Trabajo de Investigacion Unidad 3

 

 

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Mhetg`hr Vÿbikmh Agtdrkg? Mhetgbkik`g` Gvgezg`g Prgbgoh `d Kevdstkngmkýe Pdag =? Rddxprdskhe `d Dstg`hs Ckegemkdrhs @hmdetd? I.M. Big`kakr ]çemldz Iýpdz Giuaeh? Odsÿs Ngrmág ]drrgeh

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E¶ `d Mhetrhi? V772663< Pigpg `d Mhahechrt Nrh. G 6; `d @kmkdabrd `di 2626

 

Áe`kmd Ketrh`ummkýe…………………………………………………… ……………………………. =.

Rddxprdskýe @d Dstg`hs

7

2

=.7

Ckegemkdrhs…………………………………………….. Ehrags @d Kechragmkýe Ckegemkdrg ]hbrd Rddxprdskýe @d Dstg`hs Ckegemkdrhs……………………………………………………… ……………………………

2

=.7.7

Dcdmths @d Ig Kecigmkýe De Ig Kechragmkýe Ckegemkdrg……………………

=

=.7.2

Aëth`hs @d Gmtugikzgmkýe……………………………………………………

0

=.7.=

………. Vrhmdsh @d Ig Rddxprdskýe……………………………………………………… ……

4

=.7.0

Vrdsdetgmkýe @d Dstg`hs Ckegemkdrhs Rddxprdsg`hs……………………..

3

=.2

Gpikmgmkýe Vrgmtkmg………………………………………………………… ……………..

>

Mhemiuskýe……………………………………………………… …………………………….

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Ketrh`ummkýe De dstd trgbgoh `d kevdstkngmkýe `ksmutkrdahs ig dxprdskýe `d ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs, qud mubrd ig tdrmdrg uek`g` `d tdags mhetgbi mhetgbids ds gvgezg` gvgezg`hs. hs. Ig kechra kechragmkýe gmkýe ckegemkdrg ckegemkdrg ds suckmkdetd y muapid mhe igs ehrags mhetgbids mhetgbids ndedrgiadetd gmdptg`gs. Ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs gmtugikzg`hs mhetkdede kechragmkýe shbrd didadeths muyh vgihr sd vd gcdmtg`h phr ig kecigmkýe y audstrge kechragmkýe kemhrrdmtg, ig mugi `dbd sdr gmtugikzg`g pgrg mhaprde`dr di vgihr rdgi `d dsths mhemdpths. Ig rddxprdskýe ehs gyu`g g hbsdrvg hbsdrvgrr gskdeths gskdeths `upikmg`hs, ds `dmkr, ig "mudetg tdaphrgi tdaphrgi"" `dbd ikquk`grsd ikquk`grsd gi ckegi `d th`h di prhmdsh `d gmtugikzgmkýe pgrg ph`dr prdpgrgr ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs bçskmhs. Ig kechragmkýe ckegemkdrg prdpgrg`g shbrd ig bgsd `di vgihr lkstýrkmh y prhphrmkheg`h g trgvës `d dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs prhphrmkheg g ihs thag`hrds `d `dmkskheds kechragmkýe vgikhsg, dspdmkgiadetd `urgetd pdráh`hs `d dstgbkik`g` dmheýakmg: ske dabgrnh, dabgrn h, muge`h ig kecigmkýe gpgrdmd h sd ketdeskck ketdeskckmg, mg, eh ds suckmkdetd pgrg rdvdigr mhapidtga mhapidtgadetd detd di dcdmth `d ig kecigmkýe de ihs ekvdids `d prdmkhs. Kapgmth. Vhr ih tgeth, sk igs mkcrgs `d ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs eh sd gmtugikzge `urgetd di pdráh`h `d kecigmkýe, ds `dmkr, sk di kapgmth `d ig kecigmkýe eh sd mheckrag de ig kechragmkýe ckegemkdrg, di geçiksks d ketdrprdtgmkýe `d ig kecigmkýe y igs `dmkskheds qud sd thade mhe bgsd de ig kecigmkýe. Eh ds suckmkdetd,  phr ih qud di suodth eh ph`rç gimgezgr ihs hbodtkvhs agrmg`hs. agrmg`h s.

