Trabajo Metodología de La Investigacion Monografica Ciclo Iii

 

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sus f`dtr`bjs rngur`s`s y hp`y` c`rhb phrh fucpbnr jb `iojtnv` kj cn trhiho`. H cn pr`ljs`r qunjd cj ah ndfubfhk` bh `rnjdthfnöd kj f`c` l`rcubhr phs` h phs` knfa` trhiho`.

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H bh pbhdh k`fjdfnh, qunjdjs d`s trhdscntjd sus vhbn`shs jdsjøhdzhs y f`dsjo`s phrh hbfhdzhr dujstrhs cjths trhzhkhs.

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HYJH ]Y@IBJCÈ[NFH Bh trhth kj pjrs`dhs, hsã f`c` jb trèlnf` nbãfnt` kj kr`ghs y jb trèlnf` kj hrchs, s`d bhs hftnvnkhkjs kjbnftnvhs cès bufrhtnvhs kj bh hftuhbnkhk. Hudquj a`y jd kãh jxnstjd p`fhs fnlrhs lnhibjs s`irj jb jsfjdhrn` cudknhb kj bh trhth kj pjrs`dhs, bh prj`fuphfnöd kj knljrjdtjs `rghdnsc`s ndtjrdhfn`dhbjs y hgjdfnhs kj f`cudnfhfnöd s`fnhb f`d rjbhfnöd h vhrn`s fhs`s kjsfuinjrt`s jd b`s ÿbtnc`s hø`s, js ud fbhr` ndknfhk`r kj bh grhvjkhk, chgdntuk y pr`grjsnvh jxphdsnöd kj bh sntuhfnöd. Jd fu fuhd hdt` t` hb dÿcj dÿcjr` r` kj fh fhs` s`s, s, knvj knvjrs rshs hs lujd lujdtj tjss fh fhbf bfub ubhd hd qu quj, j, h dn dnvj vjbb cudknhb, jdtrj sjtjfnjdt`s cnb y fuhtr` cnbb`djs kj pjrs`dhs s`d trhthkhs fhkh hø`. Jdtrj jbbhs, bh @rghdnzhfnöd Ndtjrdhfn`dhb phrh bhs Cngrhfn`djs (@NC) jstnch quj s`d k`s cnbb`djs, bh @lnfndh kj bhs Dhfn`djs Zdnkhs f`dtrh bhs Kr`ghs y jb Kjbnt`, F`b`cinh, kj `fa`fnjdt`s cnb h d`vjfnjdt`s cnb, y , jb g`injrd` kj b`s JJ.ZZ sjøhbh quj s`d `fa`fnjdt`s cnb, fhij cjdfn`dhr quj bhs fnlrhs d` ndfbuyjd h bhs vãftnchs trhthkhs h dnvjb kj fhkh phãs5 hsncnsc`, jd fuhdt` h b`s bughrjs kj kjstnd` kjsthfhd JJ.ZZ, Ohpöd, hsã f`c` phãsjs kj Cjkn` @rnjdtj, Jur`ph `ffnkjdthb y jb Vukjstj hsnètnf`5 hsncnsc`, bh @rghdn @rg hdnzhf zhfnöd nöd Ndt Ndtjrd jrdhfn hfn`d `dhb hb kjb [rh [rhih iho` o` (@N[), (@N[), f` f`dsn dsnkjr kjrh h qu quj j bhs k`f k`fj j cnbbbb`d cn `djs js tr trjs jsfn fnjd jdt` t`ss cnb cnb vã vãft ftnc nchs hs kj trhi trhiho ho` ` l`rz l`rz`s `s` ` jd jb cu cudk dk`, `, k` k`ss cnbb`djs fuhtr`fnjdt`s cnb s`d rjsubthk` kj bh trhth kj sjrjs auchd`s.

Jd jb ]jrÿ d` jxnstjd, hÿd, fnlrhs jxhfths kjb dÿcjr` kj vãftnchs kj trhth5 pjr` pjr ` bhs ndvjst ndvjstngh nghfn` fn`djs djs rjh rjhbnz bnzhk hkhs hs p`r knl knljrj jrjdtj dtjss jdt jdtnkh nkhkjs kjs y pjr pjrs`d s`dhs hs ndtjrjshkhs jd jb tjch ahd rjf`pnbhk` vhbn`sh ndl`rchfnöd fuhdtnthtnvh y fuhbnthtnvh5 snjdk` jb fhs` quj, hb nguhb quj jd `tr`s phãsjs, bh trhth kj pjrs`dhs sj kh kjink` h vhrnhibjs kj `rkjd s`fnhb, jf`döcnf` y p`bãtnf` quj tntnjd jdjd jd f`c` `c` l` l`dk dk` ` bh p` p`ir irjz jzh h jxtr jxtrjc jch, h, a` a`gh ghrj rjss kn knsl slud udfn fn`d `dhb hbjs js,, bh kr`ghknffnöd y bh buk`phtãh ndl`rcètnfh, thb js hsã quj kj b`s fhsn 6; cnbb`djs kj ahinthdtjs, jb :1.:=), d`rch quj tnjdj f`c` hdtjfjkjdtj jb ]r`t`f`b` kj ]hbjrc`. 9) Xuj, bhs fhushs kjb kjbnt` kj [rhth kj ]jrs`dhs jd dujstr` phãs, s`d kj `rkjd s`fnhb, jf`döcnf` y p`bãtnf` quj tnjdjd f`c` l`dk` bh p`irjzh y bh jxtrjch p`irjzh5 hsncnsc`, sj ah nkjdtnlnfhk` jb [rèlnf` kj ]jrs`dhs, kjsf`d kjs f`d`fn `fncnj cnjdt` dt` kjb chrf` chrf` bjg bjghb, hb, jb kjs kjsf`d f`d`fn `fncnj cnjdt` dt` kj kjbb kjbnt` kjbnt`55 b`s phtr`djs fubturhbjs y bh knsfrncndhfnöd kjb gîdjr`5 snjdk` bhs prndfnphbjs l` l`rc rchs hs kj jxpb jxpb`t `thf hfnö nöd d bh sj sjxu xuhb hb55 k` k`cj cjst stnf nfh5 h5 jb trhi trhiho ho` ` l`rz l`rzhk hk` ` ` sjrvnkucirj y bh cjdknfnkhk quj sj prjsjdth f`d chy`r ndfnkjdfnh sj prjsjdth jd Fhohchrfh. 6) Xuj, bh ]`bnfãh Dhfn`dhb kjb ]jrÿ phrh f`cihtnr jb kjbnt` kj [rhth kj ]jrs`dhs fujdth f`d ud Vnstjch kj Ndvjstnghfnöd Frncndhb, jdfhijzhk` p`r bh Knv Knvns nsnö nöd d kj Nd Ndvvjstn jstngh ghffnö nöd d F`d F`dtrh trh bh [rhth rhth kj ]jrs jrs`d `dh hs j Ndvjstnghfn`djs Jspjfnhbjs quj kjpjdkj kj bh Knrjffnöd kj Ndvjstnghfnöd Frncndhb, bh cnsch quj fujdth f`d `trhs knvnsn`djs quj pujkjd ndvjstnghr  Kjbnt`s kj Jxpb`thfnöd y hlndjs5 hsncnsc`, bhs Knvnsn`djs kj Ndvjstnghfnöd Frncndhb kj bhs Yjgn`djs ]`bnfnhbjs y b`s Kjphrthcjdt`s kj Ndvjstnghfnöd ]`bnfnhb (LYJD]@B) kj bhs f`cnshrnhs, quj tnjdjd bh lhfubthk kj ndvjstnghr  ajfa`s kj hius` y jxpb`thfnöd sjxuhb quj ndv`bufrjd dnøhs, dnø`s y hk`bjsfjdtjs. 88

 

;) Xu Xuj, j, bh ]D ]D] ] fu fujd jdth th f`d f`d k`s k`s sn snst stjc jchs hs,, jb Vn Vnst stjc jch h kj Yj Yjgn gnst str` r` y Jsthkãstnfh kjb Kjbnt` kj [rhth kj ]jrs`dhs y Hlndjs (YJ[H) y bh pègndh wji kj kjshphrj rjffnk`s, hcihs h fhrg` kj bh KN\NDFYN-]D]FHOH FH OHCH CHYF YFH, H, jb pr prnc ncjr jr` ` kj b` b`ss fu fuhb hbjs js f` f`dt dtnj njdj dj nd ndkn knfh fhk` k`rj rjss s` s`ir irj j kjdu kj dudf dfnh nhss kjb kjb Kjbnt Kjbnt` ` kj [r [rht hth h kj ]j ]jrs rs`d `dhs hs y kj kjbnt bnt`s `s f` f`df dfur urrj rjdt dtjs js55 knbng knbngjd jdfn fnhs hs p`bn p`bnfn fnhb hbjs js55 bu bugh ghrj rjs5 s5 pjrn pjrn`k `k`s `s55 aj ajfa fa`s `s55 nk nkjd jdtntnlnf lnfhf hfnö nöd d kj pjrs`dhs pjrs`d hs y tnp tnpnlnf nlnfhfn hfnöd öd kj jst`s jst`s kjb kjbnt` nt`s, s, hsã f`c f`c` ` kj aj ajfa` fa`ss hln hlndjs djs ([rèlnf` kj cngrhdtjs, hihdk`d` kj cjd`rjs kj jkhk y kjshphrnfn`djs) y jb

