The Untold Secret of the Moors

The Untold Secret of the Moors

Tarik ibn Ziyad from is from Morocco, which is a country located in Northwest Africa below the Mediterranean Sea; Tarik was a General of the Moorish Army based in Morocco, Algeria, Spain, Portugal, Italy and parts of France. The Moorish soldier, who were under the command of General Tarik ibn Ziyad are primarily, natives from Morocco and Algeria (Northwest Africa). Spain, Portugal, Italy and nearly all of southeast Europe were conquered by the Moors, under the command of the great General Tariq ibn Ziyad. These soldiers were Africans (moors) from the northern and western parts of Africa, some of them were African with a mixture of Arab descent.

General Tarik ibn Ziyad

Before General Tarik ibn Ziyad had conquered Spain, the Europeans living there, were in the Dark ages, meaning, they didn’t have an advance civilization, if any, and the European who was living in Spain prior to The Moors presence in Spain, wasn’t civilized at the time. The Moors (Africans from Northwest Africa, particularly Morocco and Algerian) have had a major influence on southeast Europe, while making major contributions to the city of Visigoth (Iberian Peninsula). The Engineering skills that were acquired by the Moors had sprung up innumerable cities from the rich valleys of the Guadalquivir (Andalusia, Spain) and Guadiana (the border between Portugal and Spain).

Moorish architecture in Spain

During the rulership of Tarik ibn Ziyad, the cities of southeast Europe were the most elegant places to visit in the whole continent of Europe, due to the influences and contributions of the Moors. The moors were pioneers of the earliest arts, literature, mathematics, medical science and general science during the time of Medieval Europe. Students from France, Germany and England came to cites ruled by the Moors to learn extensive knowledge of the various subjects, taught and introduced by the Moors in the mist of their fabulous institutions.

Moorish Mosque in Spain

However, some of the best surgeons and doctors in Europe had practice their skills in the city of Andalusia, this city became one of the cradles of Medical science that was practiced in Europe. The city Cordova didn’t allow ladies to practice and study in the medical field, until permission was granted by the Moors. This became one the earliest forms of women liberation in Europe. Furthermore, due to the Moorish presence in Spain; subjects such as Mathematics, Astronomy, Botany, World History, Philosophy and Jurisprudence were only Master in Spain, out of the whole entire continent of Europe; these subjects was not mastered anywhere else in Europe prior to the Moorish presence and influence of these surrounding regions. Thus, the Moors of Spain had also contributed scientific methods of irrigation, the arts of fortification and shipbuilding.

The Moorish Soldiers of General Tarik ibn Ziyad expedition traveled with him from Northwest Africa to Southeast Europe without any women’s, because of this, the Moors had interracial relationships with European women, these sexual intercourse between the Moorish men and European women had resulted to biracial offspring. One of the children that was birth by these European women, that were impregnated by West African Moors; was Alexander Dumas, who is the Author of The 3 Musketeers. Obviously the accounts of interracial relationships prove that the Moors were not the indigenous people of Spain. Some might have assumed this because; the mulatto children fathered by the Moors were born in Spain and mistaken as Arabs.

Alexander Dumas

There were 70 libraries with over a half of million books in the magnificent city of Cordova, under the rulership of the Moors. In the 18th century, about 300-400 years after Moorish rulership of Spain, the new capital that is presently known as Madrid had no libraries after the departure of the Moors. Madrid (the capital of Spain) and all the other cities of Spain, had suffered a Major declination, after the departure of the West African Moors. The Moors laid the foundation of Spanish Architecture, advance educations and the Islamic culture while in Spain. Other regions in southeast Europe such as Italy, France and Portugal were advanced and highly influenced by the Moors from Morocco and Algeria.

Moorish Men with European Women

Furthermore, not only did the Moors influence southeastern Europe, they also had a major influence on the western hemisphere, from the southernmost bottom of South America, throughout Meso America (Central America) and all the way to the most northern tip of North America. Many people are not aware that the Moors presence in America surpasses the European presence in the Americans by Millions of years. Christopher Columbus as well as other European settlers had mentioned the Presence of Africans residing in America before their arrival. I will now present evidence of the African presence in the Americas prior to the first European settlers, in the following paragraph.

According to an article entitled: The Real Indian is the Negro aka the Blackamoor by an anonymous author, Page 1 states as I quote: Ancient Kufic Script was employed for the Arabic Language before the modern Arabic came into general use. This example dates from approximately 700 A.D., and occurs in Nevada,[USA] where it was mistaken for Amerindian markings of about 1000 B.C. It is actually a Religious text and reads Nabi‟ Allah Muhammad – Allah‟s Prophet is Muhammad – It was probably cut into the rock as part of the permanent school lessons of the Muslim settlers of the southwest. {Sample of words from Saga America by Barry Fell} {The origin of Kufic or the angular style of Arabic script is traced back to about one hundred years before the foundation of Kufah (17H / 638CE) to which town it owes its name because of its development there: Note from -S. M. Imamuddin, Arabic Writing And Arab Libraries, 1983, Ta-Ha Publishers Ltd.: London, p. 12.}. The same article by the same the same author, Page 1 continues to state as quote: The Qara called Kufic script is the earliest Qara so called Arabic script and is related to the family of Muhammad through Ali, Fatima, and Bilal. Bilal‟s descendants moved through Africa to West Africa, present day Morocco and across the seas to the Americas and left these inscriptions in Nevada at a school established there. {The Arabic script [khatt] is the one, which is now known as Kufic. From it evolved all the present pens: Note from - Abi al-`Abbas Ahmad al-Qalqashandi, Kitab Subh al-A`sha, 1914, Volume III, Dar al-Kutub alKhadiwiyyah: Al-Qahirah, p. 15.} (See: http://www.mamiwata.com/Moors.pdf).

Kufic Script

The origins of Kufic Script could be traced back as far as Ancient Babylon. The Arabic language deprived from the Kufic language. Kufic was the tongue of the original inhabitants, from the so-called Middle East (which is actually an extension of Northeast Africa); these indigenous people from the Middle East are what you would call Africans today. Modern or contemporary Arabic is a mixture of Kufic as well as some of the Indo European dialects. Today the Indo Europeans are known as Arabs. Most, if not all Arabs, are a mixture of Indian, Asian, European and some African. They’re complete mutts, this is why they are not recognize as a particular race, and they are only identified by nationality (nationality doesn’t define or generalize a race of people). Yet, as I mention earlier, there are many accounts made by Europeans that could be used to justify the presence of Moors (African, Negroes, Indio’s or whatever you prefer to call us) in the Americas.

