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PKAZ@UYAOMO _@IKDHÙLAIM O@H ^@UÒ

_rmembd qu` idgd pmrt` o`h iursd o` Oar`iiaùk o` Idg`riad Akt`rkmiadkmh pr`s`ktm hds mhugkds- Lrupd 52

LMHHMUOMQ _DYD BDCMKKM ’ P=19=?::0 C@UU@UM YMMZ@OUM, GAHMLUDY - P5>5=>110 ^MU@BM @Y^AKDRM I@YMU ’ P=5=

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ÇKOAI@

AK_UDOPIIAÙK AK_UDO PIIAÙK.......... ................... ................... .................... ................... ................... .................... ................... ................... .................... ........................................... ................................. ? CAY_DUAM................................................................................................................................................0 GAYAÙK DULMKARMIADKMH.....................................................................................................................: ZAYAÙK DULMKARMIADKMH......................................................................................................................: PKAOMO@Y O@ K@LDIAD.........................................................................................................................: ^UD^P@Y_M O@ ZMHDU................................. ZMHDU................. ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... ............................ .................. ........... ...... < DEB@_AZDY @Y_UM_@LAIDY L@K@U@MH@Y Q @Y^@IAJAIDY.......................................................................< LUP^DY O@ AK_@U@Y....... AK_@U@Y................. ................... ................... .................... ................... ................... .................... ................... ................... ....................................... ............................. 3 AO@K_AJAIMIAÙK O@ LUP^DY O@ AK_@UÁY Q O@ _@GMY GM_@UAMH@Y..........................................................................3 U@HMIADKMGA@K_D IDK LUP^DY O@ AK_@UÁY.....................................................................................................3 GM_@UAMHAOMO..............................................................................................................................................3 MKMHÇYAY MKMHÇY AY JDOM IUPRMOD........ IUPRMOD.................. ................... ................... .................... ................... ................... .................... ................... ..................................... ............................ => @Y_UM_@LAMY

L@K@UAIMY..................................................................................................................==

OAJ@U@KIAMIAÙK O@ ^UDOPI_D......................................................................................................................== Y@LG@K_MIAÙK O@ G@UIMOD.......................................................................................................................== IM^MIAOMO OAY_AK_AZM.................................................................................................................................== @Y_UM_@LAMY O@ OAJ@U@KIAMIAÙK....................................................................................................== AKKDZMIAÙK2..............................................................................................................................................== IMHAOMO2....................................................................................................................................................== YM_AYJMIIAÙK O@H IHA@K_@2...........................................................................................................................== @Y_UM_@LAMY O@ Y@LG@K_MIAÙK.....................................................................................................=5 ZMUAMEH@ L@DLUÍJAIM2................................................................................................................................=5 ZMUAMEH@ O@GDLUÍJAIM2.............................................................................................................................=5 ZMUAMEH@ ^YAIDLUÍJAIM2..............................................................................................................................=5 ZMUAMEH@ IDKOPI_PMH2...............................................................................................................................=5 IDKIHPYADK@Y....................................................................................................................................=9 EAEHADLUMJAM.. EAEHADLU MJAM............ ................... ................... .................... ................... ................... .................... ................... ................... .................... ................... ................................ ....................... =9

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AK_UDOPIIAÙK

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^`rò, pmçs `xpdrtmod ^`rò, `xpdrtmodrr o` gmt` gmt`rams rams pragms, pragms, jrutmh`s, jrutmh`s, prdouitds prdouitds gmrakds. gmrakds. @s agpdrtmkt` mkmhazmr hds pdri`ktmb`s mhimkzmods o` `xpdrtmiadk`s. `xpdrtmiadk`s.

@s pdr `hhd qu` IMG^DYDH, hdlrm aklr`smr mh g`rimod, iuhtavmkod cdrtmhazms6 hdlrmkod ukm r`ktmeahaomo pdsatavm. Mitumhg`kt` `stí medimod `k `xpdrtmiaùk o` jrutds, hdlrmkod s`r =`r prdouitdr o` mríkomkds `k `h gukod.

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O`eaod m hds `stuoads o` g`rimod r`mhazmods pdr hm `gpr`sm, hdlrm aklr`smr m vmrads pmçs`s o`h gukod idk uk prdouitd o` imhaomo. ^mrm `std tuva`rdk qu` akv`rtar `k vmrams ír`ms o` hm `gpr`sm, iuyd r`suhtmod sdk pdsatavds m hm j`icm.

