The World Chess Crown Challenge - Kasparov vs Karpov Seville 87

The World Chess Cl'OCIln Challenge KASPAROV US KARPOV seuDle 87 A n n otated by I nternatio n a l G ra n d m aster D AV I D B R O N STE I N Transl ated by O LEG Z I L B E R T

Raduga Publishers Moscow

Translation from the Russian Edited by Graham Whittaker and Yevgeni Kopytkin

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Editor of the Russian text Valeri Yefremov Art editor Lyubov Cheltsova Designed by Vladimir Miroshnichenko Photographs by Dmitri Donskoi

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© Raduga Publishers 1 988. Photographs

Printed in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

I S B N 5 -05-00 2349- 1

FROM THE EDITORS Garri Kasparov was born in 1 96 3 . He became an Inter­ national Grandmaster In 1 980, Soviet Champion in 1 98 1 and World Champion In 1 985. He IS the winner of four "Chess Oscars", his FIDE rating as of 1 st July, 1 987, is 2 740. Anatoly Karpov was born in 1 95 1 He became an Inter­ national Grandmaster in 1 97 0 , Soviet Champion in 1 9 76 and 1 983. Karpov held the world title from 1 9 7 5 to 1 985. He has won nine "Chess Oscars", his FIDE rating as of 1 st July, 1 98 7 , being 2700. Kasparov's seconds: Alexander NIkitln, USSR Merited Coach, losif Dorfman and Sergei Dolmatov, both Inter· national Grandmasters, and also Zurab Azmalparashvlll, International Master. Karpov is seconded by the International Grandmasters Igor Zaitsev and Konstantin Lerner and the International Masters Mikhail Podgayets andEllzbar Ubilava. The competitor who scores at least 1 2.5 points or WinS SIX games IS the winner of thiS 24-game match. If the score of the match is even ( 1 2 : 1 21. the World Champion retains hiS title. The prize fund of the.match amounts to two million eight hundred thousand Swiss francs. This is the fourth match for the world' title between these two players. Their first (unlimited) competition (September 1 984 -February 1 985) was interrupted by FIDE President Florencio Campomanes without declaring a winner, when the score was +5 - 3 =40 in favour of Karpov. The second and third contests were won by Kasparov, the scores being +5 -3 = 1 6 and +5-4=1 5 respectively. Before the Seville Match the players had met each other over the chess-board one hundred times exactly, the total score being + 1 3 - 1 2 =75 In favour of Kasparov. David Bronstein, an outstanding International Grand­ master, once a Challenger himself, illuminates the underlying philosophy of each game of this exciting contest. For the benefit of our readers, we also present notes by eminent Grandmasters who covered the match in the chess media, some notes (marked Ed.) have also been added by the editors expressly for the benefit of beginners. 5

Contents G A M E O NE. Gruenfeld Defence .

7

G A ME T W O. English Opening . .

10

G A ME T G A ME F

H REE. Gruenfeld Defence 0 U R. English Opening .

18 21

G A ME F IVE. Gruenfeld Defence . .

26

G A ME S IX. English Opening . . . . .

31

G A ME SEVE N . Gruenfeld Defence G A ME E l G

35

H T. English Opening . .

G A ME N I NE. Gruenfeld Defence . G A ME TE N. Caro-Kann Defence

44

.

50

. . .

56

G A ME E LEVE N. Gruenfeld Defence .

59

G A M E T W E L VE . Queen's Gambit Declined

64

H I R TEEN. Gruenfeld Defence . . 0 U R TEE N . Caro-Kann Defence .

67

G A ME F 1F T EEN. Gruenfeld Defence . . .

92

G A ME S IX TEEN . English Opening . . . . . G A M E SEVEN TEEN. King's Indian Defence

97 1 05

GA M E El G H TEEN. Queen's Gambit Declined .

1 10

G A ME N INE T EEN. Queen's Gambit Declined G A ME T WE N T Y. Queen's Gambit Declined .

1 22

G A ME T G A ME F

89

115

Y - 0 NE. Gruenfeld Defence Y TW O . Queen's Gambit

1 27

Declined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1 32

G A ME T WE N T G A ME T WEN T

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Y - T H REE. Gruenfeld Defence 1 36 G A ME T WE N T Y - F 0 U R. Retl Opening . . . . 1 45 G A ME T WEN T

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David Bronstein. Points Scored and Moves Played

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155

GAME ONE

Gruenfeld Defe nce G. Kasparov

A. Karpov

The f i rst encounter in a World Chess Champion­ sh i p M atch i nv a r i a b l y a ro u ses a n espec i a l l y great i nterest a m o n g the fo l l owe rs of th i s ancient game . What will Wh i te 's f i rst move be? Wh ich defen sive method wi l l B l ack ch oose? And wi l l the open i n g adopted for the f i rst battl e e n d u re th rough out t h e enti re contest, o r wi I I t h e opponents v a r y the i r open i ngs, try ing t o surprise each other i n every game ? 1 . d2-d4 N g8-f6 g 7 -g6 2 . c2-c4 3 . g2-g3 In the 1 3th game of the i r re-match ( Le n i ngrad , 1 986 ) Karpov p l ayed 3. Nf3.-Ed. 7

3. . .. c7-c6 4 . N g l -f3 Bf8-g7 5. B f l -g 2 d 7 -d 5 6 . c4xd5 c6xd5 7. N b l -c3 0-0 8. Nf3-e5 e7-e6 9. 0-0 Nf6-d 7 1 0. f2-f4 Nb8-c6 Th i s move, t h o u g h a l ready seen in grandmaster play (e. g . Karpov-Ch i burdan idze, B i l bao, 1 987 ) , has never before occ u r red in a Wo r l d Champ i onsh i p ga m e . Kasparov, however, h a s a n e w p l an.- Ed. Nd 7-b6 1 1 . Bcl-e3 The po i nt of B l ac k ' s i dea. H e i ntends to counter­ play on the Q- side.- Ed. 1 2 . B e3-f2 Bc8-d 7 1 3. e2-e4 Nc6-e7 Afte r 1 3. . .. de 1 4 . B x e4, B l ack wo u l d f i nd i t d i fficu l t to eq u a l ize.-Ed. Qd8xd7 1 4. Ne5xd7 . . (No. 1) 1 5 . e4-e 5 The l i n e of the G r u enfeld Defence adopted i n th i s game h a s l ed t o t h e comp l icated pos ition that i s shown i n the d i agram ( N o . 1 ) . The pawn cha i ns are stopped and the time has come for the p i eces to start manoeuv r i n g . At t h i s mome nt, Ka spa rov takes a rat h e r u nconvent i o n a l d e c i s i o n-not fear i ng a poss i b l e advance of t h e Wh ite Pawn s o n t h e K-side, h e beg i ns to concentrate h i s h eavy p i eces o n the open c- f i l e . Rf8-c8 1 5 . . .. Bg7-f8 1 6. R a l- c I 1 7. Bg2-f3 Th e suggest i o n h a s been made that Wh i te sh o u l d .

8

now open host i l ities on the K-side by advanc i ng h i s g- Pawn . Th is, however, wo u l d be too r i sky, for afte r 1 7 . g4 Rc7 , fo l l owe d by Rac8, B l ack wo u ld th reaten 1 9 . . . . N a4. A l so , the prepa ration of f4-f5 req u i res consi derab l e t i me-hence Ka rpov's r estra i ned move i n th e text. Rc8-c7 1 7. .. . R a 8-c8 1 8 . b2-b3 Ne 7-c6 1 9 . 0d l-d2 20. 0d 2-b2 The attempt to g a i n mate r i a l by 20. N b 5? wo u l d mere ly resu l t i n a d i saster f o r Wh ite after 20 . . . . Nxe5!, B l ack wi n n i ng at least a Pawn . By p l ay i ng the cautious move i n the text Wh ite str ives to cover the vu l nera b l e d a r k sq uares i n h i s O- s i d e camp.-Ed. 20. . . . a 7 -a 6 2 1 . Bf3-e2 Od 7-e7 22. Nc3- b l Aimed at prevent i n g 22 . . . . O a 3 , by wh ich B l ack wo u l d se ize t h e contro l of t h e c-f i l e . Wh i te can not of course a l low th i s, and he takes the necessary pre­ cauti ons. As a resu lt, th e position becomes rather

9

d u l l . Fi rst a cou p l e of Rooks are exchanged, then the repet ition of moves appears to b e u navoida b l e . 22. . . . Nc6-b4 Th reate n i n g 23 . . . . Rc2.-Ed. 23. N b l -c3 N b 4-c6 Nc6-b4 24. Nc3-bl 25. R cI-c5 A l ast attem pt to avoid the repet i t i o n of moves. -Ed. 25. .. . N b 6-d7 26. Rc5xc7 Rc8xc7 27 . N b l -c3 N b 4-c6 28 . Nc3-bl Nc6-b4 29 . N b l -c3 N b4-c6 . (No. 2) 30. Nc3-b l Here Kasparov mot ioned to the Referee and c l a i med the d raw, becau se afte r h i s i ntended 30 . . . . Nb4 t h e same position wo u l d occur for a t h i rd t i m e . - Ed. The f i rst game of t h e Sev i l le M atch h a s thus reve a l ed that the r i va l s, wh o a re we l l awa re of the long hard stru gg l e awa i t i ng them, are u nwi l l ing to ta ke chances-at l ea st, at th i s stage. The sco re is +0-0= 1 . . .

GAME TWO

English Opening G. Kasparov

A. Karpov

1 . c2-c4 2. N b l-c3 3. Ng l -f3

Ng8-f6 e 7-e 5 N b8-c6 10

4. g2-g3 BfS-b4 5 . Bf l-g2 Th is natural d e v e l o p i n g move h a s rece n t l y bee n looked upon as i nsuff i c i e nt for Wh i te to g a i n an advantage, and i t h a s g iven wa y to 5 . Nc3-d 5. The Wo r l d C h a m p i on d i sagrees with the verd i ct of the theoret i c i a n s and makes a n attempt to i nfuse new l i fe i nto the old l i ne . - Ed. 5. . . . 0-0 e5-e4 6. 0- 0 7 . N f3-g5 The sol i d 7. Nel Bxc3 S . dc h 6 has been consid ered the ma i n l i ne, though i t wo u ld resu l t in a rather d u l l ga m e . -Ed. 7. . .. Bb4xc3 S . b2xc3 RfS-eS 9. f2-f3 So far, the seco nd game h a s proceeded rath er qu i et l y . All of a sudd en comp l ications a r i se on the ch ess-board , for on his next move the ex-Champ ion offers a Pawn . e4-e3 ( No_ 3) 9. . . . 3

1 1

Had G a r r i Ka sparov acce pted t h e offer, the game wo u l d h ave proceeded by t h e cou rse of pos itiona l manoeuvr i n g . Wh ite wo u l d h ave reta i n ed h i s i n itiative on the K-s ide, wh i l e B l ack wo u l d h ave had the possi­ b i l ity of counter-attac k i ng o n t h e other wi ng. B l ack wo u l d h ave rega i ned the sacr ificed Pawn a nd the mate r i a l ba l ance wo u l d have been resto red . W i s h i ng to refute h is opponent's concept, t h e Wo r l d Ch am­ pion i s now deep in thou ght: shou l d he capture the Pawn at once or wo u l d h e be bette r s u r r o u n d i n g it now, to ta ke it i n a more favou ra b l e situation l ater ? The Wo r l d C h a m p i o n took o n e h o u r and twenty­ th ree m i n u tes on h i s tenth move, and decided to turn down the offer . I t i s noteworthy t h a t the t i m e taken to p l ay th i s move i s a record f o r a l l the previous games between th e same riva l s. The Pawn offer made by the ex­ Cham p i o n looks rat h e r natu r a l i n th i s pos i t i o n , and it has prev io u s l y occurred in simi l a r set-ups resu l t i ng from other ope n i ng s . B u t t h e ex perts c l a i m that i n th i s particu l a r position t h e m o v e i n the actua l game has never before been se en i n tou r n a m e nt pract ice. I t has been repo rted i n t h e ch ess med i a that i n the interv i ew g iven to Spa n ish te l e v i s i o n after the 2nd game An ato l y Karpov d i sc l o sed that th i s i n nova t i o n had bee n prepared by h i m for the Wo r l d Champion­ sh i p M atch with V ictor Korc h n o i i n M e rano, 1 98 1 . Now we know: i t can happen that an i m portant i nno­ vat i o n i s kept i n a p l ayer's "th eoretica l bag" for qu ite a time before a n opportu n i ty a r i ses to i nt rod uce it. - Ed. 1 0 . d 2-d3 d 7 -d 5 1 1 . Od l-b3 Th i s see m s t o b e t h e best. T h e l i ne 1 1 . c d N x d 5 12

1 2. N e 4 f5 1 3. c4 Nf6 1 4. Nc3 Nd4 1 5. f4 c6 i s wea k e r.- Ed. 1 1 . ... Nc6-a5 c7-c6 1 2. Qb3-a3 c6xd5 1 3. c4x d 5 N a 5-c6 1 4. f3-f4 Qd 8-c7 1 5. Ral-bl The com me ntato rs are far from u n a n i mo u s about th i s move, th e i r appra i sa l s rang i ng from a "?" to a "!".-Ed. Bc8-g4 1 6. BcI-b2 Whereas Ka rpov counts o n the speed i e r deve lop' ment of his p i eces to active posts Kasparov's hopes are p i n n ed on the i n ev i t a b l e activat ion of Wh ite's two strong B i sh ops. 1 7 . c3-c4 The op i n i o n has been expressed that th i s stra i ght· fo rwa rd attempt to b r i n g the Wh i te dark-squared B ishop i nto p l ay i s pre mature, Wh i te l os i ng h i s s l ight advantage as a resu lt.-Ed. d 5xc4 1 7. ,.. g 7 xf6 1 8 . B b2xf6 1 9 . N g5-e4 ... ( No. 4 ) When W h ite's d a rk·sq uared B i shop appea red on the l on g d i agona l and, h a v i ng captured the B l ack K n i g h t, shatte red the pawn she l te r of the B l ac k K i ng, i t seemed at f i rst g l a nce th at the Wo r l d Ch a m p i on had a strong attac k . Kg8-g7 1 9. . . . 20 . d3xc4 At th i s mome nt, Wh i te sh o u l d perhaps have rushed his K n i g h t to d6, a l though the consequences of th i s attack are h ard to est i m a te without long med i­ tat i o n . 13

Some c o m m e ntators c r i t i c i z e Wh i te's l ast move, suggest i n g , apart from B r o n ste i n ' s reco m m e ndation 20. Nd6, that W h i te shou ld cont i n u e 20. Qc3 . Th i s i m med iate th reat to the Pawn on f6 ca n , h owever, be parried by th e subtle 20. . . . Qd 8, fol l owed by 2 1 . . . . Qd4 or Nd4, wh e reas the obv i ou s 20 . . Qe7 wo u l d be mu c h we a k e r , because of 2 1 . R x b 7 ! Qxb7 22. Nxf6! Kf8 23. N xg4, g i v i ng Wh ite a crush i ng attac k.- Ed. R a 8-d 8 20 . . . . Ta k i ng adva ntage of t h e s l owed-down pace of W h i te's attack , Karpov i m m e d i ate l y bri ngs i nto play his Queen's Rook, wh ich seemed to be stuck to its corner, and thus m a k e s h i s pos i t i o n q u i te safe. The sca l e i s now be i ng more and more t i pped i n B l ack's favour . Mo reove r, Kasparov i s a l ready h a rd pressed for t i m e . One sh o u l d be j u st, h owever, and mention that Karpov i s a l so i n t i m e tro u b l e . F r om now o n , B l ack 's i n i t i ative grows stronger with each move. 2 1 . R b l-b3 G rand masters Alexei SUet i n and Eduard Gufeld both recom m e nd 2 1 . Nc3 here. Wh ite ca nnot capture .

4

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the B l ack e- Pawn , of cou rse, for 2 1 . Ox e3 i s met by 2 1 . . . . Bf5, whereby Wh i te wo u l d l ose h i s Kn i ght. 21 . ... Nc6-d4 Oc 7xc4 22 . Rb3xe3 N d 4-f5 23 . Kgl- h l Bg4xe2 24 . R e3-d3 25. R d 3 x d 8 Re8xd8 . . . (No. 5) 26 . R f l - e l And now a l itt l e d rama u n fo l d s before the a u d i ence on the stage of the Lo pe de Vega Th eatre i n Sev i l l e . H e r e i s h o w i t i s d e scr i bed by a n eye-wi tness, Grand­ master E d u a rd G u fe l d : "What happe ned towa rd s t h e e n d of the game wh en Kasparov, wh o had a d i ff icu l t , but perhaps defen s i b l e , pos i t i o n , forgot to push h i s c l oc k , remem­ ber i n g to do so o n l y afte r h i s opponent had taken a l oo k at the t i m e , ca n o n l y be e x p l a i ned as a con­ seq u e nce of the te r r i b l e stra i n he wa s under. .. The h i story of Wor l d Ch amp i o n sh i p Matches has recorded one oth e r such case : t h i s was in the 1 5th game of th e Smy s l ov- Botv i n n i k R et u r n Match in 1 958 wh en Botv i n n i k forfe ited a ( g reatly super i o r ) game as a resu l t of h i s forgetf u l n e ss . . . I do not th i n k that Ka rpov saw h i s opponent's s l i p . Even the j o u r na l i sts present at the game fa i led to notice the Wo r l d Ch am­ p i o n 's sensati o n a l lapse. I ndeed, Kasparov had mad e h i s move and Karpov wa s th i n k i ng over h i s rep l y : th e ex-Ch a m p ion a l so h a d . l i tt l e t i me l eft a n d s o h e took a n a n x i o u s loo k at his c l o c k . Karpov's anx iety was fe l t by Kasparov wh o g l a nced at h i s own c l ock and . . . O h , h o rror ! H e gave a start g r i pped his head i n his hands i n despa i r , h a st i l y pushed h i s c l ock, but a l a s ! i n ch ess, th i s l itt l e model of l i fe, l ost t i me can never be retu rned . " 15

R d 8-e 8 26 . . . . b7-b5 27 . Qa3-a 5 28. Ne4-d 2 Qc4-d 3 B e 2-f3 (No. 6) 29. Nd 2-b3 30. Bg2xf3 30. R xe8 is u n p l ay a b l e beca u se of the spectac u l a r 3 0 . . . . Q f l mate ! - Ed. Qd 3x f3+ 30 . . . . Re8xel+ 3 1 . K h l- g l N f 5-e3 (No. 7) 32. Qa 5 x e l Wh ite resigns. The Wh ite Queen can protect the squa res fl and g2 o n l y by go i n g to f2, th e n B l ack wo u l d re p l y Qd 1 + , and mate ( at f 1 ) on the fo l l ow i n g move is i nevita b l e . -Ed. Th i s game is s u re to g ive m u c h wo r k to anal ysts. When th ese n otes are b e i n g wr i tten, no c l ear-cut method of deve l op i ng W h i te's attack afte r B l ack's 1 9th move h a s yet been d i scovered. Pe rhaps Wh ite co u l d i mp rove o n h i s game ea r l ier, o n move 1 7 ? G o i n g back to th e dramatic i nc i d e nt after Wh ite's 26th move, we s h o u l d l i ke to repeat h e re t h e i nter6

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pretation of the F I D E r u l e s g i ve n by Internationa l R eferee V l adi m i r Dvorkov ich for t h e n ewspape r Sovetski sport.

"What h appened i n the second game i s i ndeed extraord i n a ry for top- level compet i t ions, espec i a l l y i n a 1N0rid Cham p i onsh i p M a tc h . Nh at do t h e r u l e s s a y i n s u c h a case ? I t s h o u l d b e noted f i rst o f a l l that a move in a game i s co nsidered to be comp l eted o n l y after it i s made on the board and the c l oc k i s pushed (the c l oc k of the one wh o has made the move is stopped , and h i s oppone nt's-started ) . So, for examp l e , if a participant wh o has t o make h i s control move does not succeed in push i n g h i s c l ock before the flag drops, h e i s considered to have l ost the game by forfe iture. "The FI DE r u l e s i n te rpret t h e Se v i l l e i nc ident as fo l l ows: if a part i c i pant forgets to push the c l oc k , the referee s h o u l d not i nterfere and d raw the part i c i pant's attention to the slip he has made. "At t h e same time, t h e Sov iet Chess Code (the 1 1 th ed i t i o n ) . by wh ich c h ess compet i tions i n the USS R ( but n ot e l sewh ere) are regu l ated, offe rs a d i fferent i nterpreta t i o n of t h e same s i tuation : ' I f a referee notices that a c h ess p l ayer, h a v i ng made h i s move, h a s forgotten t o p u s h h i s c l oc k , t h e referee sh o u l d rem i nd that p l ay e r to do so . ' "Th i s l atter i nterpreta t i o n appears t o b e more logica l , but a Wo r l d Ch a m p i onsh i p Match i s pl ayed accord i ng to the F I D E r u l e s and regu l at i ons. "Th e refore , wh e n the j o u r na l i sts asked the Ch ief R eferee of t h e Sev i l l e M atch for a n e x p l anation he tol d them that, a lthough h e h ad se en Ka spa rov's s l ip, h e h a d h ad no r i g h t t o te l l the C h a m p i o n about it. " The sco re is now + 1 -0= 1 in favour of Karpov. 17 2-1393

GAME THREE

Gruenfeld Defence

A. Karpov

G . Kasparov

1 . d 2-d4 Ng S-f6 2. c2-c4 g 7 -g6 c7-c6 3 . g2-g3 d 7 -d 5 4 . Bfl-g2 5. c4xd5 c6 x d 5 6. Ngl -f3 BfS-g7 7 . N b l -c3 0-0 e 7-e6 S. Nf3-e 5 Nf6-d 7 9. 0-0 1 0. f2-f4 N b S-c6 1 1 . BcI-e3 Nd 7-b6 Nc6-e7 ( N o. 8) 1 2 . B e3-f2 U p to the B l ac k's twe lfth move, t h e th i rd game of th e m atch has repeate d , tho u g h with a n ins ign ificant transposition, the f i rst encounter. In that game Kas­ parov somewhat ca r e l e ssly p l ayed 1 2 . . . . B d 7 , thereby enab l i ng Karpov to carry out the advance e2-e4, wh ich i s req u i red by Wh ite's p l a n . Th i s t i me, how­ ever, the Wor ld Champ ion pa i d more attent ion to h i s oppo n ent's intentions. By h i s l ast m o v e he re ndered th e advance of the Wh ite e- Pawn m e a n i ng less, wh ich forced Karpov to seek another method of pursu i n g h i s i n itiative. In the event of 1 3.e4, B l ack wo u l d answer 13 . . . . d e and seize control o f t h e v i ta l central square d 5 . -Ed. 18

1 3 . a2-a4 a7-a5 Bc8-d 7 1 4 . Qd l-b3 1 5. Rfl-cl Bd 7-c6 Nb6-c8 1 6. Nc3-b5 1 7 . e2-e3 Th i s l i stless move was c r i t ici zed by a l l those present i n the press room, a s we l l as by other com­ me ntato rs. Wh ite 's p i eces are more act ive l y posted than B l ack 's, but shou ld Wh ite fa i l to f i nd a cor rect p l a n , h i s temporary adva ntage may d i sappear i nto th i n a i r. It see m s that M i k h a i l Ta l ' s recommendation to p l ay Rc 1 -c 5 now o r o n the 1 9th move, a n d then doub l e the Rooks on the c-f i l e , comes stro n g l y i nto co nsiderat i o n .-Ed. Nc8-d6 1 7. ... Qd 8xd6 1 8 . N b5xd6 By carefu l l y ma noeuvr i n g h i s p i eces Ka spa rov fo rces the exc hange of the act ive Wh i te Kn ight, thus co m p l e te l y rep u l s i ng Wh ite's attac k . When the smo ke of the i n i t i a l batt l e has c l e ared awa y , i t i s evident that Wh i te's op e n i ng advantage h a s v a n i s h e d . E xcellent l y

19 2*

j ud g i n g the co m i ng c r i s i s, Karpov sta rts prepa r i ng h i s p i eces to repel B l ack's possi ble attack. Rf8-b8 1 9. Bf2-e l A fine rej o i nd e r wh o se pu rpose is to support b7-b5 (after the pre l i m i nary Bc6-e8 ) . Wh ite's next move i s a i med at preve nt i n g that advance . - Ed. f7-f6 20. Bg2-fl I nv i t i ng W h i te to capture the B i shop on c6 (2 1 . N xc6 bc 22. Qc 2 l oo k s tem p t i ng i ndeed, but then B l ac k wou l d be able to break t h rough in the cen tre (with e6-e 5 ) . Karpov prefers to p l ay i t safe . - Ed 2 1 . N e 5-f3 Qd 6-d 7 Ne 7-f 5 (No. 9) 2 2 . Qb3-c2 Kasparov's po s i t i o n , wh i c h seemed so pa ssive o n l y a few mome nts a g o , h as sudde n l y begu n to expand, l i ke a sp r i n g re lease d . In the Wh i te ca m p , the centra l sq uare e4 is now conspicuously wea k . Ka sparov u n h u rr i e d l y and ste ad i ly i m p roves the co-ord i nation of his p i eces and even sta rts adva n c i ng his Pawn s o n the K - s i d e . Nf5-d 6 23 . B e l - d 2 R b 8-c8 24 . b2-b3 10

9

20

h 7-h 6 2 5 . Qc2-d l 26. Bd 2-e l g6-g5 Qd 7-e 8 27 . R a l-a2 28. R a 2-c2 B g 7-f8 g5-g4 ( No. 10 ) 29. Bfl-d3 H a v i n g made t h i s move, t h e Wo r l d Champ i o n offered a d raw, w h i c h w a s accepted . I n the th i rd game , it never came to a decisive battl e . What we witnessed wa s a k i nd of i nterva l in play . The sco re of the match is + 1 -0=2 in favou r of Karpov.