7

 

=.7 Ehrags @d Kechragmkýe Ckegemkdrg ]hbrd Rddxprdskýe @d Dstg`hs D stg`hs Ckegemkdrhs. Ig rddxprdskýe sd lgmd ndedrgiadetd mhe ue aëth`h `d goustd phr mgabkhs de di ekvdi ndedrgi `d prdmkhs, ad`kgetd Ehrags `d Kechragmkýe Ckegemkdrg, prkemkpkhs mhetgbids d ke`kmg`hrds dmheýakmhs mhah di Áe`kmd `d Vrdmkhs gi Mhesuak`hr. Ig rddxprdskýe eh ds hbikngthrkg, ske dabgrnh ig gpikmgmkýe `d ig EKC B-76 sk ih ds y ehs ademkheg qud shih ginuegs mudetgs she vkgbids g g sdr ah`kckmg`hs, ds `dmkr, su gpikmgmkýe ds pgrmkgi. Ig Rddxprdskýe skrvd pgrg hbsdrvgr ig pgrtk`g `hbid, h sdg, ds ueg "Mudetg Prgeskthrkg" qud gi ckegikzgr th`h di prhmdsh `d ig gmtugikzgmkýe `dbdrç qud`gr sgi`g`g pgrg ph`dr digbhrgr ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs bçskmhs. Bdedckmkhs `d ig Rddxprdskýe Ckegemkdrg?  Ehs gyu`g g qud ig kechragmkýe qud detrdnge igs daprdsgs sdg mheckgbid. Vh`dahs mhaprgrig.  Ehs pdraktd rdgikzgr r dgikzgr prhydmmkheds ckegemkdrgs `di ednhmkh, dvgiugmkýe `d ihs rdsuitg`hs rds uitg`hs y vdr sk ig daprdsg ds rdetgbid h eh. 

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Aëth`hs gmdptg`hs pgrg ig Rddxprdskýe (EKC B-76) 7. Gou Goustd std phr mgab mgabkhs khs de di Ekvdi Nde Ndedrgi drgi `d Vrdmkhs Vrdmkhs?? Bgsg`h de dxprdsgr dxprdsgr de pdshs dqukvg dqukvgide idetds tds g ueg cdmlg cdmlg `dtdrakeg`g ihs hrknkegiadetd rdnkstrg`hs phr ad`kh `d cgmthrds `drkvg`hs `di KEVM. Igs mudetgs g Rddxprdsgr she? Kevdetgrkhs. Mhsth `d vdetgs. Gmtkvhs Ckohs. 2. Mhsths D Dspdmáck spdmáckmhs? mhs? Mhesk Mheskstd std de dxprd dxprdsgr sgr g vgihrds vgihrds `d rdphskmk rdphskmkýe ýe ihs hrknkegia hrknkegiadetd detd rdnkstrg`hs rdnkstrg`hs.. Mhe dstd aëth`h igs mudetgs g Rddxprdsgr she? Kevdetgrkhs. Mhsths `d vdetg. 

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Migskckmgmkýe `d igs pgrtk`gs (EKC B-76) 7. Vgrt Vgrtk`g k`gss ahe ahedtg dtgrkg rkgs? s? ]he gqudiigs gqudiigs qud dst dstçe çe dxprd dxprdsg`g sg`gss de `kedrh, `kedrh, phr ih qud dstgs dstgs `dtdra `dtdrakeg kegee di ph`dr  g`quksktkvh `d ig agedrg de dsd ahadeth, y mhechrad trgesmurrg ue pdráh`h pkdr`d vgihr. 2. Vgrtk` Vgrtk`gs gs eh ahedt ahedtgrkgs? grkgs? ]he gq gqudiih udiihss qud dstçe rdprd rdprdsdetge sdetge`h `h bkdeds qud ttkded kded ig hrngekzgmk hrngekzgmkýe, ýe, y phr ih tgeth tgeth su vgihr ahedtgrkh sd ah`kckmg muge`h dxkstd kecigmkýe.

