Tipos de Bodegas

 

Nuojkhgotc Zgörlfc. Gxlstgo jlngrgotgs tlpcs jg ghprgsks, fchgrflka g lojustrlka tcjks tlgogo uo fchýo kaic uo ërgk pkrk ga fcotrca jg suhlolstrc, hktgrlks prlhks, prcjuftc tgrhlokjc, gtf. Aks bcjgiks bcjgiks sg dko fcovgrtljc go uok jg aks ërgks ërgks jg hkyc rgagvkoflk pkrk ga nuoflcokhlgotc jg ak crikolzkflöo (Ghprgsk) yk qug sco uo slstghk jg hkogmc jg hktgrlkags, qug kahkfgok acs hktgrlkags pcr uo pgrlcjc jg tlghpc, pgrhltlr ga kffgsc k jlfdcs hktgrlkags fukojc ìstcs sgko ogfgskrlcs, dky jlspcolbag uok gocrhg vkrlgjkj jg gqulpcs hgfëolfcs jg fkrik y jgsfkrik, rgfcagfflöo jg pgjljcs y trksakjc jg blgogs go ga kahkfìo5 gxlstgo jlngrgotgs tlpcs jg hktgrlkags acs fukags rgqulgrgo uo hìtcjc y fcotrca jg kahkfgokhlgotc jlngrgotgs gs pcr gaac qug gxlstgo jcs tlpcs jg kahkfgokhlgotc (Bcjgiks) Hkouka y kutchktlzkjc.

Fchpcogotgs pkrk ak jlstrlbuflöo jg pakotk. 

Ga gspkflc qug cfupk acs krtèfuacs y ga gqulpc jg hkolpuakflöo fco sus

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dcaiurks fcrrgspcojlgotgs. Acs pkslaacs gotrg aks hgrfkofèks pkrk ga kffgsc jlrgftc k aks hlshk.

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Acs pkslaacs trkosvgrskags, pgrpgojlfuakrgs c acs kotgrlcrgs.

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Ga rgstc jg aks zcoks, jgjlfkjks k crjgokr prcjuftcs, fkrik y jgsfkrik skaljks jg ghgrigoflk.

 

Laustrkflöo ; "Hcjgac jg kofdc jg pkslaacs y katurk" 

U FLZKZLCO Hgf;< Qa 2074 X

Bcjgiks Hkoukags. Wok bcjgik gs ag gspkflc jcojg sg kahkfgok ak hgrfkofèk, uok bcjgik hkouka sg fkrkftgrlzk pcr qug ga 40% jg sus prcfgscs gstëo jlrliljcs pcr pgrscoks qug fugo fugotk tkss fco fco ga fc fcoc ocfl flhl hlgo gotc tc jg jgaa nu nuof oflc lcok okhl hlgo gotc tc jg ak akss bcjg bcjgik ikss y gstë gstëoo fkpkfltkjks go ga tghk.

 

Gstrktgilks bëslfks pkrk ak crikolzkflöo jg acs hktgrlkags go uo Vlstghk jg kahkfgokhlgotc. 

 Kahkfgokhlgotc kagktcrlc=  Acs krtèfuacs sg kahkfgoko go fukaqulgr aui auikr jlsp jlspco colb lbag ag (o (ocr crhk hkah ahggot otgg, ga hës hës fgr grfk fkoc oc)) jga jga sl slst stgh ghkk jg kahkfgokhlgotc. Ak rgfupgrkflöo jg aks VEW (Vtcfe Eggploi Wolt) sg aagvk k fk fkbc bc jg kfug kfugrj rjcc fc fcoo ak pcaè pcaètltlfk fk PGPV PGPV (prl (prlhg hgrk rkss gotr gotrkj kjks ks ‖ pr prlh lhgr grks ks skaljks), gs jgflr, qug acs krtèfuacs qug aagvko hës tlghpc kahkfgokjcs sco acs prlhgrcs go rgfupgrkrsg.

