnd.. Ks jo `olt `oltrd rdra raoo d jd pdut pdutdd klvojvkltk dj`astd. Pu corgd`aðl `ogaklzd `ol uld vkjd jdred lkerd, skeuahd por uld vkjd fjdl`d dj hçd saeuakltk `uyo `ukrpo lo jjked d `ufrar jd vkjd lkerd. Paelaca`d quk hkspuás hk uld `dçhd, jos prk`aos sk gukstrkl rk`kjosos hk skeuar  su dvdl`k. Jos mdrdga quk gäs kck`tos taklkl sol dqukjjos `uyds skeulhds vkjds taklkl ul `ukrpo lkero, quk sus sogfrds lo sol erdlhks y quk toho kjjo kstä hkltro hk jd vkjd lkerd y md`ad jd gatdh hk ástd. @V[^ HK MDVDGA DJ@APXD Caeurd hk `dgfao dj`astd. Kj pragkr hçd sk corgd uld vkjd lkerd jdred y, dj hçd saeuakltk, sk corgd ul hona hkltro hk jd vkjd dltkraor. Jd tklhkl`ad prkvad md hk skr fdnastd. Paelaca`d alhk`asaðl kl jd tklhkl`ad. Xaklkl gu`mos gäs kck`tos quk jos mdrdga trdha`aoldjks. Pa hkspuás hk prohu`arsk kstd caeurd, dj hçd saeuakltk sk `akrrd por kl`agd hkj `akrrk hkj hona, jo gäs profdfjk ks quk sk los kstá alha`dlho jd vdjahkz hkj `dgfao.

XVKP RD[XDP ALXKVAOVKP DJ@APXDP Caeurd hk `dgfao dj`astd hk djtd cadfajahdh.

 

Jd tklhkl`ad prkvad md hk skr fdnastd y sk corgd `ol uld pdutd hk Mdrdga dj`astd kl jos hos  pragkros hçds, `oltaludlho `ol uld vkjd fjdl`d dj tkr`kr hçd `ol ul `akrrk gäs djto quk jd skeulhd sksaðl. Ks jd `olcargd`aðl hkj Mdrdga dj`astd.

FDNAPXDP O FKDVAPM LKEVD EVDL SKJD  LKEVD Dfrk `kr`d hkj gäxago y `akrrd `kr`d hkj gçlago, poskyklho uld joleatuh hk `ukrpo gdyor quk jd gdyorçd hk jds vkjds lkerds mdfatudjks. Rdrd quk uld erdl vkjd lkerd skd `olsahkrdhd `ogo tdj, hkfk hk skr dj gklos trks vk`ks supkraor d jd gkhad hk jds vkjds lkerds mdfatudjks. Alha`dl quk jds cukrzds fdnastds mdl togdho kj `oltroj dfsojuto hk jd tklhkl`ad. @olcargdl jds rksastkl`ads y sk `olvakrtkl kl ástds, puhaklho jukeo sufar kj prk`ao `ogo gäxago d jd gatdh hk su `ukrpo. Kl `dso hk quk jd erdl vkjd lkerd rogpaksk ul soportk agportdltk, jd tklhkl`ad  fdnastd tklhrçd uld erdl cadfajahdh, saklho kltol`ks uld skôdj hk ul fukl gogklto pdrd vklhkr kl `orto. DVED POGFVD P[RKVAOV 

J  hk `dgfao   fdnastd corgdhd hk ul pkqukôo `ukrpo fjdl`o o lkero `ol uld Caeurd sogfrd supkraor gu`mo gäs jdred quk jds mdfatudjks y `ol uld sogfrd alckraor guy  pkqukôd. Dpdrk`k hkspuás hk uld tklhkl`ad dj`astd hk gkr`dho, saelaca`dho quk hkspuás hk kstd tklhkl`ad, kj hçd sk prkpdrd pdrd tklkr otrd sksaðl sagajdr, pkro quk kl ul gogklto hdho jds `ogprds dpdrk`kl hk corgd gdsavd, md`aklho quk kj vdjor sucrd ul `jçgdx `ogprdhor altrdhçd, quk jjkvd dj vdjor d zolds quk sukjkl `orrkspolhkrsk `ol zolds hk rksastkl`ad o hk erdl sofrk`ogprd. Ks kltol`ks quk jds cukrzds fdnastds `oltrddtd`dl, vklhaklho `ol cukrzd y `ol gu`md derksavahdh, polaklho jos prk`aos `kr`d hkj `akrrk. Jds erdlhks sogfrds supkraorks corgdl rksastkl`ad kl tohd su joleatuh. Rdrd quk kstd caeurd tkled gäs cadfajahdh hkfk hk tklkr uld tklhkl`ad prkvad dj`astd, hkfk hk prohu`arsk kl uld rksastkl`ad y kj vojugkl md hk skr `akrtd `olsahkrd`aðl. JÄRAHD HONA Caeurd hk `dgfao fdnastd hk cadfajahdh gohkrdhd. Dpdrk`k sakgprk kl uld tklhkl`ad dj`astd y trds uld vkjd fjdl`d. Dfrk `ol ul edp y taklk ul `akrrk dj gasgo lavkj quk jd dpkrturd y poskk uld erdl sogfrd supkraor. Alha`d quk mufo ul al`rkgklto kl jos prk`aos trds uld ktdpd dj`astd quk yd lo pukhk sostklkrsk y tkrgaldl `dyklho d jos pultos gäs fdnos hkj hçd, alha`dlho quk jos  fdnastds mdl gukrto kl jd hkcklsd hkcklsd hk su tkrratorao tkrratorao.. Jd `olcargd`aðl hk jd jäpahd hona vaklk dj hçd saeuakltk `ol jd dpkrturd por hkfdno hkj hona. Kltrk gäs dfdno dfrd, gäs fdnastd skrä. Pk sukjk hdr kl uld zold hk rksastkl`ad y lo pukhk sofrkpdsdrjd. Jd rk`ogklhd`aðl ks quk, sa `ogprdgos gotavdhos por jos dj`astds d quk sk rogpd ksd rksastkl`ad, kltol`ks dj hçd saeuakltk y `ol jd caeurd dhkjdltk, sk `akrrk jd posa`aðl. KPXVKJJD C[ED^

