ToolBox

TOOL BOX FOR THE MEDICAL TRANSLATOR  8 ALAIN CÔTÉ

TOOL BOX FOR THE MEDICAL TRANSLATOR 

 Alain Côté Director, Linguistic Services Janssen-Ortho Inc. 19 Green Belt Drive Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3C 1L9 [email protected] 416-382-5223

© 2005 JANSSEN-ORTHO Inc.

Table of Contents

Introduction ......................................................................... 5 Manuals and Guides ........................................................... 7 French Medical Dictionaries ................................................ 9 English Medical Dictionaries ............................................. 10 English-French Medical Dictionaries ................................. 11 Online Dictionaries ............................................................ 12 Specialized Books ............................................................. 13 Periodicals Medical – French ......................................................... 14 Medical – English ......................................................... 15 Medical – Bilingual ....................................................... 16  Articles on Medical Translation .................................... 17 Websites  Associations – Translation Translation ........................................... 21  Associations – Industry ................................................ 22  Associations – Medical Profession .............................. 23 Governmental and International Organizations Organizations ........... 27 Laws and Regulations ................................................. 31 Pharmaceutical Companies ......................................... 32 Periodicals on Translation Translation ............................................ 33 Miscellaneous .............................................................. 34 Study Programs Programs ................................................................ 36 Bookstores Bookstores and Publishers ............................................... 37

Introduction  This guide is primarily intended for people who translate medical or pharmaceutical documents. It will be of interest to beginners who want to know what the basic tools t ools are in this field, as well as to more experienced translators who seek to increase their documentary sources.  The tools that are mentioned will be particularly useful in the English / French combination, and for the Canadian market, but some of them can also be used for other languages and markets, after making the necessary adjustments. In many cases, the references that are provided can lead to other unilingual or multilingual resources, in Canada, the United States and elsewhere. I prefer electronic tools and provide Web addresses whenever they exist. Most references concern documents in the medical field, rather than documents on language or translation in general.  The lists that appear in this guide are not exhaustive, and aim at providing some guidance. The choices made here reflect my experience and preferences, and the comments are my sole responsibility. Any errors are mine.  This guide will be continually updated and improved. Readers are invited to send their comments, corrections, suggestions and questions. Many people have already taken the opportunity to contribute to the development of this guide; I extend to them my sincere thanks and appreciation. I am particularly grateful to my colleagues Kate Murphy, who has copy-edited the text, and to Henry U, who art-directed this project.  Alain Côté Director, Director, Linguistic Services  Janssen-Ortho Inc. 19 Green Belt Drive Toronto, Canada M3C 1L9  [email protected]

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Manuals and Guides  Accreditation Course. Council for Continuing Pharmaceutical Education. www.ccpe-cfpc.com  Thirteen Thirteen-modul modulee home-stud home-studyy course, course, mandator mandatoryy for pharmace pharmaceutica uticall repres representa entative tivess in Canada. Each module covers a particular system of the body, as well as the therapeutic aspects. The Council offers close to 20 other courses in more specific areas, such as cardiology, oncology, psychiatry and gastroenterology. These publications are available in both English and French, and are excellent learning tools even for non-representatives. non-representatives. BIRON, Pierre. La pharmacovigilance de A à Z. Université de Montréal, Montréal, 1999. www.pharmacol-fr.org/pv_az.pdf   This 300-page French glossary has been prepared by a professor of pharmacology at the University of Montreal for medical translators, among others. It can be downloaded at the above address. English equivalents are indicated. Many explanations include bibliographical references, and Web and e-mail addresses. BURNS THOMSON, Sandra. Medical Translation Translation & Interpreting. A Resource Res ource Guide.  American Translators Translators Association, Alexandria, VA, 2002. 114 p. Compilation of 15 articles published in The ATA Chronicle (1996-2000) (1996-2000) and and 7 abstract abstractss published in the Proceedings of the ATA ATA Annual Conferences (1994-2000). The pieces “Maintaining Consistency in Medical-Technical Translations: Catering to Different Target Groups and Clients” (p. 47), “The Translator’s Dilemma: Communicating Medical  Terminology”  Terminology” (p. 92) and “As Tough as it Gets – But How Tough?” (p. 99), among others, will interest a wide range of translators. CHEVALLIER, CHEVALLIER, Jacques. Précis de terminologie médicale. 7e édition. Maloine, Paris, 2003. 281 p. Brief, clear and visually appealing introduction to the French medical field and terminology. The first section deals with the various parts of the human body, whereas the second one contains several lists: alphabetical, thematic, suffixes, definitions, eponyms, acronyms, etc. Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties. Canadian Pharmacists  Association, Ontario. www.pharmacists.ca Published each year in English and in French, in book, CD-ROM and Internet formats. Indispensable for translators in the pharmaceutical industry and very useful for other medical translators. Contains the monographs of almost 200 products, an index of  generic names and trademarks, pictures of some products and clinical information. FISCHBACH, Henry, ed. Translation and Medicine. John Benjamins Publishing Company, Company, Amsterdam/Philadelphia, 1998. 194 p.  A collec collectio tionn of artic articles les on histor historica icall and cultur cultural al aspec aspects ts of medica medicall transl translat ation ion,, and the training and work of a medical translator. The articles by Henri Van Hoof (p. 49) on some significant differences between English and French medical terminology, and by Marla O’Neill (p. 69) on who makes a better translator (linguist or doctor) are especially interesting. interesting. Gray’s Anatomy. www.bartleby.com  This classic is available in different different versions, from the original 1901 edition to more recent updated editions. This website gives free access to the 1918 edition. More recent editions can be purchased online at various bookstores and publishers. This website also contains links to other general reference reference books, including encyclopaedias, encyclopaedias, language dictionaries, thesauruses, quotations, style guides, etc. 7

Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy. Seventeenth Edition. Merck and Co., Whitehouse Station, NJ, 1999. 2,833 p. www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/sections.jsp  This detailed reference reference book, first published in 1899, is available in both print (English and French) and electronic formats (free access, English only). There is also, since 1997, a simplified version for the general public (in English only). Merck publishes several other reference materials, including the Manual of Geriatrics.  These books are recognized as good sources of information. This Centennial Edition comes with a complimentary copy of the first edition (192 pages!). Physicians’ Desk Reference. Thomson, Montvale, NJ, 2005. www.pdr.net  The American equivalent of the Canadian Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and  paper format, online and on CD-ROM. Also includes includes access to Specialties. Available in paper Stedman’s Stedman’s Medical Dictionary and the PDR for Herbal Medicines. Detailed information on FDA-approved drugs, non-prescription drugs and specialized ophthalmic pharmaceuticals. QUÉRIN, Serge. Dictionnaire des difficultés du français médical. Edisem/Maloine, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, 1998. 200 p.  The author, author, a physician, physician, teaches teaches at the University University of Montreal. Montreal. In 1,300 entries, entries, he presents the results of his observations and research on the usage of French medical language, especially in Québec. Contains useful comments on various terminological problems facing translators, such as “anglicisms” and spelling variations. ROULEAU, Maurice. La traduction médicale. Une approche méthodique. Linguatech, Brossard, Québec, 1994. 326 p.  This teacher at the Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières rois-Rivières proposes a methodical approach to medical translation. His guide contains many exercises and tips for the beginner. beginner. A useful starting point for anybody considering a career in medical translation or even wishing to review some basic notions. SOFER, Morry. The Translator’s Handbook. Fifth Revised Edition. Schreiber  Publishing, Inc., Rockville, MD, 2004. 406 p.  The first first part part of of this book, book, quit quitee intere interesti sting, ng, discuss discusses es some some transl translati ation on probl problems ems posed posed by various languages and areas, including medicine. The appendices list work sources, translator organizations, major organizations, translation courses and programs. There are also 60 pages of references, mostly dictionaries, by language and area; many references do not appear to have been updated during the various revisions of this book.  VAN  VAN HOOF, HOOF, Henri. Précis pratique de traduction médicale (anglais-français). Maloine, Paris, 1986. 309 p.  Although written written 20 years ago, this book remains remains very useful for its enlightening enlightening comments on the differences between the English and French languages, its numerous translation exercises, its presentation of some problems in medical translation and its bilingual lists of basic medical terms.

