Titulacion Potenciometrica de Haluros

 

 

FKPG\VGEKHVC FK W[ÅEBJG M[ÅGZ FK IGZ P\ÇJVBJGZ FK IGLC\GVC\BC FK A[HFGEKHVCZ FK GHÇIBZBZ W[ÅEBJC 

VBV[IGJBÚH PCVKHJBCEÂV\BJG FK DGI[\CZ [ZGHFC Gm+ Igs ekzjigs fk dgiurcs pukfkh tbtuigrsk jch uhg sciujbúh fk GmHC:, fk acreg quk ki Gm+ rkgjjbchg -

jchrkgibzg ics dgiurcs (T ) prcfujbkhfc uheâtrbjg prkjbpbtgfc sk juepik ig gjtbvbfgf Ops rkspkjtbvg. prçjtbjg +  furghtk sk uhg tbtuigjbúh pctkhjbc jch jughfc ki abh fk skmubr ig fk ig Kh Gmkstg ig tbtuigjbúh y gså fktkrebhgr ki puhtc abhgi. Jgfg mrupc fk iglcrgtcrbc prkpgrgrç ;0 eI fk uhg fbsciujbúh fbscivbkhfc 7 m fk eukstrg prclikeg jcepukstg fk uhg ekzjig fk OJi y OB (juygs  prcpcrjbchks sk fgrçh kh jigsk). Ki clnktbvc ks fktkrebhgr ig jghtbfgf fk jgfg sgi kh ig eukstrg  prclikeg.

7.  Bhtrcfujjbúh Jchstghtk fki Prcfujtc fk sciulbibfgf (Ops) Ks ig jchstghtk fk kqubiblrbc fk ig rkgjjbúh fk fbsciujbúh fk uh súibfc sgibhc, quk crbmbhg quk ics bchks pgskh g ig fbsciujbúh. Kstg jchstghtk ks utbibzgfg pgrg jgijuigr ig sciulbibfgf fk uhg sgi kh uhg fbsciujbúh gjucsg, pcr knkepic, pgrg ig rkgjjbúh fk fbsciujbúh fk uh dgiurc fk pigtg, ig jchstghtk fk kqubiblrbc skrç> GmT (s)  Gm+ (gj) + T- (gj) fchfk T pukfk skr Ji, Lr, B Ops5 _Gm+U_T-U

(\kgjjbúh 7) (Kjugjbúh 7)

Fchfk _Gm+U y _T-U sch igs jchjkhtrgjbchks kh ki kqubiblrbc fk ics bchks y sk cebtk ig jchjkhtrgjbúh fki súibfc fklbfc g quk sk khjukhtrg kh su kstgfc kstçhfgr.

Zkpgrgjbúh pcr prkjbpbtgjbúh. Ki jchcjbebkhtc fk igs jchstghtks fki prcfujtc fk sciulbibfgf pkrebtk skpgrgr ekzjigs fk bchks. Zb g uhg ekzjig gjucsg fk bchks, sk ik gfbjbchg uh jchtrgbúh quk prcfujk sgiks bhsciuliks jch ics bchks  prkskhtks kh ig fbsciujbúh, fbsciujbúh, kstcs pukfkh skpgrgrsk khtrk så lgnc jbkrtgs jchf jchfbjbchks. bjbchks. Zb igs ksp kspkjbks kjbks sk  prkjbpbtgh sbmubkhfc rkgjjbchks fk bmugi kstkqubcektrbg, prkjbpbtgrç prbekrc ki prcfujtc jch ekhcr Ops, y sb ics prcfujtcs fk sciulbibfgf (Ops) sch suabjbkhtkekhtk fbstbhtcs, ig prkjbpbtgjbúh fki prbekrc  pukfk skr jgsb jcepiktg ghtks fk quk quk kepbkjk g prkjbpbtgr ki skmuhfc. skmuhfc. Lusquk ics vgicrks fk Ops fk GmJi y ki GmB ³Juçi fk igs fcs sgiks prkjbpbtgrç prbekrc3 ³Pukfk vkrbabjgrsk ig acregjbúh fk jgfg sgi g pgrtbr fk su jcicr3