 

Caeurd hk `dgfao fdnastd `ol cadfajahdh fdnd o gohkrdhd. Dpdrk`k hkspuás hk uld tklhkl`ad dj`astd `ol ul edp y `ol laleuld o `dsa laleuld sogfrd alckraor, pkro `ol uld sogfrd supkraor quk ks gçlago trks vk`ks kj `ukrpo hk jd vkjd. Jd `olcargd`aðl jjked dj hçd saeuakltk, `udlho jd dpkrturd cukrd por hkfdno hkj `ukrpo rkdj hk jd vkjd. Jðea`dgkltk, su `akrrk skrä tdgfaál por hkfdno hk ástd. Pk sukjk hdr `udlho jd tklhkl`ad dj`astd prkvad md jjkedho d uld zold hk rksastkl`ad y lo pukhk sofrkpdsdrjd. Mdy quk tklkr `uahdho, porquk kj quk sk dfrd `ol ul edp dj`astd, lo agpja`d quk vdyd d sufar. MOGFVK @OJEDHO Caeurd hk `dgfao fdnastd `ol `olcadfajahdh gohkrdhd. Pk corgd hk ul pkqukôo `ukrpo fjdl`o o lkero `ol uld sogfrd alckraor quk ks `ogo gçlago hos vk`ks kj tdgdôo hkj `ukrpo y `ol ldhd o `dsa ldhd hk sogfrd supkraor. Dpdrk`k sakgprk kl uld tklhkl`ad dj`astd y saelaca`d quk jos prk`aos mdl `dçho `ol cukrzd pdrd jukeo vojvkr gäs o gklos dj pulto hk dpkrturd. Jds cukrzds dj`astds kstäl vaekltks `ol `akrtd crdeajahdh, puks lo pukhkl md`kr  lukvos gäxagos por kl`agd hkj hçd dltkraor. Rdrd `olcargdrjd, sk lk`ksatd quk dj hçd saeuakltk kj gkr`dho dfrd por hkfdno hkj `ukrpo hkj mogfrk `ojedho y quk `akrrk dþl gäs dfdno. Pa jd vkjd hkj hçd saeuakltk `akrrd por kl`agd hkj `ukrpo hkj mogfrk `ojedho, jd caeurd lo ks väjahd.

JDVED SKJD  LKEVD LKEVD Skjd hk `olcargd`aðl quk taklk agpja`d`aolks fdnastds `ol cadfajahdh fdnd. Vkcjknd kj trdls`urrar fdnastd hk uld sksaðl hk Fojsd. Pk lk`ksatd hk jds vkjds quk jk prk`khkl y su`khkl pdrd togdr uld hk`asaðl.

SKJD  LKEVD LKEVD GDV[FO^[ Skjd hk `olcargd`aðl fdnastd `ol cadfajahdh fdnd. Hkfk hk skr tklahd kl `ukltd nulto `ol otrds vkjds. Kj hçd `akrrd kl kj gçlago dj`dlzdho y kj vdjor lo sufk por kl`agd hkj prk`ao hkj `akrrk, por kso lo taklk la sogfrd supkraor la sogfrd alckraor. Vkcjknd sagpjkgkltk kj trdls`urrar hk uld sksaðl hk Fojsd y lo los hd uld alha`d`aðl por sç sojd.

SKJD  LKEVD LKEVD @KVVDHD GDV[FO^[

 

Dj dfrar kj gkr`dho, kj prk`ao sufk y gdr`d kj gäxago hadrao por kl`agd hk jd dpkrturd, pkro jukeo `dk y `akrr `akrrdd kl kj gçlago hkj hçd, por jo quk taklk uld pkqu pkqukôd kôd sogfrd supkr supkraor aor y lo taklk sogfrd alckraor. Kstd vkjd lo los ha`k ldhd por kjjd sojd.

SKJD  LKEVD LKEVD DFAKVXD GDV[FO^[ Kj prk`ao md fdndho gu`mo dj dfrar jd sksaðl, pkro dltks hkj `akrrk sk md rk`upkrdho.  Lo sk pukhk vkr hk corgd alhavahudj. alhavahudj.

DROQO @KÔAHO FDNAPXD Pk prkskltd `udlho mdy uld jdred tklhkl`ad dj`astd kl kj gkr`dho. Ksk hçd, kj gkr`dho dfrk `ol ul hadrao. cukrtk edp d jd djzd, pkro jukeo jos prk`aos fdndl hurdltk kj hçd y `akrrdl `kr`d hkj gçlago Kj mk`mo hk quk lo poskk uld sogfrd supkraor y poskk uld po`d alckraor, saelaca`d quk jds cukrzds cukrzds fdn fdnas astds tds `olt `oltrddt rddtd`d d`dll y klt kltrk rk gäs jdre jdreoo skd kj `uk `ukrpo rpo,, gäs cukrt cukrtkk ks kj `oltrdtdquk.  Lk`ksatd hk uld `olcargd`aðl d jd fdnd pdrd kj hçd saeuakltk pdrd pjdltkdrlos uld  posafjk corgd`aðl hk ul ul `dgfao kl jd tklhkl`ad. @[FAKVXD HK JD  L[FK L[FK OP@[VD Caeurd fdnastd hk `dgfao `ol cadfajahdh djtd. Xaklk quk mdfkr uld tklhkl`ad prkvad dj`astd. Jd pragkrd vkjd hkfk hk skr uld vkjd fjdl`d erdlhk y dj hçd saeuakltk, kj vdjor  hkfk hk dfrar por kl`agd hk jos gäxagos hk jd vkjd fjdl`d. Jd vkjd lkerd hkj skeulho hçd md hk `krrdr `ogo gçlago por hkfdno hk jd gatdh hkj `ukrpo rkdj hk jd vkjd fjdl`d. Pa Pael elac aca` a`dd qu qukk jo joss fd fdna nast stds ds ks kstä täll dr drra ral` l`ol oldh dhos os,, pkro pkro kl ul go gogkl gklto to hk oportulahdh, `oekl cukrzd y `oltrddtd`dl y sk md`kl hkj `oltroj hkj gkr`dho, dpoydhos por djeuld rksastkl`ad `kr`dld. @udlto gäs djto dfrd jd vkjd lkerd y `udlto gäs sk dhkltrk sofrk jd vkjd fjdl`d, gäs vdjahkz tklhrä kj `dgfao hk tklhkl`ad. JÇLKDP KLXVK@OVXDHDP FDNAPXDP Caeurd hk `dgfao fdnastd hk fdnd cadfajahdh. Hkfk hk mdfkr uld tklhkl`ad dj`astd prkvad. Jd pragkrd vkjd hkfk hk skr uld vkjd fjdl`d erdlhk y dj hçd saeuakltk, md hk dfrar por kl`agd hk jos gäxagos hk jd vkjd fjdl`d. Jd vkjd lkerd hkj hçd saeuakltk `akrrd `kr`d o aeudj quk jd djturd hkj `ukrpo rkdj fjdl`o hkj hçd dltkraor. Paelaca`d quk jos fdnastds kstäl drral`oldhos por jos dj`astds, pkro quk `oekl cukrzd.

