September 21, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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EOYNÐD ENL []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD NF L@ NC[]NY@ CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EN EDYP^NM]@E@Y
@FE]N@ H^LO@F@ AÙCNX A^UOÏ]]NX A^UOÏ]]NX - I.I. 59?1=51: LOF@ C@]Ã@ LDX@FD A]@ A]@H@LNY H@LNY - I.I. 5=05;717
[rdynitd en ar`ed p`r` dpt`r nl tãtuld en Ofanfonrd Ofeustro`l
Eornitdr I@]LDY H^LOD @]]D_@ZN [NLÀNX Ofanfonrd Ofeustro`l
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
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ENEOI@UD]O@
@ Eods, quonf idf su ofcnfsd `cdr fds g` e`ed l`s junrz`s fnins`ro`s p`r` ldar`r funstrds prdpùsotds.
9
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@A]@ENIOCONFUDY
L`s @utdr`s ensn`f `ar`eninr `8 Funstrds p`erns pdr su `pdyd y v`lods` nxpnronfio`. Funstrds gohds pdr su ofjofotd `cdr. Funstrds j`colo`rns pdr su `yue` y idcp`ðã` idfst`ftn. Udeds lds `coads qun g`f irnãed nf funstrd irnioconftd pnrsdf`l y qun en uf` u dtr` c`fnr` idftromuynrdf p`r` l` rn`loz`ioùf en nstn prdynitd. Funstrds prdjnsdrns y `coads en l` ^fovnrsoe`e Unifdlùaoi` en [nrnor` pdr su `pdrtn y idfdioconftds nf su l`mdr. Ofa. I@]LDY H^LOD @]]D_@ZN [NLÀNX, Eornitdr enl Ur`m`hd en Ar`ed, pdr `idcp`ð`rfds y `yue`rfds nf tded cdcnftd.
5
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U@ML@ EN IDFUNFOED [àa. 0;
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0.5 YOYUNC@UOX@IOÙF ENL []DMLNC@ 0.> GO[ÙUNYOY 0.: DMHNUOZD ANFN]@L
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0.1 DMHNUOZDY NY[NIOJOIDY 0.7 H^YUOJOI@IOÙF ENL NYU^EOD I@[OU^LD OO. C@]ID EN ]NJN]NFIO@ =.0 C@]ID UNÙ]OID =.= C@]ID IDFIN[U^@L =.9 C@]ID FD]C@UOZD I@[OU^LD OOO. EOYNÐD CNUDEDLÙAOID 9.0 IDMN]U^]@ ENL NYU^EOD 9.= EOYU]OM^IODF EN L@ [DML@IODF
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>.= []DINYD _ []DINEOCONFUDY >.=.0 Oenftojoi`ioùf en lds [rdinsd Nstr`tïaoids, Cosodf`lns, en @pdyd y en Nv`lu`ioùf >.=.= Ensiropioùf en Ofeoi`edrns en Anstoùf >.=.9 Ensiropioùf en l`s Z`ro`mlns en Anstoùf >.=.5 C`fu`l en [rdinsd y [rdineoconftds en l` ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD Guc`fd >.9 NZ@L^@IOÙF ENL ENYNC[NÐD [D] IDC[NUNFIO@Y 9:;¸ >.9.0 [runm` y Z`loe`ioùf en l`s Idcpntnfio`s Idcpntnfio`s
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>.9.= Enjofoioùf en l`s Idcpntnfio`s idf sus rnspnitovds Ar`eds >.5 C@F^@L EN J^FIODFNY [D] IDC[NUNFIO@Y I@[OU^LD ZO. IDFIL^YODFNY _ ]NIDCNFE@IODFNY ]NIDCNFE@IODFNY :.0 IDFIL^YODFNY :.= ]NIDCNFE@I ]NIDCNFE@IODFNY ODFNY MOMLODA]@JO@
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LOYU@ EN U@ML@Y
U`ml` Fd. 0 Eostromuioùf en l` [dml`ioùf U`ml` Fd. = Føcnrd en Ncpln`eds Ncpln`eds pdr I`rad U`ml` Fd. 9 Eostromuioùf en lds Ncpln`eds en `iunred ` su fovnl en Nsidl`roe`e U`ml` Fd. 5 Eo`afùstoid Dra`foz`iod Dra`foz`iodf`l f`l U`ml` Fd. > @fàlosos Oftnrfd Jdrt`lnz`s U`ml` Fd. : @fàlosos Oftnrfd Enmoloe`ens U`ml` Fd. 1 @fàlosos Nxtnrfd Dpdrtufoe`ens U`ml` Fd. 7 @fàlosos Nxtnrfd @cnf`z`s @cnf`z`s U`ml` Fd. ? C`troz EDJ@ U`ml` Fd. 0; Ofeoi`edrns en Anstoùf
1
[àa. 9? 9? 5; 50 5> 5: 51 57 5? >7
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 7 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
LOYU@ EN A]ÀJOIDY
Aràjoid Fd.0 Uïifoi` en @ecofostr`ioùf @ecofostr`i oùf en U`lnftds Guc`fds Aràjoid Fd.= Dra`foar`c` [rdpunstd Aràjoid Fd.9 C`p` en [rdinsds
7
[àa. => >> >1
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
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LOYU@ EN JDUDA]@JÃ@Y
[àa. 09 0? 90
Jdtdar`jã` Fd. 0 Anrnfio` Jdtdar`jã` Fd. = Ynirnt`rã` Jdtdar`jã` Fd. 9 Eorniioùf Idcnrio`l
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
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]NY^CNF
Nstn tr`m`hd prnsnft` uf` prdpunst` en cdenld en ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD p`r` l` Ncprns` CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. idf l` ocplncnft`ioùf en uf [l`f en @iioùf p`r` su nhniuioùf. Yn nl`mdr`f lds idfinptds rnl`iodf`eds idf nl Eorniiodf`conftd Nstr`tïaoid ` p`rtor en l` enjofoioùf enl tïrcofd Nstr`tnao`, qun idcøfcnftn sn utoloz` p`r` rnjnrorsn ` uf` jufioùf en l` Anstoùf Dra`foz`iodf`l. Nl gdcmrn idcmof` l` g`moloe`e f`tur`l en lds snrns vovds, qun ens`rrdll`f nstr`tnao`s oftnloanftns n oftuotov`s en supnrvovnfio` jrnftn ` l`s ioriufst`fio`s y nfncoads qun eojoiult`f su ldard, idf l` i`p`ioe`e en pnriomor l` rn`loe`e p`r` ens`rrdll`r nstr`tnao`s qun pnrcot`f nl iucploconftd en uf dmhntovd entnrcof`ed, cneo`ftn uf` irn`ioùf nstruitur`e` cnft`lcnftn idfdioe` idcd [nfs`conftd Nstr`tïaoid.
Ns pdr nlld, qun cneo`ftn nl prdinsd en [l`fn`ioùf Nstr`tïaoi` sn enjofn l` dronft`ioùf en lds prdeuitds y snrvoiods en l` Ncprns` g`io` nl cnri`ed ` l` luz en lds rniursds, en l`s dpdrtufoe`ens y `cnf`z`s enl nftdrfd y en lds profiopods idrpdr`tovds2 en oau`l c`fnr` sn entnrcof`f `iiodfns idf nl dmhntovd en s`tosj`inr dpdrtuf` y `eniu`e`cnftn l`s fninsoe`ens en lds ilonftns y `iiodfost`s. M`hd nstn c`rid, sn nstoc` uf` snron en idcpdfnftns en l` Dra`foz`ioùf idcd sdf nl Eo`afùstoid Dra`foz`iodf`l, nl [nrjol en I`p`ioe`ens, l` C`troz EDJ@ y lds J`itdrns Il`vns en Ïxotd, qun j`iolot`f l` idcprnfsoùf en lds eovnrsds nlncnftds en l` Jdrcul`ioùf Nstr`tïaoi` en l` [rdpunst`, qun ofiluyn nl Eorniiodf`conftd Nstr`tïaoid, l` Nstruitur` Dra`foz`iodf`l rnqunroe`, rnqunroe`, nl [rdar`c` en Ofeuiioùf, nl [rdar`c` en Monfnst`r
0;
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
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Ydio`l, nl [rdar`c` en Nv`lu`ioùf enl Ensncpnðd, nl C`p` en [rdinsds, lds [rdineoconftds y l`s Jufiodfns enl [nrsdf`l en l` Ncprns`.
00
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
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@MYU]@IU
Ugos p`pnr prnsnfts ` prdpdsne cdenl dj Guc`f U`lnft C`f`ancnft jdr tgn Nftnrprosn CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. wotg ocplncnftofa `f `itodf pl`f jdr ots nxniutodf. ]nl`tne idfinpts `rn envnldpne wotg str`tnaoi eornitodf jrdc tgn enjofotodf dj str`tnay, idccdfly usne td rnjnr td ` jufitodf dj Dra`foz`todf`l C`f`ancnft. Gn idcmofns tgn f`tur`l `moloty dj lovofa mnofas2 tgny envnldp oftnlloanft `fe oftuotovn str`tnaons dj survov`l `a`ofst nfncons `fe ioriucst`fins tg`t gofenr tgnor `igonvncnft, wotg tgn `moloty td pnrinovn rn`loty td envnldp str`tnaons jdr cnntofa ` spniojone ad`l my cnft`lly struiturne irn`todf bfdwf `s str`tnaoi tgofbofa. Ot os tgus tg`t tgrduag tgn Ytr`tnaoi [l`ffofa prdinss enjofns tgn dronft`todf dj tgn prdeuits `fe snrvoins dj tgn Idcp`fy td c`rbnt of loagt dj tgn rnsdurins, dppdrtufotons `fe tgrn`ts of tgn nfvordfcnft `fe idrpdr`tn profioplns, `rn nqu`lly entnrcofn `itodfs wotg tgn dmhnitovn dj tocnly `fe `enqu`tnly cnnt tgn fnnes dj iustdcnrs `fe sg`rngdlenrs. ^fenr tgos jr`cnwdrb, tgn nstoc`tne fucmnr dj idcpdfnfts suig `s tgn Dra`foz`todf @ssnsscnft Dra`foz`todf`l I`p`molotons [rdjolnr, YQDU C`trox `fe Bny Yuiinss J`itdrs tg`t j`iolot`tn tgn ufenrst`feofa dj tgn v`rodus str`tnaoi nlncnfts dj tgn prdpds`l, ofilueofa str`tnaoi c`f`ancnft, dra`foz`todf`l struiturn rnquorne, tgn Ofeuitodf [rdar`c, tgn Ydio`l Qnlj`rn [rdar`c, tgn [rdar`c [nrjdrc`fin @ssnsscnft, tgn c`p dj prdinssns, prdineurns `fe st`jj jufitodfs dj tgn Idcp`fy.
0=
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
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OFU]DE^IIOÙF Nl Eorniiodf`conftd Nstr`tïaoid ns uf ofstrucnftd cneo`ftn nl iu`l sn nst`mlninf lds profiop`lns nfjdquns, ldards nspnr`eds, ofeoi`edrns, ofioenfio` sdmrn nl c`p` nstr`tïaoid ofstotuiodf`l y prdinsds rnspdfs`mlns en l` anstoùf en l` nftoe`e, nf idfidre`fio` idf l` cosoùf, l` vosoùf y lds dmhntovds nst`mlnioeds nf lds pl`fns. Nstn eorniiodf`conftd ns nl ofsucd jufe`cnft`l p`r` nl ensplonaun en l` pl`fn`ioùf nstr`tïaoi` y dpnr`tov` nf l` dra`foz`ioùf, puns joh` lds lofn`conftds l ofn`conftds anfnr`l anfnr`lns ns qun dronft`ràf nl qung`inr ofstotuiodf`l. Jdtdar`jã` Fd.0. Anrnfio`
Nl Eosnðd enl []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD en l` Ncprns` CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. pdr p`rtn en sus `utdr`s, g` idft`ed idf l` p`rtoiop`ioùf `itov` en l` Eorniioùf Anfnr`l, quonf idf su dronft`ioùf y iddreof`ioùf pnrcotoù l` nl`mdr`ioùf en l`s prdpunst`s en lofn`conftds p`r` lds prdinsds, idcd sdf nl C`p` en [rdinsds en l` Nftoe`e, lds Dmhntovds, l`s [dlãtoi`s en I`loe`e, lds [rdar`c`s, lds [rdinsds, lds [rdineoconftds y l`s Jufiodfns, nftrn dtrds.
09
Junftn8 [rdpo`
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 05 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Idf m`sn nf lds eo`afùstoids en l` Dra`foz`ioùf sn nl`mdrù nl eosnðd enl []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD, uf` vnz nstruitur`ed nl Eorniiodf`conftd Nstr`tïaoid p`r` lds `ðds =;0; - =;0>, sonfed fnins`ro` su pumloi`ioùf y eovula`ioùf ` tdeds lds ncpln`eds en l` Ncprns`. Lds eds profiop`lns nlncnftds nf lds qun sn jdi`loz` nl [rdar`c` sdf8 0) @snaur`r nl iucploconftd en l` Cosoùf Ofstotuiodf`l y =) Idfsdloe`r nl Yostnc` en Anstoùf en I`loe`e. Enftrd en l` cosoùf ofstotuiodf`l sn nst`mlnin idcd prodroe`e en l` nftoe`e prnst`r snrvoiods en l` càs `lt` i`loe`e nf tr`cot`ioùf en ensiunftds idf enstofd ` supnrcnri`eds pdr nl sostnc` en lomr`fz`s. ]nsult` en i`pot`l ocpdrt`fio` r`tojoi`r qun lds snrvoiods en cnri`end y vnft`s jdrc`f p`rtn oftnar`l y jufe`cnft`l en l` cosoùf y pdr t`l r`zùf, nl Eorniiodf`conftd Nstr`tïaoid ofiluorà ldards nspniãjoids nf ns` c`tnro`. Nl snrvoiod ns uf nlncnftd inftr`l nf l` cosoùf ofstotuiodf`l y ` ïl sn enmn idftromuor ensen tde`s l`s ofst`fio`s en l` dra`foz`ioùf 0. Nf nl snaufed nlncnftd sn sumr`y` qun so monf lds prdinsds en `pdyd tonfnf rnspdfs`moloe`ens nspniãjoi`s nf c`tnro` en Anstoùf en I`loe`e, tdeds lds prdinsds ofstotuiodf`lns ofstotuiodf`lns enmnf idftromuor ` l` idfsdloe`ioùf en nstn sostnc`=. L` idfsniuioùf en lds sontn Dmhntovds en I`loe`e enjofoeds nf l` Ncprns` sn enmn prdcdvnr ensen tdeds lds prdineoconftds y prdinsds en l` dra`foz`ioùf, ofvdluir`fed ofvdluir`fe d l` tdt`loe`e en lds ncpln`eds en CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@.
0
GOIBY, Gnrmnt. @ecofostr`ioùf en Dra`foz`iodfns Dra`foz`iodfns ensen uf [uftd en Zost` en Yostnc`s Yostnc`s y ]niursds Guc`fds. C`eroe8 Neot. INIY@, 0?75. =
C@]OÐD, Gnrf`fed. [l`fn`ioùf Nstr`tïaoi` en l` I`loe`e tdt`l. Mdadtà E.I.8 Unrinr cufed Neotdrns, 0??9.
05
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Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 0> en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Nf nl prnsnftn tr`m`hd, sn ent`ll`f lds ofeoi`edrns p`r` vnrojoi`r su iucploconftd, su ofioenfio` sdmrn nl []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD y nl snð`l`conftd en lds prdinsds qun tonfnf l` rnspdfs`moloe`e en `li`fz`r nstds rntds.
0>
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
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I@[OU^LD O. NL []DMLNC@
0.0 @FUNINENFUNY EN L@ OEN@ Lds ncpln`eds sdf l`s pnrsdf`s qun pnrc`fninf y p`rtoiop`f en c`fnr` eornit` p`r` qun sn prdeuzi`f lds rnsult`eds nf l` ncprns`, idfstotuynf nl øfoid rniursd vovd y eofàcoid `pdrt`fed ` l` dra`foz`ioùf sus g`moloe`ens, idfdioconftds, `ptotuens, idfeuit`s y pnrinpiodfns, nf i`rads en eorniioùf, `ecofostr`ioùf, tïifoids u dmrnrds2 y ns ` ïstds ` quonfns sn lns enmn prdpoio`r prdpunst`s dra`foz`iodf`lns qun lns mrofenf nl `pdyd p`r` ens`rrdll`rsn nf su àrn` softonfed snauroe`e y monfnst`r prdpod y p`r` sus j`colo`s. Ns pdr nst`s r`zdfns, qun sn prdpdfn l` irn`ioùf en uf Enp`rt`cnftd nfi`ra`ed en l` Anstoùf enl U`lnftd Guc`fd p`r` ofoio`r uf prdinsd en rndra`foz`ioùf rndra`foz` ioùf en lds 01 ncpln`eds qun `itu`lcnftn l`mdr`f p`r` l` ncprns`, idf nl jof en cnhdr`r lds idstds, lds prdinsds y `v`fz`r ` uf fovnl funvd enftrd enl nftdrfd en su cnri`ed. Cnri`ncprns` Lte`. ns uf` dra`foz`ioùf qun eã` ` eã` nstà irnionfed, sof idft`r idf uf` nstruitur` `ecofostr`tov` oeùfn` qun ln pnrcot` nhniut`r nl ens`rrdlld guc`fd y dra`foz`iodf`l. @l fd idft`r idf prdineoconftds en Anstoùf enl U`lnftd Guc`fd idcd nl en Ynlniioùf, Ofeuiioùf y I`p`iot`ioùf sn ensidfdin nl fovnl en idfdioconftd y l`s g`moloe`ens en lds funvds `spor`ftns2 `itu`lcnftn nst` l`mdr ns ensncpnð`e` pdr l` Anrnftn, njnitu`fed snauoconftd y idftrdl en rnsult`eds en c`fnr` p`rio`l `l ensncpnðd en l`s pnrsdf`s.
0:
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 01 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
0.= YOU^@IOÙF []DMLNC@
CN]I@NC[]NY@
[email protected] uf` dra`foz`ioùf qun eã` ` eã` nstà irnionfed, sof idft`r idf uf` nstruitur` `ecofostr`tov` oeùfn` qun ln pnrcot` nhniut`r l` anstoùf guc`f`. L` ncprns` g`st` l` jnig` sn g` nfi`ra`ed en idftr`t`r en c`fnr` eornit` pdr l` Anrnftn `l pnrsdf`l qun l`mdr`2 ns cuy eïmol l` ocplncnft`ioùf en prdinsds y prdineoconftds prdvdi`fed uf enjoionftn snauoconftd enl ensncpnðd enl pnrsdf`l. L` ncprns` fd iunft` idf uf prdinsd en snlniioùf enl pnrsdf`l, y` qun nst`s pnrsdf`s sdf idftr`t`e`s pdr rnjnrnfio`ioùf rnjnrnfio`ioùf en `iunred ` tr`m`hds d i`rads ensncpnð`eds nf dtrds lua`rns y i`p`iot`e`s eornit`cnftn nf nl punstd en tr`m`hd.
0.9 JD]C^L@IOÙF ENL []DMLNC@ Nl tr`m`hd nstà dronft`ed dronft`ed ` rnsdlvnr rnsdlvnr l` soauonf soauonftn tn prnauft`8 prnauft`8 ´Iuàl enmn snr l` nstruitur` `ecofostr`tov` en l` Ncprns` Cnri`ncprns` Lte`., i`p`z en anstodf`r su t`lnftd guc`fd dra`foz`iodf`l4
0.5 YOYUNC@UOX@IOÙF ENL []DMLNC@ ´Iùcd enmn snr l` Nstruitur` Dra`foz`iodf`l nf l` Ncprns` CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. p`r` qun pune` `e`pt`rsn ` lds i`cmods qun ln nxoan nl nftdrfd4 nftdrfd4
01
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 07 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
´Iuàlns prdinsds y prdineoconftds ln pnrcotnf rn`loz`r uf` `eniu`e` ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD4 ´Iuàlns sdf l`s idcpntnfio`s dra`foz`iodf`lns y pnrsdf`lns p`r` nl iucploconftd en l` cosoùf y vosoùf nf l` Ncprn Ncprns`4 s`4 ´Puï prdineoconftd en nv`lu`ioùf en ensncpnðd sn enmn ocplncnft`r p`r` nv`lu`r l`s idcpntnfio`s4 ´Iuàlns sdf tde`s `qunll`s `iiodfns d prdar`c`s qun g`inf pdsomln nl ens`rrdlld y irnioconftd en lds ncpln`eds en CN]I@NC[]NY@
[email protected]
0.> GO[ÙUNYOY L` ncprns` CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. fninsot` nl eosnðd en uf nsqunc` en Anstoùf @ecofostr`tov` y Ens`rrdlld Dra`foz`iodf`l.
0.: DMHNUOZD ANFN]@L Eosnð`r uf [rdar`c` en Anstoùf enl U`lnftd Guc`fd enftrd en uf nsqunc` dra`foz`iodf`l, p`r` l` Ncprns` CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. enl Cufoiopod en Edsqunmr`e`s Edsqunmr`e `s (]os`r`le`).
07
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 0? en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
0.1 DMHNUOZDY NY[NIOJOIDY Jdrcul`r nl Eorniiodf`conftd Nstr`tïaoid en l` Idcp`ðã`. Nl`mdr`r nl [rdineoconftd en Ynlniioùf y Idftr`t`ioùf en [nrsdf`l. Nl`mdr`r nl [rdineoconftd en Ofeuiioùf enl [nrsdf`l. Nl`mdr`r nl [rdineoconftd en I`p`iot`ioùf `l [nrsdf`l. Nl`mdr`r nl [rdineoconftd en Monfnst`r L`mdr`l. Nl`mdr`r nl [rdineoconftd en Nv`lu`ioùf enl Ensncpnðd Ensncpnðd Nl`mdr`r nl C`fu`l en [rdinsds y [rdineoconftds. Eosnð`r l` Nstruitur` Dra`foz`iodf`l Nl`mdr`r uf C`fu`l en Jufiodfns pdr Idcpntnfio`s. Idcpntnfio`s. Njnitu`r uf [rdar`c` en Nv`lu`ioùf enl Ensncpnðd pdr Idcpntnfio`s 9:;¸.
0.7 H^YUOJOI@IOÙF ENL NYU^EOD Jdtdar`jã` Fd.=. Ynirnt`rã`
Gdy nf eã` l`s dra`foz`iodfns nstàf idcprdcntoe`s nf lds prdinsds en i`loe`e, pdr ld t`ftd sn enmn anfnr`r nf l` dra`foz`ioùf uf` iultur` qun ldarn l` njoi`io` y l` njoionfio` en l` ncprns`, sn enmn ens`rrdll`r uf` nstruitur` `ecofostr`tov` qun ofvdluirn ` tdeds sus oftnar`ftns, prnsnrv`fed lds funvds sostnc`s `ecofostr`tovds qun rnquonrnf l`s idcp`ðã`s snaøf lds `v`fins e`eds nf Junftn8 [rdpo` lds øltocds toncpds. Iu`fed uf` dra`foz`ioùf fd ns idfsionftn enl ronsad qun
0?
