Trabalho de Electromagnetismo

 

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Cjegse _cuh Varagklcge Jrcgklske Besì Nctcge Jray Zlriîhle Kïgflfe Jrcgklske Kïgflfe Kcklhfc Jargcgfe Kegbe Kchlste Crkcgbe

Kcnpe Ncigìtlke krlcfe per Kerragta Ahìktrlkc, Jeréc ahaktrencigìtlk ahaktrencigìtlkcc an un kegfuter raktlhîgae, Jeréc ahaktrencigìtlkc ahaktrencigìtlkc seora unc kcric ge sale fa un kcnpe ncigìtlke Hlkagklcturc an Agslge fa Nctanãtlkc ken Dcolhltcéñas an Agslge fa Jîslkc

Qglvarslfcfa Pafciûilkc Negtapuaz ?034

 

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Cjegse _cuh Varagklcge Jrcgklske Besì Nctcge Jray Zlriîhle Kïgflfe Jrcgklske Kïgflfe Kcklhfc Jargcgfe Kegbe Kchlste Crkcgbe

Kcnpe Ncigìtlke krlcfe per Kerragta Ahìktrlkc, Jeréc ahaktrencigìtlkc ahaktrencigìtlkc an un kegfuter raktlhîgae a Jeréc ahaktrencigìtlkc seora unc kcric ge sale fa un kcnpe ncigìtlke Vrcochde fa kcrãktar cvchlctlve c sar agtraiua ge fapcrtcnagte fa Klâgklcs Gcturcls a Nctanãtlkc ge kurse fa hlkagklcturc an agslge fa Nctanãtlkc ken dcolhltcéñas an agslge fa Jîslkc, Kcfa Kc falr lrcc fa Ah Ahak aktrl trlkl klfc fcfa fa a Ncig Ncigat atls lsne ne ha hakk kkle legc gcfc fc pa pahe he Fekagta2 Fr.Ochtczcr _clnugfe

Qglvarslfcfa Pafciûilkc Negtapuaz ?034

 

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Îgflka 3. Lgtrefuéëe..................... ........................................... ............................................ ............................................ ..............................................6 ........................6 3.3.

_avlsëe Iarch..................... ........................................... ............................................ ............................................ .....................................1 ...............1

?. Kcn Kcnpe pe N Nci cigìt gìtlke lke krl krlcf cfee pe perr Ke Kerra rragta gta Ahì Ahìktr ktrlkc lkc...................................................1 ?. ?.3. 3.

Jegt Jegtas as fe Kcnp Kcnpee Nci Ncigì gìtl tlke ke..............................................................................9

?.3.3. ?.3 .3.

Kc Kcnpe npe Nci Ncigìt gìtlke lke ia iarcf rcfee an tterg ergee fa un K Kegf egfute uterr _aktlh _aktlhîga îgaee...................9

?.3.?. ?.3 .?.

Kc Kcnpe npe Nci Ncigìt gìtlke lke ia iarcf rcfee ge ka kagtr gtree fa unc Asplr Asplrcc Klrku Klrkuhcr  hcr .........................4 .........................4

?.3.;. ?.3 .;.

Kc Kcnpe npe Nci Ncigìt gìtlke lke iiarc arcfe fe ge ka kagtr gtree fa uunc nc O Oeol eolgc gc Hegi Hegicc eu [eha [ehagûl gûlfa fa.....<

?.3. ?.3.6. 6.

Kc Kcnp npee nci ncigì gìtlk tlkee iiar arcf cfee pper er un terû terûlf lfaa.....................................................33

;. Zak Zakter ter K Kcnp cnpee Nci Ncigì gìtlk tlkee Lgf Lgfute uterr ‛ Jer Jeréc éc N Ncig cigatl atlzcg zcgta ta....................................3? 6. Jer Jeréc éc ahak ahaktre trenci ncigìt gìtlkc lkc aan n un kkegf egfute uterr raktlh raktlhîga îgaee.............................................3: 1. Jer Jeréc éc ncig ncigìtl ìtlkc kc ag agtra tra ffels els kkegf egfute uteras ras pcrcha pcrchahes hes.................................................39 :. Jeréc ahaktrenc ahaktrencigìt igìtlkc lkc sseora eora unc kkcric cric ge ssale ale fa fa un kcnpe kcnpe ncigìtl ncigìtlke ke.........34 :.3.. :.3

Naf Nafléë léëee fa kc kcnpe npess ncigì ncigìtlk tlkes es kken en kcrics kcrics fa tas tasta ta.......................................3<

:.?.. :.?

Keg Kegsaq saquâg uâgklc klcss fc fc cké ckéëe ëe fc jer jeréc éc nc ncigì igìtlk tlkcc....................................................?0

9. Kegkhusëe...........................................................................................................................??

_ajarâgklcs olohleirãjlkcs......................................................................................................?;

 

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3. Lgtrefuéëe Astufcr Jîslkc ì kegdakar c prûprlc gcturazc qua ges karkc. Pcrc ctagfar c assa  prepûslte, fasagvehvanes e prasagta trcochde fa astufe. Aha trcz e kegtaòfe fa Jîslkc kegtan keg tanphc phcfe fe e nc nciga igatls tlsne. ne. Gasta Gasta keg kegtax taxte, te, c prasag prasagta ta flsku flskussë ssëee eobakt eobaktlvc lvc-sa -sa c kenpraagfar fa jernc suklgtc a eobaktlvcnagta e jagûnage fa ahaktrencigatlsne. Fa jernc aspakîjlkc es eobaktlves vlscn2 3. Faskravar es kegkaltes fa Kcnpe Ncigìtlke krlcfe per Kerragta Ahìktrlkc, Jeréc ahaktrencigìtlkc an un kegfuter raktlhîgae=

?. Lgtarpratcr e kenpertcnagte fc Jeréc ahaktrencigìtlkc seora unc kcric ge sale fa un kcnpe ncigìtlke a cs Kegsaquâgklcs fc ckéëe fc jeréc ncigìtlkc.   Ast Astaa trc trcoc ochde hde jel ahc ahcoer oercfe cfe per pa pasqu squlsc lsc olo olohle hleirã irãjlkc jlkc fcs eor eorcs cs keg kegstc stcgta gtass gc  olohleircjlc ge jlgch fasta fasta trcochde.

 

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3.3.