GAME FOUR

English Opening G. Kasparov

A. Ka rpov

The fourth game of the match wa s adj o u rned on th e 41 st move in a posit i o n where the outcome was easy to pred ict: the two Wh ite Pawns rac ing to the i r quee n i n g squares were u n stoppab l e . B u t u p t o the moment when the Wor l d Ch a m p i o n sea l ed h i s move many t h r i l l i n g adventures h ad taken p l ace on the chess-board . Ng8-f6 1 . c2-c4 e7-e5 2 . N b l -c3 Nb8-c6 3. Ng l -f3 Bf8-b4 4 . g2-g3 5. Bfl-g2 0-0 e5-e4 6. 0-0 21

7 . Nf3-g5 Bb4xc3 Rf8-e8 S. b2xc3 e4xf3 9. f2-f3 With h i s n i nth move, Kasparov has i nv i ted h i s oppo nent t o resu m e t h e argument started i n the second game. But t h e e x -Wo r l d Champ i o n turns down the inv itat i o n and, i n stead of advanc i ng h i s e- Pawn , s i m p l y exchanges. One ca n argue for a very long t i me about who stands to ga i n by t h i s excha nge. One shou l d only mention that t h i s l i ne i s we l l known i n ope n i ng theory and t h a t , co nsent i ng t o the opening­ up of the f-f i l e for the Wh ite R o o k s, Ka rpov appears to have i n m i nd a n o r i g i n a l p l a n of defence. Qd S-e7 (No. 1 1) 1 0 . Ng5xf3 H ere is anoth e r theoretica l nove l ty i ntrod uced by Karpov i n th is l i n e . Th e h a ndbooks recom mend 1 0 . . . . d 5 . - Ed. Nc6-e5 1 1 . e2-e3 1 2 . Nf3-d 4 Shou ld the K n ights be e x c h a nged, i t wo u l d be much more d i fficu l t for Wh ite to make headwa y. Acco rd i n g l y , Kasparov p refers to offer a Pawn to ma i nta i n h is i n i ti at i v e . The consequ e nces of accept i n g th i s Pawn a r e u n c l e a r , a l though G ra n d m a ster Gufel d is of the op i n ion that 1 2 . . .. N x c4 1 3. e 4 ! d6 ( not, of course, 1 3 . . . . Nxe4? 1 4. B x e4 Qxe4 1 5 . d 3 ) 1 4 . d3 Ne5 1 5 . Bg5 wou ld g ive Wh i te a very d a ngerous attac k . Karpov dec l i n es th e offe r . - Ed. 1 2. .. , N e 5-d3 1 3 . Qd l - e 2 After 1 3 . Nf5 Qc 5 ( o r Qe 6) 1 4 . Qc 2, B l ack wou l d hard l y venture t o take the Pawn b y 1 4 . . . . Qxc4, i n view o f 1 5 . N h 6+ gh ( o r 1 5 . .. . KfS ) 1 6. R xf6, threat­ e n i ng 1 7 . B f l , wh i l e the p re l i m i nary 1 4 . . . . N x c l 22

wo u l d a l so fa i l to avert the Excha nge sac r i f i ce on f6. But the World C h a m p i o n rejects the aggressive 1 3. Nf5 i n favour of th e so l id move i n th e te xt.-Ed. Nd3xc l 1 3. . . . d 7 -d 6 1 4 . R a l xc l 1 5 . R f l -f4 c7-c6 1 6 . R c l -f l Qe 7-e5 ( No. 12) Karpov wou ld se em to have made a psyc h o l og i c a l b l u nd e r i n h i s pre l i m i n a ry ca lcu l ations. T h e re appears to be no oth er reason for the over·opt i m i st ic, un­ h u r r i ed moves of the B l ack Qu een wh ich resu l ted i n an obvious loss o f t i m e , a n d a l so i n t h e B l ac k Rook hav i n g been u n a b l e to leave its corner and come into play . I n order to e x p l o it B l ack 's i naccurac i es, how­ ever, Wh ite st i l l had to carry out h i s attack very pre­ c i se l y . At th i s key po i nt of the batt l e , the Wo r l d Ch a m p i o n has c o m e up with a marve l l ous p l a n . H i s Quee n , enj o y i ng i t s r i g h t t o move i n a n y d i rect ion, has succeeded i n ma k i ng its wa y , through a maze of W h i te Pawns, to the K- s i d e . Bc8-d7 1 7 . Qe2-d 3 B d 7 x f5 1 8 . Nd4-f5 11

12

23

Qe 5-e6 1 9. Rf4xf5 R e 8-e7 20. Qd 3-d4 2 1 . Qd4-h4 Th e arrival of Wh ite's ma i n attack i ng pi ece at the gate of the B l ack K i ng's cast l e has a utomatica l l y made t h e part p l ayed by t h e other W h i te p i eces more i m portant. N ow Wh i te threate ns to sacr i f ice his Rook for the B l ack Knight, and thus d estroy the bastions around the B l ac k K i ng . The ex-Wo r l d C ha mp i o n therefore h a s to w i t h d raw t h e B l ack Kn ight t o t h e rear, b u t h i s Queen's R o o k i s st i l l o u t o f p l ay. By the beautifu l move of h i s B i shop Kasparov d ec i sive l y strengthens h i s attac k . Nf6-d7 21 . .. 22. Bg2-h3 Nd 7-f8 23 . R f 5-f3 The com p l ications that cou l d a r i se after 23. Rg5, or 23. R b 5 Ng6 24. B x e6 N x h 4 2 5 . R xf 7 etc., wo u l d def i n i te l y b e favo u r a b l e for Wh ite, b u t Ka sparov prefers to decide the issue i n the endgame . - Ed. Qe6-e5 23. . . . 24. d 2-d4 Qe5-e4 Re 7xe4 25. Qh4xe4 26. R f3xf7 To escape the wo rst, Ka rpov h a s had to enter the endgame a Pawn ad r i ft, but at t h i s moment the White Rooks start t h e i r d estructive wo r k o n the seventh ra n k . Re4xe3 26 . . . . 2 7 . d 4-d 5 Wh i te is in no h u rry to captu re the B l ack Pawn on b7, and he increases his pressure i n the centre m a k i n g u s e of t h e fact t h a t th e B l ack R o o k ca n not leave the e-f i l e beca u se of th e seq u e l 27 . . . . R xc3 28. R xf8+ .

24

Rxf8 29. Be6+, w i n n i ng outrig ht. N o r can B l ack capture now on d5, i n v iew of 28. Bg2 ! -Ed. R a 8-e8 27. ... 28. R f 7 x b7 B u t h e re 28. c5 ! wo u ld be even stronger, as a l l th e comme ntators agree, for B l ack h a s n o sati sfactory defence ag a i nst the break-th rough of the Wh ite d­ Pawn.- Ed. c6xd5 28 . ... R e 3-e7 29. c4x d 5 h 7-h 5 (No. 13) 30. R f l - b l G rand maste r $uet i n ca l l s th i s move i mp u l s ive and suggests 30. ... Kf7 i n stead, a s g i v i ng B l ack some drawi ng c h a nces. Both p l ayers a re under severe time pressure during the rema i n ing moves. g7-g5 3 1 . a2-a4 Kg8-g7 32. B h 3-f5 Kg7-f6 33. a4-a 5 Re7xb7 34. Bf5-d3 After 34 . ... R e3, B l ack wo u ld sudd e n l y b e mated: 35. R f l + Ke5 36. Rf5 mate.- Ed. R e 8-e3 35. R b l xb7 13

14

25

R e3xc3 36 . Bd3-b5 N fS-g6 37. R b7xa7 Ng6-e5 3S. R a7-d7 39. R d 7 xd6 + Kf6-f5 40 . a5-a6 Rc3-a3 ( No. 14) Here the game was adj ou rned . T h e Wo r ld Ch am­ pion sea led his 4 1 st move wh ich, as eye-wi tnesses have reported, cou ld i m m e d iate l y be see n on the sc reens of the mo n i tors-a Spa n i sh te l e v i sion camera­ man had i n advertently ta ken a c lose-u p of Ka sparov's score-sheet just at that moment.-Ed. B l ack resigns without resumpt i o n . T h e sco re i s even : + 1 - 1 = 2 .

GAME FIVE

Gruenfeld Defence A. Karpov

G. Kasparov

1 . d2-d4 2 . c2-c4 3. N b l-c3 4. c4x d 5 5. e2-e4 6. b2xc3 7 . Bf l-c4 S. Ngl-e2 9 . BcI-e3 1 0 . 0-0 1 1 . f2-f3

N g S-f6 g7-g6 d7-d5 Nf6xd5 Nd 5xc3 B fS-g7 c7-c5 NoS-c6 0-0 BcS-g4 Nc6-a5 ( No. 15 ) 26

R i gh t from t h e beg i n n i ng the p l ayers are engaged in a h eated theoretica l d i spute. Th e Wor l d Champ i o n has e m p l oyed an open i ng l i n e i nvo l v i ng a Pawn sac r i ­ fice to g a i n i n i tiative. A t th i s moment Karpov has to decide wh eth e r to accept t h e c h a llenge or turn it down . The ex-Wo r l d C h a m p i o n decides to take the Pawn , a l th o u g h he wi l l h ave to defend h i mself in a rat h e r pass i ve po s i t i o n . 1 2 . Bc4xf7+ A very rare co n t i n uati o n . - Ed. 1 2. . . . R f8xf7 Rf7xf l + 1 3 . f3xg4 Qd 8-d6 1 4 . Kg l xf l Parad o x ica l ly , i t is t h i s exce l lent move by the B l ack Queen that is perhaps respo n s i b l e for B l ack's defeat i n the game, for Kasparov thought about i t too long, s i xty-five m i n utes ( ! l. and aga i n had t o p l a y u n d e r severe t i m e pressu re . Kasparov's move i na u g u rates an o r i g i n a l p l a n of counterp lay, wh i l e the convent i o n a l 1 4 . . . . cd 1 5 . cd Qd 7 1 6 . h3 Qe6 1 7 . Qd 3 Qc4 1 8 . Qxc4 N xc4 1 9. Bg5 e6 20. Rd 1 b 5 wo u l d l e ad to a n end i ng in wh i c h 15

27

White appears to have a s l i g h t edge . - Ed. 1 5 . e4-e5 Qd 6-d 5 1 6 . B e3-f2 R a S-fS Bg7-h6 1 7 . Kfl- g l l S . h 2- h 4 Qd 5-f7 1 9 . Bf2-g3 B h 6-e3+ Qf 7-c4 20. Kg l -h 2 Aimed at preventing 2 1 . Qd 3, wh i c h , in the opi n io n of G randmaster Serge i Ma karychev, wo u l d be advan­ tageous for Wh ite.-Ed. b7-b6 2 1 . R a l -b l 22 . R b l -b2 W h i te i s a Pawn ah ead b u t h i s p i eces are poo r l y co-ord i n ated, t h e i r scope b e i n g restr icted. B y pro­ tect i ng h i s Knigh t at e2 Ka rpov frees h i s Queen. Some comme ntators be l ieve, h owe ver, that after 22 . . . . dc Wh i te wou l d have a sma l l but c l e a r advantage. As it is, the game eq u a l izes.-Ed. 22 . . . . Qc4-d5 N a 5-c4 23 . Qd l -d 3 b6-b5 (No. 16) 24 . R b2-b l H a v i n g obt a i ned some attack i ng cha nces, Ka sparov cond ucts the game in f i n e sty l e . By a se r i es of far from obv i o u s moves the Ch a m p i o n h a s succeeded in p l ac i n g h i s p i eces ide a l l y , and, with the b r i l l iant advance of h i s b- Pawn right u nd e r the f i re of the W h i te R o o k , he i s ready to l a u nch a n o r i g i n a l com­ b i nat i on. H oweve r, Karpov, wh o i s i n a cramped pos i ­ tion, pl ays v e r y prec i se ly a l l the t i m e and d o e s not a l l ow B l ac k 's i n i tiative to deve l op i nto a n i rresist i b l e attac k . Shou l d Wh ite accept the offe r of t h e Pawn , the ga me m i gh t end in a spectac u l a r d raw: 2 5 . R x b 5 N xe5 ! 26. R x c 5 ( not, o f cou rse, 26. B x e 5 ? R f2, with 28

unavo i d a b l e mate ) 26 . . . . N x g4+ ( 2 6 . . . . Oxc5 i s bad , i n v i ew of 2 7 . B x e 5 ) 27 . K h 3 Od 7 28. Oc4+ Kh8 29 . Od 5 Nf2++ 3 0 . K h 2 Ng4+, with perpetua l chec k .- Ed. a7-a6 25 . K h 2 - h 3 c5xd4 26 . N e2-g1 Rf8-d 8 27 . N g l -f3 The batt le h a s reached its cu lmi nation . At t h i s m o m e n t , Karpov has more t h a n h a l f an h o u r on h i s c l oc k f o r the rem a i n i n g th i rteen moves, wh i l e Kaspa­ rov has l e ss t h a n ten m i n utes. See i n g that t i me tro u b l e is j ust around the corner for h i s oppon ent, the ex-Wo r l d C h a m p i o n u n expected l y moves h i s a- Pawn . Out o f severa l tempt i ng paths, Kasparov has to c ho ose the most prom i si n g. He makes two co rrect moves and then . . . d4xc3 2 8 . a2-a4 Od 5-e6 29 . 0d 3xc3 b5xa4 (No_ 17) 30 . K h 3-h 2 B l ack ought not to h ave taken t h i s Pawn , as a resu l t of wh ich the Wh ite p i eces have become much more act i ve. It i s h a rd l y necessary to dwe l l at length 17

16

29

on the conc l u d i ng moves i n the ga m e , becau se Ka spa­ rov, wh o wa s under severe t i m e pressure, k ept on loo k i ng at h i s c l oc k , rath e r than p l ay i ng chess. Hav i ng a considera b l e advan tage i n t i m e , t h e ex-Wo r l d Cha m p i on p l ayed i t coo l , superb l y m a i nta i n i ng t h e te n s i o n on the b o a r d , wh i le the t i me wa s ru n n i ng out too fast for h i s r i va l . Eventua l l y Ka spa rov ove r l oo ked the l oss of a n i m portant Pawn , but we shou l d a l s o mention that by th i s t i me t h e B l ack Kn ight has been netted by the Wh i te p i eces. Nc4-d2 3 1 . R b 1 -b4 N d 2-f 1 + 32 . R b4xa4 . B l ac k cou l d at th i s j u nctu re h ave excha nged on f3 : 32 . . . . Nxf3 33. gf B d 2 34. Qc2 a5, wi th a s l i g h t l y bette r e n d g a m e . Rd 8-d 1 33 . K h 2 - h 3 Rd 1 -c 1 34 . Qc3-c2 h 7-h 5 35. Qc2-e 2 36. Bg3-e 1 Qe6-d 7 (No. 18) The decis i ve b l u nd e r u n d e r te rrify i ng t i me pres­ sure. Th e Wo r l d Ch a m p i o n cou l d st i l l save the day by play i n g 36 . . . . R a 1 3 7 . Qc4 ( t h e o n l y m o ve ) Qxc4, 18

30

and the game wou l d be rough ly eve n . - Ed. Rc 1 -a 1 37. Qe2xa6 Another b l under , and there i s now no sav i ng h i s ga m e . - Ed. 38. Qa6xg6+ B l ack res igns. The sco re is +2- 1 =2 i n favou r of Karpov.

GAME SIX

English Opening A. Karpov

G. Kasparov

If the read er p l ay s through the s i x th game of the match , he may get the i m p ression that the play is rather d u l l and em pty . Actu a l ly , th i s i s far from bei n g so . F rom the ve ry f i rst mo ves the p l ayers use very subt l e methods in t h e i r f i g h t for the possession of the key poi nts on the chess-boa rd , c l ose l y watch i ng a l l the t i m e each other's intentions. 1 . c2-c4 e7-e5 2. N b 1 -c3 N b 8-c6 In the prev i o u s games of the match wh ere Karpov had the B l ack p i eces he p referred 2 . . . . N f6 . Now the game wi l l proceed a l o n g th e l i nes of a R eve rsed Sici­ l i a n _ - Ed. g7-g6 3. g2-g3 d 7 -d 6 4. Bf l -g2 5. R a 1 - b 1 T h e modern hand l i n g o f t h e ope n i ng. Wh ite post31

po nes the deve lopment of t h e K i ng's Kn i g h t, and i s n o w ready t o p u s h h i s b- Pawn . 5. . . . Bc8-f5 6. d2-d3 After the v i gorou s 6. e 4 to fo rce t h e retreat of the B l ac k B i shop, Wh i te wo u ld , of cou rse, have ga i ned a tem po, but, o n th e other h a n d , t h e re wo u l d have been the unprotected centra l sq uare (d4) in h i s ca mp , wh ere the B l ac k K n i g h t cou ld appear at any moment. IIV h i t e h a s i n m i nd a d i fferent plan, however : he wishes to d r ive away the B l ac k Kn i g h t to the back row . Qd 8-d 7 6 . .. . 7. b2-b4 Bf8-g7 Nc6-d 8 8. b4-b5 9. Nc3-d 5 Karpov i s faced wi th a d i lemma : s h o u l d he a l l ow the W h i te Kn i g h t to rema i n on th i s very active post or shou l d he push h i s c - Pawn to d r i ve it bac k , thereby a l l owi ng Wh ite to open the b-f i le for h i s Rooks? The natu r a l 9 . . . . Ne7 is, of co u r se, u n p l ay a b l e because of the nasty retort 1 0. B h 6 . - £d. c7-c6 9. . . . b7xc6 1 0 . b5xc6 ... ( No_ 19) 1 1 . Nd 5-c3 When the Wh i te Kn i g h t c ro ssed the chess boa rd 's "equator" on the 9th move, it wa s an i m po rtant step in Wh ite's p l a n of atta c k . Sh o u l d t h e same pos i t i o n a r i se i n one of the su bseq uent games of the match , the ex-Wo r l d Ch a m p i o n m a y we l l refra i n from imme­ d i at e ly d i stu r b i n g t h e Kn i g h t w i th his c- Pawn . Th i s time, however, Ka rpov has m a d e u p h i s m i nd to d r ive the K n i g h t awa y . The resu l t is very d e s i r a b l e for Wh ite, the b-f i l e beco m i ng ava i l a b l e for the W h i te 32

Rooks to dou b l e on it. Th e Wo r l d C h a m p i o n ' s i n itia­ tive becom e s q u i te m e nac i n g . Ng8-e7 1 1 . ... 0-0 1 2 . B c 1 -a3 h 7- h 6 1 3 . N g 1 -f3 Bf5-e6 1 4 . 0-0 f7-f5 1 5 . Qd 1 -a4 1 6 . Nf3-d2 A l l the com me ntators are of th e opi n ion that the i m m ed i ate 1 6 . Rb3, to dou b l e the Rooks and prevent B l ack from releasing the Q-side te nsion by s i mp l i ­ fy i ng exchanges, was no d o u bt prefera b l e . Karpov i nstantly ta kes ad vantage of Wh ite's d e l ay .- Ed. 1 6. ... Nd 8-f7 R a 8-b8 1 7 . R b 1 -b3 R b 8xb3 1 8 . R f 1 -b 1 Rf8-c8 1 9 . R b 1 x b3 A prec i se m a n oeu v re prevent i ng the penetrati on of the W h i te Rook to t h e 7th ra n k . . . . (No. 20) 20 . Qa4-a6 Grandmaster Eduard G u f e l d b e l ieves that Wh ite has perhaps a very s l ight edge wh i c h , h owe ver, d is­ appears after a few moves. 19

20

33 3-1393

Nf7-d 8 20 . . . . Rc8-b8 2 1 . B a3-b4 Kg8-f7 22. N c3-a4 The B l ack K i ng is better off h e re in the event of the end i ng that m i gh t a r i se after 23. B a 5 R x b3 24. ab Qb7 25 . Qxb7 N x b 7 26. Bc7 Ke8, fo l l owed by 27 . . . . Kd 7 . - Ed. R b8xb3 23 . B b4-c3 24 . a2xb3 Grand maste r Eduard Gufeld suggests that the re­ capture with the K n i g h t wo u ld sti l l l eave some h ope for W h i te to reta i n a s l ight i n i t i ative. Thus, after 24 . N x b3 c5 Wh ite wo u ld i m p rove h i s prospects by g i v i n g u p h i s K n ight: 25. N a x c5 dc 26. Nxc5. As it i s, the game is com p l ete l y equa l i se d . Qd 7-c7 24. . . . B e 6-c8 25. e2-e3 Qc 7 x a 5 26 . Qa6-a5 27. Bc3xa5 Loo k i ng b a c k o n the deve lopment of the ga me , one c a n see h ow, wh e n t h e c r i s i s was about t o come ,

21

34

Karpov demonstrated h i s ou tstan d i n g sk i l l : he suc­ ceeded in regro u p i n g h i s forces, as was necessary for his d efence, with i n th e fa i r l y restricted space he had at h i s d isposa l . As a resu lt, the pace of Kasparov's attack s l ackened and , wh e n the Rooks had been ex­ changed , i t beca m e clear that both sides had eq u a l chances. The exchange o f Queens p u t an e n d t o the attacker's hopes i n t h i s short game . N d 8-e6 27 . . . . ( No. 21) 28 . B a 5-b4 The World Cham p io n here offered a draw wh ich was accepted . The sco re is +2- 1 =3 i n favou r of Karpov.

GAM E SEVEN G ru enfeld Defence A. Karpov

G. Kasparov

1 . d2-d4 2. c2-c4 3. N b l -c3 4 . c4xd 5 5. e2-e4 6. b2xc3 7 . Bf l -c4 8 . Ng l -e 2 9. Bc l -e3 1 0. 0-0 1 1 . f2-f3 1 2 . Bc4xf7+

N g 8-f6 g7-g6 d 7 -d 5 Nf6xd5 Nd 5xc3 Bf8-g 7 c7-c5 N b 8-c6 0-0 Bc8-g4 Nc6-a5 R f8xf7 35

3'

Kasparov thought about th i s obv i o u s recapture for a qua rter of an h o u r . Appare ntly, he did not expect Karpov to repeat t h e v a r i a t i o n from G a m e F i ve . I n th at co ntest, the ex-Wo r l d Ch a m p i o n wa s i n d i ff icul­ ties a l most t i l l the e n d , though h e eventua l l y emerged victo r i o u s from the batt l e . G i v ing his op i n i on about the deve lopment of the f ifth game at a press co nfe­ rence , Anato l y Karpov sa id that h e had never l ost control of the situat i o n . B y repea t i n g the same l i n e i n the present game, it wa s a s i f t h e ex-Wo r l d C h a m p i o n w i s h e d t o emphasize that those h ad not b e e n j ust wo rd s . - Ed. Rf 7xfH 1 3 . f3xg4 Qd 8-d 6 1 4 . Kg l x f l Qd 6-d 5 1 5 . e4-e5 1 6 . Be3-f2 R a 8-d8 ( No. 22) The seventh game of t h e m a tch h a s so far repeated the f i fth . O n l y n ow, on the 1 6th move, does Ka spa­ rov vary by p l ac i ng h i s R ook o n the cent r a l d-fi l e , i n stead of p l ay i ng 1 6 . . . . R f 8 , as h e d i d o n t h e prev i ous occa s i o n . Qd 5-e4 1 7 . Qd l -e l Qe 4-f5 1 8 . g4-g5 Na 5-c4 1 9 . h 2- h 4 Qf 5-g4 20. Kfl -g l 2 1 . a2-a4 The ex-Wo r l d Ch a m p i o n pu rsues a n o r i g i n a l strate­ gic p l an: keep i ng h i s p i eces for the t i m e be i ng on the two bac k rows, h e starts prepa r i ng for a future attack . D U r i n g th i s stage, t h e Wh i te Pawn s p l ay an i m p orta n t p a r t by restr icting the scope of the B l ack B i shop on the K-side, wh i l e o n t h e opposite wi ng the Wh ite a- Pawn has made way for the Wh ite Rook and, s i mu l ­ ta neo u s l y , h a s wea kened th e pos i t i o n of the B l ack 36

K n i g h t ( b y preve n t i n g t h e support i n g b7-b5 ) . The Wo r l d Champ i o n , for h i s part, h a s c l ose l y watc h ed over t h e operations o f t h e Wh ite p i eces and, sh i ft i n g the B l ack Qu e e n from o n e sq uare to a nother, has method ica l l y p repared a n assa u l t agai nst the Wh ite Pawn s. Thu s t h e confl ict, wh ich i s usua l fo r the game of c h e ss, becomes i m m i nent. Wh ite wi shes to steer the game into a n e n d i ng, wh ere h e wo u l d be a b l e to exp l o i t h i s extra Pawn , wh ereas B l ack str i ves to make use of h i s greate r comma nd of space, i n the midd l e-gam e . Un de rsta nda b l y , each of the r i va l s is try i n g to carry out h i s own p l a n and upset h i s oppo­ nent's. h 7- h 6 (No. 23) 21 .... The m a n oe uvr ing cha racter of the previous phase of t h e game has sudd e n l y come to an e n d . Ka spa rov has brought i nto action h i s K i ng's Rook's Pawn , wh ereupon t h e chess baromete r has i nsta nt l y fa l l e n t o forecast a com i ng tempest. Now t h e chess-board seems, a s i t were, i l l u m i n ated by l ights of d i fferent co lou rs, suggest i n g spectac u l a r com b i nations that a re here, on l y wa i t i n g to be l a u nched. 23

22

37

Thus, for examp l e , after 22. gh B x h 6 23. Ng3, B l ac k , as G randmaster G u f e l d suggests, may ca rry out a beaut ifu l c o m b i n a t i o n : 23 . . . . cd 24. cd R x d 4 ! 25. B xd 4 Qxd4+ 2 6 . Kh 1 ( i f 26. Kf 1 , then Nd2+) Qxh4+ with a str ong attac k . 22 . Ra 1 -a 2 The Wh ite Quee n s h o u l d be saved t h e tro u b l e o f protect ing the K n i g h t at e 2 . - Ed. 22. . . . h 6xg5 23 . Qe 1 -b 1 g5xh4 The ex-Wo r l d Ch a m p i o n h a s accepted the ch a l l enge a n d , having sac r i f iced two Pawn s, h a s furth e r com p l icated t h e situat i o n . Qg4-e 6 24. Qb 1 -b3 After 24 . . . . h3 Wh i te wo u l d ta k e the K n ight with chec k , and then wa rd off t h e th reat of mate on g2 by 26 . Bg3-Ed. Qe6-f7 25. N e2-f4 Qf 7xg6 26 . N f4xg6 An i nterest i ng a l te r nat i ve i s 26 . . . . Nxe5. However, after 27. Qxf7+ (the consequences of 27. Nxe7+ Kf8or even 27 . . . . K h 7-are l ess c l e a r ) N xf7 28. Nxe7+ 24

38

K h 7 29 . N f 5 Bf6 30. R b2 , Wh ite wo u l d h ave the edge in the ensu i n g e ndgam e . Th e accurate move i n the actua l game keeps the game b a l a nced .-Ed. Kg8- h 8 27 . 0b3xc4+ ... (No. 24) 28 . R a2-b2 At th i s po i nt, B l ac k co u l d , as G r a n d m a ster Gufel d suggests, set a n ice trap: 28 . . . . h3 29. g3? (29. Bh4? is a l so bad , i n v i ew of 29 . . . . Oh 6 ! ) Bx e 5 ! 30. d e Rd 1 + ! 3 1 . K h 2 R h 1 + ! ! 32. Kx h 1 Oc6+ and 33 . . . . Og2 mate . Wh ite cou l d , however, d efend h i m s e l f by 29. Be3 Og3 30. Oe 2, with a good game. c5xd4 28 . . . . Og6-g4 29 . c3xd4 Acco rd i ng to G ra ndmaster Sergei Ma ka rychev , 28 . . . . h3 looks mo re re l ia b l e . 30. 0c4-f7 The passions o n t h e board have subsided for a short wh i l e , but Kasparov aga i n atte mpts to enl iven the gam e by t h e Exchange sacr i f ice that d i srupts the Wh ite Pawn ch a i n i n t h e centre . G r a n d ma ster Makary· chev is, h owever, of t h e o p i n i o n that the sacr ifice is a l m ost fo rced , for t h e B l ac k Pawn s on b7 and e7 are i n da nger, wh i l e 30 . . . . h 3 i s refuted by the strong 3 1 . Of3 . Of course, B l ack wo u l d not p l ay 30 . . . . Bx e 5 e it h e r , for after 3 1 . d e R d 1+ 3 2 . K f2 Og3+ 33. Ke2, t h e W h i te King escapes to safety . Rd 8xd4 30 . . . . 3 1 . Bf2xd4 Og4xd4+ Od 4xe5 32. R b2-f2 Oe5-e 1 + 33. R f2-f5 34 . R f5-f 1 Oe 1 -e 5 3 5 . Kg 1 -h 1 I n the i nte rv i ew after t h e ga me, Ka rpov noted that 35. Of4 wo u ld have posed m o re pro b l ems for B l ack. 39

35 . . . . b7-b6 Kasparov p l aces h i s Pawn s on t h e d a r k sq uares so that h i s B i shop i s a b l e to p rotect t h e m . - Ed. Oe5- h 5 36 . 0f7-f4 37 . Qf4-f5 Oh 5-e 2 Bg7 -f6 38 . R f l -c l Oe2-e6 39 . Of5-g6 Oe6-c8 40 . R c l -d 1 4 1 . Rd l -f l Oc8-d 7 (No. 25) I n t h e severe m u t u a l t i m e pressure u n d e r wh i c h these l ast m o v e s w e r e m ad e , n e i t h e r of t h e contesta nts has succeeded in outw i tt i n g h i s oppo nent, and on the 42nd move the game wa s adj o u r ned in a posi tion wh ere a draw se emed t h e most l i k e l y outco m e . When the game wa s resu m e d , h owe ver, t h e f i g ht i n t h e adj ournment session wa s l o n g and h a r d . 42. 0g6-h 5+ The sea l ed move. Kasparov e x pressed t h e v i ew that th i s cho ice by Karpov i s not t h e best, because the B l ac k K i ng escapes from d a nger too eas i l y . K h 8-g7 42. . . . Od 7-d2 43 . R f l -f4 25

26

40

Kg7-fS 44. Rf4-g4+ 45. Qh5-f5 Qd 2-c 1 + Qc 1 -c7+ 46. K h 1 -h 2 Qc 7xf4+ 47. Qf5-f4 ... ( No. 26) 4S. R g4xf4 When there a r e few p i eces l e ft on the che ss- boa rd, t h e r o l e of such a " p i ece of t h e I i n e " a s a Rook becomes considera b l y more i mporta nt . However, i n t h e g i ve n case, t h e B l ac k K i n g is re l i a b l y protected by the dark-squared B i shop. I n the e p i sode of p l ay we have j u st witn essed , t h e Wo r l d Ch a m p i o n wa s extre­ me l y carefu l , i n v i ti n g h i s r i v a l to exchange the Queen s and enter t h e endga m e . The further p l ay fo l l ows the c l assica l l aws l a i d d own by the "sc i e nce of chess"; as soon as the Qu een s h ave d i sa ppeared from the board, both K i ngs without fear rush to the centre, act ive l y assisting in the operations of t h e i r m e n . KfS-eS 4S . . . . a7-a6 49. Kh 2-g 1 KeS-d7 50. Kg 1 -f2 Kd7-d6 5 1 . Kf2-e2 52. Ke2-d3 Kd6-c5 Kc5-d 5 53 . R f4-c4+ a6-a 5 54 . Rc4-c7 e7-e5 ( No. 27) 5 5 . Rc7-c4 Kasparov starts e x ec ut i ng an act i ve p l an of counterplay, wh ich many comme ntators i n the press room regarded as rat h e r r i s k y . B l ac k ' s m a i n trump i n t h e d i agrammed pos i t i o n i s t h e poss i b i l ity of brea k i n g t h r o u g h on t h e Q-s i d e at a n opportu n e moment, thus sett i n g up a n outside passed Pawn . The fol l owi ng moves p l ayed by t h e Wo r l d Ch a m p i o n aim at ma k i ng such a breakthrough both proba b l e and effect ive. As B l ack is carry i ng out h i s p l a n , h owe ver , h i s e- and 41

h -Pawn s become v u l n e r a b l e , and t h e ex-Wo r l d Ch am­ pi o n attempts -to ta k e advantage of t h i s c i rcumstance. -Ed. Bf6-e7 56. R c4-g4 e 5-e4+ 57 . R g4-g7 58. Kd 3-e 3 Be 7-c5+ 59. Ke3-e 2 Bc 5-d 4 Kd 5-c4 60. R g7-g 5+ Kc 4-c3 6 1 . R g 5-f5 62 . R f 5-h 5 Kc 3-c4 Kc4-c3 63. R h 5-f 5 Kc3-c4 64 . R f 5-g 5 65. R g 5-h 5 Th e Wh ite Rook h a s t o con tro l the f i fth rank to prevent the i m med i ate brea kth rough b6-b 5, wh ere­ upon B l ac k ' s a - Pa wn wo u l d march on to queen.-Ed. Bd 4-f6 65. . . . 66. R h 5-b 5 Bf6-d 4 Bd 4-f6 67 . R b 5-h 5 68. R h 5- h 6 Bf6-d 4 69. R h 6 x h 4 . . ( No. 28) 69 . . . . b6-b 5 .