Hbodtkvh Wud di pgrtkmkpgetd mhaprde`g de chrag iýnkmg mýah kemk`d ig kecigmkýe de ig kechragmkýe ckegemkdrg, mýah mgimuigr y rdnkstrgr sus dcdmths, y mýah ketdrprdtgr ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs rddxprdsg`hs. Di hbodtkvh `d dstg Ehrag `d Kechragmkýe Ckegemkdrg Ckegemkdrg (EKC) ds dstgbidmdr igs ehrags pgrtkmuigrds pgrg di rdmhehmkakdet rdmhehmkakdethh `d ihs dcdmths dcdmths `d ig kecigmkýe de ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs `d igs detk`g`ds. Gimgemd 2

 

Igs `ksphskmkheds `ksphskmkheds `d dstg Ehrag `d Kechrag Kechragmkýe mkýe Ckegemk Ckegemkdrg drg (EKC) she gpikmgbids gpikmgbids g th`gs igs detk`g`ds qud daktge dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs de ihs tërakehs dstgbidmk`hs phr ig EKC G-=, Edmdsk`g`ds `d ihs usugrkhs y hbodtkvhs `d ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs.

Gspdmths Ndedrgids Muge`h su dethreh dmheýakmh ds mgikckmg`h mhah dethreh kecigmkhegrkh, ig detk`g` `dbd rdmhehmdr ihs dcdmths `d ig kecigmkýe de sus dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs ad`kgetd ig gpikmgmkýe `di aëth`h ketdnrgi. Dstd rdmhehmkakdeth `d `dbd bd lgmdr lgmdrsd sd get getds ds `d gpik gpikmg mgrr mug mugiq iquk ukdr dr të tëme mekm kmgg `d vgiug vgiugmk mkýe: ýe: phr do doda dapi pih? h? vgihr vgihr rg rgzhe zhegb gbid id,, aëth aëth`h `h `d  pgrtkmkpgmkýe, dtmëtdrg. Ig dstrumturg ckegemkdrg `d ig detk`g` dstç mhechrag`g phr pgrtk`gs ahedtgrkgs y eh ahedtgrkgs. Mg`g ueg `d dstgs pgrtk`gs tkded ue mhaphrtgakdeth `kcdrdetd de rdigmkýe mhe ig kecigmkýe, ahtkvh phr di mugi, di aëth`h ketdnrgi mheskstd de `dtdrakegr? Vgrg pgrtk`gs ahedtgrkgs, ig gcdmtgmkýe g su ph`dr g`quksktkvh, ig mugi sd `dehakeg rdsuitg`h phr phskmkýe ahedtgrkg (RDVHAH)

Sdetgogs [ @dsvdetgogs? Sdetgogs? Rdspdtg th`hs ihs prkemkpkhs mhetgbids 

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Ds hbodtkvh y mhapgrgbid

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Ihs rdsuitg`hs pud`de ad`krsd y tkdede mkdrth vgihr 

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Vdraktd ig mhapgrgmkýe `d ig kechragmkýe ckegemkdrg

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]u mhsth ds aáekah y ds cçmki `d utkikzgr 

@dsvdetgogs? 

Di áe`kmd ds mhaÿe, eh pgrtkmuigr 

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Di áe`kmd `d prdmkhs ndedrgiadetd eh mhkemk`d mhe di `d ig pgrtk`g

=.7.7 Dcdmths @d Ig Kecigmkýe De Ig I g Kechragmkýe Ckegemkdrg Ihs dcdmths `d ig kecigmkýe de ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs sd `ge mhe ig për`k`g `di vgihr g`quksktkvh `d ig ahed`g gi sdr dstg di kestruadeth `d ad`k`g `d vgihr de ig mhetgbkik`g` y gi mgrdmdr ig ahed`g `d dstgbkik`g`, `dbk`h g ihs mhetkeuhs mgabkhs de ig kecigmkýe gcdmtg `krdmtgadetd g ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs. Ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs sd ikaktge g prhphrmkhegr ueg kechragmkýe hbtdek`g `di rdnkstrh `d igs hpdrgmkheds `d ig daprdsg bgoh oukmkhs pdrshegids y prkemkpkhs `d mhetgbkik`g`.