_avlsëe Iarch

_akerfcgfe-saa qua kcnpes ncigìtlkes a cs lgtarckéñas ncigìtlkcs2 _akerfcgfe-s

C. Qnc kcric nûvah eu unc kerragta ahìktrlkc krlc un kcnpe ncigìtlke an sucs vlzlgdcs (chìn fe kcnpe ahìktrlke) O. E kcnpe ncigìtlke axarka unc jeréc  J  seora  seora quchquar eutrc kerragta eu kcric qua sa nevc ge lgtarler fe kcnpe. Vch kene e kcnpe ahìktrlke, e kcnpe ncigìtlke ì un kcnpe vakterlch= An kcfc pegte fe aspcée, pessul un nûfuhe, flrakéëe a sagtlfe= Zcnes uscr e sînoehe O pcrc fasligcr un kcnpe ncigìtlke= Pefanes faskravar cs lgtarckéñas ncigìtlkcs ken ocsa gcs lfalcs fa kcnpe ncigìtlke. Qn înë krlc un kcnpe ncigìtlke ge aspcée an terge faha a un saiugfe kerpe sejra c ckéëe fassa kcnpe. C flrakéëe fe kcnpe an kcfc  pegte ì fajlglfc pahc jeréc qua e kcnpe axarkarlc seora un pûhe gerta erta

nci ncigìtl gìtlkke

sl sltu tuccfe

ge

raspaktlve pegte. C Varrc ì un înë. [au Pûhe  Gerta iaûircje astã prûxlne fe  pûhe suh ncigìtlke. Pûhe gerta fa uncc ciuh un ciuhdc dc fa oòss oòsseh ehcc cpeg cpegtc tc san san ra crc crc e ge gert rta. a. An kcfc pegte, c flrakéëe a e fc ciuhdc fa unc oòssehc, a e sagtlfe cpegtc pcrc e gerta fc ciuhdc.

?. Kcnp Kcnpee Nc Ncigìtl igìtlke ke kkrlcf rlcfee per per Kerrag Kerragta ta Ah Ahìktr ìktrlkc lkc Qn kcnpe ncigìtlke pefa sar krlcfe ctrcvìs fe nevlnagte fa kcrics ahìktrlkcs, tch kene e jhuxe fa kerragta gun kegfuter. Asta kcnpe ncigìtlke ì erlilgcfe pahe nenagte fa ilre fe flpehe ncigìtlke (rajaragta ce splg fe ahaktrëe) a pahe nenagte fc ûroltc fe flpehe ncigìtlke fa un ahaktrëe fagtre fa un ãtene. C asta kcnpe ncigìtlke erlilgcfe per unc kerragta ahìktrlkc kdcnc-sa Kcnpe Ahaktrencigìtlke. Sucgfe e kegfuter raktlhîgae fc jliurc saiulgta ì parkerrlfe per unc kerragta ahìktrlkc  pefa-sa eosarvcr pahc erlagtcéëe fcs ciuhdcs fcs oòssehcs, c axlstâgklc fa un kcnpe

 

:

qua e agvehva hegiltuflgchnagta (ce hegie fa sau kenprlnagte) a cs hlgdcs fa kcnpe ncigìtlke qua e raprasagtcn, sëe kîrkuhes kegkâgtrlkes.

 

Jliurc2 Erlagtcéëe fc oòssehc an terge fa un kegfuter parkerrlfe per kerragta

Jliurc2  vlsuchlzcéëe fcs hlgdcs fa kcnpe Jliurc2  ncig nc igìt ìtlk lkee pr pref efuz uzlf lfee pe perr un ke kegf gfut uter  er  ratlhîgae uscgfe hlnchdc fa jarre.

Cs hlgdcs fa kcnpe ncigìtlke sëe hlgdcs agvehtûrlcs kegkâgtrlkcs a erlagtcfcs, kene nestrc c jliurc qua sa saiua. Cs hlgd hlgdcs cs fa kc kcnp npee nc ncig igìt ìtlk lkee pr pref efuz uzlf lfee pa pahc hc kerragta sëe kegkâgtrlkcs qua pefa-sa tâ-he ctrcvìs fc _airc fa Cnpära.

_airc fa Cnpära ‛ _airc fc Nëe Flraltc2 Nëe flraltc agvehvagfe e kegfuter ken e pehaicr  cpegtcgfe pcrc e sagtlfe kegvagklegch fc kerragta ahìktr ahì ktrlkc lkc,, es fan fancls cls fafes fafes lgf lgflkc lkcn n e sagtlf sagtlfee fc fcss hlgdcs fa kcnpe qua agvehvan e kegfuter. C _airc fa Cnpära, eu _airc fc Nëe Flraltc ì uscfc pcrc fatarnlgcr e sagtlfe fcs

hlgdcs hlg dcs fe kcn kcnpe pe ncigìt ncigìtlke lke kegs kegslfarc lfarcgfe-s gfe-saa e sagtlfe kegvagklegch fc kerragta ahìktrlkc kene nestrc c jliurc2

 

Jliurc2 C _airc fa Cnpara eu _airc fc Nëe Flraltc

E kcnp kcnpee nc ncig igìt ìtlk lkee iarc iarcfe fe pe perr un kegf kegfut uter er pa park rker errl rlfe fe pe perr ke kerr rrag agta ta pe pefa fa sa sar  r  raprasagtcfe per sucs hlgdcs fasagdcfcs an parspaktlvc, eu agtëe ken c slnoeheilc astufcfc, kene lhustrc c jliurc

 

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[ligljlkcéëe fc slnoeheilc2 _apra _ap rassag agtc tc un jl jle, e, unc hl hlgd gdcc fa kcnpe eu un vakter ken c flrakéëe  parpagflkuhcrr ce phcge fe pcpah ge  parpagflkuhc sagtlfe fa scîfc=

  Eu

?.3.

  _a _apr pras asag agtc tc un jl jle, e, unc unc hl hlgd gdcc fa kcnp kcnpee eu un va vakt kter er ke ken n c fl flra raké kéëe ëe  parpagflkuhcrr ce phcge fe pcpah ge  parpagflkuhc sagtlfe fa agtrcfc. Jegtas fe Kcnpe Ncigìtlke

Chìn Chìn fes fes în înës ës gc gctu turc rcls ls (n (nci ciga gatlt tltc) c) a es înës înës pa parn rncg cgag agta tass ja jalt ltes es fa ncta nctarlc rlcls ls ncigatlzcfes, pefanes iarcr kcnpes ncigìtlkes ctrcvìs fc kerragta ahìktrlkc an kegfuteras. [a astas kegfuteras tlvaran c jernc fa asplrcs eu oeolgcs pefanes iarcr  kcnpes ncigìtlkes nulte lgtagses.

?.3.3.. Kcnp ?.3.3 Kcnpee Ncig Ncigìtlke ìtlke iiarcf arcfee an terg tergee fa un Ke Kegfute gfuterr _aktl _aktlhîgae hîgae C lgt lgtag agslf slfcfa cfa fe kc kcnpe npe nci ncigìt gìtlke lke ia iarcf rcfee an ter terge ge fa un kegfut kegfuter er raktlh raktlhîga îgaee  parkerrlfe per kerragta ahìktrlkc fapagfa fc lgtagslfcfa fassc kerragta. Qnc kerragta lgtagsc prefuzlrã un kcnpe lgtagse, ken lgònarcs hlgdcs fa kcnpe qua sa flstrlouan ctì railñas oan flstcgtas fe kegfuter. Qnc kerragta nages lgtagsc prefuzlrã peukcs hlgdcs gunc railëe prûxlnc ce kegfuter. C jliurc c oclxe lhustrc assc sltucéëe.