Laustrkflöo 2 "Kahkfgokhlgotc kagktcrlc Khkzco" 

U FLZKZLCO Hkt;4 Qa 2074 X

 

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 Kahkfgokhlgotc gspgflkalzkjc=  Aks VEW sg kslioko k auikrgs gs gspg pgfè fènlnlfc fcss jg ak lo lost stka kakf kflö löoo jg ka kahk hkfg fgok okhl hlgo gotc tc.. Gs jgfl jgflr, r, gx gxls lstg tgoo acfk acfkalalzkf zkflc lcog ogss rg rgsg sgrv rvkj kjks ks pkrk pkrk fk fkjk jk VEW. VEW. Ak gspg gspgfl flnlnlfkf fkflö löoo jg gstk gstkss acfkalzkflcogs sg dkfg hgjlkotg sgfugoflks ouhìrlfks jlngrgotgs pkrk fkjk VEW, jg kfugrjc ka olvga jg kftlvljkj jg fkjk VEW c jg kfugrjc k uok rgakflöo gotrg ga olvga jg kftlvljkj y ga gspkflc rgqugrljc.

Laustrkflöo 6"Kahkfgokhlgotc Gspgflkalzkjc" 

U FLZKZLCO Iru;< Qa 2074 X Acs hìtcjcs y gqulpcs fcovgoflcokags jg kahkfgokhlgotc rgqulgrgo uo trkbkmkjcr duhko du hkocc pkrk pkrk kffg kffgjg jgrr k ac acss krtè krtèfu fuac acss kahkf kahkfgo gokj kjcs cs pc pcrr ac qug qug ga slst slstgh ghkk jg kahkfgokhlgotc rgsuatk gstëtlfc, lohövla5 gs pcr gaac qug kaiuocs fkscs jg acs tlghpc tlg hpcss jg rgfgpf rgfgpflöo löo jga prcjuf prcjuftc tc tgrhlok tgrhlokojc ojc,, kahkfgo kahkfgokmg kmg,, faksln fakslnlfk lfkflö flöo, o, gtf. gtf. Zgoiko uo tlghpc jg rgtrksc gstc jgbljc k jlngrgotgs nkftcrgs qug sg pugjgo

 

prgsgotkr= Nkatk jg trkbkmkjcrgs, ga pgrscoka oc fugotk fco ga fcocflhlgotc y fkpkfltkflöo pkrk aagvkr kfkbc su trkbkmc jgotrc jg aks bcjgiks.U FLZKZLCO Mcr02 Qa 2074 X

Zkrgks jga trkbkmkjcr jg uok Bcjgik Hkouka. 

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 Kftlvljkjgs qug sg rgkalzko go uo slstghk jg kahkfgokmg. Jgsfkrikr acs vgdèfuacs qug loirgsko.  Kfuhuakr ga hktgrlka rgflbljc go uok zcok jg kojkhlkmg.

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Gxkhlokr ak fkotljkj y ak fkaljkj jga hktgrlka y ksliokrag uo auikr jg

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kahkfgokhlgotc. Zrkospcrtkr ga hktgrlka ka auikr jg kahkfgokhlgotc.

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Fcacfkr ga auikr go ga auikr ksliokjc.

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Rgtlrkr ga hktgrlka jg su auikr jg kahkfgokhlgotc y fcacfkrac go ak aèogk jg

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surtljc jg pgjljcs, go fksc jg qug sg utlalfg ak aèogk. Aagokr aks crjgogs jg pgjljc.

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Fakslnlfkflöo y ghpkqug.

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 Kirupkhlgotc pkrk ghbkrqug.

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Fkrik y vgrlnlfkflöo jg acs vgdèfuacs qug girgsko.

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Fcotrca kjhlolstrktlvc jga slstghk jg kahkfgokmg.

Hìtcjcs jg bcjgiks hkoukags. Buae stcrkig (Kahkfgokhlgotc jg buatc) Aks uoljkjgs jg fkrik (pugstks scbrg pkaìs c fcotgoljks go fcotgogjcrgs) sg kplalako kp ko uo uokk gof goflhk lhk jg ak ct ctrk rk.. Jg gstk stk hkog kogrk kuhg kuhgot otkk ak jgosl gosljjkj jg kahkfgokhlgotc. Vlo ghbkric, ga kffgsc k aks fkriks lotgroks sugag sgr huy jlnèfla. Pkrk kuhgotkr ak kffgslblaljkj, aks fkriks pugjgo sgr crikolzkjks go nlaks y bacqugs, jg hcjc qug sg frggo pkslaacs okturkags. Kuoqug ga kahkfgokhlgotc jg buatc gstë fkrkftgrlz fkrkftgrlzkjc kjc pcr ak kusgofl kusgoflkk jg gqulp gqulpcc jg kahkfgokhlgotc kahkfgokhlgotc gspgfènlfc, gspgfènlfc, pkrk fcacfkr acs hktgrlkags c rgfupgrkracs jg su auikr jg kahkfgokhlgotc sg sugago utlalzkr fkrrgtks y fkrrgtlaaks lojustrlkags. Pcr ac tkotc, ga kahkfgokhlgotc jg

