THESIS-v1.docx

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PROACTIVE CAMERA – ENABLED VEHICLE SECURITY SYSTEM USING GSM – GPS NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGY

AGUILON, JAMES LLOYD J. ALVAREZ, HADRIAN D. CLEOFE, MARK EDWIN, JR. R. VILLARUZ, ANNETHONETTE G.

SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, QUEZON CITY POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

JANUARY 2015

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CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

1.1 Background of the Study Republic Act No. 6539 – An Act Preventing and Penalizing Carnapping or “Anti – Carnapping Act of 1972” defines carnapping (vehicle theft) as taking, with intent to gain, of a motor vehicle belonging to another without the latter’s consent, or by means of violence against or intimidation of persons, or by using force upon things. In the last few years, vehicle theft has been one of the most committed crimes across the globe. In the United States of America alone, there were an estimated 721, 053 thefts of motor vehicles nationwide in 2012 (Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Report: Crime in the United States, 2012). Motor vehicles include all land vehicles with an engine that run on the road, including cars, motorcycles, buses, lorries, construction and agricultural vehicles. The estimated rate of motor vehicle thefts was 229.7 per 100, 000 inhabitants. Furthermore, the United States have a record of 1, 261, 226 thefts way back 2003, which made it the country with the most number of vehicle thefts since 2003 up to 2012 in the world, with a rate of 430.6 (per 100, 000 inhabitants). More than $4.3 billion (Php 193.5 billion) was lost to motor vehicle thefts in 2012 alone. The average dollar loss per stolen vehicle was $6, 019 (Php 270, 855). (FBI, UCR: Crime in the United States, 2012). However, it wasn’t until 2006 from which the United States experienced the most drastic record of private car thievery worldwide since 2003 up to 2012, with 852, 600

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cases and a rate of 283.3. Italy came in second with 182, 524 cases which gave a rate of 309.0. Sweden, on the other hand, reported 31, 588 vehicle thefts on 2005, making them the country with the highest rate, 349.8 per 100, 000 population from 2003 to 2012. This is closely followed by Bahrain with 3, 030 cases, also in 2005, with a rate of 344.5 (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2013). Philippines also got its fair share of motor vehicle thefts. Just recently, Philippine National Police – Directorate for Investigation and Detective Management (PNP – DIDM) records indicate that the cases of car theft in the country jumped to 10, 039 from 5, 599 last year. (The Philippine Star, 2015). With 84 percent of all incidents, National Capital Region (NCR) documented the biggest number of stolen vehicles in the country in 2011, via PNP – Highway Patrol Group. The Region 4A (CALABARZON) and Region 3 (Central Luzon) were a distant second and third, accounting ten percent and five percent of the total, respectively. In Metro Manila, 26 percent of all cases (71 stolen cars and 45 stolen motorcycles) occurred in Quezon City. Manila came in second with 21 percent (48 cars and 44 motorcycles stolen) while Makati was a far third with only seven percent (Philippine Daily Inquirer, 2011). Out of around 286 stolen motor vehicles during January to April, 2011, 207 were stolen while parked (SWP), while 60 were either seized at gunpoint (SAG) with intimidation or forcibly taken. SWP accounts for 72.37 percent of the total vehicle theft incidents in the time period (National Statistics Office: The Philippines in Figures 2011, 2011).

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In the most recent records of PNP Crime Maps this year, Quezon City topped the list of having the most number of car thefts in Metro Manila from January 1 to September 9, 2015, with 170 cases in total. Valenzuela and Manila followed with 22 and 21 cases of vehicle theft, respectively. Mandaluyong came fourth with 15 cases, while Pasig and San Juan tied at the fifth spot with 14 cases (Manila Bulletin, 2015). With all these alarming rates of vehicle thefts across the globe, everyone should take precaution. These records only ascertained that despite the built-in security features of today’s car models and firm police programs of law-implementation, one still cannot fully ensure the safety of their vehicles, and their lives in extension.

