Trabajo de Mineria Subterranea

 

GKTZCMMK JB MK KWWZ WBFRTCJKJ S WKMRJ BO MKW HCOKW JB GKTDIO WRDZBTTKOBKW

\TBWBOZKJI \IT> KOFBM WOBCJBT GKHCMI \KTTKJI TKHCTI \KTTKJIGKWKOIUK TIJTCFRB^CJ>62326:462: NITFB MRCW GKWZTI KTJCMK CJ> 62:7:; @BOTS NIOKZ@KO NIOKZ@KO GKMJBTIO CJ> 62:323 MCG. MR^ HKTCOK BWZR\COKO FKTGCK GIT\ITKGCIO ROCUBTWCZKTCK HCORZI JB JCIW ROCHCORZI

 

ZBHK GBOZTKM HCOBTCKW WRDZBTTKOBKW Mk hcobrèk sudtbrrëobk `kgb prbsbogck bo hks jb 2<  pkèsbs. @cst÷rcgkhbotb @cst÷rcgkhbotb mk hcobrèk hcobrèk sudtbrrëobk sudtbrrëobk jbm gkrd÷o bs mk kgtcvcjkj gio hks rcbsfi pkrk mis bhpmbkjis1 pbri fbobrk frko kpirtb k mk bgioihèk fmidkm, bm gukm bs chpumskjk pir hbjci jbm gkrd÷o, mks cojustrcks bmãgtrcgks tkhdcão rbgcdbo kpirtb jb mk hcobrèk (gkrd÷o) y itrks cojustrcks qub fbobrko kgbri rbqucbrbo euojkhbotkmhbotb jbm gkrd÷o pkrk mk prijuggc÷o.

 

GIOJCGCIOBW JB ZTKDKNI Jbtbrhcokr mk ksigckgc÷o botrb mks giojcgciobs jb mis trkdknkjirbs y mks hirdcmcjkj pbrgcdcjk pir bmmis bo mks hcoks jb gkrd÷o. Mks hcoks sio uoi jb mis mufkrbs jb trkdkni, sco ocofuok jujk, hës  pbmcfrisis gioigcjis gioigcjis pir bm `ihdrb, yk qub ois bxpiobhis k rigks, k bstkr uo mufkr sco pigk muz, ois piobhis bo kspcrkgc÷o jb pkrtègumks ksè  pijbhis gkuskr gkuskr vkrcks boebrhbjkjbs boebrhbjkjbs pumhiokrbs pumhiokrbs y botrb itrks boebrhbjkjbs hks pbmcfrisks. .

 

\BMCFTIW BPCWZBOZBW \bmcfris eèscgis> TRCJIW> Mk bxpiscgc÷o k ocvbmbs jb rucjis supbrcirbs pubjbo gkuskr

uok jcshcougc÷o i uok pbrjcjk jb mk kujcgc÷o y pubjbo gkuskr ektcfk obrvcisk bsti jbdcji k mk bxpiscgc÷o jbm rucji jb mks hkqucoks.

UCDTKGCIOBW> vcdrkgciobs jbm tiji bm gubrpi qub sio trkshctcjks k bstb pir uok

supbrecgcb bo mk qub sb kpiyk mis trkdknkjirbs bstko bxpubstis gio erbgubogck k vcdrkgciobs trkshctcjks k mks hkois i k tiji bm gubrpi y bo mk hbjcjk `kdctukm oi mifrko bmchcokr mk bxpiscgc÷o

BWZTBW JBDCJI KM GKMIT I KM ETCI BPGBWCUI> mis trkdknkjirbs bxpubstis k

uo cotbosi gkmir rkjckotb y bxpubstis k ocvbmbs jb tbhpbrkturk `þhbjks mbs pubjbo gkuskr mk pbrjcjk jb skm y pitksci y mis jbhës bmbhbotis qub sb pcbrjbo bo bm sujir bsti jbdcji km  pridmbhk jbm hkm hkobni hkobni jb mk vbotcmkgc÷o vbotcmkgc÷o jbm ërbk jb trkdkni, trkdkni, pubjb pripcgckr pripcgckr boebrhbjkjbs

 

\BMCFTIW [RCHCGIW WRWZKOGCKW [RCHCGKW BO BM MRFKT JB ZTKDKNI > Bstks sustkogcks

quèhcgks sb bogubotrk bo bm botiroi mkdirkm jb eirhk mcqucjk, simcjk y bo eirhk jb fksbs bstks sustkogcks pubjbo prbsbotkr uo pbmcfri jbdcji km giotkgti gio bm gubrpi pir mk pcbm, cofbstc÷o i co`kmkgc÷o ,bstks tcbobo bebgtis qub sio kfujis y gr÷ocgis pkrk mk skmuj.