Here a letter written by a Europeans in regards of African presence in the Americas, according the article entitled: The Real Indian is the Negro aka the Blackamoor by an anonymous author, Page 2-3 states as I quote: ‘Negros’ as the Original Indians Proof in the Jesuit Letters The Book „Africans and Native Americans‟ by Jack Forbes paints a very different picture of history than what most of us were taught about the origins of Black People in the Western Hemisphere. We were taught that Black People came from Africa as slaves that the Red Indian was the true Native American and that White people took ‘Black’ slaves from Africa and stole the land of the Red Indians. This story is nothing but a giant fiction, a novel made up by white historians to deceive the masses about the original history and peoples of the Americas. Jack Forbes uses the letters of Jesuit Missionaries to prove that „Negroes‟ or „Black Moors‟ were the first Americans and in fact were the Black and olive toned people found in the Western hemisphere. Commenting from the Jesuit letters on the appearance of the Native Americans Forbes states, “For example in 1519 it was said of the Brazilians „non sono neneri ne blanchi ma di colore di ulivo (that is they are not black or white but of olive color) but the same writer remarked that the Brazilian canoe-men he saw were „so black‟ that they could have been taken for sailors on the sea of styx (In Hell).”1 The author continues his comments on the appearance of Natives in North America from the Jesuit letters, “In 1524 the Carolina coast people were said to be „of dark color not much unlike the Ethiopians.”2 The terms Negro and Indios were used interchangeably to describe the natives in the journals of early missionaries, who could not have possibly been referring to Africans, “From 1549 through 1565 the letters of the Jesuit missionaries in Brazil usually addressed to

colleagues in Portugal or Spain, frequently refers to the Americans as Negroes...In April of 1549 Manuel de Nobrega, the leader of the Jesuits, addressed a letter from Bahia to Simao Rodrigues in Lisbon in which he refers to the Portuguese in Brazil as living in sin because of their having „many negras‟ and lots of children by the said „black‟ women. Thus the Jesuit father called the American women living with Portuguese men „negras‟, a term which according to Leite, could not have denoted people from Africa because in 1549 there were few or no African women in Bahia. Nonetheless, Nobrega uses the word Indio... „When Africans are referred to in the Jesuit Letters they are always called Negros da Guine (Blacks of Guinea) to distinguish them from negros de terra (Blacks of the land or Americans) 3 1

Africans & Native Americans by Jack Forbes page 69 2 IBID 69


3

IBID 69

“A very interesting letter is one prepared by „dos meninos do Colegio de Jesus da Baia, that is, by young Americans studying in the school: Diogo Topinamba, Peribira Mongeta, and Quantia. Although probably edited by a Jesuit, this may represent the first letter written by Americans in a European Language from Brazil. In it they refer to an American leader, ‟el Grillo‟, as a Negro and to other natives as Negroes. We find for example „El Grillo, who is a Negro very well known and feared among them‟ and that el Grillo „es Negro muy grave‟. El Grillo was at the same time an Indi pagan and a friend of the Portuguese.”4 “In August 1552 Nobrega wrote from Bahia [South America] to Lisbon [Portugal] referring to the native peoples as Negroes. In May 1554 Antonio Blazquez from Porto Seguro wrote to the Jesuits of Coimbra that: 
 Yo estoy en Este Puerto Segro, y la Vida que hago y en lo que me ocupo es esto: enseno la doctrina a los Negros y negras. That is he was preaching to the Americans, called Negros. He also referred to the Negros and los mamalucos des la tierra as pupils. The editor notes that by negros and negras he meant Indios e Indias.”5 (See: http://www.mamiwata.com/Moors.pdf).

Moors in America

The Indians were never defeated or conquer for their land. Europeans was never successful at defeating the Moors (West Indians) during hand to hand combat and conventional war. The Moor (West Indians or Native Americans) was manipulated into selling their land to the British and Spaniards. There many accounts that are documented about, the Moors (West Indian) severely slaughtering Europeans during wars. Thus, the Europeans had come up with clever tactics on how they could eliminate the West Indians (Moors or Native Americans). Tactics such as diseases, alcohol, and division were used by Europeans to weaken the West Indians (moors). Diseases such as small pox were used to kill the Indians (moors); blankets with small pox were either handed to or thrown over the West Indians (moors), while they were sleeping. Small Pox and alcohol was killing the West Indians (moors) instantly, because alcohol and small pox were foreign to the West Indians (moors). One of the most effective tactics used by Europeans to weaken the West Indians (Moors or Native Americans), was the divide and conquer method. Europeans know they didn’t have a chance on defeating the West Indians (moors); therefore, they turn the Native Americans (West Indian or Moors) against one another. Some of the Dark skinned West Indians (Moors), were deceived into thinking that, the Europeans had brought them to North America as property from African. Through such deceptions, the light skinned and dark skinned West Indian (moors) was starting to view each other as a different racial groups. The dark West Indians were labeled as Negros while the light skinned West Indians were labeled as Indio or Indians. Although, some Moors (from West Africa), was actually brought to the Americas on slave ship during the 15th -16th century. Many people don’t know this, including the Moors (Indians), the majority of Africans (Moors or Indians) were already in the Americas, they were tricked into slavery.

Chief Black Hawk was chief of the Sauk (Sakh). His birth date is not known. The name Black Hawk is reminiscent of the Black Hawk or falcon of Kemetic tradition representing ‘Horus/Heru the resurrected son of Osiris, the ‘anointed one’. Black Hawk was born Maka-tai-me-she-kiah Mashiach is the Hebrew word for Messiah—literally means the "anointed as we can see this is a part of his name. His last public appearance was ironically July 4, 1837, a special day in ancient Moorish-Israelite [Egyptian] culture in respect to astronomical science. His attire in this painting is very ‘Moorish’ in tradition. Black Hawk was a terror for the whites in the 1800’s and is a part of a legacy of Black People who have been written off under ‘Red Indian History’ and disassociated from Black People as their lineal ancestors of which they are.