 

buatc gs utlalzkjc pkrk kahkfgokr irkojgs stcfes c fkotljkjgs jg uoljkjgs jg fkrik. Laustrkflöo : "Kahkfgokhlgotc Buae stcrkig" 

U FLZKZLCO Fcu;< Qa 2074 X

Rkfe Vystghs (Vlstghks jg gstkotg). Pgrhltgo ga kplakhlgotc jg uoljkjgs jg fkrik slo ak ogfgsljkj jg qug sg kpcygo aks uoks fco aks ctrks. Woc jg acs slstghks jg gstkotg hës fchuogs gs ga ncrhkjc pcr gstkotgs jg pkaìs (paktkncrhks). Laustrkflöo 7 "Kahkfgokhlgotc Rkfe Vystghs" 

 

U FLZKZLCO VMN;< Qa 2074 X

Jrlvg-lo rkfes. Zlgogo ak hlshk gstrufturk qug acs gstkotgs kotgrlcrgs, pgrc go gstg fksc, uoc jg acs gxtrghcs jga pkslaac frgkjc sg gofugotrk fgrrkjc. Pcr tkotc, söac sg pugjg aagvkr k fkbc ak pcaètlfk uatlhc go gotrkr prlhgrc go skalr (WGPV) Laustrkflöo > "Kahkfgokhlgotc Jrlvg-lo rkfes." 

 

U FLZKZLCO Loj;< Qa 2074 X

Nacw-tdrcuid rkfes. Wtlalzko akriks plstks trkospcr Wtlalzko trkospcrtkjcr tkjcrks ks fkpkfg fkpkfgss jg scpcrtkr uok nlak jg uoljkjgs uoljkjgs jg fkrik c supgrnlflgs lofalokjks. Aks uoljkjgs jg fkrik sco fkrikjks pcr uo akjc jga gstkotg y jgsfkrikjks pcr ga ctrc, prcpcrflcokojc uok rctkflöo jg tlpc prlhgrks gotrkjks prlhgrks skaljks (PGPV). Zèplfkhgotg, acs slstghks jg gstkotg sg utlalzko pkrk kahkfgokr fkriks jg pkaìs. Laustrkflöo 9 "Kahkfgokhlgotc Nacw-tdrcuid rkfes" 

 

U FLZKZLCO KOI;< Qa 2074 X

Gstg tlpc jg hìtcjcs ogfgsltko trkbkmc duhkoc y ksè pcjgr kffgjgr k acs krtèfuacs kahkfgokjcs, acs fcstcs pkrk ga tlpc jg bcjgik hkouka sco katcs pugstc qug gxlstgo kftlvljkjgs qug sg pugjgo kutchktlzkr, kuoqug ak crikolzkflöo (Ghprgsk) fugotk fco ga pgrscoka jgsliokjc pkrk fkjk kftlvljkj ak gnlflgoflk oc gs nëfla jg hgjlr jgbljc jgbljc ka hkriugo hkriugo jg grrcr qug gxlstlrë gxlstlrë go acs prcfgscs prcfgscs qug sg jgskrrcaako jgskrrcaako go ka ërgk jg ak bcjgik.

Gstkotgrèks y krfks. Aks gstkotgrèks rgprgsgotko uoc jg acs tlpcs jg gqulpcs jg kahkfgokhlgotc hës fchuogs. Wok gstkotgrèk gs uok paktkncrhk dcrlzcotka, scpcrtkjk pcr uok pkrgj c uok gs gstr truf uftu turk rk,, sc scbr brgg ak fu fuka ka sg kahkf kahkfgo goko ko ac acss hktg hktgrl rlkag kags. s. K hg hgouj oujc, c, ak akss gstkotgrèks lofauygo krfks, qug sco fcotgogjcrgs c fkmks qug fcotlgogo krtèfuacs sugatcs. Ocrhkahgotg, tkotc go gstkotgrèks fchc go krfks sg kahkfgoko krtèfuacs lojlvljukags.

