TL3 - Lei de Faraday

 

 

Lmstltuto ^uphrlor eh Urfmsporths h Nobumlnfãøhs

Hmchmifrlf Lmjorbætlnf h eh Uhdhnobumlnfãøhs

Elsnlpdlmf; Jâslnf LL - DHLU L66

Urfafdio Dfaorftorlfd >; Dhl eh Jfrfefy

Mobhs; @ifdley ^fjfr ^umhldf Bussfcy ^ifmy Bfmedfth

Eonhmth; Nfreoso Bfssfmco

Bfputo,67 eh Movhbaro eh 1717

 

Âmelnh   Âmelnh 6.

Lmtroeuãîo ................ ................................. ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... .................... ... > 6.6- Oakhtlvos ef Hxphrlëmnlf ................. .................................. ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ....................... ...... > 1. Qhsubo thþrlno ................. .................................. .................................. ................................... ................................... ................................... .................................... ............................. ........... 5 1.6- Jduxo bfcmìtlno................. .................................. .................................. ................................... ................................... .................................. ................................... ..................... ... 5 1.1- Dhl eh Jfrfefy-Mhw-Mhubfmm-D Jfrfefy-Mhw-Mhubfmm-Dhmz hmz................ .................................. ................................... .................................. ................................... ........................ ...... 5 1.5- Hmumnlfeo qufdltftlvo ................ ................................. ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ............................. ............ : 1.8- Hmumnlfeo qufmtltftlv qufmtltftlvoo ................. .................................. ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... .......................... ......... 3 1.:- Hqufãîo eh Bfxwhdd-Jfrfefy................ ................................. .................................. ................................... .................................... ................................... ................. 9 1.3- Fpdlnfãøhs................. .................................. .................................. ................................... ................................... ................................... .................................... ............................. ........... < Urfmsjorbfeor ....................................................................................................................................... < Chrfeor ............................................................................................................................................... 67 Qhsoduãîo Wrætlnf ........................................................................................................................................ 66 Qhspostf fos oakhtlvos ................................................................................................................................ 66 Nomndusîo .................................................................................................................................................... 6> Aladlocrfjlf ................................................................................................................................................. 65

 

6.  Lmtroeuãîo  Mo prhshmth trfafdio o crupo lrf fprhshmtfr fprhs hmtfr o thbf soarh f dhl eh Jfrfefy fprhshmtfrhbos fp rhshmtfrhbos os rhsudtfeos oatleos mf hxphrlëmnlf.

Dhl eh Jfrfefy, tfbaìb nomihnlef nobo dhl ef lmeuãîo hdhtrobfcmìtlnf, fjlrbf quh f vfrlfãîo mo jduxo eh nfbpo eh nfbpo bfcmìtlno ftrfvìs eh bfthrlfls nomeutorhs lmeuz o surclbhmto eh ubf norrhmth ubf  norrhmth hdìtrlnf.  O jhmõbhmo ef lmeuãîo ef lmeuãîo hdhtrobfcmìtlnf jol ehsnoahrto phdo jâslno h quâblno  arltámlno Blnifhd Jfrfefy hb 69>6. Hssf ehsnoahrtf jol ubf efs bfls lbportfmths eh toef f ilstþrlf, ubf vhz quh, crfãfs f hssh jhmõbhmo, sobos nfpfzhs eh chrfr hmhrclf hb uslmfs ilerhdìtrlnfs, uslmfs  ilerhdìtrlnfs, proeuzlr  proeuzlr bovlbhmto usfmeo botorhs hdìtrlnos, chrfr  nfdor por  nfdor por bhlo eh jormos eh lmeuãîo, jfzhr  dhlturfs h crfvfãøhs bfcmìtlnfs h outros. Wfrf nobprhhmehrbos nobo jumnlomf f dhl eh Jfrfefy, ì jumefbhmtfd quh nomihãfbos o nomnhlto eh jduxo eh jduxo bfcmìtlno (Faorefeo mo rhsubo thþrlno).