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(A^]JYBNDE"attp?//www.pjruhd`skjshphrjf (A^]JYBNDE"attp?//www.pjru hd`skjshphrjfnk`s.`rg"www.pjruhd`sk nk`s.`rg"www.pjruhd`skjsh jsh phrjfnk`s.`rg) pjrcntj rjgnstrhr jd bãdjh h pjrs`dhs rjp`rthkhs f`c` kjshphrjfnkhs, f`dsngdhdk` haã sus kht`s gjdjrhbjs y puibnfhdk` sus l`t`grhlãhs phrh lhfnbnthr udh jvjdtuhb nkjdtnlnfhfnöd ` uinfhfnöd. :) Xuj, Xuj, jx jxns nstj tj js jstr trjf jfah ah rj rjbh bhfn fnöd öd jdtr jdtrj j kj kjsh shph phrn rnfn fn`d `djs js y bh [r [rht hth h kj ]jrs`dhs, jd rhzöd quj kj hfujrk` hb dujv` Vnstjch kj Yjgnstr` y Jsthkãstnfh (YJ[H), sj ah p`knk` fruzhr ndl`rchfnöd y kjtjrcndhr quj 1 kj bhs bhs 8: 8:< < vãft vãftnc nchs hs bnij bnijrh rhkh khss h ch chd` d`ss kj trht trhthd hdtj tjss ah ahiã iãhd hd sn snk` k` rjp`rthkhs f`c` kjshphrjfnkhs p`r sus lhcnbnhs5 hsncnsc`, sj jstnch quj kj fhkh knjz fhs`s kjdudfnhs p`r kjshphrnfnöd kj pjrs`dhs, trjs qujkhd jd bh ndfögdnth his`buth, puknjdk` jd jstj grup` prjsjdthrsj bh [rhth [rh th kj ]jr ]jrs`d s`dhs, hs, s`irj t`k t`k` ` kj cu cuojrj ojrjss quj s`d rjf rjfbut buthkh hkhss phr phrh h rjhbnzhr trhiho`s l`rzhk`s, pr`stntunrsj, cjdknghr, sjr vjdknk`s ` ushk`s jd jb [rèlnf` kj Örghd`s.

[YH YHI IZF ZFF@ F@ FJY FJYDH DH,, Wnbk Wnbkjr jr \nf \nfjdtj y `tr tr` `s ‒B ‒Bhh Kj Kjbn bnd dfu fujd jdfn fnhh @rgh @r ghdn dnzh zhkh kh [rhd [rhdsd sdhf hfn` n`dh dhbb y su Ndlb Ndlbuj ujdf dfnh nh jd jb [r [rèl èlnf nf` ` Nbãf Nbãfnt nt` ` kj Cngrhdtjs y Iÿsqujkh kj ]jrs`dhs Kjshphrjfnkhs–, rjhbnzhk` jd jb \ Furs` kj Fhphfnthfnöd kj Kjbnt`s F`dtrh Bh Lhcnbnh y Iÿsqujkh kj ]jrs`dhs Kjshphrjfnkhs– Kjshphrjfnkhs– ‖ KNYNDFYN ]D] ‖ Bnch 9==1. h. B`s hut`rjs hi`rkhr`d f`c` pr`ibjch kj ndvjstnghfnöd jb sngunjdtj ? °Fuèb °Fu èb js bh ncp`rt ncp`rthdf hdfnh nh kj ncp ncpbjc bjcjdt jdthr hr ]r` ]r`fj fjknc kncnjd njdt`s t`s @pj @pjrht rhtnv` nv`ss ]`b `bnf nfnh nhbj bjss

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i. Jb @iojtnv` Gjdjrhb kj Ndvjstnghfnöd pbhdtjhk` luj ? Kjtjrcndhr y jxpbnfhr h trhvîs kj bh hpbnfhfnöd kj tîfdnfhs y `isjrvhfnöd, hdèbnsns k`fucjdthb y jdtrjvnsths, bh ncp`rthdfnh kj ncpbjcjdthr ]r`fjkncnjdt`s @pjrhtnv`s ]`bnfnhbjs jd bh ndvjstnghfnöd kj bh Kjbndfujdfnh @rghdnzhkh [rhdsdhfn`dhb y su ndlbujdfnh jd jb [rèlnf` nbãfnt` kj cngrhdtjs y Iÿsqujkh kj ]jrs`dhs Kjshphrjfnkhs, f`d bh lndhbnkhk kj b`grhr chy`r jlnfhfnh y pr`ljsn`dhbnsc` jd bh bufah f`dtrh jb Frncjd @rghdnzhk` Ndtjrdhfn`dhb y bh ndvjstnghfnöd p`bnfnhb kj jstj nbãfnt`.

f. Bh Anpötjsns Gjdjrhb kj Ndvjstnghfnöd pbhdtjhkh luj ? Vn sj jsthibjfjd j ncpbjcjdthd ]r`fjkncnjdt`s @pjrhtnv`s ]`bnfnhbjs jd bh Ndvjstnghfnöd kj bh Kjbndfujdfnh @rghdnzhkh [rhdsdhfn`dhb y su ndlbujdfnh jd jb [rèlnf` nbãfnt` kj Cngrhdtjs y Iÿsqujkh kj ]jrs`dhs Kjshphrjfnkhs, jdt`dfjs sj b`grhrè chy`r jlnfhfnh y pr`ljsn`dhbnsc` jd bh bufah f`dtrh jb Frncjd @rghdnzhk` Ndtjrdhfn`dhb y bh ndvjstnghfnöd p`bnfnhb kj jstj nbãfnt`.

k. Bhs prndfnphbjs f`dfbusn`djs h bhs quj hrrnihr`d b`s ndvjstnghk`rjs lujr`d bhs sngunjdtjs? 8) Bh [rhth kj ]jrs`dhs s`d kjbnt`s quj sj ahd ndfrjcjdthk` jd l`rch hbhrchdtj jd b`s ÿbtnc`s hø`s, kjink` h bhs knlãfnbjs f`dknfn`djs kj vnkh jd b`s phãsjs cjd`s kjshrr`bbhk`s, hb jdkurjfncnjdt` kj bhs p`bãtnfhs cngrht`rnhs jd b`s phãsjs ndkustrnhbnzhk`s y hb ajfa` kj quj p`r cufa` tnjcp` tnj cp` jst jst`s `s ljd ljdöcj öcjd`s d`s d` lujr`d lujr`d f` f`dsn dsnkjr kjrhk` hk`ss f`c f`c` ` ud pr` pr`ibj ibjch ch jstruf jst ruftur turhb hb snd` snd` f`c f`c` ` udh sjrnj sjrnj kj jp jpns` ns`kn` kn`ss hns hnsbhk bhk`s. `s. Bh rjs rjspuj pujsth sth cudk cu dknh nhbb lr lrjd jdtj tj hb fr frjf jfnc ncnj njdt dt` ` kj js jsth th l`rc l`rch h kj frnc frncnd ndhb hbnk nkhk hk luj luj bh F`dvjdfnöd f`dtrh bh kjbndfujdfnh `rghdnzhkh trhdsdhfn`dhb lnrchkh jd ]hbjrc` jd jb 9=== y b`s k`s pr`t`f`b`s kjb cnsc` hø`? ]r`t`f`b` f`dtrh jb [rèlnf` nbãfnt` kj cngrhdtjs p`r tnjrrh, chr y hnrj y ]r`t`f`b` phrh prjvjdnr, rjprncnr y shdfn`dhr bh trhth kj pjrs`dhs, jspjfnhbcjdtj cuojrjs y dnø`s. 9) Bh ndvjstnghfnöd lndhdfnjrh-f`dthibj (Bhvhk` kj hftnv`s) p`stjrn`r h bh ndtjrvjdfnöd p`r bh f`cnsnöd kjb kjbnt` kj [rèlnf` nbãfnt` kj Cngrhdtjs d` sj jstè bbjvhdk` h fhi` p`bnfnhbcjdtj jd bhs Zdnkhkjs Jspjfnhbnzhkhs kj bh KN\NDFYN]D], hb phrjfjr p`r kjsf`d`fncnjdt` kj bh bjy, kjsndtjrîs ` p`r  bh d` jxnstjdfnh kj udh Chduhb kj ]r`fjkncnjdt`s ]`bnfnhbjs hkjfuhk`s 86

 

phrh thb lnd, b` quj sj sustjdth, hdtj jb ajfa` kj quj jd jb Hrfanv` kj bh KNYNDFYN-]D] sj ahd jdf`dtrhk` Htjsthk`s ndf`dsnstjdtjs (hdîcnf`s) kjskj jb pudt` kj vnsth kj cjkn`s pr`iht`rn`s, snjdk` djfjshrn` jojfuthr  hffn`djs quj pjrcnthd hb pjrs`dhb p`bnfnhb jdfhrgh rghk` kj bh bhss ndvjstnghfn`djs, djutrhbnzhr jb ‒p`kjr– kj bhs @rghdnzhfn`djs Frncndhbjs, hljfthdk` sus injdjs y fhpnthbjs quj bj pr`p`rfn`dhd ghdhdfnhs nbãfnths. 6) Jxnstnjdk` bh pjrspjftnvh kj frjhfnöd kj udh grhd Knrjffnöd Jspjfnhbnzhkh jd bh Bufah F`dtrh jb Frncjd @rghdnzhk`, kjdtr` kj bh fuhb ludfn`dhrnh udh Knvnsnöd quj sj jdfhrghrh kj bh ndvjstnghfnöd jspjfnlnfh kjb Kjbnt` kj [rhth kj ]jrs`dhs y [rèlnf` nbãfnt` kj Cngrhdtjs5 surgj bh djfjsnkhk j ncp`rthdfnh kj ncpbjcjdthrsj h bh phr ud ‒Chduhb kj ]r`fjkncnjdt`s @pjrhtnv`s ]`bnfnhbjs phrh bh Ndvjstnghfnöd kj bh Kjbndfujdfnh @rghdnzhkh [rhdsdhfn`dhb y su ndlbujdfnh jd jb [rèlnf` nbãfnt` kj Cngrhdtjs y Iÿsqujkh kj ]jrs`dhs Kjsphrjfnkhs–5 p`snfnöd quj hp`yhc`s, p`r jb ajfa` kj quj hftu hf tuhb hbcj cjdt dtj j bh bhss lngur lngurhs hs kj kjbnf bnftntnvh vhss s` s`d d fh fhkh kh vjz vjz cè cèss f` f`cp cpbj bjoh ohss y rjqunjrjd sjr ndvjstnghkhs p`r pjrs`dhb p`bnfnhb kjinkhcjdtj fhphfnthk` y jspjfn jsp jfnhbn hbnzhk zhk` ` jd ndv ndvjst jstngh nghfnö fnöd d frn frncnd cndhb, hb, kj prj prjljr ljrjdf jdfnh nh f`d js jstuk tukn`s n`s udnvjrsnthrn`s jd Kjrjfa`, F`dthinbnkhk y Jf`d`cãh, f`dthdk` hkjcès f`d hp`y` kj pr`ljsn`dhbjs fnvnbjs phrh hbfhdzhr b`s rjsubthk`s kjsjhk`s y `ptncnzhr bh bhi`r p`bnfnhb jd bh ndvjstnghfnöd kj jstj nbãfnt`.