A statue of Chief Black Hawk

All one have to do is study, in order to see all of the similarities between the so-called Indians and African. The West Indian heritage, culture, customs, attire, language and way of life; completely resemble the Africans. This is not a coincidence, we are the same people; we are Moors. Some of us lived in the Americas, Asia, and on numerous Islands between every continent; while the rest of us were in Africa. We lived on all 4 corners of the earth, before the Caucasian even crawled out of the cages of Europe.

To the right is Mahaska another Chief with an Aramaic/Hebrew name. Mahaska means the one with man horns as the painting shows and it represented his chiefdom. He and his father were recorded to have been in 18 battles with the United States and never lost one. He and his father were allies of Black Hawk or Ma-ka-tai- me-she-kiah. He traveled with his father to Washington D.C. in 1824 to meet with President John Quincy Adams. The Secretary of state was Henry Clay. These two, Adams and Clay, were later ordered by Abdur-Rahmaan Ibn Hisham to release Abraham ibn Sori, The ‘Prince of the Slaves’ in 1828. Abraham had been touring all over the West speaking with these chiefs about the Laws that were being used to free Him under the Moorish status. In the 1840’s the government made many treaties with Native Americans and land deals in Oklahoma, Louisiana, and Kansas. John Quitman and Eliza Tunica the father and mother of Noble Drew Ali among many other family members were apart of these transactions and interactions (see: The Real Indian is the Negro aka the Blackamoor by an anonymous author, Page 11). {See: http://www.mamiwata.com/Moors.pdf}

Little Crow (left picture) Europeans did not have the brute strength to defeat the Moors (West Indians). They glorify their great white hope type heroes as idols. While deceiving the masses that their forefathers were honorable Generals with almighty combat skills, what they don’t tell you is that most of the military strategies that are being practice in the United State Army and other nations such as: China, Russia, France, and England were originally invented and introduced by Charka Zulu. Supposedly Napoleon was the greatest general ever lived. How could this be true if Napoleon and his expedition were chased into the Caribbean Sea by the Haitians, under the command of Toussaint Louverture? If Napoleon and the French Army were so might, they wouldn’t have had such a hard time conquering Haiti.

Toussaint Louverture According to an eyewitness accounts in a letter from William Pen, to the committee of the Free Society of Trades in 1683, which states as I quote: For their person, they are generally tall, straight, well – built, and of singular proportion; they tread strong and clever, and mostly walk with a lofty chin: our complexion, Black, but by design, as the Gypsies in England: They grease themselves with Bears – fat clarified, and using no defense against Sun or weather. Here a statement made by General Thomas Jessup in regards of the Moors (Black Indians): Throughout my operation I have found the “negroes” the most active and determined warriors; and during the conferences with the “Indian” Chiefs I ascertained they exercised an almost controlling influence over them… The “negroes” rule the “Indians”. Furthermore, there is another account of the Moors (Black Indians or Negroes) by William Katz: Many Indigenous Black Inhabitants began to flee from the western territory and sought refuge in Florida and further west to California and mingled with other indigenous populations. U.S Colonel Duncan Clinch lead an army into Florida to destroy the “Black Fort”, or “Fort Negro” (See: The Black West by William Katz). There are many statements and excerpts that are recorded by Europeans, stating that there were Blacks (moors) among the Native Americans (actual moors) in early America. Some moors were light skinned while others were of dark complexion, just like most of the Black People (Moorish People) around the earth. Thus, here is a statement in regards of the Moorish presence in early America or the so called New found land; this statement is from a report written by Colonel Clinch’s, which states as I quote: In the evening a deputation of chiefs went into Fort and demanded its surrender, but they were abused and treated with the utmost contempt. The Black chief heaped much abuse on the Americans, and said he had been left in command of the fort by the British Government and that he would sink any American Vessels that should attempt to pass it, and would blow up the Fort if he could not defend it. The Chiefs also informed me that the Negroes had a Red flag, and the English Jack was flying over it.

Moorish Flag (the red flag mention at Fort Negro)

Canons were in use at “Fort Negro”, it’s a well-known fact that canons were developed in North Africa and Spain by the Moors (so called West Indians and Negros). Around 1752 there were a so called French and Indians wars, between the Moors (Black Knight Templar) families and the Aboriginal Moors vs. British colonist and Great Britain. Then in 1776 the Sons of Tammy allied with the Moors to fight against the British Colonists and Great Britain some of the British colonist infiltrated the Moors and Sons of Liberty aka Sons of Tammy in order to overthrown the Moors. They were people like Thomas Jefferson, George Washington, Andrew Hamilton and Benjamin Franklin, that all participated.

The original all red flag with the Green five points star of America represent the Indigenous Moorish Empire, it also represented the same Islamic Empire in the East. Abu Bakr II (fl. 14th century) was the brother of Musa Mansa. Adu Bakr II had brought 400 ships with him to America in 1311 A.D… The Moorish original Islamic Flag was brought down by George Washington and was locked in a safe at the Independence Hall in Philadelphia. The flag was dismantled in 1816 at Fort Negro by Colonel Duncan Clinch and General Andrew Jackson.

Abu Bakr II (Explored the Atlantic Ocean in 1311)

When you break down the etymology of the West Indians (Native Americans) names you will discover that, either the prefix, root word and suffix; if not all combined, traces back to African names and languages. For Instance, Black Hawk name is reminiscent of the Kemetic Falcon (Ancient Egiptian Symbol), which represents Heru (Horus), who is the resurrected Son of Ausar (Osiris) – the anointed one.

A Blackman known as York son of Yusef bin Ali and a Native woman named Ceesonnenee was used by Merriweather Lewis and Lieutenant William Clark of the U.S Army, to be interpreters, and gather intelligence. Adam and Clay were order by Abdur-Rahmaan ibn Hisham to release Abraham ibn Sori (the Prince of slaves in 1828) Abraham had spoken to all the Chiefs about laws that were being used to free himself and others under Moorish Statues. In 1880 treaties were made with the Government and Natives as well as land deals in Oklahoma, Louisiana and Kansas. Eliza Tunica and John Quitman, the parents of Noble Drew Ali was one of those families involved in the treaties and land deals.