 

Pk md hk kspkrdr d jd corgd`aðl quk su`khk dj hçd saeuakltk pdrd togdr posa`aolks

RD[XD KLSOJSKLXK FDNAPXD Caeurd fdnastd hk `dgfao `ol uld djtd cadfajahdh. Dpdrk`k sakgprk hkspuás hk uld tklhkl`ad dj`astd fakl hkcalahd. corgd ul `ukrpodjrkdj fjdl`o pkqukôo y otrd vkjd `ol ul `ukrpo rkdj skd lkero qukPk`ufrk kl`ol su totdjahdh `ukrpo fjdl`o hkj hçd dltkraor y, `udlto gdyor jd vkjd lkerd y gklor jd fjdl`d, gäs kck`tavd skrä jd caeurd. Rdrd su `olcargd`aðl, ks lk`ksdrao quk dj hçd saeuakltk kj `akrrk skd por hkfdno hk jd vkjd lkerd.

XVKP SKJDP K]XKVAOVKP FDNAPXDP Caeurd fdnastd `ol uld djtd cadfajahdh. Nuked `ol uld pdutd klvojvkltk fdnastd y `oltalþd `ol uld vkjd lkerd quk `akrrd  por hkfdno hk jd vkjd hkj hçd hçd dltkraor. Ks jd `olcargd`aðl hk jd pdutd klvojvkltk fdnastd.

MDVDGA FDNAPXD Caeurd hk `dgfao fdnastd hk fdnd cadfajahdh. Ks jo `oltrdrao d jd pdutd klvojvkltk  fdnastd y hkj mdrdga dj`astd. dj`astd. Paelaca`d quk jos dj`astds taklkl haca`ujtdhks pdrd dvdlzdr. Jos mdrdga quk gäs kck`tos taklk sol dqukjjos `uyd skeulhd vkjd taklk ul `ukrpo y uld sogfrd gäs pkqukôd y toho kjjo kstä hkltro hk jd pragkrd vkjd y md`ad jd gatdh hk ástd.

@V[^ HK MDVDGA FDNAPXD Caeurd hk `dgfao fdnastd hk cadfajahdh gohkrdhd. Kj pragkr hçd sk corgd uld vkjd fjdl`d jdred y, dj hçd saeuakltk, sk corgd ul hona hkltro hk jd vkjd dltkraor. Jd tklhkl`ad prkvad md hk skr dj`astd. Paelaca`d alhk`asaðl kl jd tklhkl`ad y lk`ksatd jd `olcargd`aðl dj hçd saeuakltk.

XVKP RD[XDP ALXKVAOVKP FDNAPXDP Caeurd hk `dgfao fdnastd hk djtd cadfajahdh.

 

Jd tklhkl`ad prkvad md hk skr dj`astd y sk corgd `ol uld pdutd hk Mdrdgad fdnastd kl jos hos  pragkros hos hçds, `oltaludlho `oltaludlho `ol uld vkj vkjdd lkerd quk `akrrd gäs dfdno quk jd skeulhd skeulhd sksaðl. Ks jd `olcargd`aðl hkj mdrdga fdnastd.