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1.2 Introduction There is no doubt that Philippines has progressed these last few decades at such an enormous rate that a lot of companies have strongly established themselves here. Vast amount of workforce is what these companies bring with them. Although transportation to such a large mass has been tended by the government via public transportation systems, there are still a lot of aspects that made public commute uncomfortable and nerve-wracking. Purchasing your own vehicle is no longer a luxury but a necessity, especially to those who work in the metro. Vehicle theft is one of the many concerns when owning a private car. To solve this issue, GSM – GPS system can be incorporated to the security system of your vehicle. The development of satellite communication technology made it easy to determine the vehicle whereabouts. Nowadays, GPS used in cars, ambulances, fleets and police vehicles are common sights on the roads of developed countries (Ramani et al, 2013). The GPS/GSM Based System is one of the most vital systems, which integrates both GSM and GPS technologies. It is necessary due to the many of applications of both GSM and GPS systems and the wide usage of them by millions of people throughout the world (Chen et al, 2010). This system which is designed for private cars, provides realtime location and vehicle manipulation at fairly and considerable features. The Proactive Camera – Enabled Vehicular Security System using GSM – GPS Navigation Technology uses short message services (SMS) protocol available in the cellular phone to achieve the control and communication between the user and the

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proposed system. Upon leaving the car, the owner should send a text message to the system, “Activate,” to enable the security system. Then upon entering, the word “Deactivate” will disable the entire security system. The system uses infrared sensors which will be able to detect movement in the car. When it does detect movement, the system will then enable the Internet Protocol Camera to take a picture and then send a text message to the owner. The message content is “Somebody illegally entered your car. Check the feed at (IP Address).” The owner will then be able to send an SMS with the keyword, “Secure.” The system program will then verify the code, if correct, inactivates the vehicle system via Relay Switch and send the current location: latitude and longitude coordinates (GPS data) where the vehicle is via SMS again to the owner. The disable feature of this system prevents the snatcher from taking the vehicle any further. The proposed system determines the current location of the vehicle via GPS. This system uses SkyNav SKG25B, which is a complete GPS engine module that features super sensitivity, ultra-low power and small form factor. The GPS signal is applied to the antenna input of module, and a complete serial data message with position, velocity and time information is presented at the serial interface with NMEA protocol or custom protocol. It is based on the high performance features of the MediaTek MT3329 singlechip architecture, its –165dBm tracking sensitivity extends positioning coverage into place like urban canyons and dense foliage environment where the GPS was not possible before. The small form factor and low power consumption make the module easy to integrate into portable device like PNDs, mobile phones, cameras and vehicle navigation systems.

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Also, the system uses SIM900 GSM-GPRS Module for its GSM connection. It offers Quad-Band Range and has 3.3V TTL serial port. An IP Camera is used for realtime feed of the car. Arduino (Gizduino V) makes up for the integration and data analysis gathered by the system modules.

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1.3 Conceptual Framework This study presents a new design for a vehicle anti-theft system as a solution to secure cars from unauthorized access. It is an enhancement and development of the already existing security system to attain the economic environment for security, maintenance and productivity basis. It is incorporated with GPS technology to track and locate position of the car. The input automatically sends warning message to the owner when an intruder was detected. Automatically the system informs the owner and block the possible theft of the vehicle. The protection form of the program allows the car owner to track, locate and view the current alterations within the car. The software design was constructed and developed to introduce the car owner with a new system that allows tracking and determining the location of the car. It also allows the car owner to use an android phone for detecting an intruder in the vehicle. Furthermore, using IP Cam, the car owner will know who the non-authorized user is.

QUEZON CITY POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY 673 Quirino Highway, San Bartolome, Novaliches, Quezon City College of Engineering Electronics Engineering Department

QUEZON CITY POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY 673 Quirino Highway, San Bartolome, Novaliches, Quezon City College of Engineering Electronics Engineering Department

1.4 Theoretical Framework Global Positioning System Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. GPS satellites circle the earth twice a day in a very precise orbit and transmit signal information to earth. GPS receivers take this information and use tri-lateration to calculate the user's exact location. Essentially, the GPS receiver compares the time a signal was transmitted by a satellite with the time it was received. Android Mobile Android is a mobile operating system (OS) currently developed by Google, based on the Linux kernel and designed primarily for touch-screen mobile devices such as smart-phones and tablets. Android technology system is open for modification. Google came up with an innovative operation system termed as ANDROID, which is open system architecture with customizable third party development and debugging environment which helps the user’s to manipulate the features and it offers developers free platform to make their own applications. This gives users the opportunity to change and enhance products based on personal preferences.