KFBOZBW TBW\CTKDMBW

 prijugtis hktbrckmb hktbrckmbss gihi fksbs fksbs ,vkpirbs, pimvi pimvi y `uhi sio prijugtis prijugtis qub sb mmbvko k mk hcok giommbvk mk kdsirgc÷o jb bstis hcshis jb kfbotbs rbspcrkdmbs bstis kfbotbs prbsbotko jcvbrsis rcbsfis tixcgim÷fcgis gihi crrctkotbs, ksecxckotbs quèhcgis, pcr÷fbois, gkrgco÷fbois y t÷xcgis scstãhcgis, bm scstbhk pumhiokr  pubjb vbrsb kebgtkji pir pir bxpiscgc÷o bxpiscgc÷o tixcgk privigkoji privigkoji mbsciobs mbsciobs kfujks, kfujks, `ky kmtks giogbotrkgciobs jb ksecxckotbs pubjbo gkuskr mk hubrtb bo gubstc÷o jb sbfuoji.

 

\BMCFTIW BPCWZBOZBW GKCJKW JB HKZBTCKMBW Tbprbsbotk uo frkvb pbmcfri botrb

jcg`ks gkèjks mks hks `kdctukmbs sio mks gkèjks jb mks d÷vbjks jb mis erbotb jb krrkoqub (fkmbrèk y kvkogb)cogmucjis mis jbsprbojchcbotis jb gkrd÷o, rigks bo bm hcshi gkhpi mkdirkm, pubjb igksciokr mbsciobs kfujks b cogmusi mk hubrtb.

BTFIOIHCK> Bxcstb bm rcbsfi jb suercr mbsciobs jbm kpkrkti

migihitir gukoji sb rbkmczko hivchcbotis rbpbtctcvis y trkdknis jb tcpi hkoukm. Mis hivchcbotis jb trkdkni rbpbtctcvis y primiofkjis, ksè gihi mks pisturks cokjbgukjks, pubjbo privigkr mbsciobs jbm kpkrkti migihitir.

 

B[RC\I JB \TIZBGGCIO \BTWIOKM (B\\) (B\\) Gihi uo hbjci kjcgciokm jb pritbggc÷o giotrk mk bxpiscgc÷o k giojcgciobs pbmcfrisks jb mk hcobrèk y bm gkrd÷o gukoji oi sb pubjb ksbfurkr pir itris hbjcis, mk sbfurcjkj jb mis trkdknkjirbs, pir bnbhpmi, bmchcokoji bm pbmcfri, giotrimkoji bo su eubotb, i rbjugcboji mi km hèochi jbm bhpmbkjir, jbdbrèk chpkrtcrsb coeirhkgc÷o k mk pbrsiok rbspioskdmb jb mk fbstc÷o y jbm euogciokhcboti jbm  prifrkhk jb B\\ k eco jb qub bstb gkpkgctkjks pkrk gioigbr mk èojimb jb mis pbmcfris qub bm B\\  jbdbrëo giotrkrrbstkr mks giosbgubogcks jb uo euogciokhcboti euogciokhcbot i jbecgcbotb i jb uok kvbrèk jbm bqucpi.

 

B\\ TIZBGGCIO JB MK GKDB^K> Bo GKDB^K> Bo mks hcoks jb gkrd÷o tijks mks pbrsiok jbdbrèko utcmczkr gksgi, y kjbhës jbdbrèk mchpckrsb y gihpridkr pbrc÷jcgkhbotb su dubo bstkji jbm hcshi

\TIZBGGCIO JB MK GKTK S INIW> INIW> Jbdbrèko utcmczkrsb  pkotkmmks ekgckmbs ekgckmb s i pritbgtirbs igumkrbs p krk pritbfbr mis inis jb pkrtègumks vimkotbs, `uhis, pimvi y pbmcfris jb gkrëgtbr hèochi.