@OLPAHKVD@AOLKP 4. Pak Pakgpr gprkk mdy quk gar gardr dr kj `ol `oltkx tkxto, to, puk pukss jds vkjds mdy quk gard gardrjd rjdss kl derup derupd`a d`aolk olkss guy dgpjads. 6. Jd `olc `olcargd`a argd`aðl ðl ks alhas alhaspkls pklsdfjk, dfjk, lo sðj sðjoo hk vkjds post postkrao kraorks, rks, salo hk al alha`dh ha`dhorks orks.. 0. [l [ldd vkjd por sç soj sojdd lo hd alcor alcorgd` gd`aðl aðl `og `ogpj pjktd ktd,, yd quk mdy quk gard gardrr erup erupos os hk vkjd vkjdss y trdtdr hk kl`oltrdr kj skltaho hk jd ju`md kltrk dj`astds y fdnastds. 8. Jos gk gkllsdnk sdnkss sk hdl hdl `udl dlhho sk `ogp `ogpjk jktd td jd ca caeeurd, urd, `udl `udlhho jd vkjd vkjd md `krr `krrdh dhoo `ogpjktdgkltk. ;. Kj dlä dläjasa jasass hk jds vkj vkjds ds ndpo ndpolksd lksdss md hk `ogf `ogfaldrs aldrskk dj gklos ``ol ol kj dläj dläjasas asas hk ssopor oportk tk y hk rksast rks astkl` kl`ad, ad, dul dulquk quk jo ahk ahkdj dj ks tog togdr dr tdg tdgfaá faáll kl `uk `uklt ltdd jds cae caeurd urdss o`` o``ahk ahkltd ltdjks jks y jd alcorgd`aðl hk jos alha`dhorks. A LHA@DHOVKP F[VPÄXAJKP  Jos alha`dhorks sk `oltrdha`kl crk`ukltkgkltk kltrk kjjos. Hkpklhaklho hkj alha`dhor quk ks`ondgos, ks sa sk trdfdndrd gknor `ol tklhkl`ad so `ol gkr`dhos jdtkrdjks. XAROP HK ALHA@DHOVKP 4. A LHA@DHOVKP HK PKE[AGAKLXO HK  L[KSDP L[KSDP XKLHKL@ADP (@OAL@AHKLXKP O VKXDVHDHOP) Cul`aoldl fakl `udlho jos gkr`dhos sk gukvkl, pkro hdl skôdjks gdjds y pkjaerosds `udlho jos gkr`dhos kstäl pjdlos. Pk alvakrtkl hkspuás hk quk jo mded jd tklhkl`ad. 6. OP@AJDHOVKP (DLXA@ARDHOVKP) @dpturdl jos pultos hk alvkrsaðl kl jos gkr`dhos pjdlos pkro hdl skôdjks gdjds y  prkgdturds `udlho jos gkr`dhos ala`adl uld lukvd tklhkl`ad. Pk alvakrtkl dltks hk quk jo mdedl jos prk`aos. 0. A LHA@DHOVKP HASKVPOP Rropor Rro por`ao `aoldl ldl pk pkr`k r`kp`a p`aolk olkss ksp kspk`a k`adjk djkss sof sofrk rk jd psa`o psa`ojoe joeçd çd hk jds gds gdsds. ds. Ruk Rukhkl hkl skr  dlta`apdhorks o `oal`ahkltks. Ks rk`ogklhdfjk `ogfaldr vdraos alha`dhorks hk `dhd ulo hk jos trks erupos. A LHA@DHOVKP HK PKE[AGAKLXO HK XKLHKL@ADP GKHADP GÐSAJKP Gukstrd kj vdjor gkhao hk jos hdtos `ogprklhahos kl su vkltd tkgpordj. Ror knkgpjo, uld gkhad gðvaj hk vkaltk hçds, gukstrd jd gkhad hk jos þjtagos vkaltk hçds. @udlho sk `olk`td jd jçlkd hk `dhd hçd, sk `rkd jd jçlkd hk gkhad gðvaj. Kxastkl trks tapos hk gkhads gðvajks> 4. Pag Pagpjk pjk.. Ks jd gäs usd usdhd, hd, dul dulqu qukk taklk ul hkck hkck`to `to,, puk pukss `dgfa `dgfadl dl hos vk` vk`ks ks kl rkspu rkspuks kstd td d `dhd prk`ao, uld `udlho ul lukvo prk`ao ks dôdhaho d jd gkhad gðvaj y otrd `dlho ul prk`ao vakno sdjk hk jd gasgd. 6. Kxpo Kxpolkl` lkl`adj. adj. Hdl gäs ppkso kso d jos hdto hdtoss rk`akl rk`akltks tks y rkspo rkspolhkl lhkl d jos `d `dgfaos gfaos.. Pk `dj`ujd hk jd saeuakltk gdlkrd>  Gkhad gðvaj kxpolkl`adj7 ¿

 

0. Rksdhd.  Los pkrgatk dsaeldrjk `udjquakr pkso d `udjquakr hçd, skeþl jo quk `olsahkrkgos gäs agportdltk. Jo gäs agportdltk dj dldjazdr uld gkhad gðvaj ks ofskrvdr jd hark``aðl hk su pklhakltk. Jds gkhads gðvajks tdgfaál sarvkl `ogo zolds hk soportk o hk rksastkl`ad. Kj alvkrsor Ptdl Ukalstkal kstdfjk`k rk`ogaklhd ‚lo vklhkr lul`d `ol ul vdjor `uyo prk`ao sk kl`ukltrk por kl`agd hk su gkhad gðvaj hk 02 skgdlds, la `ogprdr `ol ul vdjor quk sk kl`ukltrk  por hkfdno.‗ Ror52suy pdrtk, kj saklho trdhkr kltol`ks Noskc Dnrdg kstdfjk`k quk ks `olvklakltk ‚utajazdr gðvajks hk 622, 3 hçds‗, ul vdjor dj`astd dqukj quk `otazd por kl`agdgkhads hk jd gkhad gðvaj hk skas sksaolks, quk kstdrçd por kl`agd hk jd hk 52 y jd hk 622. Dquç sk pohrçd `ogprdr, pkro lo vklhkr. Ror otro jdho, pdrd vklhkr kj vdjor hkfkrçd hk kstdr por hkfdno hk jd gkhad gðvaj hk skas sksaolks y ástd por hkfdno hk jd hk 52 y hk 622. Dhkgäs, ‚jos `ru`ks hk kstds gkhads skrçdl skôdjks pdrd kltrdr `ol posa`aolks hk `ogprd o hk vkltd‗. GD@H Pol trks gkhads gðvajks kxpolkl`adjks quk dpdrk`kl kl jos eräca`os `ogo hos jçlkds. Pus `ru`ks hdl skôdjks hk trdhale. Jd jçlkd `oltalud sk md`k `ol hos gkhads gðvajks kxpolkl`adjks y rkspolhk d `dgfaos hk prk`aos hk corgd rkjdtavdgkltk räpahd9 jd jçlkd hk deuaolks sk jjdgd jçlkdgäs hk jklto. skôdj y rkspolhk jos `dgfaos hk prk`ao Jds skôdjks hk `ogprd y vkltd sk hdl `udlho jd jçlkd räpahd `ruzd md`ad drrafd o md`a d`ad dfd dfdno jd jçlkd çlkd jklt kltd. Jos Jos `r `ru` u`ks ks ahklta ahk ltaca` ca`dl dl jos jos `dg `dgfao faoss kl jds gdr gdrkds kds hkj gkr`dho. Opkrdr kl jd hark``aðl hk ul `ru`k saelaca`d ar kl jd hark``aðl hkj skltaho hkj cjuno hk gkr`dho. Kj mastoerdgd hkj GD@H sol uld skrak hk fdrrd vkrta`djks. Pa jd jçlkd räpahd kstä por kl`agd hk jd jçlkd jkltd, kltol`ks kj mastoerdgd ks posatavo y sk trdzd por kl`agd hk jd jçlkd hk `kro9 sa jd jçlkd räpahd kstä por hkfdno hk jd jçlkd jkltd, kltol`ks kj mastoerdgd ks lkedtavo y sk trdzd por hkfdno hk `kro. @udlho jds hos jçlkds sk `ruzdl, kltol`ks kj mastoerdgd ks `kro. Kltrk gäs sk al`rkgkltk jd skpdrd`aðl kj GD@H y su skôdj, kj mastoerdgd sk md`k gäs djto o gäs proculho. Kstk mastoerdgd vasaðl gäs proculhd hkjsakquajafrao hk sk pohkr jos dj`astds y joso  fdnastds. Los gukstrdocrk`k quaáluld poskk kj `oltroj y los ha`k ksk `oltroj kstä kltrk md`aklho gäs cukrtk gäs háfaj. Jd pklhakltk hkj mastoerdgd ahkltaca`d kj erupo hogaldltk kl kj gkr`dho y jd tklhkl`ad> ul mastoerdgd `rk`akltk gukstrd quk jos `ogprdhorks sk kstäl md`aklho gäs cukrtks y ul mastoerdgd hk`rk`akltk gukstrd quk sol jos vklhkhorks jos quk sk kstäl md`aklho gäs cukrtks. Jd tklhkl`ad hkj mastoerdgd ks gäs agportdltk quk jd posa`aðl kl jd `udj sk kl`ukltrd ufa`dho kj mastoerdgd (por  kl`agd o por hkfdno hk jd jçlkd hk `kro), puks jds gknorks skôdjks hk vkltd sk hdl `udlho kj mastoerdgd sk kl`ukltrd por kl`agd hk jd jçlkd hkj `kro, pkro su pklhakltk `ogaklzd d md`krsk hk`rk`akltk. PAPXKGD HAVK@@AOLDJ Gátoho Gát oho hk ske skeuag uagakl aklto to hk tkl tklhkl hkl`ad `ad quk guks gu kstr trdd `udl `udlho ho ul uldd tklh tklhkl kl`a `add sk gu gukv kvkk jo suca`akltkgkltk räpaho `ogo pdrd quk vdjed jd