=

 

De di aue`h de qud vkvkahs, de di qud ihs vgihrds dstçe mhetkeugadetd suodths g ciumtugmkheds mhah mhesdmudemkg `d nudrrgs y cgmthrds phiátkmhs y shmkgids, rdsuitg mgsk kaphskbid prdtde`dr qud ig sktugmkýe ckegemkdrg mhkemk`g mhe ig sktugmkýe rdgi h dmheýakmg `d ig daprdsg. Igs `kcdrdemkgs `kcdrdemkgs qud dxkstd dxkstdee detrd igs mkcrgs qud prdsdetge ihs dstg`hs ckegemkd ckegemkdrhs rhs bgsg`hs de mhsths lkstýrkmhs lkstýrkmhs y di vgihr rdgi she hrknkeg`gs phr ih adehs phr ihs sknukdetds cgmthrds? Vër`k`g `di ph`dr g`quksktkvh `d ig ahed`g. Hcdrtg y `dage`g. 

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Viusvgiág. Dstkagmkýe `dcdmtuhsg `d ig vk`g prhbgbid `d ihs bkdeds (Gmtkvhs ckohs).

=.7.2 Aëth`hs @d Gmtugikzgmkýe Di Aëth`h @d Goustds Gi Mhsth Lkstýrkmh Vhr Mgabkhs De Di Ekvdi Ndedrgi Mhehmk`h tgabkëe mhah Aëth`h `d áe`kmds, qud mheskstd de mhrrdnkr ig uek`g` `d ad`k`g dapidg`g pgrg ig mhetgbkik`g` trg`kmkhegi, utkikzge`h ig ahed`g vgihrg`g de prdmkhs mhestgetds de iungr `d vgihrds ehakegids. Mhe dstd aëth`h igs mudetgs g rddxprdsgr she? 

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Kevdetgrkhs? [g qud de ëi sd dxprdsg ig mgetk`g` `d `kedrh qud tdedahs de diihs, phr ih mugi, ig kecigmkýe ah`kckmg `kmlg mgetk`g` Mhsth `d vdetgs? Gi lgbdr kecigmkýe, di ph`dr g`quksktkvh `ksakeuyd, phr dsh, ds edmdsgrkh ah`kckmgr, ig mgetk`g` rdgi qud sd ngstg. Gmtkvhs ckohs? Ds rdnig ndedrgi utkik Gmtkvhs utkikzgr zgr di aëth`h aëth`h `d goustd gi mhsth lkstýrkmh phr mgabkhs de di ekvdi ndedrgi `d prdmkhs.

Di Aëth`h @d Mhsths Dspdmáckmhs H Sgihrds @d Rdphskmkýe Wud sd gpikmg mugetkckmge`h vgihrds gmtugids `di adrmg`h gpikmgbids g kevdetgrkhs, gmtkvhs ckohs y htrhs  bkdeds tgenkbids, gsá mhah ihs mhsths y ngsths rdigmkheg`hs mhe `kmlhs rubrhs. Mheskstd de dxprdsgr g vgihrds `d rdphskmkýe ihs hrknkegiadetd rdnkstrg`hs. Igs mgusgs qud hrknkege `kcdrdemkgs detrg igs mkcrgs `d vgihr lkstýrkmh y sus mkcrgs g su vgihr `d rddapigzh she 

Ig kecigmkýe

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Ig hcdrtg y `dage`g

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Ig piusvgiág `d ihs bkdeds

Mhe dstd aëth`h igs mudetgs g rddxprdsgr she? Kevdetgrkhs? ]d rddxprdsg phrqud ig hrngekzgmkýe Kevdetgrkhs? hrngekzgmkýe kemurrk kemurrkrç rç de ue mhsth phr g`qukrkr g`qukrkr h prh`umkr ue grtámu grtámuih ih knugi gi qud ketdnrg su kevdetgrkh. 0

 

]d pud`d `dtdrakegr phr ihs sknukdetds ad`khs? 

Gpikmge`h di aëth`h `d prkadrgs detrg`gs y prkadrgs sgik`gs

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Sgiuge`h di kevdetgrkh gi prdmkh `d ig ÿitkag mhaprg rdgikzg`g

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Sgiuge`h di kevdetgrkh gi mhsth dstçe`gr 

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Dapidge`h áe`kmds dspdmáckmhs Ttkikzgr di mhsth `d rdphskmkýe muge`h sdge `kcdrdetds gi ÿitkah prdmkh `d mhaprg.

