TM 9-3305
Short Description
Principles of Artillery Weapons, United States Army, May 1981, TM 9-3305...
Description
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TM 93305 TEHNL NUL
PRNCPLES OF ARTLLERY WEAPONS
QRRS PR OF R MY 1981
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NGERRORS ND REOMME MPROVEME You c elp mproe t manual yo n ay itke or i yo k now of a wa iove he ede lease e k now Mail yo l te DA Fom 2028 ( c ommedd Cans o b c aon an Blak om) or D or 20282 ated te bk o ti manual t : Comner, Army · mamen Maeriel Readne om dAN: DA-MAkIsad, IL 6199 rwll be fud you Pra Page PR O, G
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PRT R GUIE MISIL SYSTEMS
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APPENDIX
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PART ONE GENERAL CHAPTER
INTRODUCTON
if u u l h o at "n . It ds o te nd p�c1le� ud he nc to g o ent feld arti e ry wns; it ds no a mp dscss he des opeang pocd h dfferentiaone el wn om ahe. Geneal eeen de sp ic els ve oveall pc o d veopet o eld aey fom h ancent ba&
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te d mssl. b Secic noaon ao ammiton ITM 431-28) s no ni hs ual How· ee, omaon aou anon pant deveont o p wns as bn i· luded
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M. S gd �. ssle md m e famy o eld atle wea tey so sced n s mual
The appndx cons a s o r rfrs g o ld ay wepo Dtie omaton ao oaton an d � of specc weapons can e o· _ m o appble l nul ID Pa 04
9-3305
CHAPTER2 HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT o GENEL
2 Prow a. A hs ha a of devopmnt for ov 000
a Bef the venion o gpowde the we o tpes of ae
() These mhana es pow rd by w ops f ar hde o wre dnd to tro hea sones or combusble rial Le md fed uns the ballsta sht an ctly ow the eny
Ct h aaplt (fig ·1) the how· i morr of i dy uld to a pun sne 600 yas in a hgh
Pmie U od o n· a. The Arabian mdfaa was non bught to W ctn ts sl rke sd n po on the muze end untl ng of the arg sse it he gal on o the eny.
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b Ah prive cannon t a nao nek n mouth f n ion up 700 rd. The shf of the as wrappd i e· to ft hy no the of the anon A · hot ut trgh a vt d the pplg ag The botte shp of the weapon pehps uggtd the pt de fe on jug), gven ealy on. As the annon deveo the na rw c pbaby as elrgd untl the "bottle e a stht tube
mthbre Cnons. a he ay arst's cnpt of wa that a pojctile traled a sraht lne un t ene was snt hn the prje roppd the gt he cred pat h of poc e movng t th a as not nsded in e desgn of the ly w h re beyon pontbank an the gn as nevr re of httg e rge.
Fgre 1 atput
b In the th an 2 h cntui the Geks use a msiton n as rk Fre. It poba by n of phphos fats an os and as ued et fre en ships o bld· In use an effc Gr i was pobably s t ele e.
b.ya From the eans lest u of smhboe. untl about 300, Te de by castng the tube aound a As caons evov, they e cast ld nd the b iproing the ty of the p One of the lst o uss of sh a wan at of an atak on eve Spa 47.
22 he o r Athough mny sors have bn o abt the venon of unpowe , cn t ry belev that it wa vene eay in the 1 w Eop rho Schw a Ge mon a Ro Baon an nh ar bo it th nventg gnwe
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9305 D the Hunded Y' W (399 1453) nos sm ito gnal use. T ey rn o s·bronze p wee v sml nd d, ro o sne balls. The s w ld d ly on he gound with th mzzes eead by moun up the Cmome and ciet thy plyd tte part battle but we quie ueul a ege
Mohammed I of ky ud one weapn conquest of Cotope 453 hs Ts wpon weighed 19 tons nd usd gpwer t hul a 6pund sne ven tms a day. e usefu of the wpon was dud beaue t k 60 oen and 00 men to mo t he wpn was re le hwee for deoyng te cy wals whch d sufully ssd a acks by ohe weapons fo mo tan 1000 ys.