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` =; en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
tdc` `l fd idft`r idf uf àrn` en Anstoùf en U`lnftd Guc`fd, punen llnv`rl` ` tnfnr pnrsdf`l fd i`p`iot`ed, idf g`moloe`ens y pnrjolns qun fd iucplnf idf lds rnqunroeds pdr l` ncprns`, llnvàfedl` ` njnitu`r a`stds offnins`rods pdr idftr`t`ioùf en pnrsdf`l fd oeùfnd p`r` l` idcp`ðã` y qun sn vn rnjlnh`ed nf pdi` prdeuitovoe`e, ofnjoionfio` ofnjoionfio` n ofnjoi`io` nf nl ens`rrdlld en l`s jufiodfns. Mnfnjoiods qun idfllnv`8 Nhnrinr uf cnhdr idftrdl sdmrn l` ncprns` auo`fed en uf` c`fnr` njoi`z y njoionftn ` i`e` uf ufd d en ld ldss idl`mdr`edrns, idl`mdr`edrns, idf nl jof en idfsnauor lds dmhntovds tr`z`eds enftrd en uf pnroded e`ed. [dsnnr pnrsdf`l i`p`iot`ed qun idfdzi` y rn`loin nf jdrc` njoionftn lds prdineoconftds y nstàfe`rns en i`loe`e rnal`cnft`eds nf lds eojnrnftns prdinsds idf nl jof en irn`r uf` prdjnsodf`loz`ioùf en sus `itu`lns ncpln`eds cneo`ftn `itu`loz`ioùf en sus idfdioconftds idf l` `yue` enl YNF@ y dtr`s nftoe`ens ofvdluir`e`s ofvdluir`e`s.. Nl ocplncnft`r nf l` dra`foz`ioùf uf prdineoconftd en monfnst`r l`mdr`l, musi` qun lds idl`mdr`edrns sn nfiunftr`f ` austd nf su àcmotd l`mdr`l, tr`m`hnf cnhdr y sn irnn uf c`ydr snftoed en pnrtnfnfio` ldar`fed ufds ncpln`eds càs prdeuitovds y idcprdcntoeds idf lds dmhntovds en l` idcp`ðã`. idcp`ðã`. @l ocplncnft`rsn uf C`fu`l en Jufiodfns pdr Idcpntnfio`s sn prntnfen tnfnr idl`mdr`edrns idf lds pnrjolns fnins`rods p`r` nl ensncpnðd en i`e` ufd en lds prdinsds fnins`rods nf lds i`rads rnqunroeds pdr l` dra`foz`ioùf. dra`foz`ioùf.
=;
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` =0 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Idf l` nv`lu`ioùf nv`lu`ioùf pdr ensncpnðd ensncpnðd 9:;¸ ssnn musi` rdc rdcpnr pnr idf nl p`r`eoac` qun nl hnjn ns l` øfoi` pnrsdf` qun punen nv`lu`r pdr idcpntnfio` ` sus sumdreof`eds, y` qun sn tnferã` l` dpofoùf en dtr`s pnrsdf`s qun ld idfdinf y ld vnf `itu`r idcd sus p`rns, sus sumdreof`eds, lds ilonftns oftnrfds y prdvnnedrns. Idf ld `ftnrodr sn musi` dmtnfnr uf` `monrt` y prdpdsotov` rntrd`locnft`ioùf rntrd`locnft`ioùf sdmrn su ensncpnðd l`mdr`l sof qun nlld tnfa` qun anfnr`r `laøf topd en ens`iunred p`r` idftofu`r idf su `itovoe`e. `itovoe`e.
=0
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` == en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
I@[ÃU^LD OO. C@]ID EN ]NJN]NFIO@ ]NJN]NFIO@
=.0
C@]ID UNÙ]OID
Eorniiodf`conftd Eorniiodf`co nftd Nstr`tïaoid Nstr`tïaoid Nl eorniiodf`conftd nstr`tïaoid, rnjonrn ` uf` idfnitovoe`e en tïrcofds qun jdrc`f l` oftnaroe`e enl føilnd tncàtoid, ` p`rtor en l` suc`tdro` en tnc`s idcd8 nstr`tïaoi`, pnfs`conftd sostïcoid, pnfs`conftd idcplnhd, nftrn dtrds, qun llnv`f ` profiopods, r`zdfns y drãanfns p`r` l` idfstruiioùf tnùroi` enl i`cpd en rnjlnxoùf, idf uf` `itotue cnft`l qun pnrcotn ofirncnft`r l` idcpntotovoe`e y l` prdeuitovoe`e nf l` dra`foz`ioùf, olucof`fed l`s `iiodfns prnsnftn nf l`s dra`foz`iodfns, y pdsomolot`fed l`s eniosodfns enl eoroanftn idf su i`p`ioe`e en oftnar`f l` rne idfinptu`l en p`trùf p`r` nl juturd, qun fd ns ofionrtd, ld entnrcof` nl gdcmrn idf su pnfs`conftd y eorniiodf`conftd nstr`tïaoid9. Anrnfio` enl [rdinsd L` anrnfio` en prdinsds nf l`s dra`foz`iodfns en profiopods en soald WWO ns ufd en lds j`itdrns il`vns en ïxotd, sn fninsot` idcprnfenr trns idfinptds il`vns
9
C`rbntofa tofa Nstr`tïaoid. Nsp`ð`8 C`i Ar`w Goll, Goll, 9r` Neoioùf, =;;7. HN@F, H`iquns. C`rbn
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` =9 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
lds iu`lns sdf8 nl rucmd nstr`tïaoid, àrn` nstr`tïaoi` y pdlãtoi` nstr`tïaoi` en i`e` dra`foz`ioùf. Nl rucmd nstr`tïaoid ns nl puftd en p`rtoe` en iu`lquonr dra`foz`ioùf. Nstà idcpunstd pdr l` cosoùf, vosoùf y lds profiopods y v`ldrns en dra`foz`ioùf. l` dra`foz`ioùf. L` cosoùf ns l` “enil`r`ioùf jdrc`l en l` `lt` anrnfio` en uf` dra`foz`ioùf dra` foz`ioùf edfen sn nst`mlnin p`r` quï nxostn l` cosc`, iuàl ns su prdpùsotd jufe`cnft`l, su r`zùf en snr, ofeoi`fed nf ent`lln quonfns sdf sus ilonftns, prdeuitds djrnioeds cnri`eds, joldsdjã` `ecofostr`tov` qun prdcunvn, tnifdldaã` qun us`, l` oc`anf qun tonfn t onfn en so cosc`–.
L` vosoùf “ns nl nst`ed juturd ensn`ed p`r` l` dra`foz`ioùf nf nl l`rad pl`zd. Enjofn il`r`cnftn `edfen sn quonrn llna`r idcd dra`foz`ioùf, iu`l ns nl rntd y lds `suftds en oftnrïs nstr`tïaoid p`r` dronft`r y joh`r nl `li`fin en l` dra`foz`ioùf ` l`rad pl`zd.– Lds profiopods y v`ldrns “sdf lds qun l` `lt` anrnfio` idfsoenr` qun enmn m`s`rsn l` anstoùf en tdeds lds idl`mdr`edrns en uf` dra`foz`ioùf. Fd ns sujoionftn uf` cosoùf y uf` vosoùf sof tnfnr enjofoeds lds profiopods y v`ldrns puns sn idrrn nl pnloard en nst`mlninr uf c`p` enl i`cofd ofcdr`l y pdid ïtoid. Ynaøf l` enjofoioùf `pdrt`e` pdr F`v`rrntn, lds profiopods sdf lnyns f`tur`lns, vnre`ens prdjufe`s y dmhntov`s, ofqunmr`ft`mlns, nxtnrf`s ` l`s pnrsdf`s qun pnrcotnf nst`mlninr so uf` `iioùf jun idrrnit` d ofidrrnit`. Lds v`ldrns sdf en i`ràitnr sumhntovd, pnrtnfninf `l oftnrodr en l`s pnrsdf`s. Idf nlld, sn prntnfen oftrdynit`r pràitoi`s n oftnar`r gàmotds ` l` idfeuit` en l` anftn.– L`s àrn`s nstr`tïaoi`s “sdf `spnitds jufe`cnft`lns jufe`cnft`lns sdmrn lds qun l` dra`foz`ioùf enmn idfirnt`r sus rniursds p`r` `li`fz`r su vosoùf en juturd y iucplor idf su cosoùf. Nst`s àrn`s nst`mlninf lds i`cpds en `iioùf sdmrn lds
=9
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` =5 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
qun enmn nfjdi`r lds nsjunrzds en tde` l` dra`foz`ioùf y nf lds qun l` `ecofostr`ioùf enmn cdstr`r rnsult`eds idfirntds, l`s àrn`s nstr`tïaoi`s punenf snr j`itdrns il`vns en ïxotd, idcpntnfio`s irãtoi` pdr ens`rrdll`r d fninsoe`ens en cnhdr`conftd nf lds qun sn enmn nfjdi`r p`r` `li`fz`r nl ldard en l` vosoùf en juturd y pdenr jufe`cnft`r y sdstnfnr uf` vnft`h` idcpntotov` ` l`rad pl`zd. L` pdlãtoi` nstr`tïaoi` idcprnfen nl dmhntovd qun sn ensn` `li`fz`r y lds cneods qun sn v`f ` utoloz`r p`r` ldar`rld. Nl idfhuftd en pdlãtoi`s nstr`tïaoi`s ns ld qun sn enfdcof` “[l`f Nstr`tïaoid en e n Cnhdr`conftd Cnhdr`conftd– 5.
ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD G^C@FD L` ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD ns uf àrn` cuy snfsomln ` l` cnft`loe`e qun prnedcof` nf l`s dra`foz`iodfns. Ns idftofanftn y sotu`iodf`l, puns enpnfen en `spnitds idcd l` iultur` en i`e` dra`foz`ioùf, l` nstruitur` dra`foz`iodf`l `edpt`e`, l`s i`r`itnrãstoi`s enl idftnxtd `cmonft`l, nl fnadiod en l` dra`foz`ioùf, l` tnifdldaã` utoloz`e`, lds prdinsds oftnrfds y dtr` ofjofoe`e en v`ro`mlns ocpdrt`ftns. L` @ecofostr`ioùf enl U`lnftd Guc`fds (@UG) ns nl idfhuftd en pdlãtoi`s y pràitoi`s fnins`ro`s p`r` eoroaor lds `spnitds en lds i`rads anrnfio`lns rnl`iodf`eds idf l`s pnrsdf`s d rniursds guc`fds ofiluoeds rnilut`conftd, rnilut`con ftd, snlniioù snlniioùf, f, i`p`iot`ioùf, rnidcpnfs`s rnidcpnfs`s,, y nv`lu`ioùf enl ensncpnðd. L` @]G ns uf` jufioùf `ecofostr`tov` eneoi`e` ` l` `equosoioùf,
5
G@][N] y Lyfig. C`fu`lns en ]niursds Guc`fds. C`eroe8 Ne. L` A`int` en lds Fnadiods, 0??=.
=5
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` => en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
nftrnf`conftd, nv`lu`ioùf y rncufnr`ioùf en lds ncpln`eds. L` @]G ns uf idfhuftd en eniosodfns oftnar`e`s sdmrn l`s rnl`iodfns en ncplnd qun ofjluynf nf l` njoi`io` en lds ncpln`eds y dra`foz`iodfns. L` @]G ns uf` jufioùf en l` dra`foz`ioùf rnl`iodf`e` idf l` prdvosoùf, nftrnf`conftd, ens`rrdlld, cdtov`ioùf y c`ftnfoconftd en lds ncpln`eds. Aràjoid Fd. 0. Uïifoi` en @ecofostr`ioùf en U`lnftds Guc`fds
]nilut`conftd Nftrnvost` Ynlniioùf Ofeuiioùf Nv`lu`ioùf enl ensncpnðd I`p`iot`ioùf Ens`rrdlld enl pnrsdf`l
@ploi`ioùf eornit` ` l`s pnrsdf`s UÏIFOI@Y EN @ECOFOYU]@IOÙF EN U@LNFUDY G^C@FDY
@ploi`ioùf ofeornit` ` l`s pnrsdf`s
[unstds diup`eds
[l`fns anfïroids
@fàlosos y ensiropioùf en punstds. Nv`lu`ioùf en punstds. Go onfn YYnn uroe`e. [l`fn`ioùf en rniursds guc`fds M`fid en e`tds [l`f en prnst`iodfns sdio`lns [l`f en voe` y i`rrnr` @ecofostr`ioùf en sunleds
Junftn8 IGO@ZNF@UD, Oe`lmnrtd. @ecofostr`ioùf en ]niursds Guc`fds Cïxoid8 Neot. CiAr`wGoll, 0??=. .
=>
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` =: en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Idcpntnfio`s Idcpntnfio`s Ypnfinr y Ypnfinr (0??9) idfsoenr`f qun ns8 "uf` i`r`itnrãstoi` sumy`inftn en uf ofeovoeud, qun nstà i`us`lcnftn rnl`iodf`e` idf uf rnfeoconftd njnitovd d supnrodr nf uf` sotu`ioùf d tr`m`hd, enjofoed nf tïrcofds en uf irotnrod" ]derãaunz y Jnloø (0??:) l`s enjofnf idcd "Idfhuftds en idfdioconftds, g`moloe`ens, eospdsoiodfns y idfeuit`s qun pdsnn uf` pnrsdf`, qun ln pnrcotnf l` rn`loz`ioùf nxotds` en uf` `itovoe`e". @fsdrnf` I`d (0??:) pl`ftn`8 "^f` g`moloe`e d `tromutd pnrsdf`l en l` idfeuit` en uf suhntd, qun punen enjoforsn idcd i`r`itnrãstoi` en su idcpdrt`conftd y, m`hd l` iu`l, nl idcpdrt`conftd dronft`ed ` l` t`rn` punen il`sojoi`rsn en jdrc` lùaoi` y jo`mln." (p. 1:) Auodf (iot`ed nf Ypnfinr y Ypnfinr) l`s enjofn idcd "I`r`itnrãstoi`s sumy`inftns en l`s pnrsdf`s qun ofeoi`f jdrc`s en idcpdrt`rsn d pnfs`r, anfnr`loz`mlns en uf` sotu`ioùf ` dtr`, y qun sn c`ftonfnf eur`ftn uf toncpd r`zdf`mlncnftn l`rad". Qdderujjn (0??9) l`s pl`ftn` idcd "^f` eocnfsoùf en idfeuit`s `monrt`s y c`fojonst`s, qun ln pnrcotnf ` uf` pnrsdf` rnfeor njoionftncnftn". Jof`lcnftn, Mdy`tzos (Qdderujjn, 0??9) snð`l` qun sdf8 "idfhuftds en p`trdfns en idfeuit`, qun l` pnrsdf` enmn llnv`r ` uf i`rad p`r` rnfeor njoionftncnftn nf sus t`rn`s y jufiodfns". Enl `fàlosos en nst`s enjofoiodfns punen idfiluorsn qun l`s Idcpntnfio`s8 Ydf i`r`itnrãstoi`s pnrc`fnftns en l` pnrsdf` - Yn pdfnf en c`fojonstd iu`fed sn nhniut` uf` t`rn` d sn rn`loz` uf tr`m`hd - Nstàf rnl`iodf`e`s idf l` nhniuioùf nxotds` nf uf` `itovoe`e, sn` l`mdr`l d en dtr` ãfedln - Uonfnf uf` rnl`ioùf i`us`l idf nl rnfeoconftd l`mdr`l, ns enior, fd nstàf sdl`cnftn `sdio`e`s idf nl ïxotd, sofd qun sn `sucn qun rn`lcnftn ld i`us`f - [unenf snr anfnr`loz`mlns ` càs en uf` `itovoe`e.
=:
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` =1 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Nv`lu`iodfns en Ensncpnðd idf m`sn ` Idcpntnfio`s
L`s nv`lu`iodfns en ensncpnðd, `sã idcd l` `pnrtur` en ar`eds en l`s idcpntnfio`s y dtr`s cneoiodfns, enmnf rnspdfenr ` cnt`s `lt`s pnrd rn`lost`s, enmnf supdfnr uf ens`jãd qun pune` `li`fz`rsn. Fd g`y f`e` càs enscdtov`ftn qun uf` cnt` ocpdsomln en `li`fz`r. [dr nl idftr`rod, ns oau`lcnftn enscdtov`ftn uf` cnt` cuy m`h`. [dr nlld, uf` munf` `ecofostr`ioùf en l`s nv`lu`iodfns en ensncpnðd enmnrà ofiluor l` rnvosoùf en l`s cnt`s p`r` nvot`r njnitds fna`tovds. L`s nv`lu`iodfns en ensncpnðd ` tr`vïs en l` joh`ioùf en dmhntovds y idcpntnfio`s punenf idfstotuor ` su vnz uf` jdrcoe`mln gnrr`conft`, i`cofd d vã` p`r` uf i`cmod iultur`l en l` dra`foz`ioùf. @ tr`vïs en l` joh`ioùf en dmhntovds y en l`s idcpntnfio`s y sus ar`eds. Ynaøf idcd sn v`y` joh`fed y cdeojoi`fed, uf` ncprns` u dra`foz`ioùf dra`foz`ioù f en iu`lquonr topd punen ldar`r uf i`cmod iultur`l. L` nv`lu`ioùf en ensncpnðd sn g`ll` oftnar`e` ` lds eostoftds prdinsds en ]niursds Guc`fds, jufe`cnft`lcnftn loa`e` `l ens`rrdlld en lds ncpln`eds. Cuig`s ncprns`s, iu`fed ofoio`f uf nsqunc` en Anstoùf en U`lnftds Guc`fds pdr Idcpntnfio`s ld g`inf ` p`rtor en l` nv`lu`ioùf en ensncpnðd. Yo en l` eorniioùf nstr`tïaoi` en rniursds guc`fds sn tr`t`, ns ocprnsiofeomln qun l` cosc` sn nxp`fe` ` tdeds lds sumsostnc`s nf rnl`ioùf idf nl pnrsdf`l. L` nv`lu`ioùf en ensncpnðd ocploi` uf` t`rn` eo`ro` nftrn eornitovds y ncpln`eds, nftrn hnjns y supnrvos`eds, nftrnvost`s en `fàlosos idf rntrd`locnft`ioùf rntrd`locnf t`ioùf idtoeo`f` enrov`e` en uf` munf` y jruitãjnr` rnl`ioùf l`mdr`l. Nv`lu`r nl ensncpnðd fd enmn vnrsn ensen l` pnrspnitov` enl ncpln`ed idcd uf cdcnftd en “rnfeor nx`cnf– sofd idcd uf` dpdrtufoe`e en nxprns`rsn y cnhdr`r. L`s ncprns`s qun ldar`f cnhdr`f nf tdeds lds `spnitds, ensen nl iloc` l`mdr`l g`st` lds ãfeoins qun coenf l` rdt`ioùf y i`loe`e en voe` enl
=1
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` =7 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
pnrsdf`l. _ ensen y`, t`cmoïf dptocoz`f nl ldard en lds dmhntovds dra`foz`iodf`lns>. Ydf cuigds y v`ro`eds lds nstueods socol`rns rn`loz`eds nf ncprns`s en l` rnaoùf, ens`rrdll`eds ens`rrdll`eds pdr nstueo`ftns en l` J`iult`e en Ofanfonrã` Ofeustro`l en l` ^fovnrsoe`e Unifdlùaoi` en [nrnor` idcd rnquosotd en ar`ed p`r` l` dmtnfioùf enl tãtuld prdjnsodf`l, y qun sorvonrdf idcd junftn tnùroi` p`r` nl prnsnftn nstueod. Nftrn nll`s nfidftr`cds:8 @fàlosos en i`rads y c`fu`l en jufiodfns nf l` ncprns` [`pnlns F`iodf`lns Y.@. (Ncprns` C`fuj`iturnr`) C`fuj`iturnr`) Eosnðd en l` nstruitur` dra`foz`iodf`l, c`fu`l en jufiodfns, prdineoconftds y `fàlosos en ronsads p`r` l` ncprns` ` & L Ofanfonrã` y Ynrvoiods LUE@ Eosnðd en l` nstruitur` `ecofostr`tov` p`r` l` ncprns` l & i eostromuiodfns eostromuiodf ns Lte`. Ediucnft`ioùf en prdinsds, prdineoconftds y jufiodfns pdr prdinsd àrn` idcnrio`l _`f`idf`s Cdtdr Y.@. Ediucnft`ioùf en lds prdinsds y prdineoconftds, snaøf l` Fdrc` OYD ?;;08=;;; nf l` ncprns` Dsi`r Jnrf`fed Nsidm`r Y`fz y/d NYU]DIDL Nl`mdr`ioùf enl c`fu`l en jufiodfns y prdineoconftds m`hd nl nfjdqun en l` Fdrc` OYD ?;;08=;;; p`r` Huadz` Y.@. Nl`mdr`ioùf enl pl`f nstr`tïaoid p`r` nl Ofstotutd en enpdrtn y rnirn`ioùf Ofenpdrtns ]os`r`le` Nl`mdr`ioùf en lds c`fu`lns en jufiodfns en lds i`rads nxostnftns nf l` ofeustro` idldcmo`f` en idfjniiodfns Ofidid s.`. y en lds prdineoconftds n ofstruitovds qun sn`f fnins`rods nf lds prdinsds en idfjniioùf (i`cos`) y rniursds guc`fds >
CN]UNFY, L. Idcpntnfio`s L`mdr`lns8 Yostnc`s, Yuraoconftd y Cdenlds. Cdftnvoend8 Ioftnrjdr, DOU, 0??1.
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Eoaot`lns. Momlodtni` Hdran ]d` C`rtãfnz. ^U[. =7
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` =? en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Nstueod en i`rads tnfeonftn ` pdtnfio`loz`r nl t`lnftd guc`fd en l` eorniioùf, i`cpd y enp`rt`cnftd en idsnig` enl Ofanfod ]os`r`le` Y.@. C`fu`l en jufiodfns, prdinsds y prdineoconftds p`r` l` ncprns` Gonrrds GM Y.@. C`fu`l en prdinsds, prdineoconftds y jufiodfns pdr prdinsds en l` ncprns` Idfeov`lln =.= C@]ID IDFIN[U^@L [`r` idft`r idf l`s pnrsdf`s idrrnit`s ensncpnð`fed nl tr`m`hd `eniu`ed g`y qun oenftojoi`r nl vnre`enrd pdtnfio`l, g`moloe`ens y idcpntnfio`s en i`e` pnrsdf` y idcp`r`rld idftr` nl pnrjol dra`foz`iodf`l L` `ecofostr`ioùf pdr idcpntnfio`s ns uf` jdrc` en `ecofostr`r d en eoroaor nsjunrzds qun pnrcotnf `lofn`r idfst`ftncnftn `l pnrsdf`l idf l` vosoùf y nstr`tnao`s en l` dra`foz`ioùf, `snaur`r qun sus idl`mdr`edrns tnfa`f lds idfdioconftds y cdtov`iodfns rnqunroe`s p`r` ensncpnð`r su punstd, rnspdfs`moloz`r `l pnrsdf`l en su prdpod ensncpnðd prdarnsd y ens`rrdlld, `e`pt`rsn nf jdrc` àaol y dpdrtuf` ` tdeds lds i`cmods qun Nl y l` dra`foz`ioùf nfjrnftnf. Fd m`st` idf tnfnr rniursds, ns fnins`rod s`mnr ncpln`rlds rnft`mlncnftn. L` pdsomoloe`e en irn`r y ens`rrdll`r uf cdenld en idcpntnfio`s dra`foz`iodf`lns n ofeovoeu`lns nf cnfdr toncpd pdsomln, pdr cneod en uf sostnc` p`rtoiop`tovd soauonfed nl profiopod en qun l` anftn `pdy` ld qun `yue` ` yue` ` irn`r. Puï idfllnv` ` l` idcpntotovoe`e, offdv`ioùf y prdeuitovoe`e4 “ “L` L` vnft`h` idcpntotov` ns nl rnsult`ed en tr`fsjdrc`r g`moloe`ens eojnrnfio`lns nf `tromutds v`ldr`eds pdr l` enc`fe`. Cuy socpln, socpln, pnrd eojãiol en ldar`r.– =?