27

28

42

At l a st. B u t t h i s i s o n l y suff i c i e n t to h o l d the ba l · ance. a 5-a4 7 0 . a4x b 5 a4-a3 7 1 . R h 4xe4 a3-a2 72. b5-b6 Kc4xd4 7 3 . R e4xd4+ a2-a 1 0 7 4 . b6-b7 Oa 1 -a6+ 75. b7-b80 7 6 . Ke2-f2 Oa 6-f6+ Kd4-e4 77. Kf2-g 1 Ke4-f5 7 8 . 0b8-b4+ Of6-d4+ ( No. 29) 7 9 . 0b4-e 1 G a m e d rawn . An e l egant f i na l e ! Th i s i nte rest i ng e n d i ng wi l l proba b l y be stud i ed by beg i n ners over and over aga i n . And they w i I I l earn t h e s i m p l e truth that i n chess a s i n g l e move i s ofte n d e c i s i v e . In t h i s e ncounter, however, Ka rpov fa i l ed to find that move. Kasparov's dark-squared B i shop a b l y assisted h i s Pawns, wh i l e t h e W h ite Ro ok eve rywh e re came u p against B l ack ' s re l i a b l e cove r i ng forc e . The s c o r e i s +2- 1 =4 i n favou r of Karpov. 29

43

GAME EIGHT

English Opening A. Karpov

G. Kasparov

e7-e5 1 . c2-c4 d 7-d6 2 . N b 1 -c3 c7-c5 3. g2-g3 Karpov l eaves the beaten track of ope n i n g theory, his th i rd move being a n e x p e r i m e n t . With th i s un­ usual move, h e succeeds i n obstruct i n g Wh i te's i n itia­ tive i n t h e centre . H owever, t h e re i s a p r ice to pay: the vital centra l sq u a re d5 becomes a wea k ness in h i s camp. N b 8-c6 4 . B f 1 -g2 g7-g6 5 . a2-a3 Th e advance 6. b4 c a n o n l y be prevented by 5 . . . . a 5 , wh ich is too co m m itting. because t h e l ight sq ua res i n the B l ack camp wo u l d become i r revoca b l y wea k . . .. ( No. 30) 6. b2-b4 30

31

44

As is k nown from open i ng theory, i t wo u l d be dangerous for B l ack to accept the offered Pawn , beca use after, for examp l e , 6 . . . . cb 7 . ab Nxb4 S . Oa4+ Nc6 9. B xc6+ (9. Ba3 i s a l so good , with annoy i n g pressu r e ) bc 1 0. Oxc6 B d 7 1 1 . Ob7, White wou l d have a super ior posi t i o n , many comme ntators ind icate. 6. . . . BfS-g7 7 . R a l -b l NgS-e7 S . e2-e3 0- 0 9. d 2-d 3 Ra S-bS BcS-e6 1 0. N g l -e2 Nc6-a 5 1 1 . b4-b5 b7-b6 1 2 . Bc l -d 2 N a 5-b7 1 3 . 0-0 1 4 . e3-e4 Sk i l f u l l y adva n c i n g h i s Pawns, Wh ite has managed to d r ive away h i s opponent's forces f i rst on the 0side, then in the centre. KgS- h S 1 4. . . . f7-f5 1 5 . 0d l -c l ... (No. 3 1) 1 6 . Bd 2-g5 With t h i s move, t h e Wo r l d Ch a m p i o n starts an operat i o n a i med at se i z i n g possess ion of the centra l l i ght sq uares by excha n g i n g h i s dark-sq u ared B i shop for t h e i r defender, the B l ack Kn ight at e 7 . - Ed. Od S-e S 1 6. . . . Oe Sxe7 1 7 . Bg5xe7 l S . e4xf5 Be6xf5 Th i s recapture fu l l y ju stifies Wh ite's i ngen ious operat ion started o n move 1 6. Th e ex-Wo r l d Cham­ pion's long m ed i tation before h i s e i ghteenth move, however, suggests that afte r l S . . . . gf 1 9 . f4 B l ack wou l d a l so face se r i o u s pro b l e m s . - Ed. 45

1 9 . Nc3-d 5 Qe 7-d 7 N b 7- a 5 20. Qc 1 -d 2 I t wo u l d s e e m t h a t o n e n e e d not fee l apprehen­ sive for B l ack's safety at th i s m o m e nt. H i s counter­ pl ay wa s thought, by those present in the press room, to i nv o l ve b r i ng i n g i nto p l ay, v i a the route b7-d 8e6, B l ac k 's other Kn i ght, currently occupy i ng a rath e r pass ive pos i t i o n at the e d g e of the board . T o every­ one's asto n i sh m ent, h owever, Ka rpov p l ayed th e move i n th e text and then, for some t i m e , moved h i s K n i g ht back a n d forth between t h e sq uares b7 a nd a 5 . I t has beco me c l ea r that he feared Wh i te's advance on the Q-s i d e and trusted to the so l id i ty of his posi­ tion on the othe r wing. B ut i t i s on the K-side that the main events i n th i s game were to d eve l op, wr i tes G rand master Alexei Suet i n . 2 1 . Ne2-c3 R b8-e8 22 . Nc3-e4 N a 5-b7 23 . a3-a4 I t i s th i s ad vance that h a mstr i ngs the B l ack K n i ght. Sh o u l d the Nh i te a- Pawn adva nce to a5, Wh i te ' s Q-side i n i tiative wo u l d become overpowe r i n g . - Ed. N b 7- a 5 23. . . . 24 . h 2-h4 N a 5-b7 R e 8-b8 25. Kg 1 -h 2 Nb7-a5 26. R b 1 -a 1 27 . R a 1 -a3 R f 8-f7 28. Qd 2-c3 R b 8-d8 Bg7-h6 29 . Ra3-a 2 R f7-f8 30. N e4-g5 B h 6-g7 3 1 . Ra2-e2 Rd 8-e8 32 . Qc3-c 2 33. Nd 5-e3 Bg7-h6 B h 6-g7 34. Bg2-d 5 46

h7-h6 35. Qc2-d 1 Qd 7-d8 ( No. 32) 36 . N g5-e4 Having fou nd h i m s e l f i n a d ifficu l t pos ition, Anat o l y Karpov m a i nta i n s t h e co·ord i nation and sta b i l ity of his pi eces with g reat s k i l l , h e c l osely watch es over t h e preparati o n s of G a r r i Kasparov's ch ess a r m y , a ntici pates his opponent's p l ans and obstructs their e x ecuti o n . However, t h e Wor l d C h a m p i o n h a s succeeded i n f u r t h e r wea ken ing B l ack 's Pawn formation a n d , by i n sta l l i n g two m i no r pi eces i n t h e centre, i s prepar i ng a Pawn breakthrough on the K-s i d e . Bf5-c8 37 . R e2-a2 38 . N e4-c3 h 6-h 5 39 . Bd 5-e4 R e 8- e6 40. Nc3-d 5 Bg7-h6 4 1 . N e3-g2 Kh 8-g7 42. f 2-f4 . . . ( No. 33) As soon as t h e W h i te Pawn has advanced to signa l the beg i n n i ng of a K- side assa u lt, the Ch i ef Arbiter so unds t h e gong: f i ve h ou rs of the f i rst p l a y i n g sess ion have e x p i red and t h e g a m e i s adj ourned. 32

33

47

Karpov thought about t h e move h e had to sea l for 21 m i n u tes. H e had to d e c i d e wh ether h i s Rook sho u ld be withd rawn to t h e eighth r a n k o r wheth e r Wh ite's adva nced Pawn s h o u l d be captu red with h is e- Pawn . Karpov chose the second a l ternative, t he reby vacating a n i mportant post for the W h i te K n i ght, wh ich was rat h e r modest l y p l aced o n t h e second ra n k . And i t i s t h i s Kn i g h t that wa s a b l e to d ea l th e decisive b l ow, d i srupt i n g B l ack's Pawn structure. 42 . . . . e 5xf4 At a press confere nce l ate r, G a r r i Kasparov referred to the text move as "the most u n happy" choice i n th i s pos i t i o n . A n u m b e r of comme ntators h ave suggested that B l ack's best practical c h a nce to repe l th e attack wa s to cont i n u e 42 . . . . B b 7 w i th the i nten­ tion of exch a n g i ng t h e B i shop for one of Wh i te ' s dangerous centra l i zed p i eces. Afte r 42 . . . . B b 7 , how­ ever, t h e f u rt h e r advance of t h e W h i te Pawn to f 5 wou l d s h atter t h e pos ition of t h e B l ack K i ng and open the l i nes for i nvasion by Wh ite's p i eces. Soo n e r or l a t e r Wh ite wo u l d be bo u n d to w i n . B l ac k ' s t rou b l e is t h a t h e i s i n fact p l a y i n g w i th out h i s Kn ight, wh ich i s f i r m l y stuck at t h e edge of the board, far away from the ma i n f i e l d of batt l e . One can not say that the K n i ght i s abso l ute l y i d l e there: i t guards aga i nst th e adva nce of t h e Wh i te a-Pawn and a l so, i nd i rectl y , restr icts t h e manoe uvres of t h e Nh i te p i eces, for White consta ntly h as to p rotect the square b3, through wh ich t h e B l ack Kn i g h t may, at a n opportune moment, h ead for t h e v i ta l outpost at d4. St i l l , it i s on the K-side t h a t t h e Kn i g h t i s m u c h needed . - Ed. Re6-e5 43. Ng2xf4 R f8xf 1 44. Nf4xg6 R e 5xe4 45. 0d 1 xf 1 48

46. d3xe4 Kg7xg6 Qd 8-e8 47 . Ra2-f2 4 8 . e4-e5 It i s esse n t i a l that the B l ack Queen shou l d be u n ­ a b l e to occupy the sq uare e5, f o r shou l d th i s square be ava i l a b l e to i t B l ack wo u l d succeed i n defend i n g h i ms e l f i n s o m e v a r i at i o n s . 48 . . . . Q x e 5 i s now u n p l ay­ able, because of 49. Re2, fo l l owed by 50. Ne7+. -Ed. d6xe5 48. . . . Kg6-g7 49. Rf2-f6+ 50. R f 6-d6 . . ( No. 34) B l a c k resigns. I f there had not been the B l ack Pawn at e5, B l ac k cou ld reply 50. . . . Qe 5, protect i ng the square f 6 . As i t is, h e has no sat i sfactory d efence agai nst t h e W h i te Q u e e n ' s i nvasi o n , 5 1 . Qf6+, e x p l a i n s Grand­ master G u fe l d . T h e m i sta k e made by Anato l y Karpov a t the adj o u rnment has enab l ed Wh i te to p l ay a se ries of beautifu l moves. In so d o i ng, G a r r i Kaspa rov had to make some mate r i a l sacr i f ices, but when the Wh ite Quee n a nd Rook a l igned a l ong the wide open f i l e on .

34

49 4 - 1 393

the K-side, it became obvious t h at h i s attack was irres i st i b l e . Th e sco re i n th e match i s n o w eve n : +2-2=4 .

GAME N I N E

G ruenfeld Defence G . Kasparov

A. Ka rpov

NgS-f6 1 . d 2-d 4 g7-g6 2. c2-c4 d 7 -d 5 3. N b l -c3 Nf6xd5 4. c4x d 5 N d 5xc3 5. e2-e4 BfS-g7 6. b2xc3 7 . Bf l -c4 c7-c5 N b S-c6 S. N g l -e2 9. Bc l -e3 0- 0 BcS-g4 1 0 . 0-0 1 1 . f2-f3 Nc6-a5 Rf Sxf7 1 2 . Bc4xf7+ Rf7xf l + 1 3 . f3xg4 c5xd4 1 4. Kgl xfl In the f i f th and seve nth game s of the present match, the Wo r l d Cham p i on preferred to p l ay 14 . . . . Qd6.-Ed. Qd S- b6 ( No. 35 ) 1 5 . c3xd4 An i n novat i on, whose p o i n t i s that B l ack now th reatens 1 6 . . . . e5. The u s u a l l i ne h e re is 1 5 . . . . Qd 7 1 6. h 3 Qe6 1 7 . Qd 3 Qc4, but 1 5 . . . . Qd 6 has a l so been pl ayed i n th i s pos i t i o n . - Ed. Qb6-e6 1 6. Kf l -g l 50

Once aga i n t h e opponents h ave ad opted a sharp l i n e of the G r u e nfe l d Defence, i n wh ich B l ack sacri­ fices a Pawn , ga i n i ng some i n i t i at i ve as compensat ion. Wh ereas i n the f i fth and seve nth games t h e ex-World Ch a m p i o n strived to get a l l h e possi b l y cou l d out of th i s variation, that i s, to repe l B l ack's attack and keep his extra Pawn , th i s t i m e h e takes a d iffe rent cou rse : he decides to return t h e mater i a l , but turn h i s atten­ t i o n to h i s centre Pawn s, attempting to l a u nch an attack with his p i eces u n d e r t h e i r cover. Oe6xg4 1 7 . Od l -d 3 Ra 8-c8 1 8 . R a 1 -f l Og4-d7 1 9. h2-h3 20. d 4-d 5 Na 5-c4 e7-e 5 ( No. 36) 2 1 . B e3-d4 Grandmaster Se rgei Ma ka rychev be l ieves that afte r 2 1 . . . . N e 5 22. Og3 Wh ite wo u l d h ave a sma l l ed ge. But B l ack shou l d be extre m e l y carefu l , because after 22 . . . . Od 6 23. Kh 1 , t h e rash 23 . . . . Rc2 may resu l t in d i saster for h i m : 24. Nf4 R x a 2 ? 2 5 . Ne6 Bf6 26. Bxe5, wi n n i ng outright. 22. d 5xe6 36

35

51 4*

By p l ay i ng thus, Ka rpov avoids a beau t i f u l , yet rat h e r obvious, trap: 22. Bxa7 b6 23. Rc l Qxa 7 24 . R xc4 Rxc4 2 5 . Qxc4 b 5+, B l ack wi n n i ng the Quee n , i n d icates Grandmaster E d u a rd G u fe l d . Qd 7xe6 22. . . . 23. Bd4xg7 The dark-squared B i shops should be excha nged to we a k e n the defences of the B l ack K i ng . Kg8xg7 23 . . . . 24 . N e2-f4 Qe6-d 6 25. Qd 3-c3+ ( No. 37) Th e World C h a m p i o n is compe l l ed to send h i s monarch t o t h e edge o f t h e boa rd, becau se t h e seem­ i n g l y natu r a l 25 . . . . Qe 5 wo u ld h ave l ed to its sudden death : 26 . N e 6+ Kg8 27. Qxc4 R xc4 28. R f8 mate ! And 25 . . . . Kg8 wou l d fa i l to 26. N d 5 ! Kg7-h6 25. . . . 26. N f4-d 5 Qd 6-e5 27. Qc3-d 3 G rand master G ufe l d reports t h a t t h i s modest retreat of the Wh ite Queen wa s c r i t i cized by many expe rts, wh o deemed 2 7 . Qb4, with t h e idea of pl ay'"

37

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i n g N d 5-f6-g4, to be far more act ive, as B l ack wou l d be forced to g i ve u p t h e v i ta l d i agona l a 1 - h 8 . Grandmaster Se rge i M a k a rychev, h owe ver, d i sag ree s with th i s eva l uat i o n , ma i nta i n i n g that after 27. Qb4 N d 6 ! it wo u l d be hard for Wh i te to m a k e headwa y . K h 6-g7 27. . . . 28. Nd 5-f6 Qe 5-d 6 The o n l y move. 28 . . . . Rc7 wo u l d l ose at once after 29 . Qd 8, wh i l e, as the D utch G ra n d m a ster Jan T i m m a n i n d i cates, on the B l ac k K i ng's retreat, 28 . . . . K h 8 , Wh ite can spectac u l a r l y sac r i f i ce h i s Queen : 29 . Qd 7 Qc7 30. N e 8 ! Qxd 7 3 1 . Rf8 mate. 29. Qd 3-c3 Qd 6-e 5 Qe 5-d6 30. Qc3-d 3 3 1 . Qd 3-c3 Qd 6-e 5 Rc8-c7 3 2 . Qc3-b3 33 . Qb3-d 3 Rc7-f7 Forc i ng t h e exchange of the Kn ights, th i s prec ise manoeuvre completely e l i m i nates Wh ite's pressu re . ­ Ed. Rf7 xf6 ( No. 38) 34. Qd3xc4 Wh ite has fa i l ed to fo l l ow up h i s i n i t i at i ve , a l though Karpov made every effort to find t h e best d i ago n a l f o r h i s Quee n . However, f i nd i ng h i m s e l f i n a danger­ ous s i t u at i o n , t h e W o r l d Ch a m p i o n p l ayed very prec i s e l y , a nt i c i pated h i s oppo n e nt's i ntentions and made t h e very best moves a l l a l on g . After the exchange of t h e m i nor pi eces t h e game has q u i etened down , ta k i ng on a drawish c h a racte r . I n t h e heat of the batt l e , h owever, t h e opponents decide to cont i n u e fi ght i ng f o r a fu l l po i nt . b7-b5 3 5 . R f 1 -d 1 A l l comme ntators eva l uate t h i s m o v e a s a sharp, yet very r i sky attempt. 35 . . . . Rf7 l ooks safe r . - Ed. 53

36. Rd 1 -d 7 + Kg7-h6 Oe5-c5+ 3 7 . 0c4-e 2 Oc5-e5+ 38. Kg 1 - h 2 Oe5-c3 39. g2-g3 Oc3-c4 40. K h 2-g2 g6-g5 4 1 . 0e2-e3+ Acco rd i ng to G randmaster M a k a rychev, in the event of 4 1 . Oxc4 bc 4 2 . R x a 7 Rc6 43. R b 7 c3 44. Rb1 Ra6, the game wo u ld i m med i ate l y be d rawn . Oc4-f H 42 . Rd7-d2 . . . ( No. 39) 43 . Kg2-h 2 Th e game was adj ourned . 43 . . . . Of 1 -f3 Rf6-e6 44. 0e3-d 4 Of3-f5 4 5 . e4-e5 a7-a5 46. R d 2-e 2 47 . 0d 4-d 5 b5-b4 Of5-d3 48. 0d 5xa5 Od 3-d4 49 . R e2-g2 Od 4xe5 50. 0a 5-a 8 K h 6-g6 5 1 . 0a8-f8+ h 7- h 5 52. Qf8xb4 53. h 3- h 4 g5xh4 R e 6-d6 54. 0b4x h 4 Rd 6-d 4 55. 0h4-c4 Threate n i n g 56 . . . . R x h 4, fo l l owed by 57 . . . . Oe 1 mate . - Ed. Kg6-g7 56. 0c4-c6+ Kg7-h6 57 . 0c6-b7+ Kh 6-g7 5 8 . 0b7-c6+ R d 4-h4+ 59 . R g2-c2 Oe5-e4+ 60 . K h 2-g2 R h 4x e 4 6 1 . 0c6x e4 Kg7-g6 62. Rc2-c 7+ 54

Re4-e3 63 . Rc7-a7 After 6 3 . . . . h4, fo l l owed by the excha nge of Pawn s, a d raw co u l d perhaps be reach ed even soo ner than i n the actu a l ga me .-Ed. Re3-c3 64. Kg2- h 3 Rc3-c4 6 5 . R a 7 -a 8 Kg6-g5 6 6 . a2-a4 Rc4-a4 67 . a4-a 5 Kg5-h6 6 8 . a 5-a6 Th e B l ack K i ng should hasten to reach the squares h 7 or g7 , wh ich wou l d guarantee B l ack a draw. - Ed. Ra4-a3 69 . Kh 3-g2 K h 6-g7 ( No. 40 ) 7 0 . Kg2-f2 G a m e d rawn . The score i n the match is +2-2=5 .

39

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55

GAME T E N ca ro- Kan n Defence A. Karpov

G. Kasparov

For the f i rst t i m e in the present match t h e Wor l d Cham p i o n decides t o o p e n a g a m e w i t h h i s K i ng's Pawn . In reply, the ex-Wo r l d Cham p i o n resorts to h i s we l l· tested weapon-the Ca ro- Kan n Defence. W i th th is so l id d efence, Anato l y Karpov com p l ete l y succeeded i n neutra l i z i ng Wh i te's ope n i ng i n i tiative i n the recent Cand idates Superf i n a l Match aga i nst Grandmaster An dre i So k o l ov ( Sp a i n , 1 98 7 ) . Th e te nth ga me of t h e Kasparov· Karpov Wo r l d C h a m p i o n · sh i p Match i n Sev i l l e proceeds rath e r u neventfu l l y and soon ends i n a d raw. One gets t h e i m p ression that the pa rtic i pants want to ta k e a rest after t h e long adjournment sessions a n d stormy events of the prev i o u s enco u nters, but, at t h e same t i m e , do not wish to postpo ne the ga m e . c7-c6 1 . e2-e4 d 7 -d 5 2. d2-d 4 d 5xe4 3. N b l -d 2 Th e mod ern h a n d l ing of t h i s ope n i ng, a i med at ta k i n g the st i n g out of the "new" Caro· Ka n n bui ld­ up ( start i n g with 3 . . . g6 ) . wh ich Wh i te wi l l now be able to counter with 4 . c3. After Karpov's rep l y , however, the game transposes to a convent i o n a l l i n e . - Ed. N b 8-d7 4. Nd 2xe4 N g8-f6 5. N g l -f3 Nd 7xf6 6. Ne4xf6+ 7. c2-c3 .

56

As G rand master G u fe l d notes, th i s rather passive move wa s l ast seen in master p l ay more t ha n th i rty years ago, in the P i l n i k-Petrosyan game (Candidate s Tournam ent, Amsterdam, 1 956) , where B l ack emerged from the o pe n i n g in a good pos i t i o n . Wh i te's most a m b i t i o u s cont i n uation is 7 . N e 5 , with wh i c h Anato l y Karpov wo n a spectacu l a r v i ctory over t h e Czech G ra n d master V l ast i m i l Ho rt ( B ugojno, 1 975 ) . BcS-g4 7. ... Bg4xf3 S. h 2 - h 3 After S. . . . B h 5 , W h i te cou l d proceed with t h e sharp 9 . g4 Bg6 1 0. Ne 5 , th reate n i ng 1 1 . h 4 a n d 1 2 . h 5 . - Ed. e7-e6 9. 0d l xf3 BfS-e7 1 0 . Bf l -c4 Nf6-d 5 1 1 . 0- 0 White does not m i nd e x c h a n g i n g h i s dark· squared B i s hop for the B l ac k K n i g h t to open the f· f i l e . How· ever, he shou l d perhaps h ave reta i n ed h i s B i shop pa i r by p l a y i n g 1 2 . Bd 2, Grandmaste r G ufe l d be l i eves. 1 2 . Bc l -e3 Od S-b6 1 3 . 0f3-e2 0-0 ( No. 4 1) As Grand master M a k a rychev suggests, the i m m e d i ate 1 3 . Bb3 wo u l d be m o re exact. 1 4 . R a l -d l Be7-d6 1 5 . Bc4-b3 Garri Kasparov took over half a n h o u r to p l ay th i s move . An i nterest i n g a l te rnative wo u l d be 1 5 . Bc l , and after 1 5 . . . . Bf4 1 6 . B xf4 1 7 . Of3 N d 5 l S . Rd2 Wh ite wo u l d ga i n a sma l l but c l e a r adva ntage . - Ed. Nd 5xe3 1 5. . . . c6-c 5 1 6 . f2xe3 Th i s sta ndard counte r b l ow i n the centre i s both necessary a nd suff i c i ent to keep the game ba l anced . 57

1 7 . R f l -f3 R a 8-e8 1 8 . R d l -f l Re8-e7 Remember i ng the u n h appy developments i n th e fo u rth game, when B l ack fai led to repe l Wh i te's attack aga i n st the sq uare f7, Karpov i s now particu l a r· Iy caref u l to protect th i s p o i n t as stro n g l y as pos· s i b l e . - Ed. Oo6-c7 1 9 . 0e2-f2 At th i s j u nctu re, see i ng that Wh i te i s u n a b l e to ma k e progress agai nst B l ack's stu rd y d efence, the Wor l d Ch a m p i o n offered a d raw. H i s r i va l , however, asked him to p l a y his move o n the board , wh ich is fu l l y i n kee p i n g with the F I D E r u l es.-Ed. 20. Of2-h4 ( No. 42) Karpov then accepts the d raw, and the score i n th e match rema i n s e v e n : +2-2=6.