 

Bcjgiks Kutchktlzkjks. Ak tgfocacièk kvkozk fkjk vgz hës rëpljc uok hugstrk jg gaac gs ak lotrcjufflöo jg slstghks jg fcotrca kutchktlzkjcs5 fcotrcako acs lovgotkrlcs y kilaltko acs prcfgscs, acs slstghks kutchktlzkjcs go aks bcjgiks rgjufgo c galhloko jg ak lotgrvgoflöo duhkok pkrk hkogmkr ga slstghk (Bcjgiks hkoukags)

Nkftcrgs qug fcosljgrkr pkrk ak lhpaghgotkflöo jg bcjgiks hkoukags gfcoöhlfks. 

Ga oýhgrc jg krtèfuacs jg aèogk kahkfgokjcs.

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Ga oýhgrc jg falgotgs k qulgogs sg ktlgojg.

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Ga vcauhgo jg blgogs ghbkrfkjcs.

Ak kutchktlzkflöo y fcotrca fchputkrlzkjc jg aks bcjgiks sco hës fcovgolgotgs, pkrk acs fgotrcs jg jlstrlbuflöo c crikolzkflcogs (Ghprgsks) go fukotc k fcstcs yk qug tltlgo qug gogo go uok uok ir irko ko fkot fkotlj ljkj kj jg krtè krtèfu fuac acss go aèaèog ogk5 k5 pcr pcr ga fc fcot otrk rkrl rlc, c, sl ak crikolzkflöo/fgotrc jg jlstrlbuflöo fukotk fco uok fkotljkj jg krtèfuacs pgqugûk oc gs fcovgolgotg fcovgolgotg lhpag lhpaghgotkr hgotkr ga slstghk jg bcjgi bcjgikk kutchktlzkjc kutchktlzkjc pugstc qug ga fcstc gs fkrc.

Vlstghks jg kahkfgokhlgotc/rgfupgrkflöo (KV/RV) Wo KV/RV fcoslstg, igogrkahgotg, go uo slstghk fcotrcakjc pcr crjgokjcr qug rgkalzk cpgrkflcogs jg kahkfgokhlgotc y rgfupgrkflöo fco vgacfljkj y gxkftltuj bkmc uo jgtgrhlokjc irkjc jg kutchktlzkflöo.

Zlpcs jg (KV/RV) Wolt Ackj KV/RV (KV/RV jg uoljkj jg fkrik) Ga KV/RV jg uoljkj jg fkrik gs, tèplfkhgotg, uo irko slstghk kutchktlzkjc jlsgûkjc pkrk hkolpuakr uoljkjgs jg fkrik kahkfgokjks scbrg paktkncrhks c go

 

ctrcs fcotgogjcrgs gstëojkr. Ga slstghk sg fcotrcak pcr crjgokjcr y aks hëquloks jg V/R sg kutchktlzko y jlsgûko pkrk hkogmkr acs fcotgogjcrgs jg uoljkj jg fkrik.

Jggp-Akog KV/RV= Ga Jggp-Akog KV/RV Gs kprcplkjc fukojc sg kahkfgoko irkojgs fkotljkjgs jg stcfe, pgrc ga oýhgrc jg VEW jlngrgotgs gs rgaktlvkhgotg pgqugûc. Go gstg slstghk sg kahkfgoko uok fkrik jgtrës jg ak ctrk. Aks fkriks sg fcigo pcr uo akjc jga gstkotg pcr uo tlpc jg hëqulok V/R jlsgûkjk pkrk ak rgfupgrkflöo, y sg usk ctrk hëqulok pcr ga akjc jg gotrkjk jga gstkotg pkrk ak gotrkjk jg fkrik.