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French Medical Dictionaries  ACADÉMIE NATIONALE NATIONALE DE PHARMACIE. Dictionnaire des sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques. 2e édition revue et augmentée. Éditions Louis Pariente, Paris, 2001. 1643 p.  This voluminous dictionary is more comprehensive comprehensive than its title indicates, but is particularly useful for the chemistry and biology terms. Includes definitions of many chemical entities and substances. DELAMARE, Jacques et al. Dictionnaire illustré des termes de médecine. 28e édition. Maloine, Paris, 2004. 1046 p.  This book, with text and illustrations illustrations in colour, colour, includes includes an etymological etymological lexicon and a pharmaceutical lexicon that gives the generic and trade names of drugs commonly used in France, as well as an English-French lexicon. Very useful and pleasant to consult. KERNBAUM, Serge. Dictionnaire de médecine Flammarion. 7e édition. Flammarion, Paris, 2001. 1035 p.  This dictionary dictionary often gives detailed detailed definitions. definitions. It contains many many anatomical anatomical charts, charts, a list of the abbreviated names of journals, some biological constants and an English-French lexicon. Larousse médical. Larousse, Paris, 2003. 1219 p.  This French manual is designed for the general public. It is abundantly illustrated and pleasantly presented. It also contains several “dossiers d’actualité” (information documents) on alcoholism, depression, pain, migraine, obesity, etc. MANUILA, L. et al. Dictionnaire français de médecine et de biologie. biolog ie. Masson, Paris, 1981-1982.  This second printing in 20 instalments of a book first published in 4 volumes between 1970 and 1975 is a bit outdated and out of print, but has no equal in its detailed explanations. MANUILA, L. et al. Dictionnaire médical Manuila. 10e édition. Masson, Paris, 2004. 676 p.  This abridged version of the previous entry is regularly revised and indicates English equivalents. The “Guide pour la compréhension des termes médicaux” at the beginning is quite useful. QUEVAUVILLIERS, QUEVAUVILLIERS, Jacques. Dictionnaire médical. 4e édition. Masson, Paris, 2004. 1494 p.  Another very useful useful dictionary, dictionary, with entries printed in red. red. Contains several appendices: appendices: French-English medical abbreviations, biological constants, anatomical atlas, EnglishFrench lexicon, etc. RAPIN, Maurice. Le Grand Dictionnaire Encyclopédique Médical. Flammarion, Paris, 1986. 2 volumes. 1393 p.  This dictionary is still useful, thanks to its detailed explanations.

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English Medical Dictionaries  Anderson, K.N. Mosby’s Medical, Nursing, and Allied Health Dictionary, 6th Edition. C.V. Mosby Co. Ltd., St. Louis, MO, 2002. 2134 p.  The 6th edition of this popular dictionary features more than 3,000 new entries and 1,100 new illustrations, and includes a “Color Atlas of Human Anatomy.” Anatomy.” DAVIS, Neil M. Medical Abbreviations. 26,000 Conveniences at the Expense of  Communications and Safety. 12th Edition. Neil M. Davis Associates, Warminster, PA, 2005. 471 p.  This convenient pocket-size guide contains thousands of English abbreviations and is revised about every other year. The purchase of the book includes free access to the online version for two years. The author invites the readers readers to send him their additions, corrections or suggestions. The guide can be ordered on the author’s website at www.medabbrev.com. Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary. Dictionary. 30th Edition. Saunders, Philadelphia, 2000. 2190 p. One of the most frequently consulted resources, this well-designed dictionary is clear and comprehensive (over 125,000 entries), a pleasure to use. Included is a CD-ROM version with a spell-checker. Lewis, Richard J., Sr. Hawley’s Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Dictionary, 14th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY, 2002. 1248 p.  This dictionary dictionary is a useful useful refere reference nce about about thousands thousands of common chemica chemicall substances, substances, natural products, and trademarked industrial products, including formulations, reactions, techniques and materials. Stedman’s Medical Dictionary. 27th edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2000. 2098 p.  Another recommende recommended, d, well-es well-establish tablished ed standar standard, d, illustra illustrated ted with full colour images and tables, this dictionary contains over 102,000 terms. An electronic version is available.  Venes,  Venes, D. Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, 20th Edition. F.A. Davis Co., Philadelphia, PA, 2005. 2800 p. With 56,000 definitions and 700 illustrations in easy-to-understand easy-to-understand language, this longestablished dictionary also includes information about complementary and alternative medicine, nutrition, and nursing.

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English-French Medical Dictionaries Comité d’étude des termes de gestion des soins de santé. Termes de gestion des  soins de santé. Vocabulaire français-anglais. Gouvernement du Québec, Québec, 1997. 40 p.  This booklet has benefited benefited from the the contribution of translators translators working in the Canadian Canadian pharmaceutical industry and other language specialists. Gives the definitions and English equivalents of about 60 terms. Is particularly useful for some problem terms, such as efficacy/effectiveness/efficiency, outcome, co-payment, etc. DELAMARE, Jean et al. Dictionnaire français-anglais des termes de médecine. English-French Dictionary of Medical Terms. 5e édition. Maloine, Paris, 2003. 1132 p. Not quite as detailed as the Gladstone, but allows a quick search both ways. A useful complement is the Dictionnaire des termes de médecine, by the same authors. DIONNE, Sylvie and Jacques BOULAY. Bilingual Guide to Medical Abbreviations. Guide bilingue des abréviations médicales. Third Edition. Maclean Hunter Healthcare, Montreal, 1998. 81 + 74 p. Less exhaustive than some other similar guides (it has 3,000 entries), but has the advantage of being bilingual (English-French (English-French and French-English). DJORDJEVIC, Svetolik P. Dictionary of Medicine. Dictionnaire de médecine. Second Revised Edition. Schreiber Publishing, Inc., Rockville, MD, 2004. 1150 p.  This voluminous dictionary has a place in the library of an English-French-English English-French-English medical translator. The main section is arranged in French alphabetical order, and is completed by an English-French glossary. Includes many abbreviations in their proper places among the entries. GLADSTONE, William J. Dictionnaire anglais-français des sciences médicales et   paramédicales. 5e édition. Maloine, Paris, 2002. 1367 p.  This reference reference document is the work of an AT ATA member and is revised revised every five or six years. The appendices contain a list of abbreviations, abbreviations, acronyms and symbols. Probably one of the best dictionaries of its kind. PAQUET, AQUET, Nicole. Nicole . Vocabulary English-French. Medical and Paramedical Specialists  and Specialized Fields / Vocabulaire français-anglais. Spécialistes et spécialités des domaines médicaux et paramédicaux. Centre de recherche en linguistique appliquée, Université de Moncton, 1995. 113 + 101 p.  This vocabulary deserves deserves to be better known. known. Gives an exhaustive list, with definitions, definitions, of medical specialties and specialists. Indicates the differences between France and Quebec usages. www www.umoncton.ca/faca .umoncton.ca/facarts/crla/crla.ht rts/crla/crla.html ml TOUATI, Maurice Alain. Dictionnaire international des abréviations médicales. La Maison du dictionnaire, Paris, 1994. 474 p.  Although a bit old, this dictionary is particularly useful because it mixes English and French abbreviations, abbreviations, which facilitates the research research when in doubt about the language of the abbreviation. abbreviation.

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Online Dictionaries Dictionnaires et glossaires médicaux électroniques www.bib.umontreal.ca/sa/dict.htm  This site from the University of Montreal gives a list of links to general medical dictionaries, dictionaries by specialties and language dictionaries. Le grand dictionnaire www.granddictionnaire.com Free access to the Grand dictionnaire terminologique of the Office québécois de la langue française. Definitions and contexts are given for most terms. Searchable in English and French. Indispensable tool for the Quebec market. Medical Online Dictionaries and Glossaries www.interfold.com/transl www .interfold.com/translator/medsites.htm ator/medsites.htm  This website is described as “the most comprehensive comprehensive multilingual listing of online medical dictionaries & medical glossaries on the Internet.” It offers close to 2,000 links to medical and health-related health-related websites and medical dictionaries in 21 languages. Medi Lexicon www.pharma-lexicon.com  This large UK-based UK-based site contains contains a dictionary dictionary of terms, acronyms and abbreviations abbreviations in English. Also offers a wealth of information about health, disease, news and events in the medical field, pharmaceutical pharmaceutical companies, medical associations, etc. Multilingual Glossary of Technical and Popular Medical Terms in Nine European Languages http://users.ugent.be/~rvdstich/eugloss/welcome.html Online multilingual dictionary, dictionary, free and easy to use. Developed by the Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, University of Ghent and Mercator College, Department of Applied Linguistics, Ghent, Belgium, for the European Commission. ONTERM www.onterm.gov.on.ca/searchtempl.asp  The terminology database of the Government of Ontario, maintained by its Translation Service. Contains terms mostly related to its activities and affairs. Peter’s Translation Links http://home8.inet.tele.dk/p-spitz/index.html  This site site lists links with with thousands thousands of online dictionaries dictionaries and lexicons, including the fields fields of anatomy, chemistry, medicine, etc., in various languages. Termium www.termium.com  Terminology  Terminology database of the Translation Bureau of the Canadian federal government.  Available by subscription on Internet and CD-ROM. Searchable Searchable in French and English. Many of its 3,500,000 terms also appear in Spanish. Includes definitions, contexts, sources, etc. Indispensable, especially for the Canadian market. Translation and the European Union http://europa.eu.int/eurodic http://europa.eu.int/eurodicautom/Controlle autom/Controllerr  Terminology  Terminology database Eurodicautom of the European Commission. Searchable Searchable in a dozen languages and about fifty different specialties, including biology, chemistry, medicine and sciences. Contains a User Guide. The section “Translation” gives hundreds of links to other information and linguistic sites.