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GAME E LE V E N

Gruenfeld Defence A. Karpov

G. Kasparov

In th i s game, t h i ngs come to a head q u i te unex· pected l y and contrary to logic. On move t h i rty· one, both K i ngs set out for the centre of the board . I t seemed that for some t i m e t o come a l l t h e rema i n i n g pi eces wo u ld rem a i n i d l e at the i r posts. Sudde n l y , the ex·Wor l d Cha m p i on saw, and very hast i l y p l ayed on th e boa rd, a variati on i n wh ich his R ook wa s to pene· trate into the B l ack camp, attac k i n g the B l ack Pawns from beh i n d . W i th o ut a mome nt's hesitat ion, Garri Kasparov attacked the R oo k wi th h i s Kn ight and fina l l y the Rook was netted by the B l ack p i eces. Anato l y Karpov had to g ive u p h i s Roo k for the B l ack B i shop, but th i s i n no way i m p roved h i s posi· tion : the seem i ng act i v i ty of the Wh i te B i shop wa s quick l y ext i n g u i shed by the prec i se ma noeuvres of the B lack Rook, wh ich had h eretofore s l u m bered i n i t s corner. I n wh at fo l l owed , Kasparov n e a t l y exp l o i t­ ed h i s mate r i a l advantage . 1 . d 2-d 4 NgS-f6 2. c2-c4 g7-g6 3. N b l -c3 d7-d S 4. c4xd S Nf6xdS S. e2-e4 Nd Sxc3 BfS-g7 6. b2xc3 7 . Bf l -c4 c7-cS S. N g l -e2 N b S-c6 9. Bc l -e3 0-0 BcS-g4 1 0 . 0-0 59

Nc6-a5 1 1 . f2-f3 1 2 . Bc4xf7+ Rf8xf7 Rf7xf 1 + 1 3 . f3xg4 Qd 8-d 6 1 4 . Kg l xf l Perhaps d i ssat i sf i ed with 1 4 . . . . cd, as occu rred i n the n i nth game, the Wor l d Ch a m p i o n returns to th e p l a n he ado pted i n Game F i ve, wh e n it took h i m s i xty-five m i n utes to d e c i d e o n th i s cou rse of act i o n . Unwi l l i n g to repeat h i s react ion in that en­ counter, Ka rpov varies, ente r i n g an endgame where B l ack has to strug g le for equa l ity . - Ed. Qd 6-e6 1 5 . Kf l -g l 1 6. Qd l -d 3 I nv i t i ng h i s opponent t o rega i n t h e l ost Pawn , wh ich can h a rd l y su it B l ac k , for after 1 6 . . . . Qxg4 1 7 . R b l Wh ite has, in G randmaster G u f e l d ' s opi n i o n , a c l ear pos i t i o n a l advantage, owi ng to t h e B l ack Kn ight's awkwa rd post at a5. Qe6-c4 ( No. 43) 1 6. .. . 1 7 . Qd 3xc4 N a 5xc4 c5xd4 1 8 . Be3-f2 e7-e5 1 9 . c3xd4 44

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Accord i ng to G randmaster M a k a rychev, th i s i s the k e y move o f the Wo r l d C h a m p i o n ' s p l a n . Evident­ I y , it h as bot h advantages and d i sadvantages. The activ ity of the Wh i te p ieces is now g reat ly reduced , a l though h i s Pawn structure has been i mproved . A. lot wi l l d epend o n wh eth e r Wh i te can succeed i n trans­ fer r i n g h i s K n i g h t to an active post. 20. d 4-d 5 Bg7-h6 2 1 . h2-h4 B h 6-d2 Bd2-a5 22. R a 1 -d 1 After l ong med i tation, Kasparov h e re p l ayed a move wh ich was cr iticized by many comme ntators, a l l of whom suggested 22 . . . . b 5 i nstead , str i v i ng for counterp l a y . - Ed. b7-b 5 23. R d 1 -c 1 24. R c 1 -c2 A m u l t i p u rpose, preventive move, the most natura l re p l y to wh ich wo u ld be, as Grandmasters Ta l and Maka rychev suggested , a7-a6, e i ther now o r fou r moves l ater. T h e B l ack a- Pawn wo u ld t h u s b e safe from attacks by t h e W h i te B i s h op, the Pawn on b5 wou l d be supported , a nd t h e B l ack Rook wo u l d be free to go to c8, or f8, and t he n to i nvade f4. But it wo u l d seem that the Wo r l d C h a m p i o n wa s l oath to be deprived of the possi b i l i ty of p l ay i ng a 7 x b6 in good time, ope n i n g the a-fi l e fo r h i s R o o k . Nc4-d6 24 . . . . Nd 6-c4 25. N e 2-g3 Nc4-d6 26. N g3-f 1 Nd 6-c4 27 . N f 1 -g3 Kg8-f7 ( No. 44) 28. g4-g5 B l ack d i scards t h e opportu n i ty of co unterplaying by t h e ma noeuvre Ra 8-f8-f4, as i f h e anticipated th e dramatic denouement in the game- G r a ndmaster 61

Maka rychev comme nts on B l ac k 's 28th move. Grand­ master Gufeld, on the other hand, be l i eves B l ack's last move to be a m i sta ke, reco m m e n d i n g i nstead 28 . . . . a6 29. Kf l Rf8 30. Ke2 R f4, or 29. N f l Rf8 30 . Ne3 Nd6, with 28 . . . . Rc8 a l so com i ng i nto con siderat i o n . Nc4-d 6 29. Ng3-f l Nd 6-c4 30 . N f l -g3 Kf 7-e7 3 1 . Kg l -f l Ke7-f7 32. Bf2-c5+ 33 . Rc2-f2+ Some comme ntators ma i nta i n that i t is because of t h i s u n h a ppy m a n oeuvre that Wh i te l oses h i s advantage, suggest i n g t ha t t h e a l ternative 3 3 . Ke2 Bb6 34. B x b 6 a b 3 5 . Nf l R a 3 36. N d 2 cou l d sti l l reta i n it. -Ed. 33 . . . . Kf7-g7 34 . R f 2-f6 Noth i ng co u l d be gai ned by 34. h 5 Rc8 ( not, of course, 34 . . . . Bd 8 ? ? i n v i ew of 35. h6+, fo l l owed by 36 . Rf8 mate ) 3 5 . Bxa7 Bd8! wi th eq u a l i ty . - Ed. 34. . . . Ba5-b6 ( No. 45) 46

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I t seems that Wh ite is no l onger a b l e to make any headwa y , for 35. Be7 i s met by 3 5 . . . . R e 8 36. d6 Bd8 (or 36. Re6 Kf7 ) . wh i l e after 35. Bb4 there wo u l d fol l ow 36 . . . . a5. And , of course, i t wo u l d be dangerous for Wh i te to exchange the B i shops, becau se th e a·f i l e wo u l d be open for t h e B l ack Rook to operate o n . - Ed. 35. R f6-c6 I t i s h a rd to account for t h i s unfortu nate over· sight, as a resu l t of wh ich Wh ite l oses the Exchange and the ga m e . Th e ex·Wo r l d C h a m p i o n had at th i s moment p l enty of t i m e o n h i s c l ock, about h a l f an h o u r . I t only took G a r r i Kasparov a few seconds to answe r . - Ed. Nc4-a5 35. . . . Na 5xc6 36. Bc5xb6 R a 8-f8+ 37 . B b6-c7 38 . Kf 1 -e2 R f8-f7 39 . Bc7-d6 Rf7-d7 Nc6-a5 40. Bd 6-c5 . . . ( No. 46) 4 1 . N g3-f 1 Here the game wa s adj ourned and Kasparov sea led his move. The co m m entators we re u n a n i m o u s i n the i r eva l u a t i o n that B l ack wo u l d be a b l e t o e x p l o i t h i s mate r i a l adva ntage without much tro u b l e . And so it happened .- Ed. Rd 7-c7 41 . ... Rc 7-c2+ 42. Bc5-d6 43. Ke2-d3 Rc2xa2 Kg7-f7 44. N f 1 -e3 Na 5-c4 45. N e 3-g4 Nc4xe5 46. N g4xe5+ 47 . Bd6xe5 b5-b4 I t wo u l d seem that Wh i te has ma naged to gain 63

some counterplay, but t h e rapid ma rch of B l ack's b-Pawn quenches all Wh ite's hopes.-Ed. 48 . Be5-f6 b4-b3 49 . e4-e5 R a 2xg2 Kf7-f8 ( No. 47 ) 50. e5-e6+ The most exact rep l y and the co up de grace. Wh ite resigns. The sco re is: +3-2=6 in favou r of Kasparov. GAME TWE L V E Qu een's Gambit Dec l i ned G. Kasparov

A. Karpov

In the twe l fth enco u nter, both pl ayers proceeded with extrem e caut ion . Th e Wo r l d Ch a m p i on un­ h u r r i ed l y moved his p i eces back and forth, wa i t i ng for an opportu n i ty to l a u nch an offensive. Anatoly Karpov, fo r his part, was in no h u r ry to start act ivities. Obviously u nwi l l ing to take chances, Garri Kasparov pl ayed h is 2 1 st move and offered a d raw, wh ich wa s accepted . 48

47

64

e7-e6 1 . c2-c4 For the f i rst time i n t h e present match the ex­ Wo r l d C h a m p i o n a ba ndons the E n g l i sh Open ing, stee r i n g the game i n to one of t h e l i nes of the Queen's G a m b i t. Wh i te can not avoid t h i s, o nce h e opened with 1 . c4 or 1 . d4; h oweve r, th e Wo r l d Champ i on 's next move restri cts B l ac k ' s options by ru l i ng out th e poss i b i l i ty of the N i mz o- I nd i an Defence or the Ta rta­ kower- Mak agonov- Bondarevsk y V a r i a t i o n . 2 . N b l -c3 d 7 -d 5 3 . d2-d4 BfS-e7 e6xd5 4. c4xd5 5. Bc l -f4 N g S-f6 6. e2-e3 BcS-f5 ( No. 48) I n t h e i r prev ious contests u s i n g the same l i n e , both Kaspa rov a n d Karpov preferred here 6 . . . 0-0. The text- m ove, a g reat favo u r i te with Ka rpov 's second E l izbar U b i lava, wa s recentl y tested i n the Sa l ov-T i moshch enko game ( Soviet Ch amp i onsh i p Sem i f i na l , I r kutsk, 1 9S 6 ) . wh ich we nt: 7 . Q b 3 Nc6 S . Qxb7 N b4 9 . Bb5+ KfS 1 0. Kd 2 a6 1 1 . Ba4 Nd3 1 2 . Bxc7 Qc S 1 3 . QxcS R xc S 1 4. B a 5 Nxf2 1 5. Rf l N 6e4+ 1 6 . Nxe4 N x e4+ 1 7 . Ke2 Nd6 l S . Nf3, with advantage to Wh ite. W i th t h e thought that Karpov m i g h t be a b l e to i m prove B l ack 's p l ay somewhere in th i s l i n e , Kasparov decl i nes the tac i t i n v itat ion and se l ects the l ess aggressive, more sol id cont i n uation.-Ed. 7 . Ng l -e2 0-0 c7-c6 S. R a l -c l Bf5-e6 9. Ne2-g3 RfS-eS 1 0 . B f l -d3 Qd S-b6 1 1 . Qd l -b3 1 2 . Qb3-c 2 Trad i ng t h e Queens wo u ld rath e r favou r B l ack, .

65 5 - 1393

wh ereas the retreat of t h e Wh i te Qu een i s h a rd l y a l oss of tempo, for after t h e poss i b l e Nc3-a4, a l so hamper i n g c6-c 5, t h e B l ac k Queen wo u l d h ave to retreat, too . - Ed. N b8-d 7 1 2. . .. g 7 -g 6 1 3 . 0-0 1 4 . h 2- h 3 A t th i s poi nt, as G r a n d m a ster Se rge i M a k a rychev sugge sts, the manoeuvre 1 4 . Na4, f o l lowed by 1 5 . Nc5, deserves considerat i o n . The i d ea be h i nd th i s man­ oeuvre i s to occu py, after the exchange o n c 5 and the recaptu re with t h e d- Pawn (d4xc5 1 . the vital ce ntra l sq uare d4 with the other K n i g h t . Be 7-f8 1 4. . . . R a 8-c8 1 5 . N g3-e 2 Nf6-h 5 1 6 . Qc2-d 2 N h 5-g7 1 7 . Bf4- h 2 "A more agg ressive p l ay e r wo u l d perhaps have chosen 1 7 . . . f 5 i n stead , " comme nts Grandmaster G u fe l d . " Karpov, h oweve r, does not wa nt to be the f ir st to reve a l his p l a n s . " Qb6-d 8 1 8 . g2-g4 .

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66

1 9 . f2-f3 N d 7-,b6 8f8-a3 20 . b2-b3 ( No. 49) 2 1 . Rc l -c2 As Grand master M a k a rychev has put it, both arm i e s a re now ready to c o l l ide, but the Genera l Head q u a rters have g iven t h e command to beat a retreat. G a m e d rawn . T h e sco re in the match is +3-2=7 i n favour of Kasparov.

GAME THI R T E E N

G ruenfeld Defence G . Kasparov

A. Karpov

The Queens were exchanged q u i te e a r l y in th i s encounter and, without ente r i n g a m i dd legame, t h e opponents conti nued th e i r f i ght i n a com p l e x end ing, i n wh ich Wh i te had a strong pa ssed Pawn i n the centre. Ng8-f6 1 . d2-d4 g7-g6 2 . c2-c4 d7-d5 3. N b l -c3 4. Ng l -f3 Acco rd i n g to G randmaster A l e x e i Su eti n , the l i ne wh ich the contenders a re about to test has recently been perhaps the most popu lar and a m b i tious conti · n u a t i o n i n the G ruenfe l d . Here Wh i te proceeds to bu i ld a Pawn centre, wh i le d eveloping h i s K i ng's K n i g h t to f3, rath e r than to e2, as i n the so-ca l l ed m a i n var iation . Garri Kasparov has con s i stently em­ ployed this b u i ld-up w i th the Wh i te p i eces: now he has to fight aga i nst one of his favou r i tes. 67 5*

4. . . . Bf 8-g7 5 . c4xd5 Nf6xd 5 6. e2-e4 Nd 5xc3 7. b2xc3 c7-c 5 8. Ra l -b l The modern hand l i ng o f th i s variation i nvolves a ga m b i t, wh ere Wh i te offers one of h i s Q-s i d e Pawns, on a2 or c3. These Pawn s, h oweve r, are po i soned, as can be see n from the fol lowi ng var iations: 8 . . . . Nc6 9. d 5 Bxc3+ 1 0. Bd 2 B x d 2+ 1 1 . Qxd2, wi th a strong i n i tiative; or 8 . . . . Qa5 9 . Rb5 Qxc3+ 1 0. Bd 2 Qa 3 1 1 . Qc2, and B l ack dangerously l ags i n deve l opment, as i n the Gapri ndashv i l i- Khad i l ka r game ( Lucerne, 1 982 ) ; yet another possi b i l i ty i s 9 . . . . Qxa2 1 0 . R x c5 0- 0 1 1 . Bc4 Qa l 1 2 . Bxf7+ Kxf7 1 3 . Qb3+ e6 1 4 . R xc8 R xc8 ( not 1 4 . . . . Qxc 1 + 1 5 . K e 2 ) 1 5 . Ng5+ Kf8 1 6 . 0- 0 Qa6 1 7 . N x e6+, with a wi n , accor d i n g t o G rand maste r N u k h i m R ash kovsk y . 8. . . . 0-0 9 . Bf l -e2 c5xd4 Wea k e r i s 9 . . . . Nc6 1 0 . d 5 N e 5 1 1 . N x e 5 B x e 5 1 2 . Od2 ! , with an edge . 50

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1 0 . c3xd 4 Qd 8-a 5+ ( No. 50) As G randmaster Serge i iVl a k arychev poi nts out, ana l ysts have for severa l years been l oo k i ng for a con· t i n uat i o n that co u l d l ead to W h i te ' s advantage afte r 1 1 . Bd2 Qx a2 1 2 . 0-0 b6 1 3 . Qc l . T h i s long search be i ng in v a i n , the sy ste m with the Wh ite King's K n i g h t deve loped to f3 has become somewhat less attractive. Qa 5xd2+ 1 1 . Qd l -d 2 e 7-e 6 1 2 . Bc l xd2 The idea b e h i n d th i s move is to try to i mpede th e advance d4-d 5.- £d. b7-b6 1 3 . 0-0 Bc8-b7 1 4 . R f l -d 1 1 5 . d4-d5 As l ong as there are some p i eces left on the board th i s passed Pawn rem a i n s d a n gerous. Accord i n g l y , Wh ite sh o u l d avo id exch a n g i n g p i eces. - Ed. e6xd5 1 5. ... 1 6 . e4xd 5 . . ( No. 5 1) 1 6 . . . . Bxd 5 is u n p l ay a b l e , because of 1 7 . Bb4 R d 8 1 8 . Bc4, pick i n g off the B l ack B i shop . - £d. 1 6. . . . N b 8-d 7 Rf8-c8 1 7 . Bd2-b4 1 8 . Bb4-e7 Th e p l a n i n i t iated by the Wh ite B i shop's i nvasion to e7 i s perhaps too co m m i tt i ng , for a l though the B i shop may assist i n promot i ng t h e Quee n ' s Pawn i t may j u s t as we l l fi nd itse l f o u t o f p l ay at i ts present post, u n l ess oth e r Wh i te p ieces can come to its rescue, ind icates Grandmaster G u fe l d . T h e a l ternative 1 8. Nd4 Nf6 1 9. d6, as occu rred i n t h e Lputyan· Tu kma kov game ( U SS R Champ ionsh ip, 1 984 ) , gave Wh ite some advantage. .

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Th erefore, the ex-Wo r l d Champ i on's b ol d decision to p l ace h is d a rk-sq u a red B i shop fa r beyond the front i e r l i n e has tu r n ed out to be rather unfortunate. 18. ... Bg7-f6 1 9 . d 5-d6 Hav i n g ponde red ove r t h e s i tu at i on for half an hour, the Wor l d Champ ion i n v i tes h i s r i va l to exchange the B i shops. Anato l y Karpov shou l d i m m e d i ate l y have withd rawn the B i sh op t o h i s cam p ; h owever, he d ecides to p u rsue the p l a n of support i n g the B i shop wi t h his centre Pawn . In oth e r c i rcumstances, such a Pawn cou l d become e xtreme l y da ngero us, but i n the present situation the BI ack Kn ight on d7 ob­ structs its further advance. Kg 8-g 7 1 9. ' " 20. Rd 1 -e 1 Ac know l e d g i n g t h e m i stake h e h a s j u st made, wh ich i s evidenced by h i s l ong med i tation ( Ka rpov took 48 m i nutes to p l a y 20. Rd 1 -e 1 ) , the ex-Cham­ pion starts regrou p i n g his forces to bette r posts-a nd succeeds i n atta i n i n g h i s object. Rc8-c5 20 . . . . 2 1 . Be2-b5 B b 7-c6 22 . B b 5xc6 Rc5xc6 23. R b 1 -d 1 ... ( No. 52) Th e game h a s reached a c u l m i nat i o n . W h i te i s p l a y i n g accord i n g to p l a n , h owever, the i m med i ate 23 . g4 wou ld be more exact, for B l ack wo u l d h ave no time to set u p h i s defe nce o n the K-side, po i nts out Eduard G u fe l d . For i n sta nce , 23 . . . . Bc3 24. Re3 f6 25 . g5, or 23 . . . . h6 24. h 4, wi th the same idea. 23 . . . . Bf6-c3 The B l ac k B i shop has attacked the Wh i te Rook, wh ereupon t h e B l ac k Pa wn h a s s h u t i n the Wh ite 70

B i shop. At t h e same t i m e , B l ack can set up a passed Pawn on t h e Q· side. Wh i te's game has become al most cr itica l . f7-f6 2 4 . R e l -e 3 g6-g5 25. g2-g4 26. h 2-h 4 h7-h6 h6xg5 ( No. 53 ) 27 . h 4xg5 Many experts have con side red h ere the possi bi l i ty of 2 8 . R d 5 , fo l l owed by t h e sacr i f ice of the Knight fo r two Pawn s. Although the f i rst i mpression i s that after, e. g . , 28. Rd5 Rc4 29. Nxg5 fg 30. R x g 5+ the B l ack King is rath e r u nco mforta b l y p l aced, the most l i ke l y outcome wou l d be a d raw by perpetu a l . At any rate, Anat o l y Karpov, wh ose j u dgement of the situa­ ti o n m i ght we l l have been more sound, selects a d i fferent seq u e l . - Ed. 28. N f3-d4 Bc3xd4 29 . R d l xd4 R a 8-h 8 M i k h a i l Ta l a n d Serg e i M a k a rychev have both men­ tioned another poss i b i l ity of strugg l i ng for the i n itia­ tive h ere-28 . . . . Rac8. Rc6-c2 30. R e3-e l 53

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a7-a5 3 1 . a2-a4 Kg7-g6 32 . f 2-f4 Kg6xg5 33. f4xg5 The ex-World C h a m p i o n has found a n exce l lent defence by sta rti ng the assa u l t w i th his Pawns on the K-side. As a conseq u ence of Karpov's successfu l operations, the B l ack Pawn that l ocks i n the Wh ite B i shop at e 7 has become wea k . Kg5-g6 34. R e 1 -f 1 R h 8-c8 35. R f 1 -f2 Rc2xf2 ( No. 54) 36. R d4-f4 Garri Kasparov has made every effort to m a i n ta i n h i s i n i t i ative. Yet h i s advantage h a s been g rowi ng sma l l er and sma l l e r wi th each move. Ne ither the B l ack Ki ng's f i ne footwo rk n o r the i ntricate manoeu vres of the B l ack Ro ok are of any ava i l . So the World Cha mpion offers a d raw, wh ich is accepted . The sco re i n t h e match is +3-2=8 i n favour of Kasparov .

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The Lope de V ega Theatre, where t h e match was played

Open i n g cerem o n y of t h e Wo rld Champio n s h i p Match i n Sevi l l e , 1 987 . I n the bottom rig ht-ha nd co rner- F lorencio Cam poma nes, F I D E President

Arbiters are a lways busy

Th e Match is on I

The riva l kings

In the press room

Anato ly Karpov answers journalists' questions at a press conference Autograph h u nters in the streets of Sevi l l e . On t h e l eft o f Anato ly Karpov-his wife Natasha

Tennis i s the basis of the ex-Champion's physical tra i n i ng

INSTI T U TO DE FO DE A N DA

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Garri Kasparov usua l l y arrives f i rst for a game

Sevi l l e : chess fever

White to play

Sevi l le , t h e capi tal of And a l u s i a

GAM E FOURTEEN Caro- Kann Defence A. Karpov

G. Kasparov

c7-c6 1 . e2-e4 d 7 -d 5 2 . d2-d4 d 5xe4 3 . N b 1 -d 2 N b 8-d 7 4. Nd 2xe4 5 . N g 1 -f3 Ng8-f6 N d 7 xf6 6. N e 4xf6+ 7. c2-c3 Bc8-g4 Bg4xf3 8. h2-h 3 9 . 0d 1 x f3 Qd 8-d 5 (No. 55) Wh i l e i n t h e tenth encounter of th i s match the Wor l d C h a m p i o n could h ave been surp r i sed by the Ca ro- K a n n , i n the prese n t game h e wa s ex pected by everyone to be ready for th i s d efence and, perhaps, even to come up with a n i n novat i o n . The fi rst e ig h t moves we re exact ly the same as those i n the tenth contest, but on the n i nth move it was the ex-World Ch a m p i o n who was the f i rst to 55

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vary, and the appeara nce of th e B l ack Queen in the centre of the board cou l d only be i nterpreted as a taci t offer of a d r aw. At the sam e t i m e , as G randmaster E d u a rd Gufeld has poi nted out, B l ack's n i n t h move i s an i m portant theoretica l i n novation i n th i s l i n e, e na b l i ng h i m to eq ua l i ze mo re ea s i ly th a n , for examp l e , after 9 . , e6 1 0 . Bc4 B e 7 1 1 . 0-0 N d 5 1 2 . Bd2, wh ich wou l d give White a s l i gh t edge . After the text-move, it wo u l d hard l y be advantageous fo r W h i te t o exchange Queens on d 5 , because, afte r 1 0. Qxd 5 cd B l ack's Pawn co nfiguration wo u l d be i m p roved, m a k i n g it poss i b l e f o r h i m t o start Q-side act i v ities b y advanc i ng h i s Pawn s ( e . g. , b7-b 5-b4 ) , a we l l k n own strateg ic plan, co m m o n l y referred to a s the "Pawn m i nority attac k " . Accord i n g l y , Kasparov o n l y agrees to exch a nge at f3 . e7-e6 1 0 . Bf l -e2 Bf8-d6 1 1 . 0-0 Bd 6-c7 1 2 . Qf3-d 3 Qd 5-d 7 1 3 . B e2-f3 I n E d uard Gufeld's o p i n i o n , B l ack co u l d at t h i s moment s h o w som e act i v i ty by p l ay i ng 1 3 . . . . Qd 6. B ut Sergei M a ka rychev notes that W h i te wo u l d play g2-g3 a nyway becau se i t i s req u i red by his p l a n , so it wo u l d be p o i n t l ess to provoke th i s move by with­ drawi ng t h e B l ack Queen to d6, where i t i s somewh a t m i sp l aced . 1 4 . R f l -d l 0- 0 R a 8-d8 1 5 . c3-c4 Eduard Gufeld suggests that, i n stead of the so l id , ca utious text-move, B lack cou l d aga i n p l ay more active l y , underm i n i n g the W h i te centre with 1 5 . e5. Karpov appears to h ave rej ected th i s cont i nuation . .

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beca use of Wh ite's poss i b l e reply 1 6 . B g 5 , after wh ich 1 6 . . . . ed 1 7 . Bxf6 gf 1 8 . Be4 wo u l d l ead to a very sharp game, not sU iti ng the ex-Wo r l d Champion's i ntentions. . .. (No_ 56) 1 6 . Qd3-b3 Th is prevents the u nderm i n i ng e6-e 5 , wh i l e afte r 1 6 . B g 5 Bb6 1 7 . d 5 ! B l ack's position wo u l d o n l y be s l i gh t l y i nferior i n sp ite of h is dete r i orated Pawn structu re, G ra n d m a ster M a k a rychev points out. 1 6. .. . Qd 7-e7 1 7 . g2-g3 Bc7-b8 R d 8-d 7 1 8 . B c 1 -e3 1 9 . R d 1 -d 2 R f8-d 8 20 . R a 1 -d 1 h 7- h 6 . . . (No. 57) 2 1 . a2-a3 The Wo r l d C h a m p ion offers a d raw, wh ich i s accepted . I t see m s that such an o u tcome su its both r i va l s . I ndeed, Kasparov is l ead i n g i n t h e matc h , h i s u l t i mate victo ry app roac h i ng with each d raw. Karpov, on the ot her hand , has no reason as yet to start ta k i ng r isks wh i l e p l ay i ng for a w i n with t h e B l ack p i eces. 57

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The p l ayer s have te n more games to go. As Grand­ master Eduard G ufe l d notes, Anato l y Ka rpov sa id i n an i nterview t o S p a n i sh j o u r n a l i sts: "Wh ereas f i v e g a m e s w e r e suffic i e n t f o r Kasparov to turn the ta b l es, I h ave twice as many to ach ieve the same o bj ect . . .' Th e sco re i n t h e match i s +3-2=9 i n favou r of Kasparov . GAME F I F T E E N Gruenfeld Defence A. Karpov

G. Kasparov

In t h e f ifteenth game , t h e m o st i m portant part was p l ayed by the Pawn s, both Wh ite and B l ack . Th e i r operat i o n s-now in the centre, now on the flanks-repeated l y c reated new opportu n it i e s for the pi eces, and th i s a l ternate ly led e i ther to improving Karpov's offe nsive o r to strengt h e n i ng Kasparov's defence. But when the G ra n d m a sters were a l ready i n the shadow of time pressu re, wr i te s Sergei M a k arychev, the game was sud d e n l y s i m p l ified by massive ex­ changes. Karpov st i l l reta i ned a sm a l l adva ntage , yet it was too sma l l for h i m to hope for a fu l l point. 1 . d2-d4 N g 8-f6 g7-g6 2. c2-c4 3. N b 1 -c3 d7-d 5 Bf8-g7 4. N g 1 -f3 d 5xc4 5 . Qd 1 -b3 6. Qb3xc4 0-0 N b 8-a6 7. e2-e4 Shou l d Karpov have p l ayed 8 . e 5 here, both B l ack 92

K n i ghts wo u l d h ave been o u t of p l ay for a wh i l e. However, the e x-Wo r l d Ch a m p i o n preferred the modest deve lop ment of his K i ng ' s B i shop to e 2 . I n rep l y , Kaspa rov i m m e d i at e l y started u nd e r m i n ­ i ng t h e Wh ite cen tre with h i s Pawn s . c7-c5 8 . B f 1 -e2 e7-e6 9 . d4-d 5 e6xd5 1 0 . 0-0 1 1 . e4xd 5 Bc8-f5 1 2 . R f 1 -d 1 . . . (No. 58) Th i s is a nove lty. I n the 1 9th encounter of last year's re-matc h , Karpov p l ayed the more natu ra l 1 2 . Bf4, and eve n tu a l l y won th e game . Accord i n g to G rand master Serge i M a k arychev, the position that a r i ses after 1 2 . . . . R e8 1 3 . Rad 1 Ne4 1 4 . N b 5 Qf6 has freq u e n t l y occ u r red in to u r n ament practice s i nce then; howeve r, the theoretic i a n s have so far fa i l ed to assess it u n a m b i g u o u s l y . RfS-e 8 1 2. . .. h7-h6 1 3 . d 5-d6 Wh i l e Karpov wa s rap id l y advanc i ng h i s Quee n ' s Pawn - f i rst to t h e f i fth r a n k a n d the n t o the s i x t h 58