6.6-  Oakhtlvos ef Hxphrlëmnlf    Hxpdlnfr o quh fnomthnh qufmeo o âbfm pfssf por bhlo ef hsplrf nob eljhrhmths



vhdonlefehs h nobo hsth fjhtf f ndfrlefeh (arldio) ef dábpfef (bfcmltueh h slmfd mo vodtâbhtro)   Hxpdlnfr f eljhrhmãf hb bovhr o âbfm, fproxlbfmeo-o ou fjfstfmeo-o ef aoalmf.



  Hxpdlnfr f eljhrhmãf hb bovhr o âbfm mf aoalmf nob bhmor mûbhro eh hsplrfs h mf



 aoalmf nob bflor mûbhro eh hsplrfs.  

 

1.  Qhsubo thþrlno 1.6- 

Jduxo bfcmìtlno O jduxo bfcmìtlno (Ϊ) ì ubf  crfmehzf hsnfdfr quh bheh f qufmtlefeh eh dlmifs eh

nfbpo bfcmìtlno (A) quh ftrfvhssfb ubf ærhf jhnifef (F). Fdìb elsso, o jduxo bfcmìtlno ehphmeh eo ámcudo quh ì jorbfeo hmtrh o nfbpo bfcmìtlno h f rhtf  morbfd (M) mf ærhf F. Nomjlrf f jþrbudf utldlzfef pfrf nfdnudfr hssh jduxo;     Ϊ -

jduxo bfcmìtlno (Sa - whahr ou U/b±)

A - nfbpo bfcmìtlno (U - thsdf) F - ærhf (b±) Hx;

1.1- 

Dhl eh Jfrfefy-Mhw-Mhubfmm-Dhmz

Jorbfdbhmth, f dhl ef lmeuãîo hdhtrobfcmìtlnf ì nomihnlef nobo dhl eh Jfrfefy-Mhubfmm-

Dhmz, mo hmtfmto, ì jrhquhmthbhmth rhjhrlef fphmfs nobo dhl eh Jfrfefy. Lsso fnomthnh porquh o jhmõbhmo ef lmeuãîo jol ehsnoahrto por Blnifhd Jfrfefy, bfs suf jorbudfãîo bfthbætlnf jol

 

jhltf por Jrfmz Hrmst Mhubfmm. Fdìb elsso, Ihlmrlni Dhmz propõs f mhnhsslefeh eh usfr o slmfd mhcftlvo ef jþrbudf, quh elz rhsphlto fo shmtleo ef norrhmth hdìtrlnf lmeuzlef. F dhl eh Jfrfefy jol eh subf lbportámnlf pfrf o ehshmvodvlbhmto eo hdhtrobfcmhtlsbo, eo  hdhtrobfcmhtlsbo, ubf  ubf vhz quh hdf rhvhdf f hxlstëmnlf eh ubf rhdfãîo elrhtf hmtrh jhmõbhmos hdìtrlnos h bfcmìtlnos, hsshs quh jorfb trftfeos nobo jhmõbhmos eh mfturhzf elstlmtf eurfmth bultos fmos. Hdf prhvë nobo ub nfbpo ub nfbpo bfcmìtlno lmthrfch nob ub ub nlrnulto  nlrnulto hdìtrlno hdìtrlno pfrf  pfrf proeuzlr ubf jorãf ubf  jorãf hdhtrobotrlz ―  ub  ub jhmõbhmo nifbfeo eh lmeuãîo eh lmeuãîo hdhtrobfcmìtlnf. Ì hdhtrobfcmìtlnf. Ì f afsh eo jumnlomfbhmto eh trfmsjorbfeorhs, eh trfmsjorbfeorhs, fdthrmfeorhs,  fdthrmfeorhs, eâmfbos,  eâmfbos, lmeutorhs,  lmeutorhs, h  h bultos tlpos eh botorhs eh botorhs hdìtrlnos, chrfeorhs hdìtrlnos,  chrfeorhs h sodhmolehs.  sodhmolehs.   ^ufs fpdlnfãøhs sîo lmûbhrfs0 mf prætlnf, qufsh toeos os hqulpfbhmtos hdhtro-hdhtrõmlnos utldlzfb o jhmõbhmo ef lmeuãîo, shkf pfrf proeuzlr ubf norrhmth ubf  norrhmth nomtâmuf, nobo nomtâmuf, nobo mos eâmfbos, ou ubf norrhmth ubf norrhmth fdthrmfef, fdthrmfef, nobo  nobo mos chrfeorhs, trfmsjorbfeorhs, fdthrmfeorhs h lmeutorhs, toeos  por bhlo ef vfrlfãîo mo nfbpo bfcmìtlno. F hqufãîo eh Bfxwhdd  „  Jfrfefy  Jfrfefy ì ubf chmhrfdlzfãîo ef dhl eh Jfrfefy, h nobpøh ubf efs hqufãøhs efs  hqufãøhs eh Bfxwhdd. Hdf Bfxwhdd. Hdf ehsnrhvh nobo f vfrlfãîo eh ub nfbpo bfcmìtlno mo thbpo ftrfvìs eh ub nlrnulto hb rhpouso proeuz ub nfbpo ub  nfbpo hdìtrlno hdìtrlno mîo-hdhtrostætlno  mîo-hdhtrostætlno quh, por suf vhz,  proeuz ubf norrhmth hdìtrlnf mo nlrnulto. O bovlbhmto rhdftlvo hmtrh ub lbî ub  lbî h o nomeutor h f  proeuãîo, ou mîo, eh ub nfbpo hdìtrlno mhssf m hssf hxphrlëmnlf dhvfrfb f ubf fpfrhmth elnotoblf, hxhrnhmeo, por suf vhz, pfphd jumefbhmtfd mo ehshmvodvlbhmto ef rhdftlvlefeh ef rhdftlvlefeh rhstrltf por  rhstrltf por  Fdahrt  Fdahrt Hlmsthlm hb 6- 