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Anti-Theft System An anti-theft system is any device or method used to prevent or deter the unauthorized appropriation of items considered valuable. There are two kinds of antitheft system, Passive and Active Anti-theft Systems. Passive and active anti-theft devices are the two options available when considering an anti-theft system. Passive devices automatically arm themselves when the vehicle is turned off, the ignition key removed, or a door is shut. No additional action is required. Active devices require some independent physical action before they are set, such as pushing a button, or placing a "lock" over a vehicle component part. This physical action must be repeated every time the anti-theft device is set or it will not function. Short Message Service Short Message Service (SMS) is a text messaging service component of phone, Web, or mobile communication systems. It uses standardized communications protocols to allow fixed line or mobile phone devices to exchange short text messages. The term "SMS" is used for both the user activity and all types of short text messaging in many parts of the world. SMS allows for text messages of 160 characters (letters, numbers and symbols) in length. Or for other alphabets, such as Chinese or Arabic, the maximum message size is limited to just 70 characters.

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Internet Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link billions of devices worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries an extensive range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents and applications of the World Wide Web (WWW), electronic mail, telephony, and peer-to-peer networks for file sharing. Internet Protocol Internet Protocol (IP) is the principal communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries. Its routing function enables internetworking, and essentially establishes the Internet. Internet Protocol is responsible for addressing hosts and for routing datagrams (packets) from a source host to a destination host across one or more IP networks. For this purpose, the Internet Protocol defines the format of packets and provides an addressing system that has two functions: identifying hosts; and providing a logical location service.

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1.5 Statement of the Problem/ Objectives 1. To create and provide a design for enhancement of an anti-theft and protection system for vehicles that will heighten the security status and also raise the difficulty of theft to an almost infeasible level 2. To offer an easy and struggle-free means to locate your missing or thieved car 3. To upsurge owners’ involvement in the security system of their vehicles 4. To potentially lessen the number of auto thefts and to support local law enforcement and government in reducing overall crime 5. To conserve the resources, like time and police force, which is normally needed to address vehicle thefts

1.6 Scope and Delimitation This study focuses to present the feasibility, cost-efficiency, and reimbursements of a smart vehicle security system in improving the already existing safekeeping features of today’s vehicles. The system prototype was tested with a 3 x 1 foot remote – controlled car as a simulation. The concept, however, remains the same. The relay will still cut up the power supply of the remote-controlled car as it would in an actual vehicle. The data gathered are susceptible to control variables that may influence the results of the experimentation.

1.7 Significance of the Study

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The reason why this study is vital can be explained in three aspects. First, the findings of this research will redound to the benefit of the society considering that vehicle plays such a vital role in today’s civilization. Vehicles evidently paved the way for modernization and technological advancements in so many levels, and its safekeeping is above monetary concerns. This is no longer about how one can buy another vehicle, it’s about how we keep ourselves protected from criminals, who maybe desperate enough to end one’s life. Second, it will provide an enhancement to an already existing security features of today’s vehicles and thereby increasing the level of infeasibility of vehicle theft. It will address newer vehicle theft techniques that obviously outwitted the security which vehicle manufacturers offer nowadays. Third, the use this new technology will potentially assist law enforcement programs in addressing the alarming rates of crimes across the globe. Since most of the getaway vehicles used in various crimes are stolen, decreasing the rate of stolen car will correspond to a decrease also in other crimes. Moreover, it is already evident that not using a stolen car will easily give away their identifications.