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Kasparov strived to reta l i ate by b r i ng i ng h i s p i eces to act ive, menacing posts . At t h e same t i m e , the Wo r l d Cham p i o n d i d n o t neg l ect t o p l a y w i t h h i s Pawn s. I t was Kasparov's subt l e t h i rteenth move that may perhaps have surpr ised Karpov to so me extent because, for the f i rst t i m e in th i s enco u nte r , the e x · ""orld Cham p i o n was sudd e n l y d eep i n thought, ta k i ng a l most h a l f an h o u r to respond . One may suppose that Karpov was q u i te content with h i s game at t h i s moment, a nd h e w a s o n l y l o o k i ng for a w a y of i ncreas i ng h i s pressu r e . After the nat u r a l 1 3 . . . . Ne4, i n d i cates Se rgei Ma­ karychev, there cou ld fol low 1 4. d 7 ! R e 7 1 5 . Nxe4 R x e4 1 6 . B g5 ! , with a c l e a r adva ntage for Wh ite. N a 6-b4 1 4 . h 2-h 3 B l ack is gett i n g ready to cou nterp l ay o n the Q- side with his Pawn s. In the event of 1 5 . Qxc5?, Wh i te wou l d l ose mate r i a l after 1 5 . . . . Nc2 1 6 . R b 1 N d 7 , fo l l owed by 1 7 . . . . B xc3 and 1 8 . . . . R x e 2 . - Ed. 1 5 . Bc l -f4 N f6-d 7 1 6 . Rd l -d 2 a7-a6 1 7 . Qc4-b3 The Wh ite Quee n , wh ich is vu l nerab le on i ts present po st, starts retreat i ng . B l ack th reate ns to p l ay 1 7 . . . . b 5 1 8 . Qb3 Nc2 1 9. R xc2 c 4 20. Q a n y B xc2, wi n n i ng the Exchange. b7-b5 1 7 . .. c 5-c4 1 8 . Qb3-d l 1 9 . a2-a4 A cu l m i na t i o n . Wh ite , poi nts out Grandmaster Maka rychev, has ceded h i s centra l pos i t i o n , but has created dangerou s th reats to t h e h o st i l e Pawn c h a i n on the Q-si d e . Nd 7-c5 1 9. ... 94

N b 4-d3 (No. 59 ) 20. a4xb5 G randmaster M a k a rychev be l ieves the text·move to be the most re l i a b l e co n t i n uation, assess i ng 20 . . . . Nb3, by wh ich B l ack a l so w i n s t h e E xchange, a s a less co n v i nc i ng l in e . I ndeed, in t h e case of 20. '" Nb3 2 1 . R a 4 N x d 2 , W h i te h a s , accord ing to Eduard G u fe l d , suff icient co mpensation after both 22. Qxd 2 a5 23 . B xc4, and 22 . R xb4. Nc5xd3 2 1 . Be2xd3 22. Rd2xd3 B l ack th reate n s not only 2 2 . . . . N xf4, but a lso 22 . . . . N xb 2 . I n the po sition that h as now a r i sen, the acti v i ty of the W h i te p i eces is more i m portant than his sma l l mate r i a l l oss. Wh ite i nd i cates Serge i Maka­ rychev, is j ust i f i a b l y f i g h t i ng for the i n i t i ative. 22 . . . . c4xd3 a6xb5 23 . N c3-d 5 24 . Nd 5-e7+ Afte r 24. Rxa8 Qxa8 25. Nc7 Qc 8 26. Nxe8 Qxe8, Wh i te wou ld w i n back t h e Excha nge, but he wo u l d f i nd h i mself i n an i nferior posit i o n . W i th h is text- move, h owever Karpov can st i l l hope to fight 59

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for a fu l l po i n t . - Ed. Kg8- h 7 24 . . . . 25 . R a 1 xa8 Qd 8xa8 26. Ne7xf5 g6xf5 Qa8-e4 2 7 . Qd 1 xd 3 28 . Qd 3xb5 R e 8-a8 Exto l l i ng Kaspa rov ' s l a st move, G ra n d m a ste r M a k a rychev eva l u ates t h e resu l t i ng pos ition as fol lows : "The W h i te B i shop on f4 is i n d i rect l y protected , becau se, after 2 8 . . . . Qxf4, t h e B l ack R ook on e8 wou l d be en prise. The ente rp r i s ing l i ne beg i n n i ng 28 . . . . Ra8, h oweve r, force s Wh i te to retreat for the time be i n g, because, i n the event of 29 . B e 5 f4 30. B x g 7 R a 1 + 3 1 . K h 2 Qb 1 , h e wo u l d sudd e n l y b e lost. " Ra8-d8 29 . B f4-d 2 Qe4-e6 30. Qb5-c 5 3 1 . Bd2-f4 Bg7xb2 32 . Nf3-h4 B b 2-f6 ( No. 60) 33 . Qc 5xf5+ Acco rd i ng to Serge i M a k a rychev t h e l i ne starti ng with 33 . N x f5 does look tem p t i n g , but Wh i te may be 61

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in tro u b l e if B l ack responds with 33 . . . . Rc8. 33 . . . . Qe6xf5 34. N h4xf5 h6-h 5 h 5 xg4 35 . g2-g4 Kh 7-g6 36. h3xg4 B f6-b2 37 . Kg 1 -g2 Kg6-f6 38 . N f5-e 7+ R d 8-d7 39 . Ne7-c6 Rd 7-d8 40. Nc6-b8 Kf6-e6 4 1 . d6-d7 B b 2-a3 ( No. 6 1 ) 42 . Kg2-f3 H ere the game was adj ourned and Karpov sea l ed h i s 43rd move . B l ack n ow th reate ns 43 . . . . Bd6, and therefore 43 . Bc7 is o b l igatory for Wh i te . But then he has no w i n n i ng chances after 43 . . . . Rxd7 44. Nxd7 Kxd7 , fol l owed by 4 5 . ... Ke6 and 46 . . . . f 5 . I t i s e a s y t o s e e that B l ack's p o s i t i o n i s impenetrable. Acco rd i n g l y , a d raw was agn,ed without resu m i n g p l a y . - Ed. The sco re in the match is +3-2= 1 0 in favour of Kasparov. GAME SIXTE E N

Engl ish Open ing A. Ka rpov

G. Kasparov

A l l the prev i o u s s i xteenth games p l ayed i n the Wo r l d C h a m p i o n sh i p Matches between these riva l s tu rned out t o b e extre m e l y hard-fought a n d th r i l l ing. Cu r i o u s l y enoug h , G a r r i Kasparov had the advantage in a l l three of them, twi ce succeed i ng in pressing it home. W i l l the "trad i t i o n " be kept up i n Sev i " e ?-Ed. 97 7 - 1 393

The s i xtee nth encou nte r , to u se ath l etics ter m i n­ ology, is the l a st ban ked t u rn before the home stra i ght. I t is a hard, re l e nt l ess fight right from the begi n n i n g, and with each move the p l ayers are being dragged cl oser and c l oser i nto the grip of t i me·pressure . 1 . c2-c4 The tenth, twe lfth , and fou rte e nth games of the present match a l l t u r n ed out to be short u neventfu l i n te r l udes. And s i nce it was G a r r i Kaspa rov who had the W h i te pieces in these encounters and wh o was the i n i t i ator of the "peace ta l ks" , both spectators and journ a l i sts were natura l l y u nhappy with the Wor l d Champion's unwi l l i ngn ess t o fight-as h e wa s t o l d at a press conference after the fourteenth game . So me­ wh at nett l e d , G a rr i Kasparov p ro m i sed that ' b lood wi l l yet be shed". Th e Wo r l d Champ i o n k e eps h i s wo rd : h e n o w retu r n s t o t h e En g l i sh Openi ng, wh ich betokens a sharp stru gg l e . - Ed. 1 . ... e7-e5 N gS-f6 2 . N b l -c3 N b S-c6 3. N g l -f3 4. g2-g3 B fS-b4 5 . Bf l -g2 0-0 R fS-eS 6 . 0- 0 7 . d2-d 3 Wh i l e G randm aster M a k a rych ev i s of the opi n i o n t h a t 7 . Nd 5 g i v e s Wh i te a sl ight edge, G r a nd ma ste r Gufeld t h i n k s that it g ives W h ite n ot h i ng, e . g., 7 . . . . N xd 5 S . cd N d 4 9 . N e l c6 1 0 . e 3 N b 5 1 1 . d 3 Nc7 1 2 . Nc2 BfS 1 3 . dc dc, with eq u a l ity . 7. . . . B b 4xc3 The rather passive 7. . . . d6 is l ess accepta ble, because of S. Nd5 N xd 5 9 . cd N d 4 1 0. N xd 4 ed 1 1 . e4, with good prospects for Wh i te ( G ufe l d ) . 98

e5-e4 8 . b2xc3 The best, thou gh force d , move . Otherw i se, Wh ite wou l d effectively cont i n u e 9 . e2-e4, ga i n i ng the advantage . h 7 -h6 9. Nf3-d4 . . . ( No. 62) 1 0 . d 3xe4 As a l l com m e ntators h ave poi nted out, th i s is an important th eoretical i n novati o n . Kasparov's out­ wa rd l y " u g l y " move, a fte r wh ich Wh ite's Pawn structure is co nsidera b l y wea kened, is both a mb i tious and cruc i a l for this l i n e , becau se Wh i te , wh o has the B i shop- p a i r , shou ld str ive to open u p t h e game. 1 0 . '" Nf6xe4 d7-d5 1 1 . 0d l -c2 1 2 . c4xd 5 Kasparov took a l ot of t i m e on th i s move. The va riations h e had to assess are ind eed n u m e rous a nd i ntr icate, for i nstance , 1 2 . N b 5 Bf5 ! 1 3 . cd Nxg3 1 4 . e4 Nxf l 1 5 . ef, o r 1 5. dc bc 1 6 . Nd4 B xe4 1 7 . B x e4 Oh4 1 8 . Bg2 R e l 1 9. Bxf l Og4+, or 1 8 . f3 N x h 2 1 9 . Ox h 2 Oe 1 + 20. Kg2 Oxc3 a n d , accord i ng to E d u a rd Gufe l d , B l ack h a s exce l lent cou nter-cha nces 63

62

99 7*

everywh ere. However, as Se rge i M a k a rychev has po i nted out, Wh i te now has at his d i sposal a qu i eter a l ternative: 1 2 . R d 1 Nxd4 1 3 . R xd 4 Qf6 ! 1 4 . Be3 c5 ! ( otherwise Wh i te wo u l d ga i n the advantage ) 1 5 . Bxe4 ! (bad is 1 5 . R x d 5 beca u se of 1 5 . . . . N xc3, th reaten i n g . . . Nxe2+ and Qxa 1 ) 1 5 . . . . de ( wo r se i s 1 5 . . . c d 1 6 . Bxd4 Qe7 1 7 . B xd5 Qxe2? 1 8 . Qg6 ! ) 1 6 . R xe4 Bf5, though W h ite's e xtra Pawn does not g ive h i m a ny serious wi n n i ng ch ances. Qd 8xd5 (No. 63) 1 2. .. . Th is pos i t i o n seems to h ave been stud ied q u i te we l l by Anato l y Karpov in h i s pre·match prepa rati ons, for h e spe n t on l y n i ne m i nutes on th ese f i rst twe l v e moves, whereas Kasparov s p e n t f ive t i m e s as long . The vis-a· v i s of the B l ack Queen and the Wh i te B i · shop on the l o n g l i g h t d i agonal is, o f cou rse, far from p l easant. Howeve r , the ex-Wo r l d C h a m p i o n eva l u ated the conseq ue nce s very carefu l ly , says Eduard G u fe l d . 1 3 . e 2-e3 The X-ray i ng 1 3 . Rd 1 i s no l onger p l ay a b l e here, i n v i ew of 1 3 . . . . Bf5 ! 1 4 . N xf5 Qxf5, with the threats of 1 5 . . . . Qxf2+ and 1 5 . . . . N x g 3 , po i nts out Grand­ master G ufe l d . Nc6-a5 1 3. ... By this prec i se manoeuvre, p r i m a r i ly aimed at se i z i ng possession of the i m portant sq uare c4 and b l oc kad i ng the Wh ite Pawn o n c3, B l ack a l so prepares the adva nce of h i s Pawn to c5 to d r ive away the Wh i te K n i g h t from the ce ntr e . - Ed. An i nterest i n g a l te r n at i ve is 1 3 . . . . N x d 4 1 4 . cd c6 1 5 . R d 1 Bf5 1 6 . f3 N x g 3 1 7 . e4 N x e4, wi th fu l l compensati o n for the sacr i f i ced p iece-accord i ng to Serge i Makarychev. 1 00

Ne4·--d6 1 4 . f 2-f3 Qd 5-c5 1 5 . e3-e4 Nd 6-c4 1 6 . B c l -e3 It wo u l d seem that afte r 1 6 . . . . N ac4 the B l ack K n i g h ts wou l d be more act i ve l y p l aced tha n in the actua l game; at the mome nt. h owever, i t i s more impo rtant for B l ack to e n su re a safe retreat for h is Quee n , wh ich is to be transferred to a better post. ­ Ed.

Qc 5-e7 1 7 . B e 3-f2 Bc8-d 7 1 8 . R a l -d l R a 8-d8 ( No. 64) 1 9 . f3-f4 Leav i ng the ope n i ng su bt leties beh i nd , the p l ayers have switched to pos i t i o n a l manoeuvring. Kasparov has gathered a group of p i eces and pawns on the K· side, hoping for an attack there, i n wh ich h is two powe rfu l B i shops, assi sted by Pawns wi l l be p l aying the l ead i ng part. Karpov, who lacks a Pawn-centre, is c l osely watch ing the ma n oeuvres of the Nh ite pi ece s, but keeps h i s own fo rces rather c l ose to h is goa l, to use th e soccer ter m . B y the twe ntieth m o v e the preparat ion f o r t h e 65

64

1 01

com i ng batt l e has been com p l eted , and the Wor l d Ch a m p i o n has reso l ute l y p u s h e d h i s most i mportant, K i ng's, Pawn across the fro ntier l i n e . 20 . e4-e 5 After th i s move B l ack succeeds i n stopp i ng the further advance of t h e Wh ite Pawns by setti n g up a b l ockade on t h e l ig h t sq uares, but i t seems that Kasparov has a l ready decided o n the var iation i nvo lv­ ing t h e Pawn sac r i f ice that he starts carry ing out with his 24th move .-Ed. Bd 7-g4 20 . . . . Qe7-e6 2 1 . N d 4-f 5 R e8xd8 22 . R d l xd8 Qe6-c8 ( No. 65) 23. N f5-d4 24 . f4-f5 The com me ntato rs who gave th i s move a " ? " seem to be j ustified i n t h e i r assessm e n t by the further deve lopment of events i n t h e game. I n stead of the text- move, W h ite cou l d m a i nt a i n t h e tension by 24 . Be4. -Ed. c7-c5 24 . . . . c5xd4 25 . Qc2-e4 At th i s j u nctu re, 25 . . . . h5 a l so com e s i nto consid­ erati o n . W h i te's idea co u ld be j u st ified, howeve r, after 25 . . . . N d 2 2 6 . Qxg4 N xf l 2 7 . e6 cd 28. f6 g6 29 . ef+ Kxf7 30. Bd 5+, W h i te w i n n i ng in a matter of a few moves, i nd icates Eduard G u fe l d . Nc4xe5 26 . Qe4xg4 27 . Qg4-e2 Wh i l e the t i m e on h i s c l ock wa s ru n n i ng out, the Wor l d Cha m p i o n , having spe n t ten m i nutes out of the twenty he had, com m i tted , i n c l ose succession, two errors: f i rst, he sh o u ld have withd rawn h i s Queen to e4 rather than e2. G ra n d m a ster G ufeld i s, however, 1 02

of the o p i n ion t h at 27 . Qe4 is stro n g l y met by 27 . . . . Nec4. Ne 5-c6 27 . . . . Nc6xd4 28 . c3xd4 29. Bf2xd4 And here i s the seco nd m i sta k e : Wh i te trades away h i s powe rfu l B i shop. R d 8xd4 29 . . . . Qc8-e6 ( N o. 66 ) 30 . f 5-f6 Th i s is h a rd l y the position Kasparov str ived to reach when sacr ific i ng the Pawn on h i s 24th move. Wh i te's attack has co me to n oth i ng after B l ack 's qu i te obv i ous rep l ies, a n d th e Wor l d Champion a l one can exp l a i n which of them h e fa i l ed to foresee. The second part of the game i s p l ayed by both p l ayers under sever e t i me-pressu r e . 3 1 . Qe2-b2 The com m e n tators expressed the o p i n i on that W h i te's best d rawing chance was to enter the end­ game a Pawn be h i nd . Anato l y Karpov agreed with th i s assessm e n t at the press conference after the ga me . G randm aster M a k a rychev i l l u strates t h i s idea as 67

66

1 03

fo l l ows: 3 1 . Oxe6 fe 32. R e 1 R d 6 33. R x e 6 ! R xe6 34 . B d 5 gf 3 5 . B x e 6+, and Wh ite can sti l l hope to save the day. Oe6-e3+ 31 . . . . b7-b6 32 . Kg 1 -h 1 H a v i n g wrested the i n i tiative, Ka rpov p l ays very preci se l y , h i s superco o l th i rty second move espec i a l l y deserv i n g ad m i rat i o n . Na 5-c4 33 . f6xg7 Kg8xg7 34 . 0b2-c2 Nc4-d 6 35 . B g2-d 5 Oe 3-e5 36 . 0c2-b2 a7-a5 37 . Bd5-b3 f7-f5 38 . 0b2-f 2 b6-b5 39 . Qf2-b2 Having found h i m se lf i n a l ost pos i t i o n , the Wor l d Ch a m p i o n attem pted to confuse h i s opponent b y t h e shutt l i ng m o v e s of t h e Wh ite Oueen o n the second ra n k , but Karpov u n pe rtu rbed l y p a r r i ed a l l h i s th reats. Meanwh i l e , t h e B l ack Pawns r e l e n t less l y advanced . . . Kg7-g6 ( No. 67) 40. a2-a3 Here the game wa s adj o u r ned . Wh ite's position can hard l y be saved , but t h e re are st i l l subt le practica l chances l eft. Kasparov, h owever, decides to res ign without resu mption-to t h e aston i s h m e nt of many comme ntators. The Wo r l d Champion seems to trust the a n a l ytica l potentia l of Karpov's team and, rath e r t h a n pro long h is ago n y , h e te nders h i s resignation.­ Ed.

The score of the m atch is now even : +3-3= 1 0.

1 04

GAME SEVENTEEN

King's I nd ian Defence G . Kasparov

A. Karpov

The K i ng's I nd i a n h a s a lways been the ""or l d Ch a m p i o n ' s p r i n c ipa l d efensive weapo n . Y e t i t i s t h e fi rst t i m e t h a t h e ad opts th i s extreme l y com p l icated ope n i ng aga i nst Karpov. It seems that psych o l ogica l l y t h e sUrprise fu l l y j usti f ied i tse lf because, i n order that the h a rd-wo n eq u i l i b r i u m i n th e match be retai ned , the ex-World Champion se lects perhaps the most sol id l i ne, wh ich has been repeated l y tried a nd tested i n master p l a y and wh ich h a s b e e n thoroug h l y analyzed by ch ess theorists. N g8-f6 1 . N g l -f3 g7-g6 2. c2-c4 Bf8-g7 3 . N b l -c3 Beca u se of the rath er u nco nve n t i o n a l order of moves chosen by Karpov, th e Wo r l d Ch a m p i o n has now to recko n with the possi b i l ity of ente r i ng a s l i g h t l y inferior end i ng a r i s i n g after 3 . . . . d 5 4. cd N xd 5 5 . e 4 N xc3 6 . dc Oxd l 7 . Kxd 1 + , wh ere t h e Wh ite K i ng f i n d s an act ive post on c2.-Ed. d7-d6 4. e2-e4 5. d 2 -d 4 0-0 e7-e5 6. B f l -e2 As every exponent of the K i ng's I nd i an k nows , B lack's sixth move i s n o t a n offer o f a Pawn : afte r 7 . de de 8 . Oxd8 R xd 8 9. N x e 5 N xe4, B l ac k 's end ­ game prospects wou ld be exce l lent. -Ed. N b8-c6 7 . 0-0 8. d4-d 5 1 05

The most con s i stent cont i n u a t i o n . Setti n g up the Pawn wedge i n the centre, W h i te d r ives away the B l ack K n ight and prepares for a Q-s i d e expansion.­ Ed.

Nc6-e7 8. . . . 9. Nf3-d 2 The most popu l a r move, i ntrod uced by Ta i m a nov. The idea beh i nd the Wh i te Kn ight's retreat is to bo l ster u p a Q-s i d e offensive ( b 2-i:>4 and c4-c5 ) by br i n g i ng th e K n i g h t to b3 o r c4.-Ed. a7-a5 9. . . c7-c5 ( N� 6� 1 0 . b2-b3 In th i s variation, W h i te f i r m l y c l oses a l l the central l i n es and , as has a l ready been mentioned, str i ves to l a u nch a Q-s ide attac k . Needl ess to say, the Wor l d Ch a m p i o n foresaw th i s poss i b l e deve l opment o f t h e ga me and, with the two strong m o v e s by h i s Pawns, fo r a wh i l e stopped Wh ite's Q- side offe n s i ve and started h is own act i v i t i e s o n the K-s i d e . N f6-e8 1 1 . a2 -a3 f7-f5 1 2 . R a 1 -b l a5xb4 1 3 . b3-b4 .

69

68

1 06

1 4 . a3 x b4 1 5 . Qd l -b3

b7-b6 Ne8-f6

Bg7-h6 1 6. B e 2-d3 R a 8-a l 1 7 . R b l -b2 As a resu l t of the preventive measu res taken by the Wor l d C h a m p i on (a7-a5 i n conj unct i o n with c7-c 5 ) , W h i te had to l o s e a va l u a b l e t e m p o to c a r r y o ut t h e t h e m a t i c advance of h i s b- Pawn to b4, B l ack a l so h a v i n g the open a-f i l e for h i s R o o k . B u t wh at sho u l d he d o n o w ? Kasparov ta k es 43 m i nutes t o decide on the f o l lowing penetrat i o n by his R o o k , a i med at ham­ pe r i n g Wh ite's m a n o eu v res i n his own camp and a l so at exchangi ng, if possi b l e , the i nvad er and the K i ng's B ishop for t h e i r co u n terparts. Accord i n g to M i k h a i l Ta l , after 1 7 . . . . f 4 Wh ite wo u l d h ave n ot h i ng better th an to ta ke a draw by 1 8. bc bc 1 9 . Qb6 Qd 7 20 . Qb5 Qd8 2 1 . Qb6. H owever, Wh ite's l ast move ind icates h i s intention to contend for a-f i l e . - Ed. 1 8 . Qb3-c2 B h 6-f4 B l ack 's Rook o n a l and B i shop on h6 a re un­ protected , th e retreat of the Wh ite Queen to c2 having prepa red a d o u b l e attack o n them by 1 9. Nb3. Accord i n g l y , B l ack transfers h i s B i shop to the pro­ tected sq uare, ta k i n g adva ntage of the fact that an attem pt by Wh ite to d r ive away t h e B i shop by g2-g3 wo u l d d a ngero u s l y wea k e n h is K-side pos i t i o n . Th e n , as Eduard G ufe ld poi nts out, th ere m i gh t fol low 1 9 . . . . B h 6 20. bc bc 2 1 . Nb3 B x c l 22. R xc l R xc l 23 . Qxc l f4, whereupon 24. g f wo u l d b e bad i n view of 24 . . . . N h 5 with a stron g attack . 1 9 . Nd 2-f3 . . . ( No. 69) Th i s is, perhaps, the key moment in the game. The World C h a m p i on co u ld now have attempted to mount his K-side offensive by push i n g his Pawns. 1 07

Th i s, however, wo u l d free Wh i te ' s hands to i ncrease the pressu re o n the other w i n g . Kasparov the refore decides not to ta ke cha nces, a n d , h a v i n g caused a long se ries of excha nges, steers the ga me i nto a roug h l y even e nd i n g . f5xe4 1 9. .. . Nf6xe4 20. Nc3xe4 Ra 1 xc 1 2 1 . Bd3xe4 Bf4xc 1 22. R f 1 xc 1 Ne 7-f5 23 . Qc2xc 1 24 . Qc 1 -g5 Only by exc h a n g i n g Queens, i nd icates G r a n d m a ster Makarychev, can White h ope to get the adva ntage . Oth e rwise, B l ack's K-side i n i t iative c o u l d become q u i te menac i n g . Nf5-d4 24. . . . Nd4xf3+ 25. Qg5xd8 Rf8xd8 26. Be4xf3 b6xc5 2 7 . b4xc5 Rd 8-f8 28 . R b2-b8 Rf8-f6 29. R b8-b6 Rf6-f8 30. R b6-b8 Rf8-f6 3 1 . R b8-b6 Bc8-f5 32 . B f3-e4 33. Be4xf5 Rf6xf5 In the event of 34. Rxd6 Rf4, fo l l owed by . . . R xc4, B lack, th reate n i ng t o mate o n t h e back row, wo u l d g a i n a tempo and can easi l y d raw, accord i ng to Serge i M a k a rychev. R f 5-f6 34 . g 2-g3 But th i s is a "tech n ica l ' i n n acuracy, b e l i eves Eduard G u fe l d . The co n si stent 34 . . . . Rf3 wo u l d have led to a s i m p l e draw. As i t i s , W h i te now gains a sma l l but c l e a r advantage. 1 08

h7-h6 35. h 2-h4 KgS-g7 36 . Kg 1 -g2 Kg7-gS 37 . f 2-f3 g6-g5 3S. Kg2-f2 h6xg5 39 . h4xg5 KgS-g7 40 . Kf2-e3 Kg7-h7 4 1 . R b6-bS ... (No. 70) 42. R bS-d S Here th e game was adjourned, the Wo r l d Cham­ pion having sea l e d h i s 42nd move . B l ac k ' s pos i t i on looks i m pe netra b l e , a n d h i s cou nterp l ay aga i nst the White Pawn o n f3 prompted most comme ntators to bring in the v erd ict of an easy d raw. The pos i t i o n , however, has t u r n e d out more tricky th a n its appear­ ance wo u l d suggest. The World Ch a m p i o n was 1 5 m i n utes l ater for the adj o u r n m e n t sess i o n , e xp l a i n i ng t h i s by the l ate d i s­ covery of an u n p l easant poss i b i l i ty at Wh i te ' s d i sposa l . What was that poss i b i l i ty d i scussed i n the post­ mortem a n a l y s i s ? G rand master M a k a rychev suggests that Wh i te can sti l l h ope to fight for a w i n after 43 . R d 7 + Kg6 44. g4, whereupon the Wh ite K i n g 71

70

1 09

goes down to the seco nd ra n k and m a rches, v i a b3a4-b5-c6, to the base of the B l ack 's Pawn cha i n . Even though B l ack ca ptu res t h e Pawn o n f3 with chec k , h e i s far from secu re i n the resu l t i ng position. Ka rpov,

h owever,

re ma rked

during

the

post­

mortem that the adjou rned pos i t i o n wou ld be drawn anywa y . And sure l y Ka rpov s h o u l d k n o w ! 42 . . . .

Kh 7-g7

43. Rd8-a8

Kg7-f7

44 . Ke3-e4

Kf7-g7

45 . Ra8-a7+

Kg7-g6

46. R a7-e7

g5-g4 ( No. 7 1 )

The o n l y move, be l ieves Sergei Ma ka rych ev-after

46 .

. .

. Kh6 47. Re6 Kg7 48. R xf6 Kxf6 49. 94 Kg6

50. Kd3 Kf6 5 1 . Kc3 e4 52. fe Ke5 53. Kb3, the Wh ite d-Pawn and th e B l ack c-Pawn wou ld queen s i m u l ta n eo u s l y , but the resu l t i n g Queen a n d Pawn end i n g wou ld be e ither a d raw o r a wi n for Wh i te. Afte r the text- move,

the game wi l l

i n ev i ta b l y be

drawn , and the opponents accept th i s outcome. The score rema i n s eve n : +3-3= 1 1 .