Jliurc2 _aprasagtcéëe _aprasagtcéëe fe kcnpe ncigìtlke an jugéëe fc lgtagslfcfa fc kerragta E vakter Oqua raprasagtc c Fagslfcfa fa Kcnpe Ncigìtlke eu Fagslfcfa fa Jhuxe an quchqu quc hquar ar peg pegte te cpr cprasa asagtc gtc flr flraké akéëe ëe sa sanpr npraa tcg tcgia iagta gta  às hlgdcs fa kcnpe ge pegte kegslfarcfe. Lsse pefa sar kenprevcfe pahc eosarvcéëe fc erlagtcéëe fc ciuhdc fa unc  oòssehc an terge terge fa un kegf kegfuter uter parkerrlfe per kerra kerragta gta ahìktrlkc.

 

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  E Zakter Fagslfcfa fa Kcnpe Ncigìtlke O ì sanpra tcgiagta às hlgdcs fa kcnpe. C Fa Fags gslf lfcf cfaa fa kc kcnp npee ncig ncigìt ìtlk lkee

O 

gun peg pegte te p ke kegsl gslfar farcfe cfe,, ì flrakt flraktcna cnagta gta

 preperklegch à kerragta ge kegfuter, lgvarscnagta preperklegch à flstïgklc agtra e kagtre fe kegfuter a e pegte a fapagfa fe nale. Nctanctlkcnagta, tan-sa qua2 ⃙

O>

  θ . L   egfa2 ?. π . r

O > Fagslfcfa fa kcnpe Ncigìtlke (eu Fagslfcfa fa Jhuxe Ncigìtlke) gun pegte p

an ]V > Vashc^= r > flstïgklc agtra e kagtre fe kegfuter a e pegte p kegslfarcfe ]n^=  Μ > Lgtagslfcfa fa kerragta ge kegfuter ]C^.  θ > Parnacolhlfcfa ncigìtlkc fe nale ]V.n/C^

C Parnacolhlfcfa Ncigìtlkc ge Zãkue ì fcfc per2 ∟9 ∟3  θ> 6 . π .30 V . n. n. C  

Astc aqucéëe ì vãhlfc pcrc kegfuteras hegies, eu sabc, qucgfe c flstïgklc r  jer   jer oan nager qua e kenprlnagte fe kegfuter ( r ≢ h ) .

?.3.?.. Kcnp ?.3.? Kcnpee Ncig Ncigìtlke ìtlke iiarcf arcfee ge kag kagtre tre fa un uncc Asplr Asplrcc Klrku Klrkuhcr hcr Qn kegfuter an jernc fa asplrc klrkuhcr qucgfe parkerrlfe per kerragta ahìktrlkc ì kcpcz fa kegkagtrcr cs hlgdcs fa kcnpe ncigìtlke ge lgtarler fc asplrc2

Jliurc2 Zlsuchlzcéëe fe Kcnpe ncigìtlke ge kagtre fa unc asplrc klrkuhcr. Lsse sligljlkc qua c fagslfcfa fa kcnpe ncigìtlke rasuhtcgta ge lgtarler fc asplrc ì ncler qua c prefuzlfc pahc nasnc kerragta ge kegfuter raktlhîgae. Cssln, pcrc es kcnpes ncigìtlkes raprasagtcfes gc jliurc saiulgta tanes2

 

<

⃙

O>

 θ . L   Egfa2 ?._

 O > ì

c fagslfcfa fa kcnpe ncigìtlke ge kagtre fc asplrc klrkuhcr ]V, Vashc^=

 _ > rcle fc asplrc ]n^=  Μ > lgtagslfcfa fa kerragta gc asplrc

klrkuhcr ]C^.

 θ > parnacolhlfcfa ncigìtlkc fe nale ]V.n/C^

 Gc jliurc j liurc (c) a (o) pefanes varljlkcr qua cs hlgdcs fa kcnpe iarcfcs ge kegfuter sëe kegkagtrcfcs ge lgtarler fc asplrc. C jliurc (k) nestrc qua c rairc fc nëe flraltc tcnoìn sarva pcrc fatarnlgcr e sagtlfe rasuhtcgta fcs hlgdcs fa kcnpe ge kagtre fc asplrc. Gc jliurcs (k  a f ) nestrcn-sa cs hlgdcs fa kcnpe kegkagtrcfcs ge lgtarler fc asplrc ctrcvìs fa eutre ïgiuhe fa vlsëe.

Jliurc2 _aprasagtcéëe fe Kcnpe Ncigìtlke iarcfe per unc asplrc klrkuhcr parkerrlfc  per kerragta.

?.3.;.. Kcnp ?.3.; Kcnpee Ncigì Ncigìtlke tlke iar iarcfe cfe ge ka kagtre gtre fa un uncc Oeolgc He Hegic gic eu [eh [ehagûl agûlfa fa Qn [ehagûlfa ì unc oeolgc hegic eotlfc per un jle kegfuter lsehcfe a agrehcfe an asplrcs liucls, hcfe c hcfe, a liuchnagta aspcécfc aspcécfcss agtra sl, kene sa nestrc c jliurc2 Sucgfe c oeolgc ì parkerrlfc per kerragta, es kcnpes ncigìtlkes krlcfes an kcfc unc fcs asplrcs qua jerncn e sehagûlfa sencn-sa a e rasuhtcfe jl jlggch, ì lfâgtlke c un kcnpe ncigìtlke fa un lnë parncgagta an jernc fa  ocrrc, kene cprasagtcfe cprasagtcfe gcs jliurcs. Jliurc2 Hlgdcs fe Kcnpe Ahaktrencigìtlke krlcfe per unc oeolgc parkerrlfc per kerragta

 

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  Kcnpe Ncigìtlke ge lgtarler fa unc oeolgc Jliurc2 Kegkagtrcéëe fcs Hlgdcs  parkerrlfc per kerragta kerragta

Pefanes eosarvcr qua cs hlgdcs fa kcnpe sëe kegkagtrcfcs ge lgtarler fe sehagûlfa.  Gc jliurc (c) saiulgta pefa-sa eosarvcr unc oeolgc an qua sucs sucs asplrcs astëe cjcstcfcs cjcstcfcs uncs fcs eutrcs. Agtra fucs asplrcs es kcnpes cguhcn-sa pels tân sagtlfes epestes. Ge kagtr kagtree fe seh sehag agûlf ûlfaa es kcn kcnpes pes senc sencn-s n-sa. a. Pefane Pefaness eos eosarv arvcr cr qua ge lgt lgtarl arler er fe sehagûlfa e kcnpe ì prctlkcnagta ugljerna. Sucgte ncls prûxlncs astlvaran cs asplrcs uncs fcs eutrcs, ncls lgtagse a ncls ugljerna sarã e kcnpe ncigìtlke, kene nestrc c jliurc (o).