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1.8 Definition of Terms

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CHAPTER II DISCUSSION OF PRIOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 2.1 Foreign Research and Development In many previous research works, the authors have given some analytical view of the circuit used in the various projects, while in some other global positioning system (GPS) is commonly used as global navigation satellite system is used to locate the vehicles and also to stop the vehicle if stolen. The location information is sent in the form of message containing latitude, longitude and speed information to the owner of the vehicle or location can also be traced using internet through Google maps. A number of developments have taken place in anti-theft systems for vehicles and some of the relevant ones are as follows. The utilization of ARM 7 microcontroller, GSM and GPS module together with an accelerometer and temperature sensor is carried out by Joshi and Mahajan [Arm 7 based theft control, accident detection and vehicle positioning system, July 2014]. The GPS and GSM module is being utilized for following the area of vehicle. The extra part is being included is the accelerometer which essentially contains the MEMS sensor offering a low-pass filter and is fundamentally utilized for Shake Detection, Orientation Detection and Tap Detection. The utilization of temperature sensor is additionally being carried out with a specific end goal to acquire the vehicle engine temperature which changes over the estimation of temperature into electrical signal.

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A hybrid GPS-GSM localization of vehicles Tracking System has been developed by Al-Khedher [Hybrid GPS-GSM localization of automobile tracking system, 2011] that portrays an incorporated GPS-GSM framework to track vehicles utilizing Google Earth application. The remote module has a GPS mounted on the moving vehicle to recognize its present position, and to be exchanged by GSM with different parameters procured by the car's information port as a SMS to a beneficiary station. The received GPS directions or coordinates are sifted utilizing a Kalman filter to upgrade the precision of measured position. After information processing, Google Earth application is utilized to view the current area and status of every vehicle. This objective of this framework is to oversee armada, police cars dissemination and auto burglary alerts. A security system based on RFID, GPS and GSM by S. S. Pethakar, N. Srivastava and S. D. Suryawanshi [RFID, GPS and GSM based vehicle tracing and employee security system, 2012] consolidate the establishment of an electronic gadget in a vehicle, with reason planned machine programming to empower the organization to track the vehicle's area. At the point when the car pics the worker; he/she needs to swap the RFID card. The micro controller matches the RFID card no. with its database records and sends the representative's id, taxi id & the taxicab position co-ordinates to the organization unit by means of GSM module. The GSM Modem will get the message through GSM in the organization unit. On the off chance that worker ends up/herself in an issue, he/she will press the catch. Microcontroller will distinguish the activity and sends a signal to the GSM which will arrange with to the organization unit and police.

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The configuration and advancement of a burglary control framework for an automobile, which is being utilized to anticipate/control the robbery of a vehicle has been accounted for by Wankhade and Dahad [Real time vehicle locking and tracking system using GSM and GPS technology-an anti-theft system, 2011]. The created framework makes utilization of an implanted framework focused around Global System for Mobile correspondence (GSM) engineering. The planned and created framework is introduced in the vehicle. An interfacing portable is additionally associated with the microcontroller, which is thusly, joined with the engine. Once, the vehicle is being stolen, the data is being utilized by the vehicle manager for further handling. The data is passed onto the focal handling protection framework which is as the SMS, the microcontroller unit peruses the SMS and sends it to the Global Positioning System (GPS) module and utilizing the triangulation system, GPS module sustains the precise area as scope and longitude to the client's versatile. Shaikh et al. [Arm7 based smart car security system, 2012] describe arm7 based smart car security system. The principle point of this undertaking is to offer a development security framework in automobile, which comprises of a face detection subsystem, a GPS module, a GSM module and a control stage. The face location subsystem can discover confronts in vehicle amid the period in which no one ought to be in the auto, and make an alert uproariously or soundlessly. Alternate modules transmit vital data to clients and help to keep eyes on vehicle constantly, actually when the vehicle is lost. This framework model is based on the base of one inserted stage Arm7 which controls all the processes.