GAME E I G H T E E N Oueen's Gambit Decl ined

G. Kaspa rov

A. Karpov

The match h a s now entered its dec i s i ve p h a se and a n y error of j udgement may p rove fata l . Th i s accou nts for the ex-Wo r l d Ch amp i on ' s c h o i ce of the c l assica l defence

in

a

popu l a r

l i n e of t h e Quee n ' s G a m b i t

Dec l i ned, i n d icat i n g that h e i s r e a d y t o to l e rate a

110

s l i gh t l y inferior position for a long t i m e rather than take a risk. The World Champion i s equ a l l y u nwi l l ing to take drast i c measu res, prefe r r i ng to have a sma l l edge but without the sl ightest r i s k of l os i n g the game. The Tartakower- M a kagon ov- Bonda revsky Varia­ tion, adopted i n t h e present encou nter, wa s q u i te often seen i n t h e Wor ld Champ ionsh i p matches of 1 984 and 1 985. Al l those games were drawn . Wi l l the p resent one b e a n exception?-Ed. e7-e6 1 . c2-c4 2. N b 1 -c3 d7-d 5 3 . d 2-d4 Bf8-e 7 A refi nement, attr i buted to Tigran Petrosyan , by wh ich B l ack restr icts Wh i te's options, e. g. deprivi ng him of the abi l ity to d e v e l op h i s K i ng's K n i ght to e2. 4. N g 1 -f3 NgS-f6 h7-h6 5. Bc 1 -g5 6. Bg5-h 4 The a l ternative i s 6 . B xf6, wh ich has a l so occu rred more than once in the prev ious encounters between Karpov and Kaspa rov . - Ed. 0- 0 6. . . . b7-b6 7 . e2-e3 Bc8-b7 S. Bf 1 -e2 9. Bh4xf6 Pa radox n u mber one: Wh ite l oses a tempo to trade his B ishop for t h e B lack K n ight. Actu a l l y , Wh i te's decision is qu ite log ica l , for B l ack has now shown h i s inten t i o n o f u n d e rm i n i ng the W h i te centre b y . . . c7c5 (a bid for greater freed o m ) ; he has a l so p l aced h i s B i shop on b7 , wh ere it wi l l be a target for t h e White pi eces. Wh i te's f u rther operat ions, i n it i ated by the exchange on f6, are a i m ed at e x p lo i t i ng th i s change i n the s i tuatio n . - Ed. 111

B e 7 x f6 9. . . . e6xd5 1 0 . c4xd 5 c7-c 5 1 1 . b2-b4 b6xc5 1 2. b4xc5 B b 7 -c6 1 3 . R a l -b l N b S-d 7 1 4 . 0-0 1 5 . B e2-b5 Paradox number two : Wh i te offers to excha nge h i s good B i shop f o r B l ac k 's bad o n e . Yet t h e i nconsi stency i s o n l y superfic i a l , beca use the idea beh i nd t h i s ma­ noeuvre is to e l i m i nate one of the d efenders of B l ac k ' s m a i n wea k n e ss- h i s Pawn on d 5 . - £d. Qd S-c7 1 5. . . . 1 6 . Qd l -d 3 R fS-cS ( No. 7 2 ) Karpov pond ered ove r h i s s i xteenth move for about f i fty m i nutes. I n stead of support i ng h i s centre Pawn (on d 5 ) with the Rook from the rear ( a s occurred i n the S t h game of t h e i r 1 9S5 matc h ) . he found a more i nterest i n g a p p l icat i o n for th i s heavy p i ece-p l ac i ng it on the f i l e that wo u l d i nevitably be opened. And so it h a ppened in a few moves. RaS-bS 1 7 . R f l -c l 72

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g7 -g6 1 8 . h 2- h 3 R b 8x b 1 1 9 . B b 5xc6 Oc7xc6 20. 0d3xb 1 Oc 6xc5 2 1 . d4xc5 Oc 5-f8 2 2 . Nc3-e2 23 . h 3 - h 4 Kasparov stu m b l es, th rowi ng away h i s w i n n i ng chances. At t h e press conference after the game the World C ham p i on e x p ressed the op i n i o n that 23. Nf4 wo u l d have reta i n e d h i s adva ntage . I ndeed , after 23 . . . . R xc 1 + 24. Oxc 1 Od 6 2 5 . Oc 8+, fo l l owed by 26 . Ob7 with a d o u b l e attack o n the B l ac k Pawn s "a" and "d", or 23. . . . N b 6 ( wh i c h seems more natura l ) 24. Rd 1 Oc 5 25. Ob3, i ncreas i n g the pressu re on the B l ack d· Pawn , B l ack obv i o u s l y h as the wo rst of i t . - Ed. 23. . . . Nd 7-e5 Bf6xe5 24 . Nf3xe5 . . . ( No. 73) 25. Rc 1 -d 1 At f i rst g l a nce it seems that t h e wea k n e ss of th e B l ack Pawn on d 5 a n d the poss i b i l ity of underm i n i ng B l ack 's K·side Pawn structure may g i ve W h i te a defi n i te advantage. However, Anato l y Ka rpov carries out a fa i r l y s i m p l e manoeuvre at th i s po i n t, forc i n g a drawa b l e Rook-and- Pawn end i ng , s a y s Se rgei Maka­ rychev. Qf8-c5 25. . . . Oc 5-c2 26. h4-h 5 Rc8xc2 27 . 0b 1 xc2 Rc2xe2 28. R d 1 x d 5 Re 2xa2 29 . R d 5 x e 5 f7xg6 30. h 5xg6 3 1 . R e 5-e 7 a7-a5 ( No. 74 ) Moves 2 6- 3 1 fo l l owed i n a rap id succession, and 1 13 8 - 1393

a Rook-and- Pawn e nd i ng h a s a r i sen a u tomatica l l y . Wh ite h a s a s l i ght edge because h i s R o o k on the seventh rank prevents t h e B l ack K i ng from co m i ng i nto p l a y . H owever, t h e q u ic k adva nce of t h e B l ack's a- Pawn has " t i ed u p " th e Wh ite R ook . At the same time, the B l ack Rook h as succeeded in tak i ng an active post. And wh en Kasparov f i nds a nar row path for h i s K i n g to go to the centre, Ka rpov sets up a depe n d a b l e barr i e r with some beautifu l moves by h i s Pawns. I t has t h u s become c l ea r that t h e force o f the attack is fu l l y co u nterba l a nced by that of the d efence. a 5-a4 32 . R e 7 -a7 h 6-h 5 33 . g 2-g3 34 . Kg 1 -g 2 a4-a3 35. e3-e4 g6-g5 Ed uard Gufeld be l i eves that B l ack's l ast move is the most precise method of d rawi ng. N ow, after 36 . Ra5 there wo u l d fo l l ow 36 . . . . g4 37. R x h 5 Re 2 38 . R a 5 a2, d rawi ng, because Wh i te cannot i m p rove h i s pos i t i o n : e. g . , 39. Kf 1 R b 2 , th reaten i n g . . . R b 1 +, and the B lack a- Pawn q ueens. g 5-g4+ 36 . Kg2-f3 75

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R a 2-a 1 37 . Kf3-e3 R a 1 -f 1 38 . Ke3-f4 Rf 1 xf2 39 . Kf4-g5 Rf2-e 2 ( No. 7 5) 40. Kg5xh 5 G a me d rawn . After 4 1 . Kg6 Kf8 4 2 . Kf6 Rf2+ White can m a k e no h eadwa y . T h e sco re is +3-3= 1 2.

GAME N I N ETE E N

Queen's Gambit Decl i ned G. Kasparov A. Karpov In the i nterv i ew for Span i sh te l ev i s i o n g i ve n right after the e i ghteenth game, Garri Kasparov, wh o seemed to be eager to foresta l l any i n te rpretat ion by jou rnal ists of the eve nts i n that game, sa i d that he had the adva ntage a l l a l ong, but cou ld not yet p i npoint th e moment whe n h e h ad l et it s l i p . The Wor l d Cham­ pion added that, wh atever i mpression they m ight have, h e had n ot been p l ay i ng for a d raw. In the present encou n ter, the Ta rtakower- Maka­ gonov- Bondarevsky Variation, wh ich has been exten­ sively a n a l yzed and repeated l y tested by both p l ayers, has aga i n made i ts appearance. Pos itions arising from th i s c l assica l ope n i ng are ofte n d rawi sh, though a draw is far from easy for B l ack to reach . So caution ru les supreme ! d7-d 5 1 . Ng 1 -f3 Ng8-f6 2. d2-d4 e7-e6 3. c2-c4 Bf8-e 7 4. N b 1 -c3 1 15 8'

5. Bc l -g 5 0- 0 6. e2-e3 h 7 -h 6 b7-b6 7 . Bg5-h4 Bc8-b7 8 . Bf l -e2 B e 7 xf6 9 . B h 4xf6 e6x d 5 1 0 . c4xd 5 N b 8 -d7 1 1 . 0-0 c7-c5 1 2 . b2-b4 b6xc5 ( No. 76) 1 3 . b4xc5 The d i agram med POS i t i o n is we l l k n own to both p l aye rs- i n d eed, it occu rred in the p re v i o u s game. Th e on l y d i fference is t h at it i s n ow Karpov wh o has the Wh ite p i eces. In order to avo id further repet i t i o n , the ex-World Ch a m p ion comes up with a t h eoretica l i n novat i o n : h e a ttac k s t h e B l ack B i sh o p with h i s Queen rather than t h e R o o k . Serge i M a k a rychev, j u st l y r e m a r k s , h oweve r, that Wh ite's fou rteenth move, though never menti oned by textboo ks, can o n l y forma l l y be regarded as a nove lty. St i l l , W h i te g a i ns an edge, as h e shou l d . c5xd4 1 4 . Qd l -b3 Force d . Otherwise, B l ack wo u ld be u na b l e to 77

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defend h i s Pawns on c5 and d 5 . 1 5 . Nf3xd4 Bf6xd4 E d u a rd G u fe l d i s asto n i sh ed that Kaspa rov has given u p h i s B i sh op-pa i r so eas i ly, suggest i ng 1 5 . . . . Nc5 a s lead i ng to a n " i ncred i b l y comp l icated struggl e , as i s so dear to Kasparov's h eart" . I t i s hard t o agree with t h i s assessm ent, because after 1 6 . Qb4 B l ack's i n suff i c i e n t l y protected p ieces wo u l d g i ve Wh i te a c l ear edge; for examp l e , 1 6 . . . . Rc8 1 7 . Bg4, or 1 6 . . . . Be7 1 7 . Nf5 Rc8 1 8 . Rc l , o r 1 6 . . . . Qb6 1 7 . Qa3, th reaten i n g 1 8 . R b l . Nd7-b6 1 6 . e3xd4 The Wo r ld Ch a m p i o n finds a n i nterest i n g p l a n of defence: h a v i n g l i q u idated the central tension , he now uses h i s Kn i ght to mask the fi l e contro l led by the Wh i te Quee n , t h u s parry i n g Wh i te ' s i mmed i ate threat. 1 7 . a 2-a4 The Wh i te QR Pawn advances to show that B l ack's minor p i eces are rath er awkwa rd l y p l aced on the b-f i l e . 1 7. .. . Ra8-b8 N b 6-c4 ( No. 77) 1 8 . a4-a 5 At t h i s c r i t i c a l moment, Kasparov takes a n i n ge n i ou s dec i s i o n : by t h e beautifu l m o v e of h i s Kn ight h e offers h i s centre Pawn , the accepta nce of wh i c h opens the long d i ago n a l for h i s B i sh o p . After 1 8 . . . . N a 8 , Wh ite c o u l d atte m pt t o press h i s s ma l l yet endu r i n g adva ntage in va r i ou s ways, poi nts out Se rgei Makarychev. d 5 xc4 1 9 . B e 2xc4 Qd 8-d 6 20. Qb3xc4 The Wo r l d C h a m p i o n took 25 m i n u te s to p l ay th i s move. Accord i ng to G r a n d ma ster M a ka rychev, 1 17

in the event of 20 . . . . Qg 5 2 1 . d 5 Rfc8 2 2 . Qd 4, Wh ite's central pos i t i o n wo u ld be q u ite strong. As it i s, B l ack has a d o u b l e th reat of 21 . . . . Ba6 a nd 21 . . . . Rfc8, fo l l owed by 2 2 . . . . Qc 6 w i th a n attack o n both g2 a nd c3. Grandmaster G ufeld adds that the seq u e l 2 1 . a 6 R bc8 22. Qd 3 B xa6 23. R x a6 R xc3 ca nnot give Wh i te more than e q u a l ity a nd suggests that 2 1 . R fc 1 wou l d l ead to a d i ff icu l t pos i t i o n for B l ack . 2 1 . Qc4-c 5 Se n s i ng t h at B l ack ' s midd l egame i n i t i ative m a y become q u ite d a ngerous, Karpov offers to trade Quee ns, thereby steer i ng the game i nto a n e nd ing, wh ere he hopes to e x p l o i t h i s extra Pawn . Th i s mate r i a l adva ntage, h owever, i s p u re l y sym bo l ic, because the B l ack B i s h op is evidently stro nger here than the Wh ite K n ight. 21 . ... Qd6xc5 R b 8-c8 22 . d 4xc5 Bb7-a8 23. a 5-a6 Rc8xc5 24 . Nc3-b5 25. Nb5xa7 Ba8-e4 ( No. 78) An except iona l l y f i n e ma noeuvre and, perh aps, 78

1 18

the o n l y sav i n g possi bi l ity , po i nts out E d u a rd G ufeld : the obvious 25 . . . . Bx g2 wo u ld give Wh i te, after the forced 26. Kxg2 R a S 27 . Rfb 1 R xa 7 2S. R b 7 RaS 29 . a 7 RccS 30. R a b 1 Rf S (Wh ite th reatens RbS, R xcS, a n d RbS, etc . ) 3 1 . Rc7 , t h e decisive adva ntage . I n Serge i M a ka rychev's o p i n i o n , 26. Rfc 1 R xc 1 27 . R xc 1 ( t h reaten i ng 2 S . R c S ) 2 7 . . . . B h 3 2S. Nb5 RaS 29 . R a 1 wou ld a l so be q u ite stro ng, but he fai l s to po i nt out t h e defensive a l ternative 2 6 . . . . Rg5, the consequences of wh ich a re not so c l ea r . M a k a rychev a l so suggests a very c u r i ou s a l ternative 25 . . . . RbS 26 . Rfb 1 ( B l ack th reate ns . . . Rc7) 26 . . . . R xb 1 27 . R xb 1 R a 5 2 S . h 4 R x a 6 2 9 . RbS+ K h 7 30. RxaS, and a lt h o u g h Wh ite i s a p i ece a head , h e can not wi n in th i s pos i t i o n , becau se the march of the Wh i te K i ng to the Q-side wou ld resu l t i n the l oss by Wh ite of a l l h i s Pawn s o n t h e other wi ng. 26. f2-f3 RfS-a S 27 . f3xe4 RaSxa7 Rc 5-c6 2S. R a 1 -a4 KgS-fS 29 . R f 1 -a 1 KfS-e 7 30. Kg 1 -f 2 Ke7-e6 3 1 . Kf2-e3 B l ack has succeeded in erect i ng a k i nd of fortress wh ich can h a rd l y be d estroyed if a l l fo u r Rooks are kept on the boa r d . Agre e i n g wi th the above assess­ ment, for m e r Wo r l d C h a m p i o n Va s i l i Smyslov, however, remar ked that h e wo u l d not m i nd having the Wh ite pieces i n this pos i t i o n "for o n e eve n i ng o n l y " , t h u s suggest i n g that B l ac k ' s defe n s ive task wa s by no means easy. Th e famous e ndgame expert G randmaster Y u r i Averba k h a l so b e l ieves that a d raw i s a logical outcome in th i s pos i t i o n . Rc6-d 6 32 . R a4-a 5 119

Rd 6-c6 33. R a 1 -a2 Rc6-d6 34 . h2-h4 Rd6-b6 35 . Ke3-f4 36 . R a 2-a3 See i n g that he cannot make any h eadwa y , Anato l y Karpov n o w decides t o p l ay a s e r i e s of u ncomm i tt i ng moves to adj o u r n the game a n d to l oo k for some h i dden poss i b i l ity at l e i s u re d u r i n g t h e adj o u r n me n t a n a l y s i s. Th i s meth od , h owever, h as the s i g n i f icant d i sadvantage that h i s r i v a l i s granted the same oppor­ tu n i ty of c l ose l y i n vest i gat i ng the adj o u rned pos i ­ t i o n . - Ed. R b 6-c6 36. . . . Ke 6-f6 37 . R a 5-e5+ Kf6-e 6 38. R e 5-f5+ Rc6-b6 39. Rf5-a5 Ke 6-f6 ( No_ 79) 40. R a 5-e5+ Here the game wa s adjou rned, a n d the ex-Wo r l d Cham p i o n sea l ed h i s 4 1 s t move . M o st comme ntato r s be l ieved t h a t a d raw wa s i n e v i ta b l e , s o m e ( a mo n g th em G ra n d master M a k a rychev) t h o u g h t that by attac k i n g and captu r i n g B l ac k ' s Pawn o n g7 Wh ite 80

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may hope to get wi n n i n g chances. Kf6-e6 4 1 . R e 5-a 5 R b 6-c6 42. R a3-a 1 Ke 6-f6 43 . R a 5-e5+ Kf6-e6 44 . R e 5-f5+ Ke6-f6 45. R f5-e5+ Kf6-e6 46 . R e 5-a 5 Rc6-b6 47 . R a 1 -a 2 48 . g2-g4 Upon resu m pt i o n of p l ay Ka rpov f i rst makes severa l n on-co m m i tta l moves, a s i f he wi shed to l u l l h i s oppo nent's v i g i l a nce. Then h e starts carry i ng out th e plan fou nd by h i s team in the i n te rva l . - Ed. f7-f6 48. . . . R b 6-c6 49 . h 4-h 5 Rc6xa6 50. R a 2-b2 R a 6xb6 5 1 . R b2-b6+ R b 6-b 1 52 . R a 5xa7 R b 1 -f 1 + 53. R a 7 x g 7 R f 1 -e 1 + 54. Kf4-e3 Re 1 -f 1 + 5 5 . Ke3-f3 56. Kf3-e 2 Rf 1 -f4 57 . Ke2-e3 Ke 6-e 5 Ke5-d6 58. R g7-e7+ 59 . R e 7 - h 7 Kd6-e5 Ke 5-d6 60. R h 7-e7+ Kd6xe6 6 1 . Re7-e6+ 62. Ke3xf4 Ke6-e7 ( No. 80) Ga me d rawn . To 63. Kf5 B l ack wi l l a n swe r 63 . . . . Kf7 gett i n g t h e oppos i t i o n , a nd 63. e 5 wo u l d be fo l l owed by 63. . . . Ke6 with the same idea. The World C h a m p i o n p l ayed very r a p i d l y in the adjou rn­ me nt sessi o n , and it wa s o b v i o u s t h at the d i agrammed pos i t i o n was fam i l i a r to h i m from h i s adj o u r n ment 1 21

analysis. After the game Kaspa rov rema rked , i n reference t o t h e variation actua l ly p l ayed i n the adjou rnment session : "I considered the excha nge of al l the Pawn s on the K- side as t h e most dangerou s p l a n at White's d i sposal. I n that case, B l ack wou l d have t o t i m e h i s moves v e ry exact l y to d raw, whereas in other l i nes i t wo u ld be s i mp ler to atta i n th i s object. Karpov, on the other hand, thought i t un­ necessa ry for B l ack to move his f-Pawn . H e re we differed . . . The score is now +3-3= 1 3 . "

G A M E TWENTY

Queen 's Gambit Dec l i ned A. Ka rpov

G. Kasparov

In the prev ious two ga mes, the Ta rtakower- Ma ka­ gonov- Bondarevsky Variation o nce a ga i n proved its refractor i ness, Wh ite b e i n g u n a b l e to make any effec­ tua l use of B l ack's on l y wea k n e ss, h i s i so l ated centre Pawn . After the i n i t i a l moves of the p resent en­ counter, everyone ex pected the d i sp u te over the Variation to be co n t i n u e d . On his fifth move, how­ ever, Garri Kasparov sudd e n ly varies and thus avoids the " refractory" ope n i ng . - Ed. I n the twe n t i eth game of the matc h , the Wo rld Ch a m p i o n has t h e i n i tiative a l most t i l l the end , and only Karpov's very prec i se d efensive p lay e n a b l es h i m to save the d a y . e7-e6 1 . c2-c4 1 22

2. N b l -c3 d 7 -d 5 Bf8-e7 3. d2-d4 Ng8-f6 4. N g l -f3 5. Qd l -c2 Th i s rare side l i n e, advocated by Veres l av E i ngorn, may we l l become fash i o n a b le n ow. As Grandmaster M aka rychev p o i n ted out, W h i te s h o u l d execute h i s p l a n i n exact ly th i s o rder, beca u se 5 . B g 5 may be fo l l owed by 5 . . . . h 6 . 5. . . . 0-0 c7-c5 6. Bc l -g 5 One o f t h e many a n swers B l ack has at h i s d i sposa l , 6. . . . N a 6 b e i n g a good a l ternative. Accord i ng t o Se rge i M aka rychev, the text-move i s the ma i n con­ t i n u a t i o n in th i s l i ne , wh i l e after 6 . . . . h 6 B l ack has to reckon with 7. B x f6 B x f6 8 . e4, g iv i ng Wh ite an active game. 7 . d4xc5 d 5xc4 8 . e2-e4 Qd 8-a5 N f6-d 5 9. e4-e 5 . . . ( No. 8 1 ) 1 0 . Bf l xc4 Strange l y enough , t h i s o b v i o u s recapture is a 81

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theoretica l i n novat i o n , wr i tes Se rge i M a k a rychev. The seq u e l 1 0 . Bxe7 Nxe7 only l eads to equa l ity, as a l l the h a ndbooks stat e . Nd 5xc3 1 0. . . . 1 1 . 0-0 Th is e l egant move revea l s Kasparov's i d e a . The piece sacr i f ice i s, of course , o n ly sha m : after 1 1 . . . . N d 5 t h e re wo u l d fo l l ow 1 2 . B x d 5 B x g 5 1 3 . N x g 5, and B l ack wo u ld have no t i m e to recapture the Wh i te B i shop on d5 because of t h e th reat of mate on h 7 , po i nts o u t E d u a rd G u fe l d . Qa 5xc5 1 1 . ... N b 8-c6 1 2 . Qc2xc3 Qc 5xe7 1 3 . Bg5xe7 1 4 . a 2-a3 An i nterest i n g , yet d i sputa b l e plan, th i n ks Serge i M a k a rychev. M a n y experts a re of t h e o p i n i o n that doub l i n g the R oo ks on the d·fi l e ( R d l -d 6 a n d Rd l ) wo u l d offer Wh i te better prospects 1 4. . . . Bc8-d7 RfB-d8 1 5 . R a l -c l a7-a6 1 6 . b 2-b4 A moot po int. Accord i ng to Ma karychev, the text­ move is too s l ow, B l ac k s h o u l d h ave p l ayed the vigorous 1 6 . . . . b 5 i n stead . Now B l ac k may answe r 1 7 . B x b 5 with 1 7 . . . . N x b 4 1 8 . B x d 7 N d 5 . Sh o u l d the Wh ite B i sh op retreat, h owe ver, B l ack h a s the strong fo l l ow-up . . . a7-a5 and, after a Q-s i d e u n l oad i ng , B l ac k wo u l d h ave no prob l e m s . Bd7-e8 1 7 . Qc3-e3 1 8 . Bc4-d 3 . . . ( N o. 82 ) After the Wh ite Pawn advanced to t h e f i fth ran k , it became c l e a r that B l ack s h o u ld see k some defence aga i n st the m o u n t i n g assa u l t of the W h i te pi eces, 1 24

wh i c h were th reate n i n g the cast l ed pos i t i o n of the B l ack K i n g . Hav i n g excha nged a few m i n or pi eces, th e ex-Wo r l d Ch a m p i o n has succeeded in repu l si n g Wh ite's f i rst o n s l a ught, but then Wh i te has created a new th reat: h e i ntends to penetrate to the wea kened O-s i d e in t h e B l ac k camp. In order to i nc rease h i s advantage, G a r r i Kasparov sta rted a O- s i d e offensive with h i s Pawn s a n d , wh i l e B l ack wa s engaged i n repu l s i n g that th reat, t h e Wo r l d C h a m p i o n brought his B ishop to an active post and prepared for a d i rect attack aga i nst the B l ack K i ng's cast l e . Nc6-a7 1 8. ... 1 9 . Bd3-b l Be8-c6 h7-h6 20. N f3-g5 2 1 . N g 5-e4 Accord i ng to M a k a rychev, Wh i te wo u l d not be able to atta i n h i s object by 2 1 . N h 7 , in v i ew of 21 . . . . Oh 4. Na7-b5 2 1 . .. . 2 2 . R c l -c4 Wh ite th reate ned 22. Nf6+ gf 23. Ox h 6 f5 24. Rc3, wi n n i n g outright. Th i s forces B l ac k , after Wh ite renews his th reat with the twe nty-seco nd move, to exc h a nge at e4, n otes Se rge i M a k a rychev. 22. . . . Bc6xe4 R a 8-c8 23. B b l xe4 Rd 8xc8 24 . Rc4xc8 Rc8xc l + 2 5 . R f l -c l 26. 0e3xc l Oe 7-d 7 b 7 -b6 27 . g2-g3 Od 7-d8 2 8 . Kg l -g2 B l ac k 's last move was c r i t i c i zed by comme ntators as very pass ive, 28 . . . . g 5 be i ng recomme nded i nstead to ensure counter- p l a y i nvo l v i ng Od 4, wh ich wo u l d 1 25

suffice for equal ity. After t h e text-move Wh ite ga i n s th e advantage. 29 . h 2- h 4 a 6-a 5 30. b4x a 5 b6xa5 3 1 . Qc 1 -c5 N b 5-d4 32. h 4-h 5 f7-f5 ( N o. 83 ) I n t h e d i agrammed po s i t i o n , 3 3 . ef seems i m perative, and B l ack may f i nd i t h ard to d efend h i mself. After 33 . . . . gf ( 33 . . . . Qxf6 l oses a Pawn : 34 . Qxa 5 ) B l ack 's ex posed K i n g and h i s somewh at loose Pawn structure e n a b l es N h i te to l ook for wi n n i ng cha nces both with the Queens on the board and in a B i shop-and-Pawn vs Kn i ght-a nd-Pawn end i ng a r i s i ng, e. g . , from the l i ne 33. ef gf 34. Qa7 f5 3 5 . Qa 8, t h o u g h the outcome i s not yet c l e a r. Ka sparov chose a d i fferent move, and he came to regret it, as h e later to l d jou rna l i sts. Ka rpov, h owever, was o f t h e op i n ion t h a t after 33 . . . . g f B l ack wo u ld have had good counter- p l a y . On l y the future wi l l te l l wh o wa s right. When it seemed th a t Wh i te wo u l d cont i n ue accu­ mu l at i n g sma l l advantages u n h ampered , Ka rpov bo l d l y 84

83

1 26

pushed forwa rd h i s f- Pawn , thus red u c i ng the pressure exerted by the Wh i te p ieces, and a few moves l ater he a l so succeeded in considerably act ivat ing h i s Queen . The d raw by t h e perpetu a l , wh ich Wh i te had to take, is the logica l outcome of the strugg l e . 33 . Be4-b7 Kg8-f7 34 . Kg2-h 2 At th i s moment, ind icates Serge i M a k a rychev, the ex-World Cha mpion wa s rather short of t i m e , wh ich motivated Kaspa rov's strange choice of move: th i s is, of cou rse, a we l l- k nown tactica l device , but it a l so hands over the i n itiati ve to B lack . The W h i te K i ng is awkwardly placed on h 2 , where it offe rs B l ack the tactical threat of ... Qxe 5 and Nf3+, wi n n i ng a Pawn . B l ack can now d raw without d iff icu l ty , Wh ite, how­ ever, had a very strong a l ternative at h i s d i sposa l , name l y, 34 . f4 and B l ack's t a s k wo u l d be extreme l y d i fficu l t. Qd 8-b8 34 . . . . Qb8xb7 35. Qc5xd4 Qb7-f3 36 . g3-g4 Kf7-f8 ( No. 84) 37 . Qd4-d 7 + Game drawn . The score rema i n s eve n : +3-3= 1 4 .