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Specialized Books  Thousands of books have been published in the various medical specialties and subspecialties in English and French. Some of them are for the general public; others are highly technical.  These books can be found in English and French general and university bookstores and libraries, or bought from online publishers. Some publishers specialize in this material. In French, for example, Masson has published books on various medical specialties and diseases, especially in its series “Abrégés.” In English, Elsevier is well known in this field. See the section “Bookstores and Publishers.” Many books are published in both English and French, which make them very useful for the medical translator. Here are a few examples, among many others.

 American Psychiatric Association. DSM-IV-TR. DSM-IV-TR. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of  Mental Disorders. Fourth Edition, Text Revision. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association, 2000. 943 p.  American Psychiatric Association. DSM-IV-TR. Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux. 4e édition, texte révisé. Masson, Paris, 2003. 1065 p.  Although the French edition is a translation, it is widely used by French-speaking French-speaking psychiatrists and other health professionals, and should be on the bookshelf of  anybody who translates documents in this area. The presentation is systematic and thorough, but the index could be more detailed. BEAR, Mark F., Barry W. CONNORS and Michael A. PARADISO. Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain. 2nd Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD, 2000. 888 p. BEAR, Mark F., Barry W. CONNORS et Michael A. PARADISO. Neuroscienc Neurosciences es : À la découverte du cerveau. Traduction et adaptation française par André Nieoullon. 2e édition. Éditions Pradel, Paris, 2002. 898 p.  This voluminous and abundantly illustrated book describes the organization and functions of the human nervous system. The text is at the level of a university student.  The illustrations are very good and useful. A glossary, glossary, many references references and an index complete the text. THOMSON, A.B.R. et al. First Principles of Gastroenterology. 5th edition. Canadian  Association of Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology, Edmonton, Canada, 2005. THOMSON, A.B.R. et al. Principes fondamentaux de gastro-entérologie. 5e édition.  Association canadienne de gastro-entérologie, Edmonton, Canada, 2005.  This comprehensive manual is the product of about 40 English-speaking and Frenchspeaking specialists. The production of this book is sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry and endorsed by the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology. A previous edition is available, in English and in French, on the website http://gastroresource http://gastroresource.com. .com.

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Periodicals www.freemedicaljournals.com  This website website lists and gives links to many medical medical periodicals periodicals that that are are available available free free online.  They are listed alphabetically alphabetically,, under about 20 different different language headings. Here are some periodicals that are published in French, in English or in a partially or completely bilingual format. Their policies regarding online access vary from free access to the whole content to access with subscription.

Medical – French L’Actualité médicale Weekly tabloid-size newspaper published in Québec mostly for French-speaking health professionals. Contains numerous news and feature articles, educational supplements, columns on books, leisure, cars, food, restaurants, wine, etc. The ads for pharmaceutical products are also useful for information and translation purposes. Paper edition only, available on subscription. Le Clinicien www.stacommunications.com Quebec monthly magazine on continuing medical education for French-speaking doctors. Publishes not only feature articles but also case studies, answers to questions by experts, a “diagno-photo” where readers are invited to establish a diagnosis, a medi-test and other interesting interesting material. Free content. Le médecin du Québec www.fmoq.org/MedecinQue www .fmoq.org/MedecinQuebec/ParutionsRec bec/ParutionsRecentes/Index.as entes/Index.aspx px Monthly magazine published by the Fédération des omnipraticiens du Québec for its members. The content is mostly French; some documents are in English. A search tool facilitates finding previous articles. The electronic version of articles is accessible for issues published since 2000. Free access. Médecine-Sciences www.medecine-sciences.com International magazine on biology and medicine, created in 1985 following a cooperation agreement between France and Quebec. Access to the most recent articles is restricted to subscribers. Pharmactuel www.pharmactuel.com Publication for professionals working in healthcare institutions. Published five times a year. Free access to electronic version of articles since 2000. Pharmacy Post www.pharmacyconnects.com Free registration gives access to articles from the current and past issues of L’Actualité  pharmaceutique, a Canadian tabloid-size newspaper. This publication includes news items and articles on various topics, especially for pharmacy owners, as well as educational supplements.

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Pharmaterm www.groupetraduction.ca Published quarterly by the Translation Group – Rx&D in Canada. Each issue, which tackles some terminology problems, is prepared by a specialist in the area. It is reviewed by the group’s Terminology Committee and is distributed to all members and interested parties. A cumulative index is published every other year. This index as well as a sample issue are posted on the group’s website. Online access will be extended in 2006. Québec Pharmacie www.quebecpharmacie.org Magazine published for Quebec pharmacists (10 issues a year). Free access to summaries of articles between 2000 and 2005. Wide variety of topics covered. Includes many links, organized by categories; the section “Livres en ligne” gives direct access to hundreds of medical books in English and French. Prescrire www.prescrire.org Monthly magazine on continuing education, designed and produced by and for healthcare professionals. It is published by Association Mieux Prescrire, a not-for-profit independent association in France. The online version contains summaries of some articles. There is also an English edition of the magazine, Prescrire International, that every other month prints translations of articles published in Prescrire. Various  Various types of  subscriptions are offered. Santé mentale au Québec http://rsmq.cam.org/smq/index.html Published in French only since 1976. Free access to articles until 1998. Access to the most recent articles is restricted to subscribers. Links with many useful websites in the field of mental health.

Medical – English Pharmacy Post www.pharmacyconnects.com Free registration gives access to articles from the current and past issues of Pharmacy  Post and Pharmacy Practice, two Canadian tabloid-size newspapers. These publications include news items and articles on various topics, especially for pharmacy owners, as well as educational supplements. The Lancet www.thelancet.com British weekly journal of international renown. Free registration gives access to many articles. The Medical Post www.medicalpost.com  This weekly publication is available in print version by subscription and on this website (free). It is also possible to view previous issues. Contains articles about various aspects of medicine and other health-related issues. Published in Toronto, Canada. The New England Journal of Medicine http://content.nejm.org  This well-known weekly journal publishes the results results of many clinical studies and other relevant information. The online version offers free access to the summaries of articles and some full-length articles. 15

Medical – Bilingual Other periodicals containing articles or abstracts in English or French: Canadian Adverse Reaction Newsletter  Bulletin canadien des effets indésirables www.hc-sc.gc.ca/dhpwww .hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/medeff/bulle mps/medeff/bulletin/index_e.html tin/index_e.html Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal Journal de l’Association canadienne des radiologistes www.cma.ca/carj Canadian Family Physician Le Médecin de famille canadien www.cfpc.ca/cfp Canadian Journal of Anesthesia Journal canadien d’anesthésie www.cja-jca.org Canadian Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Journal canadien de pharmacologie clinique www.cjcp.ca/hm Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine Journal canadien de la médecine d’urgence www.caep.ca Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy Journal canadien de la pharmacie hospitalière www.cshp.ca Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie médicale www.pulsus.com Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences Journal canadien des sciences neurologiques www.cjns.org/home.html Canadian Journal of Plastic Surgery Journal canadien de chirurgie plastique www.pulsus.com Canadian Journal of Psychiatry Revue canadienne de psychiatrie www.cpa-apc.org Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy Revue canadienne de la thérapie respiratoire www.csrt.com Canadian Journal of Rural Medicine Journal canadien de la médecine rurale www.cma.ca/cjrm Canadian Journal of Surgery Journal canadien de chirurgie www.cma.ca/cjs Canadian Medical Association Journal Journal de l’Association médicale canadienne www.cmaj.ca 16

Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal Revue canadienne de soins infirmiers en oncologie www.cos.ca/cano/web www .cos.ca/cano/web/en/index.html /en/index.html Canadian Pharmacists Journal Revue des pharmaciens du Canada www.pharmacists.ca Chronic Diseases in Canada Maladies chroniques au Canada www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cdic-mcc Clinical and Investigative Medicine Médecine clinique et expérimentale www.csci-scrc.medical.org/english/cim.html Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada Journal d’obstétrique et gynécologie du Canada www.sogc.org/JOGC/index_e.shtml Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Revue de psychiatrie et de neuroscience www.cma.ca/jpn Journal of the Canadian Dental Association Journal de l’Association dentaire canadienne www.cda-adc.ca/jcda

 Articles on Medical Translation Translation  AT  ATA CHRONICLE Fifteen articles published in the  ATA  ATA Chronicle between 1996 and 2000 on subjects related to medical translation or interpretation have been reprinted in the book Medical  Translation & Interpreting. A Resource Guide (see under “Manuals and Guides”). Here are some more recent articles. Medical Translating Translating and Interpreting, XXXI, 8, August 2002. Legal Issues in the Translation of Healthcare Documents. Maria Cornelio  Vonessa nessa A. Phillips  Alternative Treatment Treatment Beliefs and the Medical Interpreter. Interpreter. Vo Multilingual Medicine: Translation Translation at Mayo Clinic. Karen Engler Resource Materials for the Japanese-English Translation of Lab Animal Studies. Lee Seaman Medical Translating Translating and Interpreting, XXXII, 8, August 2003. Evaluating Speech in a Mental Health Setting. Jeff Morton Beware of the “Bilingual Expert”. Maria Cornelio The Medical Interpreter and the Police in the Emergency Emergenc y Department: Too Too Close for Comfort?