;) Jb [r [rèl èlnf nf` ` nbãf nbãfntnt` ` kj cn cngr grhd hdtj tjss tnjd tnjdj j ud udh h rjbh rjbhfn fnöd öd js jstr trjf jfah ah f` f`d d bh Kjshphrnfnöd kj ]jrs`dhs, quj jd dujstr` phãs js udh rjhbnkhk s`fn`fubturhb, jxnstnjdk` knvjrshs fhushs yh sjh jd cjd`rjs ` chy`rjs kj jkhk, udhs f`d f`d`fncnjdt` y v`budthk pr`pnh (hihdk`d` kj a`ghr, jcng cngrh rhrr jd ius iusfh kj cj cjo` o`rh rhss jf`d f`döc öcnf nfh hs ` js jsth thrr jd rjkj rjkjss kj pr`stntufnöd), `trhs snjdk` vãftnchs kj kjbnt` (sjfujstr`, sustrhffnöd kj cjd`rj cjd `rjs, s, jtf jtf.)5 .)5 hsncns hsncnsc` c` jst jsth h nbãf nbãfnth nth hf hftnv tnvnkh nkhk k b`g b`grh rh qu quj j fnu fnukhk khkhd` hd`ss jcngrjd kj su phãs kj kjstnd` phrh pjrchdjfjr jd l`rch nbjghb, sntuhfnöd quj b`s f`dkufj h sjr fhpthk`s p`r bh pr`stntufnöd jd jb fhs` kj cuojrjs u `trh hftnvnkhk nbãfnth, kjsf`d`fnîdk`sj kj su phrhkjr`. 8;

 

I. IHVJ IHVJV V [J [JÖY ÖYNF NF@ @ FNJ FNJD[ D[NL NLNF NFHV HV Jb tr trhi hiho ho` ` kj ndvj ndvjst stng nghf hfnö nöd d h rj rjhb hbnz nzhr hr sj su sust stjd jdth th jd b` b`ss sn sngu gunj njdt dtjs js ludkhcjdt`s tjörnf`s?

8. [J@YNH KJB KJBN[@. h. F`dfjptuhbnzhfnöd Bh phbhirh kjbnt` jtnc`bögnfhcjdtj pr`vnjdj kjb bhtãd KJBNF[ZC. Jb kjbnt` js udh vhb`rhfnöd ourãknfh quj ah nk` fhcinhdk` f`d b`s tnjcp`s, pjr` quj ahd phrtnk` kj bh nkjh prncngjdnh kj sjr bh F@DKZF[H AZCHDH ]JDHKH ]@Y BJ^. ]JØH FHIYJYH b` kjlndj? Hffnöd tãpnfhcjdtj hdtnourãknfh y fubphibj. Js hsã hsã qu quj j jsth jsth kj kjlnlndn dnfn fnöd öd f` f`dt dtnj njdj dj t`k` t`k`ss b` b`ss fh fhrh rhft ftjr jrjs js `ioj `iojtnv tnv`s `s y suiojtnv`s thdt` gjdîrnf`s f`c` knljrjdfnhbjs kjb kjbnt`. Bh vn`bhfnöd kj d`rchs quj rjsguhrkhd b`s injdjs ourãknf`s vnthbjs, kh bughr  h b` quj sj kjd`cndh kjbnt`, js pujs jb f`cp`rthcnjdt` knrngnk` h bjsn`dhr  injdjs ourãknf`s, hsã f`c` bh f`dkufth quj ncpbnfh ud pjbngr` phrh knfa`s injdjs.

i. Jbjcjdt`s. 8) Bh hffnöd. Js bh jxtjrn`rnzhfnöd kj bh pjrs`dhbnkhk kj su hut`r `rnjdthkh ahfnh ud rjsu rjsubtbthk hk` ` f`ds f`dsns nstj tjdt dtj j jd kj kjsp spbj bjgh ghrr u `c `cntntnr nr kj kjtj tjrc rcnd ndhk hkh h sj sjrn rnj j kj c`vncnjdt`s f`rp`rhbjs cjknhdtj b`s fuhbjs jb hut`r ahrè surgnr jsjs jsthk` kj ajfa` quj c`knlnfh bh sntuhfnöd jxnstjdtj jd jb cudk` jxtjrn`r. Fbhsjs kj hffnöd?  ]`r F`cnsnöd. ]`r @cnsnöd

9) [npnfnkhk Js bh hkjfuhfnöd ` sui`rkndhfnöd kj f`dkufth h udh lngurh bjghb. Js jb jdfuhkrhcnjdt` kjb hft` h bh d`rch ourãknfh.

6) Bh Hdtnournknfnkhk. 8:

 

Js bh Fhbnlnfhfnöd kj udh f`dkufth f`c` hdtnourãknfh. B` Hdtnourãknf` rjsnkj jd bh f`dtrhknffnöd f`d jb Kjrjfa` ` f`d bh d`rch ourãknfh. D` ihsth quj jb ajfa` sjh pjdhbcjdtj tãpnf` phrh quj sjh kjbnftnv` (Hrt.9= F.].) pujs jxnstjd fhs`s jd quj jb ajfa` snd kjohr kj sjr tãpnf` d` js hdtnou hdtn ourã rãkn knf` f`,, pu pujs js bh bj bjyy d` b` pr pr`a `aãi ãij5 j5 sn snd` d` qu quj j b` pjrc pjrcntntj j y `rkj `rkjdh dh,, kjd`cndèdk`sj kjd`cndèdk`s j fhush kj oustnlnfhfnöd y quj sj kh jd b`s sngunjdtjs fhs`s? h) Jb hft` pjrcntnk` p`r bh bjy. i) Fucpbncnjdt` kj kjijrjs kj ludfnöd f) Bjgãtnch kjljdsh. k) Jsthk` kj djfjsnkhk pr`pnhcjdtj knfa`.

;) Fubphinbnkhk. Js bh rjhbnzhfnöd kjb hft` frncndhb h tãtub` kj K`b`. F`doudt` kj prjsupujst`s quj ludkhcjdthd bh rjsp`dshinbnkhk pjrs`dhb kj udh f`dkufth hdtnourãknfh. Bh Fubphinbnkhk js bh rjpr`fahinbnkhk quj sj ahfj h udh pjrs`dh fhphz, quj jvnk jv nkjd jdfn fnh h f`d f`d su f` f`dk dkuf ufth th ud udh h knsp knsp`s `snf nfnö nöd d hdãc hdãcnf nfh h f` f`df dfrj rjth th y qu quj j jb Kjrjfa` jstè jd f`dknfn`djs kj jxngnr udh hftntuk knstndth h bh quj tuv` jd jb fhs` jspjfãlnf`, housthkh hb kjrjfa`.

K`b`?  Js bh ndlrhffnöd ndtjdfn`dhb f`cjtnkh p`r hffnöd ` p`r `cnsnöd f`dsfnjdtj y v`budthrnh. (hrt.89 F.].)

K`b` Knrjft`? Fuhdk` jb hut`r kjsjh ud rjsubthk` quj bh Bjy prjfnshcjdtj kjsjh jvnthr. Ahy ud pr`pösnt` kjtjrcndhk`.

Jvjdtuhb? Jb hut`r d` tnjdj bh ndtjdfnöd knrjfth ` ndknrjfth kj kjbndqunr, snd` sj bncnth h t`chr h su fhrg` b` quj p`r prjsjdtèrsjbj f`c` pr`ihibj, pujkj lrjdtj h su f`dfnjdfnh, jvjdtuhbcjdtj `furrnr.

Fubph? Js jb bãcntj cãdnc` kj bh fubphinbnkhk, rjqunrnîdk`sj lhbth kj prjfhufnöd y lhbth kj prjvnsnöd kjb rjsubthk`. (Hrt.89 F.].). 8<

 

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Djgbngjdfnh? Js bh lhbth kj prjfhufnöd ` ndknljrjdfnh quj ncpnkj h udh pjrs`dh hkvjrtnr jb pjbngr` kj su hffnöd.



Ncprukjdfnh? Js bh bngjrjzh ` ndkjinkh hukhfnh.

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Ncpjrn Ncp jrnfnh fnh?? Js bh lhbth lhbth kj f`d`f f`d`fncn ncnjdt jdt` ` hp hpr`p r`pnhk nhk` ` ` kj jxp jxpjrn jrnjdf jdfnh, nh, husjdfnh kjb shijr cãdnc`.

:) Ncputhinbnkhk. Js bh fhphfnkhk pjdhb phrh rjsp`dkjr5 hptntuk phrh sjr htrniunkh h udh pjrs pj rs`d `dh. h. Bh Fu Fubp bphi hinbnbnk nkhk hk jxng jxngj j qu quj j ud udh h pj pjrs rs`d `dh h sj sjh h pj pjdh dhbc bcjd jdtj tj rjsp`dshibj. Bh Bjy jxngj shbuk cjdthb y f`dfnjdfnh phrh hpbnfhr jb fhstng` h bh gjdtj.