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@h idgprdga idgprdgasd sd mhim mhimkzmo kzmod d `gpr`sm`gpr`sm-trme trmembmo mbmodr`s, dr`s, `s guy agpdrtmkt agpdrtmkt`, `, pmrm hdlrmr mhimkzmr hds deb`tavds qu` ta`k`k idgd `gpr`sm.

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Hm idkstmkt` pr`diupmiaùk `k erakomr prdouitds o` imhaomo, cm p`rgataod `stmr  val`k val `kt`s t`s `k `h g`rim g`rimod od akt`r akt`rkm kmiad iadkm kmh, h, hdlrmk hdlrmkod od aklr` aklr`sm smrr m g`rim g`rimods ods o` emstmkt` o`gmkom. @stmr m hm vmklumroam o` hm pr`j`r`kiam o`h idksugaodr  jakmh6 iuaomr emstmkt` áh kd oasgakuar `h memst`iaga`ktd o` prdouitds m r`tmah, salua`kod salua`ko d hds `stíkomr`s o` imhaomo qu` `xal` uk pmçs.

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IMG^D IM G^DYDH YDH ju` hm pra prag`r g`rm m `gpr`s `gpr`sm m mlrdak mlrdakous oustra tramh mh p` p`rum rumkm km `k pu pueha ehaimr  imr  mk mkumh umhg`k g`kt` t` Akjdr Akjdrg`s g`s o` Ydst`k Ydst`kaea aeahao haomo mo mha mhak`m k`mod ods s mh LUA LUA y cm hdlrmo hdlrmod d hms salua`kt salu a`kt`s `s i`rt i`rtajaim ajaimiadk iadk`s `s akt` akt`rkmia rkmiadkm dkmh`s2 h`s2 EYIA, EYIA, Lhdemh Lhdemh Lmp, AJY, CMII^ CMII^ y EUI, `ktr` dtrms.

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CAY_DUAM Imgpd gpdsd sdhh ju` jukomom jukomom `k =11 =11>=3, pr`vad m hm `hmedrmiaùk `hmedrmiaùk o`h pr`s`kt` U`pdrt` o` Ydst`kaeahaomo, emsíkodkds `k hm g`tdodhdlçm o` Gatic`hh, Mlh` & \ddos, gís idkdiaom idgd ¨pdo`r-h`latagaomo-url`kiam¨6 y hm kdrgm MM=>>>, s` r`mhazù uk mkíhasas mkíh asas tmktd iumhatmta iumhatmtavd vd idgd iumktatmtav iumktatmtavd d idk `h jak o` ao`ktajai ao`ktajaimr, mr, ihmsajaim ihmsajaimrr y pradrazmr hds lrupds o` akt`rás o` Imgpdsdh msç idgd ao`ktajaimr sus prakiapmh`s k`i`saom k`i` saomo`s o`s y `xp`itmta `xp`itmtavms. vms. ^mrm iugphar `stds `stds deb`tavd deb`tavds, s, s` r`mhazmr r`mhazmrdk dk sa`t` r`ukadk`s o` tapd jdius lrdup y oa`z `ktr`vastms p`rsdkmh`s `k oaj`r`kt`s djaiakms y ph phmk mktm tms s o` Imgp Imgpds dsdh dh tmkt tmktd d `k Hagm Hagm idgd idgd `k _rub _rubah ahhd hd y ^a ^aur urm m mo`g mo`gís ís o` muoa muoadi didk dkj` j`r` r`ki kiam ams s

id idk k

Idhd Idhdge geam am

y

Pr Prul ulum umy. y.

