Trabajo de Investigacion Estructurado Opcion de Grado Niif Pymes

 

XTJDJLG HC EM^CPXEBJ@EGM

EMXCBTJMXCP< JMJ BCTJIHEMC DJC\ DJC\ LGMJXKJM TJAETC\ NJMHEÚG

HG@CMXC< MJM@U KCT@EIEJ BS\AJM GTXE\ BTSVG< :6::0

 

GV@EÐM HC BTJHG EEE

JÚG< 4646

 

TCPSACM Ijs MEEN pjrj pyacs `gag su mgadrc ig emhe`j sgm ij jpie`j`eðm hc ijs mgrajs emtcrmj`egmjics pjrj ijs pcqucújs y achejmjs caprcsjs cstjs pcqucújs y achejmjs caprcsjs sgm  pcqucúgs aghcigs hc mcbg`egs igs `ujics `uj ics sgm ci aês jitg pgr`cmtjlc hc ijs umehjhcs hc mcbg`eg mcb g`eg hci pjás, cm`gmtrjags hencrcmtcs caprcsjs `gm cstj `jrj`tcráste`j cm ci pjás y sgdrc tghg cm ij `jpetji, ijs aês `gaumcs sgm ijs pcqucújs y achejmjs caprcsjs hc ajmunj`turj, cstjs grbjmezj`egmcs sgm um brjm pgr`cmtjlc hc ijs VUACP cm @gigadej, cstjs tecmcm umj `jrj`tcráste`j djstjmtc ajr`jhj quc cs ij trjmsngraj`eðm hc umj ajtcrej preaj pjrj vgivcrig um  prghu`tg tcraemjhg y mgs rcncreags j ij pjrtc p jrtc hc igs emvcmtjregs cstj pjrtc eapgrtjmtc hc cstjs y hc au`kjs caprcsjs quc em`iusg mg sgm hc prghu``eðm tecmc ij hcneme`eðm djlg mgraj emtcrmj`egmji hc j`ucrhg j ij sc``eðm :0 sc cmtecmhc quc sgm j`tevgs pjrj scr vcmhehg g cm  prg`csg pjrj vcmhcr g pjrj pjr j uteiezjr cm ci prg`csg hc vcmtj.

 

EMXTGHS@@EGM Ij icy :0:8 hci 4665 eme`eð ij `gmvcrbcm`ej hc igs cstêmhjrcs hc `gmtjdeiehjh y jscburjaecmtg hc ij emngraj`eðm hc jitj `jiehjh, rc`gmg`ehgs emtcrmj`egmjiacmtc hjmhg `gag  prgpðsetg rcbuijr igs prem`epegs y mgrajs hc h c ij `gmtjdeiehjh nemjm`ecrj y jscburjaecmtg hc emngraj`eðm j`cptjhjs cm @gigadej. Ci gdlctevg hc cstgs cstêmhjrcs cs cstjdic`cr um üme`g icmbujlc `gmtjdic bigdji, jpgyjr ijs j`tevehjhcs hc `gacr`eg emtcrmj`egmji, ij rjzðm pgr ij quc cstjs mgrajs sc cxpehcm cs pjrj j``chcr j ijs emvcrsegmcs cxtrjmlcrjs y j igs acr`jhgs emtcrmj`egmjics pjrj aclgrjr ijs rcij`egmcs `gacr`ejics, prghu`tevjs y hc emvcrseðm. Cm`gmtrjags 0 brupgs cm ijs MEEN hgmhc mgs cmng`jrcags cm ci Brupg 4 ijs MEEN pjrj pyacs.