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Jian-ming et al. [Automobile anti-theft system based on GSM and GPS module, 2012] describe vehicles against robbery framework utilizing GSM and GPS module. The framework is created utilizing fast blended sort single-chip C8051f120 and stolen vehicle is discovered by the utilization of vibration sensor. The framework stays in contact with auto holder through the GSM module, for the safety and reliability of car. Kaushik et al. [Anti-Theft vehicle security system, 2014] depicts an Anti-burglary vehicle security framework which plans to permit access to the vehicle just if the individual's finger impression matches with that put away in the framework .The correlation will happen in MATLAB and result will be demonstrated on the LCD. On the off chance that through illicit means the vehicle is accessed then vehicle fuel tank will be bolted through Relay circuit so that at whatever point the tank gets unfilled, unapproved individual will never again have the capacity to refuel the tank. Ibrahim et al. [Microcontroller based anti-theft security system using GSM networks with text message as feedback, 2012] describe a hostile to burglary security framework that uses an installed framework outline with Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF) and a GSM to screen and shield an automobile. It secures the auto or vehicle against burglary. Upon actuation, it naturally grounds the auto by detaching the ignition scratch supply from the auto battery. In an attempt of theft through the car doors or boot, the system sends text message to the car owner and at the same time starts up an alarm. Nagaraja et al. [Design and development of a GSM based vehicle theft control system, 2009] describe the outline and improvement of a GSM based vehicle robbery

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control framework for a car. The created framework makes utilization of an inserted framework focused around GSM innovation. An interfacing mobile or GSM modem is associated with the microcontroller, which in term is joined with the engine through relay. In the event that the vehicle is stolen, the data is sent to the owner that somebody has stolen his vehicle. After that the user or owner will send the message to GSM modem or mobile which is joined with motor ignition through transfer or relay to switch off the engine. Rashed et al. [A real time GSM/GPS based tracking system based on GSM mobile phone, 2014] describe a GPS based tracking system that keeps track of the location of a vehicle and its speed based on a mobile phone text messaging system. The system is able to provide real-time text alerts for speed and location. The present location can be locked and the system will alert the owner if the vehicle is moved from its present locked location. In every one hour the GSM modem or mobile will inform the owner by messaging its location in the form of latitude, longitude and speed information. The owner or user can control or stop the vehicle by simply sending the message stop to GSM modem or mobile connected to circuitry board. After receiving that message ignition system will turn off.

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2.2 Local Research and Development Philippines also had its contribution in the research of utilizing GSM – GPS technology as an added security feature of vehicles. Some of the relevant ones are as follows. Tolentino, I. M. and Talampas, M. R., describe the design, development, and evaluation of a self-powered tracking system for vehicle security. 3 piezoelectric generators (PG) in cantilever beam configuration were tuned to the dominant frequency of a test vehicle. Voltage doublers were used to rectify the piezoelectric outputs and to isolate the PGs. The harvester designed is not a perturb-and-observe type but directly uses the rectified piezoelectric signals to track the maximum power point. With 30% deviation from the nominal vibration magnitude and 1Hz deviation from the nominal frequency, the harvester is able to maintain its operation within 6% of the MPP. The harvester is able to operate with up to 70.86% efficiency and output 19.8mW of power while consuming a maximum of 200uW. A 2-tank energy storage unit composed of a super capacitor and an 860 mAh Li-Ion battery stores harvested energy and ensures continuous operation of the harvester. The stored energy is used to power the harvester circuitry, control unit, GPS and GSM modules. The tracking unit was tested by attaching it to the rear axle of the test vehicle. The operation and performance of the overall system were evaluated using the actual vibration profiles of the test vehicle.