Noble Drew Ali

All Africans in America (Moors) were not direct descendants of West Africans slaves. Many of the so called Africans were already in the Americas, long before Christopher Columbus voyage to the Americas in 1492, and the transatlantic slave trade (1555 – 1863). 7 out of 10 Africans in America (Moors), could had been direct descendants of Indigenous Moors and not African Slaves, this is one of the untold secrets of the Moors. The Moors were the Masters of the West; they had ruled the western countries of Europe, Africa and the Americas. Rather the countries were Northwest, Southwest or Central West of the above mentioned continents; The Moors were Master of the Western part of these three continents from South Europe as far down to South America. We need to acknowledge all the western empires of the Moors; they have a whole legendary lineage of Conqueror in their bloodline. Starting from Sundiata (Grandfather of Mansa Musa), Mansa Musa (the King of Mali), Abu Bakr I, Abu Bakr II (who traveled to the early Americas), and Yusuf ibn Tachfin who is the cousin of Abu Bakr I; together they had conquered Ghana, with Abu Bakr I ruling the South, and Yusuf Tachfin ruled the North.

Yusuf Ibn Tachfin

Abu Bakr therefore decided that he must himself go south to restore order. Before setting out he handed over the command of the northern army to his cousin Yusef ibn Tachfin. The personal intervention of Abu Bakr quickly restored order, but he saw that unless an outlet could be found for the turbulent spirit of these desert nomads they would soon be at each other’s throats again. So, placing himself at their head, he led them against the pagan Soninke Negroes who were subject to the King of Ghana (See: The Golden Trade of the Moors, 2nd Edition, page 75 by E.W Bovill).

Yusuf ibn Tachfin reigned around 1061 – 1106 and was the King of the Almoravid Empire. After the battle of Zallaqa, Yusuf founded the city of Marrakech, which was a city located in Morocco during the time. Yusuf attended the Maliki school of thought, a school of Fiqh, a law within the Sunni Muslim. After the death of Yusuf brother Yahya ibn Ibrahim, Yusuf ibn Tachfin was appointed General.

When Abu Bakr returned unexpectedly from the South he found that his lieutenant had no intention of handing back the command of the army. With no alternative but to acquiesce, Abu Bakr formally relinquished the Maghrib to his cousin and discreetly withdrew into the desert. Yusuf, with none dispute his authority, now settled down to a career of conquest which was destined to bring him power and fame transcending his most ambiguous dreams (See: The Golden Trade of the Moors, 2nd Edition, page 75 by E.W Bovill).

The overthrow of Ghana was an ambition cherished by every member of the sect and a project which Abu Bakr must have had in mind when in 1062 he handed over the northern army to Yusef and returned to the desert. But it was not till fourteen years later that he the captured Kumbi (See: The Golden Trade of the Moors, 2nd Edition, page 84 by E.W Bovill). Abu Bakr I and Yusuf ibn Tachfin were co-partners in the takeover of Ghana. The relationship of these two individuals is similar to the relationship of Mansa Musa and General Tarik ibn Ziyad, association in the takeover of Spain.

Many scholars are confused about the exact date when, General Tarik had invaded and conquered Southwestern Europe, particularly Spain. Some say General Tarik conquered Spain in 710 A.D, but others claim that it was in 711 A.D…. What is the cause of this confusion? The origin of this confusion is caused by some scholars and historians, mistaking General Tarik with Tarif. As you can see the spelling of these two names mentioned in the sentence previous to this sentence are similar, the only distinction between these two names are the last letters in each of the two names; for instance, Tarik (K) and Tarif (R), other than the K and The R, all of the other letters of these two names are exactly the same. Tarif had raided Europe in 710 A.D, the following year, 711 A.D; General Tarik had invaded Europe, while beginning his conquest of Spain. Here goes a couple of accounts to validate this statement of mines, as followed: Khalif at Damascus, to ask for instructions, and meantime contented himself with sending a small body of five hundred men, under Tarīf, in 710, to make a raid, in Julian's four ships, upon the coast of Andalusia. The Arabs had not yet become used to the navigation of the Mediterranean, and Mūsa was unwilling to expose more than an insignificant part of his army to the perils of the deep. Tarīf returned in July, having successfully accomplished his mission. He had landed at the place which still bears his name, Tarīfa (See: The Moors in Spain by, Stanley Lane-Poole, page 13).

One of the biggest mistakes that lots of people are making is taking their first source of exposed information, of whatever the subject matter might be, as face value. I challenge everyone to investigate all of the citations that I have noted in this article. Also, I challenge you the seeking more than one validated source in regards of the Moors. One of the worst things people do is, only committing themselves to seek information from a community of Hearsay. Always do your homework before accepting anything as truth. There scholars and historians who had made simple mistakes, and because of this, people had discarded all of their information as falsehood. You’ll also find other scholars that have had presented flawless accounts and evidence, while other scholars documents are filled with complete falsehood and very little truth, that might come along with it; Just as Dr. York said, “Don’t believe me, check it out”.

Dr Ivan Van Sertima: One of the Greatest Scholars of Moorish History in early Europe & the Americas

I will now reference the second account in regards of General Tarik Ibn Ziyad invasion of Spain, some spell General Tarik with a Q at the end, i.e. Tariq; this is another reason why some historians and scholar mistake General Tarik or Tariq, for Tarif. The last previous account or citation, was about the raid of Spain by Tarif, under the order of the Khalif of Damascus in 710 A.D; this account will be about the Moors invasion into Spain by the order of Mansa Musa and under the Command of General Tarik in 711 A.D, which states as I quote: Mūsa dispatched one of his generals, the Moor Tārik, with 7,000 troops, most of whom were also Moors, to make another raid upon Andalusia. The raid carried him further than he expected. Tārik landed at the lion's rock, which has ever since borne his name, GebalTarik, Gibraltar, and after capturing Carteya, advanced inland. He had not proceeded far when he perceived the whole force of the Goths under Roderick advancing to encounter him. The two armies met on the banks of a little river, called by the Saracens the Wady Bekka, near the Guadalete, which runs into the Straits by Cape Trafalgar (See: The Moors in Spain by, Stanley Lane-Poole, page 13-14).

Although General Tarik had become the King of Spain, he was under the hierarchy of Mansa Musa. Nearly all of West Africa was under the control and influence of Mansa Musa during this time. The Sudanese Empire was also under the control of Mansa Musa. When General Tarik ibn Ziyad was order to invade Spain under Mansa Musa command, Musa had no idea how much control General Tarik would later have over the region. Mansa Musa was starting to realize the great success and influence that General Tarik was having, and because if this, Musa has become furiously jealous.