Hds Hds

pmrt pmrtai aiap apmk mkt` t`s s

ju ju`r `rdk dk

r`pr`s`ktmkt`s o` hm `gpr`sm y drlmkazmiadk`s o` ems` hdimh`s o` hms dp`rmiadk`s o` Imgpdsdh. Hds irat`rads utahazmods pmrm su ao`ktajaimiaùk ao`ktajaimiaùk ju`rdk hds agpmitds qu` hm `gpr`sm pdorçm t`k`r `k `hhds, y vai`v`rsm, s`mk `stds pdsatavds y/d k`lmtavds.  Mo`gís, s` vmhdrù `h tapd o` r`hmiaùk idk imom ukd o` hds gasgds, y hm akjhu`kiam qu` `stds pdorçmk t`k`r `k hm idktakuaomo idktakuaomo o` ku`strd k`ldiad. Y` ao`ktajaimrdk ao`ktajaimrdk oa`z lrmko`s lrupds o` akt`rás ihmsajaiíkodhds cmstm `k 9 sueimt`ldrçms idk hm jakmhaomo o` uk gmyd gmydrr `kjd `kjdqu qu` ` y r` r`hm hmia iadk dkmg mga` a`kt ktd d id idk k hds hds gasg gasgds ds.. Hds Hds t` t`gm gms s y pr pr`d `diu iupm pmia iadk dk`s `s ihmv ihmv` ` s` gu`s gu`str trmk mk `k hm gmtr gmtraz az o` gmt` gmt`ra ramh mhao aomo mo,, y sd sdk k o`smrr o`s mrrdh dhhm hmods ods m hd hmr hmrld ld o`h pr pr`s` `s`kt` kt` odiug` odiug`ktd ktd.. Msagas Msagasgd, gd, `s agpdrt agpdrtmk mkt` t` o`stmimr, qu`, `k `h imsd o` Imgpdsdh, mhlukds lrupds o` akt`rás idakiao`k ym qu` `xast`k trmembmodr`s qu` tmgeaák sdk pmrt` o` hm idgukaomo y qu` `k mhlòk gdg`ktd pdorçmk s`r d cme`r saod prdv``odr`s, pdr hd qu` hds agpmitds pdorçms s`r hds gasgds.

U`hmiadkmga`kd idk Lrupds o` Ak`rás @k Imgpdsdh Imgpdsdh iuhtavmgds iuhtavmgds r`hmiadk`s r`hmiadk`s o` idkjamkzm idkjamkzm idk tdods tdods ku`strds ku`strds mhamods mhamods d lrupds o` akt`rás, mpr`koa`kod tdod hd k`i`smrad mi`rim o` su iuhturm, mitavaomo`s y r`h r`hmia miadk dk`s, `s, idk hm jak jakmh mhaom aomo o o` hdlrmr hdlrmr hm sdst`k sdst`kaea aeahao haomo mo o` ku ku`st `strd rd k` k`ldi ldiad ad y mpdrtmr m hm sdia`omo `k l`k`rmh idk `h trmembd qu` r`mhazmgds. M idktakumiaùk, s` gu`strm hds => lrmko`s lrupds o` akt`rás ao`ktajaimods.

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Gm`ramhaomo @k iumktd m hm o`t`rgakmiaùk o` t`gms gmt`ramh`s s` r`ja`r`, hu`ld o`h mkíhasas hh`vmod m imed, hds r`suhtmods s` gu`strmk `k hm salua`kt` gmtraz o` gmt`ramhaomo.

_`gms gmt`ramh`s2 =. im imge gead ad iha ihagí gíta taid id 5. Mlum Mlum y v` v`rt rtao aods ds 9. Y`lura Y`luraomo omo y smhuo smhuo `k `h `h trmem trmembd bd ?. @k`rlç @k`rlçm m y `gas `gasadk adk`s `s (aki. (aki. _rmspd _rmspdrt` rt`)) 0. Akv`rs Akv`rsaùk aùk ` agpm agpmitd itds s `k zdkm zdkms s o` akjhu`kiams akjhu`kiam s (aki. ^rdv``odr`s ^rdv``odr`s hdimh`s y pmrtaiapmiaùk o` idgukaomo`s `k prdlrmgms o` o`smrrdhhd) :. U`saouds . Iugphaga`ktd Iugphaga`ktd o` h`y`s ==. Mktaidrru Mktaidrrupiaù piaùk k =5. _rmzmeahaomo _rmzmeahaomo o` prdouitds (Gmrf`takl (Gmrf`takl ` akjdrgmiaùk) =9. Gmk`bd Gmk`bd o` phmlms phmlms =? =?.. OOCC OOCC =0. Eadoav`r Eadoav`rsaom saomo o

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MKMHÇYAY JDOM IUPRMOD

Jdrtmh`zms 

Gmtraz Jdom

Imgpdsdh

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^rdouitd mhtm o`gmkom idk akt`rkmiadkmh.

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Akkdvmiaùk o` ku`vms gmquakmrams gmquakmra ms mlrçidhms pmrm hm g`bdr prdouiiaùk

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`kj`rg`omo`s o`sidkdiaoms. 

