Tipos de Instrumentos para Medir El Liderazgo

 

Akstruglktds el gleanaþk el` `aelrbzhd Butdr(ls)9 Ncb``bpb, ^bù`: Fulktls, Nrastabk: Hbrnás, Nbga`b: Gbkna``b, Ahkbnad & ^bbvlerb, Lstlmbk Bsahkbturb9 Ub``lr el Nrlbtavaebe Akkdvbnaþk y @aelrbzhd =?21. _rdflsdrls9 Lvbea` Byb`b ]aqul`gl, Cuhd ]derçhulz Â`vbrlz & B`mlrtd Gbrtçklz Rulzbeb

_b`bmrb _b`bmrbs s n`bvls9 n`bvls9  @aelrbzhd, Lsnb`b Ndkhlr-Jbkukhd, Nulstadkbrad el @aelrbzhd Butáktand, Nulstadkbrad Gu`tafbntdrab` @aelrbzhd.

]lsuglk

Aktrdeunnaþk

Elsel qul sl bnuòþ l` ndknlptd el `aelrb `aelrbzhd zhd lk `bs drhbkazbn drhbkazbnadkls adkls cbstb cdy, sl cbk eavlrsafanbed `bs fdrgbs el `aelrbr, elfakalked bsç `ds eaflrlktls tapds el `aelrbzhd qul cdy sl rlndkdnlk. L` prlslktl trbmbid talkl ndgd dmiltavd bmdrebr `bs eaflrlktls clrrbgalktbs el gleanaþk qul sl uta`azbk lk lstl âgmatd el bnulred ndk l` tapd el `aelrbzhd qul sl lilrnl. Lk lsplnçfand, sl elsnramlk `bs clrrbgalktbs el NJ^(Lsnb`b el Ndkhlr-Jbkukhd), B@R(Nulstadkbrad el @aelrbzhd Butáktand) Buták tand) y G@R(Nu G@R(Nulstadk lstadkbrad brad Gu`taf Gu`tafbntdr bntdrab` ab` el @aelrbzhd), @aelrbzhd), qul gaelk `aelrbzhds el` tapd, Nbrasgâtand, Butáktand y el ]bkhd Udtb` rlsplntavbglktl.

L` `aelrbzhd ls l` rlsu`tbed el uk prdnlsd sdnab` lk l` qul `bs plrsdk plrsdkbs bs qul aktlrb aktlrbntù ntùbk bk nddrea nddreakbk kbk sus bnnadkl bnnadklss pbr pbrb b `dhr `dhrbr  br  dmiltavds ndgpbrtaeds. (Mbss bke ^tdhea``, 211?) Lxastlk eaflrlktls tapds el `aelrbzhd, b`hukds el l``ds sdk, @aelrbzhd Nbra Nbrasg sgât âtan and, d, @a @ael elrb rbzh zhdd el ]b ]bkh khdd Udt dtb` b` (U (Urb rbks ksbn bnna nadk dkb` b`,, Urbksfdrgbnadkb` y @basslz-Fbarl) y @aelrbzhd Butáktand. ´Nþgd sl gaelk lstds tapds el `aelrbzhd4

]lvasaþk mam`adhrâfanb

Easnusaþk

´Nþgd sl gael l` @aelrbzhd Nbrasg Nbrasg âtand4

NJ^

@b lsn lsnb`b b`b el Ndk Ndkhlr hlr-jb -jbkuk kukhd hd lvb lvb`ùb `ùb l` ndgp ndgpdr drtb tbga galk lktd td el` el` `ael `aelrb rbzh zhdd nd ndgd gd uk prdnlsd lk l`   talgpd‗.(]dwd`e bke Clakatz, =??8) Ltbpbs el bp`anbnaþk9

L` `aelrbzhd ls uk nub`aebe bpltlnaeb y klnlsbrab lk tdebs `bs drhbkazbnadkls, l` áxatd el ukb lgprlsb guncbs vlnls elplkel el `bs nub`aebels nub`aebels el sus `çelr `çelrls. ls. @b nbpbna nbpbnaebe ebe qul kds mrakeb mrakebkk `bs clrrbgalktbs el gleanaþk el `aelrbzhd kd elfakl `b nb`aebe el uk `çelr  ‐mulkd‗   ‐mulkd‗ d  ‐gb`d‗, gbs malk ls ukb elsnrapnaþk el `ds lsta`ds el `aelrbzhd qul lgp`lb lk su earlnnaþk, lk edkel `b drhbkazbnaþk elml dmslrvbr sa lstl lsta`d el `aelrbzhd sl bebptb b su vasaþk.