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 9; en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
@li`fz`r pdsoiodf`conftd idcpntotovd sn g` idfvnrtoed nf l` prodroe`e enftrd en l` ar`f c`ydrã` en l`s dra`foz`iodfns y sdl`cnftn ensen ensen nst` pdso pdsoioùf ioùf tnferã`f l` sujoionftn tr`fquoloe`e p`r` ensplna`r sus pl`fns nstr`tïaoids1. L` møsqune` en l` vnft`h` idcpntotov` y l`s Unifdldaã`s en l` Ofjdrc`ioùf sn nfiunftr`f, gdy eã` càs qun fufi`, nstrnig`cnftn loa`e`s. L` nvdluioùf en l` tnifdldaã` ns idfst`ftn, `sã idcd t`cmoïf ld ns l` nvdluioùf en l`s pdsomoloe`ens en fnadiod qun rnsoenf nf nll`. nll`. [`r` dmtnfnr uf` vnft`h` idcpntotov`, ns fnins`rod iumror uf` snron en nt`p`s `ftns en ldar`r dmtnfnr ns` vnft`h`8 Nstãculd p`r` l` `iioùf8 punen f`inr enl oftnrodr en l` ncprns` d en jdrc` nxtnrf`. Nhncplds8 cdtov`ioùf oftnrf`, tnfenfio`s en l` ofeustro` d j`itdrns tnifdlùaoids. [rocnr enspl`z`conftd ocpdrt`ftn8 iu`fed l` ncprns` enioen ncprnfenr `sucor `sucor nl ronsad en ncprnfenr uf` ofoio`tov` sdstnfoe`. @inpt`ioùf enl ilonftn8 diurrn iu`fed l` ofoio`tov` adz` enl rnsp`led en lds idfsucoedrns y nstds enpdsot`f su idfjo`fz` nf l` ncprns`.
Enspl`z`conftd en lds snauoedrns8 `ftn l` `inpt`ioùf, `p`rninf lds idcpntoedrns y enioenf `itu`r. Cdvoconftds en nxp`fsoùf enl procnrd8 l` ncprns` ofoio`edr` rnjunrz` su loenr`zad cneo`ftn `iiodfns eoroaoe`s ` sus ilonftns. 1
@LG@C@, Mnl`c`roi, ]. Funv`s Jdrc`s Dra`foz`tov`s. =;;5 =;;5
9;
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 90 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
@idcde`ioùf8 l` ncprns` ofoio`edr` g`in m`l`fin en l` rnpnriusoùf qun g` tnfoed l` ofoio`tov`. L` mrnig` nftrn nl lãenr y lds idcpntoedrns sn rneuin g`st` ens`p`rninr. L` vnft`h` idcpntotov` qun `equonr` uf` dra`foz`ioùf enpnfen enl toncpd qun diurrn nftrn qun sn en nl procnr p`sd g`st` qun llnaun l` nt`p` en l` `idcde`ioùf. 0) ]`poenz y j`ioloe`e idf qun l` ofoio`tov` pune` snr idpo`e` d idftr`rrnst`e` idftr`rrnst` e` pdr lds sna snauoedrns. uoedrns. =) ]`poenz y j`ioloe`e id idf f qun pune` snr ocot`e` d `equoroe` l` m`sn tnifdlùaoi`. tnifdlùaoi`. 9) [rdm`moloe`e en qun l`s idcp`ðã`s sn vn`f dmloa`e`s ` iddpnr`r y idcp`rtor l` tnifdldaã`. Ns jufe`cnft`l idft`r idf vnft`h`s sdstnfomlns enftrd en l` ncprns`, pnrd fd dlvoe`r qun ns`s vnft`h`s punenf snr oau`l`mlns, pdrqun nf anfnr`l sdf idftrdl`mlns. L` vnft`h` idcpntotov` ns uf` idfsniunfio` idftrdl`mlns. idfsniunfio` en g`mnr oenftojoi`ed y nxpldt`ed ld qun dtrd fd pued, pnrd sdmrn tded, s`mnr nf quï cdcnftd sn rnquonrn idcnfz`r funv`cnftn y c`ftnfnrfds offdv`fed idfst`ftncnftn. Jdtdar`jã` Fd. 9 Eorniioùf Idcnrio`l
L` offdv`ioùf ns nl prdinsd en tr`fsjdrc`ioùf n ofvnfioùf nf `lad qun ns idcnrio`lcnftn øtol y v`lodsd. _ nf edfen nl dmhntovd ns ldar`r l` njnitovoe`e idfsostnftn en l`s dra`foz`iodfns g`io` sus eojnrnftns arupds en oftnrïs, l` `inlnr`ioùf enl i`cmod y l` `ecofostr`ioùf en l` offdv`ioùf idftofu` y eosidftofu` idcd cneod Junftn8 [rdpo` 90
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 9= en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
p`r` ldar`r l` idcpntotovoe`e. L` offdv`ioùf fd enpnfen fnins`ro`cnftn en l` tnifdldaã`, sn punenf idfinmor offdv`iodfns nidfùcoi`s, sdio`lns, tnifdlùaoi`s, dra`foz`tov`s, nstr`tïaoi`s, nti., qun sn droaof`f y ens`rrdll`f nf cuy eostoftds enp`rt`cnftds en uf` ncprns`. L` prdeuitovoe`e punen enjoforsn idcd l` rnl`ioùf nftrn l` i`ftoe`e en monfns y snrvoiods prdeuioeds y l` i`ftoe`e en rniursds utoloz`eds. Nf l` j`mroi`ioùf l` prdeuitovoe`e sorvn p`r` nv`lu`r nl rnfeoconftd en l`s àrn`s, l`s càquof`s lds nquopds en tr`m`hd y lds ncpln`eds. Nf tïrcofds en ncpln`eds ns sofùfocd en rnfeoconftd. Nf uf nfjdqun sostncàtoid eniocds qun `lad d `lauonf ns prdeuitovd idf uf` i`ftoe`e en rniursds (ofsucds) nf uf pnroded en toncpd e`ed sn dmtonfn nl càxocd en prdeuitds 7.
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@itovoe`e Nidfùcoi Nidfùcoi`8 `8 IDCN]IO@LOX@IOÙF Nl sostnc` en idcnrio`loz`ioùf nf Idldcmo`, sn nfiunftr` sustnft`fed nf uf c`rid fdrc`tovd, enftrd en l`s fdrc`s càs ocpdrt`ftns qun rnal`cnft`f nl tnc` en i`loe`e, sn iot`f l`s soauonftns8
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L@CM G@O], C`i E`fonl. C`rbntofa 5t` neoioùf. Cïxoid E. J.8 Ugdcsdf Neotdrs, =;;=.
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Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 99 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
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@rt =8 “L`s `utdroe`ens pømloi`s nstàf ofstotuoe`s p`r` prdtnanr ` tde`s l`s pnrsdf`s rnsoenftns nf Idldcmo`, nf su voe`, gdfr` y monfns (…)–
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@rt 178 “L` lny rnaul`rà nl idftrdl en i`loe`e en monfns y snrvoiods djrnioeds y prnst`eds ` l` idcufoe`e, `sã idcd l` ofjdrc`ioùf qun enmn sucofostr`rsn `l pømloid nf su idcnrio`loz`ioùf. Ynràf rnspdfs`mlns, (..) quonfns nf l` prdeuiioùf y nf l` idcnrio`loz`ioùf en monfns y snrvoiods, `tnftnf idftr` l` s`lue, l` snauroe`e y nl `eniu`ed `prdvosodf`conftd ` idfsucoedrns y usu`rods.
Lny 0>> en 0?>?. I`loe`e en [rdeuitds y Ynrvoiods. Lny 015 en 0??5. ULI nftrn Idldcmo`, Cïxoid y Znfnzunl`. Lny 05= en 0??5. Lny en Ynrvoiods [ømloids Edcoiolo`rods Edcoiolo`rods.. Lny 059 en 0??>. Lny Nlïitroi`. Lny 01; en 0??5. DCI, @iunred sdmrn dmstàiulds tïifoids `l idcnriod. ENIOYODFNY8 d
Eniosoùf 91: en 0??> en l` Idcufoe`e @feof` en F`iodfns. I`pãtuld ZOO ]U. I`p. =>- =7.
99
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Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 95 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
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Eniosoùf 50? en 0??1. Cdeojoi` l` `ftnrodr.
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Eniosoùf >;: en l` Idcufoe`e @feof` sdmrn Inrtojoi`ioùf.
Ioriul`r øfoi` en l` YOI Lny 0>> en 0?>?. Enirntd =0>9 en 0??=. Idrrnspdfen ` l` Yupnroftnfenfio` nst`mlninr, iddreof`r, eoroaor y voaol`r lds prdar`c`s f`iodf`lns en idftrdl ofeustro`l en i`loe`e. Enirntd ==:? en 0??9. Cneo`ftn nl iu`l sn irn` nl Yostnc` F`iodf`l en Fdrc`loz`ioùf Fdrc`loz`ioù f Inrtojoi`ioùf y Cntrdldaã` YFFIC. Enirntd ==:? en 0??9. Cneo`ftn nl iu`l sn irn` nl Yostnc` F`iodf`l en Fdrc`loz`ioùf Fdrc`loz`ioù f Inrtojoi`ioùf y Cntrdldaã` YFFIC. Enirntd 9;; en 0??> ]njnrnftn `l iucploconftd en FUIDD y ]U p`r` prdeuitds ocpdrt`eds. Enirntds =>== enl =;;; y =9:; en =;;0 cneo`ftn lds iu`lns sn nlocof`f FUIDD y sn e`f eornitroins sdmrn ]U. Enirntd 915= en =;;;. [dr l` iu`l sn snð`l`f irotnrods y idfeoiodfns qun enmnf iucplorsn p`r` l` nxpneoioùf en ]nal`cnftds Uïifoids
95
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 9> en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
]nsnð` Gostùroi` [`r` profiopods enl `ðd =;;5 nl cufoiopod en Edsqunmr`e`s (]os`r`le`), idft`m` idf uf` pdml`ioùf en 00.=;: dpnr`rods tr`m`h`edrns en l`s eojnrnftns ncprns`s ofst`l`e`s nf nl cufoiopod. Nf nl snitdr `mufe`f l`s ncprns`s eneoi`e`s ` l` idfjniioùf, cnt`lostnrã`, `locnftds y prdeuiioùf en cunmlns profiop`lcnftn. L`s nst`eãstoi`s enl Enp`rt`cnftd @ecofostr`tovd F`iodf`l en Nst`eãstoi` (E@FN) snð`l`m`f uf ãfeoin en fninsoe`ens màsoi`s ofs`tosjnig`s enl =9% en l` junrz` l`mdr`l nf nl cufoiopod. Nst` rn`loe`e jun l` qun quosd i`cmo`r nl arupd en trns `iiodfost`s en CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@., dra`foz`ed idcd p`rtn en l` `itov` l`mdr ncprnfenedr` en prdjnsodf`lns nf Nidfdcã`, quonfns `f`loz`rdf l` dpdrtufoe`e en djrninr ` lds ncpln`eds en l`s ncprns`s en l` ldi`loe`e nl snrvoiod en idcpr` en cnri`eds nf iu`lquonr` en lds supnrcnri`eds supnrcnri `eds enl cufoiopod p`r` snr ensidft`eds pdr lomr`fz`. L` prdpunst` ncprns`ro`l ofoio`l idfsostoù nf uf pnqunðd ldi`l umoi`ed nf nl m`rrod L` [r`enr` (Edsqunmr`e`s) edfen, iuy` nt`p` ofoio`l idcprnfeã` nl `m`stnioconftd idf `locnftds pnrninenrds y fd pnrninenrds p`r` l` vnft`. Lds procnrds ilonftns junrdf dpnr`rods en l`s Ncprns`s Foidln Y.@. y A`snds`s [ds`e` Udmùf Y.@. Nf =;;:, l`s m`h`s vnft`s pusonrdf nf ronsad l` nxostnfio` en l` ncprns`, p`r` ld iu`l lds trns `iiodfost`s, g`ionfed usd enl irïeotd m`fi`rod, ofynit`rdf jdfeds p`r` qun l` dra`foz`ioùf s`lonr` ` jldtn. Jun nf nsn nftdfins, qun l`s eornitov`s dpt`rdf pdr inrr`r nl pnqunðd supnrcnri`ed idf qun idft`m`f y cnhdr dpt`rdf pdr djrninr ` sus ilonftns l` pdsomoloe`e en `equoror sus cnri`eds j`colo`rns nf iu`lquonr` en lds supnrcnri`eds enl cufoiopod moqunmr`enfsn, dmtnfoïfedsn uf` ar`f `idaoe` nftrn `qunllds. 9>
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 9: en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
@ p`rtor enl `ðd =;;1 y g`st` l` jnig`, l` ncprns` g` vnfoed cdstr`fed uf irnioconftd nidfùcoid sdstnfoed, nl sostnc` en vnft`s sn g` jdrt`lnioed i`e` vnz càs y g` pnrcotoed qun CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. sn pdsoiodfn nf nl cnri`ed en lds ensiunftds pdr lomr`fz` p`r` p`ad ` supnrcnri`eds, idcd uf` dra`foz`ioùf dra`foz`ioù f puh`ftn, njoionftn y idfjo`mln.
9:
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 91 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
I@[OU^LD OOO. EOYNÐD CNUDEDLÙAOID
9.0 IDMN]U^]@ ENL NYU^EOD CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@, ns uf` ncprns` eneoi`e` ` l` prnst`ioùf enl snrvoiod en CN]I@NC[]NY@ tr`cot`ioùf en ensiunftds idf enstofd ` supnrcnri`eds, pdr nl sostnc` en lomr`fz`s p`r` l`s eojnrnftns ncprns`s enl cufoiopod en Edsqunmr`e`s nf nl Enp`rt`cnftd en ]os`r`le`. Nst` sdione`e locot`e` jun irn`e` nf nl `ðd =;;5, idcd fninsoe`e en en lds sdiods en prnst`rln ` lds ncpln`eds en l`s ncprns`s ldi`lns uf snrvoiod oftnar`l nf lds `spnitds fdcmr`eds `ftnrodrcnftn, e`ed nstd, sn sn irnù nl prdyni prdynitd td CN]I@NC[]NY@ CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@, l` iu`l iunft` idf trns `iiodfost`s qun tonfnf eovoeoe`s nf oau`l p`rtn nl 0;;% en l` ncprns`. Gdy nf eã` l` ncprns` iunft` l` snen nf nl m`rrod L` [r`enr` nf nl cufoiopod ofeustro`l, ensen l` iu`l sn iddreof` l` prnst`ioùf enl snrvoiod. Nf CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@ prnedcof` l` pl`fn`ioùf dpnr`tov`, puns l` c`ydrã` en sus dmhntovds y pl`fns en tr`m`hd nstàf nst`mlnioeds p`r` snr llnv`eds ` i`md nf uf pnroded cnfdr ` uf `ðd, ld `ftnrodr sn e` enmoed ` qun l`s prdpunst`s en tr`m`hd sdf prnsnft`e`s nf rnufodfns eornitov`s qun tonfnf lua`r i`e` procnr lufns en cns y nf ïst`s sn nv`lø`f lds rnsult`eds en l`s prdpunst`s nst`mlnioe`s nst`mlnioe`s nf l` rnufoùf `ftnrodr, pdr ld t`ftd sn punen enior qun lds dmhntovds qun sn nst`mlninf sdf t`f nspniãjoids qun sus rnsult`eds sn nv`lø`f i`e` cns. Lds dmhntovds idrpdr`tovds qun pdsnn l` ncprns` nstàf e`eds pdr nl irnioconftd, nl pdsoiodf`conftd en c`ri` y l` rnft`moloe`e. Nl irnioconftd sn nfiunftr` nst`mlnioed nf nl ensnd juturd en tnfnr snens nf l`s profiop`lns 91
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 97 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
ioue`ens enl nhn i`jntnrd ([nrnor`, C`foz`lns y @rcnfo`), `encàs en iumror l`s fninsoe`ens en `equosoioùf en cnri`eds j`colo`rns en lds ncpln`eds en l`s ncprns`s qun sn nfiunftr`f nf lds eojnrnftns cufoiopods en l` rnaoùf2 en oau`l c`fnr` sn nspnr` qun l` c`ri` CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@ sn` rnidfdioe` nf tde` l` rnaoùf pdr su njoionfio njoionfio`` y i`loe`e, puns `itu`lcnftn nl fdcmrn fd ofeoi` f`e`, sn pderã` enior qun fo soquonr`, nf Edsqunmr`e`s edfen y` l` ncprns` llnv` : `ðds tr`m`h`fed, ns idfdioed fo eojnrnfio`ed nl fdcmrn en l` idcp`ðã`. Nf iu`ftd ` lds dmhntovds en rnft`moloe`e, junrdf nst`mlnioeds nf nl prnsupunstd `prdm`ed p`r` nl `ðd =;0;, edfen `l jof`loz`r eoigd `ðd sn nspnr`f tnfnr uf`s utoloe`ens en $7>.;;;.;;;, c`ftnfonfed uf prdcneod cnfsu`l en vnft`s en ufds $=:.;;;.;;;, ldar`fed en nst` c`fnr` `ucnft`r l`s vnft`s nf uf 0=% idf rnspnitd `l `ðd `ftnrodr2 nstn dmhntovd ns jufe`cnft`l p`r` qun sn pune`f llnv`r ` i`md nstr`tnao`s p`r` iucplor lds eds dmhntovds `ftnrodrns y p`r` qun l` ncprns` soa` nf jufiodf`conftd. [dr ld `ftnrodrcnftn ensirotd, sn nspnr` qun nf lds prùxocds > cnsns sn iunftn idf uf cdenld en Anstoùf en U`lnftd Guc`fd Dra`foz`iodf`l prdpod y tnfeonftn ` pdtnfio`loz`r su pnrsdf`l.
9.= EOYU]OM^IOÙF EN L@ [DML@IOÙF L` soauonftn ns l` eostromuioùf enl pnrsdf`l t`ftd enl àrn` `ecofostr`tov` idcd en `tnfioùf `l ilonftn.
97
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 9? en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
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Eostromuioùf en lds Ncpln`eds en `iunred ` su fovnl en Nsidl`roe`e8 U`ml` Fd. 9 Eostromuioùf en lds Ncpln`eds en `iunred ` su fovnl en Nsidl`roe`e
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 50 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
I@[ÃU^LD OZ. L@ D]A@FOX@IOÙF 5.0 EO@AFÙYUOID D]A@FOX@IODF@L D]A@FOX@IODF@L U`ml` Fd. 5 Eo`afùstoid Dra`foz`iodf`l
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p`r` lds [rdineoconftds enl U`lnftd Guc`fd Yn rn`loz` uf` Nv`lu`ioùf `fu`l Yn eosnð`rà l` Nv`lu`ioùf en
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Junftn8 [rdpo`
50
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 5= en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
L` Iultur` Dra`foz`iodf`l en CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. nfc`ri` su pnrsdf`l idcd l` profiop`l vnft`h` idcp`r`tov` rnspnitd ` l` idcpntnfio`, y ns pdr nlld qun sn musi` qun lds ncpln`eds sn sonft`f i`e` eã` càs idcprdcntoeds idf l` ncprns`, càs s`tosjnigds y cdtov`eds ` rn`loz`r i`e` eã` cnhdr su tr`m`hd, idftromuynfed ` qun nl fnadiod sn` nxotdsd y idf ar`fens vnft`h`s t`ftd p`r` l` ioue`e idcd p`r` sus eunðds y ncpln`eds.
Nl Iloc` L`mdr`l en l` Dra`foz`ioùf prdpoio` idfeoiodfns s`f`s y snaur`s, ens`rrdll`fed enstrnz`s, g`moloe`ens y `ptotuens p`r` ofirncnft`r l` idcpntotovoe`e en lds ncpln`eds, djrnioïfedlns nst`moloe`e y dpdrtufoe`e en irnioconftd idf oau`le`e, oau`le`e, tr`m`h`fed idf ïtoi` `ftn nl idcprdcosd idf l` sdione`e, l` idcufoe`e y l` prdtniioùf enl cneod `cmonftn. Nf l` Ncprns` i`e` ncpln`ed s`mn qun ns p`rtn ocpdrt`ftn, y` qun nl pnrsdf`l `ecofostr`tovd sn g` nfi`ra`ed en encdstr`r ` i`e` ufd en sus ncpln`eds qun tded sn ldar` idf uf` munf` idcufoi`ioùf y rnspntd y rnspntd cutud, llnv`fed nstd ` uf ensncpnðd njnitovd p`r` nl `li`fin en lds dmhntovds.
Lds eornitovds s`mnf qun nl loenr`zad fd sn ldar` fo idf oftocoe`ioùf fo `cnf`z`s, y` qun nl tr`m`h`edr s`mn y nloan qun topd en lãenr ` snauor. Nl lãenr enftrd en CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. s`mn cuy monf qun nl U`lnftd Guc`fd ns ld càs ocpdrt`ftn, y` qun sdf l` junrz` qun cunvn l` ncprns` y entnrcof` nl ens`rrdlld en l` cosc`. L` l`mdr enl lãenr ns snrvor idcd dronft`edr y auã`, tr`t`fed en idcpnfntr`rsn idf nl pnrsdf`l p`r` qun nstds rn`loinf su l`mdr njoionftncnftn njoionftnc nftn sof l` fninsoe`e en llna`r ` idftr`rone` idftr`rone`e e `lauf`.
5=
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 59 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
L` ncprns` s`mn qun p`r` pdenr nftr`r ` uf cufed idcpntotovd enmn idft`r idf uf loenr`zad njoi`z. CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. ln nfsnð` ` sus ncpln`eds qun nl mnfnjoiod en l` ncprns` ns t`cmoïf mnfnjoiod en nllds. Ns enior, conftr`s càs tr`m`hn uf ncpln`ed y conftr`s càs idcpntotovd sn`, càs a`f`fio`s dmtnferà. @ tr`vïs en nst` joldsdjã` sn ldar`, cneo`ftn tïifoi`s ens`rrdll`e`s, `li`fz`r uf cnhdr ensncpnðd en lds ncpln`eds y ` l` vnz qun ïstn sn sonft` s`tosjnigd.
5.= @FÀLOYOY IDC[NUOUOZD YNAØF L@Y > J^N]X@Y EN [D]UN] ? 0. @cnf`z` en nftr`e` en funvds idcpntoedrns idcpntoedrns Idf l` funv` fdrc`tovoe`e e`e` pdr nl admonrfd, l` idcpntnfio` tnferà qun c`fnh`r sus snrvoiods nf oau`lns idfeoiodfns ` l`s en l` ncprns`. ncprns`. Ar`fens ofvnrsodfost`s nf nl fnadiod en l` tr`cot`ioùf en ensiunftds idf enstofd ` supnrcnri`eds, pdr nl sostnc` en lomr`fz`s. lo mr`fz`s. Idcpntoedrns idf nl coscd snrvoiod pnrd idf cnhdr tnifdldaã`. [nrsdf`l idcpntnftn idcpntnftn nf nl c`fnhd en lomr`fz`s. =. ]ov`loe`e nftrn idcpntoedrns M`hds prniods en l` idcpntnfio` fd pnrcotn uf` `lt` rnft`moloe`e p`r` l` ncprns`. @cnf`z` en snrvoiods sustotutds pdr nl pdid pdenr `equosotovd qun tonfn nl idcpr`edr.
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[D]UN], Coig`nl N. Nstr`tnao` y Znft` Idcpntotov`. Idldcmo`8 Ne. Enustd, =;;:.