Shiva Bidar-Sielaff and Gladys McCormick  Medical Language and Medical Translation. Elena Sgarbossa

Medical Translating Translating and Interpreting, XXXIII, 8, August 2004. Understanding the Power of a Medical Interpreter. Interpreter. Zarita Araújo-Lane and Vonessa Phillips Matters of Life and Death. Rafael A. Rivera Coded Terms: Landmines in Medical Translation. Elena B. Sgarbossa

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 XXXIV, 8, August 2005. Medical Translating Translating and Interpreting, XXXIV, The Case That Went Wrong! A Mental Health Clinician Works with an Interpreter. Zarita

 Araújo-Lane and Vonessa Vonessa Phillips Medical Back Translation: Strategies for Making it Work. Mike Collins Coronary Heart Disease – Death American Style. Rafael A. Rivera

Other Articles  ALBIN, Verónica. “Translating “Translating for the Pharmaceutical Pharmaceutical Industry”,  ATA  ATA Chronicle,  XXXIII, 5, May 2004, p. 13-15.  ARAÚJO-LANE, Zarita Zarita and Vonessa Vonessa A. PHILLIPS. PHILLIPS. “Ethics and and Medical Interpretation: Interpretation: The  Value  Value of a Pre-Session”,  ATA  ATA Chronicle,  XXXII, 9, September 2003, p. 31-34. CÔTÉ, Alain. “Rx&D: Translating Translating for Canada’s Canada’s Research-Based Pharmaceutical Companies”,  XXXIV,, 1, Januar Januaryy 2005, 2005, p. 26-28 26-28,, 30.  AT  ATA Chronic Chronicle, le, XXXIV DE MORAES, Naomi James Sutcliffe. “Techniques for Teaching Medical Translation into English”, ATA  ATA Chronicle,  XXXIII, 1, January 2004, p. 30-36. GENTZLER, Edwin and Roberto GRACIA-GARCÍA. “Medical Interpreting Online at UMass  Amherst”, ATA  ATA Chronicle,  XXXIII, 1, January 2004, p. 23-29. HANSEN, Michèle. “Pharmaceutical Writing for French-English Translators”, AT  ATA Chronicle, Chronicle,  XXXII, 1, January January 2003, p. 47-51. 47-51. IWAMOTO, Mizuho. “Encouragement for Nonscientific Translators to Begin Translating Biomedical Documents”,  ATA  ATA Chronicle,  XXXI, 10, October 2002, p. 49-51, 55. MENA, Rafaela. “Translating for the Pharmaceutical Industry: The Advertising Experience”,  XXXIII, 6, June 2004, p. 30-35.  ATA  ATA Chronicle, XXXIII, MIKKELSON, Holly. Holly. “Adventures in Online Learning: Introduction Introduction to Medical Interpreting”,  ATA  ATA Chronicle,  XXXI, 9, September 2002, p. 31-32. REINHART, Nur. “Translators and Globalization in the Pharmaceutical Industry”,  ATA  ATA Chronicle, XXX, 3, March 2001, p. 24-26. ROSDOLSKY, Maria. “Translating Psychiatric Texts”,  ATA  XXXIV, 3, March  ATA Chronicle,  XXXIV, 2005, p. 35-39, 46.  TAMURA,  TAMURA, Yuka. “A Brief Introduction On the Use of the Internet for Japanese Medical  Translation”,  Translation”, ATA November-December 2002, p. 41-43.  ATA Chronicle, XXXI, 11, November-December CIRCUIT La traduction médico-pharmaceutique, numéro 74, hiver 2002. Une spécialité en pleine santé. Martine Moresco Tâtons le pouls de la traduction médico-pharmaceutique. Marie-Andrée Blackburn L’importance du français pour un médecin de langue française. Serge Quérin La traduction médico-pharmaceutique en pratique privée… et en pantoufles! Josée Forest Diagnostic : Alzheimer linguistique. Pascale Chapuis Les bienfaits du CCPP. Denis Couillard Le Groupe quoi? Le Groupe traduction – Rx&D. Suzanne Mongrain La relève : l’enseignement de la traduction biomédicale. Sylvie Vandaele

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META  Numéro spécial sur la traduction médicale, XIX, 1, 1974. www.erudit.org/re www .erudit.org/revue/meta/1974/v19/n1/index vue/meta/1974/v19/n1/index.html .html Le français, langue médicale internationale. A. Manuila and A. Rigolot Bilan d’une décennie. Daniel Eyraud The Translation Translation of S.N.O.P. S.N.O.P. : A First Step toward the Construction of an Automated Medical  Lexicon. Bruce Barkman, Lise Bernier, Léo Cousineau and Gabrielle Tanguay Bibliographie de la traduction médicale. Henri Van Hoof 

Numéro spécial sur la traduction médicale, XXXI, 1, 1986. www.erudit.org/re www .erudit.org/revue/meta/1986/v31/n1/index vue/meta/1986/v31/n1/index.html .html Les dictionnaires médicaux vus par un médecin. Jean-Charles Sournia Les problèmes posés par la traduction de l’arabe ancien en français moderne. Gérard

 Troupeau  Troupeau Some Anatomical and Physiological Aspects of Medical Translation. Henry Fischbach Construction of a Biomedical Nomenclature. Elmer R. Gabrieli La traduction médicale doit-elle être réservée réser vée aux seuls traducteurs-médecins? Quelques  réflexions. Daniel Gile Les traquenards de la traduction médicale… ou l’interaction texte-traducteur-dictionnaire.

Louise Martin-Valiquette  Amal Jamma Jammal,l, Genevi Geneviève ève Loslie Loslierr and Annie Annie Gailla Gaillandr ndree L’épidémiologie et les mots pour le dire. Amal Les éponymes médicaux : essai de classification. Henri Van Hoof  Interdisciplinary Education as an Instrument of Training Terminologists in the Fields of  Medical Genetics and Genetic Diseases. Vladimir N. Nekrassoff  La traduction médicale médicale : réflexion de praticiens. praticiens. Enquête d’André Moreau Bibliographie/Bibliography – Sciences médicales/Medical Sciences. Louis Bélanger  XLVI, 1, 2001. Numéro spécial sur la traduction médicale,  XLVI, www.erudit.org/re www .erudit.org/revue/meta/2001/v46/n1/index vue/meta/2001/v46/n1/index.html .html Emploi de termes hybrides gréco-latins dans le langage médical. Serge Quérin Noyaux conceptuels et traduction médicale. Sylvie Vandaele The many ways of saying “pattern” in French medical texts. Karin Band La facture des principaux dictionnaires médicaux français : point de vue d’un traducteur. traducteur.

Maurice Rouleau La traduction du nom adjectival en anglais médical. François Maniez Description de la langue de la médecine. Gaston Gross and Michel Mathieu-Colas La traduction des éponymes médicaux banalisés de langue anglaise. Henri Van Hoof  Les traducteurs : ces médecins légistes légistes du texte. Christian Balliu Utilisation des bases de données bibliographiques spécialisées en traduction médicale.