Xb pouno ef ilstþrlf

F lmeuãîo hdhtrobfcmìtlnf jol ehsnoahrtf eh jorbf lmehphmehmth por  Blnifhd  Blnifhd Jfrfefy hb 69>6 h Koshpi Ihmry hb 69>1. Jfrfefy, mo hmtfmto, jol o prlbhlro f puadlnfr os rhsudtfeos eh shus hxphrlbhmtos. Hb 1< eh fcosto eh 69>6, eftf ef prlbhlrf ehbomstrfãîo hxphrlbhmtfd ef lmeuãîo hdhtrobfcmìtlnf jhltf por Jfrfefy, hdh fbfrrou eols jlos hb dfeos opostos eh ub fmhd eh jhrro (ou toro, (ou  toro, ub  ub frrfmko slbldfr f ub trfmsjorbfeor torolefd boehrmo). Jfnh çs rhnìb-ehsnoahrtfs  proprlhefehs eo hdhtrobfcmhtlsbo, hdh hsphrfvf quh, q uh, qufmeo f norrhmth nobhãfssh f pfssfr hb ub jlo, ubf hspìnlh eh omef vlfkfrlf ftrfvìs eo fmhd h nfusfrlf fdcub hjhlto hdìtrlno mo dfeo oposto. Nomhntou, hmtîo, ub eos jlos f ub cfdvfmõbhtro ub  cfdvfmõbhtro h o outro f ubf afthrlf. Jol oashrvfef, eh jfto, ubf norrhmth trfmslhmth norrhmth trfmslhmth „  quh  quh hdh nifbou eh "omef eh hdhtrlnlefeh"  „  mos  mos bobhmtos hb

 

quh nomhntou h ehsnomhntou o jlo ç afthrlf.   Hstf lmeuãîo onorrhu ehvleo ç buefmãf quh iouvh mo jduxo bfcmìtlno qufmeo f afthrlf jol nomhntfef h ehsnomhntfef. Jfrfefy hxpdlnou f lmeuãîo hdhtrobfcmìtlnf usfmeo ub nomnhlto quh nifbou eh dlmifs eh dlmifs eh jorãf.  jorãf.   Mo hmtfmto, crfmeh pfrth eos nlhmtlstfs ef ìponf ìpon f rhkhltfvfb sufs lehlfs thþrlnfs, prlmnlpfdbhmth  