B[RC\I JB \TIZBGGCIO TBW\CTKZITCK (HKWGKTK JB TBW\CTKGCIO)> Wb jbdbrèko utcmczkr hksgkrks jb rbspcrkgc÷o kpripckjks, bo euogc÷o jb gkjk pbmcfri y rcbsfi, pkrk pritbfbr mk skmuj jbm trkdknkjir, mis bhpmbkjirbs jbdbrèk suhcocstrkr jcspisctcvis jb pritbggc÷o rbspcrktirck qub euogciobs k prbsc÷o pisctcvk gio kpirtb jb kcrb.

 

B\\ \TIZBGGCIO KRJCZCU KRJCZCUK K> Jbdbrèk sbr g÷hiji, y sus usukrcis jbdbrèko

mk coeirhkgc÷o obgbskrck pkrk utcmczkrmi girrbgtkhbotb, girrbgtkhbotb, mks irbnbrks rbjugbo mk gkpkgcjkj pkrk sctukr mks eubotbs sioirks b chpcjbo qub sb icfko mks sbûkmbs jb kmkrhks, bm bqucpi jb pritbggc÷o kujctcvk jbdbrèk bstkr k jcspiscgc÷o jb mis usukrcis k mk botrkjk jb mk ziok jb rucji. Mis usukrcis jbdbrèko pioãrsbmis kotbs jb cofrbskr k bstk ziok jb mks gukmbs jbdbrèko cojcgkrsb gio uok sbûkmczkgc÷o sbûkmczkg c÷o kjbgukjk.

\TIZBGGCIO BPZT. WR\BTCITBW B COEBTCITBW>  Mks hkois y mis

 pcbs jbdbrèko pritbfbrsb pritbfbrsb giotrk pbmcfris eèscgis, eèscgis, quèhcgis i jb itri tcpi. tcpi. JCW\IWCZCUIW KRZIOIHIW JB KRZITTBWGKZB> Ziji bhpmbkjir

jbdbrèk piobr k jcspiscgc÷o jb gkjk pbrsiok qub jbsgcbojk km cotbrcir jb mk hcok uo jcspisctcvi jb kutir rbsgktb, kpridkji pir mk kutircjkj gihpbtbotb, qub scrvko pkrk pritbfbr k jcg`k pbrsiok gihi hèochi jurkotb uok `irk.

 

  TCHBTIW KRPCMCIW \rchbris Kuxcmcis bo Hcoks Wudtbrrëobks Zijk hcok sudtbrrëobk jbdb bstkdmbgbr uo pmko, khpmci qub pbrhctk uok rbspubstk rëpcjk km suercrsb uo kggcjbotb bo mk hcok1 bo gksi jb qub sb prijuzgk uok mbsc÷o, boebrhbjkj i kggcjbotb pubjko mmbfkr k tbobr hbnir gidbrturk sidrb bstb. \krk bmmi sb jbdb tbobr uo gbotri jb skmvkhboti bo mk pkrtb bxtbrok jb mk hcok1 jiojb sb rbkmczkrko mis pmkobs jb giotcofbogck y sb irfkoczkrk tiji bm tbhk rbspbgti k mis kggcjbotbs gio pbrsiokm gkmcecgkji pkrk ktbojbr mks bvbotukmcjkjbs qub sugbjko bo mk hcok. Bstb gbotri jbdb giotkr gio gkhcmmks, ditcquèo, jcspisctcvis jb rbspcrkgc÷o kut÷oihis y jbhës bogbrbs. Bstb gbotri jbdb bstkr jcrcfcji pir uo euogciokrci gihpbtbotb gio gio eirhkgc÷o gihpmbtk bo hktbrck jb skmvkhboti gio mcjbrkzfi y gkrëgtbr1 ººyk qub bm ãxcti jbm rbsgktb hug`ks vbgbs jbpbojb jb g÷hi sbko jcrcfcjisºº. Bm gbotri jbdb tbobr gihuocgkgc÷o gihuocgkgc÷o jcrbgtk gio bm pbrsiokm qub sb bogubotrk kpiykoji jbotri jb mk hcok, bstk pbrsiokm gubotk gio uo gursi bo prchbris kuxcmcis, gio bxpbrcbogck bo hkobni jb prigbjchcbotis jb rbsgktb, hkobni jb bqucpis, hktbrckmbs y trkospirtb jb pbrsioks `brcjks.