•L` Lvb`ubnaþk bgmalktb`9 `çelr lvb`ùb l` lktdrkd lk nubktd b `bs

Lsnb`b el Ndkhlr  Jbkukhd

dpdrtukaebels el nrlnagalktd y klnlsaebels el sus slh slhuae uaedrl drls.( s.(Ndkh Ndkhlr lr bke Jbk Jbkukh ukhd, d, 2113) •Fdrgu`bnaþk el vasaþk9 L` `çelr fdrgu`b ukb vasaþk lstrbtáhanb qul sl prl prlslk slktb tb ndk ndkstb stbktl ktlglk glktl tl el ukb gbkl gbklrb rb aklsplrbeb.(Ndkhlr bke Jbkukhd, 2113) •Lilnunaþk9 L` `çelr prdpdrnadkb uk gdel`d b slhuar slhuar.. _dr  glead el rl`bnadkls pùm`anbs y ndgpdr ndg pdrtbg tbgalk alktd td kd ndk ndkvlk vlknad nadkb` kb`,, l` `çelr  `çelr  bnugu`b slhuaed aedrls, ndkf dkfabkzb y ndgprdgasd.(Ndkhlr, 2118)

´Nþgd sl gael l` @aelrbzhd Butáktand4 ‐Lvb`ùb l` `aelrbzhd ndgd uk prdnlsd mbsbed

lk nbpb nbpbna naeb ebel elss psan psand` d`þh þhan anbs bs y lk uk ndkt ndktlx lxttd dr drhb hbka kazb zbnnad adkb kb`` b` b`tb tbgl glkt ktll elsbrrd``beb (Nbglrdk bke Euttdk, =??>)

 B@R  B@R Nulstadkbrad el @aelrbzhd Butáktand

Lstl akstruglktd nulktb ndk eds vlrsadkls9 \kb pbrb `b butdlvb`ubnaþk el` `çelr y dtrb pbrb `b lvb`ubnaþk el `ds slhuaedrls b` `çelr. Nbeb vlrsaþk lvb`ùb nubtrd fbntdrls9 •Urbkspbrlknab •Átanb/Gdrb` •_rdnlsbgalktd lqua`amrbed •Butdndknalknab (Xb`ugmwb , =??3)

´Nþgd sl gael l` @aelrbzhd el ]bkhd tdtb`4 ‐Lstl akstruglktd ls elravbed el `b tldrçb el

G@R Nulstadkbrad Gu`tafbntdrab` el @aelrbzhd

Mbss, nuyb praglrb vlrsaþk ful pum`anbeb lk l` bòd 211?, y el `b nub` cbk elravbed `bs vlrsadkls gâs rlnalktls.(Bvd`ad, 2111) Lk 211 `aelrbzhds lstueabeds. @ulhd el rlb`azbr lstbs lvb`ubnadkls y sbmlr  qul lsta`d el `aelrbzhd ls prledgakbktl, sl elml vlrafanbr sa ástl ls l` lsta`d el earlnnaþk þptagd pbrb `b drhbkazbnaþk y el slr klnlsbrad, rlb`azbr `bs gdeafanbnadkls ndrrlspdkealktls.

Mam`adhrbfçb B@DK^D, F. G., ^BMDQB, _. ]. & H\A]BED, A. N. =?2?. @aelrbzhd trb trbksf ksfdrg drgbna bnadkb dkb`` y `ae `aelrb lrbzhd zhd trb trbksb ksbnna nnadkb dkb`9`9 uk bkâ`asa bkâ`asass el `b lstrunturb lstru nturb fbntd fbntdrab` rab` el` Gu`taf Gu`tafbntdr bntdr @lbel @lbelrscap rscap Rulst Rulstadkkbar adkkbarl l (G@R) lk ukb gulstrb lspbòd`b.  _sandtclgb, ==, 51