Qgicrgjbúh pcr prkjbpbtgjbúh. Ig fbakrkhjbg fk sciulbibfgf fk fbstbhtgs sgiks pukfk utbibzgrsk pgrg fktkrebhgr ig jchjkhtrgjbúh fk uhc c vgrbcs bchks kh uhg eukstrg prclikeg, kstc sk dgjk gfbjbchghfc vciþekhks jchcjbfcs fk uh vgicrghtk, jgpgz fk acregr sgiks bhsciuliks jch ics bchks fk bhtkrâs. Kh ki jgsc fk ig vgicrgjbúh fk uhg ekzjig fk bchks, ki vgicrghtk, fk jchjkhtrgjbúh jchcjbfg, tbkhk quk skr jgpgz fk rkgjjbchgr jch jgfg uhc fk ics ghgibtcs fk eghkrg skikjtbvg y pgrg quk kstc skg pcsblik, ig sciulbibfgf fk ics

 

 

FKPG\VGEKHVC FK W[ÅEBJG M[ÅGZ FK IGZ P\ÇJVBJGZ FK IGLC\GVC\BC FK A[HFGEKHVCZ FK GHÇIBZBZ W[ÅEBJC 

 prcfujtcs tbkhk quk skr suabjbkhtkekhtk fbstbhtcs. Ig fktkrebhgjbúh fki puhtc abhgi sk dgjk hcregiekhtk pcr eâtcfcs pctkhjbceâtrbjcs, jch ki usc fk bhfbjgfcrks c pcr fbspkrsbúh fk iuz.

Pctkhjbcektråg. Zk dgh fbsk÷gfc kikjtrcfcs jgpgsks fk rkspchfkr skikjtbvgekhtk g fktkrebhgfcs ghgibtcs, quk sk khjukhtrgh fbsciujbúh gjucsg, uh ekfbc knkepicfchfk fk kstc ks sk ki kikjtrcfc vbfrbc ki jugi g ig gjtbvbfgf fkkhbchks dbfrchbc kh ki kstk bhtrcfujk,fkkikjtrcfc quk rkspchfk auk utbibzgfc ghtkrbcrekhtk kh ig prçjtbjg fk pD-ektråg. Ki usc fk kstcs kikjtrcfcs pgrg ekfbr vcitgnks y suebhbstrgr bhacregjbúh quåebjg sk iigeg pctkhjbcektråg. [h ghgibtc ks uhg kspkjbk kikjtrcgjtbvg, quk sbmhbabjg quk kstk ks jgpgz fk jkfkr c gjkptgr kikjtrchks sclrk ig supkrabjbk fk uh kikjtrcfc jchfujtcr. Gi bhtrcfujbr uh kikjtrcfc kh ig fbsciujbúh fki ghgibtc pcfkecs jchvkrtbr kstg fbsciujbúh kh uhg skebjkifg kikjtrcquåebjg. Pukstc quk kstk kikjtrcfc rkspchfk gi ghgibtc, ic iigegecs kikjtrcfc bhfbjgfcr. Zb kstg skebjkifg sk jchkjtg g ctrg skebjkifg, juyg ju yg jcepcsbjbúh y pctkhjbgi sch jchstghtks (kikjtrcfc fk rkakrkhjbg), ki pctkhjbgi ekfbfc fk ig jkifg kikjtrcquåebjg acregfg skrç ig fbakrkhjbg khtrk ki pctkhjbgi vgrbglik fk ig skebjkifg fki ghgibtc y ki pctkhjbgi jchstghtk fki kikjtrcfc fk rkakrkhjbg. Ki pctkhjbgi fk ig skebjkifg fki ghgibtc jcrrkspchfk gi fk ig supkrabjbk fki kikjtrcfc bhfbjgfcr, y kstk vgicr jgelbgrç kh auhjbúh fk ig jchjkhtrgjbúh fk gimuhg fk igs kspkjbks pgrtbjbpghtks kh ig rkgjjbúh fk vgicrgjbúh.