d
C Mt The st no wee plad on wa o s fo spot Thes y 22) suppored he caon at the ene of bl a d at the Ajustmes eleation mde by a wedge und the bh To mov t ws nessary move e ere the ig. Lge wh hep move he wpon vr
he profra. a moderae amount wponTe jump aabsed hp tvs t pie
. Bomds we ve l wps wth baes mde of saves nd wee hped like a rl fm wich they gt hr me. Te gupw d ed was weak and bl pesss we low frequetly bst but ee so,
At te beof the 5 entuy cat on lls w i usd. The rter efciency of the ron and the impovements gnpowd enged the b of s ad s gun Befe 1500 the gn d n th p ot wepn. Forge·on caon f ed gaison and nvl sece d ten cstin ad cast·bronze gns were steady deveop ughout the 500's premen we made n hnng he enomos wghts of the s a proectles as well as betr ways move the arey. An sed kowlg gpow d and mpement s eld the pat bombds with ghe canns n the . 6th
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g. Untl abut 00 ag ns we simpy ste ey d a cst b, a wedge elevatg mecasm d crde whee and g The wpons we by ti gunpwd th a lve fe o mah at the ouch hole at the brh As the caos prv the wee of ded sie and st n one p of c ron or cast broze Thec tros on the un mde laion nd trnspr asi
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b Mobe rtile ame on the ed wth th a dug the Huse W of Bohe (14181424) T h her pve eld alery by usg g gn ed by hoses is of oxen. The maeueable Frnch gs pred be an en mns fo b up hv mas pk I of he eay 150s. The G, d Maxn I, hweve e t eade hip away om the ch wih gus tht rad 1500 yds and wth who ad ae epu on o be he st es Eo of Joh
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c nd the y 525 the Spsh que of heavi pkme d muske n t o te the batd. n e e of muke , fd till dlin Athuh atry hd aeved some mobity ages sil ersome. To move a heay non oe 23 hoses. uion ws CB n webrows ad c o a mans The ur's pace ws ms of the til spee Lakin efciet mob we pted d rp th evy swp of th bte
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9-3305
d. Und the Swdsh wao Gustas d olphus ben ke its e pstion on the btefild in the 17th ntu He nae the rapity o by combnn the powder hre a the pojte nto a sngl cart dong away with the od met h o dln powder into the gn. the n for mobe wa he mde o pis whh ould be moved by two hor and sed by th men. n the pst one n or 1000 fantrymen had stndrd; Gustvs brought the ratio sx cannons pr 100
e. Throghout the 8th entu a vy clmsy nd btes were y d c by nfanty and caal bout 1750 Fder e devel i K o Pruss, su the fst ght atill u durig the evn Years' Wr (16-16. He used arill tht was ght and mobe enough aom the amy and be edly mneuvd on th battled. The gradua destction of hs eran inanty made with ln moremovement heviy on rll To keep ae va he delope a horse tery tht med rapidly alon wth the aal Hs fild e had ollght g and
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Cnnn a. Sriht r ws pled sma arms as eary as 148 0. Dng the 00 s staht g· n o musket bores ws de exesi vey if pbably evove om th ary obation o ehers on an ow and fm the praccl ests of utting hames in a muset to duce fouling. Then it was ound tht fln lso imprved he ac uray of a shot
b ary ano w not mde aatey: thr acccy o was cpninly low. The weapns coul not b made betr than the ls whch pdud them and d machner capable o born ano was not mde unti 10 Athouh in had aeady been appied smal ams ma o the nessy accucy apply fln ons was not avable until about a tuy ltr. In 184 Major Cael in Iy and Ban Wandorf y dependently pdud on bh·oang anns. The al view A, ) bd wo sp ves which the 14h pjcting ug of a ong projetie About the sme a ritish idusst J ph Whtwth deopd the hea hexgona bore wen ew ) Ths wan ws one o ma ud dug the mrican l Wa 81 86) t was an efcent pece thgh subect to esy foug whh mde i nous.