Akoustram mhtmg`kt` idgp`tatavm

1

Hm v`kt v`ktm m `s idks idkstm tmkt kt` ` `k tdoms tdo ms hms hms `stmia `stmiadk dk`s `s pdr hm mgpham mgp ham prdou prdouiia iiaùk ùk,, hm iumh iumh kds p`rgat`, dj`rtmr `h prdouitd `k iumhqua`r ápdim o`hh mýd, iu o` iugp gphha`ko `kod hds `stíkomr`s o` imhaomo.

O`eahaomo`s 

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Akv`rsaùk pmrm iuhtavmr `h prdouitd `s mhtm. ^rdouitds guy jrílah`s pmrm `kvçds.

@strmt`lams o` o`eahaomo`s y dpdrtukaomo`s (od) 

Agph`g`ktmiaùk o` ku`vm gmquakmram pmrm r`ouiar `h id idst std d o` akv` akv`rs rsaù aùk k o`h o`h prdouitd.

@strmt`lams o` jdrtmh`zms y mg`kmzms (jm)

Mg`kmzms  Mtmqu` o` phmlms phmlms y

o`eaod m mhamkzms `strmtálaims idk prdouitdr`s o` hm zdkm. Idktmr idk i`rtajaimiadk`s i`rtajaimiadk`s akt`rkmiadkmh`s o` imhaomo. @gpr`sm hço`r qu` iu`ktm idk gís o` 5> mýds o` `xp`ra`kiam `xp`ra`kia m `k `h ruerd akoustramh.

@strmt`lams o` jdrtmh`zms y dpdrtukaomo`s (j>)

Dpdrtukaomo`s 

Kav`h`s mhtds o` prdouitavaomo prdouitavaom o `k ids`icms,

Hm mgpham `xp`ra`kiam o` hm `gpr`s `gp r`sm m hdlrù hdlrù r`mha r`mhazmr zmr hms hms des`rvmiadk des`rvmiadk`s s`luaga`ktd ktd id idrr rr` `sp spd dkoa koa``s kt` kt`y s`luaga` o` su sus s prdouiiadk`s `k sus iuhtavds, pdr hd qu` gmkta`k`k uk idrr`itd idktrdh o` phmlms, gmkt`ka`kod msç su sdst`kaeahaomo.

@strmt`lams o` o`eahaomo`s y mg`kmzms (om) 

Agph`g`ktmr uk phmk pmrm g`bdrmr o`h `gpmqu`tmod `gpmqu`tmod o` prdouitds.

 

@Y_UM_@LAMY L@K@UAIMY

* IMG^DYDH 

Ju`k`2 Gaicm`h ^dr`r Oa`r`kiamiaùk o` prdouid2  prdouid2  Dr`i`r mhag`kds r`sids y smhuomeh`s, rums o` imhaomo `xi`h`k `xi`h`k`, `, ourmk` dod `h mýd.

Y`lg`kmiaùk o` G`rimod2  G`rimod2  Hms rums qu` `xpdrm Imgpdsdh, pu`o`k s`r idksugaoms pdr dom hm mgaham, idk `h deb`tvd o` eusimr smtsmi`r k`i`saomo`s k`i`saomo`s m sus idksugaodr`s o` hds pmçs`s o`h gukod.

Impmiaomo oastktvm2 Imgpdsdh oastktvm2 Imgpdsdh `sí `k idksmk` akv`stlmiaùk, pmrm o`smrrdhhd o` sus prdouids6 idk hm imhaomo k`i`smram, r`vasmkod sus prdi`sds. @sms miiadk`s p`rga`k sa`gpr` mems`i`r o` prdouids, m sus iha`k`s.

@Y_UM_@LAMY O@ OAJ@U@KIAMIAÙK

Akkdvmiaùk2 Oaspdk` Akkdvmiaùk2  Oaspdk` o` áikaims o` iuhtvd gdo`rkms y `jia`k`s, idk hds iumh`s, `s hço`r `k `xpdrmiaùk o` rums.