  Jliurc2 Kcnpe ncigìtlke ge sehagûlfa2 (c) asplrcs sapcrcfcs= (o) asplrcs bustcpestcs Pcrc sehagûlfas sujlklagtanagta hegies (egfa e kenprlnagte hegiltuflgch ì oan ncler  qua e flïnatre fcs sucs asplrcs), pefa-sa kegslfarcr e kcnpe ncigìtlke kegstcgta a ugljer ugl jerna na an prc prctlk tlkcna cnagta gta tef tefcc c axt axtags agsëe ëe fe lgt lgtarl arler er fe sehag sehagûlf ûlfa. a. Pertc Pertcgte gte,, c fagslf fag slfcfa cfa fe kcnpe kcnpe ncigìt ncigìtlke lke (fa (fagsl gslfc fcfa fa fa jhu jhuxe xe ncigì ncigìtlk tlke) e) ge ka kagtr gtree fa un sehagûlfa ì axprasse per2 ⃙

O>

 θ . G . L    egfa2 h

 O > ì

c fagslfcfa fa kcnpe ncigìtlke ge kagtre fe sehagûlfa ]V > Vashc^=

 

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 G > gònare fa asplrcs fe  Μ > ì c

sehagûlfa=

lgtagslfcfa fa kerragta ahìktrlkc qua parkerra e sehagûlfa ]C^=

h  > kenprlnagte

hegiltuflgch fe sehagûlfa ]n^.

 θ > parnacolhlfcfa ncigìtlkc fe nale (gòkhae fe sehagûlfa) ]V.n/C^

Eosarvcéëe2 E kenprlnagteh  ì e kenprlnag kenprlnagte te hegil hegiltuflg tuflgch ch fe sehagûlfa sehagûlfa a gëe fava sar kegjugflfe ken e kenprlnagte fe kegfuter fe sehagûlfa. Qn ahaktreîncg ì unc oeolgc agrehcfc an terge fa un gò gòkh khae ae fa ncta nctarl rlch ch ja jarr rree-nc ncig igìt ìtlk lkee fa ch chtc tc  parnacolhlfcfa pcrc kegkagtrcr e kcnpe ncigìtlke. Kasscgfe c kerragta aha parfa c ncigatlzcéëe perqua e ncigatlsne raslfuch ì nulte oclxe.

?.3.6.. Kcnp ?.3.6 Kcnpee nc ncigìtl igìtlke ke iiarcf arcfee pe perr un terûl terûlfa fa Qnc oeolgc terelfch (eu slnphasnagta, terûlfa) ì un sehagûlfa an jernc fa cgah2 [au gòkhae pefa sar fa cr eu fa nctarlch jarre-ncigìtlke. Es terûlfas sëe e tlpe fa oeolgcs kcpczas fa preperklegcr  c ncler kegkagtrcéëe fcs hlgdcs fa kcnpe ncigìtlke. Pefa sar prevcfe nctanctlkcnagta qua c fagslfcfa fa kcnpe ncigìtlke ge lgtarler fcs asplrcs (ge gòkhae) fe terûlfa ì fcfc per2 ⃙

O>

 θ . G . L   ?. θ . r

Jliurc 2 un Verûlfa O ‛ fagslfcfa fa kcnpe ncigìtlke ge lgtarler fe gòkhae fe terûlfa= θ - parnacolhlfcfa ncigìtlkc fe nale ge lgtarler fcs asplrcs fe terûlfa (gòkhae)=  G ‛ gònare fa asplrcs fc oeolgc oeolgc terelfch= L ‛ lgtagslfcfa fa kerragta ge kegfuter fc oeolgc, ]C^= r ‛ rcle nìfle fe terûlfa, ]n^.

Eosarvcéëe2 e rcle nìfle fe terûlfa ì e rcle fc klrkugjarâgklc ge nale fe gòkhae fe terûlfa, kene nestrc c Gëe pefagfe kegjugflr-sa ken e rcle axtarge eu lgtarge a gan ken e rcle fcs asplrcs.

 

3?

;. Zakt Zakter er Kc Kcnpe npe Ncigì Ncigìtlke tlke Lgfuter Lgfuter ‛ J Jeréc eréc Ncig Ncigatlzc atlzcgta gta [a, pcrc unc fcfc oeolgc ncgtlvarnes c kerragta kegstcgta a nufcrnes e nctarlch fe gòkhae gòk hae (pa (parna rnaco colhl lhlfcf fcfaa θ fe nal nale), e), c fagsl fagslfcf fcfaa fa jhuxe jhuxe ncigìt ncigìtlke lke ge lgtarl lgtarler er fc  oeolgc sarã chtarcfc chtarcfc an jugéëe fc parnacolhlf parnacolhlfcfa cfa ncigìtlkc fe nale. Pefa Pefanes nes kdcncr  fa Zakter Kcnpe Ncigìtlke Lgfuter eu   Zakter Jeréc Ncigatlzcgta (D) ce kcnpe ncigìtlke lgfuzlfe (iarcfe) pahc kerragta ahìktrlkc gc oeolgc, lgfapagfagtanagta fc  parnacolhlfcfa ncigìtlkc fe nc nctarlch tarlch fe gòkhae (na (nale). le). E vakter fagslfcfa fa kcnpe ncigìtlke gc oeolgc pefa sar fcfe per2

E nûfuhe fe vakter kcnpe ncigìtlke lgfuter eu vakter jeréc ncigatlzcgta D gunc  oeolgc pefa sar sar fcfe per2  D >

 G . L  h

E Zakter D tan cs nasncs kcrcktarîstlkcs fa erlagtcéëe fe Zater Fagslfcfa fa Kcnpe Ncigìtlke (Fagslfcfa fa Jhuxe) O, perìn lgfapagfa fe tlpe fa nctarlch fe gòkhae fc  oeolgc. C uglfcfa fe Zater Kcnpe Ncigìtlke Lgfuter ì Cnpära-asplrc per natre,  C.a/n.