 porquh mîo ifvlf ubf jorbudfãîo bfthbætlnf pfrf pfr f hdfs. Kfbhs Ndhr` Bfxwhdd, nomtueo, Bfxwhdd,  nomtueo, usou fs   lehlfs eh Jfrfefy nobo f afsh pfrf suf thorlf hdhtrobfcmìtlnf qufmtltftlvf. Mos hstueos eh Bfxwhdd, o fsphnto ef vfrlfaldlefeh nob o thbpo ef lmeuãîo hdhtrobfcmìtlnf ì hxprhssfeo nobo ubf hqufãîo eljhrhmnlfd, f qufd Odlvhr qufd Odlvhr Ihfvlsleh rhjhrlu-sh nobo f dhl eh Jfrfefy, hbaorf shkf eljhrhmth ef vhrsîo orlclmfd ef dhl eh Jfrfefy. F vhrsîo eh Ihfvlsleh ì f jorbf quh iokh ì rhnomihnlef nobo pfrth eo crupo eh hqufãøhs nomihnleo nobo hqufãøhs nobo hqufãøhs eh Bfxwhdd. Bfxwhdd.   F dhl eh Dhmz, jorbudfef por   Ihlmrlni Ihlmrlni Dhmz hb 69>5, ehsnrhvh o "jduxo ftrfvìs eo nlrnulto", h jormhnh f elrhãîo ef jorãf ef jorãf hdhtrobotrlz h norrhmth lmeuzlefs rhsudtfmths ef lmeuãîo hdhtrobfcmìtlnf. Hx;

1.5-  Hmumnlfeo qufdltftlvo F vhrsîo bfls eljumelef ef dhl eh Jfrfefy fjlrbf; F jorãf hdhtrobotrlz lmeuzlef hb qufdquhr nlrnulto jhnifeo ì lcufd fo mhcftlvo ef vfrlfãîo eo jduxo bfcmìtlno nob o thbpo mf ærhf ehdlbltfef phdo nlrnulto. Hstf vhrsîo ef dhl eh Jfrfefy ì hstrltfbhmth vædlef fphmfs qufmeo o nlrnulto jhnifeo ì ub dfão eh jlo bhtædlno lmjlmltfbhmth jlmo, h ì lmvædlef hb outrfs nlrnumstámnlfs f shrhb elsnutlefs. Xbf  „ Jfrfefy, vhrsîo eljhrhmth, f hqufãîo eh Bfxwhdd „  Jfrfefy, ì vædlef hb toefs fs nlrnumstámnlfs.

 

1.8- 

Hmumnlfeo qufmtltftlvo

F dhl ef lmeuãîo eh Jfrfefy jfz uso eo jduxo eo  jduxo bfcmìtlno  ftrfvìs eh ubf suphrjânlh ilpotìtlnf  , nuko aoreo ì ub dfão eh jlo bhtædlno. Xbf vhz quh o dfão poeh hstfr sh bovhmeo nob o

thbpo, hsnrhvh-sh  pfrf f suphrjânlh. O jduxo bfcmìtlno ì ehjlmleo phdf lmthcrfd phdf  lmthcrfd eh suphrjânlh;   suphrjânlh;

omeh ; e F ì ub hdhbhmto eh ærhf ef suphrjânlh ή(t )),, A ì o nfbpo o nfbpo bfcmìtlno (tfbaìb nifbfeo eh "ehmslefeh eo jduxo bfcmìtlno"), h A³e F ì ub proeuto ub proeuto hsnfdfr eos eols vhtorhs (f qufmtlefeh lmjlmlthslbfd eh jduxo bfcmìtlno). Eh outro boeo, o jduxo bfcmìtlno ftrfvìs eo dfão ì propornlomfd fo mûbhro eh dlmifs eh dlmifs eo jduxo bfcmìtlno quh pfssfb por hdh. Vufmeo o jduxo sh boeljlnf ―  ehvleo  ehvleo f ubf buefmãf eo A, ou porquh o dfão ì bovleo ou ehjorbfeo, ou fbaos ―  f  f dhl ef lmeuãîo eh Jfrfefy fjlrbf quh o jlo fequlrh ubf JHB, ubf  JHB,  θ, ehjlmlef nobo o trfafdio por umlefeh eh nfrcf quh ubf jorãf mîo-hdhtrostætlnf rhfdlzf qufmeo ubf nfrcf ì trfmsportfef hb vodtf eo dfão. Eh jorbf hqulvfdhmth, ì f vodtfchb quh shrlf bhelef fo nortfr o frfbh pfrf nrlfr ub nlrnulto ub nlrnulto fahrto, fahrto, dlcfmeo  dlcfmeo ub vodtâbhtro ub vodtâbhtro çs pomtfs. F dhl eh Jfrfefy fjlrbf quh f JHB tfbaìb ì efef phdf tfxf eh vfrlfãîo eo jduxo bfcmìtlno; θ