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Cvl Wa wth th· d T muzze d ded wth fld mzzle ades ( 24) When th wpn w t w pt, smthe ns we th s T R gun a eamp f a wpn cnved m a smh i Devepe y Captan T J R (Unt Sat Amy e) the md-180's th smthe wapn was cast und a wae· c Its n n was slded st ad we mpes y nacnf the u metal as t c m slwy By t hd mh gea seg t sst expsn f the hage The R smhe cnnon st 6 ad aes was the t ast· n f i tm D ad the the Onh R C Wa, a ume smh cannn we te 8-h by the be ad n t ng a oed s u
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hJ nn w made Jess thn a ntuy ag The w se adg anns ea g ut y sanads nt sats and t the fs f b dg ans
nd f hadng was eb ng andg wthut epng he he T he luio f th bhg m dep n dng a tht wld e pt s wth the T was ampsh y usg ass) as the no e mp ndg aests ad seas nes The ft cnon that al f the ftues nw n se was he Fe nh 75 5) Ths 75mm me f 89 u c nin and had igt, a g mas ad a manm t was the f f ames n Wd W 949
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o . VLOPNT O UNT STATS CANNONARTLLRY
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Moi ry Th of Frch 75 1897 s u a eses a of d ns. Many w md · 7, 6 an8 cabs th varous rg and nts. Litt m was avaabe howev, aufate gns for upo n W W I n for su 197 weapos wee adoped for whic poton faciii xit T foUoin w adod th Fors:
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Dt W W I btwn Wld Wa I roght t litte i prcion o new ed t wes W of World Wa II. hee was a n r eld il wns d r of w
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o wee b. M ighway and ighsd tcks rogt aout te mt of rtlly wa ons that d b ow t aivy gh s W t uthe deet of te af World Wa I, ail wns w tat ld tael sy o ough and t gt t devepment of a large nbr w w lWpn
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elopment Snc h Ko Cct. Wapons dopd sinc h Kor c n · ud ow w s wh a 400-m avs wpons wh an xnd cby Fo mny ys, l d lry wap ons w mond on onv hss A o sf wapos os a nw famy o sf-pd wpo was · sss w sgd spc f wons
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a Th wd wapons a as oows:
() Howz (a M08 05 -mm -p gh how g 23
bl M109 15mm spop mm how (g 2·34) (c) M109A 55·mm pd md· um ho (g 2·35) d MO 8nh popd ha how (g 236
MI02 105mm ow gh howr (g 2·30)
( M98 155·mm ow mu how Ig 231 h sfpd wapon r as oows
M0A1 8h spd hy ho 37
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M0A2 8· h s· propd hay
Il G M10 175 s-propd hv gn 232
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RR M12 5mm wd gh hor
R� gur 23 M98 15mm ow mdm how
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Sei . VLOPN O ROCKTS AN U SSLS 2-1 rly Deveen a oes. Frm the ealest tm rkets hv attrace the atnton he milary eng s, ft Asa and ler neer for wrlike p Erop.
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he Chse ue n arrow wih a rket ron dev b ttle agast te Mos as erly 122 By the e of the 13th try nwlege of rets hd tr fm the Oent to Euope.
By the g of he 1th tury rckets wee wdely know parts o E , as show in a Gma mltry re of 1406 wch evera types of rokets w mete Dring the 1th etu btho and roe wee used on the batleld auac and rang advantaes of te n over the rude kets beme aparent ad the rets wee aduay card or the next tr centurie rkes bme oblete as wp ad th use was limte t sals ad ewors splys.
{5) Ret devlopment gn agin rund 1918 dug World Wr I Du ths pid and the ys mmesely afer an Amca Dr. t drd, perfrmed the rket deveop mt wor wch was lay t fouaon of m· rckes nd ided misil. Dr. Gddard d veopd the bac dea of he aza n 98 but the weapon was not used unti World Wa ue sl.
{) The torpedo w developed duing the Cvl War ad s csse as the rt ided ms sile. By the time of World Wa I the teo was a ighy develo ad formidable wpon.