Sylvie Vandaele Bibliographie sélective pour la traduction des sciences biomédicales. Sylvie Vandaele Ressources documentaires médicales sur Internet Internet : quantité, diversité et qualité.  Aline

Francoeur and Marie Brisebois L’enseignement de la traduction médicale : un double défi? Hannelore Lee-Jahnke Notes pour une histoire de la traduction pharmaceutique. Henri Van Hoof 

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Other Articles BALLIU, Christian. “L’enseignement “L’enseignement de la traduction médicale : pour une nouvelle pragmatique”, META, XXXIX, 1, 1994, p. 15-25. www.erudit.org/re www .erudit.org/revue/meta/1994/v39/n1/index. vue/meta/1994/v39/n1/index.html html BALLIU, Christian. “La didactique de la traduction médicale, deux ou trois choses que je sais d’elle”, META, L, 1, 2005, p. 68-77. www.erudit.org/re www .erudit.org/revue/meta/2005/v50/n1/index. vue/meta/2005/v50/n1/index.html html JAMMAL, Amal et al. “Si l’immunité m’était contée… Introduction à une étude des termes de l’immunologie”, META, XXXVIII, 3, 1993, p. 502-517. www.erudit.org/re www .erudit.org/revue/meta/1993/v38/n3/index. vue/meta/1993/v38/n3/index.html html JAMMAL, Amal. “Une méthodologie de la traduction médicale”, META, XLIV,  XLIV, 2, 1999, p. 217-237. www.erudit.org/re www .erudit.org/revue/meta/1999/v44/n2/index. vue/meta/1999/v44/n2/index.html html ROULEAU, Maurice. “Des traquenards de la version médicale. Action, effect, potency et effectiveness”, META, XXXVIII, 2, 1993, p. 268-274. www.erudit.org/re www .erudit.org/revue/meta/1993/v38/n2/index. vue/meta/1993/v38/n2/index.html html ROULEAU, Maurice. “La voix passive dans les textes médicaux et para-médicaux”, META, XXXVIII, 3, 1993, p. 440-448. www.erudit.org/re www .erudit.org/revue/meta/1993/v38/n3/index. vue/meta/1993/v38/n3/index.html html SOURNIA, Jean-Charles. “Les phases évolutives du vocabulaire vocabulaire médical français”, META,  XXXIX, 4, 1994, p. 692-700. www.erudit.org/re www .erudit.org/revue/meta/1994/v39/n4/index. vue/meta/1994/v39/n4/index.html html  VANDAELE,  VANDAELE, Sylvie. “Mise en ligne d’outils pédagogiques : une panacée pour l’enseignement de la traduction médicale?”, META, XLVIII,  XLVIII, 3, 2003, p. 370-378. www.erudit.org/re www .erudit.org/revue/meta/2003/v48/n3/index. vue/meta/2003/v48/n3/index.html html  VAN  VAN HOOF HOOF,, Henri. Henri. “La tradu traduction ction médico-p médico-pharm harmace aceutiqu utique”, e”, META, XV,  XV, 2, 1970, p. 95-109. 95-109. www.erudit.org/revue/meta/1970/v15/n2/004545ar.pdf  PANACE ROULEAU, Maurice. “La terminologie médicale et ses problèmes”, Panace, IV, 12, juin 2003, p. 143-152. www.medtrad.org/pana www .medtrad.org/panacea/IndiceGe cea/IndiceGeneral/n12_tribuna_ neral/n12_tribuna_Rouleau.pdf  Rouleau.pdf  TRADUIRE Les maux en mots, No 194, 2002. www.sft.fr/presentation/Traduire.htm Techno-science, compétitivité et acculturation : étude interculturelle de la critique dans le discours médical. Françoise Salager Meyer, María Ángeles Alcaraz Ariza, Nahirana Zambrano It reminds me of... Figurative language in medical terminology. Karin RM Band Les risques du métier : tennis elbow ou épicondylite latérale? Jean Soubrier Ça vous chatouille ou ça vous gratouille? Christian Balliu La traduction médicale au Québec. Isabelle Cheval Traduire en statistique médicale. Jean-François Dreyfus

TTR : traduction, terminologie, rédaction  VANDAELE,  VANDAELE, Sylvie. “Métaphores “Métaphores conceptuelles en en traduction biomédicale biomédicale et cohérence”, cohérence”,  TTR, volume 15, numéro 1, 1er semestre 2002, p. 223-239. www.erudit.org/revue/ttr/2002/v15/n1/006807ar.pdf  20

Websites

 Associations – Translation Translation  American Translators Translators Association www.atanet.org  The nationa nationall associ associati ation on of transl translato ators rs in the U.S. is divide divided d into regional regional chapte chapters rs and specialized divisions. To become certified members, candidates must pass the Certification Exam. Each year in an American city (exceptionally in Toronto in 2004), the  AT  ATA organizes organizes a conferenc conferencee that attract attractss some 1,500 language language profe professi ssiona onals ls and many exhibitors. This event is considered one of the best of its kind in the world because of the number of participants, the variety of o f presentations and seminars, the calibre of presenters and the professionalism of the organization. The ATA ATA publishes the monthly mon thly AT  ATA Chro Chronicl nicle. e.  Association of Translators Translators and Interpreters of Ontario  Association des traducteurs et interprètes de l’Ontario www.atio.on.ca  The main purpose of the Association is “to promote a high level of competence in the fields of translation, conference interpretation, court interpretation and terminology.” To become Certified Members, candidates must pass a Certification Examination. The  ATIO  ATIO organizes organizes continuing education activities, mostly in the Ottawa Ottawa and Toronto areas, and publishes InformATIO. Canadian Translators, Terminologists, Terminologists, and Interpreters Council Conseil des traducteurs, terminologues et interprètes du Canada www.cttic.org  This organization organization represents represents the Canadian Canadian profession profession internationally internationally,, through through affiliation affiliation with the International Federation F ederation of Translators. Translators. lt manages the certification examinations for the provincial associations of language professionals. Fédération internationale des traducteurs International Federation of Translators Translators www.fit-ift.org  This is a federation of over 100 national associations from about 50 countries. It holds a world congress every three years. Ordre des traducteurs, terminologues et interprètes agréés du Québec www.ottiaq.org  The OTTIAQ’s OTTIAQ’s mission is to “ensure “ensure and promote promote the competence competence and professionalism professionalism of its members in the fields of translation, terminology and interpretation.” It organizes continuing education activities, especially in the Montreal, Quebec City and Outaouais regions. Its magazine Circuit, a quarterly publication on language, communication and translation, has twice won the International Federation of Translators prize for the best national publication on translation. The Translation Group – Rx&D Groupe traduction – Rx&D www.groupetraduction.ca Group of translators working for about 20 companies which are members of the Rx&D association. The website contains basic information about the group, useful links, and a sample issue and cumulative index of Pharmaterm, a quarterly bulletin on medical/  pharmaceutical terminology. It also includes a section listing job opportunities in the translation departments of the member companies. 21

 Associations – Industry  American Medical Publishers Association www.ampaonline.org Non-profit organization that provides a “member forum for the exchange of current medical information, hosts continuing education seminars, and publishes a timely and relevant newsletter.” Canadian Association of Medical Publishers  Association des éditeurs médicaux du Canada http://camponline.org Non-profit organization whose mission is to “advance health sciences and medical communications in Canada.” Canadian Patient Safety Association Institut canadien sur la sécurité des patients www.cpsi-icsp.ca  The Canadian Patient Safety Institute is mandated to “provide leadership and co-ordinate the work necessary to build a culture of patient safety and quality improvement improvement throughout the Canadian health care system.” Canadian Pharmacists Association  Association des pharmaciens du Canada www.pharmacists.ca Publishes the annual Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties, a publication available in English or French containing 3,000 product monographs (offered in print, on CD-ROM, and online). An indispensable tool for members of the industry. Club de marketing pharmaceutique du Québec The Pharmaceutical Marketing Club of Quebec www.pmcq.qc.ca  The members of this organization are connected to the pharmaceutical pharmaceutical / biotech industry. industry. They come from all walks of industry life, including strategic planning, product management, external affairs, R&D, medical publishing, advertising, media, CME, human resources, market research, corporate communications, etc. Council for Continuing Pharmaceutical Education Conseil de formation pharmaceutique continue www.ccpe-cfpc.com  The CCPE mission is the “provision of an educational program to establish improved professional standards within the Canadian pharmaceutical industry.” International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations Fédération internationale de l’industrie du médicament www.ifpma.org Based in Geneva, this international organization represents approximately 60 national associations. Its website includes a Code of Pharmaceutical Marketing Practices in English, French and Spanish. Rx&D (Canada’s Research-Based Pharmaceutical Companies) Rx&D (Les compagnies de recherche pharmaceutique du Canada) www.canadapharma.org  A national national associat association ion repr represe esenting nting some 55 55 resear research-b ch-based ased pharmace pharmaceutica uticall compani companies es in Canada. The website contains various policies, publications and information about the industry.

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The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) www.phrma.org  This American organization represents represents the major pharmaceutical pharmaceutical research research and biotechnology companies in the U.S. About 60 companies are members of PhRMA. The website contains many articles on issues related to the pharmaceutical industry in the U.S. and elsewhere.  Vidal www.vidal.fr Subscriptions can be bought on this French-language site to various printed and electronic publications on drugs marketed in France. It also contains information on drugs and a medical lexicon, with free access. Subscriptions to VIDAL news are available at no cost.