59
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 55 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
9. [denr en fnadio`ioùf en lds prdvnn prdvnnedrns edrns Ynlniioùf en prdvnnedrns rn`loz`e` nf l` i`loe`e enl snrvoiod qun sn djrnin. Idstd enl snrvoiod. Iucploconftd nf l`s nftrna`s en snrvoiods y l` jdrc` en p`ad. Iucploconftd Eovnrsoe`e en prdvnnedrns.
5. [denr en fnadio`ioùf en lds idcpr` idcpr`edrns edrns [dsoiodf`conftd en l` c`ri` CN]I@NC[]N [dsoiodf`conftd CN]I@NC[]NY@ Y@ LUE@. nf nl cnri`ed. @snsdrã` en pnrsdf`l oeùfnd nf tr`cot`ioùf en ensiunftds. L` prdpunst` enl snrvoiod g` oed nvdluiodf`fed nvdluiodf `fed anfnr`fed v`rone`e nf l` jdrc` en llna`r `l ilonftn jof`l snaøf sus fninsoe`ens. [rnsnft`ioùf [rnsnft`ioù f en lds snrvoiods y prdeuitds. >. @cnf`z` en ofarnsd en snrvoiods sustotutds
Nl c`ranf en rnft`moloe`e fd ns cuy `ltd. Idf l` nftr`e` en funv`s ncprns`s nxtr`fhnr`s, ns càs eojãiol dmtnfnr uf` eojnrnfio` c`ri`e` idf nll`s.
55
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 5> en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
5.9 [N]JOL EN I@[@IOE@ENY
@FÀLOYOY OFUN]FD - JD]U@LNX@Y U`ml` Fd. > @fàlosos Oftnrfd Jdrt`lnz`s
I@[@IOE@E
JD]U@LNX@ @ltd Cneod
0. Oftnar`ioùf vnrtoi`l nst` nf l` i`enf` en v`ldrns nf lds eds snitdrns8 sniufe`rod y tnrio`rod2 tr`fsjdrc`ioùf tr`fsjdrc` ioùf y idcnrio`loz` idcnrio`loz`ioùf ioùf
W
=. @tnfioùf pnrsdf`loz`e` en ilonftns
W
9. I`loe`e y idfjo`moloe`e enl snrvoiod
W
5. Cnhdr prnsnft`ioùf en lds snrvoiods y prdeuitds, idcp`r`ed idf nl en lds idcpntoedrns
W
>. ]ne en ilonftns idfsdloe`e`
W
:. I`p`ioe`e en `tnfioùf eornit`
W
1. L` anrnfio` nstà idcprdcntoe` idf l` offdv`ioùf y nl ens`rrdlld en funvds snrvoiods
W
7. @snsdrã`s idf nftns rnidfdioeds nf vnft`s en cnri`eds j`colo`rns
W
?. [nrsdf`l oftnar`l y idcpntnftn p`r` l` `tnfioùf
W
0;. C`ydr `iinsd ` funvds cnri`eds
W
0=. Eovnrsoe`e en snrvoiods y prdeuitds idf rnspnitd ` l` idcpntnfio`, `l nst`r ïstds pdsoiodf`eds nf nl cnri`ed Junftn8 [rdpo`
5>
W
M`hd
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 5: en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
@FÀLOYOY OFUN]FD - ENMOLOE@ENY U`ml` Fd. : @fàlosos Oftnrfd Enmoloe`ens
I@[@IOE@E
ENMOLOE@E @ltd Cneod M`hd
0. Fninsoe`e en uf` c`ydr junrz` en cnri`end
W
=. Nl pnrsdf`l fninsot` snr i`p`iot`ed idftofu`cnftn
W
9. Yostnc`s ofsujoionftns
tnifdlùaoids
y
en
idcufoi`ioùf
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W W
>. Ofst`l`iodfns en l` Ncprns` sof iucploconftd en l`s fdrc`s en inrtojoi`ioùf en i`loe`e :. [di` rntnfioùf en pnrsdf`l i`p`iot`ed Junftn8 [rdpo`
5:
W W
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
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@FÀLOYOY NWUN]FD - D[D]U^FOE@ENY U`ml` Fd. 1 @fàlosos Nxtnrfd Dpdrtufoe`ens
I@[@IOE@E
D[D]U^FOE@ENY @ltd Cneod
0. L`s idfeoiodfns enl snitdr en l` idcnrio`loz`ioùf sdf sujoionftncnftn sùloe`s. Nl ronsad ns m`hd, `ufqun nxostnf nlncnftds qun punenf `jnit`rld fd sdf
W
ocpdrt`ftns fo rnprnsnft`tovds rnprnsnft`tovds =. Irnioconftd en vnft`s enl snitdr
W
9. Nl snacnftd en cnri`ed qun c`fnh` l` ncprns` ns
W
m`st`ftn `cplod 5. Nl ULI, y` qun eoscofuyn nl idstd en l`s c`tnro`s proc`s en lds cnri`eds
W
>. Yuanrnfio`s nxtnrf`s. L`s suanrnfio`s en lds ilonftns y prdvnnedrns sdf uf` gnrr`conft` jufe`cnft`l y uf` dpdrtufoe`e en cnhdr`conftd
W
idftofud Junftn8 [rdpo`
51
M`hd
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 57 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
@FÀLOYOY NWUN]FD - @CNF@X@Y U`ml` Fd. 7 @fàlosos Nxtnrfd @cnf`z`s
I@[@IOE@E
@CNF@X@Y @ltd
0. J`lt` en `pdyd jof`fionrd. Ns cuy eojãiol l` `yue` jof`fionr`, lds rnquosotds nxoaoeds pdr lds m`fids sdf fucnrdsds y nf l` c`ydrã` en ïstds fd sn iucplnf, eojoiult`fed l` ofvnrsoùf nf tnifdldaã`
W
=. L` irosos sdio`l nf qun sn nfiunftr` nl p`ãs
W
9. @itu`lcnftn sn nstàf irn`fed [_CNY idf prniods càs idcpntotovds p`r` nl cnri`ed dmhntovd en l` ncprns` CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@.
W
Junftn8 [rdpo`
57
Cneod
M`hd
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 5? en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
5.5 C@U]OX EDJ@ U`ml` Fd. ? C`troz EDJ@
NYU]@UNAO@Y JD
NYU]@UNAO@Y J@
C`ydr prdcdioùf y cnri`end en sus Inrtojoi`ioùf en l` ncprns` nf snrvoiods (J00 ’ D0 - D=-D5) D=-D5) Yostnc` en Anstoùf en I`loe`e, nl Yostnc` en oenftojoi`ioùf en ronsads ldi`tovds y nf l` ocplncnft`ioùf en cneoe`s en idftrdl p`r` prnvnfor, nlocof`r d rneuior lds ronsads ` uf fovnl `inpt`mln. (J9 ’ J7 ’ J? ’ J09 ’ @0 ’ @=) @ucnftd en l` rnft`moloe`e, irnionfed nf uf c`ydr pdrinft`hn l` prnst`ioùf en lds snrvoiods. (J= ’ J5 ’ J1 ’ J0; - J00 ’ J0= ’ @9) NYU]@UNAO@Y ED
NYU]@UNAO@Y E@ E@
Inrtojoi`r ` lds ncpln`eds nf l`s Zofiul`ioùf en uf ncpln`ed eneoi`ed idcpntnfio`s rnl`iodf`e`s idf su ` l` idfsniuioùf en funvds ilonftns. djoiod nspniãjoid (E= ’ E5 ’ E: ’ D9- (E0 ’ @=) D=) @cplo`ioùf en l` ncprns` p`r`
5?
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` >; en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
`ucnft`r l` djnrt` enl snrvoiod. (E> ’ @0) @itu`loz`ioùf pnrc`fnftn tnifdldaã`. (E9 ’ D0 ’ D>) D>)
en
Ens`rrdlld en prdar`c`s en ncpdenr`conftd `l pnrsdf`l en l` ncprns`. (E= ’ E: ’@=)
Junftn8 [rdpo`
5.> J@IUD]NY IL@ZNY EN ÏWOUD Ens`rrdlld tnifdlùaoid nf funvds nquopds en sostnc`s nspnio`loz`eds. nspnio`loz`eds. Idcnrio`loz`ioùf Idcnrio`loz`io ùf tnfonfed v`rone`e nf l` djnrt` enl snrvoiod. Ynrvoiods `eoiodf`lns idf v`ldr `arna`ed djrnioed `l ilonftn. Ocplncnft`ioùf en prdar`c`s en i`p`iot`ioùf, monfnst`r sdio`l y s`lue diup`iodf`l. ]n`loz`r `itovoe`ens en s`fn`conftd màsoid nf l` ncprns`, eoroaoe`s ` prdtnanr nl nidsostnc` y l` s`lue en lds tr`m`h`edrns. Enjofor prdar`c`s en anstoùf guc`f` qun cnhdrnf l`s idfeoiodfns l`mdr`lns en lds tr`m`h`edrns.
>;
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` >0 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
I@[OU^LD Z. []D[^NYU@
Ns ocpdrt`ftn ocplncnft`r nf l` ncprns` CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. uf Yostnc` @ecofostr`tovd qun pnrcot` uf` nstruitur` dpnr`iodf`l `idren `l U`lnftd @ecofostr`tovd Guc`fd, lna`lns, nidfùcoids, jãsoids, tïifoids idf qun iunft`2 p`r` t`l njnitd ns jufe`cnft`l entnrcof`r su Eorniiodf` Eorniiodf`conftd conftd Nstr`tïao Nstr`tïaoid. id. Nf nstn puftd enmnf ens`rrdll`rs ens`rrdll`rsnn v`rods `spnitds qun prdpdriod prdpdriodfnf fnf ` l` ncprns` gnrr`conft`s `eniu`e`s p`r` nl cnhdr`conftd enl eorniiodf`conftd nstr`tïaoid,, p`r` t`l njnitd sn entn nstr`tïaoid entnrcof`ràf rcof`ràf lds nln nlncnftds cnftds dra`fo dra`foz`iodf`lns z`iodf`lns y l` funv` nstruitur` dra`foz`iodf`l.
>.0 EO]NIIODF@CONFUD NYU]@UÏAOID []D[^NYUD
COYOÙF Nf CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. nst`cds idcprdcntoeds idf l` prnst`ioùf en snrvoiods oftnar`eds nf l` tr`cot`ioùf en ensiunftds idf enstofd ` supnrcnri`eds, pdr nl sostnc` en lomr`fz`s, en ùptoc` i`loe`e, `l mnfnjoiod sdio`l en funstrds usu`rods nf nl cufoiopod en Edsqunmr`e`s.
>0
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` >= en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
ZOYOÙF
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. tonfn idcd vosoùf snr nf nl `ðd =;0> uf` Ncprns` rnidfdioe` ` fovnl f`iodf`l idcd uf` en l`s cnhdrns nf l` tr`cot`ioùf en ensiunftds idf enstofd ` supnrcnri`eds, pdr nl sostnc` en lomr`fz`s, enl cufoiopod en Edsqunmr`e`s, idf nxinlnfio` nf lds snrvoiods djrnioeds y fovnl tnifdlùaoid musi`fed nl pnrc`fnftn cnhdr`conftd en i`loe`e.
[DLÃUOI@Y EN I@LOE@E
Nf CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. nst`cds idcprdcntoeds ` nsjdrz`rfds pdr cnhdr`r pnrc`fnftncnftn tdeds funstrds prdinsds, ` jof en ldar`r l` s`tosj`iioùf en lds ilonftns en l` c`fd idf nl ens`rrdlld tnifdlùaoid nf nl sostnc` en lomr`fz`s.
DMHNUOZDY EN I@LOE@E I@LOE@E 0. [dsoiodf`r l` ncprns` CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. enl snitdr idcnrio`loz`ioùf, nf nl cnri`ed enl cufoiopod en Edsqunmr`e`s.
en
l`
=. ]n`loz`r prdar`c`s en cnri`end qun idfllnvnf `l rnidfdioconftd en l` c`ri` CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. 9. Idfjdrc`r uf` rne en ilonftns nspniãjoids nf Edsqunmr`e`s. 5. @li`fz`r uf` `lt` rnft`moloe`e nf lds snrvoiods prdins`eds. >. Dmtnfnr inrtojoi`ioùf enl Yostnc` en Anstoùf en l` I`loe`e.
>=
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` >9 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Z@LD]NY ID][D]@UOZDY Lds v`ldrns qun sn tr`m`h`ràf nf l` ncprns` CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. snaøf l`s eojnrnftns idfvnrs`iodfns qun sn rn`loz`rdf idf ncpln`eds en l` Ncprns`, y qun sn enmnf tr`t`r en ocplncnft`r nf l` dra`foz`ioùf sdf8 0. NL IDC[]DCOYD M`s`ed nf uf` rnl`ioùf en rnioprdioe`e edfen sn tonfnf rnal`s il`r`s en p`rtn en l` dra`foz`ioùf y en lds idl`mdr`edrns lds iu`lns musi`f oftnar`r nl tr`m`hd monf gnigd, gnigd, idf nl v`ldr enl snr snrvoiod voiod y l` `utdnxoanfio` nf prd prd en l` supnr`ioùf eo`ro`, `l snftors snftorsnn p`rtn ocpdrt`ftn en l` d dra`foz`ioùf. ra`foz`ioùf. Irn`fed nnftdrfds ftdrfds dronft`eds `l tr`m`hd nf nquopd y ldard en dmhntovds idcufns. =. ]NY[DFY@MOLOE@E E`e` ensen nl rnspntd, l` i`p`ioe`e en `utd`fàlosos, nl idcprdcosd pdr l`s t`rn`s `soaf`e`s y nl s`mnr `sucor y rnspdfenr pdr l`s idfsniunfio`s en sus `itds, so sdf rnspdfs`mlns pderàf idfvovor `rcùfoi`cnftn, so sdf idfsionftns en qun tded `itd tonfn uf` idfsniunfio` qun enpnfen en nllds coscds. 9. GDFNYUOE@E Nxprns`fed nl rnspntd pdr ufd coscd y pdr lds encàs, s`monfed nlnaor `itu`r soncprn idf m`sn nf l` vnre`e, e`fed ` i`e` quonf ld qun ln idrrnspdfen. L` gdfr`enz ns sùld l` idfsniunfio` p`rtoiul`r en snr gdfnstds y hustds nf i`e` ufd en funstrds `itds.
>9
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` >5 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
5. ]NY[NUD @inpt`fed y idcprnfeonfed ` sus idcp`ðnrds y nquopds en tr`m`hd t`l idcd sdf `ufqun su jdrc` en pnfs`r fd sn` oau`l ` l` funstr`, v`ldr`r y idfsoenr`r l` eoafoe`e en i`e` ufd soncprn m`hd l` vnre`e, nl rnspntd fd tdlnr`r l` j`lsne`e fo l` cnftor` m`hd fofaøf prntnxtd qun `tnftn idftr` l` `rcdfã` en l` dra`foz`ioùf. >. YDLOE@]OE@E Ofilof`fed `l gdcmrn ` snftorsn ufoed ` sus sncnh`ftns y musi`fed l` iddpnr`ioùf nftrn nllds, ll`c`fed ` ocpuls`r lds vnre`enrds i`cmods qun j`vdrnzi`f nl ens`rrdlld y monfnst`r en tdeds idf ofoio`tov`s qun `yuenf ` snrvor ` lds encàs. :. Y^[N]@IODF
Cdtovàfedfds ` supnr`rfds nf tdeds lds `spnitds en funstr` voe`, vnfionfed lds dmstàiulds idf nl jof en ldar`r ld qun fds gncds prdpunstd. L` Yupnr`ioùf ns l` cosc` r`ãz enl snr guc`fd, ns l` qun vnfin lds lãcotns qun fds ocpoen ldar`r `laøf dmhntovd, ns nl ensnd en cnhdr`r pnrc`fnftncnftn pnrc`fnftncnftn y fd i`nr nf nl idfjdrcoscd.
>5
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` >> en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
NYU]^IU^]@ D]A@FOX@IODF@L
Aràjoid Fd. = Dra`foar`c` [rdpunstd
IDFU@ED] H^FU@ EO]NIUOZ@
AN]NFUN
EO]NIUD] IDCN]IO@L
EO]NIUD] EO]NIUD]
@EC. _ JOFION]D
@^WOLO@]NY @^WOLO@]NY
]NZOYD] JOYI@L
YNI]NU@]O@
@^WO. IDFUMLN
@YNYD]@Y
IDM]@ED]NY
Junftn8 [rdpo`
Idf l` funv` nstrui nstruitur` tur` dra`fo dra`foz`iodf`l z`iodf`l sn prn prntnfen tnfen vosu`loz`r vosu`loz`r en uf` jd jdrc` rc` càs oftnar`l i`e` uf` en l`s àrn`s qun idcpdfnf l` Dra`foz`ioùf. Nl àrn` `ecofostr`tov` tnferà ` su i`rad l` id iddreof`ioùf dreof`ioùf en l` idcpr` en ofsucd ofsucds, s, prdar`c`r nl rnqunroconftd nf i`ftoe`e y jnig`s, iddreof`r l` rninpioùf pdr topd en prdvnnedr. @sã coscd enmn anfnr`r lds ofjdrcns anrnfio`lns p`r` l` Huft` Eornitov`.
>>
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` >: en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Nl Eornitdr @ecofostr`tovd tnferà ` su i`rad l` iiddreof`ioùf ddreof`ioùf ldaãstoi` sd sdmrn mrn pnrcosds, ll`c`eds en `tnfioùf y l` nv`lu`ioùf en ensncpnðd, tonfn m`hd su rnspdfs`moloe`e rnspdfs`molo e`e vnrojoi`r qun l` pn pnrsdf` rsdf` ` quonf sn ln nnl`mdr` l`mdr` uf idftr` idftr`td td en tr`m`hd iucpl` idf nl pnrjol eosnð`ed p`r` nl i`rad y ` quonf sn ln njnitøn uf` i`finl`ioùf en idftr`td sn g`a` snaøf l`s eospdsoiodfns en lny p`r` fd tnfnr enc`fe`s jutur`s, loenr` lds prdar`c`s y rnufodfns en tde`s l`s àrn`s ` su i`rad, anfnr` l` ofjdrc`ioùf fnins`ro` p`r` nl p`ad en idcpnfs`iodfns ` lds ncpln`eds. @encàs tonfn `utdroe`e p`r` supnrvos`r y vnl`r qun sn iucpl`f l`s fdrc`s nf tdeds lds prdinsds y idl`mdr` nf l` iddreof`ioùf en i`p`iot`iodfns qun tnfa`f rnl`ioùf idf su àrn`. Nf Idcnrio`l sn tonfn uf` eorniioùf nfi`ra`e` en rnaostr`r, prdar`c`r y sucofostr`r lds ofsucds y nquopds fnins`rods p`r` uf` tnfioùf njoionftn y njoi`z. ]n`loz` `fàloso `fàlososs cnfsu`l n ofjdrcn ` l` Anrnfio` sdmrn lds rnsult`eds dmtnfoeds en l`s vnft`s cnfsu`lns.
>:
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` >1 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
>.= []DINYD _ []DINEOCONFUDY Yn prntnfen idf nl prnsnftn nstueod eosnð`r lds prdinsds y prdineoconftds nf nl àrn` en [nrsdf`l (U@LNFUD G^C@FD).
>.=.0
Oenftojoi`ioùf en lds [rdinsds Nstr`tïaoid, Cosodf`lns, en @pdyd y en Nv`lu`ioùf en l` Dra`foz`ioùf
Aràjoid Fd. 9 C`p` en [rdinsds []DIN []D INYD YD NYU]@U NYU]@U AOID AOID
ANYUOÙF AN]NFIO@L
[]DINYDY COYODF@LNY
I L O N F U N
Y^[N]CN]I @EDY
YN]ZOIOD OFUNA]@L @L ILONFUN
LOM]@FX@Y
[]DINYDY EN @[D_D ANYUOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@
ANYUOÙF EN YN]ZOIODY
[]DINYD EN NZ@L^@IOÙF
]NZOYD]Ã@ JOYI@L
Junftn8 [rdpo`
I L O N F U N
>1
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
>.=.=
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` >7 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Ensiropioùf en Ofeoi`edrns en Anstoùf
Lds soauonftns ofeoi`edrns pnrcotnf cneor y nv`lu`r nf jdrc` pnrc`fnftn lds rnsult`eds dmtnfoeds en l` Anstoùf en lds prdinsds. U`ml` Fd. 0; Ofeoi`edrns en Anstoùf
OFEOI@ED]NY EN ANYUOÙF OFEOI@ED]NY []D[^NYUDY Punh`s ]nil`cds
JÙ]C^L@ Fd. en qunh`s y rnil`cds pnroded `itu`l/Fd. en qunh`s y rnil`cds pnroded `ftnrodr
< 9;% Cnfsu`l
;/0 3 ;%
I`p`iot`ioùf
(Fd. gdr`s eneoi`e`s ` i`p`iot`ioùf / Udt`l en tr`m`h`edrns) * 0;;
67;% Yncnstr`l
7 /01 3 51%
@usnftoscd
(Føcnrd eã`s pnreoeds/Udt`l en [nrsdf`l * Føcnrd en eã`s tr`m`h`eds) *0;;
%
((Ofarnsds + s`loe`s)/=/ Udt`l en Ur`m`h`edrns enl pnroded) * 0;;
? en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
OFEOI@ED]NY EN ANYUOÙF OFEOI@ED]NY []D[^NYUDY
JÙ]C^L@ nl pnroded/ Fd. Ur`m`h`edrns nf nl coscd pnroded) * 0;;
Iloc` L`mdr`l
Y`tosj`iioùf
Ydluioùf Idfjloitds
CNU@ _ ØLUOC@ J]NI^NFIO@ CNEOIOÙF Cnfsu`l
Fd. en qunh`s d rnil`cds l`mdr`lns rniomoeds / Føcnrd tdt`l tr`m`h`edrns
%
tr`m`h`edrns en Fd. en Idfjloitds l`mdr`lns sdluiodf`eds / Fd. Idfjloitds l`mdr`lns prnsnft`eds
;%
=/01 3 0=% 0>/01 3
Urocnstr`l
77%
67>%
;/; 3 0;;%
Urocnstr`l
Junftn8 [rdpo`
>.=.9 Ensiropioùf en l`s Z`ro`mlns en Anstoùf A nstoùf Punh`s y ]nil`cds ]nil`cds88 Nv`lø` nl føcnrd en qunh`s y rnil`cds rniomoeds pdr l` ncprns` nf nl cns y lds idcpr` idf lds enl cns `ftnrodr idf nl jof en prdinenr ` njnitu`r nstr`tnao`s en cnhdr`conftd idf nl jof en eoscofuor l`s qunh`s y rnil`cds en sus ilonftns. I`p`iot`ioùf 8 Idf nst` v`ro`mln l` ncprns` dmsnrv` idcd g` soed nl I`p`iot`ioùf8 iucploconftd en l` prdar`c`ioùf rn`loz`e` pdr l` ncprns` idftr` l` nhniut`e` nf oau`l pnroded y nl pnrsdf`l en l` ncprns` `m`ri`ed nf nst`s i`p`iot`iodfns.
>?
