The Stapedial Reflex

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

15

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

16

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

17

Refleks akustik akan hilang ketika sebuah probe ditempatkan di telinga dengan gangguan telinga tengah. Hal ini disebabkan bahwa gangguan telinga tengah biasanya mencegah probe dari pengukuran perubahan sesuai ketika kontrak otot stapedius. Oleh karena itu refleks akan hilang bahkan dalam kasus gangguan pendengaran konduktif ringan. Pada kehadiran timpanogram Tipe C, tergantung pada tingkat tekanan negatif di telinga tengah, refleks dapat berupa ada atau tidak ada. Jika refleks akustik terdapar di telinga probe, tidak mungkin bahwa gangguan pendengaran konduktif ada, kecuali dalam kasus langka Superior Semicircular Canal

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

18

2.4.2 Gangguan Pendengaran Koklea Dalam telinga dengan gangguan pendengaran koklea, mungkin refleks akustik  akan ditimbulkan pada tingkat sensasi (SL) kurang dari 60dB. SL merupakan hal yang berbeda antara ART dan ambang pendengaran. Sebagai contoh, jika ambang pendengaran pada 1kHz adalah 50dBHL dan ART 90dBHL, tingkat sensasi adalah 40dBSL. Ketika SL kurang dari 60dB, maka tes Metz positif diindikasikan. Hal ini menunjukkan koklea sebagai letak lesi (tuli sensorineural) karena fenomena

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

19

2.4.3 Gangguan pendengaran Retrocochlear ART pada telinga dengan patologi retrocochlear (N.VII) biasanya tinggi diatas daripada untuk pendengaran normal atau gangguan pendengaran koklea. Seringkali tidak hadir pada tingkat stimulus maksimal. Perlu diingat bahwa hasil ART harus dianalisis dalam kombinasi dengan riwayat kasus pasien, audiogram, bicara dan temuan timpanometri untuk diagnosis banding.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

20

2.4.4 Lesi pada Nervus Vestibulokoklearis (N. VIII) Lesi pada nervus VIII dapat menghilangkan reflek akustik ipsilateral dan kontralateral apabila telinga yang mengalami gangguan yang distimulasi. Sebaliknya, reflek akustik ipsilateral dan kontralateral akan muncul apabila telinga yang normal distimulasi. Pada keadaan patologis yang mengenai ‘central crossed pathway’, reflek  terjadi pada kedua kondisi ipsilateral, tetapi tidak muncul pada kedua kondisi 13

kontralateral .

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

21

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

22

14

rendah . Ketika hasil ini merupakan variabel pasien, kerusakan pada respon untuk 

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

BAB III

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

The world’s largest digital library

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.

25

12. Standring, Susan. 2005. Gray’s Anatomy –  The Anatomical Basis of Clinical