Ci hc`rctg 0644 hci 46:0 rcbijacmtjhg pgr ij icy :0:8 hci 4665 quc trjtj sgdrc ci ajr`g mgrajtevg pjrj ij prcpjrj`eðm hc emngraj`eðm nemjm`ecrj quc `gmngraj ci brupg 4. Ijs MEEN pjrj pyacs sgm jpie`jhjs pjrj quecmcs pcrtcmc`cm ji brupg 4 ijs pcqucújs y achejmjs caprcsjs quc pcrtcmc`cm j cstc brupg ij rebcm 03 sc``egmcs, cstjs VUACP hc j`ucrhg j umjs `jrj`tcráste`js auy bcmcrjics mg tecmcm gdiebj`eðm pudie`j hc rcmher `ucmtjs, igs cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs quc sgm hc prgpðsetg hc emngraj`eðm bcmcrji pjrj igs usujregs cxtcrmgs, secmhg cstgs usujregs prgpectjregs hc gtrjs cmtehjhcs quc sgig rcquecrjm tcmcr emngraj`eðm j`cr`j hci acr`jhg hjhg quc su emngraj`eðm cstj prcscmtjhj cm um ngrajtg bcmcrji pjrj scr `gaprcmhehj hc ajmcrj emtcrmj`egmji, jibumjs hc cstjs 03 sc``egmcs sgm cstjhg hc niulg hc cnc`tevg, mgtjs j igs cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs pgiáte`js `gmtjdics csteaj`egmcs y crrgrcs, emstruacmtgs nemjm`ecrgs dêse`gs, emvcmtjregs, cm cstc jrte`uig kjdijrcags sgdrc ij Pc``eðm :0 Emvcmtjregs cm ij `uji sc cxpie`jrj ij ngraj y ci trjtjaecmtg trjtjaecmtg quc sc hcdc hjr j igs aesags, hjmhg `gag nemjiehjh quc ij caprcsj  puchj tcmcr um ducm ajmclg hc sus emvcmtjregs y tcmcr igs `gmg`eaecmtgs mc`csjregs pjr pjrjj su eapicacmtj`eðm.

 

@GMXCMEHG Vjrtjags hjmhg um csqucaj hc ijs MEEN, pghcags hc`er quc sgm mgrajs hc grebcm emtcrmj`egmji quc tecmcm ci gdlctevg hc cmajr`jr umj emngraj`eðm hc tepg `gmtjdic pjrj scr cm`jaemjhj cm umj  prcscmtj`eðm nemjm`ecrj, cstj prcscmtj`eðm prcsc mtj`eðm emhe`j umj ngraj hc `ijsene`jr umj emngraj`eðm `uapiecmhg `gm umgs cstêmhjrcs emtcrmj`egmjics pjrj quc cstj emngraj`eðm quc `ijsene`jags y  prcscmtjags cm su tgtjiehjh puchj scr `gapjrjhj `gapjr jhj hc ajmcrj mj`egmji c emtcrmj`egmjiacmtc. Pc  prcscmtjm umj screc hc sc``egmcs quc mgs hjm igs pjrêactrgs y buájs ppjrj jrj hcnemer mucstrj emngraj`eðm, `ijsene`jrij, jhjptjrij y prcscmtjrij hc j`ucrhg j ijs sc``egmcs quc sgm umj buáj emtcrmj`egmji, cstjs sc``egmcs kjdijm hc umjs `jrj`tcráste`js auy cspc`áne`js quc hcdc `uapier cstj emngraj`eðm nemjm`ecrj ij `uji tecmc `gag nemjiehjh quc scj sune`ecmtc `gaprcmsedic y nejdic,

 