21
The acy of rkets bht about the rezton tht ome om of guda would na te ptenttie of speed and rae we be rtably . Dr. Gddad ld down the rcle o rkety tt used ay n the deveopment of gided mssle.
3) Ding the latr r of the 18th cetu· In used roet n combt agist the Bt· s The ckets chd range u t 11 m ad so successfu tht he Britsh mdat y ega develon a war cet As a r, Sir t hat reached Wlm Coreve devloped a up sevral thouad yas The Brtsh used ther re agist th Freh 8 and agast te Ameca the War of 1812
{3) Durng the 19's, much each was coductd o jets and ret by both Amern and n rket soet. he Gemans nt atd gd mile warre Aust 194, whn a British hp was hit with a rdotlle bomb lucd om a erman aplne. The Germans dd not explt hee radotle msles but istea develoe sysm for ontro l msies tht were pret boreeof Such cools were us most exclusively the ·1 ad
By 18 te use o cet as weapon iontnud Gs w stll the was practy edo nt weas of war sce the deveop s d rol mehs set a ment of ried efcy stanad wth whch rket could not cmpee
V·2 o bomard u durig nd msile the E which n Conet Worldln W II. e V siles were lunchd oth fm the nd he grud.
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Dvlp W W Alho the M11 4 mutpe rk et lunch(f )w d used II, eldl drg Wd Wr o po e t plce Wd WrII
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igure 2·39. M9 45ich mutip rke lunch.
a. ea rabert oke de soon World War II Te rock ud sod po (e nd m obles equpped wih a aucer rail gue kdrg Th and oet auchers deveop si Wo d Wr II as o
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Fgue 241 Litle John ckt launch. b. Guded s Gude ssiles were velop that ue boh lqui a sol propl· !ans The gud ssle ae equpe th he gude mssil an eln guce yste e nce Worl ar as folows:
2·2) Corpral g ssle C Lance gi ssile f 243) C3 Pshng gu e2·44 Srg g se 245 Cl
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CHPTR CLSSFCTON OF CURRNT FLD RTLLRY WPONS Sei I
NRAL
rt ed l er wepn i ude both con-ty n weapon and e Each tye o weponi d or a par· ur ue and theo a ft and aj (p ght) o
b HowtA heri a cnnonta pr wch e vaout o dumngt re at a hghae o e and a a m dum me veocy
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Me i a feeght ts mssle . Canon·Wepon Cnnon-typ w� a e e on e csa n or he tughthe e cid a a ed Somel went s t not u er weapon ve both gun and how caac terc. b dedMeA ge me ae b U A a tyh etdec wththe s ol er a tye a o b a mam wth a tacoy tht e I i hed, wth aGong whch ptpe msle jeat a ow age o nd a ahh mue md nd y a ra ty R
Sei II CURRN ILDARILLRY WAPONS
Cano-W. a M 6MM TLgh How Ig 1)Th wea came erce n te y 0' and wa exee dung ord a and t KoncnctTeMOA now n e ith the US Ar my and g repaced w e M102 Te M0A pma antry on
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y t mdl960' nd w e VtnoTe Ml02 gerp lOlAl he M102 p s t aob d.
F 3· l0 hoer 3·3) Hotz 4Al we m Fg . T wn me eie in te y 1940a w Wo Wa a th Ko ad VnotAhug nw u, th ll4Als i heue ep h tbe Ml98. Th ll4Alpy ss n· a a aob ss nd nnvsn
tht suprt tem
I Fir3·3. Ml4Al htze.
l
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w e d M1 15
M c -1970' ad repla theMl14Al. a dvs a nd oalu
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i
Ml0 10 S·Ppl Lht Ht z (Fig ).Ar com svi th ly 96, wapon au exevely i he cofct MI8 be phadtof h ac y as repla by the Ml09 Ml9Al howt r n heamordd m· dins
V
h
A F 5 Ml08 .