What remained to be done towards the pacification of Spain was effected by Musa, who, when he heard of Tarik continued career of success, sailed in all haste across the straits, followed by his Arab, to take his full share of the glory. He crossed in the summer of 712 with eighteen thousand men, and, after reducing Carmona, Seville, and Merida, joined Tarik at Toledo. The meeting between the conqueror and his superior officer was not friendly. Tārik went forth to receive the governor of the West with all honor, but Mūsa struck him with a whip, overwhelmed him with reprimands for exceeding his instructions, and, declaring that it was impossible to entrust the safety of the Moslems to such rash and impetuous leading, threw him into prison. When this act of jealous tyranny came to the ears of the Khalif Welīd he summoned Mūsa to Damascus, and restored Tārik to his command in Spain (See: The Moors in Spain by, Stanley Lane-Poole, page 27-28).

Mansa Musa

I noticed that when some people study history, they don’t go to the origins of the matter, before working their way up to the presence. It seems as if when some people study pass events they only start from the highlighted occurrence that has the most influence out the whole chronological timeline. Then there people who only gather information from a community of hearsay, most of these people don’t even take time to completes at least a book in regards of the subject matter. Then there people who only read one book on whatever the subject matter might be, while assuming that the information they read in a single book or Article is sufficient enough for them to know all that need to be known in regards of the subject matter. Finally, there people who only study, investigate and seek leads from just a single book or source of the subject matter. How many people who does acknowledge the Moors conquest of Spain, know that, Mansa Musa was one of the leading causes of the Moors conquest over Europe? Most people believe this event had occurred from an idea stemming from General Tarik; some people are still unsure if Tarik invaded Spain in the exact year of 711 A.D…. Most people are still confuse between rather the year was 710 A.D or 711 A.D and I already explained this confusion.

You probably have heard of the old saying, “What goes around comes around”. Before Europeans enslaved West Africans (Moors) and conquered West Indians (American Moors), the Europeans themselves were enslaved and conquered by the Moors. We are paying a karmic debt, due to the deeds of our forefathers. Even during Slavery in North America (1555), there was more European Slaves in North Africa, then African slaves in North America, during the Trans-Atlantic slave trade. The Moors of Algeria, located in a country next door to Morocco in Northwest Africa, was transporting slaves from Europe and Maybe even parts of the Asia continent to Algeria, West Africa. If you would visit Morocco and Algeria, which are two countries on the African continent, you’ll discover that, a large population of non- Africans people living in those countries today, resembles the non- African population in Libya and Cairo, Egypt. Where did some of these people come from; how did they get there? Some of these people of non-African descent living in Algeria today are descendants of European Slaves.

The force he employed to sustain the central power was a large standing army, at the head of which stood his select body – guard of slavs, or purchased foreigners. They were originally composed chiefly of men of slavonian nationality, but came by degrees to include Franks, Galicians, Lombards, and all sorts of people, who were brought to Spain by Greeks and Venetian traders, and sold while still children to the Sultan, to be educated as Moslems. Many of them were highly cultivated men, and naturally attached to their master. They resembled in many respects the corps of Mamluks which Saladin’s successors introduced into Egypt as a body- guard, and which subsequently attained such renown as Sultans of Egypt and Syria. Like that body of purchased Turkish and Circassian slaves, they had their own Slaves under them, were granted estate by the Sultan and formed a sort of feudal retainers, prepared to serve their lord at the head of their own followers whenever he might call upon them, like the Egyptian Mamluks, too, they came after a while to such a pitch of influence that they took advantage of the decay of the central power, which followed upon the death of Abd- er – Rahman III, and his successor, to found independent dynasties for themselves, and the contribute to the final overthrow of the Moslem domination in Spain. With the aid of his “Slavs,” the Sultan not only banished brigandage and rebellion from Spain, but waged war with the Christians of the north with brilliant success. The Mohammedan realm was menaced by more dangers than those of internal anarchy. It was pressed between two threatening and warlike kingdoms, each of which required to be kept in watchful check. To south the newly founded empire of the Fatimite Khalifs in North Africa was a standing menace. It was natural that the Arabs before them had used Africa as a stepping stone to Spain; the traditional policy of the African dynasties was to compass, if possible, the annexation of the fairs provinces of Andalusia. It was only by skillfully working upon the sectarian schisms, and consequent insurrections, which divided the Berbers of Africa (See: The Moors in Spain by, Stanley Lane-Poole, page 114-115). Today the capital of Spain is Madrid. During the Golden Ages, when the Moors had ruled Spain, the capital of Spain was Cordova. The great city of Cordova was the primary settlement of the Moors. It was the capital of Cordova, where the Moors had made some of the most profound contributions to Spain, such as: Mathematics, Science, Poetry, and Music. Cordova was the Timbuktu of Mali; you could say that the educational institutions of Cordova were an extension of Timbuktu, since it was the Moors who had established the University of Timbuktu.

The University of Timbuktu in Mali, West Africa

students would come from all parts of Europe to study under her famous doctors, and even the nun Hroswitha, far away in her Saxon convent of Gaudersheim, when she told of the martyrdom of St . Eulogius, could not refrain from singing the praise of Cordova, " the brightest splendor of the world." Every branch of science was seriously studied there, and medicine received more and great eradiation by the discoveries of the doctor and surgeons of Andalusia than it had gained during all the centuries that had elapsed since the days of Gal en. Albucasis (or Abu-l -Kāsim Khalaf, to give him his proper name) was a notable surgeon of the eleventh century, and some of his operations coincided with the present practice. Avenzoar (Ibn Zohr) a little later made numerous important medical and surgical discoveries. Ibn Beytar, the botanist, travelled all over the East to find medicinal herbs, on which he wrote an exhaustive treatise; and Averroes, the philosopher, formed the chief link in the chain which connects the philosophy of ancient Greece with that of medieval Europe. Astronomy, geography, chemistry, natural history—al l were studied with ardour at Cordova; and as for the graces of literature, there never was a time in Europe when poetry became so much the speech of everybody, when people of all ranks composed those Arabic verses (See: The Moors in Spain by, Stanley Lane-Poole, page 144-147).