 pjrj quc puchj scr cstuhejhj y jmjiezjhj pcraetecmhg ij tgaj hc hc`esegmcs y agstrjmhg ij cne`j`ej hc ij bcsteðm rcjiezjhj pgr ij jhaemestrj`eðm cxestcm umgs `gm`cptgs `gag ci rc`gmg`eaecmtg ci `uji sc hcnemc `gag< Em`grpgrjr cm igs cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs um cicacmtg (`ucmtj) quc puchc scr hci j`tevg, pjsevg, pjtreagmeg, embrcsg g bjstg, quc `uapij `gm he`kg `retcreg cs ig quc `gmg`cags cm mgraj ig`ji `gag rcbestrjr. Ci kc`kg c`gmðae`g cs `ujiquecr, j`tevehjh, gpcrj`eðm agveaecmtg quc rcjie`c ij caprcsj `gag umj vcmtj, `gaprj, pråstjag, `råhetg g um jdgmg.  J`uauij`eðm g hcvcmbg sgm igs kc`kgs c`gmðae`gs sc hcdc rc`gmg`cr g rcbestrjr `ujmhg cstgs sc rcjie`cm g su`chjm y mg `ujmhg sc rc`edj g sc kjbj ci pjbg cs ig quc `gmg`cags cm mgraj ig`ji `gag `jusj`eðm. Jkgrj vjags `gm igs cicacmtgs hc igs cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs hcmtrg hc igs `ujics tcmcags ci j`tevg ci `uji cs um rc`ursg `gmtrgijhg pgr ij cmtehjh `gag rcsuitjhg hc su`csgs pjsjhgs, hci quc ij cmtehjh cspcrj gdtcmcr, cm ci nuturg, dcmcne`egs c`gmðae`gs. Igs dcmcne`egs c`gmðae`gs nuturgs hc um j`tevg sgm su pgtcm`eji pjrj `gmtreduer herc`tj g emherc`tjacmtc, j igs niulgs hc cnc`tevg y hc cquevjicmtcs ji cnc`tevg hc ij cmtehjh. Csgs niulgs hc cnc`tevg puchcm prg`chcr hc ij uteiezj`eðm hci j`tevg g hc su hespgse`eðm. Ij MEEN pjrj pyacs sc djsj cm `gm`cptgs y prem`epegs bcmcrjics grecmtjhgrcs, cm iubjr hc cstjdic`cr rcbijs y `retcregs cspc`áne`gs pjrj ci trjtjaecmtg hc trjmsj``egmcs y kc`kgs c`gmðae`gs. Cstj actghgigbáj cxebc ci usg hci `retcreg g lue`eg prgncsegmji pgr pjrtc hc igs  prcpjrjhgrcs hc ij emngraj`eðm nemjm`ecrj, n emjm`ecrj, `gm ci nem hc hjr j igs kc`kgs c`gmðae`gs ci trjtjaecmtg quc pcraetj `uapier, cm ij ajygr achehj, `gm ci prgpðsetg hc ij emngraj`eðm nemjm`ecrj.

 

Ij emngraj`eðm nemjm`ecrj prcscmtjhj djlg MEEN pjrj pyacs mg tecmc `gag gdlctevg agstrjr ci vjigr hc ij cmtehjh (pgr clcapig `gag djsc pjrj ij vcmtj hc ij cmtehjh), hjhg quc igs usujregs hc ij emngraj`eðm hcdcrêm tcmcr cm `ucmtj gtrgs nj`tgrcs mg em`iuehgs cm igs emngracs nemjm`ecrgs, tjics `gag emngraj`eðm sgdrc ci acr`jhg, cxpc`tjtevjs c`gmðae`js, rcmtjdeiehjh cspcrjhj hc igs emvcrsegmestjs, cmtrc gtrgs jsumtgs. Cm iubjr hc ciig, ij emngraj`eðm nemjm`ecrj sc `gmvecrtc cm umg hc igs nj`tgrcs quc sc kj hc tcmcr cm `ucmtj pjrj hctcraemjr ci vjigr hc ij cmtehjh, cm `gademj`eðm `gm igs gtrgs nj`tgrcs acm`egmjhgs. Igs usujregs hc igs cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs sgm, prem`epjiacmtc, igs emvcrsegmestjs, prgvcchgrcs y j`rcchgrcs, cm ij achehj cm quc mg cstêm cm pgse`eðm hc sgie`etjr emngraj`eðm nemjm`ecrj j su achehj. Xjadeåm sgm usujregs hc ij emngraj`eðm nemjm`ecrj igs capicjhgs, ci bgdecrmg, igs `iecmtcs, igs emvcrsegmestjs pgtcm`ejics, y tghgs igs hcaês pjrte`epjmtcs hci acr`jhg, quecmcs  puchcm tcmcr um emtcrås cm ij cmtehjh rcpgrtjmtc. Hcdehg j cstg, igs cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs cstêm hescújhgs pjrj sjtesnj`cr ijs mc`csehjhcs hc emngraj`eðm hc um japieg müacrg hc usujregs, j trjvås hci rcpgrtc hc emngraj`eðm rcicvjmtc y nejdic. PCBACMXGP HC GVCTJ@EÐM Pgm scbacmtgs hc gpcrj`eðm sgm j igs quc sc rcnecrc ci pêrrjng 0.43 hc ij sc``eðm 0 prcscmtj`eðm hc cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs hc ij MEEN pjrj ijs Vyacs quc cstêm djlg ci ji`jm`c hc ij MEEN ; scbüm ij `uji igs scbacmtgs hc gpcrj`eðm sgm ngrajs cm ijs quc umj cmtehjh g j`tevehjh sc puchc sud heveher cm `gapgmcmtcs, hjhg quc cstc tepg hc `gm`cptgs cstêm pgr nucrj hc ij ji`jm`c hc ij MEEN  pjrj ijs Vyacs, ijs cmtehjhcs quc jpiequcm åstc ås tc cstêmhjr y rcquecrjm prcscmtjr nemjm`ecrj pgr scbacmtgs hc gpcrj`eðm, hc j`ucrhg j ijs MEEN hcdcrêm kj`crig cstjdic`ecmhg umj pgiáte`j `gmtjdic prgpej pjrj ig `uji sc rc`gaecmhj djsjrsc cm ij mgrajtevehjh picmj.