T9E f M1 »MM l f·PopU M How· F3 weapo n, whcc ino erv· i te ey 196', wa xniv in h Vieaflct Te 109 epl b te M19.
Fgr ·6 109 howizer
i n
g. MA 5MM l-Pr M owrFg 3·7). Tis was w u teeary 19" and wa sed h Vt h M09A1 wi ev nt yepl te M19. Th M109A1 prov a rg the 109 ae of lo ger e engh and h ail o fir h nw g 8 r g arge Tis weaponpmly i aigned to dii· od ondiional unit.
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b ·� H Hw (F 3. wp e the -190e w tsiey t Vet m lt TeM110 s pas t an b ep t MOA an M110A2. Te MO i py rps wean
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. lI ·9 ne o n V 10Al c th ·1 n et� lte llO M110A p ain iinln noni ut.
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re 9 M 11 A tzer
36
i
j. Ml07 15·MM Sef-Proped Gun Wig 3-10) weapn in the md1 's s mivy h Vi ct The n M's si nondvon Te M107 aced by he MOA or MA2
3·10 M10. 3. GuMe a. P Gue F 311 T e as og-ng mse was u epon nuer py a e ed rm y evI me i s the eay96s
Fgre3·11 Peshg gde
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A
gure 3·1 Lace gu
T 9335
PART TWO THE CANNON
CHAPTER 4 NTRODUCTON io I GENERAL 4-1 S The te "canon i defned a a a. C on ed or moble pie of suh as a gn or (1 r b howter Cann i ued to fe to ther· on f a wponequre o a pjetes sonis abt te on aan w (2 Beehmm wle tion dicuse the cannon a an ndivd ua mponentfothe weapon b. Loang a ag 4- Cmhogh the numbe and typ of omponents may v ag the r e Rl a. quementof th weapn, on entially onits of the folowg monents: Caga o
io II BARREL AEMBL
Defio The bael aemby fg-1 the beehWpons ammuti th m eat ay nit of the tube and beech ring tac dge aes do not have ga heck
bor.
e tube on sts of the ham be and
sinthe xpansionf othe as e agaist the wlls of the ha povde a ga l s for the beech rard obtuation)
C Ch hmbrs t pat of e he ene g sope (b) Cnng . tube fore d o rive e rtdge ca cae when the i the taperedportion at or near the fowadend of ammuon is laed nto te the hmr thatca the e to ener opl ud of it weaon. t onit he ga sat and the lf in the bore dung lading. slope Th bo is th 2 Be e rd yldi· i a) Ga a gas seats the apeed urfae n the a nor of the e teo tub ion the thgh the ro moves whenof fre tube t extens omwhh the focg on weapos fg unton wthout mealc th mzzle he p foin one at th e oe to cdg es. t s e p lt nsof the obtu· rea of the b alow the oang band of the pr angansm when th expand und ps·tie t be engaged adual ly by t he rilng th is expansion reates a al and by cthe potle th e b. v the eap gas of h e of
o
;
BREECH RECES
, _
RIFL
BORE
COUNERBOE
UBE CEERNGCYLINDER GAS CHECK SEA FORCNG CONE CEERING LOPE 6 F · aemb (cs Digitiz by
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) B The s the ig or of he r pfom the ve he rchlck.
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i
a Rflgcosis of heical go ve cu of them eof a tue n fo a extedig o the mzzl e The l ds g42) ufaces he ve
tha curre o S weapos, the reec rigIatached uy
d. The M09 a M09 howzers heds o e ch hae teped
rg e sepa· d . tu ad ratedy ot he tue o ly 1/4
4-4. b TuCosuo The mool e i fom ed iepece y g g. The tu de om alloy l t wh ad Fe42. Lad d gr dricl hpe s y a hgh thhot-fog a cyl h the pessreps hole isrd thru the ou ufa rughu d the s b Te purpose of rfl i mp the acheTe tue i he suj oe o e otio y ee stality othof te folog p r: lh. The proe le f ) d w
of mel, a Ht Tr t I the hea te pr tig he ore of the lghly tue. As larger proetieis thad empea forc tough etho y popella h e sel tue ue hh tur aooled o quehed i oilad . ld uhough he og git This p e g otthe mo dele com form tothe ro o o the a d tioof proprtes, e seth duigthe pr oectle o.The mel fo h oughes ec. rt d the prvet ee of fo g pa he proecle thus b uofrette (srs) thi po oio. st ed eyod t he e of the tue eltc (eyd the stes duc edy he highet chg e ed). T two metho ROTTINGB of auofretta.