Fhushs kj ndncputhinbnkhk . - Cnd`rãh kj jkhk. - Jdljrcjkhk cjdthb - Nkn`tjz.  - Grhvj hbtjrhfnöd kj bh f`dfnjdfnh.

f. Fbhsjs kj kjbnt`s. 8. Kjbnt` Hg`thk`.   Hq Hquj ujbb quj quj rj rjsu subtbth h kj kjbb hg hg`t `thc hcnj njdt dt` ` kj ud aj ajfa fa` ` kj kjbnbnft ftnv nv`, `, ub ubtj tjrn rn`r  `r  kjsjdv`bvncnjdt`, ahsth b`grhr jb ÿbtnc` lnd quj jb kjbndfujdtj sj pr`pus`. Jojcpb`. Bh \jdth kj ud `iojt` r`ihk`.

9. Kjbnt` F`dsuchk`.  Fuhdk` sj b`grh bh vn`bhfnöd kj bh d`rch ourãknfh.

6. Kjbnt` f`dtnduhk`  Hqujb quj fujdth f`d bh pburhbnkhk kj hffn`djs u `cnsn`djs jxnstnjdk` udnkhk kj ndtjdfnöd ` rjs`bufnöd frncndhb y udnkhk kj bh bjy vn`bhkh. Jojcpb`. Jb Vjfujstr`.

;. Kjbnt` Ncp`snibj  Hqujb jd jb fuhb d` sj rjhbnzh jb pr`pösnt` frncndhb, pjsj h quj jxnsth bh rjs`bufnöd. Jd jstj kjbnt` jb rjsubthk` d` sj pr`kufj p`rquj fnrfudsthdfnhs kj ajfa` ahfjd ncp`snibj bh rjhbnzhfnöd kjb kjbnt`. 87

 

:. Kjbnt` f`djx` ` f`dfurs` kj kjbnt`s Fuhdk` jxnstj bh rjsp`dshinbnkhk kjb kjbndfujdtj p`r bh f`cnsnöd u `cnsnöd kj k`s ` cès kjbnt`s kjbnt`s kj kns knstnd tndth th dht dhturh urhbjz bjzh h j ndk ndkjp jpjdk jdknjd njdtjs tjs jdt jdtrj rj sã, kjinjdk` bhs lngurhs kjbnftnvhs ludfn`dhr hutöd`chcjdtj. F@DFZY F@D FZYV@ V@ YJHB YJHB @ CH[ CH[JYN JYNHB, HB, fuh fuhdk` dk` jxnst jxnstj j bh f`c f`cnsn nsnöd öd kj vhr vhrn`s n`s kjbnt`s p`r ud s`b` hut`r, f`d knvjrshs ndtjdfn`djs frncnd`shs js kjfnr f`d cubtnpbnfnkhk kj k`b` y jd tnjcp`s y bughrjs knljrjdtjs snjcprj quj dndgud` ahyh snk` ouzghk` y sjdtjdfnhk`.

k. Vuojt`s kjb kjbnt`. Jb a`cirj f`c` suojt` hftnv` V`b` jb a`cirj pujkj sjr suojt` hftnv` kjb kjbnt` yh quj js jb ÿdnf` quj p`sjj f`dfnjdfnh, v`budthk j ndtjbngjdfnh. Jd dujstr` `rkjdhcnjdt` ourãknf` bh pjrs`dh ndknvnkuhb js bh ÿdnfh susfjptnibj kj sjr fubphibj. Bhs pjrs`dhs ourãknfhs s`d sjrjs lnftnfn`s h qunjdjs d` sj pujkj jxngnr rjsp`dshinbnkhk p`r rhzöd kjb kjbnt`, snd` f`dtrh sus jcpbjhk`s ` chdkhthrn`s.

8. Vuojt` phsnv`. Js jb tntubhr tntubhr kjb kjrjfa kjrjfa` ` ` injd ourãknf` ourãknf` bjsn`dh bjsn`dhk` k` ` pujs pujst` t` jd pjbng pjbngr` r` p`r jb kjbnt` kjb nt`.. ]u ]ujkj jkjd d sjr suo suojt` jt`ss phs phsnv` nv`ss kj kjbb kjbnt` kjbnt`?? Jb A`c A`cirj irj ndk ndknvn nvnkuh kuhbb Bh Bhss pjrs`dhs ourãknfhs jd thdt` sj htjdth f`dtrh b`s injdjs ourãknf`s quj bjs pjrtjdjfjd. Jb Jsthk`, fuhdk` sj htjdth f`dtrh bh sjgurnkhk jxtjrn`r j ndtjrn`r. Bh f`bjftnvnkhk s`fnhb fuhdk` sj htjdth f`dtrh bh Vhbuk ]ÿibnfh y trhdqunbnkhk gjdjrhb.

Jb `iojt` chtjrnhb Js bh pjrs`dh ` f`sh s`irj bh quj rjfhj lãsnfhcjdtj bh hffnöd kjb suojt` hftnv`.

9. Jb `iojt` ourãknf` Js jb injd ourãknf` tutjbhk` p`r bh bjy pjdhb, cjknhdtj bh shdfnöd quj prjvî bh d`rch f`c` hcjdhzh f`dfrjth f`dtrh jb quj bjsn`dh, p`dj jd pjbngr` bh vnkh bh ndtjgrnkhk f`rp`rhb, jb phtrnc`dn`, jb a`d`r, bhs bnijrthkjs. 81

 

j. Jb Ntjr Frncndns Jb f`dfjpt` kj N[JY FYNCNDNV ` FHCND@ KJB KJBN[@ js ludkhcjdthb phrh jb f`rrjft` f`d`fncnjdt` kj bh jstrufturh kj bh [jdthtnvh. Fuhdk` sj jxpbnfh bh d`fnöd kj kjbnt` sj jdtnjdkj f`c` bh rjudnöd kj udh sjrnj kj jxngjdfnhs pbhdtjhkhs p`r bh lngurh kjbnftnvh, fuhdk` sufjkj hsã sj knfj quj js kjbnt` f`dsuchk` ` pjrljft`. ]jr` jb kjrjfa` ]jdhb cjdfn`dh `trhs f`dkufths chrgndhbjs5 f`c` js bh [jdthtnvh, bh ndstnghfnöd jtf. Jd jsjdfnh jb N[JY FYNCNDNV knstndguj k`s lhsjs jd jb pr`fjs` kjb kjbnt`?

8) Bh lhsj ndtjrdh (Vuiojtnvh) Jb kjbnt` js ud pr`fjs` psnf`-lãsnf`, p`r b` thdt`, tnjdj su `rngjd jd bh cjdtj kjb a`cirj, jd k`dkj sj knstndgujd trjs jthphs?

h) Bh nk nkjh jhfn fnöd öd..  \njdj h sjr jb kjshrr`bb` kj bh nkjh kjbnftnvh jd bh cjdtj kjb hgjdtj. Js ud pr`fjs` ndtjrd` jd quj jb hut`r sj lnoh ud lnd h phrtnr kjb fuhb jbhi`rh ud pbhd kj hffnöd jbngnjdk` b`s cjkn`s j ndstrucjdt`s phrh hbfhdzhrb`.

i) Bh kjbnijrhfnöd Bh kjbnijrhfnöd kj bh nkjh kjbnftnvh js jb pr`fjs` psãqunf` kj bufah jdtrj bh nkjh frncnd`sh y hqujbb`s lhft`rjs kj fhrèftjr c`rhb ` utnbnthrn` quj pugdh jdtrj sã. Kj hfujrk` h bhs fhrhftjrãstnfhs kjb kjbnt` bh kjbnijrhfnöd pujkj sjr irjvj ` ndfbus` pujkj lhbthr (Kjbnt` Fubp`s`)

f) Bh rjs`bufnöd Jb suojt` hsucj bh nkjh kj f`cjtjr jb kjbnt`, f`dfbuyjdk` hsã bh lhsj ndtjrdh. Jd b`s pr`fjs`s quj f`dfurrjd jd jb cudk` ndtjrd` kjb hgjdtj d` s`d tãpnf`s, p`r thdt`, s`d ncpudjs yh quj d` jxnstj kjbnt` snd hffnöd. D` ihst ih sth h ud sncp sncpbj bj pj pjds dshc hcnj njdt dt` ` kj kjbnbnft ftnv nv`, `, snd nd` ` qu quj j js dj djfj fjsh shrn rn` ` sj trhdsl`rcj jd udh f`dkufth rjhb, tãpnfh phrh quj sjhd pudnibjs.

9) Lhsj jxtjrdh B`s hft`s prjphrht`rn` prjphrht`rn`ss Js bh prncjrh chdnljsthfnöd kj bh rjs`bufnöd kjb hgjdtj kj f`cjtjr bh ndlrhffnöd pjdhb. Jd jsth jthph jb hut`r `itnjdj ` knsp`dj kj b`s cjkn`s jbjg jbjgnk nk`s `s ph phrh rh f` f`cj cjtj tjrr jb kj kjbnbnt` t`.. Js Jstj tj f` f`cp cp`r `rth thcn cnjd jdt` t` prjf prjfjk jkj j h bh 8>

 

jojfufnöd tãpnfh kjb kjbnt`. B`s hft`s prjphrht`rn`s s`d h tãpnf`s p`r b` thdt` thd t` s`d ncpudj ncpudjs. s. Bh Bjy jxfjpf jxfjpfn`d n`dhbc hbcjdt jdtj j fhs fhstng tngh h hbg hbgud` ud`ss hft hft`s `s prjphrht`rn`s f`dstruyjdk` lngurhs kjbnftnvhs pr`pnhs. Jbb` sufjkj fuhdk` sj f`dsnkjrh quj thbjs hffn`djs ndjquãv`fhcjdtj sj knrngjd hb kjbnt` y fuhdk` bh bufah f`dtrh fnjrths l`rchs kj frncndhbnkhk rjqunjrj udh rèpnkh ndtjrvjdf ndtjrv jdfnöd nöd.. Joj Jojcp cpb`? b`? Jd kjb kjbnt` nt`ss f`dtr f`dtrh h bh Vjg Vjgurn urnkhk khk ]ÿi ]ÿibnf bnfh, h, [rè [rèlnf lnf` ` Nbãfnt` kj Kr`ghs, [jrr`rnsc`.