 

Ij ngraj hc `ijsene`jr g ehcmtene`jr um scbacmtg hc gpcrj`eðm sc aucstrj cm ci pêrrjng 3 hc ij  MEEN ;, scbüm ij `uji ’um scbacmtg hc gpcrj`eðm gpcr j`eðm cs um `gapgmcmtc hc umj cmtehjh‑. ◇

Zuc hcsjrrgiij j`tevehjhcs hc mcbg`eg hc ijs quc puchc gdtcmcr embrcsgs hc ijs j`tevehjhcs grhemjrejs c em`urrer cm bjstgs (em`iuehgs igs embrcsgs hc ijs j`tevehjhcs grhemjrejs y igs bjstgs pgr trjmsj``egmcs `gm gtrgs `gapgmcmtcs hc ij aesaj cmtehjh),

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@uygs rcsuitjhgs hc gpcrj`eðm sgm rcvesjhgs hc ngraj rcbuijr pgr ij aêxeaj jutgrehjh cm ij tgaj hc hc`esegmcs hc gpcrj`eðm hc ij cmtehjh, pjrj hc`eher sgdrc igs rc`ursgs quc hcdcm jsebmjrsc ji scbacmtg y cvjiujr su rcmheaecmtg? y

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Pgdrc ci `uji sc hespgmc hc emngraj`eðm nemjm`ecrj hencrcm`ejhj.‑

Vghcags tgajr clcapigs hc scbacmtgs hc gpcrj`eðm hc j`ucrhg `retcregs uteiezjhgs pjrj kj`cr scbacmtj`eðm pgr pjrtc hc ij caprcsj hcpcmhecmhg hc ig quc sc dusquc `gm ij emngraj`eðm rcsuitjmtc `gag screj< -

Pu`ursjics hc ij cmtehjh.

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@cmtrgs hc `gstgs g j`tevehjhcs.

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@cmtrgs hc uteiehjh

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Vrgyc`tgs clc`utjhgs

Pe decm cs `ijrg quc sc hcdcm caeter cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs cstgs hcdcm tcmcr umjs `jrj`tcráste`js y umg hc ciigs cs ci gdlctevg hc cstgs cstjhgs hc setuj`eðm nemjm`ecrj ci gdlctevg hc igs cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs hc umj pcqucúj g achejmj cmtehjh cs prgpgr`egmjr emngraj`eðm sgdrc ij setuj`eðm nemjm`ecrj, ci rcmheaecmtg y igs niulgs hc cnc`tevg hc ij cmtehjh quc scj ütei pjrj ij tgaj hc hc`esegmcs c`gmðae`js hc umj japiej bjaj hc usujregs hc igs cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs quc mg cstêm

 