Aëth`h @d Ihs Áe`kmds Mheskstd de mhrrdnkr ig uek`g` `d ad`k`g dapidg`g phr ig mhetgbkik`g` trg`kmkhegi, utkikzge`h uek`g`ds ahedtgrkgs mhestgetds de iungr `d uek`g`ds ahedtgrkgs ehakegids. Bgoh dstd dechqud ihs mhsths lkstýrkmhs de ihs dstg dstg`h `hss ckeg ckegem emkd kdrhs rhs sd goust goustge ge phr di eÿ eÿad adrh rh `d uek uek`g `g`ds `ds ah ahed edtg tgrk rkgs gs mh mhrrk rrkde detd tdss qu qudd rdprds rdprdsdet detge ge ue vgihr  vgihr  dqukvgidetd `d ph`dr g`quksktkvh. Gsá th`hs ihs vgihrds sd dxprdsge de uek`g`ds mhrrkdetds `d knugi ph`dr  g`quksktkvh. Mhah sd usg ue áe`kmd ndedrgi `d prdmkhs pgrg dstgbidmdr ihs mhsths lkstýrkmhs, ig mhetgbkik`g` `d uek`g`ds ahedtgrkgs mhestgetds audstrg ihs dcdmths `d ihs mgabkhs de di ekvdi ndedrgi `d prdmkhs.

Aëth`h @d Gmtugikzgmkýe @d Mhsths Dspdmáckmhs, Iigag`h Pgabkëe Sgihrds @d Rdphskmkýe ]d cue`g de ig ad`kmkýe `d vgihrds qud sd ndedrge de di prdsdetd, de iungr `d vgihrds prhvhmg`hs phr  ketdrmgabkhs rdgikzg`hs de di pgsg`h. Dstd aëth`h `kckdrd `d ig mhetgbkik`g` `d uek`g`ds ahedtgrkgs mhestgetds de qud ihs gmtkvhs y ngsths sd audstrge de ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs gi mhsth mhrrkdetd pgrg rdapigzgr gqudiihs rdmurshs dspdmáckmhs. Di mhsth mhrrkdetd `d rdphskmkýe `d ue gmtkvh dspdmáckmh pud`d subkr h bgogr g ueg tgsg `kcdrdetd `di ekvdi ndedrgi `d prdmkhs. Gsá, ig mhetgb mhetgbkik` kik`g` g` `d mhsth mhrrkdet mhrrkdetdd audstrg audstrg ihs dcdmths dcdmths de ihs mgabkhs mgabkhs dspdmáckmhs `d  prdmkhs, de iungr `d ihs mgabkhs de di ekvdi ndedrgi `d prdmkhs.

=.7.= Vrhmdsh @d Ig Rddxprdskýe Ig rddxprdskýe `d ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs sd rknd bgoh di prkemkpkh `d ig kecigmkýe. Ig ahed`g, qud ds ue kest kestrua ruade deth th `d ad ad`k `k`g `g `d ig mh mhet etgb gbki kik` k`g` g`,, mg mgrdm rdmdd `d dst dstgb gbki kik` k`g` g`,, yg qu qudd su ph ph`d `drr g`quk g`quksk sktk tkvh vh mg mgab abkg kg mhestgetdadetd: phr tgeth, igs mkcrgs mhetdek`gs de ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs eh rdprdsdetge vgihrds gbshiuths y ig kechragmkýe qud prdsdetge eh ds ig dxgmtg `d su sktugmkýe ek `d su prh`umtkvk`g`. Igs `kcdrdemkgs qud dxkstde detrd igs mkcrgs qud prdsdetge ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs bgsg`hs de mhsths lkstýrkmhs y di vgihr rdgi she hrknkeg`gs phr ih adehs phr ihs sknukdetds cgmthrds? për`k`g `di ph`dr g`quksktkvh `d ig ahed`g, hcdrtg y `dage`g, piusvgiág y dstkagmkýe `dcdmtuhsg `d ig vk`g prhbgbid `d ihs bkdeds (Gmtkvhs ckohs). Ig për`k`g `di ph`dr g`quksktkvh `d ig ahed`g ds prhvhmg`g phr ig kecigmkýe, qud ds di guadeth shstdek`h y ndedrgikzg`h de di ekvdi `d prdmkhs.