6) Bh tjdthtnvh. V`d b`s hft`s quj sj jxtnjdkjd kjskj jb c`cjdt` jd quj f`cnjdzh bh jojfufnöd, ahsth hdtjs kj bh f`dsuchfnöd. Bh [jdthtnvh js bh ndtjrrupfnöd kjb pr`fjs` kj jojfufnöd tjdknjdtj h hbfhdzhr bh f`dsuchfnöd. Bh [j [jdt dtht htnv nvh h sj f`dl f`dlng ngur urh h f`c` f`c` ud kjbn kjbnt` t` nc ncpj pjrl rljf jft` t`,, qu quj j hk hkqu qunj njrj rj knljrjdtjs l`rchs f`dl`rcj hb c`cjdt` jojfutnv`, bhs quj pujkjd sjr? - [jdthtnvh Ndhfhihkh - [jdthtnvh Hfhihkh - [jdthtnvh Vncpbj - Kjsnstncnjdt` - Hrrjpjdtncnjdt` Hftnv` - Kjbnt` Lrustrhk` - Kjbnt` Ncp`snibj ;) Bh f`dsuchfnöd  Js bh rjhbnzhfnöd l`rchb kj ud tnp`, js kjfnr quj jb hgjdtj hbfhdfj jb lnd tãpnf` pbhdjhk` cjknhdtj b`s cjkn`s ` ndstrucjdt`s quj utnbnzh.

:) Jb hg`thcnjdt` Js bh f`dsuchfnöd chtjrnhb, jd bh quj sj hbfhdzh bh bjsnöd kjb injd  ourãknf` pr`tjgnk`.

9. KJLNDNFN@D KJ [YH[H KJ ]JYV@DHV . h. Kjlndnfnöd Ndtjrdhfn`dhb Bh kjlndnfnöd ndtjrdhfn`dhb hfjpthkh kjb tîrcnd` ‒[YH[H ‒[Y H[H KJ ]JYV@D ]JYV@DHV– HV– js rjb rjbhtn htnvhc vhcjdt jdtj j duj dujvh. vh. Vj f`dsn f`dsngun gunö ö p`r  9=

 

prncjrh vjz jd jb ]r`t`f`b` phrh prjvjdnr, rjprncnr y shdfn`dhr bh trhth kj pjrs pj rs`d `dhs hs,, js jspj pjfn fnhb hbcj cjdt dtj j cuoj cuojrj rjss y dn dnø` ø`s, s, qu quj j f`cp f`cpbj bjcj cjdt dth h bh F`dvjdfnöd kj bhs Dhfn`djs Zdnkhs f`dtrh bh Kjbndfujdfnh @rghdnzhkh [rhdsdhfn`dhb. Jstj ]r`t`f`b` luj susfrnt` jb 9=== jd bh fnukhk nthbnhdh kj ]hbjrc`, kj haã su kjd`cndhfnöd f`c` ]r`t`f`b` kj ]hbjrc`. Jb hr hrtã tãfu fub` b` 6 kjb kjb ]r ]r`t `t`f `f`b `b` ` jsth jsthib ibjf jfj j qu quj j p` p`rr trht trhth h kj pj pjrs rs`d `dhs hs sj jdtnjdkj ‒h bh fhpthfnöd, trhdsp`rtj, trhsbhk`, hf`gnkh ` rjfjpfnöd, kj udh pjrs`dh (F@DKZF[HV FYNCNDHBJV) ushdk` bh hcjdhzh. Bh lujrzh u `trhs l`rchs kj f`hffnöd ` cjknhdtj rhpt` ` prnvhfnöd kj bnijrthk, lrhukj, hius` kj p`kjr ` kj hbgudh sntuhfnöd kj vubdjrhinbnkhk, f`dfjsnöd ` rjfjpfnöd kj ijdjlnfn`s phrh b`grhr jb f`dsjdtncnjdt` kj udh pjrs`dh quj tnjdj hut`rnkhk s`irj `trh (cjkn`s) f`d lndjs kj jxpb`thfnöd (lndhbnkhk ` pr`pösnt` pr`p ösnt`)– )– Jsth jxpb jxpb`thf `thfnöd nöd pujk pujkj j sjr knljrj knljrjdtjs dtjs l`rch l`rchs, s, jxpb jxpb`thfn `thfnöd öd bh bhi` i`rh rhbb ` jx jxtr trhf hffn fnöd öd kj ör örgh ghd` d`ss au auch chd` d`s. s. Hg Hgrj rjgh gh,, hk hkjc jcès ès qu quj j jb f`dsjd f`d sjdtnc tncnjd njdt` t` kj bh vãftnc vãftnch h sj f`d f`dsnk snkjrh jrhrãh rãh vnf vnfnhk nhk` ` ` l`r l`rzh zhk` k` sn jb trhthdtj auinjrh jcpbjhk` hbgud` kj b`s cjkn`s cjdfn`dhk`s, jd jb fhs` quj bh vãftnch sjh cjd`r kj jkhk, jb kjbnt` sj f`dlngurh f`d bh rjhbnzhfnöd kj f`dkufths frncndhbjs f`c` bh fhpthfnöd, trhdsp`rtj, trhsbhk`, hf`gnkh ` rjfjpfnöd f`d lndjs kj jxpb`thfnöd hud fuhdk` d` sj ahyh rjfurrnk` hbgu hbgud` d` kj b` b`ss cj cjkn kn`s `s.. ]hrh ]hrh pbhs pbhsch chrr bh js jsjd jdfn fnh h kj js jsth th kj kjlnlndn dnfn fnöd öd ndtjrdhfn`dhb, bhs d`ths ndtjrprjthtnvhs `lnfnhbjs kj ]r`t`f`b` kj ]hbjrc` sjøhbhd quj bh trhth kj pjrs`dhs rhknfh jd bh c`vnbnzhfnöd kj pjrs`dhs kj ud bughr h `tr` phrh s`cjtjrbh h knstndths l`rchs kj jxpb`thfnöd snd ncp`rthr b`s cjkn`s jcpbjhk`s. i. Kjlndnfnöd sjgÿd bh Bjgnsbhfnöd ]jdhb ]jruhdh Jb ]jrÿ js ud` kj b`s p`f`s phãsjs kj Hcîrnfh Bhtndh f`d udh bjy jspjfãlnfh kj [rhth kj ]jrs`dhs, ndfbunkh, hkjcès, jdtrj b`s kjbnt`s F`dtrh bh Bnijrthk. Jb Fökng` ]jdhb ]jruhd` jd f`df`rkhdfnh f`d b`s Bndjhcnjdt`s kjb ]r`t`f`b` kj ]hbjrc`, tnpnlnfh h [rhth kj ]jrs`dhs jd bh Bjy 91>:= f`c` ud kjbnt` F`dtrh bh Bnijrthk, jd b`s sngunjdtjs tîrcnd`s?  Hrtnfub` 8:6.- [rhth kj ]jrs`dhs.- Jb quj pr`cujvj, lhv`rjfj, lndhdfnh ` lhfnbnth bh fhpthfnöd, trhdsp`rtj, trhsbhk`, hf`gnkh, rjfjpfnöd ` rjtjdfnöd 98

 

kj `tr`, jd jb tjrrnt`rn` kj bh Yjpuibnfh ` phrh su shbnkh ` jdtrhkh kjb phãs, rjfurrnjdk` h bh vn`bjdfnh, bh hcjdhzh u `trhs l`rchs kj f`hffnöd, bh ]rnvhfnöd kj bh Bnijrthk, jb lrhukj , jb jdghø`, jb hius` kj p`kjr ` kj udh sn sntu tuhf hfnö nöd d kj vubd vubdjr jrhi hinbnbnk nkhk hk ` bh f` f`df dfjs jsnö nöd d ` rjfj rjfjpf pfnö nöd d kj phg` phg`ss ` ijdjlnfn`s, f`d lndjs kj jxpb`thfnöd , vjdth kj dnø`s, phrh quj jojrzh bh pr`stntuf pr`stn tufnöd nöd,, s`cjtj s`cjtjrb` rb` h jsfbh jsfbhvnt vntuk uk sjxuh sjxuhb,b, `ib `ibngh nghrb` rb`ss h cjd cjdkng knghr, hr, h rjhbnzhr trhiho`s ` sjrvnfn`s l`rzhk`s, h bh sjrvnkucirj, bh jsfbhvntuk ` prhftnfhs hdèb`ghs h bh jsfbhvntuk u `trhs l`rchs kj jxpb`thfnöd bhi`rhb ` jxtrhffnöd, bhi`rhb ` trèlnf` kj örghd`s ` tjonk`s auchd`s sjrè rjprncnk` f`d pjdh prnvhtnvh kj bnijrthk d` cjd`r kj `fa` dn chy`r kj qundfj hø`s. Bh fhpthfnöd, trhdsp`rtj, trhsbhk`, hf`gnkh, rjfjpfnöd ` rjtjdfnöd kj ud dnø`, dnøh ` hk`bjsfjdtj f`d lndjs kj jxpb`thfnöd sj f`dsnkjrh trhth kj pjrs pj rs`d `dhs hs ndfb ndfbus us` ` fu fuhd hdk` k` d` sj rjfu rjfurr rrh h h dn dndg dgud ud` ` kj b` b`ss cj cjkn kn`s `s sjøhbhk`s jd jb pèrrhl` hdtjrn`r. L`rchs Hgrhvhkhs kj bh [rhth kj ]jrs`dhs. - Jb Fökng` ]jdhb ]jruhd` prjvî k`s jsfhbhs kj hgrhvhdtjs. Jd bh prncjrh, bh pjdh sjrè d` cjd`r kj k`fj hø`s dn chy`r kj vjndtj hø`s kj prnvhfnöd kj bh bnijrthk j ndahinbnthfnöd jd b`s sngunjdtjs fhs`s? - Jb hgjdtj f`cjtj jb ajfa` hiushdk` hiushdk` kjb kjb jojrfnfn` k kj j bh ludf ludfnöd nöd pÿibnfh. - Jb hgjdtj js pr`c`t`r, ndtjgrhdtj ` rjprjsjdthdtj kj udh `rghdnzhfnöd s`fn s` fnhb hb,, tu tutj tjbh bhrr ` jcpr jcprjs jshr hrnh nhb,b, quj quj hp hpr` r`vj vjfa fah h kj jsth jsth f` f`dk dknf nfnö nöd d y hftnvnkhkjs phrh pjrpjtrhr jstj kjbnt`. - Jxnsth pburhbnkhk kj vnftnchs - Bh vnftnch tnjdj jdtrj fht` fht`rfj rfj y cjd cjd`s `s kj k knjfn`fa` njfn`fa` hø` hø`ss kj jkhk jkhk ` js ndfhphz. - Jb hgjdtj js f`dyu f`dyuguj, guj, f`dvnvnjdtj, f`dvnvnjdtj, hk`pthdtj, hk`pthdtj, tut`r, furhk`r, p phrnjdtj, hrnjdtj, ahsth jb fuhrt` grhk` kj f`dshdgundnkhk ` sjgudk` kj hlndnkhk, ` tnjdj h bh vãftnch h su funkhk` p`r fuhbqunjr c`tnv` ` ahinthd jd jb cnsc` a`ghr. - Jb ajfa` js f`cjtnk f`cjtnk` ` p`r k`s ` cès pjrs` pjrs`dhs. dhs. Jd bh sjg sjgudkh udkh js jsfhbh fhbh kj hgrhvhdtjs hucjdth bh pjdh prnvhtnvh kj bh bnijrthk h d` cjd`s kj 9: hø`s fuhdk`? 99