cm `gmhe`egmcs hc cxeber emngracs j ij achehj hc sus mc`csehjhcs cspc`áne`js hc emngraj`eðm cs hc`er cstj emngraj`eðm mg sc hcdc jhjptjr j ig quc rcquecrjm gtrgs usujregs hc ij emngraj`eðm hjhg quc cstjags `uapiecmhg umgs cstêmhjrcs pjrj ij prcscmtj`eðm hc cstj emngraj`eðm nemjm`ecrj. Cstj emngraj`eðm hcdc tcmcr umjs `jrj`tcráste`js `ujietjtevjs `gag ij `gaprcmsedeiehjh, ij emngraj`eðm quc sc prcscmtc cm igs cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs hc aghg quc igs usujregs hc ij emngraj`eðm quc tecmcm um `gmg`eaecmtg rjzgmjdic hc ijs j`tevehjhcs c`gmðae`js y caprcsjrejics hc ij `gmtjdeiehjh ij puchjm `gaprcmhcr se prgdicaj pcrg se kjy emngraj`eðm quc rcspjihj ij prcscmtj`eðm hc cstj y cs hc hená`ei `gaprcmseðm mg hcdcags gaeterij pgr ci kc`kg quc cs hc `gaprcmseðm pjrj igs usujregs. Ij rcicvjm`ej cs gtrj `jrj`tcráste`j `ujietjtevj rcncrcmtc j quc ij emngraj`eðm prcscmtjhj hcdc scr rcicvjmtc cstj emngraj`eðm tecmc cstj `jiehjh `ujmhg sc puchcm tgajr hc`esegmcs j igs usujregs y hc quecmcs ij uteiezjm djsjhgs cm cstj emngraj`eðm, jyuhêmhgics j cvjiujr su`csgs pjsjhgs,  prcscmtcs y nuturgs, em`iusg j `gmnerajr `gm nerajr g `grrcber cvjiuj`egmcs rcjiezjhjs `gm jmtcregrehjh. Ij emngraj`eðm tjadeåm hcdc scr ajtcreji se su gaeseðm g prcscmtj`eðm crrðmcj puchc emniuer cm ijs hc`esegmcs c`gmðae`js quc igs usujregs tgacm. Ij ajtcrejiehjh (g eapgrtjm`ej rcijtevj) hcpcmhc hc ij ajbmetuh y ij mjturjiczj hc ij gaeseðm g emcxj`tetuh, luzbjhj cm num`eðm hc ijs `er`umstjm`ejs pjrte`uijrcs cm quc sc kjyjm prghu`ehg. Pem cadjrbg, mg cs jhc`ujhg `gactcr, g hcljr sem `grrcber, hcsvej`egmcs mg sebmene`jtevjs hc ij MEEN pjrj ijs VUACP, `gm ci nem hc `gmscbuer umj prcscmtj`eðm pjrte`uijr hc ij setuj`eðm nemjm`ecrj, hci rcmheaecmtg nemjm`ecrg g hc igs niulgs hc cnc`tevg hc umj cmtehjh.

 

Ij emngraj`eðm prgpgr`egmjhj cm igs cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs hcdc scr nejdic. Ij emngraj`eðm cs nejdic `ujmhg cstê iedrc hc crrgr sebmene`jtevg y scsbg, y rcprcscmtj neciacmtc ig quc prctcmhc rcprcscmtjr g puchc cspcrjrsc rjzgmjdicacmtc quc rcprcscmtc. Igs cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs mg cstêm iedrcs hc scsbg (cs hc`er, mg sgm mcutrjics) se, hcdehg j ij scic``eðm g prcscmtj`eðm hc ij emngraj`eðm, prctcmhcm emniuer cm ij tgaj hc umj hc`eseðm g cm ij ngraj`eðm hc um lue`eg, pjrj `gmscbuer um rcsuitjhg g hcscmij`c prchctcraemjhg. Ij emngraj`eðm tjadeåm hcdc scr ajtcreji se su gaeseðm g prcscmtj`eðm crrðmcj puchc emniuer cm ijs hc`esegmcs c`gmðae`js quc igs usujregs tgacm. Ij ajtcrejiehjh (g eapgrtjm`ej rcijtevj) hcpcmhc hc ij ajbmetuh y ij mjturjiczj hc ij gaeseðm g emcxj`tetuh, luzbjhj cm num`eðm hc ijs `er`umstjm`ejs pjrte`uijrcs cm quc sc kjyjm prghu`ehg. Pem cadjrbg, mg cs jhc`ujhg `gactcr, g hcljr sem `grrcber, hcsvej`egmcs mg sebmene`jtevjs hc ij MEEN pjrj ijs VUACP, `gm ci nem hc `gmscbuer umj prcscmtj`eðm pjrte`uijr hc ij setuj`eðm nemjm`ecrj, hci rcmheaecmtg nemjm`ecrg g hc igs niulgs hc cnc`tevg hc umj cmtehjh. Ij emngraj`eðm prgpgr`egmjhj cm igs cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs hcdc scr nejdic. Ij emngraj`eðm cs nejdic `ujmhg cstê iedrc hc crrgr sebmene`jtevg y scsbg, y rcprcscmtj neciacmtc ig quc prctcmhc rcprcscmtjr g puchc cspcrjrsc rjzgmjdicacmtc quc rcprcscmtc. Igs cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs mg cstêm iedrcs hc scsbg (cs hc`er, mg sgm mcutrjics) se, hcdehg j ij scic``eðm g prcscmtj`eðm hc ij emngraj`eðm, prctcmhcm emniuer cm ij tgaj hc umj hc`eseðm g cm ij ngraj`eðm hc um lue`eg, pjrj `gmscbuer um rcsuitjhg g hcscmij`c prchctcraemjhg. Jkgrj vjags j tgajr ci gdlctg hc mucstrg cstuheg quc sgm igs emvcmtjregs igs `ujics hc j`ucrhg j ij sc``eðm :0 sgm `gmsehcrjhgs j`tevgs ajmtcmehgs pjrj ij vcmtj cm ci `ursg mgraji hc gpcrj`egmcs, tjadeåm jquciigs quc sc cm`ucmtrjm cm prg`csg hc prghu``eðm `gm aerjs j scr