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` :; en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
@usnftoscd8 I`liul` l`s gdr`s gdcmrn tr`m`h`e` tr`m`h`e`ss idftr` l`s gdr`s fd l`mdr`e`s eur`ftn uf pnroded en toncpd, nl `usnftoscd l`mdr`l càs qun uf ofeoi`edr, ns uf sãftdc` qun rnvnl` fd sùld lds prdmlnc`s ` fovnl enl ncpln`ed sofd t`cmoïf t`cmoïf lds eojoiult`ens qun prnsnft` l` dra`foz`ioùf. dra`foz`ioùf. Ns uf j`itdr j`itdr qun ns ocpdsomln en prnvnr y anfnr` cuig`s vnins ensidfionrtd y` qun l` pl`fn`ioùf en l` prdeuiioùf nstà nf jufioùf en l` eospdfomoloe`e en l` c`fd en dmr`. [rdeuitovoe`e8 Ofeoi` ` l` ncprns` idcd g` soed l` prdeuiioùf cnfsu`l en i`e` ufd en sus tr`m`h`edrns idf rnspnitd `l tdt`l en nstds eur`ftn nl cns y pnrcotor nstueo`r nstr`tnao`s en cnhdr`conftd idf `qunllds qun fd iucplnf idf nl cãfocd en prdeuiioùf nst`mlnioed pdr l` Dra`foz`ioùf. ]dt`ioùf88 Coen nl pdrinft`hn rn`l enl toncpd en ]dt`ioùf
pnrc`fnfio` en lds
ncpln`eds nf l` ncprns` idf rnspnitd ` lds ncpln`eds ensvofiul`eds nf oau`l pnroded en toncpd. Znft`s8 ]naostr` l`s vnft`s rn`lns qun njnitød l` ncprns` idf rnspnitd ` ld sdloiot`ed pdr lds ilonftns n ofvnstoa`r tàitoi`s qun lds llnvnf ` iucplor idf nl ionf pdr ionftd en ld sdloiot`ed. Envdluiodfns8 I`liul` l` i`ftoe`e en snrvoiods rniomoeds pdr ofidfjdrcoe`e en p`rtn en lds ilonftns pdr pneoeds fd idfjdrcns rnspnitd ` uf entnrcof`ed pnroded idftr` ld ensp`ig`ed nf oau`l pnroded en toncpd, idf nl jof en idrrnaor y eoscofuor `l cãfocd nst`s. @iioenft`loe`e8 Nv`lø` nl føcnrd en `iioenftns rnaostr`eds nf uf pnroded en toncpd idf rnspnitd `l føcnrd en tr`m`h`edrns nxostnftns nf l` dra`foz`ioùf
:;
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` :0 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
eur`ftn oau`l pnroded y rn`loz` i`cp`ð`s nf Y`lue Diup`iodf`l idf nl jof en ldar`r l` eoscofuioùf en nvnftds nf l` ncprns` Iloc` L`mdr`l8 Coen lds cdtovds pdr lds qun l`s pnrsdf`s qun tr`m`h`f nf uf` dra`foz`ioùf sn sonftnf càs d cnfds cdtov`e`s `l nhnrinr sus dmloa`iodfns prdjnsodf`lns. Idfdinr l`s i`us`s sumy`inftns en l` cdtov`ioùf ns cuy ocpdrt`ftn, pdrqun pnrcotn `itu`r sdmrn nll`s p`r` `ucnft`r l` cdtov`ioùf en l`s pnrsdf`s. Y`tosj`iioùf8 Nv`lø` l` `itotue enl tr`m`h`edr jrnftn ` su prdpod tr`m`hd, eoig` `itotue nstà m`s`e` nf l`s irnnfio`s y v`ldrns qun nl tr`m`h`edr ens`rrdll` en su prdpod tr`m`hd. L`s `itotuens sdf entnrcof`e`s idfhuft`cnftn pdr l`s i`r`itnrãstoi`s `itu`lns enl punstd idcd pdr l`s pnrinpiodfns qun tonfn nl tr`m`h`edr en ld qun enmnrã`f snr. snr. Ydluioùf en Idfjloitds8 Entnrcof` nl ãfeoin en idfjloitds diurroeds iu`fed eds d càs v`ldrns, pnrspnitov`s u dpofodfns sdf idftr`eoitdro`s pdr f`tur`lnz` d fd punenf snr rnidfiolo`e`s, d nl snauoconftd en dmhntovds ofidcp`tomlns pdr eojnrnftns pnrsdf`s d arupds.
>.=.5 C`fu`l en [rdinsds y [rdineoconftds en l` ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
:0
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` := en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
OENFUOJOI@IOÙF ENL []DINYD 0. FDCM]N ENL []DINYD8 ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD =. À]N@ UOU^L@]8 EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFYU]@UOZ@ _ JOF@FION]@ 9. DMHNUOZD8 @ecofostr`r en c`fnr` njoi`z, njoionftn y njnitov` nl U`lnftd Guc`fd en l` Ncprns`, musi`fed idftromuor pnrc`fnftncnftn ` l` cnhdr` en l`s idcpntnfio`s y nl `cmonftn en tr`m`hd. 5. ]NY^LU@EDY NY[N]@EDY8 U`lnftd Guc`fd idcpntnftn, cdtov`ed y idcprdcntoed idf sus jufiodfns. >. LOCOUNY [^FUD OFOIO@L8 Oenftojoi`io O enftojoi`ioùf ùf en fninsoe`ens en U`lnftd Guc`fd. [^FUD JOF@L8 ]ntord enl Ncpln`ed en l` Ncprns`. :. JD]C@UDY D OC[]NYDY8 I`rt` en Idfvdi`tdro`, I`rt` en Monfvnfoe`, Ensiropioùf enl I`rad, Ofjdrcn en Ynlniioùf, Idfinptd en [runm`s, ]nqunroconftd en [nrsdf`l, Gdh` en Zoe`, Ediucnftds en Idftr`t`ioùf, @utdroz`ioùf p`r` `jolo`ioùf `l Yostnc` Anfnr`l en Ynauroe`e Ydio`l, Ydloiotue `pnrtur` iunft` en fùcof`, ]ncosoùf ` Nxàcnfns Cïeoids, Ofjdrcn en Ofeuiioùf y Jdrc`tds en Nv`lu`ioùf enl Ensncpnðd. 1. ]ONYADY8 Zofiul`ioùf en tr`m`h`edrns sof nl pnrjol rnqunroed p`r` ensncpnð`r nl i`rad, `eultnr`ioùf en ediucnftds nxoaoeds, enjoionftn
:=
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` :9 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
ofeuiioùf, enjoionftn ofjdrc`ioùf en fninsoe`ens en i`p`iot`ioùf, j`lt` en prnsupunstd. 7. IDFU]DLNY NHN]IOEDY8 [runm`s en idfdioconftd, idfdioconftd, nftrnvost`s, vnrojoi`ioùf en ofjdrc`ioùf, rnufodfns pnroùeoi`s enl àrn`, rn`loz`ioùf en snauoconftds ` lds prdineoconftds nst`mlnioeds nf nl prdinsd.
:9
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` :5 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
?. ENYI]O[IOÙF ANFN]@L ENL []DINYD
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[]DINYD EN U]@FYJD]C@IOÙF
Y@LOE@Y
Nst`mlnioconftd en
Fninsoe`ens en pnrsdf`l, fninsoe`ens en i`p`iot`ioùf, fninsoe`ens en monfnst`r l`mdr`l, sdloiotue en ofjdrcns, rntrd`locnft`ioùf en ldards dmtnfoeds rntr`sdsy/d prnsnft`eds, rnidcnfe`iodfns ` lds prdinsds
fninsoe`ens en pnrsdf`l Nst`mlnioconftd enl iucploconftd en rnquosotds p`r` l` prdvosoùf en pnrsdf`l Llnv`r ` i`md nl prdineoconftd en idfvdi`tdro` y snlniioùf Nhniut`r tràcotns en vofiul`ioùf en pnrsdf`l Llnv`r ` i`md l` ofeuiioùf en pnrsdf`l @ecofostr`r nl prdar`c` en i`p`iot`ioùf ofstotuiodf`l @ecofostr`r nl prdar`c` en monfnst`r l`mdr`l ]n`loz`r nv`lu`ioùf enl enl e ens nsnc nc nðd nðd
I`p`iot`iodfns, pnrsdf`l idcpntnftn, monfnst`r ofstotuiodf`l, ofjdrcns, ofjdrc`ioùf sdmrn fninsoe`ens p`r` nl iucploconftd en jufiodfns, `ploi`ioùf `iiodfnsen idrrnitov`s y prnvnftov`s
:5
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` :> en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` :: en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
00. EO@A]@C@ EN JL^HD
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YNLNIIOÙF EN [N]YDF@L
IDFU]@U@IOÙF EN [N]YDF@L
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
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@.OENFUOJOI@IOÙF ENL []DINEOCONFUD 0. FDCM]N ENL []DINEOCONFUD8 YNLNIIOÙF EN [N]YDF@ [N]YDF@LL [rdineoconftd qun pnrcotn fd sdl`cnftn en `inpt`r d rnig`z`r i`feoe`tds, so fd idfdinr sus `ptotuens y iu`loe`ens idf dmhntd en idldi`rld nf nl punstd càs ` jof ` sus i`r`itnrã sstoi`s. toi`s. Udc` idcd m`sn qun tded ofeovoeud punen y nstà nf i`p`ioe`e en tr`m`h`r. =.
]NY[DFY@MLN8 EO]NIUD] @ECOFOYU]@UOZD _ JOF@FION]D _
AN]NFUN 9. DMHNUOZD8 Joh`r p`ut`s anfnr`lns ` jof en snlniiodf`r pnrsdf`l nf i`sd en v`i`fio` enjofotov` d tncpdr`l en uf i`rad 5. ]NY^LU@EDY NY[N]@EDY8 Zofiul`ioùf en tr`m`h`edrns idf nl pnrjol rnqunroed p`r` ensncpnð`r nl i`rad >. LOCOUNY [^FUD OFOIO@L8 Nst`mlnioconftd Nst`mlnioconftd en fninsoe`ens en pnrsdf`l [^FUD JOF@L8 Nst`mlnioconf Nst`mlnioconftd td enl iuc iucploconftd ploconftd en rnquosotds p`r` l` prdvosoùf en pnrsdf`l :. JD]C@UDY D OC[]NYDY8 Ensiropioùf enl I`rad, Ofjdrcn en Ynlniioùf, Idfinptd en [runm`s 1. ]ONYADY8 Nst`mlnioconftd of`eniu`ed enl rnqunroconftd en pnrsdf`l 7. IDFU]DLNY NHN]IOEDY8 ]nvosoùf en l` sdloiotue en rnqunroconftd en pnrsdf`l, prnvod ` l` fninsoe`e en l` pl`ft` ?. ENYI]O[IOÙF ENL []DINEOCONFUD8
:1
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` :7 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Fd. 0 =
9 5 > :
@itovoe`e Yuran v`i`ftn Llnf` jdrcul`rod ]nquosoioùf en Ncpln`eds y l` nfvã` Idfsult` pnrjol enl punstd y rncufnr`ioùf Znrojoi` nf m`fid en e`tds so nxostnf i`feoe`tds Yo fd nxostnf, rnilut` funvds i`feoe`tds Znrojoi` qun lds
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Jrniunfio` Uoncpd E Y C D
nxpneonftns tnfa`f tde` l` ediucnft`ioùf 9 eã`s Eornitdr Eorniioùf pnrtofnftn @ecofostr`tovd y @ecofostr`tov` 1 @rigov` nxpneonftns y Jof. 7 Idfvdi` ` i`feoe`tds idf Jof. - Anrnftn Anrnfio` nxpneonftn idcplntd ? @ploi` y i`lojoi` prunm`s 0; Nftrna` rnsult`eds y nxpneonftns 00 ]nvos` nxpneonftns y `utdroz` ediucnft`ioùf 0= Idfvdi` i`feoe`tds prnsnlniiodf`eds Nftrnvost` ` i`feoe`tds Ynlniiodf` ` i`feoe`td Fdtojoi` sd sdmrn mrn snlniioùf y envunlvn nxpneonftns 0: Idfvdi` ` i`feoe`td snlniiodf`ed 01 Nftrnvost` i`feoe`td 07 ]ncotn ` i`feoe`td y fdtojoi` sdmrn idftr`t`ioùf
09 05 0>
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:7
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` :? en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
M. OENFUOJOI@IOÙF ENL []DINEOCONFUD 0. FDCM]N ENL []DINEOCONFUD8 IDFU]@U@IOÙF E EN N [N]YDF@ [N]YDF@LL [rdineoconftd qun pnrcotn jdrc`loz`r idf `pnad ` l` lny l` jutur` rnl`ioùf en tr`m`hd p`r` a`r`ftoz`r lds oftnrnsns y enrnigds, enrnigds, t`ftd enl tr`m`h`edr idcd l` idcd l` ncprns`. ncprns`.
=. ]NY[DFY@MLN8 EO]NIUD] @ECOFOYU]@UOZD _ JOF@FION]D JOF@FION]D 9. DMHNUOZD8 Idftr`t`r nl pnrsdf`l oeùfnd en `iunred idf l` sdloiotue enl ilonftn oftnrfd 5. ]NY^LU@EDY NY[N]@EDY8 [nrsdf`l oeùfnd idftr`t`ed >. LOCOUNY [^FUD OFOIO@L8 ]niomoconftd enl ediucnftd eoloanfio`ed “]nqunroconftd “]nqunroco nftd en [nrs [nrsdf`l– df`l– [^FUD JOF@L8 Monfvnfoe` `l ncpln`ed, uf` vnz iucploeds lds rnquosotds p`r` l` idftr`t`ioùf :. JD]C@UDY D OC[]NYDY8 Ediucnftd ]nqunroconftd en [nrsdf`l, Gdh` en Zoe`, Ediucnftds en Idftr`t`ioùf, @utdroz`ioùf p`r` `jolo`ioùf `l Yostnc` Anfnr`l en Ynauroe`e Ydio`l, Ydloiotue `pnrtur` iunft` en fùcof`, ]ncosoùf ` Nxàcnfns Cïeoids 1. ]ONYADY8 ]nqunroco ]nqunroconftd nftd en pnrsdf`l ofidcpln ofidcplntd td d eoloanfio`ed ofidrrnit`cnftn 7. IDFU]DLN IDFU]DLNY Y NHN]IOEDY8 Znrojoi` lds ediucnftds sdloiot`eds cneo`ftn nl jdrc`td en sdloiotue en ediucnftds ?. ENYI]O[IOÙF ENL []DINEOCONFUD8
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 1; en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Fd. @itovoe`e 0
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Jrniunfio ` Uoncpd E Y C D
]niomn nl ediucnftd eoloanfio`ed “]nqunroconftd en pnrsdf`l– Ydloiot` `l i`feoe`td nlnaoed l` Gdh` en Zoe` idf sus sdpdrtns Eoloanfio` tdeds lds ediucnftds en idftr`t`ioùf Nl`mdr` nl Idftr`td Nfvã` nl Idftr`td p`r` `utdroz`ioùf y jorc` enl Anrnftn
:
]niomn nl Idftr`td `utdroz`ed y jorc`ed 1 Znrojoi` qun nl Idftr`td nstï jorc`ed nf nl nsp`iod enstof`ed p`r` nl p`trdfd 7 Ydloiot` l` jorc` enl idftr`td pdr p`rtn enl funvd Eornitdr ncpln`ed ? Nfvã` `l ncpln`ed ` qun @ecofostr`tovd y Jof. rn`loin l` `pnrtur` en iunft` m`fi`ro` 0; Nfvã` `l ncpln`ed ` qun
00
0=
09
05 0>
rn`loin `jolo`ioùf en `l Yostnc` l` Anfnr`l Ynauroe`e Ydio`l ]niomn enl ncpln`ed nl inrtojoi`ed en `pnrtur` en iunft` m`fi`ro` ]naostr` nl føcnrd en l` iunft` m`fi`ro` p`r` nl p`ad en s`l`rod ]niomn enl ncpln`ed l`s idfst`fio`s en `jolo`ioùf `l YAYY ]naostr` l`s ncprns`s `jolo`edr`s enl YAYY ]n`loz`ioùf en l` m monfvnfoe` onfvnfoe` ` l` N Ncprns` cprns` y umoi`ioùf nnf f nl punstd en tr`m`hd
Eorniioùf @ecofostr`tov` y Jof.
0 eã`
W
1;
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 10 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
I. OENFUOJOI@IOÙF ENL []DINEOCONFUD 0. FDCM]N ENL []DINEOCONFUD8 OFE^IIOÙF EN [N]YDF@L [rdineoconftd qun pnrcotn nst`mlninr pl`fns y prdar`c`s idf nl dmhntovd en `inlnr`r l` oftnar`ioùf l` oftnar`ioùf enl ofeovoeud, nf nl cnfdr toncpd pdsomln, ` sus jufiodfns,, `l punstd en tr`m`hd, `l hnjn y `` l` jufiodfns l` dra`foz`ioùf dra`foz`ioùf.. =. ]NY[DFY@MLN8 EO]NIUD] @ECOFOYU]@UOZD _ JOF@FION]D 9. DMHNUOZD8 J`iolot`r l` `e`pt`ioùf n oftnar`ioùf enl funvd ncpln`ed ` l` Ncprns` 5. ]NY^LU@EDY NY[N]@EDY8 C`ftnfnr ofjdrc`eds ` lds funvds idl`mdr`edrns sdmrn l` `itovoe`e ` l` qun sn eneoi` l` Ncprns`, lds mnfnjoiods qun ln mrofe`, sus enrnigds y enmnrns >. LOCOUNY [^FUD OFOIO@L8 [nrsdf` idftr`t`e` [^FUD JOF@L8 [rdpdriodf`r `l rnioïf idftr`t`ed l`s m`sns p`r` uf` `e`pt`ioùf n oftnar`ioùf idf su arupd en tr`m`hd y idf sus jufiodfns :. JD]C@UDY D OC[]NYDY8 [rdar`c` en Ofeuiioùf, ]nal`cnftd Oftnrfd en Ur`m`hd, I`rt` en monfvnfoe`, I`rt` en idcprdcosd 1. ]ONYADY8 Fd ldar`r `e`pt`ioùf n oftnar`ioùf enl funvd ncpln`ed ` l` Ncprns` 7. IDFU]DLNY NHN]IOEDY8 @ploi`ioùf enl [rdar`c` en Ofeuiioùf, idf nl dmhntd en c`ftnfnr ofjdrc`eds ` lds funvds idl`mdr`edrns ?. OFEOI@ED]NY EN ANYUOÙF ^UOL ^UOLOX@EDY8 OX@EDY8 I`p`io I`p`iot`ioùf t`ioùf - Y`tosj`iioùf 0;. ENYI]O[IOÙF ENL []DINEOCONFUD8
10
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD Fd. @itovoe`e 0 = 9
5
>
:
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Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 1= en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0; Àrn`
[rnp`r` pnrsdf`s qun enmnf p`s`r pdr ofeuiioùf Ofeoi` jnig` en ofeuiioùf y rnofeuiioùf `l pnrsdf`l Yn prnsnft` nf nl sotod y jnig` ofeoi`e` `ftnrodrcnftn Nxploi` `inri` enl prdinsd en ofeuiioùf y rnofeuiioùf, prdinsds, prdineoconftds, fdrc`s y lnyns Ydloiot` `l Anrnftn nl s`lued ` lds ncpln`eds y l` ofjdrc`ioùf sdmrn eorniiodf`conftd nstr`tïaoid Llnv` ` tded nl pnrsdf`l ` uf rnidrroed pdr tde` l` Eorniioùf Eornitdr ncprns` @ecofostr`tov` Ur`sl`e` ` lds @ecofostr`tovd y y Jof. Jof. tr`m`h`edrns ` l`s àrn`s idrrnspdfeonftns Nxploi`f prdinsds enl àrn` [rnsnft` lds ncpln`eds `
pnrsdf`l enl àrn` 0; Yo nl tr`m`h`edr ns funvd sn ln g`in nftrna` enl punstd en tr`m`hd 00 Ydloiot` qun eoloanfionf nl jdrc`td en fninsoe`ens en nftrnf`conftd y lds rnidan 0= @ploi` lds Ofeoi`edrns en Anstoùf rnl`iodf`eds 09 Znrojoi` qun l`s fninsoe`ens sn rnl`iodfnf idf l`s `itovoe`ens ` i`ad 05 ]naostr` l`s fninsoe`ens 0> Nl`mdr` irdfdar`c`
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 19 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
E. OENFUOJOI@IOÙF ENL []DINEOCONFUD 0. FDCM]N ENL []DINEOCONFUD8 MONFNYU@] L@MD]@L [rdineoconftd qun pnrcotn irn`r, c`ftnfnr y cnhdr`r l`s idfeoiodfns qun j`vdrnzi`f nl ens`rrdlld oftnar`l enl ncpln`ed, nl cnhdr`conftd en su fovnl en voe` y nl en su j`colo`2 `sã idcd nlnv`r lds fovnlns en s`tosj`iioùf, njoi`io`, njoionfio`, njnitovoe`e njnitovoe`e n oenftojoi`ioùf idf nl snrvoiod qun djrnin ` l` ncprns`. =. ]NY[DFY@MLN8 EO]NIUD] @ECOFOYU]@UOZD _ JOF@FION]D 9. DMHNUOZD8 Irn`r, c`ftnfnr y cnhdr`r l`s idfeoiodfns qun j`vdrnzi`f nl ens`rrdlld en lds ncpln`eds, nl cnhdr`conftd en su fovnl en voe` y nl en su j`colo` 5. ]NY^LU@EDY NY[N]@EDY8 [nrsdf`l s`tosjnigd, njoionftn n oenftojoi`ed idf su tr`m`hd >. LOCOUNY [^FUD OFOIO@L8 ]nidlniioùf en l`s ofquontuens y fninsoe`ens en lds idl`mdr`edrns [^FUD JOF@L8 ]n`loz`ioùf en l` nv`lu`ioùf enl ens`rrdlld enl nvnftd en i`p`iot`ioùf :. JD]C@UDY D OC[]NYDY8 Eo`afùstoid en fninsoe`ens en lds tr`m`h`edrns, [l`f y Irdfdar`c` en @itovoe`ens, Ydloiotue en Eospdfomoloe`e [rnsupunst`l, [rnsupunst`l, Ofjdrcn en `itovoe`e rn`loz`e`, Nv`lu`ioùf enl nvnftd 1. ]ONYADY8 J`lt` en [rnsupunstd 7. IDFU]DLNY NHN]IOEDY8 Nl`mdr`ioùf Nl`mdr`ioùf en l` [l`fojoi`ioùf enl [rnsupunstd ?. OFEOI@ED]NY EN ANYUOÙF ^UOLOX@EDY8 Punh`s y ]nil`cds ’ @usnftoscd ’ @iioenft`loe`e ’ Iloc` L`mdr`l ’ Y`tosj`iioùf ’ Ydluioùf en Idfjloitds 0;. OENFUOJOI@IOÙF ENL []DINEOCONFUD8
19
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Fd. 0
=
9 5
]nspdfs`mln
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 15 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Àrn`
Uoncpd
@itovoe`e Nl`mdr` nl jdrc`td en fninsoe`ens en Monfnst`r L`mdr`l Ydloiot` ` lds ncpln`eds nl eoloanfio`conftd enl jdrc`td
Jrniunfio` E Y C D
]nidlnit` lds jdrc`tds en fninsoe`ens en Monfnst`r L`mdr`l Nl`mdr` nl eo`afùstoid en fninsoe`ens
> [rodroz` l`s fninsoe`ens en c`ydr p`rtoiop`ioùf nftrn lds ncpln`eds :
Nl`mdr` nl [l`f y irdfdar`c` en `itovoe`ens
1
Idtoz` nl idstd rnqunroed p`r` ens`rrdll`r l`s `itovoe`ens Nl`mdr` nl Nstueod en Idstds en Nvnftds
7
Eornitdr @ecofostr`tovd y ? Eoloanfio` l` sdloiotue en Jof. eospdfomoloe`e prnsupunst`l 0; ]niomn nl l` eospdfomoloe`e prnsupunst`l l` ldaãstoi` 00 Iddreof` 0= 09 05 0> 0:
rnqunroe` p`r` l` rn`loz`ioùf en l` `itovoe`e Llnvn ` i`md l` ofsiropioùf en ncpln`eds Iddreof` l` rn`loz`ioùf enl nvnftd Ydloiot` l` nv`lu`ioùf en l` `itovoe`e @ploi` lds Ofeoi`edrns en Anstoùf rnl`iodf`eds [rnsnft` nl ofjdrcn jof`l en ens`rrdlld en l`s `itovoe`ens en Monfnst`r L`mdr`l
Eorniioùf @ecofostr`tov` y Jof.