4

 

Di rdnkstrh `d igs hpdrgmkheds sd lgmd de uek`g`ds ahedtgrkgs mhe di ph`dr g`quksktkvh qud tkded di ahadeth de qud sd g`qukdrde ihs bkdeds y sdrvkmkhs: ds `dmkr igs trgesgmmkheds sd rdnkstrge gi mhsth `d gmudr`h mhe  prkemkpkhs `d mhetgbkik`g`. Dsth tkded mhah mhesdmudemkg, de ueg dmhehaág kecigmkhegrkg, qud `kmlgs hpdrgmkheds mhe di trgesmursh `di tkdaph qud`de dxprdsg`gs g mhsths `d g÷hs getdrkhrds, gue muge`h su vgihr dqukvgidetd de uek`g`ds ahedtgrkgs gmtugids sdg supdrkhr, `d tgi sudrtd qud ihs dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs prdpgrg`hs mhe bgsd de di mhsth eh rdprdsde rdprdsdetge tge su vgih vgihrr gmtug gmtugi. i. Ig kechrag kechragmký mkýee qud sd prd prdsdet sdetgg de di dstg`h dstg`h `d sktugmký sktugmkýee ckegemkdr ckegemkdrgg sd vd `ksthrskheg`g cue`gadetgiadetd de igs kevdrskheds prdsdetg`gs phr bkdeds, qud cudrhe rdnkstrg`hs g su mhsth `d g`quks g`q ukskmk kmkýe ýe `d y rdigtkvg muy muyhh prdmkh lggemkg vgrkg vgrkg`h `h mheg ig di rhtgmkýe trg trgesmu esmursh tkdaph. tkda ph.qud Nde Ndedrgi drgiade adetd tdsdihs kevde kevdetgr tgrkhs khs audstrg auds trgee `kcdrd `kcdrdemkgs emkgs kaphrt kaphrtgemkg `dbk`h rhtgmk ýersh qud`di tkdede tkded e yg su vgiugmkýe demudetrg açs h adehs gmtugikzg`g. Igs kevdrskheds `d mgrçmtdr pdragedetd, mhah she tdrrdehs, d`kckmkhs, agqukegrkg y dqukph de ndedrgi, muyh prdmkh `d g`qukskmkýe lg qud`g`h dstçtkmh de di tkdaph, ndedrgiadetd audstrge `kcdrdemkgs kaphrtgetds de rdigmkýe mhe su vgihr gmtugi. Vhr htrg pgrtd, di mgpktgi `d igs daprdsgs pkdr`d su ph`dr `d mhaprg mhe di trgesmursh `di tkdaph `dbk`h g ig për`k`g pguigtkeg `di ph`dr g`quksktkvh `d ig ahed`g. @ds`d di pueth `d vkstg `d ig kechragmkýe `d ihs rdsuitg`hs `d hpdrgmkheds `d ig daprdsg, tdedahs `dckmkdemkgs hrknkeg`gs prkemkpgiadetd phr ig cgitg `d gmtugikzgmkýe `di vgihr `d ihs kevdetgrkhs y `d ig ketdrvdemkýe `d ueg `dprdmkgmkýe rdgi. =.7.0 Vrdsdetgmkýe @d Dstg`hs Ckegemkdrhs Rddxprdsg`hs

Geçiksks vdrtkmgi - Rddxprdskýe `d Dstg`hs Ckegemkdrhs 7. Geçiksks vdrtkmgi Di geçiksks vdrtkmgi mheskstd de `dtdrakegr ig pgrtkmkpgmkýe `d mg`g ueg `d igs mudetgs `di dstg`h ckegemkdrh, mhe rdcdrdemkg shbrd di thtgi `d gmtkvhs h thtgi `d pgskvhs y pgtrkahekh pgrg di bgigemd ndedrgi, h shbrd di thtgi `d vdetgs pgrg di dstg`h `d rdsuitg`hs, pdraktkde`h gi geçiksks ckegemkdrh igs sknukdetds gprdmkgmkheds hbodtkvgs? 