Ϊ   

Omeh; θ ì f jorãf hdhtrobotrlz (JHB) h Ϊ A ì o jduxo bfcmìtlno. F elrhãîo ef JHB ì efef  phdf dhl  phdf  dhl eh Dhmz. Dhmz.   Wfrf ub jlo ub jlo hmrodfeo jlrbhbhmth hb ubf aoalmf, aoalmf, nobpostf  nobpostf eh M  vodtfs  vodtfs leëmtlnfs, nfef ubf nob o bhsbo Ϊ A, f dhl ef lmeuãîo eh Jfrfefy fjlrbf; θ  

Ϊ    

Omeh;  M  ì  ì o mûbhro eh vodtfs eo jlo h   ì o jduxo bfcmìtlno ftrfvìs eh ubf ûmlnf vodtf.

 

1.:-  Hqufãîo eh Bfxwhdd-Jfrfefy F hqufãîo eh Bfxwhdd-Jfrfefy ì ubf chmhrfdlzfãîo ef dhl eh Jfrfefy, h fjlrbf quh ub nfbpo bfcmìtlno quh vfrlf nob o thbpo ì shbprh fnobpfmifeo por ub nfbpo ub  nfbpo hdìtrlno mîohdìtrlno mîonomshrvftlvo quh vfrlf hspfnlfdbhmth, h vlnh-vhrsf. F hqufãîo eh Bfxwhdd „   „ Jfrfefy Jfrfefy ì;          (hb umlefehs (hb  umlefehs eo ^L) ^L),, omeh   ì o ophrfeor  o ophrfeor   rotfnlomfd rotfnlomfd h, movfbhmth, H (r, t ) ì o nfbpo hdìtrlno h A(r, t ) ì o nfbpo bfcmìtlno. Ufls nfbpos poehb hstfr hb jumãîo ef poslãîo r h eo thbpo t . F hqufãîo eh Bfxwhdd „  Jfrfefy  Jfrfefy ì ubf efs quftro hqufãøhs quftro  hqufãøhs eh Bfxwhdd, thmeo, Bfxwhdd, thmeo, portfmto, ub  pfphd jumefbhmtfd mf thorlf eo hdhtrobfcmhtlsbo eo hdhtrobfcmhtlsbo ndæsslno. ndæsslno. Hdf  Hdf tfbaìb poeh shr hsnrltf mf jorbf lmthcrfd phdo Uhorhbf phdo Uhorhbf eh @hdvlm-^to`hs; @hdvlm-^to`hs;  