Pefa-sa, pertcgte, kegkhulr qua es vakteras Fagslfcfa fa Kcnpe Ncigìtlke a Kcnpe Ncigìtlke Lgfuter sa rahcklegcn pahc aqucéëe2 O> θ . D  Lsse sligljlkc qua unc fcfc oeolgc parkerrlfc per unc fcfc kerragta prefuz unc fcfc Jeré Je récc Nc Ncig igat atlz lzcg cgta ta eu Kcnp Kcnpee Nc Ncig igìt ìtlk lkee Lg Lgfu fute ter. r. [a vc vcrl rlcr crne ness e vc vche herr fc  parnacolhlfcfa ncigìtlkc fe nale (chtarcgfe e nctarlch fe gòkhae fc oeolgc, per  axanphe) c Fagslfcfa fa Kcnpe Ncigìtlke vcrlc pcrc astc nasnc oeolgc. Sucgte ncler c parnacolhlfcfa ncigìtlkc θ fe nale, e ajalte fc Jeréc Ncigatlzcgta (Kcnpe Ncigìtlke Lgfuter) D ge gòkhae sarã tcgte ncler, eu sabc ncler c Fagslfcfa fa Kcnpe Ncigìtlke lgfuzlfc ge gòkhae. Pefanes, pertcgte, agtagfar c Fagslfcfa fa Kcnpe

 

3;

Ncig Nc igìt ìtlk lkee (F (Fag agsl slfc fcfa fa fa Jhux Jhuxe) e) kene kene e aj ajal alte te fa unc unc fa fata tarn rnlg lgcf cfcc Jeré Jerécc Ncig Nc igat atlz lzcg cgta ta (fa (fa un Kc Kcnp npee Nc Ncig igìt ìtlk lkee Lg Lgfu fute ter) r) gu gun n fa fata tarn rnlg lgcf cfee nale nale fa  parnacolhlfcfa ncigìtlkc θ. C Fagslfcfa fa Jhuxe Ncigìtlke O ì e ajalte fc Jeréc Ncigatlzcgta D gun nale θ. Cgchei Cgc heicn cnagt agta, a, pef pefane aness fatar fatarnlg nlgcr cr c Jer Jeréc éc Nciga Ncigatlz tlzcgt cgtaa D prefuz prefuzlfc lfc per un kegfuter raktlhîgae, pcrc unc asplrc klrkuhcr a pcrc unc oeolgc terelfch2 Fava-sa

  Per un kegfuter raktlhîgae2  D > Per unc asplrc klrkuhcr2

 D >

Per unc oeolgc terelfch2  D >

  L  ?.π.r

  L  ?._   G . L  ?.π.r

tar

an

nagta

qua

c

 parnacolhlfcfa ncigìtlkc fa un nctarlch jarrejar re-nci ncigìt gìtlke lke gëe ì kegstc kegstcgta gta.. Ì unc rahcé rah céëe ëe ag agtra tra c Jeréc Jeréc Ncigat Ncigatlzc lzcgta gta a c Fagslfcfa fa Jhuxe Ncigìtlke rasuhtcgta. Assc  θ>

rahcéëe

ì

fcfc

per2

 O  D 

Kegkhusëe2 iagarlkcnagta jchcgfe, e kcnpe ahaktrencigìtlke rasuhtcgta gun fcfe  pegte fapagfa2 fapagfa2 Fc lgtagslfcfa fc kerragta= Fc jernc fe kegfuter (rakte, asplrc eu sehagûlfa)= Fe nale (parnacolhlfcfa ncigìtlkc)= Fcs flnagsñas= Fe gònare fa asplrcs = Jeréc NcigateNetrlz=  C lgtagslfcfa fa un Kcnpe Ncigìtlke Lgfuter (Jeréc Ncigatlzcgta) D gunc oeolgc fapagfa fc lgtagslfcfa fc kerragta qua jhul gunc fcfc qucgtlfcfa fa asplrcs. Sucgte ncler c kerragta, ncls jerta e kcnpe ncigìtlke. Chìn flsse, qucgte ncls asplrcs, ncls kegkagtrcfcss astcrëe cs hlgdcs fa kcnpe. kegkagtrcfc Pefanes fajlglr Jeréc Ncigate-Netrlz JNN kene c kcusc fc prefuéëe fe jhuxe ge gòkhae fa un klrkulte ncigìtlke, cgcheicnagta à jeréc ahatre-netrlz qua prefuz e jhuxe fa kcrics ahìktrlkcs (kerragta) an un klrkulte ahìktrlke. C Jeréc Ncigate-Netrlz  prefuzlfc per unc unc oeolgc ì fc fcfc fc pahe prefute  JNN > G . L 

Egfa2 JNN ‛ Jeréc Ncigate-Netrlz, an Cnpära-asplrc ]C a^   G ‛ Gònare fa asplrcs=

 

36

L ‛ Lgtagslfcfa fc kerragta ahìtrlkc, an Cnpäras ]C^.  [a un uncc oeo oeolgc lgc,, ke ken n un ka karte rte gònar gònaree fa Cnpära Cnpära-as -asplr plrcc (JNN),  jer astlkcfc ctì ctlgilr e feore fe sau kenprlnagte erlilgch (astcranes feorcgfe e vcher fa h ), ), c Jeréc Ncigatlzcgta D a c Fagslfcfa Fagslfcfa fa Jhuxe O, tarã c natcfa fesa fesauu vcher erlilgch, pels2 O>

 θ . G . L   =a h

egfa2 JNN ‛ Jeréc Ncigate-Netrlz, ]Ca^ D ‛ Jeréc Ncigatlzcgta eu Kcnpe Ncigìtlke Lgfuter,

 G . L   D > h

]Ca/n^=

Kene

h - Kenprlnagte nìfle fe kcnlgde fe

 JNN > G . L  Agtëe  D >

 JNN    h

klrkulte ncigìtlke,

]n^. Eosa Eo sarv rvcé céëe ëe22 E kenp kenprl rlna nagt gtee nìfl nìflee fe kc kcnl nlgd gdee fe klrkulte ncigìtlke ì e kenprlnagte tetch fa unc hlgdc

A jlgchnagta,

fa kcnpe peslklegcfc ge kagtre fe gòkhae, kene nestrc

 JNN > D .h .h

c hlgdc fa kcnpe irljcfc gc jliurc2

Jliurc2 Kenprlnagte nìfle fe kcnlgde fe klrkulte ncigìtlke. [coagfe qua c _ahutïgklc Ncigìtlkc ì fcfc per2  h  _ >  θ . C

A qua  θ>

 O  D 

[uostltulgfe unc geutrc tan-sa  _ >

 D . h O. C

Kene e jhuxe ncigìtlke ì fcfe per  ϊ > O . C Van-sa  JNN   _ >   ϊ

 JNN   _

Eu clgfc  ϊ >

 

31

Astc aqucéëe ì cgãheic à Hal fa Edn, egfa c _aslstâgklc ahìktrlkc ì fcfc pahc rahcéëe agtra c Vagsëe a c Kerragta, eeuu sabc2  L >

  kcusc Z   Pels cqul tan-sa ajalte > epesléce  _

C kcusc ì c Jeréc Ncigate-Netrlz (cgãheic à Vagsëe Ahìktrlkc)= e ajalte qua ahc  prevekc ì e Jhuxe Ncigìtlke (cgãheie ce Jhuxe fa Kcrics, kerragta ahìktrlkc) a c epesléëe ce ajalte ì c _ahutïgklc Ncigìtlkc (cgãheic à _aslstâgklc Ahìktrlkc). Ctrcvìs fassa agtagflnagte, es klrkultes ncigìtlkes (eu kcnlgdes ncigìtlkes) pefan sar cgchlscfes kene klrkultes ahìktrlkes, kene nestrc c cgcheilc fc jliurc j liurc qua sa saiua.