G A M E TW E N TY-O N E

G ruenfeld Defence A. Karpov

G . Kaspa rov

"Who, if not the parti c i pa nts of a top-level match, ca n be expected to contri bu te most of a l l to the deve l op m e n t of the art of chess?" asks Garri Kaspa1 27

rov i n h i s recent book Two Ma tches. The contr i bu­ tion of these two g reat masters to chess theory is i ndeed enormous. Th i s i s espec i a l l y true of the theory of ope n i ngs, the Gruenfeld Defence beco m i ng the arena of a l o n g a n d h eated d i spute, in wh ich the Grand masters' argume nts h ave taken t h e form of many ingen i u o s ref i nements and i m p rovements.-Ed. 1 . d2-d 4 Ng S-f6 g7-g6 2. c2-c4 d 7 -d 5 3. N b 1 -c3 BfS-g7 4 . N g 1 -f3 5. 0d 1 - b3 Th i s move, i n troduced i nto master p l a y by the Sov iet Grandmaster Vyach eslav R agoz i n , clearly i n d i cates the ex-Wo r l d Champ i o n 's f i g h t i ng mood. d 5xc4 5. . . . 6. Ob3xc4 0-0 N b S-a6 7 . e2-e4 The idea beh i n d th i s manoeuvre, R agoz i n 's i nven­ tion and Kasparov's great favo u r i te, is to u n d e r m i n e W h i t e ' s strong centre with c 7 - c 5 l ead i ng to a sharp, comp l icated game. The other good a l ternat i ves are 7 . . . . Bg4 ( Smyslov's V a r i a t i o n ) , 7 . . . . c 6 ( B o l es l avsk y 's Variati o n ) , 7 . . . . a6 ( t h e H u ng a r i a n Var i at i on ) . and 7 . . . . Nc6, wh i c h wa s popu l a r in the seve nties. c7-c5 S. Bf 1 -e2 e 7 -e6 9. d4-d 5 e6xd5 1 0 . 0-0 1 1 . e4xd 5 BcS-f5 R f 8-eS 1 2 . R f 1 -d 1 h7-h6 1 3 . d 5-d6 1 4 . Bc 1 -f4 . . ( No_ 85) The f i rst th i rteen moves in the present encounter are exact l y the same as in Game F i ftee n , but on h i s .

1 28

fourteenth move Karpov varies. Th e ex-Wo r l d Ch am­ p i o n , h owever, fa i l s to ga i n the advantage. Kasparov harmon i o u s l y regroups the B l ac k p i eces and, by Wh ite's n i neteenth move, succeeds in completely equa l i z i n g t h e game. Nf6-d 7 1 4. . . . A m u l t i p u rpose move, notes E d u a rd G ufe l d, by wh i c h B lack has r e l i a b l y b l ocked Wh i te ' s d - Pawn . Th e seq u e l 1 4 . . . . g5 1 5. Bg3 Ne4 1 6 . d7 Re7 1 7 . Nxe 4 B x e4 1 8 . B d 6 R x d 7 1 9 . Qxe4 R xd 6 20 . Qxb7 Nc7 wo u l d have led to a pos i t i o n wh ich i s q u i te hard to assess. Na6-b4 1 5 . R d l -d 2 1 6 . Qc4-b3 Wh ite's pos i t i o n now looks attractive; for i n sta nce , after 1 6 . . . . a6 he may se i ze t h e i n i t i at i ve at once by 1 7 . a3 Nc6 1 8 . N d 5 ( but not 1 8 . Qx b7 N a 5 1 9. Qd 5 Be6, wi th r i c h cou nterp l ay ) . After long med i tation Kasparov f i nd s a f i ne rej o i nd e r , forc i ng Wh i te e i th e r t o withd raw h i s Qu ee n to d 1 , wh ere i t prevents i t s own Rook f r o m co m i ng i nto p l a y , o r t o exchange the l i ght-squa red B i shops, thus we ak e n i ng the l i ght sq u a res i n the Wh i te camp . 86

85

1 29 9- 1393

Bf 5-e6 1 6. .. . Nd7-b6 1 7 . B e 2-c4 Re8xe6 1 8 . Bc4xe6 1 9 . a2-a3 Karpov see ms to h ave ove r l ooked B l ac k 's rep l y . Othe rwise h e wo u l d proba b l y h a ve cont i n u ed 1 9. N b 5 with a very com p l icated pos i t i o n , i n w h i c h i t wo u l d n o t b e easy f o r B l ack t o f i nd a n active defence aga i n st the th reat of 20. Nc7: e. g., 1 9 . . . . Re4 20. Be3 Nc4 2 1 . Bxc5 Nxd2 22. N x d 2, and two Wh i te p i eces are en p r i s e . N o 4-d3 ( N o. 86) 1 9. . . . Th i s spectac u l a r i nvasion h as a s i m p l e tact ica l th reat to back it up: 20. R x d 3 c4, wi n n i ng the Exchange. Although t h e i n road of the B l ack K n i g h t t o d 3 has become, so to spe a k , Ka spa rov 's spec i a l ty, it i s i nterest i ng to n ote that none of t h e Grand­ ma sters present in the press room had been able to foresee the Wor l d Ch a m p i o n 's powe rfu l counter. So me c o m m e ntators suggest t h at Anato l y Karpov a l so fai l ed to foresee i t ( wh ich i s fa i r l y obv i o u s ) and report h av i ng seen a g r i m e x pression o n h i s face r i ght after th i s move. I n an i nterv iew l ate r, the ex­ Wor l d Champion i n fact co nfi rmed th i s suggestion by rema r k i n g that "the s e i z u re by the B l ack Kn ight of th i s v i ta l l y i m portant square ( d 3 ) gave Kasparov a c l ear advantage". c5-c4 20. Bf4-g3 Ra 8-c8 2 1 . Qb3-c2 Qd 8-d7 22. R a 1 -d 1 Th is pos i t i o n I S In some wa ys rem i n i scent of the cel ebrated s i xteenth game of the Moscow Match, 1 985, between t h ese r i va l s. In that game, Ka spa rov comp letely stra n g l ed the Wh i te p i eces, h e l d by Ka r1 30

pov, and scored a splend i d v icto ry . The move of. the B l ack Queen in the act u a l game h e re i s a i med not only at b l ockad i n g the White d · Pawn and free i ng the back ra n k for the poss i b l e ma noeuvre of the B l ack Rook , but a l so at k ee p i n g contro l of the i mportant sq uares a4 and b5, wh ere Wh ite may start h i s Q-side act i v i ty . - Ed. 23. h 2-h4 f7-f5 ( No. 87 ) K i nd n ess for k i ndness. Al l comme ntato rs agree that t h i s adva nce is premature, in sp i te of the fact that B l ack w i n s the Excha nge as a resu l t . I n deed, the B l ack K i ng's pos i t i o n i s now wea k e n ed and, sacr i f i c i ng th e Exchange, Wh i te ga i n s counterp l a y . Of cou rse, W h i te wou ld not a l low . . . f5-f4, wh ich wo u l d shut i n h i s B i shop, a l so resu l t i ng i n t h e l o ss o f h i s d - Pawn . On the ot h e r h a n d , B l ack s h o u l d h ave p l ayed the obv i o u s l y stro nger 23 . . . . Rc6, or 23 . . . . Rc5, i nstead of t h e text-move. He cou ld t he n surro u n d and wi n t h e Wh i te Pawn on d 6 , reta i n i ng good chances to score a fu l l po i nt . - Ed. 24 . R d 2 x d 3 c4xd3 2 5 . Qc2xd3 N b 6-c4 87

88

1 31 9*

I f t h i s had been an e a r l y game i n t h e match , a very strenuous f i g h t m i ght have d eve l oped in th i s position. At th i s stage, h owever, everyth i n g is d i fferent. Un­ wi l l i ng to take t h e l e ast poss i b l e r i s k the Wo r l d Ch am­ pion decides o n a q u iet l i ne lead i n g to t h e repet i tion of moves a nd a d raw. Nc4-b6 26. 0d3-d 5 N b 6-c4 27 . 0d 5-d3 2B . Od3-d5 Nc4-b6 ( No. 88) Ne ither of t h e co nte sta n ts can avoid t h e repeti ti on , fo r a n attempt to do so cou l d ge t h i m i nto troub l e . For exa m p l e , 2B . . . . N x b 2 29 . R e 1 R e B 30. R x e 6 Rxe6 ( not, of cou rse, 3 0 . . . . Ox e6, i n v i ew o f 3 1 . d7 ! ) 3 1 . N b 5 with da ngerous threats, o r e l se ( after B l ack 's 28th text ) 29. Ob3 Kh 7 ( pe r h aps even stronger wo u l d be 29 . . . . Of7 th reate n i n g ... R e 1 +, poi nts out Se rgei Makarychev; in response to 30. K h 2 B l ack wo u l d p l a y . . . f4) 30. N b 5 Rc5 3 1 . Nc7 R e 4 , a nd the B l ack Rooks are extre m e l y d a ngerous, suggests Eduard G ufeld . Th e game is d rawn . Th e score rema i n s even : +3-3= 1 5 .

G AM E TW E NTY-TWO

Ouee n's Gam bit Dec l i n ed

A . K a rpov

G . K asparov

"Wh e re h ave a l l th e fighte rs gone?" angry and bew i l d e red chess fans all over the world keep wonder­ ing. "Wh e re is th e f i e ry , sp i r i ted G a rry Kasparov, 1 32

wh o has a lways been preoccu p ied above a l l w ith th e a rtistic e l e m e nt of th e ga m e , w ith i ts beau ty ? And where is the ' m erc i l ess k i l l e r' A n ato l y K a rpov, who has , never see m ed conten t to ta k e a d raw i n a 'dead d rawn' ga m e ? Are we back aga i n to th e Petrosyan e ra ? " Alas! In th e Sev i l l e MatC h , th e scen a r i o of wh ich is so u n l i k e the p l ots of its two pred ecessors ( M oscow , 1 98 5 ; London - L e n i n grad , 1 986) , th e sport­ i n g e l e m e n t has p reva i l e d . There are, perhaps, too m any short d raws, crea t i ng th e ( m ay be fa lse) i m ­ p ress i o n t h a t the p layers are s i m p l y refu s i n g to f i gh t. W h e re is the prom ised " b l oodsh ed "? I t seems th at there w i l l be no fu rth er " b l ood - l e tt i n g " . Yet, th e participants o f the Sevi l l e M a tch a r e n o t t o b l am e . We sh o u l d n ot forget th at th is i s th e fou rth W o r l d C h a m p ionsh i p M atch i n t h e l ast th ree years. Previous­ I y , 24 gam es were suff i c i e nt to secu re th e wor l d t i t l e for th ree years. W h e n th e prese nt m atch i s ove r, th ese riva l s w i l l have play ed , to atta i n th e same obj ect, ex act l y one h u nd red and twenty games! H ow can a p l a y e r be p r i m a r i l y concerned about th e crea­ tive e l e m e nt u nder such c i rcu m sta nces? G od s them­ selves m ay tire. Garri Kasparov and A n ato l y K a rpov need no apo l ogy; y et, they m ay n eed o u r u nde rsta nd­ i ng . With th i s in m i n d , perhaps, th e read er w i l l be m ore sy m pathetic and to l e r a n t when h a v i n g to play th rough a sh ort, and apparently d u l l , d raw.-Ed. I n the tw enty -second encounter, both th e Cham­ p i o n and th e ex-Ch a m p i o n ri gorou s l y fo l l owed th e reco m m endations of theory . I t seem ed t h a t they d id not object to ta k i ng a qu ick d raw. Th is is q u ite u n d e rsta n d a b l e-they have on th ei r m i nds th e very d i fficu l t twe n ty-th i rd con test, wh ich w i l l l a rge l y dete r m i n e th e ch aracte r of the figh t i n th e l ast, 1 33

twe n ty -fou rth , g a m e a nd m ay even p rove d ecisive for the outcome of the w hole m atch . Under such c i rcum­ stances one shou ld be econom ical w i th one's rem a i n i ng energy . Tech n ica l l y , th e d raw was reached i n a very e l egant m anner. H a v i n g ch osen a popu l a r and thorough­ l y a nal yzed ope n i n g l i n e , neither G ra n d m aste r was aga i n st early exchanges. As a resu lt, th e re soon a rose a n endga m e pos i t i o n in wh ich th e i n itiative, th ou gh s l ight, was on Kaspa rov's s i d e . I t w as th en that the World Champion offered a d raw . 1 . c2-c4 e7-e6 2 . N b l -c3 d7-d5 3 . d2-d4 B f8-e7 N g8-f6 4. N g l -f3 5. Bc l -f4 A su rprise. Kasparov h as n ever before p l ay ed th us aga i n st K a rpov. The ex-W o r l d Ch am p i o n , on the oth e r hand , i s wel l -ve rsed i n a l l th e l atest "w r i n k les" of th is l i ne, i n wh ich h e successfu l l y d efended h i mself aga i n st Korch n o i i n th e i r world title m atches and o n wh ich h e w rote a n a r t i c l e i n th e Y u goslav Encyclope­ dia of Chess Openings. Th e tex t-m ove, h oweve r, conta i n s a fa i r d ose of venom , poi nts o u t j a n T i m m a n . 5. . .. 0-0 6 . e2-e3 c7-c5 B e7xc5 7 . d4xc5 8 . R a l -c l Accord ing to Serge i M a k arychev, only 8 . Qc2 N c6 9 . R d l Qa 5 1 0. a3 B e7 is consid e red to be the p r i nc ipa l l i n e i n th i s va r i a ti o n . I n te resti n g l y , the resu l t i n g position m ay also arise from th e N i m zo­ I nd i a n , wh ich enh ances i ts th eoretical i m portance. Wh ite's m a i n conti n u at i o n s now are 1 1 . Nd2 or 1 1 . R d 2 . Afte r th e m ove i n the actu a l game, w h ich 1 34

h as so fa r been regard ed as rath e r l istless, th e Yugo· slav Encyclopedia gives 8 . . . . dc 9 . Qxd8 R xd 8 1 0 . B x c 4 a6 1 1 . 0-0 b5 1 2 . B b3 N bd7 1 3 . N e5 B b 7 ( R ee - E n k laar, 1 974) , with eq u a l i ty . B u t what if Kasparov's tea m has fou n d an i m provem e nt for W h i te i n the "theoretica l l y d rawn" e n d i ng resu lting from th is reco m m endation? K a rpov, acco rd i n g l y , ponde red ove r t h e p o s i t i o n for 3 5 m i n u tes a n d f o u n d w h a t is perhaps a bette r d efensive m ethod . N b8-c6 8. ... 9 . c4xd5 e6xd5 1 0. Bf l -e2 . . . . ( N o . 89) An atte mpt to win a Paw n would be u nsuccessfu l : 1 0. N x d 5 N xd 5 1 1 . R x c5 N x f4 1 2 . Qxd8 N x g2+. -Ed. 1 0. . . . d 5-d4 I n th is way B l ack fu l l y eq u a l i z es th e game . Wh ite now has to s i m p l i fy , becau se after 1 1 . N a4 or 1 1 . N b 5 there wou ld fo l l ow 1 1 . . . , B b4+, wh ich is h a rd l y welcome. 1 1 . e3xd4 N c6xd4 1 2 . N f3xd4 Qd8xd4 1 3 . Qd l xd4 Bc5xd4 89

90

1 35

1 4. N c3-b5 Bd4-b6 1 5 . 0-0 Wh ite cou ld now ga i n th e " advantage of two B ishops" after 1 5 . Nc7 Bxc7 1 6 . Bxc7 ( n ot, of cou rse , 1 6 . R xc7 in v iew of 1 6 . . . . N d 5) . H owever, afte r 16 . . . . Re8 B lack has a n exce l l e n t game, h i s p i eces be i n g wel l co-ord i n ate d .-Ed. 1 5. . . . Bc8-e6 It only took th e World Ch a m p io n six m i n utes to reach th is positi o n , w hereas h is oppon e n t spe n t f i fty . What can one say about th e situation on the board ? I t is so s i m p l e th at many of those p rese n t a t th e game were we l l aware of the i m m inence of a d raw, com­ me nts G randmaste r G u fe l d . R f8-d 8 1 6 . a2-a3 H av i n g ga ined a tem po b y attac k i n g th e W h i te a-Pawn , B lack shows th at h is opponen t's fu rth e r atte m pts a re fa i r l y futi l e . -Ed. 1 7 . N b5-d6 R d8-d7 1 8 . Be2-b5 Rd7-e7 1 9 . R f l -e l (No. gO) K asparov here offe red a d raw, w h ich was accepted . The score of th e m atch is +3-3= 1 6 .

GAME TW E NTY-T H R E E

G ruenfe ld Defence

A. K a rpov

G. K asparov

Everyon e understood th at th is gam e , in wh ich Anatoly K a rpov h ad th e W h ite pieces fo r th e last 1 36

t i m e , was th e ex-World Ch a m p ion's best practical c h ance to rega i n th e world titl e . And everyone wondered h ow K a rpov wou ld go about t h e a rd uous task of w i n n i n g . Th e e x -World Ch am p i o n was n ot i n a h u rry to l a u nch an attack ; he was above a l l concerned with th e prob l e m of h ow to bu i l d a strong Pawn centre wh ich , accord i ng to th e ex isti n g crite ri a of chess th eory, i s good for th e p ieces of its possessor. Th is restra i ned strategy cou ld not, h owever, i m pede B l ack's deve l op m e nt se r i o u sl y . Th e World Cham­ p i o n p l aced h is p ieces q u ite com fortab l y and , using h is B is h ops as batte r i n g ram s, started str i k i n g at th e W h i te Pawn cen tre . c7-c5 1 . c2-c4 N g8-f6 2. N g l -f3 d 7-d5 3. N b l -c3 N f6xd5 4 . c4xd 5 N d 5xc3 5 . d2 -d4 g7 -g6 6. b2xc3 7 . e2-e3 T h i s i n n oce nt- l o o k i n g, yet fa i r l y venomous, system of d e p l o y m e nt, ch a m p i o ned by Pau l K eres, s i g n ifies that Wh ite w ishes to postpone h is activ ities t i l l later, and proceed u nder th e m otto " s l ow but stead y " . -Ed. B f8-g7 7. ... 8 . Bf l -d3 T h e a l ternatives 8 . Bc4 and 8 . B b 5+ h ave been m ore popu l a r than th e tex t- m ove, but the fash ion i s n ow l i k e l y to change.-Ed. 8. ... 0-0 Qd 8-c7 9 . 0-0 b7-b6 1 0 . R a l -b l 1 37

Quot i n g G ran dm aste r Serge i D o l m atov, one o f Kasparov's seconds i n Sev i l l e, Edu ard G u fe ld referred to th is m ove as "a fru it of the analytical work performed i n th e World Ch a m p ion's l ab oratory d u r i n g t h e pre-m atch period" . R f8-d 8 1 1 . Qd l -e2 T h e response 1 1 . . . . N c6 l o o k s m ore n atu ra l tha n the m ove i n the g a m e , bu t Kasparov is y et u nw i l l i n g t o reve a l h is p l a n s_-Ed. 1 2 . Bd3-e4 . . . ( N o_ 9 1 ) Bc8-a6 1 2. ... B l ow for b l ow . 1 2 . . . . Nc6 w o u l d fa i l to 1 3 . d5 f5 ( oth e rwise, d 5-d6 wou ld f o l l ow) 1 4 . d c fe 1 5 . Qc4+, g i v i n g Wh i te a d a n gerous i n itiative. Th ose present i n th e press room , i n the m a i n , con s i d e red the l i ne 1 2 . . . . B b 7 1 3 . Bx b7 Qx b7 1 4 . dc Qc6 ( a fte r 1 4 . . . . B xc3 th e ga m e wou ld b e m o re com p l icated : e . g . 1 5 . Qc4 Bg7 1 6 . B b2 w ith a sm a l l but clear edge) 1 5 . cb ab 1 6 . Nd4 Qxc3 1 7 . R x b6 Bxd4 1 8 . ed Qxd 4 w i th o n l y a s l i g h t advantage for W h i te , accord ­ i ng to Edu ard G u fe l d . N b8-c6 1 3 . c3-c4 91

92

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f7 -f5 1 4 . d 4-d 5 Afte r 1 4 . . . . N b4 ( t h reate n i n g 1 5 . . . . N x d 5 ) W h i te cou ld conti n u e 1 5 . R d l R ac8 ( n ot of cou rse 1 5 . . . . f5 , i n v iew o f 1 6 . d 6 ) 1 6 . a 3 f5 1 7 . a b f e 1 8 . Ng5 w i th the better gam e, po i n ts o u t Se rge i M a k a rychev. 1 5 . Be4-d3 e7-e5 All of a sudde n , th e h e retofore q u iet game h as com plete l y changed i ts characte r : the W h ite cen tre Pawns have attacked the B l ac k p ieces, but K asparov does not w i t h d raw th e enda ngered B lack K n ight. I nstead he makes tw o spectacu l a r m oves w ith h is Pawns, th u s a l m ost equal i z i n g th e gam e . N c6-d4 1 6 . e3-e4 1 7 . N f3xd4 c5xd4 R d8-f8 1 8 . Bc l -g5 R a8-c8 1 9 . R f l -c l To B l ack's d u b i o u s f5-f4 , w ith th e idea of cut­ ting off W h ite's B i sh o p from th e m a i n fo rces, Wh ite can strongly a n swer 20 . c5 B xd3 2 1 . Qxd3 bc 2 2 . Qc4 , and th e B ishop wou l d effect i v e l y su pport th e adva nce o f t h e Wh ite d - Paw n . A s i t i s , th e B ishop h as to retreat. -Ed. R f8 -f7 2 0 . Bg5-d2 2 1 . a2-a4 . . . ( N o_ 92) 21 . ... f5xe4 B l ack eases off th e cen tra l ten s i o n to open the f-f i l e , along w h ich he i n tends to cou nte rp lay . 2 1 . . . . Bf8 i s bad , because o f 22 . e f gf 23 . B xf5 R xf5 24 . Qg4+. - Ed_ R c8-f8 22 . Qe2xe4 B a6-c8 23 . f2-f3 24. a4-a5 Acco rd i n g to Edu ard G u fe l d , Wh ite shou ld here h ave pl ayed the sharp 24 . d6 Qxd6 25 . B b4 Qf6 1 39

26 . B x fS B x fS and , i n sp ite of h is two strong B i s h ­ ops, B l ack is h a rd l y to be envied . I n th e even t o f 24 . . . . Od 7 , t h e tex t-m ove wou ld p rove m ore fo rcefu l . BcS-f5 24. '" 2 5 . 0e4-e2 R fS-eS 2 6 . Bd 3-e4 Bg7-fS I m ped i ng the poss i b l e ad vance of th e d a ngerous Wh ite Pawns and also tran sfe r r i n g th e B i sh op to a m ore prom i s i n g post. -Ed. 2 7 . 0e2-d3 B fS-c5 2S. R b 1 -a 1 Oc7 -d7 To play 2 S m oves, W h ite h as ta ken 2 h o u rs and 2 m i n u tes, B l ack-one h ou r and f i fty-th re e m i n utes . B e i n g pressed for ti m e , both p layers try to avoid ta k i n g any com m itti n g decisions, prefe r r i n g to go on w ith posi t i o n a l m an oeuv r i n g . -Ed. Od 7-cS 29 . R c 1 -e 1 R f7 -c7 30. K g 1 -h 1 K gS-g7 3 1 . R a l -b 1 . , ( N o. 93 ) 32 . R e 1 -c 1 Bf5xe4 32. . . . .

93

94

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A second , and th i s t i m e successfu l , attempt to s e i z e possess i o n of the f-fi l e . -Ed. 33 . f3xe4 The captu re by th e Queen would make th e s i tu a­ tion very s h a rp i ndeed : 33 . Qxe4 Ba3 3 4 . R e l R xc4 3 5 . f4 , etc . As it i s , the ga m e h as e q u a l ized , Eduard G u fe l d bel ieves. 33. . . . R c 7 -f7 b6 xa 5 34 . Qd 3-g3 V ery s h a r p l y p l ayed . B y captu r i n g th e Pawn on a 5 B l ack h as bu rnt h is boats , f o r n ow W h ite h a s two fi les for h is R ooks to ope rate on, as we l l as two connected passed Paw n s w h e reas th e B l ack B i sh op is deprived of i ts su pport and th e Pawn o n a7 h as become vu l ne r­ a b l e . I n sh ort, if B l ack 's K-side cou nterc h a nces p rove i n suff i c i e n t, h is Q-s i d e wea k n ess w i l l be fata l . For a l l th ese reasons, th e m ove i n th e tex t was not u n an i ­ m ou s l y approved of by the com m e ntators. Yet, i n h is stru gg l e for the i n it i a t i ve, Kasparov d ee m s it more i m po rtant to defl ect th e W h ite B i s h op , th u s remov i n g K a rpov's contro l of the sq u are f4 , and K asparov h i m ­ s e l f obta i n i n g th e opportu n ity to regro u p h i s forces w i th tem p i ( g a i n ed by attac k i n g the e4 and c 4 Pawns and a l so th e B i s h op ) to l a u nch a K-side offe nsive. R f7 -f4 3 5 . Bd2 x a 5 QcS-a6 36 . R c l -e l I n G u fe l d ' s op i n i o n , 36 . . . . Be7 see m s stronger : for e x a m p l e , 37 . Qd3 R efS 3S . Bd2 R f2 , or 3 S . R f l R xf 1 + 39 . R x f l R xf 1 + 40 . Qx f l Qa6 4 1 . B d 2 Qa3 w ith suff i c i e n t cou n te rp l ay . 37 . Ba5-d2 R f4-f7 3S . Qg3-d3 R eS-f8 39 . h 2-h3 R f7 -f2 Qa6-f6 ( N o . 94) 4 0 . R b l -a l 141

The game was h e re adjou rned a n d K a rpov sealed his fo rty -f i rst m ove. Th e adj o u r n m e n t a n a l y s i s and the second session were to sh ow wheth e r W h ite wou ld be a b l e to exp l o i t h is strong Paw n ce ntre , to ­ geth e r w ith h is other assets, to scor.e a p o i n t . I n the d i agra m m ed pos i t i o n , Wh ite has to fe nd off th e th reat of 4 1 . . . . Qh 4 and 42 . . . . R 8f3 , w ith B l ack's oth e r th reat, 4 1 . . . . R x g2, being q u i te harm less i n v i ew o f 42 . K xg2 Qf2 + 4 3 . K h 1 R f3 44 . R f i , e tc . Accord i n g­ I y , 4 1 . R e b 1 , w i th the idea of Bd2-e 1 -g3 , to be fo l ­ l owed by R b 5 , etc . , seem s t o be Wh ite 's b est choice. 4 1 . R e 1 -g 1 The sea l ed m ove, revea l i ng K a rpov's appre hension for the safety of h i s K i ng's s h e l te r . As we h ave clearly see n , W h i te need not worry about th e th reat of . . . R x g2, b u t the idea be h i n d K a rpov's m ove i s actu a l l y t o prevent B l ack's further K -s i d e acti v i ty a n d t o con­ fine him to a passive d efence . 41 . ... h7-h5 A strong m ove , a i m ed at p reve n t i n g Wh ite from b r i n g ing h i s B i sh op to g3. Qf6 -e7 42 . R a 1 -a5 95

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Ta k i n g advantage of th e fact th at th e World Cham­ p i on has concen trated h i s h eavy p ieces o n the K-side, K a rpov penetrates w ith one of h is R ooks to the enemy camp and attacks th e B l ack centre Pawns from th e rea r, also worry i n g th e B l ack B i s h op . H owever, th e operat i o n s of W h ite 's s i n g l e R ook h ave fa i l ed to p roduce th e expected resu l t . 4 3 . R g 1 -b 1 Th is a l l ows th e safe penetration b y th e other R ook to th e six th ra n k , w h ich cannot be m asked by the B l ack B ishop, beca u se . . . Bb6 would be m et by Bd2. Sti l l , B l ack's K-side cou nte rpl a y seem s to neutra l ize W h i te's O-s ide i n i t i a t i v e . -Ed. 43 . . . . h 5- h 4 4 4 . R a5-a6 R f8-f7 45. R a6-c6 Oe7-f8 B l ack now th reate n s 46 . . . . R f 1 + 47. K h 2 ( o r 47 . R x f 1 R x f 1 + 4 8 . K h 2 Qf2 , W i n n i n g ) 4 7 . . . . R 7 f2 48 . R x f 1 (otherw ise 48 . . . . R x g2+ wou ld fo l l ow) 48 . . . . R x f 1 and i t i s h a rd for Wh ite to find a reason­ able d efence aga i nst .. , Qf2 .-Ed. 46. R b 1 -g 1 The o n l y m ove.-Ed. 46 . . . . Bc5-e7 4 7 . R c6-e6 Kg7-h7 48. Bd2-e 1 4 8 . R x e 5 is u n p l a y a b l e , i n v iew of 48 . . . . R f 1 , fol l owed by 49 . . . . Bd6 50. R e6 R x g 1 5 1 . K x g 1 R xf 1 + 52 . Ox f 1 B h2+, w i n n ing, says E d u ard G u fe l d . 48 . . . . R f2 - f 1 4 9 . B e 1 -d2 B e 7 -c5 50 . R e6-c6 . . . ( N o . 95) See i n g h is opponent i r reso l u te l y m ark i n g time, th e World C h a m p i o n decides t o ca r ry ou t a beautifu l 1 43

combi n ation , bu t he fa i l s to ta ke i n to consideration the powerfu l ch eck by the W h ite R oo k , d r i v i n g th e B l ack K i n g i n to th e co rner. A n d th e n the W h i te B is h op , w h ich h as rem a i n ed i n active a l m ost th rough · out the game, d e l ivers the decisi ve b l ow. R f7 -f3 50 . . . . The fata l b l u nder a fter w h ich th ere i s no s av i n g th e g a m e . As f o r th e ch ess crown . . . G a r r i Kasparov cou l d , o f cou rse , g o o n repeati n g m oves, head i ng f o r a d raw, f o r i t i s h a rd to te l l h ow Wh ite wou ld be a b l e to m a k e headway . H owever, at th is m om e n t, the World Ch a m p i o n h ad at h is d i sposa l a strong a l te rn ative , w h ich cou ld pose rather d iff icu lt prob l e m s for W h ite, nam e l y , 50 . . . . a 5 . Should the Wh ite B i s h op captu re the Paw n , i t w o u l d b e d efl ected from the a l l · i m porta n t d i a g o n a l c 1 -c6 , th e s i g n i f i · ca nce o f wh ich becomes evid e n t on W h ite's 53 rd m ove. Otherw ise , the Pawn j u st goes on to q u ee n . Cou ld Kasparov h ope t o w i n afte r 50 . . . . a 5 ? H a rd l y s o , because W h i te wou ld h ave a t h is d i sposal a n oth e r deflect i n g sacr i f ice : 5 1 . B x a5 R f3 52 . g f R x f3 53. R c S a n d th e e n su i ng e n d g a m e appea rs t o be d rawable . 5 1 . g2 xf3 R f 1 x f3 52. R c6-c7+ K h7-h8 53 . Bd2- h 6 O n see i n g th i s m ove K asparov sti ffe n ed i n sh ock­ n a rrates E d u ard G u fe l d - h e sudden ly rem e m bered ! He had a l ready see n th is posit i o n a n d th i s move p l ayed on the board d u r i n g th e s l eep less n ig h t spen t over th e adjou r n m e nt a n a ly s i s . 53 . . . . R f3xd3 54. B h 6xf8 R d 3 x h 3+ 55. K h 1 -g2 R h 3-g3+ 56 . Kg2-h2 R g3 x g 1 1 44

57 . Bf8xc5 d 4-d3 In the excite m e n t of the l ast seconds of the batt l e , both com bata n ts stopped record i n g the i r m oves, a n d feverish ly moved th e i r p i eces. When i t w a s confi rmed that A n atoly K a rpov had not overstepped the time l i m it, th e World Champion resigned . The score of the m atch is n ow +4-3= 1 6 i n favo u r of Karpov .