Omeh;  ì ubf suphrjânlh dlbltfef phdo shu aoreo    ì o nfbpo hdìtrlno0 A ì o nfbpo bfcmìtlno0 e℞ ì ub hdhbhmto vhtorlfd lmjlmlthslbfd eh    ì ub hdhbhmto vhtorlfd lmjlmlthslbfd eh   Fbaos  h  tëb ubf fbalculefeh eh slmfd0 pfrf oathr o slmfd norrhto, usf-sh f rhcrf f  rhcrf ef bîo elrhltf. Wfrf elrhltf.  Wfrf ubf suphrjânlh pdfmf , ub hdhbhmto eh nurvf posltlvo  ef nurvf  ì ehjlmleo  phdf rhcrf eh bîo elrhltf nobo hstfmeo mf elrhãîo elr hãîo eos eheos ef bîo elrhltf qufmeo o podh podhcfr cfr fpomtf mf elrhãîo eo vhtor morbfd m hxthrlor ç suphrjânlh   Hbaorf f dhl eh Jfrfefy shkf vædlef pfrf nlrnultos eh jlo lmjlmltfbhmth jlmo, hdf poeh jormhnhr ub rhsudtfeo hrrfeo nfso shkf lmchmufbhmth hxtrfpodfef pfrf outros nomthxtos. Xb hxhbpdo ì o chrfeor umlpodfr; umlpodfr; ub  ub elsno bhtædlno clrfmeo mf prhshmãf eh ub nfbpo bfcmìtlno iobocëmho chrf ubf JHB eh norrhmth eh norrhmth nomtâmuf. Mf nomtâmuf. Mf dhl eh Jfrfefy, f JHB ì efef phdf ehrlvfef eo jduxo mo thbpo0 doco, ubf JHB nomtâmuf sþ ì possâvhd nfso o jduxo bfcmìtlno hsthkf fubhmtfmeo. Worìb, mo chrfeor, o nfbpo bfcmìtlno ì nomstfmth h o elsno phrbfmhnh mf bhsbf poslãîo, hmtîo, o jduxo bfcmìtlno mîo fubhmtf. Wortfmto, hssh hxhbpdo mîo poeh shr fmfdlsfeo elrhtfbhmth phdf dhl eh Jfrfefy.

 

Outro hxhbpdo, nobo hxposto por   Qlnifre Qlnifre Jhymbfm, Jhymbfm, fprhshmtf  fprhshmtf ubf buefmãf erfbætlnf mo jduxo ftrfvìs eo nlrnulto, mo hmtfmto, f JHB phrbfmhnh fraltrfrlfbhmth phquhmf. Zhkf f jlcurf h dhchmef fnlbf ç elrhltf. Hb fbaos os hxhbpdos, fs buefmãfs mo phrnurso ef norrhmth sîo eljhrhmths eo bovlbhmto eo bfthrlfd quh nobpøh o nlrnulto. Os hdìtroms hb ub bfthrlfd thmehb f shculr o bovlbhmto eos ætobos quh nomstltuhb o bfthrlfd, ehvleo ç elsphrsîo ç elsphrsîo mf bfssf h o nomjlmfbhmto ef ef jumãîo  jumãîo trfafdio mfs aorefs. Wor nomshculmth, f JHB rhdftlvf fo bovlbhmto ì chrfef qufmeo os ætobos eo bfthrlfd bovhb-sh ftrfvìs eh ub nfbpo bfcmìtlno, frrfstfmeo os hdìtroms nob hdf, sukhltfmeo-os, fsslb, ç jorãf ç jorãf eh Dorhmtz. Dorhmtz. Mo  Mo chrfeor umlpodfr, os ætobos eo bfthrlfd bovhb-sh, hbaorf f chobhtrlf eo nlrnulto nobo ub toeo phrbfmhãf f bhsbf. Mo shcumeo hxhbpdo, os ætobos eo bfthrlfd sîo prftlnfbhmth hstfnlomærlos, hbaorf f chobhtrlf eo nlrnulto nobo ub toeo bueh erfbftlnfbhmth. Wor outro dfeo, f dhl eh Jfrfefy shbprh ì vhrefehlrf pfrf ub jlo sujlnlhmthbhmth jlmo, pols f buefmãf mf chobhtrlf eo nlrnulto ì shbprh elrhtfbhmth  propornlomfd fo bovlbhmto eos ætobos eo bfthrlfd. Hbaorf f dhl eh Jfrfefy mîo shkf vædlef hb toefs fs sltufãøhs, f hqufãîo eh Bfxwhdd „ Jfrfefy Jfrfefy h f dhl ef jorãf eh Dorhmtz sîo shbprh norrhtfs h poehb shr shbprh usfefs elrhtfbhmth.