 

  TCHBTIW KRPCMCIW Bm pbrsiokm jb prchbris kuxcmcis kuxcmcis jbdb pisbbr uo ditcquèo jb prchbris kuxcmcis kuxcmcis gio km hbois bstis bmbhbotis> Kfuk, subris jb `cjrktkgc÷o irkm, hcgri piri, tcnbrks, kp÷sctis jb tkhkûi pbqubûi, hbjckois y frkojbs, vbojknbs trckofumkrbs y bo riyis, dknk mbofuks, hkotk tãrhcgk, kmgi`im, fukotbs, kmfij÷o, gubmmi irtipãjcgi. Bm pbrsiokm jb prchbris kuxcmcis bs gucjkjiskhbo gucjkjiskhbotb tb sbmbggciokji, tbocboji bo gubotk su kptctuj, rbscstbogck eèscgk, tbhpbrkhboti y jbhës kptctujbs fbobrkmbs pkrk rbkmczkr mk hcsc÷o. Jbdbo giotkr gio jis kûis hèochis jb bxpbrcbogck bo hcoks. Gkjk kûi sio sihbtcjis k prubdks jb rbgioigchcboti hãjcgi yk qub pir mks giojcgciobs bo mks qub bstëo bxpubstis bxpubstis tcbojbo k suercr kmfuoks jcecgumtkjbs1 jcecgumtkjbs1 pir bojb sio bvkmukjis pkrk qub qub bm pbrsiokm qub vk k prbstkr bm sbrvcgci jb prchbris kuxcmcis sb bogubotrb bo duboks giojcgciobs. \krk pijbr bnbrgbr bsk mkdir jbdbo tbobr su gbrtcecgkji jb prchbris kuxcmcis kgtukmczkji.  Gkjk prifrkhk jb prchbris kuxcmcis kuxcmcis sb bmkdirk bo giirjcokgc÷o giirjcokgc÷o jb bhpmbkjirbs, trkdknkjirbs, frupi jb sigirrcstks y pbrsiokm hãjcgi.

 

  TCHBTIW KRPCMCIW  Km suercr uo kggcjbotb kggcjbotb jbo jbotri tri jb mk hcok mi prchbri qub qub sb jbdb `kgbr `kgbr bs rbpirtkr jbm kggcjbotb k mk pbrsiok bogkrfkjk jb fbstciokr mis prigbsis1 sbfuoji kgtcvkr bm scstbhk jb bhbrfbogck, tbrgbri giirjcokr gio bm pbrsiokm qub prbstkrk bm sbrvcgci jb prchbris kuxcmcis uo pmko pkrk bvkmukr mks giojcgciobs jbm mufkr tkmbs gihi bm kcrb, bm tbrrboi y mk vcscdcmcjkj1 mubfi bm bstkji sb bogubotrk bogubotrko o mks pbrsioks kebgtkjks.

Jbpbojcboji jb mks giojcgciobs sb kgtcvkrko mis pritigimis k rbkmczkr pkrk skmvkfukrjkr mks vcjks jb mks pbrsioks1 tiji bsti jbdb tbobr uo tcbhpi jb rbspubstk girti gio bm eco jb ktbojbr gio rkpcjbz bm kggcjbotb i sugbsis qub `kyk igurrcji jbotri jb mks hcoks.

Gukoji uo kggcjbotb bs k gkusk pir kmfþo fimpb i girtkjurk i hkm hkobni jb bqucpis qub kebgtko mk cotbfrcjkj eèscgk jbm hcobri, bm pbrsiokm jb prchbris prchbris kux kuxcmcis cmcis bvkmukrk sc bs uo kggcjbotb kggcjbotb vctkm i oi vctkm1 ksè hcshi tihkrk kggciobs y jbgcsciobs pkrk bm hkobni jbm sugbsi. Wc bm kggcjbotb oi bs vctkm prbstkrk bm sbrvcgci jb prchbris kuxcmcis bo bm mufkr y sb mmbvkrk km gbotri jb giotrim pkrk uok pistbrcir bvkmukgc÷o1 pbri sc bm kggcjbotb bs vctkm y gihprihbtb mk vcjk jbm kggcjbotkji, bm pbrsiokm trktkrë jb bstkdcmcz krmi `kstk qub sbk piscdmb su bvkgukgc÷o jbm mufkr k uo gbotri hãjcgi.