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

3.1 Designs and Procedure 3.2 Plan and Circuits

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3.3 Respondents of the Study The qualified respondents for this study are various drivers from different parts of Quezon City. These drivers were selected as respondents regardless of age, socioeconomic status, religious affiliation, gender, educational attainment, occupation and marital status. As long as they drive vehicles, they are fitted as target group. The respondents are classified as drivers of two-wheel, three-wheel, and four-wheel vehicles. They are the ones who are the well-informed enough to answer the problems posed in the present study. They answered the questionnaire that the researchers gave them which supplies the necessary information this study requires. 3.4 Research Instruments In order for us to get all the data we need, we have conducted a survey. This survey is a convenient way to gather their insights about a vehicle tracking and security device. The instrument we use for us to get information is a survey questionnaire. We produce a set of printed or written questions with a choice of answers for our respondents. The survey questionnaire is prepared in Filipino in order for the respondents to express their discernments better. The survey questionnaire used in the study is below: SURVEY FOR VEHICLE TRACKING AND SECURITY DEVICE 1. Ano ang opinyon mo sa isang vehicle security device na hindi lang nagta-track ng location ng iyong sasakyan, kundi kumukuha rin ng litrato ng isang potential na vehicle thief gamit ang dashboard camera at isesend sayo gamit ang Internet?

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(What is your opinion about a vehicle security device which not only tracks your vehicle, but also captures photo of a potential vehicle thief via dashboard camera and will send you the photo through the Internet?) a) Maganda ito at nakatutulong ng malaki sa pangangalaga ng seguridad ng sasakyan. (This is good and very helpful in keeping the vehicle security tight.) b) Maganda ito subalit may mga pag-aalinlangan ako ukol dito gaya ng (This is

good

but

I

have

reservations

like)

_______________________________ ___________________________________________________________. c) Hindi, sapagkat (No, because) ___________________________________. d) Iba pang sagot (Other answers): ____________________________. 2. Sa iyong palagay, gaano ito makakatulong sa pagkontrol ng dumaraming kaso ng pagnanakaw ng sasakyan? (In your opinion, how is this going to help the issue of vehicle theft growth rate?) a) Lubos itong makatutulong. (This is very helpful.) b) Makatutulong ng bahagya. (This is going to help marginally.) c) Hindi makatutulong at hindi rin makasasama. (This is not going to help and is not going to be harmful either.)

3. Bilang isang may-ari ng sasakyan, ikaw ba ay naniniwalang personal na makatutulong sa iyo ang device na ito? (Being an owner of a vehicle, do you personally believe that this device is going to be helpful to you?)

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a) Oo, sapagkat lubos nitong maagapan ang pagnanakaw ng sasakyan. (Yes, because this going to prevent vehicle thievery to a great extent). b) Oo, sapagkat dinaragdagan nito ang partisipasyon ng may-ari sa seguridad ng sasakyan. (Yes, because this increases the involvement of the owner with their vehicle’s security program). c) Hindi, sapagkat

(No,

because)

___________________________________. 4. Maliban sa pagta-track ng location at pagkuha ng litrato gamit ang dashboard camera, mayroon ka bang nais na maidagdag na feature dito? Kung meron anuano ang mga ito? (Aside from tracking location and capturing a photo via dashboard camera, do you have anything to add up on it? If yes, what are those?) __________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________. 5. Sa iyong palagay, anu-ano ang mga advantages at disadvantages ng device na it? (In your view, what are the advantages and disadvantages of this device?) __________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________.

3.5 Statistical Treatment of Data

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REFERENCES/ LITERATURE CITED Federal Bureau of Investigation (2012). Uniform Crime Report: Crime in the United States,

2012.

Retrieved

from

https://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/crime-in-the-

u.s/2012/crime-in-the-u.s.-2012/property-crime/motor-vehicle-theft United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2013). Retrieved from www.unodc.org The Philippine Star (2015. Philippine crime rate up by 46%. Retrieved from http://www.philstar.com/metro/2015/08/03/1483869/philippine-crime-rate-46 Philippine Daily Inquirer (2011). 8 out of 10 car thefts in Philippines occur in Metro Manila. Retrieved

from

http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/40089/8-out-of-10-car-thefts-in-

philippines-occur-in-metro-manila National Statistics Office (2011). The Philippines in Figures 2011. Retrieved from https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/2011%20PIF_final.pdf Manila Bulletin (2015). Top 5 Metro Manila cities your car is most likely to get stolen in Retrieved

from

http://www.mb.com.ph/top-5-metro-manila-cities-your-car-is-most-

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QUEZON CITY POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY 673 Quirino Highway, San Bartolome, Novaliches, Quezon City College of Engineering Electronics Engineering Department

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