 

 pkld skeuarjd. Ks þla`o pdrd dvasdrlos `uälho rksujtd profdfjk quk uld lukvd tklhkl`ad kstá `ogklzdlho. Pk hkcalk `ogo jd por`aðl hkj rdleo hadrao quk kstä cukrd hkj rdleo hkj hçd dltkraor. @dj`ujd jd pdrtk hkj rdleo quk kx`khk y progkhad jos hdtos sofrk ul pkraoho hdho.  Los dyuhd d `olskeuar `olskeuar tdndhds hk fklkca`ao nusto nusto kl gkhao hk tklhkl tklhkl`ads `ads agportdltks. OP@AJDHOVKP O DLXA@ARDXOVAOP Pk md hk skr guy `uahdhoso puks mdy qukprk`aos tklkr kl kl ulo `ukltd quk jdsDsç, rupturds hk su tklhkl`ad prk`khkl d jds rupturds dj hk usdrjos, jds tklhkl`ads hk jos o hos hçds. dj ofskrvdr  uld rupturd kl jd tklhkl`ad hk ul alha`d alh a`dhor hor dlta` dlta`apd apdto torao rao,, mdy quk kst kstdr  dr   prkpdrdho pdrd uld rupturd kl jd tklhkl`ad hk jos prk`aos. KPXO@ÄPXA@OP Paeuk su rkjd`aðl kltrk `dhd prk`ao hkj `akrrk y kj rdleo rk`akltk hk gäxago y gçla gçlago go.. Ca Cajt jtrd rd kj ru ruah ahoo hkj hkj gk gkr` r`dh dhoo gostrdlho jos pultos hk sofrk`ogprd y sofrkvkltd, kvatdlho skôdjks cdjsds.  Los gukstrd `uälho kstäl cukrtks o háf háfajks jk`olvalaálholos s jos jos fdna fdnasstds tdskstdr o kljos jokjs fdlho fdnas dnastd tds, dyuhälholos d hk`ahar quaál vd d edldr jd pkjkd hkj gkr`dho, hks, jos edldhorks. Kstä haskôdho pdrd cju`tudr kltrk 2 y 422. Jds jçlkds hk rkckrkl`ad sk hafundl kl jos lavkjks hk 62% y =2% pdrd gdr`dr jds jçlkds hk sofrk`ogprd y sofrkvkltd. @olsastk kl hos jçlkds, uld räpahd jjdgdhd por`kltdnk I y uld jkltd jjdgdhd por`kltdnk H. Kj gdr`o tkgpordj kstälhdr ks hk `al`o hçds. Kj por`kltdnk I ks guy sklsafjk d jos earos hkj gkr`dho, pkro taklk gu`mds skôdjks cdjsds. Kj  por`kltdnk H ks gklos sklsafjk, pkro cajtrd gknor kj ruaho hkj gkr`dho y prohu`k gklos skôdjks cdjsds.  Los hd trks tapos hk skôdjks> skôdjks> 4. HASKVEKL@AD  KLXVK  KJ ALHA@DHOV  Q KJ RVK@AO> Pkôdjks gäs agportdltks hk `ogprd y vkltd. [ld havkrekl`ad dj`astd o`urrk `udlho jos prk`aos `dkl mdstd ul lukvo gçlago gakltrds quk kj ksto`ästa`o trdzd ul sukjo gäs djto quk kj dltkraor. Ksto gukstrd quk jos fdnastds kstäl pkrhaklho cukrzd y ks uld skôdj hk `ogprd. Jd havkrekl`ad fdnastd o`urrk aeudj,  pkro `ol lukvos gäxagos kl kj prk`ao y ul tk`mo gäs fdno quk kj dltkraor kl kj ksto`ästa`o. 6. POFVK@OGRVD  Q  POFVKSKLXD> @udlho kj ksto`ästa`o sufk por kl`agd hk =2, kj vdjor  kstä sofrk`ogprdho y jasto pdrd eardr md`ad dfdno y `udlho kj ksto`ästa`o fdnd por hkfdno hk 62, saelaca`d quk kstä hkgdsadho fdno, quk kstä sofrkvklhaho, y kstä jasto pdrd eardr  md`ad drrafd. Kltol`ks, tklkgos quk lul`d mdy quk `ogprdr `udlho kj ksto`ästa`o kstä sofrk`ogprdho la vklhkr `udlho kstä sofrkvklhaho. 0. HAVK@@AÐL  HK  JD  JÇLKD> @udlho jds hos jçlkds hkj ksto`ästa`o dpultdl d jd gasgd hark``aðl, kltol`ks `olcargdl jd tklhkl`ad d `orto pjdzo9 `udlho jos prk`aos sufkl y dgfds jçlkds tdgfaál sufkl, ks profdfjk quk jd tklhkl`ad `rk`akltk `oltalþk9 `udlho jos  prk`aos fdndl y dgfds jçlkds tdgfaál fdndl, ks profdfjk quk jd tklhkl`ad fdnastd `oltalþk.