g
g
i
1 Sw e The tue wa d pe y fo a ldrcshp hrou h the ue
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C The clier a ono a mr ot ludg he depth of he dime of the r ch or he The l e t ch = 254 t.
iu 4 Prj e t rt ad
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l
most n t ed l ey tes have nfom st f 44 s wth a htof te tue te e fom bh end . Wt the es te hto co the tst, te d o the tst s connt om n of te o the m zze. Th e st o · fn ca b xpessd n of he mof bes of t h the ooe ompe ne tu.
a Cn oe ( 4 asmbymay be mn ho he na b o a cade n hh td d d oteo R yd on the cade od te bh uat te o of theb by an t t the t otoA ude key ftdn te ey ay o h e cade yoepeent te as by om the ade.The na
mnn the ba ssemby s showt no te o an the 09/109A B A by oThe th b 4A mtods fomnta e asmby a ze. en boe c sde a acade an segh
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ts
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9
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ow tugh te br ad of muzzl.
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ojectle leves t (2) Oan As muze the gh· vlocity gases strke o C ( ·11 d deeed n A muzze brk g·1 40s a te mzlerke a mon on he mu z of a te. wad sideways the atmsr he a forwad frc , tro h w te st the bafes,te ases t It as a cetrly brd ho oe and on o more ba. · Th t bas that y cotets d of o a muzzl brke s rd the ds the fo ore f M9/M09A owtz ch M98 hwzr d M110A2 hwie d wiha mzl brake. b MB
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Se III BREECH MECHISM 49. GTebrh man sm th up 410 B Th bhbk th i n f ds thatns nd cs hbcf p f th bch chasm t isay f ammun th und tion, and pr s a as a ha p f sttht vs n f nd hus f h g 412 and a The bchsm f nsss f th fwn: mhsm Th a yp brh k-thepd-w and s. th a Bk. and np Bb(F 4·14) bh.
b BrOa M Thsac th bhblk
o ann that Ths tp f e b s usd mmn. separaoa
1) thad f k nmb f t n h s d n n thads f th t ses ut away (f 4·14 a t, f th bhb su d. Ob In wapn n aaa· n n ths pvds a as fa add and s pan stdSm y t thads f th b a away ps hdd osf th BEEH h brhbk n b a nrt th OPETING bh , w th th dd t f th MEHNISM bhbk sdn t n bank s f bch th abh hd u reess Wand sma bchbck s f and th bchbkk If thhad w nt ut awa th bhb wud q sa s T tp f n ptd bchbc s d th M/MAw and thM8 h
fs t und Mnsm Ti
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T sppd-had n ptd blk (ig H5 is a mdca on of tpw bcbk T bh nd bh blc cut wth a of s Whn bhblk n nd n h b tching ctons s of sd ngg Ls oon c h b and s a t
ss
Th stepped· holdng s u iupw bch s on d
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F 17 Vsldng-wdg bchck
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a Figu o 18 show e ton of he sldinwdg brhblock a n vew th brchblock i uin d the non i redy o rv
The s puhdn e b h lmost a sd piio as sho iew in vB COM UN
Wth the a o of a mehihe t beechb ok the b ld dg fa v) Th bve brhbl fcs e roun into p ti n chamb The wdn ao bh blk and the brh in l he tu.