 

- Vj pr`kuzfh bh cujrtj, bjs bjsnöd nöd grhvj ` sj p`d p`dgh gh jd ndcn ndcndjdtj djdtj pjbngr` bh vnkh y bh sjgurnkhk kj bh vãftnch. - Bh vnftnch vnftnch js cjd`r kj fh fht`rfj t`rfj hø hø`s `s kj jkhk ` phkjfj, phkjfj, tjcp`rhb tjcp`rhb ` pjrchdjdtjcjdtj, kj hbgudh knsfhphfnkhk lãsnfh ` cjdthb. - Jb hgjdtj hgjdtj js phrtj kj udh `rghdnzhfnöd frncndhb.

6. C@KHBNKHKJV KJ [YH[H KJ ]JYV@DHV Vjgÿd jb bughr (` bughrjs) k`dkj `furrj bh trhth sj nkjdtnlnfhd jd bhs sngunjdtjs c`khbnkhkjs?

h. [rhth dhfn`dhb ` ndtjrdh . Jb rjfbuthcnjdt`, trhsbhk` y bh jxpb`thfnöd kj bh vãftnch `furrjd hb ndtjrn`r  kj ud cnsc` phãs. Bhs pjrs`dhs s`d f`cjrfnhbnzhkhs phrh kjstndhrbhs h fuirnr bh kjchdkh kjdtr` kjb tjrrnt`rn` dhfn`dhb5 jd jb ]jrÿ jxnstjd kht`s j ndknfn`s kj bh jxnstjdfnh kj knvjrshs c`khbnkhkjs kj trhth ndtjrdh?  - Jxpb`thfnöd Vjxuhb  Jxpb`thfnöd kj bh pr`stntufnöd (ruths h bh f`sth d`rtj, sjbvh d`rtj, Bnch, sjbvh sur, snjrrh sur, f`sth sur), p`rd`grhlãh, turnsc` sjxuhb (Fusf` ` z`dhs kj bh sjbvh, Vhd Chrtãd, B`rjt` y Zfhyhbn)

- Jxpb`thfnöd Bhi`rhb, [rhiho`s ` Vjrvnfn`s L`rzhk`s. Jd bh hgrnfubturh, sj ahd kjtjfthk` sntuhfn`djs kj cjd`rjs quj s`d fhpt fh pthk hk`s `s y tr trhs hsbh bhkh khk` k`ss phrh phrh tr trhi hiho hohr hr jd fahfr ahfrhs hs,, b` b`ss fu fuhb hbjs js s` s`d d kjsp kj spbh bhzh zhk` k`ss

kj kjsk skj j

Hrjq Hrjqun unph ph,,

Bn Bnch ch,,

]u ]ujr jrt` t` Ch Chbk bk`d `dhk hk`, `, Fu Fusf sf`5 `5

Fhohchrfh ` Nqunt`s phrh trhihohr jd bh pr`pnh Hrjqunph ` Fusf`, bh Bnijrthk y ]ud`5 [hbh kj Chkjrh, js jstj fhs` jb phtröd trhsbhkh bh chd` kj `irh kjskj Fusf`, ]ud`, Hrjqunph, y ]ufhbbph h rjgn`djs hbjohkhs kjb i`squj tr`pnfhb jd k`dkj ndsthbh fhcphcjdt`s chkjrjr`s, bh fhpthfnöd sj pr`kufj h trhvîs kj cjdshojs rhknhbjs ` kj chdjrh pjrs`dhb, sj `lrjfj trhiho` p`r tjcp`rhkhs y sj irndkhd hkjbhdt`s kj 8= % y 9=% kjb shbhrn` 5 Cndjrãh , jd jstj fhs` sj jdghøh h bh vãftnch f`d `ljrths kj trhiho` tjcp`rhb5 Lhirnfhs, jd Bnch sj ah kjtjfthk` Jcprjshs kjknfhkhs h bh pjbh kj ho`s quj chdtjdãhd h sus jcpbjhk`s rjfbunk`s jd rîgncjd kj trhth5 [rhiho` k`cîstnf`, cjd`rjs kj jkhk s`d trhsbhkhk`s h Bnch phrh 96

 

kjsjcpjøhrsj jd jb sjrvnfn` k`cîstnf`, h cjduk` iho` bh lngurh kjb ‒ ]hkrndhzg`– tnp` hk`pfnöd lnftnfnh quj jd `fhsn`djs ndfbuyj jb f`dtrht`.  - Jxpb`thfnöd jd bh Cjdknfnkhk Jd Bnch, sj f`dsthth bh jxnstjdfnh kj fhs`s fuyhs vãftnchs pr`vnjdjd kj bh pjrnljrnh kj bh pr`pnh fhpnthb y kj kjphrthcjdt`s f`c` Auhdfhvjbnfh y ]ud`.

 - Chtrnc`dn` Vjrvnb. Vj pr prjs jsjd jdth th fuhd fuhdk` k` bhs bhs vãft vãftnc nchs hs s` s`d d f` f`dt dthf hfth thkh khss vãh vãh hg hgjd jdfn fnhs hs chtrnc`dnhbjs phrh jsthibjfjr vãdfub`s hc`r`s`s f`d jxtrhdojr`s f`d jb lnd kj f`dtrhjr dupfnhs y trhsbhkhr h bhs cuojrjs hb jxtjrn`r.  - F`cprh y \jdth kj dnø`s, dnøhs y hk`bjsfjdtjs Vj tnjdj f`d`fncnjdt` kj prèftnfhs kj f`cprh y vjdth kj dnø`s jd jb ]jrÿ.

- F`cnsnöd kj Kjbnt`s D` sj ah ahd d jd jdf` f`dt dtrh rhk` k` kht` kht`ss h js jstj tj kj kjbnbnt` t` vn vndf dfub ubhk hk` ` h bh [rht [rhth h kj ]jrs`dhs.

- F`cjrfnhbnzhfnöd kj Örghd`s D` sj ah ahd d jd jdf` f`dt dtrh rhk` k` kht` kht`ss h js jstj tj kj kjbnbnt` t` vn vndf dfub ubhk hk` ` h bh [rht [rhth h kj ]jrs`dhs.

- Yjfbuthcnjdt` L`rz`s` Jd bh bhss îp`f îp`fhs hs kj bh gu gujr jrrh rh nd ndtj tjrd rdh, h, k` k`dk dkj j b` b`ss grup grup`s `s su suiv ivjr jrsn snv` v`ss rjfbuthr`d hk`bjsfjdtjs y oövjdjs phrh su kjsjcpjø` jd jb f`cihtj.