 Associations – Medical Profession  The following websites websites are are for for associat associations ions working working in the area area of medicine. medicine. To To facilitat facilitatee the the work of translation, the list includes mostly Canadian sites with a completely or partially bilingual content (English and French) or with a link to an equivalent French association in Quebec. The site http://dirline.nlm.nih.gov gives a list of medical associations in Quebec, Canada, the United States and elsewhere.  ALS Society of Canada www.als.ca  Alzheimer Society of Canada Société Alzheimer du Canada www.alzheimer.ca  Anemia Institute for Research and Education Institut de l’anémie – Recherche et éducation www.anemiainstitute.org  Arthritis Society Société d’arthrite www.arthritis.ca Includes English and French dictionaries.  Association des jeunes médecins du Québec www.ajmq.qc.ca  Association des médecins de langue française du Canada www.amlfc.com Includes regular columns on language issues: Le plaisir des mots and Des mots et des remèdes. Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine  Académie canadienne de médecine du sport www.casm-acms.org Canadian Anesthesiologists’ Society Société canadienne des anesthésiologistes www.cas.ca Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians  Association canadienne des médecins d’urgence www.caep.ca

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Canadian Association of General Surgeons  Association canadienne des chirurgiens généraux www.cags-accg.ca Canadian Association of Internes and Residents  Association canadienne des médecins résidents www.cair.ca Canadian Association of Medical Radiation Technologists  Association canadienne des technologues en radiation médicale www.camrt.ca Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists  Association canadienne des ergothérapeutes www.caot.ca Canadian Association of Pathologists  Association canadienne des pathologistes http://cap.medical.org Canadian Association of Radiologists  Association canadienne des radiologistes www.car.ca Canadian Association of Speech-Language Pathologists and Audiologists  Association canadienne des orthophonistes et audiologistes www.caslpa.ca Canadian Association of Wound Care  Association canadienne du soin des plaies www.cawc.net Canadian Bioethics Society Société canadienne de bioéthique www.bioethics.ca Canadian Blood Services Société canadienne du sang www.bloodservices.ca Canadian Breast Cancer Network Réseau canadien du cancer du sein www.cbcn.ca Canadian Cancer Society Société canadienne du cancer  www.cancer.ca Canadian Dental Association  Association dentaire canadienne www.cda-adc.ca Canadian Dermatology Association  Association canadienne de dermatologie www.dermatology.ca Canadian Diabetes Association  Association canadienne du diabète www.diabetes.ca

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Canadian Geriatrics Society Société canadienne de gériatrie www.canadiangeriatrics.ca Canadian Hospice Palliative Care Association  Association canadienne de soins palliatifs www.chpca.net Canadian Lung Association  Association pulmonaire du Canada www.lung.ca Canadian Medical Association  Association médicale canadienne www.cma.ca Canadian Medical Protective Association  Association canadienne de protection médicale www.cmpa-acpm.ca Canadian Mental Health Association  Association canadienne pour la santé mentale www.cmha.ca Canadian Nurses Association  Association des infirmières et infirmiers du Canada www.cna-nurses.ca Canadian Oncology Societies www.cos.ca  This group includes includes the Canadian Canadian Association Association of Medical Medical Oncologists, Oncologists, the Canadian Canadian Hematology Society, the Canadian Society of Surgical Oncology, the Society of  Gynecologic Oncologists of Canada, the Canadian Association of Nursing in Oncology, the Canadian Uro-Oncology Group and the Canadian Association of General Practitioners in Oncology. They all have their own websites, with some bilingual content. Canadian Ophthalmological Society Société canadienne d’ophtalmologie www.eyesite.ca Canadian Paediatric Society Société canadienne de pédiatrie www.cps.ca Canadian Pain Society Société canadienne de la douleur  www.canadianpainsociety.ca Canadian Physiotherapy Association  Association canadienne de physiothérapie www.physiotherapy.ca Canadian Psychiatric Association  Association des psychiatres du Canada www.cpa-apc.org Canadian Psychological Association Société canadienne de psychologie www.cpa.ca

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Canadian Public Health Association  Association canadienne de santé publique www.cpha.ca Canadian Society for International Health Société canadienne de santé internationale www.csih.org Canadian Society of Internal Medicine Société canadienne de médecine interne http://csim.medical.org Canadian Society of Nuclear Medicine Société canadienne de médecine nucléaire www.csnm.medical.org Canadian Society of Plastic Surgeons Société canadienne des chirurgiens plasticiens www.plasticsurgery.ca Canadian Urological Association  Association canadienne d’urologie www.cua.org College of Family Physicians of Canada Collège des médecins de famille du Canada www.cfpc.ca Dietitians of Canada Les diététistes du Canada www.dietitians.ca Epilepsy Canada Épilepsie Canada www.epilepsy.ca Fédération des médecins omnipraticiens du Québec www.fmoq.org Fédération des médecins spécialistes du Québec www.fmsq.org Heart and Stroke Foundation Fondation des maladies du coeur  www.heartandstroke.ca Kidney Foundation of Canada Fondation canadienne du rein www.kidney.ca Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada Société canadienne de la sclérose en plaques www.mssociety.ca National Cancer Institute of Canada Institut national du cancer du Canada www.ncic.cancer.ca National Ovarian Cancer Association  Association nationale du cancer des ovaires www.ovariancanada.org

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Occupational and Environmental Medical Association of Canada  Association canadienne de la médecine du travail et de l’environnement www.oemac.org Osteoporosis Canada Ostéoporose Canada www.osteoporosis.ca Parkinson Society Canada Société Parkinson Canada www.parkinson.ca Prostate Cancer Research Foundation of Canada Fondation canadienne de recherche sur le cancer de la prostate www.prostatecancer.ca Quebec College of Family Physicians Collège québécois des médecins de famille www.cqmf.qc.ca Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada Collège royal des médecins et chirurgiens du Canada http://rcpsc.medical.org Schizophrenia Society of Canada Société canadienne de la schizophrénie www.schizophrenia.ca Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada Société des obstétriciens et gynécologues du Canada www.sogc.org Women’s Health Matters Femmes en santé www.womenshealthmatters.ca

Governmental and International Organizations  Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des produits de santé http://agmed.sante.gouv.fr  The mandate of AFSSAPS is to “protect the public health and guarantee the safety of  health products” in France. Its website includes lots of information in French on various regulatory issues as well as some documents in English. Canada Health Portal Portail canadien sur la santé http://chp-pcs.gc.ca Good starting point to get bilingual information on many health-related issues. Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Technology Assessment Office canadien de coordination de l’évaluation des technologies de la santé www.ccohta.ca  The CCOHTA CCOHTA is a “primary “primary source for unbiased, evidence-base evidence-based d information on drugs, drugs, devices, health care systems and best practices.” The information is rather technical and is offered in both English and French in most cases.

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Canadian Institute for Health Information Institut canadien d’information sur la santé www.cihi.ca  This organiza organization tion is “one of Canada’ Canada’ss premier premier sources sources of high quality quality,, reliable reliable and timely timely health information.” It contains news, data, statistics and publications on various healthrelated matters. Many bilingual documents can be downloaded free. The “Related Links” section is quite extensive and conveniently arranged. arranged. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention www.cdc.gov Like the National Institutes of Health, this organization of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services offers information on various topics, data, statistics, publications, news, etc. It includes a Spanish section. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Centre de toxicomanie et de santé mentale www.camh.net Based in Toronto, Ontario, this agency maintains an extensive bilingual site and publishes various publications, some in both languages. European Medicines Agency  Agence européenne pour l’évaluation des médicaments www.emea.eu.int Based in London, this agency maintains an English website, but some documents, including its annual reports, are available in several languages. There are links to many regulatory organizations in Europe and elsewhere. elsewhere. Food and Drug Administration www.fda.gov Leading American organization responsible for public health. The website presents a wealth of information regarding drugs and health. There is a small Spanish section. Users can subscribe to about 20 online newsletters on various topics. Health Canada Santé Canada www.hc-sc.gc.ca Federal Canadian department responsible for helping the people of Canada maintain and improve their health. Contains a wealth of information about health and diseases, in English and French. Health on the Net Foundation www.hon.ch Swiss NGO whose mission is to “guide the growing community of healthcare consumers and providers on the World Wide Web to sound, reliable medical information and expertise.” The content is in English and French. The principles of its Code of Conduct for medical and health websites are written in about 30 languages. Institut national de la transfusion sanguine www.ints.fr  This website from France on blood transfusion transfus ion is in French only, but it contains several French-English lexicons in the Matériovigilance section. It also lists many references references in English on related topics.