1.3- 

Fpdlnfãøhs

Fs fpdlnfãøhs ef dhl eh Jfrfefy sîo lmûbhrfs, poehmeo-sh nltfr; lmeutorhs, nltfr;  lmeutorhs, fdthrmfeorhs,  fdthrmfeorhs, eâmfbos  eâmfbos h trfmsjorbfeorhs.  trfmsjorbfeorhs. Wrftlnfbhmth  Wrftlnfbhmth toeos os hqulpfbhmtos hdhtros-hdhtrõmlnos usfb o jhmõbhmo eh lmeuãîo, shkf nob lmeutorhs hb nlrnultos ou hb trfmsjorbfeorhs pfrf utldlzfr værlos mâvhls eh thmsîo.

Urfmsjorbfeor Zfbos usfr nobo hxhbpdo ub trfmsjorbfeor lehfd. Xb trfmsjorbfeor lehfd nomslsth eh ub mûndho quh nomtìb nobpdhtfbhmth o jduxo bfcmìtlno ehmtro ehdh h eufs aoalmfs; ubf quh nihcf nob f thmsîo h norrhmth vlmefs eh ub chrfeor h o outro dfeo quh vfl shr usfeo hb fdcub nlrnulto, ubf tobfef por hxhbpdo.

 

  Hsquhbf eh ub trfmsjorbfeor lehfd Efeo o mûbhro eh vodtfs   ef aoalmf 6 h    o mûbhro eh vodtfs ef aoalmf 1. Uhbos hmtîo;   

   

Nobo f thmsîo eh hmtrfef ì nomihnlef h o jduxo bfcmìtlno ì lcufd mfs eufs aoalmfs;

  

       

H f rfzîo hmtrh fs thmsøhs ehphmeh sobhmth ef rfzîo hmtrh o mûbhro eh vodtfs efs aoalmfs;





 

  

Chrfeor Nobo vlsto fmths, o pronhsso rhcleo phdf Dhl eh Jfrfefy-Mhubfmm-Dhmz mîo elsnrlblmf hmtrh nomeutor ou âbî sh bovhmeo. O jduxo eh ub nfbpo bfcmìtlno umljorbh pfssfmeo por ubf aoalmf jlmf poeh shr hsnrlto nobo;       

       

Omeh  ì o ámcudo hmtrh o nfbpo h f morbfd ef ærhf orlhmtfef ef aoalmf. ^h f aoalmf hstæ clrfmeo thbos;

 

    

Nfdnudfbos f JHB (jorãf hdhtrobotrlz) hmtîo nobo;   

         

     

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Qhsoduãîo Wrætlnf Qhspostf fos oakhtlvos 6  Hxpdlnfr o quh fnomthnh qufmeo o âbfm pfssf por bhlo ef hsplrf nob eljhrhmths vhdonlefehs h nobo hsth fjhtf f ndfrlefeh (arldio) ef dábpfef (bfcmltueh h slmfd mo vodtâbhtro) Q; Vufmto bflor f vhdonlefeh, bhmor ì o thbpo eh lmthmslefeh quh f norrhmth pfssf ì nfblmif pfrf f dábpfef, nfusfmeo ub jorth lmthmslefeh mf duz proeuzlef phdf bhsbf. 1  - Hxpdlnfr f eljhrhmãf hb bovhr o âbfm, fproxlbfmeo-o ou fjfstfmeo-o ef aoalmf. Q; Fproxlbfmeo o âbfm iæ ldublmfãîo. Fjfstfmeo mîo nrlf ldublmfãîo mf dábpfef >  - Hxpdlnfr f eljhrhmãf hb bovhr o âbfm mf aoalmf nob bhmor mûbhro eh hsplrfs h mf  aoalmf nob bflor mûbhro eh hsplrfs. Q; Nob bhmos aoalmfs f lmthmslefeh h bhmor. Nob bfls aoalmfs f lmthmslefeh ef ldublmfãîo h bflor, ou shkf, sîo lmvhrsfbhmth propornlomfls.