:. BH ]@BNFNH DHFN@DHB KJB ]JYZ ^ BH ND\JV[NGHFN@D KJ [YH[H KJ ]JYV@DHV. h. Vnstjch kj Ndvjstnghfnöd Frncndhb. ]hrh bh pjrsjfufnöd kj bh trhth kj pjrs`dhs y b`s kjbnt`s kj jxpb`thfnöd, bh p`bnfãh fujdt fu jdth h f`d ud snstjc snstjch h kj Ndv Ndvjst jstngh nghfnö fnöd d Frn Frncnd cndhb, hb, f` f`d d udh jstruf jstruftur turh h h dnv dnvjb jb dhfn`dhb, jdfhijzhk` p`r bh hftuhb Knvnsnöd kj Ndvjstnghfnöd F`dtrh bh [rhth kj ]jrs`dhs j Ndvjstnghfn`djs Jspjfnhbjs kj bh Knrjffnöd kj Ndvjstnghfnöd Frncndhb.  Hsncnsc`, jxnstjd `trhs knvnsn`djs kjpjdknjdtjs kj bh KNYNDFYN ]D] quj pujkjd ndvjstnghr kjbnt`s kj jxpb`thfnöd y hlndjs, f`c` bh Knvnsnöd kj Ndvjstnghfnöd kj A`cnfnkn`s (ndvjstngh bh jxtrhffnöd y trèlnf` kj örghd`s auchd`s), Knvnsnöd kj ndvjstnghfnöd y Iÿsqujkh kj ]jrs`dhs Kjshphrjfnkhs, Kjshphrjfnkhs, quj hb uinfhr h udh pjrs`dh 9;

 

pujkj hkvjrtnr sntuhfn`djs kj jxpb`thfnöd y bh Knvnsnöd kj ndvjstnghfnöd kj Jsthlhs y @t @trh rhss Kjlrh Kjlrhuk ukhf hfn` n`dj djs, s, qu quj j pujk pujkj j nd ndvj vjst stng nghr hr jb kj kjbnbnt` t` kj trèl trèlnf nf` ` nbnbãf ãfnt` nt` kj cngrhdtjs, quj jd hbgudhs `fhsn`djs pujkj f`dvjrtnrsj jd sntuhfn`djs kj trhth kj pjrs`dhs ndtjrdhfn`dhb.  Hsncnsc`, b`s Kjphrthcjdt`s kj ndvjstnghfn`djs Frncndhb (KJNDFYN) quj kjpjdkjd kj bh KNYNDFYN ]D], jb fjdtr` kj Ndvjstnghfn`djs Jspjfnhbjs kj bh Knvnsnöd kj Lhcnbnh kj bh \NN KNY[J]@B, hsã f`c`5 bhs Knvnsn`djs kj Ndvjstnghfnöd Frncndhbjs kj bhs Yjgn`djs ]`bnfnhbjs y b`s Kjphrthcjdt`s kj Ndvjstnghfnöd ]`bnfnhb (KJND]@B) kj bhs F`cnshrãhs, tnjdjd bh lhfubthk kj ndvjstnghr ajfa`s kj hius` y jxpb`thfnöd sjxuhb quj ndv`bufrjd dnøhs, dnø`s y hk`bjsfjdtjs.

h. Lhsjs kjb kjbnt` kj trhth kj pjrs`dhs F`d rjbhfnöd hb c`kus `pjrhdk` kj bhs pjrs`dhs ndv`bufrhkhs jd jb kjbnt` kj trhth kj pjrs`dhs sj ahd nkjdtnlnfhk` bhs sngunjdtjs lhsjs? h. Lhsjs kjb kjbnt` kj trhth kj pjrs`dhs F`d rjbhfnöd hb c`kus `pjrhdk` kj bhs pjrs`dhs ndv`bufrhkhs jd jb kjbnt` kj trhth kj pjrs`dhs sj ahd nkjdtnlnfhk` bhs sngunjdtjs lhsjs?

- @ljrth. - Jd jsth lhsj sj p`djd jd chrfah jstrhtjgnhs kj f`dthft`-`ljrthpjrs pj rsuh uhsn snöd öd f`c` f`c` sj tr trht hth h kj fhpt fhpthr hr jb ch chy` y`rr dÿ dÿcj cjr` r` kj vãft vãftnc nchs hs,, b` b`ss jdfhrghk`s kj `ljrthr kjijd kj g`zhr kj fnjrth frjkninbnkhk phrh ahfjrb`.

- Jb rj rjfb fbut uthc hcnj njdt dt` ` ` fhpt fhpthf hfnö nöd d . - Kurh Kurhdt dtj j js jsth th lhsj lhsj bh bhss `rgh `rghdn dnzh zhfn fn`d `djs js frncndhbjs sj vhbjd kj knljrjdtjs l`rchs phrh rjfbuthr h bh vãftnch. F`d lrjfuj lrj fujdf dfnh nh sj hfjrfh hfjrfhd d cjk cjknhd nhdtj tj hvn hvns`s s`s fbhsnl fbhsnlnfh nfhk`s k`s ` h trh trhvîs vîs k hbg hbgudh udh pjrs`dh fjrfhdh, lhcnbnhr ` hcngh kj bh p`tjdfnhb vãftnch.

- Jb f`cpr`cns`. - Zdh vjz quj bh pjrs`dh ah snk` fhpthkh, bhs `rghdnzhfn`djs frncndhbjs sj f`cpr`cjtjd h phghr y/` fucpbnr f`d jb trhiho` `lrjfnk`. Bjs ahfjd, jdt`dfjs lnrchr ud f`dtrht` y bjs hkjbhdthd udh fhdtnkhk f`dsnkjrhibj kj kndjr`, ncp`snibj kj kjv`bvjr jd l`rch ndcjknhth. - Jb vnhoj ` trhsbhk`. - Jd jsth jthph bh pjrs`dh js ndstrunkh s`irj föc` f`cp`rthrsj, rjsp`dkjr y quj hftntukjs c`strhr kurhdtj jb vnhoj y lrjdtj h bhs hut`rnkhkjs cngrht`rnhs phrh jb ndgrjs` ‒jxnt`s`– hb bughr kj kjstnd`.

- Yjfjpfnöd jd jb bughr kj kjstnd` y rjqunsh kj k`fucjdt`s .- Bh vãftnch js rjfninkh jd jb bughr kj kjstnd` p`r ndtjgrhdtjs kj bh `rghdnzhfnöd frncndhb, jdfhrghk`s kj f`dkufnrbh hb bughr kj fhutnvjrn`. 9:

 

- Fhutnvjrn`.- Zdh vjz jd jb bughr kj kjstnd`, bhs vãftnchs f`cnjdzhd h pjrkjr jb f`dtr`b s`irj sus vnkhs y bnijrthk pjrs`dhb5 sj vjd jdlrjdthkhs h `tr`s tnp`s kj fubturh, nkn`ch, s`d s`cjtnkhs h f`dknfn`djs kj jxpb`thfnöd, kjshrrhng` y s`bjkhk jd bhs quj jdlrjdthd su rjhbnkhk y sj khd fujdth kjb jdghø`.

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FH]Ã[ZB@ NNN

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CHYF@ @]JYHFN@DHB

H. [N]@ ^ DN\JB KJ ND\JV[NGHFNÖD 8. [N]@ KJ ND\JV[NGHFNÖD Bh prjsjdtj ndvjstnghfnöd sj jdfuhkrh kjdtr` kj bh Ndvjstnghfnöd Ièsnfh, jd rhzöd quj iusfh jvhbuhr jb f`d`fncnjdt` quj sj tnjdj s`irj jb tnp` pjdhb kjb kjbnt` kj [rhth kj pjrs`dhs jd su c`khbnkhk kj jxpb`thfnöd sjxuhb ndlhdtnb y su rjbhfnöd f`d bh kjshphrnfnöd kj cjd`rjs kj jkhk.

9. DN\JB KJ ND\JV[NGHFNÖD. Bh prjsjdtj ndvjstnghfnöd js kj dnvjb kjsfrnptnv` p`rquj su pr`pösnt` js cjknr  jb grhk` kj rjbhfnöd quj jxnstj jdtrj bhs k`s vhrnhibjs, bh kjshphrnfnöd kj cjd`rjs kj jkhk y jb kjbnt` kj trhth kj pjrs`dhs. Jb pr`pösnt` prndfnphb kjb jstukn jstu kn` ` kj kjsf sfrn rnpt ptnv nv` ` js shi hijr jr fö föc` c` sj pu pujk jkj j f` f`cp cp`r `rth thrr ud udh h vh vhrn rnhi hibj bj f`d`fnjdk` jb f`cp`rthcnjdt` kj bh `trh vhrnhibj.

I. KNVJØ@ KJ BH ND\JV[NGHFNÖD. Jb knsj knsjø` ø` h jcpb jcpbjh jhrr sj sjrè rè jb knsj knsjø` ø` d` jx jxpj pjrn rncj cjdt dthb hb kj tntnp` p` trhd trhdsj sjff ffn` n`dh dhbb f`rrjbhfn`dhb ‖ fhushb, pujs b`s kht`s sj rjf`bjfthrèd jd ud s`b` c`cjdt` f`d bh lndhbnkhk kj kjsfrninr bhs vhrnhibjs y su ndfnkjdfnh ` ndtjrrjbhfnöd jd ud c`cjdt` khk`. Jd jstj sjdtnk` sj hpbnfhrè jd bh Knvnsnöd kj Ndvjstnghfnöd kj ]jrs`dhs Kjsphrjfnkhs kj bh KNYNDFYN-]D].

F. F@IJY[ZYH KJ JV[ZKN@. 8. ]@IBHFNÖD Bh p`ibhfnöd `iojt` kj jstukn` f`cprjdkj h >1 jljftnv`s p`bnfnhbjs, jdtrj @lnfnhbjs, Vui-@lnfnhbjs y Jspjfnhbnsths kj bh KN\N]K- KNYNDFYN ]D].

9. CZJV[YH Bh jxtr jxtrh hff ffnö nöd d kj bh cujs ujstr trh h sj rj rjhb hbnz nzh hrè p`r cj cjk kn` kjb cu cujs jstr trj j` D@ ]Y@I ]Y @IHI HINB NBÃV ÃV[N [NF@ F@,, kj tnp` tnp` ND ND[J [JDF DFN@ N@DH DHB, B, f` f`rrj rrjsp sp`d `dkn knjd jdk` k` ud t`th t`thbb kj 6: jljftnv`s jdtrj @lnfnhbjs y Vui`lnfnhbjs ]D] quj prjsthd sjrvnfn`s jd bh Knvnsnöd kj Ndvjstnghfnöd ]jrs`dhs Kjshphrjfnkhs Kjshphrjfnkhs kj bh KNYNDFYN ]D]. 97

 

K. [ÎFDNFHV J NDV[YZCJD[@V KJ YJF@BJFFNÖD KJ KH[@V ]hrh bh rjf`bjffnöd kj kht`s sj utnbnzhr`d b`s sngunjdtjs ndstrucjdt`s?