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International Agency for Research on Cancer  Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer  www.iarc.fr Bilingual website with links to numerous documents in various languages on cancerrelated issues, including the European Code Against Cancer, and to many other national and international organizations. Ministère de la Santé et des Solidarités de la France www.sante.gouv.fr  This website, in French only, contains the usual health-related information, data, statistics, etc., as well as links with other French organizations in this area. Ministry of Health and Social Services of Quebec Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec www.msss.gouv.qc.ca/index.php Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care of Ontario Ministère de la Santé et des Soins de longue durée de l’Ontario www.health.gov.on.ca Ministry of Health of Manitoba Ministère de la Santé du Manitoba www.gov.mb.ca/health/index.html Ministry of Health and Wellness of New Brunswick Ministère de la Santé et du Mieux-être du Nouveau-Brunswick www.gnb.ca/0051/index-e.asp  The websites of these four provincial Ministries of Health in Canada offer lots of  information, in English and French, on health, drugs, insurance, etc. National Institutes of Health www.nih.gov  This organization of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services is responsible for medical research. Its website covers extensively many health-related topics. It includes a Spanish section. National Library of Medicine http://medlineplus.gov Service offered in English and Spanish by the U.S. National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health. This website contains news, information, dictionaries, directories, the A.D.A.M. Health Illustrated Encyclopedia, etc. Office québécois de la langue française www.oqlf.gouv.qc.ca  This Quebec Government agency is responsible for administering the Charter of the French Language and promoting the use and quality of French in Quebec. The English version contains a few documents, including the Charter. The Office produces the Grand  dictionnaire terminologique, which is available free at www.granddictionnaire.com. The computer terms are especially up-to-date and useful. This website also includes the Banque de dépannage linguistique (spelling, grammar, etc.); some useful links with various language and terminology sites; lexicons, vocabularies, games; and the TOPOS database (names and places in Quebec). Indispensable tool for the Quebec market.

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Pan American Health Organization Organización Panamericana de la Salud www.paho.org  This organiza organization tion is an internationa internationall public health health agency agency working working to improve improve health health and living standards of the countries of the Americas. It serves as the specialized specialized organization for health of the Inter-American System. It also serves as the Regional Office for the  Americas  Americas of the World World Health Health Organiza Organization. tion. There There are are many links to other PAHO and OMS sites, as well as to ministries of health of several Central and South American countries.  This site site and many many PAHO PAHO publica publications tions are are in Englis Englishh and Spanish. Spanish. Patented Medicine Prices Review Board Conseil d’examen du prix des médicaments brevetés www.pmprb-cepmb.gc.ca  The PMPRB’s PMPRB’s mandate is to “protect consumers and contribute to Canadian health care by ensuring that prices charged by manufacturers manufacturers for patented medicines are not excessive.” This website includes many regulatory documents (laws, regulations, guidelines, etc.) in English and in French. Pharmaceutical Advertising Advisory Board Conseil consultatif de publicité pharmaceutique www.paab.ca Independent review agency whose primary role is to ensure that advertising of prescription drugs is accurate, balanced and evidence-based. Publishes the Code of Advertising  Acceptan  Acceptance, ce, which all writers and translators in the pharmaceutical industry must know very well. Public Health Agency of Canada  Agence de santé publique du Canada www.phac-aspc.gc.ca  This Canadian federal agency publishes Canadian Health Network/Réseau canadien www.canadian-healthde la santé, an online information service; subscription is free at www.canadian-healthnetwork.ca. The Canadian Health Network Le réseau canadien de la santé www.canadian-health-network.ca  A bilingual Canadian site that disseminates information on many health-related health-related issues. Publishes a free bi-monthly online newsletter, Healthlink. Very  Very useful site because because of the the quality and breadth of its content. Translation Bureau Bureau de la traduction www.translationbureau.gc.ca Canadian federal agency handling the translation needs of the federal departments and agencies, and of both houses of Parliament (House of Commons and Senate). Produces the terminology database Termium, available by subscription on the Internet (www.termium.com) and on CD-ROM. Publishes Language Update/L’Actualité Update/L’Actualité langagière, lang agière, a bilingual quarterly periodical on language and terminology, with some articles in Spanish. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services www.os.dhhs.gov  The home page lists the major areas covered by this department and facilitates the consultation and search activities. The Reference Collections section contains many reference reference documents, including a dozen dictionaries and glossaries. In English only. only.

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World Health Organization Organisation mondiale de la Santé www.who.int  The WHO website contains lots of information on health-related health-related issues in the world. It is offered in six languages: English, French, Spanish, Chinese, Russian and Arabic. Many documents are available at no cost online. Its leading publication, the yearly “World Health Report”, gives an overview of global health, while focussing each year on a different specific topic.

Laws and Regulations  The following sites give free access to the laws and regulations of a country or province.  The Canadian sites are bilingual (English / French).

Canada http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/index.html  The major legislative documents in the health area are the Food and Drugs Act, the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, the Canada Health Act, and their respective Regulations. Manitoba www.gov.mb.ca/chc/statpub/free/index.html New Brunswick www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/acts-e.asp Ontario www.lois-en-ligne.gouv.on.ca Québec www.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca France http://droit.org http://admi.net/jo/index.phtml  These two sites give access to all major French and European legislative documents. Some of the content is also in English and German. United States www.lawsource.com/also/index.htm  The major legislative documents in the health area are the Food, Drug and Cosmetic  Act, and the Controlled Substances Act. This massive massive website website gives gives access access to to all major legislative bodies and documents in the U.S., Canada and Mexico.

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Pharmaceutical Companies  The following are websites of pharmaceutical pharmaceutical companies, members of the Rx&D association, that have a translation department in Canada. These sites contain many links, including with pharmaceutical companies outside of Canada. In many cases, they give free access to their product monographs. monographs. Most of the sites are bilingual (English and French).

 Abbott Laboratories, Limited www.abbott.ca  AstraZeneca www.astrazeneca.ca Bayer Inc. www.bayerhealth.com Berlex Canada inc. www.berlex.ca Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd. www.boehringer-ingelheim.ca Bristol-Myers Squibb Company www.bms.com Eli Lilly Canada Inc. www.lilly.ca GlaxoSmithKline www.gsk.ca Hoffmann-La Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. www.rochecanada.com Janssen-Ortho Inc. www.janssen-ortho.com Merck Frosst Canada www.merckfrosst.ca Pfizer Canada Inc. www.pfizer.ca Sanofi-Aventis Pharma Inc. www.sanofi-aventis.ca Schering Canada Inc. www.sch-plough.com Wyeth Canada Inc. www.wyeth.com

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Periodicals on Translation L’Actualité langagière / Language Update (formerly L’Actualité terminologique/Terminology Update) www.bureaudela www .bureaudelatraduction.gc.c traduction.gc.ca/pwgsc_internet/fr/outils_ a/pwgsc_internet/fr/outils_tools/act_upd_f.htm tools/act_upd_f.htm  This quarterly quarterly publication publication of the Translation Translation Bureau Bureau of the Canadian federal government contains articles on various language and terminology issues, in English, French and Spanish. A few sample articles are available online. Babel www.benjamins.com/cgi-b www .benjamins.com/cgi-bin/welcome.cgi in/welcome.cgi Published by the International Federation of Translators, this scholarly journal contains various articles on the profession of translator. translator. This site lists the articles published since 2000. Abstracts are available free of charge. Full texts can be purchased. Circuit www.ottiaq.org  This monthly monthly magazine, magazine, published published by the Ordre Ordre des traducte traducteurs, urs, terminolo terminologues gues et interprètes agréés du Québec, has twice won the International Federation of Translators prize for the best national publication on translation. It has published a special issue on medical translation (no. 74, Winter W inter 2002). Some recent articles are accessible online. Meta www.erudit.org/revue/meta Started in 1955, this internationally known journal has published three special issues on medical translation (1974, 1986 and 2001) and numerous other articles on this topic.  All the articles published between 1966 and 2002 are accessible at no charge on the site www.erudit.org. The ATA Chronicle www.atanet.org Monthly magazine of the American Translators Translators Association. Regularly publishes articles in the area of health care. On average, one issue a year (generally August) focusses on medical translation and interpretation. Many articles contain useful references and bibliographies. Good source of information for this specialized field in the U.S. Members have access to the issues from 2000. Non-members can see the list of  articles for each issue since 1998, as well as dictionary reviews from 1994 to 2001. Traduire www.sft.fr/presentation/Traduire.htm Quarterly journal of the Société Française des Traducteurs. Occasionally publishes articles on medical translation. The table of contents of recent issues is available online. TTR : traduction, terminologie, rédaction www.erudit.org/revue/ttr  This translation studies journal is published by the Canadian Association Association for Translation Translation Studies. French and English are the languages of publication. Recent issues are accessible free of charge online.