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Skskýe pgehrçakmg `d ig dstrumturg `di dstg`h ckegemkdrh, ig mugi pud`d mhapgrgrsd mhe ig sktugmkýe `di sdmthr  dmheýakmh `he`d sd `dsdevudivd h, g cgitg `d kechragmkýe, mhe ig `d ueg daprdsg mhehmk`g qud sdg di rdth `d supdrgmkýe. Audstrg ig rdidvgemkg `d mudetgs h nruph `d mudetgs `detrh `di dstg`h. ]k di gegikstg, idmthr h gsdshr mhehmd  bkde ig daprdsg, pud`d ahstrgr igs rdigmkheds `d kevdrskýe y ckegemkgakdeth detrd gmtkvhs y pgskvhs qud lge ndedrg`h igs `dmkskheds ckegemkdrgs. Mhetrhig ig dstrumturg, pudsth qud sd mhesk`drg qud ig gmtkvk`g` dmheýakmg `dbd tdedr ig aksag `keçakmg pgrg th`gs igs daprdsgs. Dvgiÿg ihs mgabkhs dstrumturgids, ihs mugids sd `dbde `gr phr mgabkhs sknekckmgtkvhs `d ig gmtkvk`g`, h mgabkhs phr igs `dmkskheds nubdregadetgids, tgids mhah kapudsths, shbrdtgsgs, gsá mhah vg g gmhetdmdr mhe ig  phiátkmg shmkgi `d prdmkhs, sgigrkhs y prh`umtkvk`g`. Dvgiÿg igs `dmkskheds `dmkskheds ndrdemkgids ndrdemkgids,, qud lge hpdrg`h dshs mgabk mgabkhs, hs, ihs mugids sd pud`ge mhaprhbgr açs tgr`d mhe di dstu`kh `d ihs dstg`hs `d mgabkhs. Vdraktde pigetdgr eudvgs phiátkmgs `d rgmkhegikzgmkýe `d mhsths, ngsths y prdmkhs y `d ckegemkgakdeth. Vdraktd sdidmmkhegr ig dstrumturg ýptkag, shbrd ig mugi dxkstg ig agyhr rdetgbkik`g` y qud skrvg mhah ad`kh `d mhetrhi, pgrg hbtdedr di açxkah `d rde`kakdeth.

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Di geçiksks `d phrmdetgods tgabkëe pud`d utkikzgrsd pgrg ahstrgr ig rdigmkýe `d mg`g ueh `d ihs mhaphedetds mhe di thtgi `detrh `d ue shih dstg`h. Dstd tkph `d geçiksks sd `dehakeg geçiksks vdrtkmgi. Mhah di geçiksks lhrkzhetgi, ihs dstg`hs pud`de chrauigrsd de pgrtk`gs sdpgrg`gs h ke`dpde`kdetds, pud`de prdsdetgrsd de chrag `dtgiig`g h mhe`desg`g. De dstd ÿitkah mgsh, ihs `dtgiids g`kmkhegids `d ihs mgabkhs de pgrtk`gs sdpgrg`gs h ke`dpde`kdetds pud`de prdsdetgrsd de më`uigs guxkikgrds. De dstgs më`uigs, di geçiksks `d phrmdetgods pud`d bgsgrsd yg sdg de di thtgi `d ig më`uig h de di thtgi `di dstg`h, sk bkde di geçiksks vdrtkmgi sd ikaktg g ue dstg`h ke`kvk`ugi, su kaphrtgemkg pud`d gapikgrsd gi prdpgrgr dstg`hs mhapgrgtkvhs. De di geçik geçiksks sks vdrtkmgi `di bgigemd ndedrgi, mg`g pgrtk`g `d gmtkvhs gmtkvhs sd prdsdetg prdsdetg mhah ue phrmdetgod `di thtgi `d gmtkvhs. Mg`g pgrtk`g `d pgskvhs y `d mgpktgi mhetgbid `d ihs gmmkhekstgs sd prdsdetg mhah ue phrmdetgod `di thtgi `d pgskvhs y `di mgpktgi mhetgbid `d ihs gmmkhekstgs. Di mug`rh audstrg ue bgigemd ndedrgi mhapgrgtkvh mhe`desg`h mhe geçiksks vdrtkmgi `d ueg mhapg÷ág ke`ustrkgi y mhadrmkgi.  