Jliurc2 Klrkulte ncigìtlke jakdcfe ken gòkhae fa jarre-ncigìtlke a sau aqulvchagta ahìktrlke. Eosarvcéëe2 Cpascr fc cgcheilc agtra klrkultes ahìktrlkes a ncigìtlkes, favanes tar an nagta qua e jhuxe ncigìtlke ϊ ì astcoahaklfe ge gòkhae ctrcvìs fc chtarcéëe fc astruturc ctûnlkc fe gòkhae favlfe à prassëe axtargc fc jeréc ncigate-netrlz (JNN) a gëe ì unc naflfc fe jhuxe fa pcrtîkuhcs kcrraicfcs, kene c kerragta ahìktrlkc.

C Hal fa Cnpara Fã unc rahcéëe iarch agtra unc kerragta ahìktrlkc an un kegfuter fa quchquar jernc a e kcnpe ncigìtlke per aha prefuzlfe. Astc hal jel prepestc heie cpûs c faskeoartc fa Earstaf. [abc un kegfuter parkerrlfe per unc fcfc kerragta ctrcvìs fa unc ãrac rahctlvc c unc hlgdc fa kcnpe, kene nestrc c jliurc 6.33. [a kegslfarcrnes un vakter fc hlgdc fa kcnpe fa kenprlnagte Lgjlgltaslnch fℛ, asta sarã pcrchahe ce vakter fagslfcfa fa kcnpe ncigìtlke O. C rahcéëe fc Hal fa Cnpara ì fcfc per2

∧ O . f h> θ . L  e

  Egfa2

agv

O‛ vakter fagslfcfa fa kcnpe ncigìtlke, ] V ^= fℛ- vakter fa kenprlnagte lgjlgltaslnch pcrchahe ce vakter O, ]n^=

 

3:

 L agv ‛ kerragta pcsscgfe gc ãrac fe kegfuter agvehvlfc pahc hlgdc fa kcnpe ncigìtlke

an cgãhlsa, ]C^. Ì vãhlfc pcrc quchquar sltucéëe egfa es kegfuteras a es kcnpes ncigìtlkes sëe kegstcgtas a lgvcrlcgtas ge tanpe a san c prasagéc fa nctarlcls ncigìtlkes. [a kegslfarcrnes un kegfuter raktlhîgae, kene e fc jliurc 6.33, pefanes cphlkcr c Hal fa Cnpära2 Jeréc ahaktrencigì ahaktrencigìtlkc tlkc agtra kegfuteras.  θe . L >∧ O . f h >O .∧ f h >O . ( ? . θ . r )Cssln O>

  θ . L  ?.π.r

Sua ì c nasnc aqucéëe qua fatarnlgc c fagslfcfa fa kcnpe ncigìtlke an un fcfe  pegte p an terge fa un kegfute kegfuterr raktlhîgae.

Jliurc2 Hlgdc fa kcnpe an terge fa un kegfuter parkerrlfe per kerragta.

6. Jeré Jerécc ahaktre ahaktrencig ncigìtlkc ìtlkc an un un ke kegfute gfuterr raktlhîg raktlhîgae ae Qn ke kegfu gfuter ter rak raktlh tlhîga îgae, e, quc qucgfe gfe ctr ctrcva cvassc sscfe fe per  unc kerragta ahìktrlkc a suonatlfe à ckéëe fa un kcnp kcnpee ncig ncigìt ìtlk lke, e, se sejra jra c ckéë ckéëee fa un uncc jeré jerécc ncigìtlkc. Kene c kerragta ahìktrlkc ì un kegbugte fa kcrics an nevlnagte erfagcfe, c jeréc c qua e kegfuter  jlkc subalte ì c rasuhtcgta fe kegbugte fa jerécs qua cktucn gcs kcrics an nevlnagte. Kegslfara-sa g e gònare fa kcrics q qua ctrcvasscn e kegfuter an un fatarnlgcfe lgtarvche fa tanpe  Ζt  a  a e kenprlnagte fe kegfuter kegslfarcfe. [eora c kcric q, tan-sa c saiulgta cktucéëe fa jeréc ncigìtlkc2

 

39

 J n >|q|. Z . O s a g δ [eora e kegfuter tan-sa2 ,

⃙

⃙

,

 J n>n . J n  Suar flzar,

⃙

⃙

 J n>n .|q|.Z . O sagδ

[agfe c vaheklfcfa Z  e queklagta fe kenprlnagte pahe lgtarvche fa tanpe, eotìn-sa2  J  >n .|q|.

⃙

 h

 . Osagδ ∊ t   g Kene |q|.  . l ì liuch c kerragta ahìktrlkc l kdaic-sa c axprassëe2  J n>l .h .Osagδ ∊ t  ⃙

n

Axanphes2 3. Kcrcktarlzcr c jeréc ncigìtlkc sejrlfc pahe kegfuter gcs sltucéñas c saiulr, egfa axlsta c ckéëe fe kcnpe ncigìtlke O.

c)

o)

k)

f)

_asehuéëe2  cs sltucéñas sëe rasehvlfcs cphlkcgfe c rairc fc nëe asquarfc. 3.c)  J n>0 = 3 o) . o)  J n>0 = 3.k)   J n= 3.f)   J n ?. j les   Qn kegfuter ì suspagse an un kcnpe ncigìtlke O per fels jles fa pa pase se fa fasp spra razî zîva vah, h, kegj kegjer erna na ne nest strc rc c jli jliur urcc ce hc hcfe fe.. Such Such c lgtagslfcfa fe kcnpe ncigìtlke pcrc qua c ctrckéëe ges jles sabc guhc5 E kegfuter tan ncssc 3,0.30∟? mi a kenprlnagte 0,1 n  a c lgtagslfcfa fc kerragta qua e ctrcvassc vcha 3,0 C. Fcfe i> 30

n

fava sar liuch ce pase fe jle. Heie2 [ehuéëe2 C jeréc ncigìtlkc, gastcs kegfléñas, ∟? 3,0 . 3 0 . 30 ∟3  J n> P  O.l.h.sag δ >n . i O> O> ? . 30 V  ⃙ ⇟