Imhaomo2 U`vasmk Imhaomo2  U`vasmk imom prdi`sd o` hm prdouiiaùk o` hds ruds, mo`gís idkmr idk i`rtjimiadk`s i`rtjimiad k`s ak`rkmiadkm ak`rkmiadkmh`s h`s o` imhaomo. =>

 

Ymtsmiiaùk o`h iha`k`2 Gmkt`k`k iha`k`2  Gmkt`k`k ukm eu`km r`hmiaùk idk sus iha`k`s, m rmvás o` `srm`lamss o` idgukaimiaùk y k`ldiads. `srm`lam

@Y_UM_@LAMY O@ Y@LG@K_MIAÙK Zmrameh` L`dlríjim2

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PYM, @PUD^M, ICAKM, BM^ÙK _MA\MK

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Ihagm s`lòk pmçs

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Iauomo`s agpdrmk`s

Zmrameh` O`gdlríjim2

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0 mýds m gís

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Cdger`s y gub`r`s,

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_dom hm mgaham(pmor`s, cabds, ka`ds)

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KY@ M-E-I

Zmrameh` ^saidlríjim2

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^`rsdkms qu` eusimk idksugar prdouids smkds. ^rdgdv`r `h idksugd mgahamr o` prdouids kmurmh`s Imgeamr cíeads mhag`ktiads.

Zmrameh` Idkouiumh2

==

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Idksugar prdouids `k iumhqua`r gdg`kd o`h oçm.

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Mhm r`iu`kiam m idgprmr `k r`mah

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Ya`gpr` eusimr mh`rkmtvms o` mhag`kds.

 

IDKIHPYADK@Y 

Hm `gpr`sm o`e` mprdv`icmr hm mhtm o`gmkom o`h prdouitd, ym qu` `s 0td prdouitd qu` `xpdrtm ku`strd pmçs.

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Gmkt`k`r hm idkstmkt` idgukaimiaùk `ktr` ír`ms o` hm `gpr`sm, pmrm qu` buktds hdlr`k hds deb`tavds trmzmods.

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Hm `gpr`sm Imgpdsdh `s ukm o` hms `gpr`sms mlrdakoustramh`s gís lrmko`s o`h ^`rò, pu`s iu`ktm idk gís o` => c`itír`ms o` iuhtavd `ktr` pmhtms, gmkomrakms, `spírrmlds, `ti., `std cm p`rgataod qu` oaicm `gpr`sm pu`om det`k`r ukm v`ktmbm idgp`tatavm jr`kt` hms o`gís, ym qu` kd k`i`satm o` kaklòk prdv``odr prdv``odr o` mhag`ktds pmrm det`k`r sus prdpads prdouitds, pdr hd qu` s` mcdrrm `k idstds o` idgprm y deta`k` gmydr`s aklr`sds pdr su `xpdrtmiaùk o` mhag`ktds jr`sids o` imhaomo.

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Imgpdsdh `s idksao`rmom idgd hm `gpr`sm mlrdakoustramh, hço`r `k su s`itdr, kd sdhd pdr sus prdouitds, sa kd pdr `h s`rvaiad o` `gemhmb` qu` djr`i`, pu`s s` sa`kt` idgprdg`taom idk imom ukd o` sus iha`kt`s. Mo`gís, `h kav`h o` puehaiaomo qu` cm lmkmod idk hds mýds s` o`e` m hm `xi`h`kiam o` imhaomo o` prdouitd qu` djr`i`, pu`s pu`s `k `h `xtr `xtrmk mkb` b`rd rd guic guicms ms p`rs p`rsdk dkms ms id idgp gprm rmrr su sus s prdo prdoui uitd tds s `k hds hds sup`rg`rimods.

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EAEHADLUMJAM

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@xtrmaod o` hm salua`kt` pmlakm2 cttps2//www.imgpdsdh.idg.p`/va cttps2//www.imgpdsdh.idg.p`/vasadk-gassadk sadk-gassadk-vmhu`-vmhu`prdpdsatadk/

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@xtrmçod o`h salua`kt` vao`d2 cttps2//www.ydu cttps2//www.ydutue`.idg/wmtic4 tue`.idg/wmtic4v70H0IGQgjI v70H0IGQgjI_M _M

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@xtrmaod o` hm salua`kt` pílakm2 cttps2//mkoakm.p`/ml`kiam/kd cttps2//mkoakm.p`/ml`kiam/kdtaiam-`stds-sdk taiam-`stds-sdk-hds-=>-prak -hds-=>-prakiapmh`siapmh`sprdouitds-mlraidhms-`xpdrtmiadk-o`h-p`ru-3?3>3=.mspx

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