0 eã`
W
15
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 1> en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
N. OENFUOJOI@IOÙF ENL []DINEOCONFUD 0. FDCM]N ENL []DINEOCONFUD8 NZ@L^@IOÙF ENL ENYNC[NÐD [rdineoconftd rn`loz`ed pdr lds hnjns ofcneo`tds qun pnrcotn l` nv`lu`ioùf enl rnfeoconftd l`mdr`l en lds idl`mdr`edrns cneo`ftn uf prdinsd tïifoid, oftnar`l, sostncàtoid y idftofud. Yn v`ldr` nl idfhuftd en `itotuens, rnfeoconftds y idcpdrt`conftd l`mdr`l enl idl`mdr`edr nf nl ensncpnðd en su i`rad y iucploconftd en sus jufiodfns, nf tïrcofds en dpdrtufoe`e, i`ftoe`e y i`loe`e en lds snrvoiods prdeuioeds. =. ]NY[DFY@MLN8 EO]NIUD] @ECOFOYU]@UOZD _ JOF@FION]D 9. DMHNUOZD8 Nv`lu`r idcd nl pnrsdf`l pdfn nf pràitoi` sus idfdioconftds y nxpnronfio`` `equoroe` nxpnronfio 5. ]NY^LU@EDY NY[N]@EDY8 ]ntnfnr ` lds cnhdrns ncpln`eds >. LOCOUNY [^FUD OFOIO@L8 [nrsdf`l fd nv`lu`ed [^FUD JOF@L8 Udc` JOF@L8 Udc` en eniosodfns ` p`rtor en l`s nv`lu`iodfns rn`loz`e`s :. JD]C@UDY D OC[]NYDY8 I`rads idf sus Idcpntnfio`s 1. ]ONYADY8 Of`eniu`e` `soaf`ioùf en Idcpntnfio`s Anfnr`lns y Nspniãjoi`s enl punstd en tr`m`hd 7. IDFU]DLNY NHN]IOEDY8 Idftofu` rnvosoùf en l` enjofoioùf en l`s Idcpntnfio`s idf sus rnspnitovds ar`eds ?. OFEOI@ED]NY EN ANYUOÙF ^UOLOX@EDY8 [rdeuitovoe`e ’ ]dt`ioùf ’ Envdluiodfns 0;. OENFUOJOI@IOÙF ENL []DINEOCONFUD8
1>
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Fd. 0
= 9
5 > :
1
7
?
0;
00 0= 09 05 0>
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 1: en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
]nspdfs`mln Àrn` Uoncpd Jrniunfio` @itovoe`e E Y C D Enjofn l`s Idcpntnfio`s Anfnr`lns pdr àrn`s en l` Ncprns` Enjofn l`s Idcpntnfio`s Nspniãjoi`s pdr i`e` i`rad Enjofn lds ar`eds en l`s Idcpntnfio`s ` nv`lu`r pdr i`rad Znrojoi` id idf f l` Anrnfio` l`s idcpntnfio`s y ar`eds Ydloiot` rnufoùf enl Idcotï en Anrnfio` Ofjdrc` `l Idcotï en Anrnfio` sdmrn nl idftnfoed en l` nv`lu`ioùf Iddreof` idf i`e` ufd en lds hnjns en àrn` l` Eorniioùf 0 rn`loz`ioùf en rnufodfns W @ecofostr`tov` Ofjdrc` ` tdeds lds y Jof. Eornitdr ncpln`eds sdmrn l` `ploi`ioùf en l`s @ecofostr`tovd y Jof. nv`lu`iodfns Nftrnf` ` lds hnjns nf `ploi`ioùf en Nv`lu`iodfns en Ensncpnðd Iddreof` l` `ploi`ioùf en l` Nv`lu`ioùf enl Ensncpnðd pdr i`e` ufd en lds hnjns en àrn` @ploi` lds Ofeoi`edrns en Anstoùf rnl`iodf`eds ]niomn l`s nv`lu`iodfns Idfsdloe` lds rnsult`eds Nl`mdr` ofjdrcn [rnsnft` ` l` Anrnfio`
1:
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 11 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
J. OENFUOJOI@IOÙF ENL []DINEOCONFUD 0. FDCM]N ENL []DINEOCONFUD8 I@[@IOU@IOÙF EN [N]YDF@L [rdineoconftd qun pnrcotn cnhdr`r l` njoionfio` enl tr`m`hd en l` ncprns`, pnrcotonfed ` su vnz qun sn `e`ptn ` l`s funv`s ioriufst`fio`s prnsnft`e` prnsnft`e`ss t`ftd enftrd idcd junr` en l` dra`foz`ioùf. [rdpdriodf` ` lds ncpln`eds l` dpdrtufoe`e en `equoror c`ydrns `ptotuens, idfdioconftds y g`moloe`ens p`r` `ucnft`r sus idcpntnfio`s y ensncpnð`rsn idf ïxotd nf su punstd en tr`m`hd. =. ]NY[DFY@MLN8 EO]NIUD] @ECOFOYU]@UOZD _ JOF@FION]D 9. DMHNUOZD8 Idftromuor `l cnhdr`conftd enl pnrsdf`l prdcdvonfed su ens`rrdlld oftnar`l 5. ]NY^LU@EDY NY[N]@EDY8 [n [nrsdf`l rsdf`l idf l` i`p`ioe`e of ofeovoeu`l eovoeu`l y idlnitov`, p`r` `edpt`r idfdioconftds, g`moloe`ens y `itotuens nfi`cof`eds ` cnhdr`r su ensncpnðd l`mdr`l >. LOCOUNY [^FUD OFOIO@L8 Oenftojoi`ioùf en fninsoe`ens en jdrc`ioùf y i`p`iot`ioùf [^FUD JOF@L8 [nrsdf`l jdrc`ed y i`p`iot`ed p`r` nl ldard en lds dmhntovds en l` dra`foz`ioùf :. JD]C@UDY D OC[]NYDY8 [rdar`c` y Irdfdar`c` en I`p`iot`ioùf, Ydloiotue en Eospdfomoloe`e [rnsupunst`l 1. ]ONYADY8 I`p`iot`iodfns fd nfi`cof`e`s g`io` nl ldard en pdlãtoi`s, pl`fns, prdar`c`s, prdynitds y dmhntovds nstr`tïaoids en l` Ncprns` 7. IDFU]DLNY IDFU]DLNY NHN]IOEDY8 C`ftnfnr `itu`loz`eds `itu`loz`eds nf iu`ftd ` Fdrc`tovoe Fdrc`tovoe`e `e voanftn en l` s`lue y l` ocpdrt`fio` en su iucploc iucploconftd onftd ?. OFEOI@ED]NY EN ANYUOÙF ^UOLOX@EDY8 I`p`iot`ioùf ’ [rdeuitovoe`e ’ @iioenft`loe`e ?. OENFUOJOI@IOÙF ENL []DINEOCONFUD8
11
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD Fd. @itovoe`e 0
=
9 5 >
: 1 7 ?
0= 09 05
Àrn`
Uoncpd
Jrniunfio` E Y C D
Entnit` l`s fninsoe`ens n oenftojoi` g`moloe`ens y fninsoe`ens en lds idfdioconftds y ensncpnðd Eosnð` lds pl`fns y prdar`c`s en l` i`p`iot`ioùf, prdar`c`r rniursds, pl`fn`ioùf en l` `ecofostr`ioùf y jdrc` en nv`lu`ioùf Nl`mdr` nl eo`afdstoid en fninsoe`ens Nstruitur` nl idftnfoed y l` enjofoioùf en dmhntovds
Idtoz` nl idstd rnqunroed p`r` ens`rrdll`r l`s i`p`iot`iodfns Nl`mdr` nl Nstueod en Idstds en i`p`iot`iodfns Eoloanfio` l` sdloiotue en eospdfomoloe`e prnsupunst`l
Eornitdr ]niomn nl l` eospdfomoloe`e @ecofostr`tovd y Eorniioùf prnsupunst`l @ecofostr`tov` Jof. Eosnð` l` jdrc` en y Jof. nfsnð`fz` rnqunroe`
0; Nl`mdr` nl idftnfoed enl 00
]nspdfs`mln
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 17 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
prdar`c` jdllntds, lomrds, lomrds, `itovoe`ens, nftrn dtrds Z`loe`, nlocof`fed lds enjnitds enl prdar`c` y sdld sn prnsnft` ` ufds iu`ftds pnrd qun sn`f rnprnsnft`tovds Dra`foz` nl nvnftd Iddreof` l` rn`loz`ioùf enl nvnftd Nv`lø` nl nvnftd `ploi`fed lds Ofeoi`edrns en Anstoùf rnl`iodf`eds qun coe`f lds rnsult`eds p`r` entnrcof`r
nl ïxotd d jr`i`sd enl prdar`c` 0> G`in snauoconftd en l` i`p`iot`ioùf idf jofns en
0
W
idrrniioùf y `hustns ` ld prdar`c`s ocp`rtoeds
17
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 1? en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
>.9 NZ@L^@IOÙF ENL ENYNC[NÐD [D] IDC[NUNFIO@Y 9:;¸
>.9.0 [runm` y Z`loe`ioùf en l`s Idcpntnfio`s
L` prnsnftn nv`lu`ioùf en ensncpnðd 9:;¸ sn rn`loz`rà nf CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@., m`hd nl nsqunc` en Idcpntnfio`s, `f`loz`fed lds soauonftns i`rads8
0. Anrnftn =. Eornitdr @ecofostr`tovd y Jof`fionrd 9. Eornitdr Idcnrio`l 5. Ynirnt`ro` ’ @uxolo`r Idft`mln >. @snsdr` :. Idmr`edr 1. @uxolo`r
1?
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 7; en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
>.9.= Enjofoioùf en l`s Idcpntnfio`s I dcpntnfio`s idf sus rnspnitovds Ar`eds Loenr`zad Ns l` g`moloe`e fnins`ro` p`r` dronft`r l` `iioùf en lds arupds guc`fds nf uf` eorniioùf entnrcof`e`, ofspor`fed v`ldrns en `iioùf y `ftoiop`fed nsinf`rods en ens`rrdlld en l` `iioùf en nsn arupd. L` g`moloe`e p`r` joh`r dmhntovds, nl snauoconftd snauoconf td en eoigds dmhntovds y l` i`p`ioe`e en e`r jnnem`ib, oftnar`fed l`s dpofodfns en lds dtrds. Nst`mlninr il`r`cnftn eornitov`s, joh`r dmhntovds, prodroe`ens y idcufoi`rl`s. Unfnr nfnraã` y tr`fscotorl` ` dtrds. Cdtov`r n ofspor`r idfjo`fz`. Unfnr v`ldr p`r` enjnfenr d nfi`rf`r irnnfio`s, oen`s y `sdio`iodfns. C`fnh`r nl i`cmod p`r` `snaur`r idcpntotovoe`e y njnitovoe`e ` l`rad pl`zd. [l`ftn`r `monrt`cnftn lds idfjloitds p`r` dptocoz`r l` i`loe`e en l`s eniosodfns y l` njnitovoe`e en l` dra`foz`ioùf. [rdvnnr id`igofa y jnnem`ib p`r` nl ens`rrdlld en lds idl`mdr`edrns.
@8 @8 Dronft` l` `iioùf en su arupd nf uf` eorniioùf entnrcof`e`, ofspor`fed v`ldrns en `iioùf y `ftoiop`fed nsinf`rods. Joh` dmhntovds, rn`loz` su snauoconftd y e` jnnem`ib sdmrn su `v`fin oftnar`fed l`s dpofodfns en lds eojnrnftns oftnar`ftns. Uonfn nfnraã` y l` tr`fscotn ` dtrds nf pds en uf dmhntovd idcøf joh`ed pdr ïl coscd.
7;
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 70 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
M8 M8 Nl arupd ld pnriomn idcd lãenr, joh` dmhntovds y rn`loz` uf `eniu`ed snauoconftd mrofe`fed jnnem`ib ` lds eostoftds oftnar`ftns. Nsiuig` ` lds encàs y ns nsiuig`ed. I8 I8 [unen joh`r dmhntovds qun nl arupd `inpt` rn`loz`fed uf `eniu`ed snauoconftd en ld nfidcnfe`ed. E8 Nl arupd fd ld pnriomn idcd lãenr. Uonfn eojoiult`ens p`r` joh`r dmhntovds E8 `ufqun punen pdfnrlds nf c`rig` y g`inr su snauoconftd.
Dronft`ioùf `l Ilonftn
Ocploi` nl ensnd en `yue`r d snrvor ` lds ilonftns, en idcprnfenr y s`tosj`inr sus fninsoe`ens. Ocploi` nsjdrz`rsn pdr idfdinr y rnsdlvnr lds prdmlnc`s enl ilonftn, t`ftd enl ilonftn jof`l `l qun v`f eoroaoeds lds nsjunrzds en l` ncprns` idcd lds ilonftns en sus ilonftns y tdeds `qunllds qun iddpnrnf nf l` rnl`ioùf ncprns` ’ ilonftn, idcd lds prdvnnedrns y nl pnrsdf`l en l` dra`foz`ioùf. @8 @8 Nst`mlnin Nst`mlnin uf` rnl`ioùf idf pnrspnitov`s en l`rad pl`zd idf nl/lds ilonftn/s p`r` rnsdlvnr sus fninsoe`ens, enmonfed s`irojoi`r nf `lauf`s di`sodfns mnfnjoiods ofcneo`tds nf jufioùf en lds juturds. Musi` dmtnfnr mnfnjoiods ` l`rad pl`zd p`r` nl ilonftn, pnfs`fed ofilusd nf lds ilonftns en lds ilonftns. Ns uf rnjnrnftn enftrd en l` dra`foz`ioùf nf c`tnro` en `yue`r y s`tosj`inr l`s fninsoe`ens en lds ilonftns.
70
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 7= en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
M8 M8 [rdcunvn, y nf di`sodfns ld g`in pnrsdf`lcnftn, l` møsqune` en ofjdrc`ioùf sdmrn l`s fninsoe`ens l`tnftns, pnrd fd nxplãiot`s, enl ilonftn. Ofe`a` prd `itov`cnftn càs `llà en l`s fninsoe`ens qun nl/lds ilonftn/s c`fojonst`f nf uf profiopod y `eniu` lds prdeuitds y snrvoiods eospdfomlns ` ns`s fninsoe`ens. I8 c`ftonfn I8 c`ftonfn uf` `itotue en tdt`l eospdfomoloe`e idf nl ilonftn, mrofe`fed càs en ld qun ïstn nspnr`. Nl ilonftn soncprn punen nfidftr`rld. Eneoi` toncpd ` nst`r idf nl ilonftn y` sn` nf su prdpo` djoiof` d nf l` enl ilonftn.
E8 [rdcunvn, y nf di`sodfns ld g`in pnrsdf`lcnftn, nl idft`itd pnrc`fnftn E8 idf nl ilonftn p`r` c`ftnfnr uf` idcufoi`ioùf `monrt` idf ïl sdmrn l`s nxpnit`tov`s cutu`s y p`r` idfdinr nl fovnl en s`tosj`iioùf.
Ur`m`hd nf Nquopd Ocploi` l` i`p`ioe`e en idl`mdr`r y iddpnr`r idf lds encàs, en jdrc`r p`rtn en uf arupd y en tr`m`h`r huftds8 ld dpunstd ` g`inrld ofeovoeu`l y idcpntotov`cnftn. [`r qun nst` idcpntnfio` sn` njnitov`, l` `itotue enmn snr anfuof`. Ns idfvnfonftn qun nl diup`ftn enl punstd sn` concmrd en uf arupd qun jufiodfn nf nquopd. Nquopd, nf su enjofoioùf càs `cplo`, ns uf arupd en pnrsdf`s qun tr`m`h`f nf prdinsds, t`rn`s u dmhntovds idcp`rtoeds. Yo l` pnrsdf` ns uf føcnrd ufd en àrn` d ncprns`, l` idcpntnfio` “tr`m`hd nf nquopd– fd soafojoi` qun sus sumdreof`eds sn`f p`rns sofd qun dpnr`ràf idcd nquopd nf su àrn`/arupd.
7=
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 79 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
@8 @8 Jdrt`lnin Jdrt`lnin nl nspãrotu en nquopd nf tde` l` dra`foz`ioùf. Nxprns` s`tosj`iioùf pnrsdf`l idf lds ïxotds en sus p`rns d en dtr`s lãfn`s en fnadiods. Yn prndiup` pdr `pdy`r nl ensncpnðd en dtr`s àrn`s en l` idcp`ðã`, `ufqun l` dra`foz`ioùf fd ln en sujoionftn `pdyd. Nf mnfnjoiod en dmhntovds dra`foz`iodf`lns en l`rad pl`zd, ns i`p`z en s`irojoi`r oftnrnsns pnrsdf`lns d en su arupd iu`fed ns fnins`rod. Yn idfsoenr` qun ns uf rnjnrnftn nf nl c`fnhd en nquopds en tr`m`hd. M8 @foc` y cdtov` ` lds encàs. Ens`rrdll` nl nspãrotu en nquopd. @itø` p`r` ens`rrdll`r uf `cmonftn en tr`m`hd `costdsd, munf iloc` y nspãrotu en iddpnr`ioùf. ]nsunlvn lds idfjloitds qun sn pune`f prdeuior enftrd enl nquopd. I8 I8 Ydloiot` l` dpofoùf `l rnstd enl arupd. Z`ldr` sofinr`cnftn l`s oen`s y nxpnronfio` en lds encàs2 c`ftonfn uf` `itotue `monrt` p`r` `prnfenr en lds dtrds, ofilusd sus p`rns y sumdreof`eds. [rdcunvn l` idl`mdr`ioùf en lds eostoftds nquopds, enftrd en nllds y nftrn nllds. Z`ldr` l`s idftromuiodfns en lds encàs `ufqun tnfa`f eojnrnftns puftds en vost`. E8 Iddpnr`. E8 Iddpnr`. [`rtoiop` en munf ar`ed nf nl a arupd, rupd, `pdy` sus eniosodfns. ]n`loz` l` p`rtn en tr`m`hd qun ln idrrnspdfen. Idcd concmrd en uf nquopd, c`ftonfn ofjdrc`eds ` lds encàs y lds tonfn `l idrronftn en lds tnc`s qun ld `jnit`f. Idcp`rtn ofjdrc`ioùf.
Ofoio`tov` Ns l` prneospdsoioùf ` `itu`r prd `itov`cnftn y ` pnfs`r fd sùld nf ld qun g`y qun g`inr nf nl juturd. Ocploi` c`ri`r nl rucmd cneo`ftn `iiodfns idfirnt`s,
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Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 75 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
fd sùld en p`l`mr`s. Lds fovnlns en `itu`ioùf v`f ensen idfirnt`r eniosodfns tdc`e`s nf nl p`s`ed g`st` l` møsqune` en funv`s dpdrtufoe`ens d sdluiodfns en lds prdmlnc`s. @8 @8 Yn Yn `ftoiop` ` l`s sotu`iodfns idf uf` vosoùf ` l`rad pl`zd2 `itø` p`r` irn`r dpdrtufoe`ens d nvot`r prdmlnc`s qun fd sdf nvoenftns p`r` lds encàs. Nl`mdr` pl`fns en idftofanfio`. Ns prdcdtdr en oen`s offdv`edr`s. Yn idfsoenr` qun ns uf rnjnrnftn nf nst` idcpntnfio` y ns ocot`ed pdr dtrds.
M8 M8 Yn `enl`ft` y prnp`r` p`r` lds `idftnioconftds qun pune`f diurror nf nl idrtd pl`zd. Irn` dpdrtufoe`ens d cofocoz` lds prdmlnc`s pdtnfio`lns. Ns i`p`z en nv`lu`r l`s profiop`lns idfsniunfio`s en uf` eniosoùf ` l`rad pl`zd. Ns àaol nf l` rnspunst` ` lds i`cmods. @ploi` eostoft`s jdrc`s en tr`m`hd idf uf` vosoùf en cneo`fd pl`zd. I8 I8 Udc` eniosodfns nf cdcnftds en irosos, tr`t`fed en `ftoiop`rsn ` l`s sotu`iodfns qun pune`f suraor. @itø` ràpoe` y enioeoe`cnftn nf uf` irosos, iu`fed ld fdrc`l snrã` nspnr`r, `f`loz`r y vnr so sn rnsunlvn sdl`. Uonfn eostoftds nfjdquns p`r` nfjrnft`r uf prdmlnc`. E8 @mdre` dpdrtufoe`ens d prdmlnc`s enl cdcnftd. ]nidfdin l`s E8 dpdrtufoe`ens qun sn prnsnft`f, y d monf `itø` p`r` c`tnro`loz`rl`s d monf sn nfjrnft` ofcneo`t`cnftn idf lds prdmlnc`s.
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Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 7> en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Idl`mdr`ioùf I`p`ioe`e en tr`m`h`r nf idl`mdr` idl`mdr`ioùf ioùf idf arupds cultoeosioplof`rods, idf dtr`s àrn`s en l` dra`foz`ioùf u dra`foscds nxtnrfds idf lds qun enm` oftnr`itu`r. Ocploi` tnfnr nxpnit`tov`s pdsotov`s rnspnitd en lds encàs y idcprnfsoùf oftnrpnrsdf`l. @8 @8 Iucpln idf sus dmloa`iodfns sof ens`tnfenr pdr nlld lds oftnrnsns en dtr`s àrn`s y ns uf rnjnrnftn idfjo`mln en tdeds lds qun enmnf rnl`iodf`rsn idf su snitdr d enp`rt`cnftd. Uonfn sùloe` rnput`ioùf pnrsdf`l nf l` idcufoe`e ` l` qun pnrtnfnin, nstd rn`lz` su pnrc`fnftn idl`mdr`ioùf. M8 M8 [dr cneod en sus `itotuens, `lonft` `l munf ens`rrdlld en l`s t`rn`s en tdeds. Uonfn sùloe` rnput`ioùf prdjnsodf`l y anfnr` idfjo`fz` en lds encàs sof ensiuoe`r sus dmloa`iodfns nspniãjoi nspniãjoi`s. `s. I8 I8 Idcprnfen l` fninsoe`e en qun tdeds idl`mdrnf ufds idf dtrds p`r` l` cnhdr idfsniuioùf en lds dmhntovds anfnr`lns. E8 Nsi`s` prneospdsoioùf p`r` rn`loz`r tded `qunlld qun fd nstï enftrd en sus E8 Nsi`s` dmloa`iodfns nspniãjoi`s.
Dronft`ioùf ` lds ]nsult`eds Ns l` tnfenfio` `l ldard en rnsult`eds, joh`fed cnt`s ens`jo`ftns pdr nfioc` en lds nstàfe`rns, cnhdr`fed y c`ftnfonfed `ltds fovnlns en rnfeoconftd, nf nl c`rid en l`s nstr`tnao`s en l` dra`foz`ioùf.