Bhstruekhtgjbúh kh ig prçjtbjg. Kh kstk iglcrgtcrbc sk utbibzgrç uh grrkmic fk fcs kikjtrcfcs, uhc fk pigtg jcec kikjtrcfc bhfbjgfcr y uh kikjtrcfc fk rkakrkhjbg fk Ju/JuZC 6, kstcs kikjtrcfcs sk khtrkmgh uhbfcs kh uh kikjtrcfc jcepukstc quk sk khjukhtrg kh ig abmurg 7. Ki kstgfc fk ics kikjtrcfcs ks uh agjtcr bepcrtghtk quk bhaiuyk kh ig kakjtbvbfgf fk ig prçjtbjg, gskmurgrsk fk quk>

 

 

FKPG\VGEKHVC FK W[ÅEBJG M[ÅGZ FK IGZ P\ÇJVBJGZ FK IGLC\GVC\BC FK A[HFGEKHVCZ FK GHÇIBZBZ W[ÅEBJC 

7.  Ics gigelrks (kikjtrcfc bhfbjgfcr fk pigtg y gigelrk fk jclrk) kstâh euy ibepbcs, ig prkskhjbg fk jgpgs pgsbvghtks sclrk ig supkrabjbk bepbfk ig ekfbfg fk pctkhjbgi. _ Gm+U 5 2.7 x 70 -2 E (Kjugjbúh 6) Ghçicmgekhtk pcfkecs fktkrebhgr igs jchjkhtrgjbchks fk Gm+ furghtk ig prkjbpbtgjbúh fk Ji-. Gså  puks, g ekfbfg quk sk vg g÷gfbkhfc ki hbtrgtc fk pigtg kh ig fbsciujbúh, furghtk ig tbtuigjbúh, sk  prkjbpbtg prbekrc ki ycfurc fk pigtg y kstk hc pkrebtk quk ig jchjkhtrgjbúh fk Gm+ guekhtk g ig jghtbfgf hkjksgrbg pgrg quk jcebkhjk ig prkjbpbtgjbúh fk GmJi, kh kstg zchg ig vgrbgjbúh fk pctkhjbgi kiâjtrbjc skrç lgng. Jughfc tcfc ki ycfurc fk pigtg dg prkjbpbtgfc, ig gfbjbúh sulskjukhtk fk hbtrgtc fk pigtg guekhtg ig jchjkhtrgjbúh fk Gm+ kh ig fbsciujbúh, dgjbkhfc quk dgyg uh jgelbc glruptc fki  pctkhjbgi. Iukmc jcebkhzg g prkjbpbtgr ki jicrurc pigtg, jch ki jugi, bmugi quk ki ycfurc fk pigtg, sk kvbfkhjbgrç uhg rkmbúh fk pcjg vgrbgjbúh fk pctkhjbgi kiâjtrbjc. Gi abhgi jughfc ig prkjbpbtgjbúh fk

 

 

FKPG\VGEKHVC FK W[ÅEBJG M[ÅGZ FK IGZ P\ÇJVBJGZ FK IGLC\GVC\BC FK A[HFGEKHVCZ FK GHÇIBZBZ W[ÅEBJC 

jicrurc fk pigtg dgyg tkrebhgfc ig jchjkhtrgjbúh fk bchks pigtg guekhtgrç eçs mkhkrghfc ctrc jgelbc glruptc fk pctkhjbgi kiâjtrbjc (Abmurg 6).

Abmurg 6. Jurvgs 6. Jurvgs fk tbtuigjbúh kxpkrbekhtgiks. kxpkrbekhtgik s. (g) Vbtuigjbúh fk 60.00 eI fk OB (0.0;0< E) y OJi (0.0;00 E)jch GmHC: (0.046; E). Ki rkjugfrc bhskrtc ks uhg vbstg kxpghfbfg fk ig rkmbúh jkrjghg gi prbekr puhtc fk kqubvgikhjbg. (l) Vbtuigjbúh fk B-  (