 

 G OGKLX[G   @  MDLEK   V DXK  OC  @  OGKLX[G  Q V

Ga Gahk hkll jd d` d`kj kjkr krd` d`að aðll hk jd tklh tklhkl kl`a `ad, d, su edldl` edl dl`ad ad o pár párhah hahdd hk jd vkj vkjo`a o`ahdh hdh.. D vk` vk`ks ks dj`d dj`dlz lzdl dl su tk`m tk`moo dltk dltkss hk qu qukk jd tklh tklhkl kl`a `add dj`dl`k dj`dl `k kj suyo y dj`dl dj`dlzdl zdl kj sukj sukjoo dltk dltkss hk quk jos prk`aos toqukl kj suyo. Pal kgfdreo, gakltrds jos os`ajdhorks saedljds dj`dlzdlho tk`mos,y ks skeuro gdltklkr posa`aolkslukvos hk `ogprd gakl gakltr trds ds dj`d dj`dl` l`kl kl lu lukv kvos os su sukj kjos os,, ks sk skeu euro ro gdltklkr jds posa`aolks hk vkltd. Pal kgfdreo, `udlho sk dj`dl`kl tk`mos `dhd vkz gäs fdnos, jd tklhkl`ad md hkndho hk d`kjkrdrsk, tklaklho quk kstdr prkpdrdhos pdrd ul `dgfao hk tklhkl`ad. Ks jo gasgo pdrd uld tklhkl`ad fdnastd. Pu cul`aoldgaklto ks kj saeuakltk> `ogpdrdl jos prk`aos hk `akrrk hk moy `ol jos hk ul pkraoho skjk``aoldho hk dträs. Kj gogkltug rkstd ul  prk`ao pdsdho dj prk`ao hk hk moy9 kj rdtk oc `mdlek havahk kj prk`ao hk moy kltrk ul prk`ao pdsdho. [l gdr`o tkgpordj erdlhk dyuhdrä d hktkstdr tklhkl`ads y ul gdr`o pkqukôo skrä gäs þtaj pdrd jos `dgfaos d `orto pjdzo. @udlho jos prk`aos sufkl, pkro kj gogkltug o kj rdtk  oc   `mdlek fdndl, dvasdl quk ul tk`mo sk kstä d`kr`dlho, ha`aálholos  polkr jos stops gäs dprktdhos.quk hkfkgos pklsdr kl `krrdr jds posa`aolks, rk`oekr jos fklkca`aos y dprktdhos. SOJ[GKL Vkpr Vkprks kskl kltd td jd d`ta d`tavvahdh ahdh hk jos trdhkrs  y hk jjoos alvkrsorks. @dhd ulahdh rkcjknd jd d``aðl hk hos pkrsolds> uld quk vklhk y otrd quk `ogprd. Vkcjknd kj erdho hk agpja`d`aðl caldl`akrd y kgo`aoldj hk jos pdrta`apdltks kl kj gkr`dho. Kj vojugkl hadrao ks kj lþgkro hk `oltrdtos o d``aolks altk tkr` r`dg dgffadho dhos kl ul hçd. çd. Lo Loss hd pastd stds sofr sofrkk jd  profdfajahdh hk hk rupturd o `oltaluah `oltaluahdh dh hk jds tklhkl`ads. Mdy uld skrak hk rkejds d gdlkndr `udlho dldjazdgos kj vojugkl> Kj vojugkl djto `olcargd jds tklhkl`ads. Pa kj gkr`dho `dk d ul lukvo gçlago, pkro kj vojugkl dj`d dj`dlz lzdd ul lukv lukvoo gä gäxa xago go,, klto kltol` l`ks ks ksk ksk gç gçla lago go ks  profdfjk quk vukjvd vukjvd d tdltkdrsk k al`juso d `ru `ruzdrsk. zdrsk. Pa kj vojugkl sk kl`oek gakltrds jd tklhkl`ad `oltalþd, kstd tklhkl`ad kstä gdhurd pdrd kj `dgfao. Djeulos trdhkrs opkrdl `ol alha`dhorks fdsdhos kl kj vojugkl, tdjks `ogo Ol-Fdjdl`k Sojugk. O L-FDJDL@K SOJ[GK Alha`dhor dlta`apdtorao quk sufk o fdnd `dhd hçd hkpklhaklho sa jos prk`aos `akrrdl gäs djto o gäs fdno quk kj hçd dltkraor. @udlho kj prk`ao `akrrd gäs djto, kj vojugkl hk ksk hçd sk dôdhk dj alha`dhor9 sa kj prk`ao `akrrd gäs fdno, kj vojugkl sk rkstd. Kstk alha`dhor `dk d gkluho dltks quk jos prk`aos.

 

A LHA@DHOVKP HASKVPOP Rohkgo goss kl`oltrdr kl kstd `d `dtk tkeo eorç rçdd dj `ols `olskl klso so y kj so so`a `adj dj trdhale. Sdjk jd pkld ar kl `oltrd hk ksto, puks tklkr pjkld `olcadlzd hk jds opalaolks hk otrds pkrsolds o `opadr  sus corgds hk alvkrsaðl lo ks fuklo. Jo rk`ogklhdfjk skrçd `olcargdr sus  prkha``aolks `ol ul dläjasas. dläjasas.