G A M E TW E N TY.FOU R

R eti Opening

A. Karpov

G. K asparov

On the eve of th e twenty -fou rth game of th e Sev i l l e M atch th e tension h as reach ed a c l i m a x . J u st as i n th e M o scow M atch of 1 985, th e fate of the World Chess Crown w as to be decid ed i n th is s i ng l e , l a st contest. Aga i n i t w a s th e World C h a m p i o n w h o had t o "win or d ie " a n d aga i n h e h ad th e W h i te p i eces. O n l y h is n a m e w as d ifferent th is t i m e-Garri Kasparov. And here is what he writes about such a situ ation in h is book Two Matches: "Such games, wh ich have i ncompara b l e value i n the l ife of a ch ess p l ayer, obey t h e i r own l aws of strugg l e . When a s i ng l e m ove m ay answer th e q u estion ' t o be or n ot t o be', one ca nnot keep one's h ead clear. It is ve ry h ard to get rid of th e though t th at one w ro n g m ove may p rove fata l , for noth i n g can be put right aga in after that, you k n ow-th is is th e l ast game of the matc h ! I n such extre m e situ ations, w h e n the con testa n ts 145 10-1393

h ave to p lay u nder a l m ost u nbeara b l e n ervou s stra i n , m uch , if n ot every th i n g, d epends on one's psych ol o­ g1ca l p reparat i o n , o n e 's read i n ess to give batt l e . H e who i s coo l e r , m o re pruden t a n d c i rc u mspect, m o re confident of h is success, is s u re to w i n . " -Ed. Before th e l ast and decisive gam e of th e m atch sta rted , every one see m ed to be Wonde r i n g h ow the World Ch a m p i o n wou l d deal with th e prob lem i n h a nd , w h at tactics he wou ld ad opt. Wou ld h e attempt a n a l l -ou t offe n sive at once, repeat a n o l d v a r i a t i o n p l ayed i n one of th e i r pre v i o u s enco u n te rs or h a d h e , perhaps, prepared som eth i n g extraord i n a ry f o r t h i s v e r y spec i a l occas i o n ? Al l th ese conjectures tu rned ou t to be w rong, h owever. For K asparov took the only ri g h t decis i o n - h e opened th e game i n a q u i et manner, was not i n a h u rry to adva nce h is Pawns and to sta rt figh t i n g for the central sq u ares. Appare n tl y , Karpov d id not ex pect th is strategy, for too early d id he stop l oo k i n g for fighting l i nes, prefe r r i n g to s i m p l ify th e game by n u m erous ex­ cha nges. Th i s m eth od , k n own as p lay i n g for reta i n i n g th e sco re , h a s i n va r i a b l y resu lted i n h a n d i n g over the i n itiative to t h e oth er s i d e . e7-e6 1 . c2-c4 2 . N g l -f3 N g8-f6 d 7-d 5 3 . g2-g3 4 . b2-b3 Th is open i n g , w h ic h m ay b e descri bed as a R e t! syste m , or a double f i a n ch etto , h as never before occu rred in th e gam es between these r i v a l s . -Ed. 4. ... Bf8-e7 5 . B f l -g2 0-0 b7-b6 6 . 0-0 7 . B c l -b2 Bc8-b7 1 46

8 . e2-e3 N b8-d 7 9. N b l -c3 N f6-e4 B l ac k 's previous m ove e n a b l es h im to start s i m p l i­ fy i n g, wh ich su its h is i nten tions. W h ite cannot avo id exch a n g i n g m i n o r pieces, becau se on 9. d3 there wou l d fo l l ow 9 . . Nc5, e m p h as i z i ng d3's weak ness. 1 0. N c3-e2 W h i te j u st i f i a b l y w is h es to keep th e K n ig h t from exch anging, and i n tends to u se it i n th e centre or on the K i n g's f l a n k , but W h ite's O-s i d e i s n ow sl i ghtl y weakened . T h e seq u e l 1 0. c d N xc3 1 1 . Bxc3 e d wou l d be worse for W h ite, h oweve r. 1 0. . . . a7-a5 The react i o n , perhaps u n n ecessa ry , to h is oppo­ n ent's p rev i o u s m ove, i n d icati n g also that K a rpov is be i n g torn between th e d es i re to s i m p l ify th e game to a d raw and th e w ish to pl a y active l y . I t is evident, h oweve r, th at B l ac k w i l l a l s o h ave to p l ay . . . c7-c5, w h e reu pon h is b-Pawn w i l l becom e i rrepara b l y weak . G ra n d m aste r G u fe l d be l ieves that 1 0 . . . . c5 is i n ord e r , g i v i n g 1 1 . d3 B f 6 1 2 . Oc2 B x b2 1 3 . Oxb2 N ef6, to be fo l l owed by . . . Oe7 , R fd 8 , and R ac8 as th e l i ne so l v i n g a l l B l ack's p rob l e m s . 1 1 . d 2-d3 Be7 -f6 By now, B l ac k has a l ready spent one h ou r o n h is c l oc k , Wh ite h av i n g spent twe nty m i n u tes less. K arpov consiste n t l y s i m p l i f i es th e ga m e . 1 2 . 0d l -c2 Bf6xb2 N e4-d6 (No. 96 ) 1 3 . 0c2 xb2 The atte m pt to trade th e Ou eens by 1 3 . . . . Of6 wou l d fa i l afte r 1 4 . Oc2 N d 6 1 5. cd , or 1 4 . Oc2 Nc5 1 5 . d4, i n d icates E d u a rd G u fe l d . 1 4 . c4xd5 Bb7xd5 Afte r 1 4 . . . . ed , th e game wou l d be m ore com.

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p l icate d , b u t Wh ite wou l d h ave an e n d u r i n g p ressu re, so the text-m ove is s i m p l e r a nd be tte r. 1 5 . d3-d4 The World Cham pi on pondered for th i rty -five m i nu tes over this m ove. T h e m an oeuvre N e2-f4- h 5 certa i n l y l o o k s te mptin g, but afte r 1 5 _ N f4 B b 7 1 6 . N h 5 f 6 , fo l l owed by Ge7 , c7-c5 and e6-e 5 , B l ack has, accord i n g t o G u fe l d , an exce l l e n t game. 1 5 . ... c7-c5 The p l a n n ed , th ough com m itt i n g, ad va nce, a i med at u n d e rm i n i n g th e Wh ite centre. 1 6 . R f 1 -d 1 . . . X-ray i n g th e B l ack p ieces a l o n g the d -fi l e ! 1 6. . .. R a8-c8 The m ove about wh ich th e com m entators d isa­ greed , some of them see i n g n oth i n g w rong w i th it, othe rs regard i n g it as an i n accu racy and suggesting 16 . . . _ Ge7 i n stead . The point i s that afte r K aspa rov's rep l y th e ex -Wo rld Champ ion is i n fact forced to trade h is B is h op fo r the W h ite K n ight, because oth e r­ wise W h i te w ou l d p lay dc w ith th reats a l o n g the d -f i l e a n d th e l o n g d a r k -squared d i agona l . A s a resu l t of 96

1 48

th e " m in o r Exchange sac rifice" , Wh ite's l i ght-squared B ishop, h av i n g n o opponent, becomes very stro ng_­ Ed_

1 7 _ Ne2-f4 H e re we go ! B d 5xf3 1 7_ __. 1 8 . Bg2xf3 Od8-e7 1 9 . R a l -c l That n ight i n Sevi i l e the World Champ ion p l ayed sp l e nd i d l y , better, perhaps, than ever before . H is cooi reaction to the n u m e ro u s exch a n ges w i l l , fo r many years to come, be cited as a paragon of psych ol ogica l sta b i l ity and stay i n g power i n a very d i fficu lt sporting situati o n . Wh i l e B l ac k was pu rsu i n g h is p la n of ex­ chan gi n g p i eces, Wh ite was stead i l y i m p roving the pos i t i o n s of h is rem a i n i n g p i eces. If o n l y because of th e sport i n g considerations, adds Serge i M a k a rychev, W h ite shou l d seek m ore than j u st th e smal l advantage that he wou ld have afte r 1 9 . N h 5 ( th reate n i n g 20. dc and 2 1 . Og7 mate ) 1 9 . . . . N f6 20 . dc R xc5 2 1 . N xf6 gf, etc . R fB-d8 1 9_ . . , N d 7 xc5 2 0 . d4xc5 a 5x b4 2 1 . b3- b4 2 2 . 0b2x b4 Oe7 -a7 W h ite has by n ow spent 2 hou rs and 6 m i n utes, B l ack-2 h ou rs and 9 m in utes. N d6-f5 23. a2-a3 A l l th e com m entators criticized th is m a noeuvre as a se rious loss of ti m e . B l ac k shou id have p l ayed 23. . . . Ne8 to tra n sfer it to f6 l ate r on. Th e B l ack K n ig hts on f6 and d7 wou l d have cem e n ted his d efence . -Ed. R d 8xd l + 24. R c l -b l 1 49

2 5 . R b 1 xd 1 Qa7 -c7 26. N f4-d3 The strong m ove by w h ich W h ite pu ts p ressu re o n both th e Q-s i d e and th e ce ntre , th u s m a k i n g h is pos i t i o n a l advantage c l e a r . 26. . . . h 7- h 6 O n e m ore s l i p , wh ich m ay we l l be fata l for B l ac k . I n s i m i l a r confi gurations, po i n ts out Serge i M a k a ry­ chev, it is custom ary to m ake an outlet for one's K i ng by m ov i ng one's g-Pawn one sq u a re ( g6 ) , for th e weak ness of th e dark sq u a res cannot be explo ited ( th e opponent h as n o d a r k -squared B i shop) . In th at case , th e sq uare f7 wou l d be re l i a b l y protecte d . N f5-e7 2 7 . R d 1 -c 1 The ex-World C h a m p i o n has spen t a l m ost a l l h is t i m e ( o n ly 6 m i n u tes l e ft on h is c l oc k ) and is p l a y i n g u nd e r severe t i m e-p ressure; but K asparov is o n l y m argina l l y better p laced i n th is rega rd . T h e t i m e­ scra m b l e play h as begu n . I n th ese cru c i a l m omen ts of th e m atc h , th e W o r l d Ch a m p i o n s h ows h is tremendous w i l l to w i n . P l a y i n g a series of v i gorous m oves, he su cce eds i n l a u nch i n g a d a n gerous a ttack agai nst th e B l ack K i n g, and on l y sl ight i n accu racies on h is part, due to h is e x tre m e excite m e n t, a s w e l l as Karpov's asto n ish i n g m astery i n defence, save th e ex-Ch a m p i o n from defeat before th e con tro l . 2 8 . Qb4-b 5 N e7-f5 N f5-d6 29 . a3-a4 30. Qb5- b 1 Qc7-a7 . . . (No. 97 ) 3 1 . Nd3-e5 Alth ough com m entators h ave d iffered i n a ssess i n g th is Pawn sac r i f ice , th e i r va l u at i o n ran g i n g from " b l u ff" to a "su dd en and e n e rgetic th ru st", the fu rth e r events i n th e game show th at Kaspa rov's 1 50

com bination is both co rrect and n ecessary . -Ed. 31 . ... Nc5x a4 Acco rd i n g to Serg e i M a k a rychev, the accepta nce of th e Pawn sac r i f ice l oses by force . Nd6xc8 32 . R c 1 xc8+ 33. Qb 1 -d 1 Here, h oweve r, Kaspa rov h as s l i pped , w h ich cou ld have led to sad consequences for h i m . All commen­ tators p o i n ted out th at 33. Qb5 wou l d be m uch stronger. F o r i n sta nce, 33 . . . . Nd6 34. Qc6 , o r 33 . . . . Kf8 34 . N c6 Qa8 3 5 . Qd 3 ! decid i n g t h e issue at once. 33. . . . N c8-e7 R e tu rn i n g th e com p l i m ent. Afte r 33 . . . . Nc5 34. Qd8+ K h 7 35. Bd l ( n ot, of cou rse , 35. Qxc8 Qa 1 + 36. Kg2 Qxe5, and B l ac k wou ld be a Pawn a h ead) 3 5 . . . . N e 7 36 . N xf7 N g6 , B l ack's defe nsive task wou l d be m uch eas i e r . -Ed. 34. Qd 1 -d8+ K g8-h 7 35 . Ne5xf7 Anoth e r s l i ght i n accu racy : 35. B h 5 wou ld be the q u icker w i n n ing m eth od , e . g. 3 5 . . . . N g6 36. Bxg6 fg 37 . Qe8 g5 38. h4 gh 39 . gh (th reate n i n g h 5 a nd Ng6 97

98

1 51

w i th i n ev i ta b l e mate on h8 ) 39 . . . . Oa5 4 0 . Og6+ Kg8 ( i f 40. . . . K hS , th en 4 1 . N f7+, fo l l owed by Nxh6+, -f7 -g5 w ith u navo i d a b l e m ate or heavy m ate r i a l l oss for B l ac k ) 4 1 . Oxe6+, w ith a n i rresist­ i b l e attack . N e7 -g6 35 . . . . Oa7-e7 36 . 0d S-eS Oe7xf7 37 . 0eSxa4 3S . Bf3-e4 K h 7-g8 39 . 0a4-b5 N g6-f8 Of7-f6 40. 0b5xb6 4 1 . 0b6-b5 Of6-e7 ( N o. 98 ) The ga m e was adj ourned in a pos i t i o n where th e World Ch a m p i o n h as n ot o n l y a p osi t i o n a l advan tage, but also an extra Paw n , wh ich prom ises h i m w i n n i n g cha nces. H oweve r, a s th e re a re few p i eces and Pawns l eft on th e board , Ka rpov also reta i n s defin ite d raw­ ing cha nces. 42. K g 1 -g2 g7-g6 I n an interview afte r th e adjou rn m e n t sess i on , K asparov expressed th e op i n i o n th at K a rp ov shou ld have kept h is K-s i d e Paw ns on th e d ark squ ares, thus depr i v i n g Wh ite of th e a b i l ity to i m prove h is position by offe ri ng the exch ange of Ou eens. The same idea was expressed by M a k a rychev, for exam p l e . 43. 0b 5-a5 Oe7-g7 4 4 . 0a5-c5 Og7-f7 45. h 2-h4 h6-h5 Pursu i n g h is erroneous p l a n . B l ack s h ou ld , perh aps, have tried . . . g6-g5 o n h is p revious m ove, o r . . . Of6 now. 46. 0c5-c6 Of7 -e7 4 7 . Be4-d3 Oe7-f7 K g8-g7 48. 0c6-d6 1 52

49. e3-e4 K g7-g8 50 . Bd3 -c4 K g8-g7 5 1 . Qd6-e5+ Kg7-g8 52 . Qe5-d6 K g8-g7 53. Bc4-b 5 Kg7-g8 54. Bb5-c6 Qf7 -a7 ( N o . 99) The man oeuvres of the W h ite p ieces are a i m ed at expel l i n g the B l ack Qu een from th e seventh ran k , where the Wh ite Queen is th en t o assu m e contro l . S i nce afte r th e exchange o f Queens B l ack's position is indefensi b l e , h e has to cede the seventh ra n k , h is m ob i l ity b e i n g th u s fu rth e r red uced .-Ed. Qa7-c7 5 5 . Qd6-b4 56 . Qb4-b7 Qc7-d8 Od 8-a5 57 . e4-e5 5 8 . Bc6-e8 Qa5-c5 59. Qb7-f7 + Kg8-h 8 T h e f i g h t is practica l l y over, for o n l y th e B l ack Qu een h as reta i ned som e ( rat he r l i m ited ) m o b i l i ty . T o w i n a n oth e r Pawn is a m atte r o f t i m e a n d tech· n ique-and Kasparov d oes n ot l ack e ithe r ! -Ed. 60. Be8-a4 Qc5-d 5+ 99

1 00

1 53

6 1 . K g2 -h2 Qd 5-c5 62. Ba4-b3 Qc5-c8 63. Bb3-d 1 Qc8-c5 64. K h 2-g2 ( N o . 100 ) H e re Anatoly K a rpov te ndered h i s resignation and congratu lated h is riva l o n h is ach ievement. K a rpov decided not to wait to see wheth e r K asparov wou ld fa l l into a rather e l e m e n tary trap : 64. ... Qd5+ 65. Bf3 Qc5 66. Be4 Qa3 67 . B x g6 ? ? 68. Qxg6 Qf3+ ! ! w ith inevitable sta l e m ate . To avo id th i s, W h ite sh o u l d withdraw h is K i n g back to h 2 , force the B l ack Qu een to l eave th e sq u a re c5 ( e . g. Wh ite p l ay s Bd3 and B l ack re p l i e s Qb41 . and only th e n captu re th e Pawn on g6 . T h e B l ack Q u e e n sacrifice is th en pa r r i e d by K g2 ( n ot gh sta l e m a te ! ) a n d B l ack i s l ost. The sco re is th us even : +4-4= 1 6, wh ich m ea n s that G a r r i Kasparov w i l l reta i n h is World t i t l e t i l l at l east 1 990 !

Points Scored and Moves Played . . . The World C h a m p ionsh ip M atch between G a r r i K asparov and Anatol y K a rpov , wh ich l asted f o r 69 days, is n ow e n d ed . I n the bust l e o f d a i l y reports o f the p o i nts scored or lost, seconds spent, t i m e-p ressu res suffe red , and ga m es postponed and adj ou rned , a l l j o u r n a l i sts w i t h ­ ou t exception a re apt t o fo rget the m ost im porta n t th i n g f o r wh ich W o r l d C h a m p ionsh ip M atches are p l ayed . And I W OU l d n 't l i ke th e readers of th is book to get th e i m p ress i o n th at G a r r i K asparov p l ayed Anatoly K a rpov i n Sevi l l e w ith the so le pu rpose of find i ng ou t w h o of th em is m ore proficient in read ing the m u l t i -co l ou red m osaic of chess com b i nations today . Chess is n ot o n l y , a nd not so m uch , a game to p l a y . Chess is rath e r a m od e l i m itati n g m ost d iverse s i tuations, in wh ich so l u t i o n s sh o u l d q u ic k l y be sought and fou nd on a creative leve l . To pl a y chess s k i i fu l l y is to th i n k q u ic k l y and on each particu l a r occas ion d iffe re n tl y ; wh i l e fo l l ow i ng a s i n g l e th read of h is creative concept, a p layer sh ou ld never act routi n e l y , bu t s h o u l d every ti m e be a b l e to fi nd a stri k i ngly ori g i n a l sol u t i o n even u nder m ost u n ­ favou ra b l e c i rcu m sta nces . Watch i n g day afte r day th e perfo rmance of two 1 55

great m aste rs, y ou i n v o l u n ta r i l y expect to see some­ th i n g extra o rd i nary, you com p l a i n of tri te m oves, you are vexed abou t i n e x p l icab l e b l u nders_ I n so d o i n g, you s o m etim es te n d to ove rlook the fact that these "trite m oves" a re h a rd to find over-the-board , th at it is a far-from -easy task to p ic k them out from oth e r conti n u at i o n s w h ich look as strong, but a re in fact wea ker. When everyth i n g seem s so sim p l e , so easy to fi nd for anyone who cares to, i t is then that we a re witness i n g the h ighest tech n i q u e of the game . And o n l y on see i n g th ose i n ex p l i c a b l e m istakes com­ m itted by th e G ra n d m asters can we guess that they are the d i rect conseq uences of the see m i ngly s i m p l e m oves that too k u p so m uch of th e i r e n e rg y . H owever, i t goes w ith ou t say i n g that G a rr i Kaspa­ rov and Anato l y K a rpov have a lways been superb tech n ica l l y , and the m atch j u st f i n ished i s y et a n other con f i r m at i o n of th e fact. B u t I can see , i n th e games of the Sev i l l e M atch , som eth i n g m ore i m porta n t for th e ga m e of chess, n a m e l y , that th ey are satu rated with nua nces-de l icate sm a l l -sca l e so l u ti ons-wh ich usua l l y pass u n n oticed by th e spectato rs enthra l l ed by cou nting the p o i nts score d . To begin with, Kasparov's v ictory i n the Sevi l l e M atch is, i n l a rge m easu re, d u e t o h is exceptiona l l y c l ever strategy i n th e ope n i n g ph ase . I t h a s genera l l y been recogn ized th at th e m ore ofte n a p l a y e r varies op e n i n g sy stem s i n th e cou rse of a m atch th e h a rd e r it w i l l be for h is opponent t o su rp rise h i m i n a n ope n i n g pu rpose l y ; accord i n g l y , th e p l ayer's chances to succeed w i l l i ncrease. World Champion Garri K asparov empl oyed a very econ om ica l method of p l a y i n g i n th e ope n i ng . As B l ac k , he adopted th e G ru e nfe l d Defe n ce in ten 1 56

g a m es, wh i l e hav i n g the Wh ite p ieces, he ch ose the E n g l i sh Open i n g as m any t i m es. Of cou rse , so bold an app roach towards the ope n i n g phase, where o n e a lways m ay ru n i n to th e reefs of an i n novation p repared at h om e , is perhaps for a World Cha m pion a l on e to ta k e . Yet, a l l Masters and G ra n d m asters shou ld fo l l ow his exam p l e by a n a l y z i n g one or two l i nes extre m e l y thorough l y , rath e r tha n stu d y i n g ten or twenty va riations super· fici a l l y . I t seems necessa ry t o m ention t h e fact th at a n a bundance o f chess open i ngs ex ists o n l y o n the pages of vol u m inous h andbooks and encycl oped ias. O n l y th ose variati o ns, h owever, i n w h ich a chess p l ayer i s " i n h i s e l e m ent" are su ita b l e for p ractical appl icatio n . The a r t o f se lect i n g and bu i l d i n g u p o n e ' s right ope n i n g repe rto i re can th e refore be ach ieved only after years of testi n g, often after b itte r fa i l u res. Garri K asparov, h owever, has gone th rou gh that o rdeal with one b reath , so to spea k . And th is-an i n tu itive u nder­ stand i n g of bare l y outl i n ed chess positions and th e tactical nu ances h idden w ith in th e m - i s perh aps the m ost d isti n gu ish i n g featu re of h is ta l e nt. Ex-Wor l d Ch a m p i on Anato l y K a rpov also m ade, in th is m atch , a l a rge contribution to open ing th eory . H i s surpris i n g m eth od of attac k i n g in th e G ru e nfe ld w i l l n ow be carefu l l y a n a l yzed by the ex perts who prev iously rejected th is line, w h ere Wh ite wi n s a Pawn . I n t h e Qu een's G a m b it Decl i n ed , A n ato ly Ka rpov d e m on strated a n u m ber of new m oves, wh ich e ither i n tensify Wh ite's attack or revea l B l ack's d efensive potenti a l . And only i n the E ngl ish Ope n i ng was he u na b l e to eq u a l ize u n fa i l i ng l y - m aybe because of h is 1 57

exceed i n g m ax i m a l ism in h is desire to wrest the i n itiative as soon as poss i b l e . Spea k i n g a bout t h e m id d l e p hase, o n e c a n m ention som e d e l i cate positional p l a n s carried out by both p l ay e rs, as w e l l as ve ry strenuous com b i national fights i n oth e r e ncou n te rs. I wou l d l i ke to reiterate that, p l ay i n g th rou gh th e gam es of th e m atc h n ow that it is over, one can m ore read i l y perceive the tension of the batt l e , in wh ich l o s i n g w as h ig h l y u ndesirable and v ictory-extrem e l y n ecessary . I agree with the op i n ion expressed by ma n y com m entators th at i n the art of d e l i cate strategic m anoeuv r i n g Garri Kasparov and A n atoly Ka rpov have no eq u a l s . Perhaps, there were few bri l l i a n t com­ b i nations in Sevi l l e . T h i s , h oweve r, i s q u ite n atu ra l ­ th e defence w as at i ts h igh est, the pa rticipants u sual l y saw, a n d preve nted , com b i n ational th reats f a r i n adva nce . Endga m es in Sev i l l e were m ost d iverse , o n e m ore i nterest i n g than a n other. I l i k e very m uch th e end­ ga m e from the seventh e n cou nte r , i n wh ich the B lack B is r op a n d Pawns were f i g h t i n g th e Wh ite R oo k . The Wh ite R ooks sh owed th e i r m ettl e i n the th i rteenth game, wh i l e th e B l ack R ooks- i n th e n i n eteenth . An extre m e l y i n te rest i n g endgam� that a rose in the e l eventh con test was u n fo rtu nate l y sp o i l ed by K a r­ pov's overs i ght. Yet, even th e n th e m eth od of exp l o i t­ ing h i s advantage d e m o n strated by Kaspa rov is very i nstructive. And, of cou rse , in the l ast h o u rs of th e matc h , th e World Ch a m p i o n w o n t h e d ifficu l t end­ game of th e 24th e n cou nter by brea k i n g the stubborn resistance of the B l ack p ieces. In th at endgam e, everyth i n g was beau tifu l-the Wh ite Qu een's ma­ noeuvres, th e intricate tran sfe rs of th e B ishop, and 1 58

th e two bold m oves by the W h ite K i ng at the cruci a l m om ents, th e one p l ayed at adj o u r n m ent, th e other at the f i n a l m om ent. In short, th e creative e l e m e nt that man i fested itse l f in the games of th e Sevi l l e M atch d eserves o u r s i n ce rest pra ises. David Bronstein ,

I n ternational G randmaster

R EQU EST TO R EA D E R S Raduga Pu b l i s h e rs wou l d b e g l ad t o have your opi n i o n of t h i s boo k, its translation and des i g n and any su ggestions you m ay have for future publ i cati o n s . Pl ease s e n d a l l y o u r com ments to 1 7 , Z u ­ bovs ky Bou l eva rd, Moscow, U SS R .