Hlol ackj KV/RV (KV/RV jg hlol fkrik) Ga KV/R KV/RVV jg hlol hlol fk fkri rikk sg ghpa ghpagk gk pkrk pkrk hk hkog ogmkr mkr pgqu pgqugû gûks ks fk fkri riks ks (p (pkr krtg tgss lojlvljukags lojlvl jukags c prcvlslcogs) prcvlslcogs) qug gstëo fcotgoljks fcotgoljks go krfks c fkmcogs fkmcogs go ga slstghk jg kahkfgokmg. Ak hëqulok jg V/R sg jlsgûk pkrk rgfupgrkr ga krfk y gotrgikrak k uok gstkflöo P&J ka nloka jga pkslaac, jcojg acs krtèfuacs lojlvljukags sg gxtrkgo jg aks krfks. Ak gstkflöo P&J, pcr ac igogrka, gs hkogmkjk pcr uo trkbkmkjcr duhkoc.

Hko-Co-Bckrj KV/RV (KV/RV jg dchbrg kbcrjc) Ga KV/RV jg dchbrg k bcrjc pgrhltg fcigr krtèfuacs lojlvljukags jlrgftkhgotg jg sus pcslflcogs jg kahkfgokmg pcr uo cpgrkjcr duhkoc qug vk hcotkjc go ga fkrrc jg ak hëqulok V/R.

 Kutchktgj ètgh rgtrlgvka systgh (Vlstghk kutchktlzkjc jg rgfupgrkflöo jg krtèfuac) Gstcs slstghks pgrhltgo pgrhltgo ak rgfu rgfupgrkfl pgrkflöo öo jg krtèfuacs lojlvljukags. lojlvljukags. Acs krtèfuacs krtèfuacs sg kahkfgoko go fkrrlags. Fukojc sg qulgrg rgfupgrkr uo krtèfuac, ìstg sg ghpumk jg su fkrrla y sg jgmk fkgr go uo trkospcrtkjcr pkrk ak gotrgik go ak gstkflöo jg rgfciljk. Ga slstghk sg rgaagok pgrlöjlfkhgotg pcr ak pkrtg trksgrk, pgrhltlgojc ksè 

 

uok rctk rctkfl flöo öo PGPV PGPV jga jga lo lovg vgot otkr krlc lc.. ^grt ^grtlf lfka ka alalnt nt st stcr crki kigg hcju hcjuag agss (Höj (Höjua uacs cs jg kahkfgokmg jg agvkotkhlgotc vgrtlfkags). Zkhblìo sg fcocfgo fchc slstghks kutchktlzkjcs kutchkt lzkjcs jg kahkfgokhlgo kahkfgokhlgotc/rg tc/rgfupgr fupgrkflöo kflöo jg agvkotkhlgot agvkotkhlgotcc vgrtlfka vgrtlfka (^A KV/RV). Ghpagko uo pkslaac fgotrka vgrtlfka pkrk tgogr kffgsc kffgsc k aks fkriks. Wok jg aks tgfocacièks tgfocacièks hës utlalz utlalzkjks kjks fchc prcfgsc kutchktlzk kutchktlzkjc jc sco föjlics föjlics jg bkrrko gstg hìtcjc pgrhltg ljgotlnlfkr fkjk uoc jg acs prcjuftcs qug loirgsko c skago jg aks bcjgiks. Laustrkflöo 4 "Fcjlnlfkflöo jg bkrrks" 

U FLZKZLCO ZGF;< Qa 2074 X

Zkbak ; "Jlngrgoflks gotrg bcjgiks hkoukags y kutchktlzkjks" 

JLNGRGOFLKV GOZRG BCJGIKV HKOWKAGV \ KWZCHKZL]KJKV. BCJGIKV HKOWKAGV. BCJGIKV KWZCHKZL]KJKV. Crikolzk jg kfugrjc ka pgrscoka qug Ga hcvlhlgotc jga prcjuftc tgrhlokjc aks c hktgrlka gs kutchëtlfc. Hkogmk. Crikolzk olzk jg kf kfuugrjc ka tlpc jg Lhpaghgo hgotko gqul ulppcs kutchktlzkjcs

 

gstkotgrèk. fchc trkospcrtkjcrgs k acs KV Gs jlnlfuatcsc hgjlr ak gnlflgoflk jg acs Ak gnlflgoflk gnlflgoflk pugjg hgjlrhg hgjlrhg hgjlk hgjlkotg otg prcfgscs. fëafuacs y nörhuaks.

Rgngrgoflks  Kabkfgtg, I. A. (0< jg 0< jg 20;