Bo uok hcok pkrk pijbr skmvkfukrjkr mk vcjk jb mks pbrsioks1 trkdknko bo gionuoti, pbrsiokm jb prchbris kuxcmcis, bm frupi j jb b rbsgktb tkmbs gihi dihdbris, jbebosk gcvcm (bo gksis gihi Gimihdck) y pbrsiokm hãjcgi.

 

B\\ TI\K JB ZTKDKNI> Bm bhpmbkjir jbdbrèk  pripirgciokr ripk jb pritbggc÷o pritb ggc÷o kjbgukjk k mi s trkdknkjirbs, mis hktbrckmbs utcmczkjis bo su gioebggc÷o  pkrk rbscstcr mk pbobtrkgc÷o pbobt rkgc÷o jb prijugtis quèhcgis, què hcgis, hcochczkr bm bstrãs tãrhcgi, rbpbmbr bm pimvi, rbscstcr k mk gihdustc÷o y oi jbsgkrfkr mk bmbgtrcgcjkj bstëtcgk.

\TIZBGGCIO GIOZTK MKW GKCJKW> Wb GKCJKW> Wb jbdbrë  pripirgciokr k mis trkdknkjirbs trkdkn kjirbs uo bqucpi kpripckji, kpripck ji, gihi krobs y gubrjks skmvkvcjks, b costrucrmis pkrk su utcmczkgc÷o kjbgukjk.

 

FBOBTKMCJKJBW JBM WF-WWZ \TI\CIW JBM WBGZIT  Bm prigbsi jb hbnirk jb mks giojcgciobs jb trkdkni bo mks hcoks sudtbrrëobks jb gkrd÷o jbdbrèk kdirjkrsb jb eirhk scstbhëtcgk. \krk mifrkr giojcgciobs jb sbfurcjkj y skmuj bo bm trkdkni qub sbko kgbptkdmbs y oi jkûbo bm hbjci khdcbotb, bs obgbskrci covbrtcr bo bstrugturks pbrhkobotbs pkrk prigbjbr k su bxkhbo, pmkocecgkgc÷o, kpmcgkgc÷o y bvkmukgc÷o giotcouis. Bsti jbdbrèk rbkmczkrsb hbjckotb mk pubstk bo hkrg`k jb scstbhks jb fbstc÷o jb mk WWZ. Zkmbs scstbhks jbdbrèko sbr bspbgèecgis pkrk gkjk costkmkgc÷o y kjbgukrsb k su tkhkûi y k mk okturkmbzk jb mks kgtcvcjkjbs . Wu jcsbûi y kpmcgkgc÷o bo bm ocvbm okgciokm y bo bm ocvbm jb mks costkmkgciobs jbdbrèko jbdbrèko knustkrsb k mks Jcrbgtrcgbs rbmktcvks k mis scstbhks jb fbstc÷o jb mk sbfurcjkj y mk skmuj bo bm trkdkni

 

BW\KGCIW GIOECOKJIW KTZCGRMI 7. BW\KGCIW GIOECOKJIW sio kqubmmis qub>

k. Oi bstëo jcsbûkjis pkrk pkrk mk igupkgc÷o giotcouk jbm trkdknkjir. trkdknkjir.

 d. Zcbobo hbjcis hbjcis jb botrkjks y skmcjks rbstrcofcjks rbstrcofcjks (jchbosc÷o y/i eirhk) i mchctkjis mchctkjis (gkotcjkj).

g. Wio mi suecgcbotbhbotb suecgcbotbhbotb frkojbs frkojbs y gioecfurkji gioecfurkjis, s, gihi pkrk qub pbrhctko qub bm gubrpi gubrpi jb uo trkdknkjir pubjk botrkr.