⃙ ⇟

⃙ ⇟

3,0 . 0,1

1. Jeré Jerécc ncigìtlk ncigìtlkcc agtra agtra fels fels kegfuter kegfuteras as pcrcha pcrchahes hes Kegslfara fels jles kegfuteras pcrchahes fa kenprlnagtes liucls a sapcrcfes pahc raspaktlvcnag cnagta. ta. [abcn [abcn O3  e vakter  flstïg fls tïgklc klc f, parke parkerrlf rrlfes es pah pahcs cs ker kerrag ragtas tas l3  a l?, raspaktlv ⃙

l? lgfuéëe ncigìtlkc lgfuéë lgf uéëee nci ncigì gìtlk tlkcc pre prefuz fuzlfe lfe per l  eg egfa fa aast  stã θã ll?3  a O?, e  θvakter O?>   .  a  O3>  . ? π  f  prefuzlfe per l? egfa astã l 3. Es vakteras O3 a? Oπ ?, ftân sagtlfes fatarnlgcfes pahc rairc kcnpes O ? sëees fc nëe asquarfc. Cs lgtagslfcfas fa O3 aKene fcfcs per2 ncigìtlkes astëe an phcges  parpagflkuhcras  parpagflkuhc ras ces jles, tan-sa2 ⃙

⃙

 J n > O? . l 3 . h ⟼ J n > ⃙

⃙

3

⃙

3

  θ l3 . l ?  .   .h ? π  f

Cs jerécs ncigìtlkcs c qua es jles j les sëe suonatlfes tân e nasne vcher. Cssln2

   

l .l

⃙

34

C jeréc sarã fa ctrckéëe qucgfe cs kerragtas jeran ge nasne sagtlfe= fa rapuhsëe, qucgfe an sagtlfes epestes.

Axanphes c) Fels Fels jles jles ra rakt ktes es a pc pcrc rcha hahe hess fa ircgfa kenprlnagte astëe sapcrcfes  per unc flstïgklc fa ?0 kn. Cs kerragtas qua parkerran es jles sëe fa vcher liuch c 30 C ge nasne sagtlfe. Fatarnlga c jeréc ncigìtlkc per uglfcfa fa kenprlnagte agtra es jles.

[ehuéëe2 ∟6 Kegslfarcgfee qua,  θe >6 π .3 0 Kegslfarcgf

  G  n

 J n  J n 6 π .3 0∟ 9   3 0?  G    θ l3 . l ?   . ⟼   >3 0∟6   >  .   .h ⟼   > ∟? h n h h ? π  ? π  f ?0 . 30

 J n

:. Jeré Jerécc ahaktrenc ahaktrencigìtl igìtlkc kc seor seoraa unc kcr kcric ic ge sale fa un kkcnpe cnpe nc ncigìtl igìtlke ke Zarljlkc-sa axparlnagtchnagta qua, qucgfe unc kcric ahìktrlkc fa vcher q  neva-sa an ⃙

un kcnpe ncigìtlke, jlkc suonatlfc à ckéëe fa unc jeréc. Astc jeréc ì fagenlgcfc jeréc ncigìtlkc eu jeréc fa Heragtz. Kegslfara unc kcric q pesltlvc nevlnagtcgfe-sa ken vaheklfcfa v an un kcnpe ncigìtlke fa lgfuéëe O. Zarljlkc-sa qua c kcric sejra ⃙

ckéëe fa unc jeréc ncigìtlkc  J n kubc flrakéëe ì parpagflkuhcr ce phcge jerncfe per  O a tcnoìn c v. ⃙

C lgtagslfcfa fc jeréc ncigìtlkc ì  preperklegch c O, q , v a ce sage fe ⃙

⃙

⃙

ïgiuhe jerncfe agtra v a O. ⃙

Lste pefa sar axprasse kene sagfe cs 6 prlgkl prlgklpcl pclss kc kcrck rcktar tarîst îstlkc lkcss fc jer jeréc éc ncigìtlk lkcc seora unc kcric an nevlnagte an un kcnpe ncigìtlke2

 

3<

3. Ì preperklegch ce nûfuhe fc kcric, q, fc pcrtîkuhc ( J  q ). ∸

?. Ì preperklegch ce nefuhe fe kcnpe ncigìtlkeO , ( J  q ) ∸

;. Ì preperklegch c vaheklfcfa v fc pcrtîkuhc ( J  v ) . ∸

⃙

6. Gëe pessul c nasnc flrakéëe fe kcnpe ncigìtlke O. Astã sanpra an unc flrakéëe parpagflkuhcr c flrakéëe fa O ì c flrakéëe fa v. ⃙

Asscs kcrcktarîstlkcs, pefan sar rasunlfcs nctanctlkcnagta per2  J > q v x O ⃙

 J n > q . v . O sagδ

⃙

⃙

⃙

 eu tcnoìn || E sagtlfe fe vakter jeréc ncigìtlkc ì fcfe pahc rairc fc nëe asquarfc, kegjerna c jliurc c saiulr. E lgflkc lgflkcfer fer rapr raprasa asagtc gtc e sag sagtlf tlfee fa O, e fafe nìfle, e sagtlfe fa v, a e pehaicr, e ⃙

sagtlfe fa

 J  

Pcrc Pcrc un uncc kcri kcricc ahìk ahìktr trlk lkcc

gaictlvc, e sagtlfe fc jeréc sarã epeste ce jergaklfe pahc rairc fc nëe asquarfc.

Axanphes2 3. Kcrc Kcrcktarl ktarlza za c jjeréc eréc ncigì ncigìtlkc tlkc qqua ua ck cktuc tuc se seora ora c kcric kcric q  an kcfc kcse, kegjerna cs jliurcs. (Geta-sa qua uscgfe c rairc fc nëe asquarfc an tefes es kcses kdaic-sa c sehuéëe)2

c)

 o)

:.3.

= sehuéëe2

= sehuéëe2

Nafléëe f faa kkccnpes n nccigìtlkes kkeen kkccrics f faa ta tasta

 

?0

Pcrc naflr un kcnpe ncigìtlke O pefa-sa naflr e nûfuhe, flrakéëe a sagtlfe fc Jeréc qua cktuc an unc kcric fa tasta q e uscgfe c aqucéëe, ⃙

sag δ   J >q v x O  eu  J n>|q|. v . O sag ⃙

⃙

⃙

⃙

Axanphe2 Qnc kcric ahìktrlkc pugtljerna fa

∟:

;0.30

 n

, ken vaheklfcfa fa 300 , pagatrc an un s

K 

kcnpe ncigìtlke ugljerna fa 0,3 V , jer ncgfe un ïgiuhe fa :0 ° ken e nasne. Fatarnlga c lgtagslfcfa fc jeréc qua pcssc c cktucr seora c kcric.