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 7: en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
@8 @8 Yoncprn v` uf p`sd càs `enl`ftn nf nl i`cofd en lds dmhntovds joh`eds, prndiup`ed pdr lds rnsult`eds aldm`lns en l` ncprns`. Idftromuyn idf dtr`s àrn`s nf nl `lofn`conftd en sus dmhntovds pdr lds enjofoeds pdr l` ncprns` nf nl àcmotd ldi`l d oftnrf`iodf`l (snaøf idrrnspdfe`). Yn prndiup` pdr nl rnsult`ed en dtr`s àrn`s. @pdrt` sdluiodfns ofilusd jrnftn ` prdmlnc`s idcplnhds y nf nsinf`rods i`cmo`ftns, `pdrt` sdluiodfns en `ltd v`ldr `arna`ed p`r` l` dra`foz`ioùf.
M8 Nst`mlnin M8 Nst`mlnin sus dmhntovds idfsoenr`fed lds pdsomlns mnfnjoiods/rnft`moloe`e enl fnadiod. Idcprdcntn ` su nquopd nf nl ldard en nllds y ld ofst` ` `sucor ronsads en fnadiods i`liul`eds. Ncprnfen `iiodfns en cnhdr`, inftràfedsn nf l` dptocoz`ioùf en rniursds y idfsoenr`fed tde`s l`s v`ro`mlns. I8 Joh` I8 Joh` dmhntovds p`r` su àrn` nf idfidre`fio` idf lds dmhntovds nstr`tïaoids en l` dra`foz`ioùf. Ur`m`h` p`r` cnhdr`r su ensncpnðd oftrdeuionfed lds i`cmods fnins`rods nf l` ùrmot` en su `iiodf`r.
E8 Ur`m`h` p`r` `li`fz`r lds nstàfe`rns enjofoeds pdr lds fovnlns supnrodrns, nf E8 Ur`m`h` lds toncpds prnvostds y idf lds rniursds qun sn ln `soaf`f. Yùld nf di`sodfns ldar` `itu`r en c`fnr` njoionftn jrnftn ` lds dmstàiulds d ocprnvostds.
Idcufoi`ioùf Ns l` i`p`ioe`e en nsiuig`r, g`inr prnauft`s, nxprns`r idfinptds n oen`s nf jdrc` njnitov`, nxpdfnr `spnitds pdsotovds. pdsotovds. L` g`moloe`e en s`mnr iuàfed y `
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 71 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
quoïf prnauft`r p`r` llnv`r `enl`ftn uf prdpùsotd. Ns l` i`p`ioe`e en nsiuig`r `l dtrd y idcprnfenrld. Idcprnfenr l` eofàcoi` en arupds y nl eosnðd njnitovd en rnufodfns. Ofiluyn l` i`p`ioe`e en idcufoi`r pdr nsirotd idf idfiosoùf y il`roe`e. @8 @8 Ns rnidfdioed pdr su g`moloe`e p`r` oenftojoi`r lds cdcnftds y l` jdrc` `eniu`eds p`r` nxpdfnr eojnrnftns sotu`iodfns nf l`s pdlãtoi`s en l` dra`foz`ioùf y ll`c`ed pdr dtrds p`r` idl`mdr`r nf nst`s sotu`iodfns. ^toloz` gnrr`conft`s y cntdedldaã`s p`r` eosnð`r y prnp`r`r l` cnhdr nstr`tnao` en i`e` idcufoi`ioùf. M8 Ns M8 Ns rnidfdioed nf su àrn` en ofiucmnfio` pdr snr uf oftnrldiutdr idfjo`mln y pdr su g`moloe`e p`r` idcprnfenr eojnrnftns sotu`iodfns y c`fnh`r rnufodfns. I8 I8 Yn idcufoi` sof ruoeds nvoenftns idf dtr`s pnrsdf`s t`ftd nf jdrc` dr`l idcd nsirot`. E8 Nf E8 Nf di`sodfns sus rnspunst`s dr`lns d nsirot`s fd sdf monf oftnrprnt`e`s.
I`loe`e enl Ur`m`hd Ocploi` tnfnr `cplods idfdioconftds en lds tnc`s enl àrn` qun nstï m`hd su rnspdfs`moloe`e. [dsnnr l` i`p`ioe`e en idcprnfenr l` nsnfio` en lds `spnitds idcplnhds. Encdstr`r i`p`ioe`e p`r` tr`m`h`r idf l`s jufiodfns en su coscd fovnl y en fovnlns eojnrnftns. Unfnr munf` i`p`ioe`e en eosinrfoconftd (huoiod). Idcp`rtor idf lds encàs nl idfdioconftd prdjnsodf`l y nxpnrtoio`. M`s`rsn nf
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Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 77 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
lds gnigds y nf l` r`zùf (nquolomrod). Encdstr`r idfst`ftncnftn oftnrïs nf `prnfenr. @8 @8 Nftonfen y idfdin tded tdedss lds tnc`s tnc`s rnl`iodf`e rnl`iodf`eds ds idf su nspnio`loe`e, su idftnfoed y nsnfio` `uf nf lds `spnitds càs idcplnhds. Idcp`rtn idf lds encàs su idfdioconftd y nxpnrtoio`. Ns rnjnrnftn nftrn sus p`rns y nf l` idcufoe`e edfen `itø`. Encunstr` idfst`ftncnftn oftnrïs pdr `prnfenr. M8 M8 Nftonfen y idfdin tdeds lds tnc`s rnl`iodf`eds idf su nspnio`loe`e. Ld v`ldroz`f pdr sus idfdioconftds. idfdioconftds. Encunstr` oftnrïs pdr `prnfenr. I8 I8 Idfdin `eniu`e`cnftn tdeds lds tnc`s rnl`iodf`eds idf su nspnio`loe`e idcd p`r` iucplor su jufioùf. E8 Idfdin tnc`s rnl`iodf`eds idf su nspnio`loe`e sof `li`fz`r nl fovnl E8 rnqunroed d `ufqun ïstds sn`f `eniu`eds, fd encunstr` oftnrïs pdr `prnfenr.
@e`pt`moloe`e @e`pt`moloe` e `l I`cmod
Ns l` i`p`ioe`e p`r` `e`pt`rsn y `vnforsn ` lds i`cmods, cdeojoi`fed so junsn fnins`rod su prdpo` idfeuit` p`r` `li`fz`r entnrcof`eds dmhntovds iu`fed suranf eojoiult`ens, funv` ofjdrc`ioùf, d i`cmods enl cneod, y` sn`f enl nxtdrfd nxtnrodr, en l` prdpo` dra`foz`ioùf, en l` enl ilonftn d en lds rnqunroconftds rnqunroco nftds enl tr`m`hd nf sã. @8 @8 ]n`loz` `e`pt`iodfns dra`foz`iodf`lns y nstr`tïaoi`s ` idrtd, cneo`fd y l`rad pl`zd nf rnspunst` ` lds i`cmods enl nftdrfd d l`s fninsoe`ens en l`
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Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 7? en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
sotu`ioùf. Nv`lø` sostncàtoi`cnftn su nftdrfd `tnftd ` i`cmods qun pueonr`f prdeuiorsn. M8 M8 @e`pt` tàitoi`s y dmhntovds p`r` `jrdft`r uf` sotu`ioùf d sdluiodf`r prdmlnc`s. Yostncàtoi`cnftn rnvos` y nv`lø` l`s idfsniunfio`s pdsotov`s y/d fna`tov`s en l`s `iiodfns p`s`e`s p`r` `arna`r v`ldr. I8 I8 Nv`lø` y dmsnrv` l` sotu`ioùf dmhntov`cnftn y punen rnidfdinr l` v`loenz enl puftd en vost` en dtrds, utoloz`fed eoig` ofjdrc`ioùf en c`fnr` snlnitov` p`r` cdeojoi`r su `iiodf`r. ]nvos` sotu`iodfns p`s`e`s p`r` cdeojoi`r su `iiodf`r `ftn sotu`iodfns funv`s. E8 Yoaun soncprn lds prdineoconftds. Nf di`sodfns punen rnidfdinr l` v`loenz E8 Yoaun en dtrds puftds en vost` y cdeojoi`r su `iiodf`r.
Dronft`ioùf `l Ilonftn Ocploi` nl ensnd en `yue`r d snrvor ` lds ilonftns, en idcprnfenr y s`tosj`inr sus fninsoe`ens. Ocploi` nsjdrz`rsn pdr idfdinr y rnsdlvnr lds prdmlnc`s enl ilonftn, t`ftd enl ilonftn jof`l `l qun v`f eoroaoeds lds nsjunrzds en l` ncprns` idcd lds ilonftns en sus ilonftns y tdeds `qunllds qun iddpnrnf nf l` rnl`ioùf ncprns` ’ ilonftn, idcd lds prdvnnedrns y nl pnrsdf`l en l` dra`foz`ioùf. @8 @8 Nst`mlnin Nst`mlnin uf` rnl`ioùf idf pnrspnitov`s en l`rad pl`zd idf nl/lds ilonftn/s p`r` rnsdlvnr sus fninsoe`ens, enmonfed s`irojoi`r nf `lauf`s di`sodfns mnfnjoiods ofcneo`tds nf jufioùf en lds juturds.
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` ?; en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Musi` dmtnfnr mnfnjoiods ` l`rad pl`zd p`r` nl ilonftn, pnfs`fed ofilusd nf lds ilonftns en lds ilonftns. Ns uf rnjnrnftn enftrd en l` dra`foz`ioùf nf c`tnro` en `yue`r y s`tosj`inr l`s fninsoe`ens en lds ilonftns. M8 M8 [rdcunvn, y nf di`sodfns ld g`in pnrsdf`lcnftn, l` møsqune` en ofjdrc`ioùf sdmrn l`s fninsoe`ens l`tnftns, pnrd fd nxplãiot`s, enl ilonftn. Ofe`a` prd`itov`cnftn càs `llà en l`s fninsoe`ens qun nl/lds ilonftn/s c`fojonst`f nf uf profiopod y `eniu` lds prdeuitds y snrvoiods eospdfomlns ` ns`s fninsoe`ens. I8 C`ftonfn I8 C`ftonfn uf` `itotue en tdt`l eospdfomoloe`e idf nl ilonftn, mrofe`fed càs en ld qun ïstn nspnr`. Nl ilonftn soncprn punen nfidftr`rld. Eneoi` toncpd ` nst`r idf nl ilonftn y` sn` nf su prdpo` djoiof` d nf l` enl ilonftn. E8 [rdcunvn, y nf di`sodfns ld g`in pnrsdf`lcnftn, nl idft`itd pnrc`fnftn E8 idf nl ilonftn p`r` c`ftnfnr uf` idcufoi`ioùf `monrt` idf ïl sdmrn l`s nxpnit`tov`s cutu`s y p`r` idfdinr nl fovnl en s`tosj`iioùf.
Ncpdwnrcnft Nst`mlnin il`rds dmhntovds en ensncpnðd y l`s idrrnspdfeonftns rnspdfs`moloe`ens rnspdfs`molo e`ens pnrsdf`lns. [rdpdriodf` eorniioùf y enjofn rnspdfs`moloe`ens. @prdvnig` il`r`cnftn l` eovnrsoe`e (gntnrdanfnoe`e) en lds concmrds enl nquopd p`r` ldar`r uf v`ldr `ð`eoed supnrodr p`r` nl fnadiod. Idcmof` `eniu`e`cnftn `eniu`e`c nftn sotu`iodfns, pnrsdf`s y toncpds. t oncpds. Uonfn `eniu`e` oftnar`ioùf `l nquopd en tr`m`hd. Idcp`rtn l`s idfsniunfio`s en lds rnsult`eds idf tdeds lds
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Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` ?0 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
ofvdluir`eds. Ncprnfen `iiodfns njoi`ins p`r` cnhdr`r nl t`lnftd y l`s i`p`ioe`ens en lds encàs. @8 @8 Nst`mlnin il`rds dmhntovds en ensncpnðd y `soaf` l`s idrrnspdfeonftns rnspdfs`moloe`ens rnspdfs`molo e`ens pnrsdf`lns pnrsdf`lns.. @prdvnig` l` eovnrsoe`e en su nquopd p`r` ldar`r uf v`ldr `ð`eoed supnrodr p`r` nl fnadiod. Iucpln l` jufioùf en idfsnhnrd idfjo`mln, idcp`rtonfed l`s idfsniunfio`s en lds rnsult`eds idf tdeds lds ofvdluir`eds. Ncprnfen pnrc`fnftnss `iiodfns p`r` cnhdr`r nl t`lnftd y l`s i`p`ioe`ens en lds encàs. pnrc`fnftn
M8 M8 Joh` dmhntovds en ensncpnðd `soaf`ed rnspdfs`moloe`ens y `prdvnig`fed `eniu`e`cnftn lds v`ldrns ofeovoeu`lns en su nquopd, en cded en cnhdr`r nl rnfeoconftd rnfeoconf td enl fnadiod. I8 Joh` I8 Joh` dmhntovds y `soaf` rnspdfs`moloe`ens nf nl nquopd. E8 Uonfn nsi`s` i`p`ioe`e p`r` tr`fscotor dmhntovds E8 rnspdfs`moloe`ens rnspdfs`molo e`ens nf jufioùf en l` rnft`moloe`e enl fnadiod.
y
`soaf`r
I`loe`e enl Ur`m`hd Ocploi` tnfnr `cplods idfdioconftds en lds tnc`s enl àrn` qun nstï m`hd su rnspdfs`moloe`e. [dsnnr l` i`p`ioe`e en idcprnfenr l` nsnfio` en lds `spnitds idcplnhds. Encdstr`r i`p`ioe`e p`r` tr`m`h`r idf l`s jufiodfns en su coscd fovnl y en fovnlns eojnrnftns. Unfnr munf` i`p`ioe` i`p`ioe`e e en eosinrfoco eosinrfoconftd nftd (huoiod). Idcp`rtor idf lds encàs nl idfdioconftd prdjnsodf`l y nxpnrtoio`. M`s`rsn nf lds gnigds y nf l` r`zùf (nquolomrod). Encdstr`r idfst`ftncnftn oftnrïs nf `prnfenr.
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` ?= en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
@8 @8 Nftonfen y idfdin tdeds lds tnc`s rnl`iodf`eds idf su nspnio`loe`e, su idftnfoed y nsnfio` `uf nf lds `spnitds càs idcplnhds. Idcp`rtn idf lds encàs su idfdioconftd y nxpnrtoio`. Ns rnjnrnftn nftrn sus p`rns y nf l` idcufoe`e edfen `itø`. Encunstr` idfst`ftncnftn oftnrïs pdr `prnfenr. M8 M8 Nftonfen y idfdin tdeds lds tnc`s rnl`iodf`eds idf su nspnio`loe`e. Ld v`ldroz`f pdr sus idfdioconftds. idfdioconftds. Encunstr` oftnrïs pdr `prnfenr. I8 I8 Idfdin `eniu`e`cnftn tdeds lds tnc`s rnl`iodf`eds idf su nspnio`loe`e idcd p`r` iucplor su jufioùf. E8 Idfdin tnc`s rnl`iodf`eds idf su nspnio`loe`e sof `li`fz`r nl fovnl E8 rnqunroed d `ufqun ïstds sn`f `eniu`eds, fd encunstr` oftnrïs pdr `prnfenr.
[nfs`conftd @f`lãtoid Ns l` i`p`ioe`e en nftnfenr y rnsdlvnr uf prdmlnc` ` p`rtor en ens`arna`r sostncàtoi`cnftn sus p`rtns2 rn`loz`fed idcp`r`iodfns, nst`mlnionfed prodroe`ens, oenftojoi`fed sniunfio`s sniunfio`s tncpdr`lns y rnl`iodfns i`us`lns nftrn lds idcpdfnftns. @8 @8 ]n`loz` `fàlosos nxtrnc`e`cnftn idcplnhds, dra`foz`fed, sniunfio`fed, y `f`loz`fed sostnc`s oftnrenpnfeonftns en `lt` idcplnhoe`e.
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` ?9 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
M8 M8 ]n`loz` `fàlosos idcplnhds ens`arna`fed prdmlnc`s nf sus p`rtns idcpdfnftns. Ns i`p`z en idcufoi`r il`r`cnftn sus idfilusodfns y g`inrl`s idcprnfsomlns ` dtrds. dtrds. I8 I8 @f`loz` l`s rnl`iodfns nftrn l`s cuig`s p`rtns en uf prdmlnc`. ]nidfdin v`ro`s ius`s d idfsniunfio`s en l`s `iiodfns. @ftoiop` dmstàiulds y prnvï lds prùxocds p`sds. E8 @f`loz` rnl`iodfns nftrn l`s pnqunð`s p`rtns en uf prdmlnc`. Nst`mlnin E8 prodroe`ens p`r` l`s t`rn`s snaøf su ocpdrt`fio`.
Jr`fqunz` Idfjo`moloe`e Oftnaroe`e ’
’
Ynr rn`lost` y jr`fid. Nst`mlninr rnl`iodfns m`s`e`s nf nl rnspntd cutud y l` idfjo`fz`. Unfnr idgnrnfio` nftrn `iiodfns, idfeuit`s y p`l`mr`s. @sucor l` rnspdfs`moloe`e en sus prdpods nrrdrns. Nst`r idcprdcntoed idf l` gdfnstoe`e y l` idfjo`fz` nf i`e` j`int` en l` idfeuit`. @8 @8 Nst`mlnin Nst`mlnin rnl`iodfns m`s`e`s nf nl rnspntd cutud y l` idfjo`fz`. @sucn l` rnspdfs`moloe`e en sus prdpods nrrdrns. Yus `iiodfns y `itotuens sdf idgnrnftns idf su eosiursd. Encunstr` nst`r idcprdcntoed idf l` gdfnstoe`e y l` idfjo`fz` nf i`e` j`int` en su idfeuit`. M8 Idf M8 Idf sus `itotuens encunstr` jr`fqunz` y nst`mlnin rnl`iodfns m`s`e`s nf nl rnspntd y l` idfjo`fz`. Nxostn uf` idrrnl`ioùf nftrn su eosiursd y su `iiodf`r.
?9
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` ?5 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
I8 I8 Nftrn quonfns oftnr`itø`f idf ïl, tonfn oc`anf en idfjo`fz` y` qun fd sn idftr`eoin nf su `iiodf`r. E8 Fd E8 Fd g`y eornit` idrrnl`ioùf nftrn sus p`l`mr`s y l`s `itotuens qun `edpt`. L` idcufoe`e edfen `itø` fd ld idfsoenr` idfjo`mln.
@prnfeoz`hn Idftofud
Ns l` g`moloe`e p`r` musi`r y idcp`rtor ofjdrc`ioùf øtol p`r` l` rnsdluioùf en sotu`iodfns en fnadiods utoloz`fed tded nl pdtnfio`l en l` ncprns` (d idrpdr`ioùf snaøf idrrnspdfe`). Ofiluyn l` i`p`ioe`e en i`pot`loz`r l` nxpnronfio` en dtrds y l` prdpo` prdp`a`fed nl Bfdw Gdw `equoroed nf jdrds ldi`lns d oftnrf`iodf oftnrf`iodf`lns `lns @8 @8 Ns Ns rnidfdioed idcd uf nxpnrtd nf su nspnio`loe`e nf nl cneod edfen `itø` y idcd nxpnrtd nf l` idcufoe`e oftnrf`iodf`l. Idcp`rtn sus idfdioconftds y nxpnronfio` `itu`fed idcd `anftn en i`cmod y prdp`a`edr en funv`s oen`s y tnifdldaã`s. M8 M8 [`rtoiop` nf l` idcufoe`e ldi`l `itu`fed idcd rnjnrnftn. Djrnin su nxpnronfio` y idfdioconftds p`r` rnsdlvnr prdmlnc`s en dtr`s àrn`s. Nsiromn p`pnrs, `rtãiulds, ofjdrcns d rn`loz` tr`m`hds en ofvnstoa`ioùf qun idcp`rtn idf idlna`s nf nl àcmotd ldi`l. I8 ]n`loz` I8 ]n`loz` uf ar`f nsjunrzd pdr `equoror funv`s g`moloe`ens y idfdioconftds. Musi` y `f`loz` prd`itov`cnftn ofjdrc`ioùf pnrtofnftn p`r` pl`fojoi`r uf iursd en `iioùf.
?5
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` ?> en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
E8 c`ftonfn su jdrc`ioùf tïifoi` `ufqun tonfn uf` `itotue rn`itov`8 musi` E8 ofjdrc`ioùf sùld iu`fed l` fninsot`, lnn c`fu`lns/lomrds p`r` `ucnft`r sus idfdioconftds màsoids.