GMKWCECGKGCIO JB BW\KGCIW GIOECOKJIW

ZC\I ;. Bspkgcis kdcbrtis kdcbrt is pir su pkrtb supbrcir y jb prieuojcjkj qub jcecgumtk mk vbotcmkgc÷o okturkm. Gihi zkonks gio hks jb ;,4 hbtris jb prieuojcjkj, mk gukm oi tcbob vbotcmkgc÷o kjbgukjk, pizis, jbp÷sctis kdcbrtis, btg.

 

TCBWFIW BMBGZTCGIW Mis kggcjbotbs ircfcokjis pir mk girrcbotb bmãgtrcgk pubjbo sbr bvctkjis sc sb kjiptko mks hbjcjks jb prbvbogc÷o y pritbggc÷o k mis trkdknkjirbs y mks costkmkgciobs Bstks hbjcks chpmcgko mk bmbggc÷o hcougcisk jb mis bmbhbotis bmbgtrihbgëocgis qub `kfko eckdmbs y sbfurks mks costkmkgciobs bmãgtrcgks jb kgubrji gio su tbosc÷o, tcpi y bhpmkzkhcboti.

Mks costkmkgciobs bmãgtrcgks bo mks bxpmitkgciobs hcobrks pubjbo ircfcoko rcbsfis tkmbs gihi>

• Bmbgtrigugc÷o> pir pksi jb mk girrcbotb k trkvãs jbm gubrpi `uhkoi.

• Cogbojci> pir sidrbgkrfk jb mis giojugtirbs i pir girtigcrgucti, pkrtcgumkrhbotb bo khdcbotbs sudtbrrëobis

• Bxpmisc÷o> bo gksi jb kth÷sebrks bxpmiscvks pir pimvis i fksbs.

 

@ITKTCIW JB ZTKDKNI Mks `irks jb trkdkni jbdbrèko irfkoczkrsb sbhkokm y hbosukmhbotb jb hiji qub sb fkrkotcgbo pbrcijis kjbgukjis jb jbsgkosi. Jb gioeirhcjkj gio mk mbfcsmkgc÷o okgciokm, gio mi kpridkji pir bm sbrvcgci jb cospbggc÷o jbm trkdkni i gio mi kgirjkji bo mis giovbocis gimbgtcvis, gimbgtcvis, sbfþo prigbjk, bstis  pbrèijis jb jbsgkosi jbsgkosi jbdbrèko gioscstcr bo >

k. Roks pkusks drbvbs jurkotb jurkotb mks `irks jb trkdkni, bspbgckmhbotb bspbgckmhbotb gukoji bm trkdkni sbk kfitkjir, kfitkjir, pbmcfrisi pbmcfrisi i hio÷tioi, gio bm eco jb jb qub mis trkdknkjirbs rbgupbrbo su gkpkgcjkj jb hkotbobr mk ktbogc÷o y su dubo bstkji eèscgi1 (pkusks suecgcbotbs pkrk mks gihcjks) (jbsgkosi jcuroi i oigturoi,(jbsgkosi oigturoi ,(jbsgkosi sbhkokm).

 d. Mk rbkmczkgc÷o jb jb nirokjks mkdirkmbs mkdirkmbs khpmckjks (hks jb ig`i ig`i `irks) simi simi jbdbrèk giotbhpmkrsb giotbhpmkrsb sc>

g. Mk okturkmbzk y bm bm vimuhbo jbm trkdkni trkdkni ksè mi pbrhctbo, pbrhctbo, y bm scstbhk jb turois turois bstk giogbdcji giogbdcji pkrk hcochczkr mk kguhumkgc÷o kguhumkgc÷o jb ektcfk. ektcfk. j. Gukmqucbr gkhdci bo mis mis `irkrcis jb trkdkni qub qub pubjk kebgtkr mk sbfurcjkj y mk skmuj bo bm trkdkni trkdkni jbdbrèk bstkr prbgbjcji jb jb giosumtks gio mis trkdknkjirbs y sus rbprbsbotkotbs.

 

Mks irfkoczkgciobs qub vbmko pir mk sbfurcjkj, skmuj b `cfcbob bo bm trkdkni sio, ICZ S MK IHW

-Wbfþo

mis bxpbrtis Gimihdck tcbob uok jb mks

oirhktcvcjkjbs hës kvkozkjks jbm huoji. -Bm 2