_asehuéëe ∟:

 J n >|q|. v . O sag sag δ ⇟ J n>;0.30 . 300.0,3 sag :0 ° ⇟ J n > ?,: . 30 G 

⃙

⃙

:.?.

⃙

⃙

⃙

Kegsaquâgklcs fc ckéëe fc je jerréc ncigìtlkc

Sucgfe un kcnpe ncigìtlke astã prasagta an iarch un jalxa fa ahaktrñas sa fasvlc. Kegslfara-sa unc kcric q  pagatrcgfe an un kcnpe ncigìtlke ugljerna pcrc cs saiulgtas sltucéñas2 L. C kcric pagatrc jerncgfe j erncgfe un ïgiuhe fa 0° eu 340° ken e kcnpe ncigìtlke. Kene e sage fassas ïgiuhes ì guhe, c kcric gëe sejra ckéëe fc jeréc ncigìtlkc.

LL. C kcric pagatrc jerncgfe un ïgiuhe fa  J k ⇟

⃙

⃙

⃙

⃙

 _

?

 _ >

  ⇟

 n. v   |q|. O ⃙

An qua n ì c ncssc fc pcrtîkuhc kcrraicfc ken kcric q a _ ì e rcle fc klrkugjarâgklc qua raprasagtc c trcbaktûrlc fc kcric. ? πn

Kene e parîefe V ge NKQ  vcha  vcha

 , suostltulgfe an  _ tanes2

v V >µ 

? π    n . v

v

 .

|q|. O ⃙

⇟

V >

 ? πn

|q|. O ⃙

LLL. [a c kcric jer hcgécfc eohlqucnagta ce kcnpe ncigìtlke. Pcrc assa kcse, c vaheklfcfa sa fakenpña an fucs. Qnc kenpegagta tan c flrakéëe fa O a kcusc un nevl ne vlna nagt gtee ra rakt ktlh lhîg îgae ae a ug uglj ljer erna na (N_Q (N_Q)= )= c eu eutr trcc ke kenp npeg egag agta ta ta tan n c fl flra raké kéëe ëe  parpagflkuhcrr c Oa kcusc un nevlnagte klrkuhcr a ugljerna (NKQ).  parpagflkuhc C suparpesléëe fe N_Q a fe NKQ rasuhtc an un nevlnagte dahlkelfch a uglj ugljer erna na.. [u [ucc trcb trcbak aktû tûrlc rlc jern jerncc un uncc jliurc fagenlgcfc dìhlka klhîgfrlkc.

Axanphe2   ì hcgécfc parpagflkuhcrnagta c un Qnc pcrtîkuhc fa ncssc 30∟4 mi  a kcric ?,0.30: K  ì 6

kcnpe ncigìtlke ugljerna fa lgtagslfcfa 3.000 V  ken   ken vaheklfcfa 30

 n . [coagfe-sa s

qua c pcrtîkuhc ctlgia e pegte P fc phckc, fatarnlga e slgch fc kcric a c flstïgklc agtra e  pegte P a c jagfc. jagfc. Pahc rairc fc nëe asquarfc, fatarnlgcnes e sagtlfe fc jeréc a kegkhuînes qua e slgch fc kcric ì pesltlve. C flstïgklc fc jagfc ce pegte P vcha2 ∟4

30

mi . 30

6

 n s

 n . v ⇟ ? f > _ > ⇖ f > ?.1 kn : ; |q|. O ?,0 . 30 K . 30

 _ >

⃙

 

??

9. Kegkhusëe Jlgfcs cs flskussñas fasta trcochde jercn kehdlfes rasuhtcfes jrutîjares qua fastckcnes2 fastckcnes2 Qn kcnpe ncigìtlke pefa sar krlcfe ctrcvìs fe nevlnagte fa kcrics ahìktrlkcs, tch kene e jhuxe fa kerragta gun kegfuter   qqua ì erlilgcfe pahe nenagte fa ilre fe flpehe ncigìtlke  a pahe nenagte fc ûroltc fe flpehe ncigìtlke fa un ahaktrëe fagtre fa un ãtene. Asta kcnpe ncigìtlk ãtene. ncigìtlkee erlil erlilgcfe gcfe per unc kerragta ahìktrl ahìktrlkc kc kdcnc-sa kdcnc-sa Kcnpe Ahaktrencigìtlke. Chìn Chìn fes fes în înës ës gc gctu turc rcls ls (n (nci ciga gatlt tltc) c) a es înës înës pa parn rncg cgag agta tass ja jalt ltes es fa ncta nctarlc rlcls ls ncigatlzcfes, pefanes iarcr kcnpes ncigìtlkes ctrcvìs fc kerragta ahìktrlkc an kegfuteras. [a astas kegfuteras tlvaran c jernc fa asplrcs eu oeolgcs pefanes iarcr  kcnpes ncigìtlkes nulte lgtagses. Qn kegfuter an jernc fa asplrc klrkuhcr qucgfe parkerrlfe per kerragta ahìktrlkc ì kcpcz fa kegkagtrcr cs hlgdcs fa kcnpe ncigìtlke ge lgtarler fc asplrc2 Lsse sligljlkc qua c fagslfcfa fa kcnpe ncigìtlke rasuhtcgta ge lgtarler fc asplrc ì ncler qua c prefuzlfc pahc nasnc kerragta ge kegfuter raktlhîgae. Zarljlkc-sa axparlnagtchnagta qua, qucgfe unc kcric ahìktrlkc fa vcher q  neva-sa an ⃙

un kcnpe ncigìtlke, jlkc suonatlfc à ckéëe fa unc jeréc. Astc jeréc ì fagenlgcfc jeréc ncigìtlkc eu jeréc fa Heragtz. Zarljlkc-sa qua c kcric sejra ckéëe fa unc jeréc ncigìtlkc kubc flrakéëe ì parpagflkuhcr ce phcge jerncfe pahe kcnpe ncigìtlke a tcnoìn c suc vaheklfcfa.

 

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_ajarâgklcs olohleirãjlkcs 3. [AC_[ a RANCG[M\=  Jîslkc ; - Ahatrencigatlsne= 3?ª Aflé Afléëe= ëe= Aflterc2 Aflterc2 Pacrseg - Cfflsseg cgf Yashay= Orcslh= ?033. ?. OE OE[S [SQL QLHD HDC, C, Chas Chassc scgf gfrc rc a PA PAHA HAI_ I_LG LGL, L, Nãrk Nãrkle le==  Nlglncguch kenpckte fa  Jlslkc2 taerlc a prãtlkc= ?ª Afléëe= Aflterc2 _LFAAH= [ëe Pcuhe 2 _lfaah, ;.

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NQ[[EL, Jargcgfe Hulz _esc= Jugfcnagtes fa Ahatrencigatlsne= varsëe 3 a ?= JHE_LCGÛPEHL[= ?001.