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Miscellaneous CAPHIS http://caphis.mlanet.org/resour http://caphis.mlanet.org/resources/CHISspa ces/CHISspanish.html nish.html  This website offers many links for consumer health information in Spanish. emedicine www.emedicine.com  This extensive online journal, based in Omaha, Nebraska, Nebraska, covers a lot of ground, including news headlines, CME (numerous courses offered online), textbooks, clinical database, consumer information, newsletters, etc. Part of the content is free. Google www.google.ca www.google.com www.google.es www.google.fr One of the most useful search engines to find websites, to check the usage of certain words or expressions, etc. The “About Google” section contains tips to use this tool.  The new Search function allows a quick search in your own files and emails. Guide de recherche d’informations médicales pour professionnels de santé www.atoute.org/medecine_pro.htm Includes an Internet lexicon for beginners, several online medical dictionaries (biology, biochemistry, cancer), statistics, forums, a humour section, etc. In French only. Internet Resources for Translators Translators www.deraaij.com/irt Website developed and maintained by Michelle de Raaij, an English/Dutch freelance translator. Contains links with many dictionaries and other reference books. Has a “Tools” section on various software. Lost in Babel www.webpersonal.net/dmarques/resources/trad6.htm  This website is mostly a series of links, organized by categories (Dictionaries,  Terminology  Terminology,, Language, Documentation, etc.). It is maintained by a freelance Spanish translator, Diana Marqués. Medical Desk Reference http://webapps.jhu.edu/jhuniverse/medici http://webapps.jhu.edu/jhuniverse/medicine/diseases/  ne/diseases/   This website from the Johns Hopkins University gives gives a comprehensive comprehensive list of diseases, diseases, with links to related information. Medical Resources http://useekufind.com/medres.htm  This impressive impressive site site contains links with many other useful sites (Merck Manual, Doctor’ Doctor’ss Guide, The Doctor’s Page, etc.). It also allows access to several English or multilingual medical dictionaries. Pharmahorizons www.pharmahorizons.com  This bilingual website dedicated to career opportunities in life sciences contains many interesting sections on jobs, training, news, and the industry in general. Réseaux et systèmes d’information santé au service des professionnels www.caducee.net/default.asp French site that contains links with 16,000 sites in the medical field. Maintained by the  Association pour la recherche sur le cancer in France. 34

Science Direct www.sciencedirect.com Described as the “world’s largest electronic collection of science, technology and medicine full text and bibliographic information.” Gives access to 1,800 periodicals online, in different different languages. Includes many medical journals in French. The Linguist List http://linguistlist.org/sp/Dict.html  This East Michigan University / Wayne State University site contains links with many unilingual, bilingual and multilingual dictionaries in various specialties and languages. It also includes sections for jobs, courses, computer tools, publications, etc. The Med School 100 www.legaled.com/medschool100.htm  This website lists the 100 best medical schools in the U.S. Traducteurs spécialisés dans le domaine Médecine / Équipements médicaux www.medizin.li/medicalwww .medizin.li/medical-translation translation German site that includes a multilingual directory of translators specializing in medicine and medical equipment. There is also a long list of companies offering services or products in these areas. The content is mostly in German and English. University of Manitoba Health Sciences Libraries www.umanitoba.ca/libr www .umanitoba.ca/libraries/units/health/inte aries/units/health/internet rnet  A long list of health topics provides provides links to to numerous websites. websites. Includes an interesting interesting section called “Evaluating health web sites”. Many university health sciences libraries offer the same type of information.

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Study Programs  The following books contain information about translation studies programs in the U.S. and Canada. CHAMPE, Gertrude Graubart. editor. Programs in Translation Studies. American Translators  Association, Alexandria, VA, 2002. 174 p. www.atanet.org Collection of articles written by about 20 members of the ATA. The authors were hoping to give “a broad panorama of the possibilities existing within the discipline of Translation Studies and a pragmatic guide to realizing some of them.” They have succeeded. This book will be of interest to translators, translation students and teachers. Park’s Guide to Translating and Interpreting Programs in North America.  American  Translators Association, Alexandria, VA, 2003. 200 p. www.atanet.org  This guide was named after Dr. William M. Park, who produced the earlier versions; it gives detailed lists of university and college programs in translation and interpretation, in alphabetical order, by languages, by location, by type, etc. SOFER, Morry. The Translator’s Handbook. Fifth Revised Edition. Schreiber Publishing, Inc., Rockville, MD, 2004. 406 p. www.schreiberpublishing.com  Appendix 5 lists translation courses and programs in the United States and Canada, by state and province. It gives contact information and details of programs.  The website of the Canadian Association of Schools of Translation / Association canadienne des écoles de traduction lists Canadian universities and colleges offering translation programs, and gives details about each program. www.uottawa.ca/associations/acet/index.htm

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Bookstores and Publishers It has become extremely easy to buy reference documents in various specialties, languages, and formats. There are many bookstores, publishers and organizations in the world that accept online orders. Here are some of them.

 Advanced Book Exchange www.abebooks.com International network of over 13,000 booksellers from Canada, the United States, Great Britain, France, Germany, Australia, etc. Very useful for finding out-of-print books. Includes many books in French and Spanish.  Alibris www.alibris.com  Another international network of bookstores. Offers fewer books in French. Prices are generally higher than those of Abebooks.  American Pharmacist Association www.pharmacist.com  A wide range of pharmaceutical and other medical reference books can be ordered through the store of this organization. Elsevier  www.elsevier.ca www.elsevierhealth.com www.elsevier.es www.elsevier.fr www.elsevieriberoamerica.com Elsevier, with offices in Canada, the United States, Europe, South America and elsewhere, publishes many books, dictionaries and periodicals in the areas of health care, medicine, dentistry, nursing, veterinary, etc. La Maison du Dictionnaire www.dicoland.com  This Paris-based bookstore offers many books and dictionaries in several languages and many disciplines, including medicine. This website is accessible in French, English, German, Spanish and Italian. Librairie de l’Université de Montréal www.libraire.umontreal.ca  This imposing university online bookstore includes a Medicine component, which offers thousands of titles in this field, mostly in French and English. The prices are often better than those of other similar organizations. Login Canada www.lb.ca  The “premier book distributor of health sciences and scientific/ technical books and electronic products in Canada” is based in Winnipeg, Manitoba, with a second warehouse in Mississauga, Ontario. It offers thousands of reference documents in medicine, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry, veterinary medicine, allied health, psychology, and a broad range of other topics.

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Masson, Éditeur médical et paramédical www.masson.fr Masson, a publishing house that started in 1804 and is based in France, claims to be the leading medical and paramedical French publisher. It offers many books, textbooks, dictionaries and periodicals in several languages and formats on various medical specialties and diseases, especially in the series “Abrégés.” Pharmaceutical Press www.pharmpress.com www.medicinescomplete.com  The publicat publications ions division division of of the Royal Pharmaceutica Pharmaceuticall Society Society of Great Great Britain Britain “produces “produces books, journals and related digital products on pharmacy, the pharmaceutical sciences and other related disciplines.” The “medicinescomplete” website offers online access to many medical reference books, on subscription. A free trial is also offered. Schreiber Publishing, Inc. www.schreiberpublishing.com Schreiber has published a number of books on languages and translation, among others. The Translator’s Handbook, the Dictionary of Medicine by Djordjevic and the series Translator Self-Training Programs are especially well known. Somabec www.somabec.qc.ca  This agency, agency, based in Saint-Hyacinthe near Montreal, distributes a wide range of  dictionaries and reference books in many different specialties.

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Feedback In order to determine the usefulness of this tool box and to make any required changes, the author would appreciate receiving your honest feedback. Please send your comments, suggestions, corrections, etc., by mail, e-mail or fax. Have you found this tool box useful for your work? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Should this tool box continue to focus on the North American market, or should it be limited to the Canadian or American market in separate editions? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ What sections have you found particularly useful? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ What other sections would you like to see? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ What other specific resources do you think should be included? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Other comments ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________  Thank you for your feedback.  Alain Côté Janssen-Ortho Inc. 19 Green Belt Drive  Toronto, Canada M3C 1L9 [email protected] Fax: 416-449-2658  Tel: 416-382-5223

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8

 Alain Côté

is Director, Linguistic Services, at Janssen-Ortho Inc., a

member of the Johnson & Johnson family of companies. He holds a BA in French and a BA in Business Administration. He has translated documents in French for the Translation Bureau of the Government of Canada, a major translation firm and now a pharmaceutical company in Toronto. He is a certified translator of the Association of Translators and Interpreters of  Ontario and an associate member of the American Translators Association. He is a member of the Translation Group – Rx&D, which brings together the translators of Canadian brand-name pharmaceutical companies. He can be reached at [email protected].

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