  PAPXKGDP HK XVDHALE PAPXKGD HK XVDHALE HK JD XVARJK RDLXDJJD Dpja`d trks tkst o pdltdjjds d `dhd trdlsd``aðl. Dqukjjds opkrd`aolks quk pdsdl jos trks cajtros, taklk ul djto erdho hk rkltdfajahdh potkl`adj.   RVAGKVD RDLXDJJD @ogklzdgos dldjazdlho kj eräca`o d jdreo pjdzo kl uld gdelatuh supkraor d jd quk qukrkgos opkrdr, toho ksto pdrd vkr jd tklhkl`ad. [tajazdrkgos alha`dhorks hark``aoldjks pdrd ahkltaca`dr jds tklhkl`ads d jdreo pjdzo, prkckrafjkgkltk GD@H. Ahkltaca`dgos jd tklhkl`ad pdrd opkrdr kl su hark``aðl. PKE[LHD RDLXDJJD Ahkltaca`dgos jd ojd quk vd kl `oltrd hk jd gdrkd, dpja`dlho os`ajdhorks d jos eräca`os hadraos  pdrd ahkltaca`dr jds hksvad`aolks `ol rkspk`to dj eräca`o skgdldj, puks kj ofnktavo ks vkr jds hksvad`aolks sofrk jd tklhkl`ad eklkrdj. Rrkckrafjkgkltk o`updgos kj ksto`ästa`o. XKV@KVD RDLXDJJD Pk rkdjazd ul dläjasas hk jos prk`aos altrdhadraos pdrd optagazdr pultos hk kltrdhd. Lo rkquakrk alha`dhorks, salo skôdjks hk `ogprd o vkltd dutogäta`os. Pa jos prk`aos sufkl, `olcaeurdgos jd `ogprd pdrd quk sk mded dutogäta`dgkltk `udlho jd sufahd sofrkpdsk kj gäxago hkj hçd dltkraor9 sa jos prk`aos fdndl, kstd orhkl hk `ogprd lo sk to`drd. Pk `olcaeurd jd orhkl hk vkltd pdrd rkdjazdrsk `udlho jd fdndhd `ru`k kj gçlago g çlago hkj hçd dltkraor. Jos stops hkfkräl hk skr guy dnustdhos. PAPXKGD HK XVDHALE RDVDFÐJA@O Pk jjdgd dsç por kj hafuno quk md`kl jos stops sofrk kj eräca`o hurdltk jos govagakltos agportdltks. Ks ul sastkgd hk alvkrsaðl hkltro hk uld tklhkl`ad. Hkfk hk utajazdrsk sðjo `udlho jos gkr`dhos sk kl`ukltrkl kl tklhkl`ad. Pk raek kl uld sojd rkejd hk oro> GOSKV  JOP PXORP KL JD HAVK@@AÐL HK JD XKLHKL@AD Q L[L@D KL @OLXVD HK KJJD.

 

Pa `ogprdgos, kltol`ks pohkgos sufar jos stops, pkro lul`d fdndrjos9 sa vklhkgos, pohkgos  fdndr jos stops, pkro lul`d lul`d sufarjos. Jos stops kl kstk sastkgd sk `dj`ujdl hk gdlkrd hadrad gkhadltk jd saeuakltk cðrgujd> Ptophk gdôdld kxtrkgo dj`dlzdho hkkshk quk sk ala`aðjd ala`að jd trdlsd``aðl gdôdld7 Ptop hkmoy + Cd`tor hk d`kjkrd`aðl∕( Rulto kxtrkgodj`dlzdho

holhk kj cd`tor hk d`kjkrd`aðl 7 2.26 (kj stop sk gukvk ul 6% hk jd hastdl`ad kltrk kj pulto kxtrkgo y kj stop oraealdj). Ha`mo cd`tor `rk`k ul 6% `dhd hçd quk kj vdjor dj`dlzd ul lukvo gäxago kl jd sufahd (sa kstdgos `ogprdlho) o kl jd fdndhd (sa kstdgos vklhaklho).

AGROVXDLXK> Lul`d mdy quk govkr kj stop hkltro hkj rdleo hk prk`aos hkj hçd dltkraor, dulquk dsç jo alhaquk kj rksujtdho hk jd cðrgujd. PAPXKGD HK XVDHALE HK @DLDJ  Lorgdjgkltk jos prk`aos cjuykl kltrk `dldjks. Jos `dldjks dyuhdl d ahkltaca`dr fuklds oportulahdhks hk `ogprd y vkltd. Kl kstk tapo hk sastkgd hkstd`d ul alha`dhor> jds fdlhds hk Fojjalekr. FDLHDP HK FOJJALEKV  Pu dl`m dl`muurd `dg dgffad kl cu cull`að `aðl hk jd vo vojd jdta taja jahd hdhh hkj hkj gk gkr` r`dh dho. o. Pa jd vojd vojdta taja jahd hdhh dugkltd, sk klsdl`md9 sa jd vojdtajahdh fdnd, kltol`ks sk kstrk`md. [ld fdl fdlhd hd hk Foj Fojjal jalekr ekr kstrk` kstrk`md md quakr quakrkk hk`ar quk kj gkr`dho kstä trdlquajo. @udlho jos prk`aos sufkl por kl`agd hk uld fdlhd hk Fojjalekr guy kstrk`md, sk kstä hdlho uld skôdj hk `ogprd y sa `dkl por  hkfdno hk kjjd, kstäl hdlho uld skôdj hk vkltd. @udlho jos prk`aos vukjvkl d su `dldj hkshk cukrd ks takgpo hk `krrdr jds posa`aolks.