Whrcumtfs eh Nomtrodo 6.  Hxpdlnfr por quh sh proeuz norrhmth hdìtrlnf fo bovlbhmtfr o âbfm mo lmthrlor eubf  aoalmf. Q; Worquh eurfmth o bovlbhmto iæ ubf vfrlfãîo eo jduxo bfcmìtlno. 1.  Hxpdlnfr porquh qufmeo o âbfm hstf hb rhpouso mîo sh fprhshmtf norrhmth hdìtrlnf lmeuzlef. Q; Mîo iæ norrhmth lmeuzlef mhsths nfsos porquh mîo iæ trfafdio rhfdlzfeo.

 

  >.  Vuh fnomthnh fo fubhmtfr f vhdonlefeh eo âbfm mo lmthrlor eo nomeutor. Q; Nob o fubhmto ef vhdonlefeh eo âbfm mo lmthrlor eo nomeutor o vodtâbhtro osnldf o shu pomthlro h f dábpfef osnldf tfbaìb. 5.  Hxpdlnfr o slcmljlnfeo jâslno eo slmfd (-) quh fpfrhnh mo vodtâbhtro. Q; Vufmeo fproxlbfbos o slmfd jlnf mhcftlvo, h qufmeo fjfstfbos jlnf posltlvo.

Orlhmtfãîo pfrf fprhshmtfãîo eo Qhdftþrlo   pfrf fs dlmifs eh nfbpo eo lbfm, 6.  Ehshmih f orlhmtfãîo eo vhntor nfbpo bfcmìtlno 

mos pomtos shculmths; l) 

 prþxlbo eo podo morth M,

ll) 

 prþxlbo eo podo sud ^,

lll) 

mf bhtfeh eo âbfm. Nob afsh mo ehshmio lmthrprhth fs vfrlfãøhs eo slmfd mo vodtâbhtro.

l) 

 prþxlbo eo podo morth M; fs dlmifs eo nfbpo sfhb h o slmfd s lmfd eo vodtâbhtro ì mhcftlvo

ll) 

 prþxlbo eo podo sud ^; fs dlmifs eo nfbpo hmtrfb h o slmfd eo vodtâbhtro ì posltlvo

lll) 

mf bhtfeh eo âbfm. ; mudo.

1.  Hxpdlnfr f lbportámnlf ef lmeuãîo hdhtrobfcmìtlnf mo ehshmvodvlbhmto thnmodþclno ftufd. Q; Wrftlnfbhmth toeos os hqulpfbhmtos hdhtrõmlnos usfb o jhmõbhmo eh lmeuãîo, shkf nob lmeutorhs hb nlrnultos ou hb trfmsjorbfeorhs pfrf utldlzfr værlos mâvhls eh thmsîo, jfzhmeo hdh totfdbhmth lbportfmth ehshmvodvlbhmto thnmodþclno, pols os oakhntos eh uso thmehb f hvodulr tfbaìb.

 

Nomndusîo  Mhsth trfafdio, ehsnrhvhbos ubf bomtfchb por bhlo bh lo ef qufd poeh-sh thstfr eh bfmhlrf ræplef h nomvlmnhmth fsphntos jumefbhmtfls ef dhl eh lmeuãîo eh Jfrfefy, fmfdlsfmeo f jhb (jorãf hdhtrobotrlz) lmeuzlef mubf aoalmf hb jumãîo ef vhdonlefeh eh ub âbfm dlvrh fo pfssfr ftrfvìs ehdf. Xb fsphnto lbportfmth ehsth trfafdio ì quh nomshculbos rhdfnlomfr, utldlzfmeo fphmfs  prlmnâplos aæslnos ef hdhtrobfcmhtlsbo h nob ub bâmlbo eh jorbfdlsbo bfthbætlno, f thmsîo  plno-f-plno ef jhb lmeuzlef nob f vhdonlefeh eo âbfm fo pfssfr phdo nhmtro ef aoalmf. Lsto jfnldltou hmorbhbhmth f fmædlsh eos efeos h tormou o trfafdio bfls fnhssâvhd pfrf hstuefmths nob fdcub nomihnlbhmto eh jâslnf aæslnf, ahb nobo fehqufeo pfrf shr rhproeuzleo hb dfaorftþrlos eh jâslnf aæslnf.  aæslnf. 

 

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