8. [ÎFDNFHV   Vj utnbnzhrè bh jdtrjvnsth jstrufturhkh, tjdkrè f`c` lndhbnkhk jdtrjvnsthr h b`s @lnfnhbjs y sui `lnfnhbjs kj bh Knvnsnöd kj Ndvjstnghfnöd kj ]jrs`dhs Kjshphrjfnkhs kj bh KNYNDFYN ]D], phrh `itjdjr ndl`rchfnöd s`irj jb f`d`fncnjdt` jxnstjdtj s`irj bh rjbhfnöd jdtrj bh kjshphrnfnöd kj cjd`rjs y bh trhth kj pjrs`dhs.

9. NDV[YZCJD[@V  Vj utnbnzhrè jd jb prjsjdtj pr`yjft` bh Jdfujsth, y sj iusfhrè ndkhghr bh `pndnöd quj tnjdj jb pjrs`dhb ]D] quj bhi`rh jd bh Knvnsnöd kj Ndvjstnghfnöd kj ]jrs`dhs Kjshphrjfnkhs kj bh KNYNDFYN ]D].

J. [ÎFDNFHV KJ ]Y@FJVHCNJD[@ ^ HDÈBNVNV KJ KH[@V 8. ]HYH BH YJF@BJFFNÖD KJ KH[@V.  Vj tjdkrè quj s`bnfnthr bh hut`rnzhfnöd hb F`chdk` kj bh KNYNDFYN-]D], phrh quj, kj hfuj hfujrk rk` ` h ud fr fr`d `d`g `grh rhch ch pr prjj jjst sthi hibj bjfn fnk` k`,, sj f` f`dv dv`q `quj uj h b` b`ss @l @lnf nfnh nhbj bjss y Vui`lnfnhbjs kj bh Knvnsnöd kj Ndvjstnghfnöd kj [rhth kj ]jrs`dhs h lnd kj sjr  jdfujsthk`s.

 H b`s @lnfnhbjs y Vui`lnfnhbjs ]D], sj bjs pr`p`rfn`dhrè jb rjspjftnv` fujstn`dhrn` f`c` ndstrucjdt` kj jdfujsth y h b`s @lnfnhbjs sj bjs rjhbnzhrè bh jdtrjvnsth pjrs`dhb rjspjftnvh.

9. ]HYH JB HDÈBNVNV KJ KH[@V. Vj utnbnzhrè bh jsthkãstnfh kjsfrnptnvh h trhvîs kj ud fuhkr` kj knstrniufnöd kj lrjfujdfnhs y bh jbhi`rhfnöd kj grèlnf`s quj pjrcntnrèd ahfjr cès vnhibj y `iojtnv` b`s rjsubthk`s `itjdnk`s.

91

 

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8. Kj hfujrk` h bh jsthkãstnfh hpbnfhkh, ah kjtjrcndhk` quj jb pjrs`dhb p`bnfnhb kj bh Knvnsnöd kj Ndvjstnghfnöd kj ]jrs`dhs Kjsphrjfnkhs kj bh KNYNDFYN-]D] d` fujdth f`d b`s f`d`fncnjdt`s sulnfnjdtjs s`irj bh trhth kj pjrs`dh b` fuhb ndlbuyj knrjfthcjdtj jd bhs ndvjstnghfn`djs p`bnfnhbjs. 9. Vj ah kjtjrcndhk` quj jb 71% kjb pjrs`dhb p`bnfnhb quj prjsth sjrvnfn`s jd bh KN\N]K kj bh KNYNDFYN-]D], d` tnjdj f`d`fncnjdt` f`c` sj rjbhfn`dh jb kjbnt` kj trhth kj pjrs`dhs f`d bh kjshphrnfnöd kj cjd`rjs5 b` fuhb js ud lhft`r  djghtnv`, pujst` sn injd js fnjrt` tnjdjd f`d`fncnjdt` kj b`s pr`fjkncnjdt`s kj fhkh kjbnt`, d` pujkjd jsthibjfjr fbhrhcjdtj su rjbhfnöd.

6. Vj ah kjtjrcndhk` quj jb pjrs`dhb ]D] kj bh KN\N]K kj bh KNYNDFYN-]D], d` ah snk` fhphfnthk` f`dvjdnjdtjcjdtj jd furs`s s`irj bh trhth kj pjrs`dhs, b` fuhb ndlbuyj knrjfthcjdtj jd bhs ndvjstnghfn`djs p`bnfnhbjs, hsã f`c` quj d` tnjdj pbjd pbjd` ` f`d` f`d`fn fncnj cnjdt dt` ` f`c` f`c` jb lnlndh dhdf dfnh nhcn cnjd jdt` t` kj bh trht trhth h kj pj pjrs rs`d `dhs hs y bh jxpb`thfnöd sjxuhb sj rjbhfn`dh f`d bh kjshphrnfnöd kj cjd`rjs kj jkhk. ;. D` jxnstjd hkjfuhk`s jstukn`s jd bh Knvnsnöd kj Ndvjstnghfnöd kj ]jrs`dhs Kjshphrjfnkhs kj bh KNYNDFYN-]D], s`irj su pr`ibjcètnfh jxnstjdtj y kj jsh l`rch sj pujkh cjo`rhr bh sntuhfnöd jxnstjdtj, jst` jd jb hspjft` b`gãstnf` y auchd`.

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8. Xu Xuj, j, sj knlu knludk dkh h f`dv f`dvjd jdnj njdt dtjc jcjd jdtj tj hb pjrs pjrs`d `dhb hb kj bh Kn Knvn vnsn snöd öd ]j ]jrs rs`d `dhs hs Kjshphrjfnkhs kj bh KNYNDFYN-]D], s`irj bh bjgnsbhfnöd kj kjbnt`s f`dtrh bh trhth kj pjrs`dhs, y kj jsh l`rch p`kjr cjo`rhr jb dnvjb kj bhs ndvjstnghfn`djs p`bnfnhbjs, jst` h trhvîs kj Vjcndhrn`s y/` f`dljrjdfnhs. 9. Xu Xuj j, sj gjs gjstn` tn`dj hdt dtj j bh LYJ LYJD] D]@ @B-]D B-]D] ] FHOHC HOHCYF YFH H b` b`ss furs urs`s kj Fhphfnthfnöd y Jspjfnhbnzhfnöd s`irj trhth kj pjrs`dhs, kjinjdk` jd jspjfnhb sjr knrngnk`s hb pjrs`dhb kj bh Knvnsnöd kj Ndvjstnghfnöd kj [rhth kj ]jrs`dhs kj bh KN\NDFYN-]D]. FHOHCHYFH 6. Xuj, sj t`cjd jd fujdth dujstrh pr`pujsth kj s`bufnöd y jb ]bhd kj Jstukn`s pr`pujst` y knrngnk` h bh Knvnsnöd kj Ndvjstnghfnöd kj ]jrs`dhs Kjshphrjfnkhs kj bh KN\NDFYN-]D].FHOHCHYFH

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H]@Y[J (Jst (Jstrh rhtj tjgn gnh h phrh phrh pr`p pr`pnf nfnh nhrr fhci fhcin` n`ss jd bh rjhb rjhbnk nkhk hk ndvjstnghkh).

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N. GJDJYHBNKHKJV. H. @IOJ[@ Jsth Js thib ibjf jfjr jr d` d`rc rchs hs y pr pr`f `fjk jknc ncnj njdt dt`s `s phrh phrh jb pb pbhd hdjh jhcn cnjd jdt` t`,, `rgh `rghdn dnzh zhfn fnöd öd y jojf jojfuf ufnö nöd d kj kjbb "]BH "]BHD D KJ JV[Z JV[ZKN KN@V @V KJ BH KN\N KN\NVN VNÖD ÖD KJ ND ND\J \JV[ V[NG NGHF HFNÖ NÖD D F@D[YH BH [YH[H KJ ]JYV@DHV ^ VZ YJBHFN@D F@D BH KJVH]HYNFN@D KJ CJD@YJV", knrngnk` h @lnfnhbjs, Vuihbtjrd`s, Jspjfnhbnsths kj knfah Zdnkhk @pjrhtnvh. 6=

 

I. LNDHBNKHK 8. @rghdnzhr, @rghdnzhr, jojfuth jojfuthrr y jvhbuhr jb "]BHD "]BHD KJ JV[ZKN@V JV[ZKN@V KJ BH KN KN\NVNÖ \NVNÖD D KJ ND\JV[NGHFNÖD F@D[YH BH [YH[H KJ ]JYV@DHV ^ VZ YJBHFN@D F@D BH KJVH]HYNFN@D KJ CJD@YJV". 9. Kjtjrcndhr Kjtjrcndhr bhs hf hffn`dj fn`djss `rnjdthkhs `rnjdthkhs hb b`gr` kj b`s `iojtnv` `iojtnv`ss knsjøh knsjøhk`s k`s jd jb prjsjdtj pbhd. 6. Fucpbnr f`d bhs knsp`s knsp`snfn`djs nfn`djs f`dtjdnkhs f`dtjdnkhs jd jd jb Yj Yjgbhcjdt` gbhcjdt` kj Vjgudk` Dnvjb kjb VJ]-]D].

F. HBFHDFJ 8. LYJD]@B ]D] FHOHCYFH 9. KN\]@V ]D] FHOHCHYFH 6. KN\N]K-KN\NDFYN-]D]-FHOHC KN\N]K-KN\NDFYN-]D]-FHOHCHYFH HYFH

K. IHVJ BJGHB 8. F`dstntufnöd ]`bãtnfh kjb ]jrÿ. 9. Bjy Gjdjrhb kj Jkufhfnöd. 6. Bjy D¿ 89; Yjgbhcjdt` kj bhs Jsfujbhs j Ndstnt. kj jkufhfnöd Vupjrn`r. :. Yjgbhcjdt` kjb 9¿ Dnvjb kjb VJ]-]D] y knrjftnvhs f`cpbjcjdthrnhs.