EKPXAÐL HKJ HALKVO Pu ofnktavo ks dskeurdr jd supkrvavkl`ad kl kj gkr`dho. Jd pragkrd rkejd hkj trdhale ks lo drraksedr toho kl uld opkrd`aðl, kspk`adjgkltk `udlho klcrkltdgos gdjds rd`mds. Mdy quk sdf sdfkr kr po porr dlt dlta`a a`apdh pdhoo `uä `uälto lto kst kstdgo dgoss has haspuk puksto stoss d pkr pkrhkr hkr.. Lug Lugkro krosds sds pru prukfd kfdss hkgukstrdl quk jd gäxagd párhahd quk ul trdhkr  pukhk  pukhk drraksedr sofrk uld opkrd`aðl sal hdôdr su  pkrspk`tavd d jdreo pjdzo ks kj 6% hk su `dpatdj, dulquk gu`mos kl`ukltrdl kstk por`kltdnk guy djto. Ks agportdltk pjdltkdrlos ofnktavos gohkstos pdrd pohkr joerdrjo. KJ C-ÐRXAGO Ks jd crd``aðl candhd optagazdhd, jd crd``aðl hk `dpatdj quk hkfkrçdgos hk drraksedr kl `udjquakr  opkrd`aðl skeþl kj rksujtdho hk uld cðrgujd fdsdhd kl jos rksujtdhos kl kj sastkgd hk trdhale y kj tdgdôo hk jd `ukltd.

 

Kj C-ð C-ðpta ptago go `dg `dgfad fad `ol `olstd stdlt ltkgkl kgkltk. tk. Dhk Dhkgäs gäs,, sa opk opkrdg rdgos os por kl` kl`agd agd,, lo oftkl oftklhrk hrkgos gos  fklkca`aos y dugkltdrkgos jds posafajahdhks hk rruald9 uald9 sa opkrdgos por hkfdno, kj rakseo hasgaluyk dratgáta`dgkltk, pkro kj fklkca`ao hk`rk`k kxpolkl`adjgklt kxpolkl`adjgkltk. k. Opkrdr `ol kj C-ðptago pukhk jjkvdrlos d tklkr párhahds hk mdstd kj =;%, por jo quk hkfkgos hk altkltdrjo sðjo sa tklkgos ul fukl `dpatdj hk rakseo. Rohkgo Roh kgoss `dj `dj`uj `ujdr dr kj C-ð C-ðpt ptago ago kl Kx` Kx`kj kj gkh gkhadl adltk tk jd cðr cðrguj gujdd GKH GKHAD. AD.EKO EKOG G y poh pohkgo kgoss mttp>//fat.jy/4GK2FLP   kl`oltrdr uld gdlkrd hk usdrjd kl mttp>//fat.jy/4GK2FLP V KALSKVPAÐL KALSKVPAÐL HK FKLKCA@AOP  Lo kxastk uld rkejd hkcalahd, skl`ajjd y räpahd pdrd havahar jos fklkca`aos kltrk rkalvkrsaðl y uso  pkrsoldj, puks hkpklhk hk jd pkrsoldjahdh, hkj tdgdôo hk jd `ukltd y hk jos hkskos y lk`ksahdhks  pkrsoldjks. ¿@ÐGO ROLKV  JOP PXORP? Mdy quk `ojo`drjos kl kj gogklto hk dfrar uld posa`aðl9 mdy quk dnustdrjos `ol kj takgpo pdrd rkhu`ar kj rakseo y protkekr jos fklkca`aos y sðjo hkfkl govkrsk kl ul sojo skltaho, kl kj skltaho hk jd opkrd`aðl. @udlho `ogprdgos pohkgos `olskrvdrjos o sufarjos, pkro lul`d fdndrjos y `udlho vklhkgos pohkgos `olskrvdrjos o fdndrjos, pkro lul`d sufarjos. OVHKL HK PXOR-JOPP Mdy quk `ojo`dr kj stop kl kj gogklto hk dfrar uld posa`aðl. Dulquk ul stop lo los protkek hk ul gdj sastkgd hk trdhale, pukhk rkhu`ar gu`mo jos hdôos. OVHKL HK FVKDI -KSKL Jos pragkros hçds hk uld opkrd`aðl sol jos gäs `rçta`os. @udlho jos prk`aos `ogakl`kl d govkrsk d lukstro cdvor, hkfkgos hk govkr kj stop dj lavkj hkj pulto hk kquajafrao. OVHKL HK RVOXK@@AÐL HK EDLDL@ADP Hkfkgos hk govkrlos `oltaludgkltk kl hark``aðl hk jd opkrd`aðl hk tdj gdlkrd quk kj 6% hkj `dpatdj lo pkjaerk. V KEJDP KEJDP HK XVDHALE  4. Op Opkrd krd kl jd hark` hark``að `aðll hk jd tkl tklhkl hkl`ad `ad.. Pa dpul dpultd td md`ad drra drrafd, fd, fus` fus`dgo dgoss opo oportu rtulah lahdhk dhkss hk `ogprd y kvatdgos posa`aolks `ortds9 sa dpultd md`ad dfdno, trdfdndgos `ol posa`aolks `ortds y kvatdgos `ogprdr. 6. [s [sdd jd jçlk jçlkdd hk tklh tklhkl` kl`ad ad `ogo sop soport ortkk y rks rksas astkl tkl`ad `ad.. @ud @udlho lho jos prk prk`ao `aoss suf sufkl, kl, mdy quk `ojo`dr ðrhklks hk `ogprd kl jds jçlkds hk tklhkl`ad dj`astds y ðrhklks hk vkltd por hkfdno9 dpja`dgos kj alvkrso pdrd jçlkds hk tklhkl`ad fdnastds. 0. Jds tkl tklhkl` hkl`ads ads kgpa kgpaldhd ldhdss prk`kh prk`khkl kl d ruptur rupturds ds dfru dfruptds. ptds. Pa jd jç jçlkd lkd hk tklh tklhkl`ad kl`ad so sofrkpd frkpdsd sd jos 8;², `ojo`dgos ul stop nusto kl jd jçlkd hk tklhkl`ad y mdy quk rklovdrjo d hadrao. 8. Jos prk prk`aos `aos td tdltkd ltkdll kj þjtag þjtagoo prk`a prk`aoo kxtkrl kxtkrloo dltks hhkk rogpkr uuld ld tklhk tklhkl`ad l`ad.. ;. [taj [tajazd azd `dldj `dldjks ks ppdrdjk drdjkjos jos d jd jçlk jçlkdd hk tklh tklhkl`ad kl`ad..