>

 

=.2 Gpikmgmkýe Vrçmtkmg IG AGNKEKCKMG, ]G @D MS BGIGEMD NDEDRGI GI =7/72/266> GMPKSH MKRMTIGEPD

MKCRG] ]KE

MKCRG]

@KCDRDEMK

RDD\VRD]KHE 24>.46

RDD\VRD]G@G] 24>.46

G] -

MIKDEPD]

232.46

232.46

-

KESDEPGRKH AV

726.66

726.37

6.37

KEPDEPGRKH VV

;6.66

;6.3<

6.3<

KESDEPGRKH VP

706.66

707.0;

7.0;

PDRRDEH

;6.66

72=.44

==.44

D@KCKMKH

=46.66

07;.7<

3;.7<

AGWTKEGRKG [ DWTKVH

446.66

30

;

DWTKVH @D PRGE]VHRPD

726.66

7=>.>6

7>.>6

@DVRDMKGMKHED] GMTATIG@G]

- =0>.66

- 070.6<

- 3>.6<

PHPGI GMPKSH]

7,3==.66

7,>.3

TPKIK@G@D] DODRMKMKH]

766.66

726..>2

- 24.2<

PHPGI MGVKPGI



=7.3>

AGEH @D HBRG

46.66

47.6<

7.6<

DCDMPH @D KESDEPGRKH] NIHBGI

3=6.66

3>;.

NKC @DVRDMKGMKHED]GAHRPK_GMKHED]

44.66

43.7;

7.7;

MH]PH @D SDEPG]



44.4>

TPKIK@G@ BRTPG

434.66

407.76

- 2=.;6

NG]PH] @D HVDRGMKÝE

 

NG]PH] @D HVDRGMKHE ]KE @DVRDMKGMKHED]

7>6.66

7>=.3;

=.3;

NG]PH] @D SDEPG ]KE @DVRDMKGMKHED] 706.66

70=.60

=.60

NG]PH] @D G@AKEK]PRGMKHE

 

-

-

HPRH] NG]PH]

 

-

-

HPRH] VRH@TMPH] ]TAG @D NG]PH] @D HVDRGMKÝE

 

-

-

=76.66

=73.>2

3.>2

;

 

@DVRDMKGMKHED] @D HVDRGMKÝE

 

@DVRDMKGMKHED] @DVPH SDEPG]

20.66

20.42

6.42

@DVRDMKGMKHED] @DVPH HVDRGPKSH

-

-

-

@DVRDMKGMKHED] @DVPH G@AKEK]PRGPKSH

7>.>2

- 24.2<

K]R

-

-

VPT

-

-

7>>.>2

- 24.2<

TPKIK@G@ GEPD] @D KAVTD]PH]

TPKIK@G@ EDPG @D]VTD] @D KAVTD]PH]

26=.66

26=.66

76

 

Mhemiuskýe Gi ckegi `d dstd trgbgoh `d kevdstkngmk kevdstkngmkýe, ýe, ehs `kahs mudetg `d qud ig rddxprdskýe `d dstg`hs ckegemkdrhs ds ueg prçmtkmg gapikgadetd utkikzg`g de ihs pgásds igtkehgadrkmgehs pgrg gmtugikzgr kechragmkýe mhetgbid kemhrrdmtg `dbk`h `db k`h g ig kec kecigm igmkýe kýe.. De mg`g dstg`h mhetgb mhetgbid, id, lgy ginuehs ginuehs didadeths didadeths ahedtg ahedtgrkh rkhss dxprdsg dxprdsg`hs `hs de uek`g` uek`g`ds ds ahedtgrkgs cáskmgs, phr ih qud de ue dethreh `d kecigmkýe, su vgihr `d mhaprg mgabkgrç, akdetrgs qud di vgihr `d htrhs didadeths eh ahedtgrkhs dstç açs h adehs de iáedg mhe ig kecigmkýe skakigr. Ig rdchrauigmkýe ketdetg g`gptgr  ihs dstg`hs g su vdr`g`drh vgihr de di prhmdsh `d thag `d `dmkskheds. Dstd ds di prhmdsh mhetgbid qud rdmhehmd ihs guadeths `d prdmkh de ig rdvgihrkzgmkýe `d gmtkvhs `d ig daprdsg. Ad`kgetd dstd prhmd`kakdeth sd gcdmtgrç `krdmtgadetd di bgigemd, de di mugi `dbdrç sdr gehtg`h pgrg gu`kthrág, phr ih qud ds edmdsgrkh utkikzgr di kemrdadeth yg rdnkstrg`h de di áe`kmd `d prdmkhs mhah rdcdrdemkg pgrg rdvgihrkzgmkýe.

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