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e e eds a cosn 11. eOag m. Thee the th for or opatng s primaly eso ac angm is dign tuat the bchblk. The r and sdin toica wedge the two tps of b aig () ua a Th chaisms. ndl o tis typ brh tg s a C Bh m The fig 9) acuaes the o at hansm e bblkr l br opratng mhnsm s · nos th neupdce out f s sn the bh n ba eblks. The embl the brbl, iae aid , wi i s ium-and at he side sohat t t sins th bhbok bhon some m The r that have ag an chy reh· horizolly. a m fr ta the bhblck bls a er thds bh for gagng foeinngt of e
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position wtsfey an apidy. ogh on h he bh bck n usfa o ee a hozon positon an unc te te fuopn cse postion hete bhblok he oping hane is h ue o mhansm is y vuabl h he ane sg the cier an bhb loc o.o on is eeva cu sn snhe e pat hle sue t sg he r bhbc a nst t y an ong i gent n bchboc to e itin. Raisg he y The erbance mchnsm is essna a oa ha e he uht posio ots ye, psn psn an min spin o he The the c te bchblc iti on. min n holsthe bh A ounterbalance mehanism bk the open c pton some ap ons fig poi ining te beec bo intohe t an c
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F 420Couneba m m
u pea he i o the opeatin an n his p of brc h per 2 actte the oa aig mhism (fig hnsm of the bhb r ss the bh the bhbo o of it recss o oa the st ounhe b h must pne Aff ch oun te brh is au mualy. du oeeoL mtcy oe
A F 1. Semumc brh opein mehaism
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swing o Mul oprat (viw 422) blk s b y ping (b) Cg h e(i C) Wh th pun o th o nd d tl t ptng bhbok hld th on opat hdl on ng an ggd n h c d c T ot ckp n cdl han g spngs sd opat th k d tnon o o th bh th ca p unt t p 2 oac opon vi w Dgoun ot pius n df th n cd th c oovs onh t udsd of thcdl on of th on pDs s pg . con mo vs btty, t an aui ng tbchbo r t n fc bhbok d , nd k ovs on th oan cn th oatng ak o Ts tat th
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b SUg e ang M· usm Th h oprati s fo hoi· tl a slng-wdg bblks anuort siiar opaon.
k us oatvat oon oth bhbo a ha s or trcti g ng
( ) fot a to ot owd h hblok bvl ad as th b is clod, o t d bl antacs th ba a it i th cha.Wn th b h s is oply o th pa a is lck i th osion by a ah o eig atd n uppr rht
xtacto ( U H sldgw b oa 424)s d hozntl sdg-wdg th botto th e g brc mm As tho ch is u m br h ath nis s orad i by abok o opang hdl. t bhblokr th at aut t n th bh utl t l dox n ao is a rss rot o th o th Wh th orati lcha od th it th w g 4·21 Whn th bh dg bok hoony h by opngo th x ar h is th o th a g s shply th bh( A, ifg 4·23. tby trcti r caso (w) th c th b) Atr a ound s b, th e blks bak t th ri hth o an dl s uly OPERNG
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T 935
BREH RING
BREECLK
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W a d u f ul . g i t th bh W th e he brh c h o bhbk is mltl the hadeges a by a h i he otig so uahed b he xtrars
CARRGE CASE A CLOSED BREH
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V a era fig 426 he vertial sege sm soab the o � otg m
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lds he c l sing thebrehblk oaig a shaft The ofithe dwward The extat he esn meham he to lk he bbblock he oe so.
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B CLS PSIION sgwbr gre 4·. Vrl oeraig mehais
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s Fg M Oe 412 M. The h te ad uo p T cus u ayad tes h sets he e whch tes thpee fucf he Ths saee eses e has chge f au i Cu d lws have a ercss h· st o excep a he fe The
a by a yad The aM3 s he c s a c y as g p uou M3 s·u g has u. whch st kes the p a ru.The ou ss g hs 1) M1 has(g efere p a ss-m used as he k, r ws: o e MIA hoz ad us
SER SPRNG
FRNG P HOER SLE
FRNG P
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FIRING PIN HOWER SLE
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FRG P HLD FRG P
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413 tuator Obon t ven L Obtt. h ds d psg of ga th o bh Tp1 atl wveaves ad ghmp w b ic f a wdaft tu ! of oba
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