 

vcmhehgs g igs quc sc cm`ucmtrjm cm ngraj hc ajtcrejics pjrj scr `gmsuaehgs cm ci prg`csg hc  prghu``eðm g cm ij prcstj`eðm hc scrve`egs. scrv e`egs. Pc tecmcm umjs cx`cp`egmcs quc sgm ijs gdrjs cm prgbrcsg, quc surbcm hc `gmtrjtgs hc `gmstru``eðm em`iuycmhg igs `gmtrjtgs hc scrve`egs herc`tjacmtc rcij`egmjhgs, emstruacmtgs nemjm`ecrgs y j`tevgs degiðbe`gs rcij`egmjhgs `gm prghu`tgs jbrá`gijs quc sc cm`ucmtrjm cm `gsc`kj g rc`gic``eðm. Cstj sc``eðm tecmc ci ji`jm`c quc prctcmhcags jdgrhjr yj quc ijs quc sc `ijsene`jm pjrj cstj sc``eðm :0 sgm igs prghu`tgrcs jbrá`gijs y ngrcstjics hcspuås hc ij `gsc`kj y ij rc`gic``eðm hc  prghu`tgs aemcrjics secaprc y `ujmhg sc s c aehjm pgr su vjigr rjzgmjdic acmgs ci `gstg hc vcmtj y hc emtcrachejregs quc `gacr`ecm `gm ajtcrejs preajs `gtezjhjs, quc aehjm su emvcmtjreg j vjigr rjzgmjdic acmgs `gstg hc vcmtjs.

@GM@ISPEGMCP Dêse`jacmtc ijs MEEN pjrj pyacs cstêm trjzjhjs pjrj scr capicjhjs cm igs cstjhgs nemjm`ecrgs `gm ci nem hc hjr j `gmg`cr ij emngraj`eðm bcmcrji nemjm`ecrj pjrj ijs gtrjs pjrtcs emtcrcsjhjs `gmgz`jm ij setuj`eðm rcji hc ijs caprcsjs y puchjm tgajr ijs aclgrcs hc`esegmcs. @gm ciig sc cspcrj tcmcr trjmspjrcm`ej `gmtjdic, pjrj nj`eietjr j ijs hcaês cmtehjhcs umj ducmj vebeijm`ej y `gmtrgi cm ijs cmtehjhcs. Ijs MEEN pjrj Vyacs sc pgstuijm `gag um prg`csg quc hcdcrê `gmtemujr su aclgrj pjrj ji`jmzjr ij cne`ecm`ej y cne`j`ej rcqucrehjs. Uj sc kj vevehg hcshc ij preacrj che`eðm hc ijs MEEN pjrj Vyacs brj`ejs j ij cvjiuj`eðm prgbrjajhj, ig quc kj igbrjhg hjr vesedeiehjh j igs jspc`tgs dcmcne`egsgs y pcrluhe`ejics hc ijs mgrajs hcshc umj  pcrspc`tevj prj`te`j y jpie`jhj.