European Sex Slaves in Spain

Jewelries such as necklace, earrings and bracelets were worn by so called African before any other ethnic groups embraced these precious jewels. The Moor in Europe had introduced earrings to the Europeans. Read the fabulous works of J.A Rogers and Dr. Ivan Van Sertima for more profound information in regards of the Moorish contribution and influence of the earrings in Europe. There are even pictures of Moors wearing earrings in their ears and noses in North America (See: Picture on Page 8). Many of the descendants of West African Moors, who were residing in Spain, worn earrings, you could view the images of the Moors with earrings in their ears from books written by the authors J.A Rogers and Dr. Ivan Van Sertima. These arts were no doubt imported from the East, but the Moorish workmen became apt pupils of their Byzantine, Persian, and Egyptian masters. In jewellery an interesting relic of the son of the Great Khalif is preserved on the high altar of the cathedral of Gerona; it is a casket, plated with silver gilt, and adorned with pearls, bearing an Arabic inscription invoking blessings upon the Prince of the Faithful, Hakam II (See: The Moors in Spain by, Stanley Lane-Poole, page 144-147).

Since Mansa Musa name is mention a lot throughout this Article, allow me to give you a brief bio of this incredible person. Mansa Musa of Mali, West Africa was the Grandson son of Sundiata. The father of Sundiata was Maghan Kon Fatta. Sundiata father had three boys and three girls, a total of six children, he also have had three wives. His first wife was Sassouma Berete, his second wife was Sogolan Kedjou and his third wife was Namandje. Mansa Musa was one of the wealthiest Kings that had ever lived. During his hajj to Mecca, Musa took more than 500 servants with him, each one of them carrying a staff of solid gold. Musa ruled the Malian Empire and also controlled the formerly Ghana Empire. Mansa Musa was born in 1280 A.D.; he was the predecessor of Abu Bakr II. Musa ruled the Malian Empire from 1312 – 1337 A.D., a 25 year long reign. Mansa Musa died in 1337, the cause of his death is a debatable issue among Scholars, and therefore the exact cause of Musa death is unknown.

Sundiata, the Grandfather of Mansa Musa

Moors in New Spain (Mexico) Although, there are many documented evidences from early European settlers, authors and United States presidents such as George Washington, all confirming the presence of indigenous Moors in North America; still some scholars failed to investigate one of the most profound places that contains archaeological evidence of Moorish early presence in the Americas, this place is Mexico (New Spain). Of course there scholars that had mention about the Olmec stone heads found in San Lorenzo, Mexico. Scholars had also mentioned about the Pyramids found in Mexico that are believed to have been designed and architected by Moors. One of the main pieces of the puzzle that’s missing about Moors presence in early America, is that, there still dark-skinned, kinky hair and broad nose Moorish people living in New Spain (Mexico) today. The Olmec Stone heads and Pyramids found in Mexico are obviously archaeological evidence of early African existence that was Pre-Columbus. One of the earliest European to Visits Mexico was Juan Cabrillo, and he didn’t just come with European, mulatto Moors were on that ship with Juan Cabrillo as well. One of the Moors that were on those ships heading to Mexico (New Spain) was a man who went by the name Estevanico. It was Estevanico who originally founded Texas, New Mexico and Arizona. Most if not all of the former states of Mexico, which are now apart the United State territories was discovered by Estevanico.

Estevanico

Generated a surge in outside visits to local Costa Chican communities; government-sponsored recuperation projects, particularly around the reconstruction of what some claim to be African styled wattle-and-daub round houses (redondos) built by African-descent Mexicans from the colonial period until the 1960s; a revival of what some claim to be the African-inspired music known as sones de artesa (Black Mexico, edited by, Ben Vinson III and Matthew Restall, page 186). Costa Chican, Mexico is just one of many cities in Mexico that has an African presence; Yoruba, Mexico and Mexico City have a history of Moorish or African presence. As time goes on, the Afro-centric features of the Moors living in Mexico has started to diminish gradually, because of interracial intercourse with non-African people, such as the Spaniards. Four out of ten Mexicans are mixed with so called African, some of the psychical traits are very noticeable and some are unnoticeable. I used to live in Mexico, in the early 2000’s, while living there, I seen many Dark-skinned Mexicans, as I travel through Mexico. The Mexicans had explained to me how the United States of America makes it nearly impossible for them (the Darkskinned Mexican) to enter the United States.

African styled wattle-and-daub in Mexico, Known as Redondos

Afro-Mexicans in the nation’s history, La poblacion negra emphasized assimilation and hybridity, noting that the colonial Mexican caste system and its abolition during the independence era created superb circumstances for racial mixture. Apart from a few isolated regional pockets, Aguirre Beltran wrote that Afro-Mexicans had eagerly and spontaneously blended into the broader national population by the early years of independence (Black Mexico, edited by, Ben Vinson III and Matthew Restall, page 5). Most of the Moors in Mexico unacknowledged themselves as being Blacks or Africans; there are two reason why they deny themselves as being Black, the first reason is, the Moors in Mexico see themselves as being indigenous to Mexico and the second reason is that, for many centuries in Mexico, there hasn’t been a social of political option for one to classify themselves as being black, therefore they identified themselves as Mestizos or Indians, if not Mexicans. Historically, the Spaniards had suppressed the public from acknowledging the indigenous “so called African” presence in Mexico.

Moors in Mexico

Two Portuguese merchants who spoke “the language of Angola” overheard an unidentified slave woman complaining about the abuse suffered by another slave. They reported having overheard her say that a plan was afoot for the blacks and mulattos to take control of the city and massacre the Spanish during Holy Week. This testimony was corroborated by two more witnesses who overheard similar discussions by slave about the uprising. The Audiencia responded to these reports by suspending Holy Week processions and closing churches in Mexico City and its environs on Holy Thursday (Black Mexico, edited by, Ben Vinson III and Matthew Restall, page 29).

As in the case from the account above, there could be a possibility that there was enslaved Moor in Mexico, as there was enslave Moors in North America and the Caribbean. Although it not a portion of history that many acknowledge, doesn’t mean that such an event hasn’t actually occurred. It could be possible that, if there was slavery of African people in Mexico, then they was probably tricked into slavery like some of the indigenous Moors of North America, after being deceived that they were shipped into the country from West Africa. The purpose of convincing indigenous Moors that they all were former slaves, is to devoid them from their indigenous sovereignty, so that the Europeans could control the lands of the indigenous Moors.