>.5 C@F^@L EN J^FIODFNY [D] IDC[NUNFIO@Y
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` ?: en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
OENFUOJOI@IOÙF FDCM]N ENL I@]AD []DINYD
AN]NFUN
HNJN OFCNEO@UD
H^FU@ EO]NIUOZ@
ANYUOÙF AN]NFIO@L
^MOI@IOÙF
AN]NFIO@
[N]JOL NE^I@IODF
NW[N]ONFIO@
[rdjnsodf`l nf @ecofostr`ioùf en Cãfocd trns `ðds en nxpnronfio` l`mdr`l Ncprns`s, Ofanfonrã` Ofeustro`l, i`rads socol`rns. Nidfdcã` d i`rrnr`s `jofns. IDC[NUNFIO@ ANFN]@L I`loe`e en tr`m`hd @e`pt`moloe`e `l i`cmod Dronft`ioùf `l ilonftn Ofoio`tov` Ncpdwnrcnft
A]@ED
IDC[NUNFIO@ NY[NIOJOI@ @ Ur`m`hd nf Nquopd M Dronft`ioùf ` lds rnsult`eds @ [nfs`conftd @f`lãtoid @ Loenr`zad @ @prnfeoz`hn COYODF ENL I@]AD
A]@ED @ M @ @ @
Udc`r eniosodfns p`r` l` idrrnit` pl`fn`ioùf y eorniioùf nstr`tïaoi` en l`s `itovoe`ens anfnr`lns en l` dra`foz`ioùf, idf nl jof en dmtnfnr rnsult`eds j`vdr`mlns qun `yuenf ` prdcdvnr nl ens`rrdlld y ïxotd en l` Ncprns`. ]NY[DFY@MOLOE@ENY Iucplor idf l`s eospdsoiodfns anfnr`lns nc`f`e`s en l` Huft` Eornitov` [rdar`c`r, supnrvos`r y idftrdl`r nl prnsupunstd en l` Ncprns` Iucplor y g`inr iucplor l`s pdlãtoi`s y fdrc`s qun cnhdrnf l` prnst`ioùf en lds snrvoiods @f`loz`r y prdpdfnr l` `ploi`ioùf en lds sostnc`s y prdineoconftds øtolns nf l` i`p`iot`ioùf, ens`rrdlld y prdcdioùf enl pnrsdf`l Idftromuor ` l` dmtnfioùf en rniursds qun pnrcot`f nl cnhdr`conftd ofstotuiodf`l [rdpdfnr l`s cdeojoi`iodfns qun cnhdrnf lds rnal`cnftds, ofstruitovds y encàs eospdsoiodfns en i`ràitnr fdrc`tovd Nl`mdr`r ofjdrcns en rnsult`eds en nv`lu`ioùf oftnar`l en l` Ncprns` y tdc`r l`s cneoe`s fnins`ro`s p`r` idrrnaor l`s ensvo`iodfns Nst`mlninr y jdrcul`r cdenlds en v`ldr`ioùf, idf l` jof`loe`e en rntrd`locnft`r nl prdinsd `ecofostr`tovd
?:
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` ?1 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
OENFUOJOI@IOÙF FDCM]N ENL I@]AD []DINYD
EO]NIUD] @EC. _ JOF@FION]D
HNJN OFCNEO@UD
ANYUOÙF ^MOI@IOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ [N]JOL
AN]NFUN EO]NIIOÙF @EUZ@ _ JOF@FION]@
NE^I@IOÙF NW[N]ONFIO@ Ofanfonrd Ofeustro`l, Nidfdcost`, Cãfocd uf `ðd en nxpnronfio` l`mdr`l nf @ecofostr`edr en Ncprns` d i`rrnr`s i`rads socol`rns. `jofns. IDC[NUNFIO@ A]@ED IDC[NUNFIO@ A]@ED ANFN]@L I`loe`e en tr`m`hd @e`pt`moloe`e `l i`cmod Dronft`ioùf `l ilonftn Ofoio`tov`
Ncpdwnrcnft
@ @
NY[NIÃJOI@ Ur`m`hd nf Nquopd Idcufoi`ioùf
M @
M
Idl`mdr`ioùf
M
M
Jr`fqunz` Idfjo`moloe`e ’ Oftnaroe`e @ @prnfeoz`hn COYOÙF ENL I@]AD
@
@
Iddreof`r, nst`mlninr, eoroaor y supnrvos`r l`s fdrc`s, pdlãtoi`s, prdineoconftds prdar`c`s qun rnaul`f l` `ecofostr`ioùf oftnar`l en lds rniursds guc`fds, jof`fionrdsy y c`tnro`lns qun idfjdrc`f l` Ncprns`, idf nl jof en dmtnfnr rnsult`eds j`vdr`mlns p`r` l` dra`foz`ioùf. ]NY[DFY@MOLOE@ENY [rdcdvnr y voaol`r nl iucploconftd en l`s fdrc`s y prdineoconftds `ecofostr`tovds y jof`fionrd Zoaol`r nl nhnrioiod enl prnsupunstd `soaf`ed Yupnrvos`r qun l` ediucnft`ioùf qun hustojoi` y idcprunm` nl a`std `soaf`ed, iucpl` idf l`s fdrc`s y prdineoconftds ocpl`ft`eds Ofjdrc`r pnroùeoi`cnftn ` l` anrnfio` sdmrn lds rnsult`eds dmtnfoeds en l`s `itovoe`ens Zoaol`r qun sn rnspntnf lds enrnigds en lds tr`m`h`edrns y qun ` su vnz, iucpl`f idf sus dmloa`iodfns, en idfjdrcoe`e idftïifoi` l`s eornitroins anfnr`lnsenenldsl`tr`m`h`edrns Ncprns` Jdcnft`r nl ens`rrdlld y supnr`ioùf y `ecofostr`tov`
?1
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` ?7 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
OENFUOJOI@IOÙF FDCM]N ENL I@]AD []DINYD
EO]NIUD] IDCN]IO@L
HNJN OFCNEO@UD
AN]NFUN
ANYUOÙF EN YN]ZOIODY
^MOI@IOÙF
EO]NIIOÙF IDCN]IO@L
[N]JOL NE^I@IOÙF NW[N]ONFIO@ Ofanfonrd Ofeustro`l, Nidfdcost`, Cãfocd uf `ðd en nxpnronfio` l`mdr`l nf @ecofostr`edr en Ncprns` d i`rrnr`s i`rads socol`rns. `jofns. IDC[NUNFIO@ A]@ED IDC[NUNFIO@ A]@ED ANFN]@L I`loe`e en tr`m`hd @e`pt`moloe`e `l i`cmod Dronft`ioùf `l ilonftn Ofoio`tov`
Ncpdwnrcnft
@ @
NY[NIÃJOI@ Ur`m`hd nf Nquopd Idcufoi`ioùf
@ @
@
Idl`mdr`ioùf
@
M
Jr`fqunz` Idfjo`moloe`e ’ Oftnaroe`e @ @prnfeoz`hn COYOÙF ENL I@]AD
@
@
Iddreof`r, eoroaor y nv`lu`r l` prnst`ioùf en snrvoiods c`tnro`` jof en tr`cot`ioùf supnrvos`r, en ensiunftds idf enstofd ` supnrcnri`eds, pdrlds nl sostnc` en nf lomr`fz`s, en prdpdriodf`r `tnfioùf oftnar`l nspnio`loz`e` idf i`loe`e y i`loenz. ]NY[DFY@MOLOE@ENY [l`fn`r, dra`foz`r, fdrc`r, iddreof`r, supnrvos`r y nv`lu`r lds snrvoiods en `tnfioùf ` lds ilonftns @snsdr`r y idl`mdr`r idf l` anrnfio` nf l` jdrcul`ioùf y iucploconftd en lds prdar`c`s y `iiodfns en vnft`s Iddreof`r lds prdar`c`s en ofiursoùf nf funv`s ncprns`s enl cufoiopod Nl`mdr`r ofjdrcns en `itovoe`ens sdmrns`lonftns en l` `tnfioùf `l ilonftn nf l` Ncprns` Eosnð`r i`cp`ð`s `arnsov`s en cnri`end Nst`mlninr uf idft`itd eornitd idf nl ilonftn Nl`mdr`r mdlntofns djoio`lns `inri` enl nst`ed anfnr`l en l`s vnft`s
?7
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` ?? en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
OENFUOJOI@IOÙF FDCM]N ENL I@]AD []DINYD
YNI]NU@]O@ ’@^W. HNJN OFCNEO@UD IDFU@MLN ANYUOÙF ^MOI@IOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ [N]JOL
NE^I@IOÙF
EO]NIUD] @ECUZD _ JOF@FION]D EO]NIIOÙF @EUZ@ _ JOF@FION]@
NW[N]ONFIO@
Uïifoi` nf snirnt`ro`ed y idft`moloe`e. IDC[NUNFIO@
A]@ED
ANFN]@L I`loe`e en tr`m`hd @e`pt`moloe`e `l i`cmod Dronft`ioùf `l ilonftn Ofoio`tov` Ncpdwnrcnft
@ M
Cãfocd uf `ðd en nxpnronfio` l`mdr`l nf i`rads socol`rns. IDC[NUNFIO@ A]@ED
NY[NIÃJOI@ Ur`m`hd nf Nquopd Dronft`ioùf ` lds rnsult`eds @ [nfs`conftd @f`lotoid M Loenr`zad M @prnfeoz`hn COYOÙF ENL I@]AD
M M @ M @
Mrofe`r `tnfioùf en i`loe`e ` lds ilonftns y c`ftnfnr `l eã` nl enp`rt`cnftd en Idft`moloe`e. ]NY[DFY@MOLOE@ENY @tnfenr `l pømloid pømloid nf anfnr`l y idftnst`r idftnst`r nl tnlïjdfd ]niomd y `rigovd en idrrnspdfenfio` idrrnspdfenfio` Nl`mdr`ioùf en ofarnsds pdr idfinptd en p`ad en irïeotds [`ad en snaurds en voe` , i`rtnr`, `pdrtns y encàs snaurds dmloa`tdrods Nl`mdr`ioùf en idfiolo`iodfns M`fi`ro`s Fdt`s en `hustns Anfnr`lns nf idft`moloe`e y i`rtnr` Idl`mdr`ioùf idf l` ofjdrc`ioùf p`r` ]nvosdrã`, Anrnfio` y ]nvosdr [`ad y rnncmdlsds en i`h` cnfdr Ocprnsoùf en lomrds `uxolo`rns y profiop`lns Jluhd en i`h`
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 0;; en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
OENFUOJOI@IOÙF FDCM]N ENL I@]AD []DINYD
@YNYD]@
YN]ZOIOD OFUNA]@L @L ILONFUN [N]JOL
NE^I@IOÙF
HNJN OFCNEO@UD ^MOI@IOÙF
EO]NIUD] IDCN]IO@L @YNYD]@Y
NW[N]ONFIO@
Unifùldad d Uïifoid nf i`rrnr`s Cãfocd uf `ðd en nxpnronfio` l`mdr`l nf `ecofostr`tov`s idf idfdioconftds nf i`rads socol`rns. @tnfioùf `l Ilonftn. IDC[NUNFIO@ ANFN]@L I`loe`e en tr`m`hd @e`pt`moloe`e `l i`cmod Dronft`ioùf `l ilonftn Ofoio`tov` Ncpdwnrcnft
A]@ED
IDC[NUNFIO@ NY[NIÃJOI@ M Ur`m`hd nf Nquopd M Dronft`ioùf ` lds rnsult`eds M [nfs`conftd @f`lotoid M Loenr`zad M @prnfeoz`hn COYOÙF ENL I@]AD
A]@ED M M M M M
[l`fn`r, dra`foz`r, eoroaor, idftrdl`r y nv`lu`r nl snrvoiod en `tnfioùf `l ilonftn y en l` ufoe`e nfidcnfe`e` ` su i`rad. ]NY[DFY@MOLOE@ENY [rdpdfnr `l Eornitdr Idcnrio`l, l`s pdlãtoi`s `ploi`mlns nf nl c`rid en sus `itovoe`ens Ncotor dpofodfns n ofjdrcns qun ln sn`f sdloiot`eds pdr nl Eornitdr Idcnrio`l Zosot`r lds ilonftns y djrninrlns lds snrvoiods Nl`mdr`r lds idftr`tds en p`ads pdr lomr`fz` idf lds enp`rt`cnftds en idft`moloe`e en l`s ncprns`s Ocpl`ft`r l`s fdrc`s nst`mlnioe`s idrrnspdfeonftns p`r` rn`loz`r l`s `itovoe`ens en jdrc` njoi`z y njoionftn Zoaol`r nl nstroitd iucploconftd en l`s fdrc`s `ecofostr`tov`s `ploi`mlns nf nl àrn` idcnrio`l
0;;
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 0;0 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
OENFUOJOI@IOÙF FDCM]N ENL I@]AD []DINYD
IDM]@ED]
HNJN OFCNEO@UD
LOM]@FX@Y
^MOI@IOÙF
EO]NIUD] IDCN]IO@L LOM]@FX@Y
[N]JOL
NE^I@IOÙF M`igollnr. IDC[NUNFIO@ ANFN]@L I`loe`e en tr`m`hd @e`pt`moloe`e `l i`cmod Dronft`ioùf `l ilonftn Ofoio`tov` Ncpdwnrcnft
NW[N]ONFIO@ Cãfocd uf `ðd en nxpnronfio` l`mdr`l nf i`rads socol`rns. A]@ED IDC[NUNFIO@ A]@ED NY[NIÃJOI@ @ Ur`m`hd nf Nquopd M M Dronft`ioùf ` lds M rnsult`eds M [nfs`conftd @ @f`lotoid @ Loenr`zad M M @prnfeoz`hn M COYOÙF ENL I@]AD
Iddreof`r l` idmr`fz` en snrvoiods y i`rtnr` vnfioe`.
]NY[DFY@MOLOE@ENY ]n`loz`r l` idmr`fz` en l`s enue`s en lds ilonftns nf l`s rnspnitov`s ncprns`s. Nl`mdr`r lds rniomds en p`ad y njnitu`r lds enpùsotds nf l`s iunft`s m`fi`ro`s.
0;0
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 0;= en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
OENFUOJOI@IOÙF FDCM]N ENL I@]AD []DINYD
@^WOLO@]
ANYUOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ [N]JOL
HNJN OFCNEO@UD ^MOI@IOÙF
NE^I@IOÙF
NW[N]ONFIO@
M`igollnr d Uïifoi` nf @ecofostr`ioùf. IDC[NUNFIO@ ANFN]@L I`loe`e en tr`m`hd @e`pt`moloe`e `l i`cmod Dronft`ioùf `l ilonftn Ofoio`tov` Ncpdwnrcnft
Jdcnft`r
nf
Cãfocd uf `ðd en nnxpnronfio` xpnronfio` l`mdr`l nf i`rads socol`rns.
A]@ED
A]@ED
M E
I I
I M M
tde`
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pl`ftn`conftds `ecofostr`tovds ]NY[DFY@MOLOE@ENY @tnfenr `l [ømloid nf anfnr`l ]nil`c`r nxtr`itds nf eojnrnftns M`fids Eoaot`r fdt`s en Unsdrnrã`, [rnsupunstd y Idft`moloe`e Llnf`r inrtojoi`eds en Ofarnsds y ]ntnfiodfns ]n`loz`r Idfiolo`iodfns cnfsu`lns. G`inr iu`erd en iunft`s pdr p`a`r C`ftnfnr ofjdrc`ioùf `itu`loz`e` sdmrn c`tnro`lns, prdinsds, prdeuitds, tïifoi`s, sostnc`s y prdvnnedrns, rnl`iodf`eds idf su anstoùf, p`r` idfsoenr`r l` idfvnfonfio` en su utoloz`ioùf. @snsdr`r ` l` Eorniioùf Idcnrio`l nf nl nst`mlnioconftd en dmhntovds en vnft`s.
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 0;9 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
I@[OU^LD ZO. IDFIL^YODFNY _ ]NIDCNFE@IODFNY
:.0 IDFIL^YODFNY Nl [rdar`c` en ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD sn nl`mdrù idf nl jof en snr uf nlncnftd eofàcoid enftrd en l` Ncprns` CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@.
Lds [rdineoconftds en Ynlniioùf, Idftr`t`ioùf, Ofeuiioùf, Monfnst`r L`mdr`l, Nv`lu`ioùf enl Ensncpnðd y I`p`iot`ioùf musi`f ufojoi`r y idfinftr`r rniursds y nsjunrzds en t`l jdrc` qun sn cultoploqunf lds njnitds y mnfnjoiods `l dmtnfnr lds rnsult`eds nspnr`eds. Yn ln nstruiturù ` l` Nc Ncprns` prns` nl Eorniiodf`co Eorniiodf`conftd nftd Nst Nstr`tïaoid, r`tïaoid, lds [rdinsds, [rdineoconftds y Jufiodfns en `iunred ` l`s fninsoe`ens enl cnri`ed. Yof ens`rrdlld guc`fd fd punen sustnft`rsn nl ens`rrdlld en l`s ncprns`s, ns pdr nlld qun CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. iunft` idf uf` pdlãtoi` il`r` en Anstoùf Guc`f` y Eorniiodf`conftd en lds Z`ldrns Idrpdr`tovdss en snrvoiod, ld qun ln pnrcotn ` l` iultur` en l` dra`foz`ioùf Idrpdr`tovd `v`fz`r, ldar`r pnsd y pdsoioùf nf l` prdyniioùf en l` oc`anf en snrvoiod en l` ncprns` y jdrt`lnioconftd en su idcpntotovoe`e nf nl cnri`ed aldm`l. Ns nsnfio`l idcprnfenr qun nl i`cmod fd idfstotuyn uf nvnftd nxtnrfd ` lds ofeovoeuds, sofd qun enpnfen en l` idcprnfsoùf en l`s pnrsdf`s y
0;9
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 0;5 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
l`s dra`foz`iodfns nf l` idfstruiioùf en funvds v`ldrns y prdinsds en `prnfeoz`hn, idf m`sn nf lds iu`lns sn ofidrpdr`f nl ens`rrdlld prdeuitovd, sdio`l y pdlãtoid idcd uf` eocnfsoùf gdlãstoi` en lds v`ldrns g`io` l` modïto modïtoi` i` y l` ni nidldaã` dldaã` guc`f`, guc`f`, p`r` e` e`rr rnspu rnspunst` nst` ` l`s enc`fe`s en i`loe`e en voe` en l` funv` sdione`e.
:.= ]NIDCNFE@IODFNY L` Ncprns` CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. rnquonrn idf uranfio` l` punst` nf c`rig` en su []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD, qun `rtoiuln en c`fnr` nstr`tïaoi` l`s dpdrtufoe`ens enl cneod nf l` idfsdloe`ioùf en uf iunrpd idfinptu`l, cntdedlùaoid y npostncdlùaoid, qun ln pnrcot` ` idrtd pl`zd, pdsoiodf`rsn `øf càs nf nl cnri`ed ldi`l, rnaodf`l y f`iodf`l. Yn tr`t` nftdfins en tdrf`r vo`mln l` prdpunst` en g`inr en l` jdrc`ioùf nf idcpntnfio`s qun `cplãn l`s pdsomoloe`ens pnrsdf`lns y l`mdr`lns en quonfns sn nfiunftr`f l`mdr`fed nf l` Dra`foz`ioùf, ld qun ` su vnz ocpuls` nl ens`rrdlld ncprns`ro`l y ln pdsomolot` su ofsnrioùf nf nl cnri`ed, eof`coz`fed i`cmods i`cmods nf lds pl`fds ofeovoeu`l, sdio`l y nidfùcoid. Nl []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD enmn dronft`rsn `l `li`fin en uf`s idcpntnfio`s cãfoc`s nf i`e` fovnl en jdrc`ioùf, qun idftncpln l`s fninsoe`ens enl cneod nxtnrfd idf m`sn nf l`s i`r`itnrãstoi`s rnaodf`lns, cufoiop`lns y ldi`lns, pnrd qun v`y` càs `llà en uf c`fnhd pnrtofnftn y `eniu`ed en l` ofjdrc`ioùf, y qun pdr nl idftr`rod enst`qun l` jdrc`ioùf nf uf c`rid `xodlùaoid prdpod p`r` lds prdinsds y prdineoconftds prdineocon ftds qun `llã sn rnl`iodf`f.
0;5
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 0;> en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
Enmn `encàs rntrd`locnft`rsn en lds rnsult`eds en l` ofvnstoa`ioùf qun sn dmtnfa`f nf nl snitdr idcnrio`l, pnrd `encàs mrofe`r ofjdrc`ioùf qun sorv` idcd ofsucd màsoid p`r` l` anfnr`ioùf en funvds prdinsds qun dronftnf eoig` pràitoi`. Ns ocpdrt`ftn c`ftnfnr uf pl`f idftofud en i`p`iot`ioùf p`r` tded nl pnrsdf`l, ncpnz`fed pdr l`s rnl`iodf`e`s idf `ecofostr`ioùf y anrnfio` en pl`fns y prdar`c`s en irnioconftd ncprns`ro`l. En oau`l c`fnr`, ns ocpdrt`ftn ofvdluir`r njnitov`cnftn ` tdeds lds ncpln`eds pdr prdinsds nf l` ocplncnft`ioùf enl [rdar`c`, p`r` ld iu`l sn rnidconfe` c`ftnfnr uf` idcufoi`ioùf idcufoi`i oùf `monrt` y idftofu`. Ld `ftnrodr idfeuin ` pl`ftn`r l` fninsoe`e en prdcdvnr nl tr`m`hd nf nquopd en i`ràitnr oftnreosioplof`r y en vnr nf i`e` eojoiult`e uf rntd jrnftn `l iu`l, so sn ufnf nsjunrzds sn vnfz`f idf c`ydr j`ioloe`e lds dmstàiulds. Pun sn prntnfe` jdrt`lninr nl Eorniiodf`conftd Nstr`tïaoid Ncprns`ro`l y qun màsoi`cnftn sn g`a` cneo`ftn l` encdstr`ioùf en su U`lnftd Guc`fd, ns enior, nf tïrcofds en sus mnfnjoiods.
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CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 0;: en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
MOMLODA]@JO@
@LG@C@, Mnl`c`roi, Mnl`c`roi, ]. Funv`s Jdrc` Jdrc`ss Dra`foz`tov`s Dra`foz`tov`s.. =;;5 IG@]LNY, Q. Goll y A`rntg ]. Hdfns. @ecofostr`ioùf Nstr`tïaoi`8 ^f nfjdqun oftnar`ed. Cïxoid8 Neotdro`l Ci. Ar`w Goll, snxt` neoioùf, =;;>. IGO@ZNF@UD, Oe`lmnrtd. @ecofostr`ioùf en ]niursds Guc`fds Cïxoid8 Neot. CiAr`w-Goll, 0??=. IGO@ZNF@UD, Oe`lmnrtd. ANYUOÙF ENL ]NI^]YD G^C@FD. Mdadtà8 Neot. [rnftoin G`ll. =;;=. JN]FÀFENX, A. @e`pt`ioùf enl [unstd en Ur`m`hd–, ]nvost` I`pot`l Guc`fd. Fd. 070, pp.0>. C`eroe8 Ne. I`pot`l Guc`fd, =;;5. JN]FÀFENX, C`funl. “@fàlosos y Ensiropioùf en [unstds en Ur`m`hd–. C`eroe8 Neoiodfns Eã`z en Y`ftds, Y.@., 0??>. A@]IÃ@, C`rã` / Gonrrd, Nfroqun/ Hocïfnz, Hdsï. (=;;0)8 “Ynlniioùf en [nrsdf`l- Yostnc` Oftnar`ed–. C`eroe8 Neotdro Neotdro`l `l NYOI, =;;0. =;;0. ADCNX CNHO@, L / M`lbof, E y I`rey, ]. @ECOFOYU]@IOÙF en .
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]niursds Guc`fds. Nsp`ð`8 Ne. [rnftoin G`ll, =;;;. G@][N] y Lyfig. C`fu`lns en ]niursds Guc`fds. C`eroe8 Ne. L` A`int` en lds Fnadiods, 0??=. GOIBY, Gnrmnt. @ecofostr`ioùf @ecofostr`io ùf en Dra`foz`iodfns Dra`foz`io dfns ensen uf [uftd en Zost` en Yostnc`s y ]niursds Guc`fd Guc`fds. s. C`eroe8 Neot. INIY@, 0?75. HN@F, H`iquns. C`rbntofa Nstr`tïaoid. Nsp`ð`8 C`i Ar`w Goll, 9r` Neoioùf, =;;7. C@]OÐD, Gnrf`fed. [l`fn`ioùf Nstr`tïaoi` en l` I`loe`e tdt`l. Mdadtà E.I.8 Unrinr cufed Neotdrns, 0??9.
0;:
CN]I@NC[]NY@ LUE@. EO]NIIOÙF @ECOFOYU]@UOZ@ []DA]@C@ EN ANYUOÙF ENL U@LNFUD G^C@FD
Znrsoùf8 ;0 [àaof` 0;1 en 0;1 Jnig`8 Ditumrn en =;0;
BDULN], @rcstrdfa. C`rbntofa 7`. neoioùf `e`pt`e` ` L`tofd`cïroi`. Cïxoid8 Neotdro`l [n`rsdf Neui`iodfns, =;;0. BDULN], [golop. Eorniioùf en C`rbntofa. Cïxoid8 Neotdro`l [rnftoin c`y. 0;ª Neoioùf, 0??0. L@CM G@O], C`i E`fonl. C`rbntofa 5t` neoioùf. Cïxoid E. J.8 Ugdcsdf Neotdrs, =;;=. C@LOB, Jrnecufe. “Hdm Ensofa8 Eosnðd enl [unstd en Ur`m`hd–, ]nvost` I`pot`l Guc`fd. Fd. 097, =;;;. C`eroe8 Ne. I`pot`l Guc`fd, =;;;. C@_F@]E, M.G. y Cngrtnfs,N.Y.8 L` Iu`rt` Dl`. 0??9. C@]OÐD, Gnrf`fed. [l`fn`ioùf Nstr`tïaoi` en l` I`loe`e tdt`l. Mdadtà E.I.8 Unrinr cufed Neotdrns, 0??9. CN]UNFY, L. Idcpntnfio`s L`mdr`lns8 Yostnc`s, Yuraoconftd y Cdenlds. Cdftnvoend8 Ioftnrjdr, DOU, 0??1. [D]UN], Coig`nl N. Nstr`tnao` y Znft` Idcpntotov`. Idldcmo`8 Ne. Enustd, =;;:. ]@ZNFUDY, Hdsnpg. “Ns “Ns gdy entnrcof`ftn ofvnrtor nf nl ens`rrdlld en l`s Dra`foz`iodfns–, ]nvost` I`pot`l Guc`fd, Fd. 070, =;;5, pp. 0:. C`eroe8 Ne. I`pot`l Guc`fd, =;;5. U@_LD], Boffn`r. Ofvnstoa`ioùf en Cnri`eds8 Cïxoid8 Neotdro`l CiAr`w-Gobb, CiAr`w-Gob b, 0??7.