El Yanga, an African Statue in Mexico

The enslaved and free blacks and mulattos of Mexico City never did rise in rebellion. Examining the insurrectionary activities of the Yanguicos alongside the reported conspiracy in Mexico City speaks volumes about slavery in early New Spain, while illuminating the limitations faced by historians interested in the motivations for the causes of slave rebellion. First, the reactions of colonial authorities to these rebellions underscore the general fear among the Spanish of the growing Afro-Mexican population (Black Mexico, edited by, Ben Vinson III and Matthew Restall, page 29).

Have you wondered how the Africans in Mexico so called New Spain arrived there? There documented evidence of slavery in Mexico but, when the story of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade is mention, Mexico is excluded. Now there a flip side to this statement and before I further explain this thesis allow me to ask you a question; Is Mexico excluded from the story of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade as a form of suppression?...rather your answer is yes or no, both answers could be debatable. Allow me to explain, first of all, it’s a well known fact that there Olmec stones heads that resemble the features of African people found in Mexico, that are over 3,000 years old. It wasn’t 3,000 years ago since the first Caucasian arrived in America, it haven’t even been a thousand years ago. Obviously, the Africans in Mexico had already been there before the first arrival of the Caucasian, to the so called New World. When you look at the facial feature of these Olmec stone heads found in Mexico, you would be a fool to say they don’t have Negroid facial features. Second of all, it could be a Great debatable assumption to assume that, the Spaniards did enslaved Africans in Mexico, since New Spain (Mexico) was a part of the Spanish Empire.

Olmec Stone head, found in Mexico

Based on the evidence of the Olmec stone heads found in Mexico, it would make perfect sense to agree that, the Moors (Africans), were either indigenous to Mexico or they had migrated to Mexico thousands of years before the Europeans. There a plentiful amount of evidence that confirm the Moors presence in Mexico. The 3rd president of Mexico José María Bocanegra was a mulatto and the last governor of governor of Alta California (former state of Mexico) was Pio Pico (May 5, 1801 – September 11, 1894) Pio Pico was of African descent, he is the man who sold California to the United States of America. If you check the historical records of workers in Mexico, you’ll discover that many of them were Moors.

Pio Pico

Ok so there are statues of Olmec heads and an African known as El Yanga; the Olmec heads could be used to justify an indigenous presence of the Moors, while El Yanga could be used to justify that slavery might had exist in Mexico. Regardless if one of these claims is false or if they’re both true; the bottom line is this, there are Moors in Mexico. When most people think of Mexico, they don’t picture images of Black people living there. Mexico is the next door neighbor of the United States, and people are unaware of the entire family members that are living in the house next door to them, metaphorically speaking. This goes on to show how ignorant people are in the United States, with all these foreigners in North America; you mean to tell me the Majority of Americans isn’t bilingual? When a person loses knowledge of themselves, they lose the roots of their family tree as well.

Of the 400,000 persons counted in Guanajuato’s 1792 provincial census, over 72,000 (18 percent) were mulattos. In the city proper, mulattoes numbered as many as seven thousand individuals, or 22 percent of the urban population (Black Mexico, edited by, Ben Vinson III and Matthew Restall, page 119-120). People in Central and South America view the term mulatto differently from us in North America. Mulatto is not even a popular term in North America; we might only view a very light-skinned biracial individual who has a Black and a White parent, as a mulatto. In Central and South America, you may be consider a mulatto if you’re not an extremely dark-skinned African with 100% pure African blood running in your veins, you could be brown skinned with Africa features and will still be considered a mulatto. It was 72,000 mulattoes (Moors) in the city of Guanajuato’s in Mexico, which had a population of 400,000. Most African-Americans would be considered as mulattoes in South America, just because of the Caucasian blood that runs through some of our veins. Therefore, what was referred to as Mulattoes in the city of Guanajuato, would probably be referred to as Blacks in the United States, and let not forget that, a lot of Moors were considered as Mestizo and Indians in Guanajuato, Mexico so the number could have been larger than 72,000.

Diego Velázquez, a Mulatto

Black losses were most likely attributable to their being rapidly absorbed by other racial groups – at least in the official record. In other words, changes in the racial criteria used by government census takers may have been the real reason why, almost overnight, individuals who were once deemed mulattoes were now reclassified as mestizos (Black Mexico, edited by, Ben Vinson III and Matthew Restall, page 120). Many of the Moors in Mexico denied being black, they reclassified themselves as being a part of other ethnic groups. We many never know how many African Moors that had resided in Mexico historically or how many resides there presently. The Mexican governments are currently assisting the Moors in Mexico with this declassification; they refuse to classify them as Negroid. When the Spaniard controlled and ruled Mexico, they try their best to suppress the image of the Moors in Mexico.

In Queretaro, free colored formed nearly 20 percent of the non-Indian, male textile workforce. As in Guanajuato’s mining sector, these figures significantly exceeded their representation in the city’s population, with nearly four out of every ten black males working in textiles. In the larger factories, free colored worked in almost every aspect of the industry, although mainly as weavers, workers, and spinners (Black Mexico, edited by, Ben Vinson III and Matthew Restall, page 120). In the above excerpt, free blacks are mentioned. You may assume that since these blacks are referred to as free, they were once slaves. They could have been indigenous residence of Mexico and was never enslaved. These so called free Blacks had made contributions to Mexico economic system. The so called free black was responsible for the early mining in Mexico, which became a great enhancement to Mexico wealth. Not only were the Moors manufacturing coarse cotton clothes as employees, they also owned their own cottage factories. Weaving was also a profitable industry in Mexico, and you should already know that weaving was practices in Africa, centuries before the Europeans knew the Americas even exist.

A Moorish girl in Mexico

Black and their casta (racially mixed) progeny probably settled in nearly all of the indigenous villages in central Mexico. Marginalized and often enslaved, they faced disempowerment at the hands of white masters and authorities in Spanish zones of power; slavery, racism, and legally institutionalized discrimination restricted black opportunity. Native communities provided a potential escape from such limiting conditions and the possibility for increased socioeconomic status. They also offered the likelihood of female companionship, an important consideration during the first century of contact when male African slaves outnumbered females by a ratio of as much as three to one. Runaway slaves either spirited indigenous women away to their palenques (hideouts), or sought refuge in the villages of their Indian wives’ families (Black Mexico, edited by, Ben Vinson III and Matthew Restall, page 73). What would a slave from Africa be doing in an indigenous village, where he already have had wives and children, if he came from Africa before runaway from slavery? Maybe these slaves was never brought from Africa, they could have been indigenous Moors that were tricked into slavery like the Moors in North America.

Spaniards is labeled a black or casta that lived among and behave like Nahuas, Totonacs, Mexica, or other indigenous peoples a “natural,” a label they normal reserved to designated someone as native to a place. Spanish officials with little or no personal contact with native villages probably failed to distinguish between indigenous village dwellers and ethnically indigenous black and black casta naturales living within indigenous communities (Black Mexico, edited by, Ben Vinson III and Matthew Restall, page 74). Blacks, Africans or Moors; were acknowledge as indigenous people living in Mexico. In regard of the account above, the Spaniards couldn’t tell the difference between the so called Africans and the Indigenous people living in Mexico. Even though, there were Africans who traveled to Mexico before Christopher Columbus, there was also so called Africans that were already living in the Americas, including Mexico which is a part of the America. Although, some of the Moors in Mexico was transported from Africa to Mexico by the Spaniards as slaves, doesn’t mean that there wasn’t any indigenous and immigrant moors already living in Mexico before the Spaniards transport some of the Moors (West Africans) into Mexico.

From 1645 to 1793, they crossed racial lines in choosing marriage partners at twice the rate of whites and indigenous residents. In Spanish-controlled urban centers blacks chose Indian marriage partners as often as they chose white mates. In the countryside where indigenous peoples numerically dominated they must have united with them at a much higher frequency. What else could explain so rapid an increase in the casta population? Cordoba’s slave population by 1777 was overwhelmingly racially mixed because of the district’s early eighteenth-century retreat from participation in the Atlantic slave trade. This fact, plus the high rate of black/indigenous miscegenation, increases the likelihood that these racially unidentified individuals in the census were black castas. A late colonial land dispute provides an even more likely example of Spaniards’ failure to note blacks’ presence in indigenous settlements (Black Mexico, edited by, Ben Vinson III and Matthew Restall, page 77).

Why did Spanish census and ecclesiastical records fail to mention the black residents of village like San Pedro churumuco and San Agustin coahuayutla? The probable answer is that living like natives in these indigenous pueblos, the blacks failed to attract the notice of white records keepers (Black Mexico, edited by, Ben Vinson III and Matthew Restall, page 78).

The Spaniards knew there were indigenous Moors (Africans) already living in Mexico, prior to their arrival. West Indians and West Africans are both from the same bloodline, the political distinguish between the dark and light skinned Moors maintain the power statues of the conqueror. The separation between of dark and light skinned Moors (West Africans and West Indians), keeps the conquerors successful at controlling the indigenous lands of the Moorish people across the Americas.

There were Kufic scripts found in North America dating back to the 700s. Also there many accounts made by Europeans that mention about the dark skinned Ethiopian type Indio in the Americas before their arrival. Abu Bakr II had traveled to North America in 1311 A.D. with approximately 400 ships. How much evidence does one need in order to realize that Moors were here before Europeans brought West Africans (Moors) to the Americas as Chattel Slaves. I even showed the relationship that Mansa Musa and his relatives Abu Bakr I and Abu Bakr II have had with the Moors of Morocco. Since the Moors were in Spain before the Spaniards travelled the so called New World; what would make one assume that, the Moors didn’t participate in directing the Europeans to the Americas?...I also presented evidence of the Spaniards trying to suppress the Moors identity in Mexico. The Olmec stone heads alone is enough to prove that Moors (Africans) was in Mexico before Columbus. I’ve presented evidence that had been revealed decades ago, and people are still confused about the Moorish presence in Africa, early Europe and the early Americas. It goes to show how inert people are towards the truth; many want to remain blind and ignorant to the Actual facts. I hope you’ve enjoyed this Article; there is more information to come, in regards of this topic.

In conclusion, I ‘am going to present the beautiful and powerful words of the Noblest and Most Honorable Dr. Malachi Z. York, these words alone will cover most of the information presented in this article, which states as I quote: So-called Asian who sailed over to these shores America settled here under Hu-Shen in the year 459 A.D. and these Asians from China mixed in with the Africans who sailed here long before from Egipt and even later with Abu Bakri in 1311 A.D. There is no such thing as a Caucasian American or Chinese American nor Indian Americans now called American Indians by any tribal names. They sailed to these shores under a man named Hu-Shen from Xi China. In the 4th century some Chinese descendants of the Teros came who were looking for more land. They came over here under Hsu Shen of the Shang Dynasty who were mixed in by now to the Shores of America during an exploration in 459 A.D. These Teros came into California and bumped into the Olmec, they lived and mixed amongst each other and produced what became known as the Native Americans or the socalled American Indians. The Olmecians gave them the lower land South America which became known as Amexem which came from the word Hexian, which is just another name for Hsu Shen (Ho Shen) This is why most so-called American Indians look like Asians (Mongoloids). Because that’s what and who they are this has been proven by DNA testing. Other look like East Indians or those from the southeast called India for the same reason migration to these lands and mixing in with the Olmecs to become American Indians. So in fact, Europeans came to this land and mixed in, Europeans of Spain and Wiccans, Celtics. As well as Chinese and Indians came to this land and mixed in with the original Africans. Asian or Mongoloids sailed Eastward to these Shores and African or Negroids sailed

Westward to these Shores. In time, these Africans who had been converted to the Arab religion called Al Islaam became Muslims in Mali and spoke a form of Arabic and you can find records of Arabic manuscripts found here as well as Egiptian scripts hidden from you in the Grand Canyon by Nysutet: Maat Kaa RE, Queen: Makeda also called Hat.Shaep.Sutukh (Hatshepsut) who would vacation here herself. The people were under a commander called in Arabic AMER. The root letters is A M R or AMER command. So the African Muslims who came here were known as AMERS.

AMEYR=AMER

And the Asians became known as the INCA, INKA. Tribe of North American Indians or Native Americans. What they don’t tell you is the meaning behind this name:

AMERICA AMERICAN AMERICANIZE AMESLAN

When you put the two together you get the real true meaning: The Negroids AMERS and the Mongoloid’s INCAS gave the name AMERICA and before the Negroid Muslims from Africa’s Mali you had Olmecs or Al-Malak “the owners” (See: Is Egiptian Ontology or Mythology?, Actual Fact #30,page 9-11 by, Dr. York).

©Amun Tehuti-shil Yashua 1/4/13

Noblest and Most Honorable Dr. Malachi Z. York