the relationship between music and architecture.pdf

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN MSC PROGRAMME YEAR 2013 STUDIO PROJECT

U NDER THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUSIC &

ARCHITECTURE

(ABSTRACT VIEW)

PRESENTED BY : ABDAA ABDELHAMIED MOHAMMED AHMED SUPERVISED BY : DR. SIEF ALDEEN SADIG HASSAN

UNDER THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUSIC AND ARCHITECTURE

PRESENTED BY : ABDAA ABDELHAMIED MOHAMMED AHMED

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN MSC PROGRAMME YEAR 2013 STUDIO PROJECT

SUPERVISED BY : DR. SIEF ALDEEN SADIG HASSAN

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Introduction :

Music and architecture are similar in the way that they are the only arts that surround you all. Just like music, architecture has this ability that music has to surround you all and to take you through different sen-

sations, a piece of architecture makes you experience a series of emotions; it puts you in a journey. “Architecture is frozen music. Really there is something in this; the tone of mind produced by architecture approaches the effect of music.” - said J.W. von Goethe. Architecture could be frozen music since architecture generates a journey in time, just as music does. Although architecture also generates a journey in the space that it creates. Architecture contrasts with music’s volatile component as well, for the former has to be materialized (built) in order to be experienced, and remains through time. Music, on the other hand is as ephemeral as a musical note lasts

Abstract: Different art branches meet in many fields. Words &sentences

of art are similar as regards harmonic elements, unity & rhythm. this study will focus on those fields which make the architecture meets the music arts, and how each art is affecting the others. There has been a tremendous development in architectural concepts. In the past, we had obtained a complete symphony through the architectural works. Presently, we invent flexible, dynamic architectural models by integrating music wave frequencies using computer simulation programs orby de-constructing forms into free separate pixels. First of all, let us explain that the art of music shows an interaction between the taste and sensitive affections of both the composer and the listener.

Definitions:

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` usic can be defined as: an emotion case affecting one person who uses his talent to translate it to a musical art. Art of music consists of: A- Composer: is a person who produces a valuable work as specified byhis sense, type of dominating emotion and his natural talent.

Objectives of the project : A-Designer B-User C- Architectural work

The project is about there are big similarties between the music and architecture in so diffrent aspects such as : .

If we recognize the literal meaning of architecture, we will find that, the Arch same emotion case as in music- affect a person who uses his talents toBalance Also architecture couldn’t be built if it wasn’t for its notation Colour means [construction documents]. This form of notation creates a speComposition cial language that architects and builders share in order to make archiContrast tecture possible. In music, a similar condition happens. Music needs Density both composer and performer to understand this specific language Depth [music notation] in order for music to exist. Development Dynamics Energy Project Theme : TECTONICS Flow

Methodology:

A review of literatures supporting or critiquing this method of approach is examined.Also the transmission of the music into graphes and the graphes are turned into architectural elemnts such as edges , voulmes, clusters,open spaces and axis is used.

B- Listener: is a person who listens to the musical work and receives the composer’s message. Each listener has a different aural sense, thus the sound tone, its purity, its instrument type and the musical hall…

The approch of the project :

C- Musical work: is a sonic existence that comes out through a singleinstrument or more. It contains melodies and wave frequencies carrying thecomposer’s sentimental feelings. This work contains a mixture relating to rhythm, harmony, unity and variety.

`The project will focus on : 1. Creativity using music notes . 2. Technology and graphics. 3.The outcome od the project . 4. Applying this theme on every aspects of art such as architecture ,painting and photography .

The comparison between architecture & music will reveal that, the architectural design process has the same components & elements, which areconsisting of:

Form Function Genre Harmony Height Line Minimalism Movement Ornamentation Pattern

Phrase Pitch Process Proportion Repetition Rhythm Sequence Space Structure Style Symbol Texture

Theme Transparency Unity Volume

Rhythm in music is patterns of sounds in relation to a beat; repetition of elements - openings, shapes, structural bays- establish regular or irregular rhythm in architecture. Musical texture refers to layers of sounds and rhythms produced by different instruments. Architectural texture appears in different materials. Harmony is balance of sound or composition and balance of parts together. Proportion is relationship between parts; in music it is distance between notes or intervals. Dynamics is the quality of action in music or in a building’s facade or mass

Key words : Music, architecture , elements, bach , axis ,clusters, volumes, notations ,graphes, abda

“The fundamental phenomenon of sound is its development in time. Architecture is basically static; time is introduced through changes in daylight, periods of different intensity of noise and above all, through the movement of people. Sound-architecture is in its essence an event of temporal development. Space is developed gradually in time. But it is not a space, it is a constant sequence of spaces”. B e r nard Leitner (SOUND:SPACE)

UNDER THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUSIC AND ARCHITECTURE

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN MSC PROGRAMME YEAR 2013 STUDIO PROJECT

PRESENTED BY : ABDAA ABDELHAMIED MOHAMMED AHMED SUPERVISED BY : DR. SIEF ALDEEN SADIG HASSAN

INTERNATIONANAL EXAMPLES Example One : Philips Pavilion, 1958 Le Corbusier; Iannis Xenakis The pavilion is a cluster of nine hyperbolic paraboloid in which music, Edgar Varèse’s Poème électronique, was spatialized by sound projectionists using telephone dials

Example Two : Busan Opera House in South Korea Christoph Klemmt A direct physical representation of a musical composition he created for the piano is basically music, frozen in physical space. “The design is based on a simple strip morphology instead of a twelve tone row, which creates the facade, structure and rhythm within itself, its repetition happening in space instead of time. Layers of the strips form the façade structure, and the shifting and alteration of these patterns results in the formation of complex architectural rhythms used to control the light, view and shading properties of the façade

2 Example Three : Experience Music Project, Seattle, Washington,U.S.A Frank O. Gehry & Associates, Inc. The forms were created in tremindous harmony as an orcestra played by several instruments. The outer surfaces reflect music symphony played throurh specific organization of the architectural elements as in musical note. The design explained an individual experience for each user by walking into the museum spaces,listening and learning each instrument seprateley, watching its historical

The same characteristics that please the eye also please the ear. Musical terms such as rhythm, texture, harmony, proportion, dynamics, and articulation refer both to architecture and to music. Renaissance architect Leon Battista Alberti

UNDER THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUSIC AND ARCHITECTURE T H E

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN MSC PROGRAMME YEAR 2013 STUDIO PROJECT

PRESENTED BY : ABDAA ABDELHAMIED MOHAMMED AHMED SUPERVISED BY : DR. SIEF ALDEEN SADIG HASSAN

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P R O J E C T

STAGE A( exploration stage )

This models is a first intent to express in a rather abstract composition the life of musical notes with their high and low pitches, early and late sounds, sounds

that live and suddenly die into the water of the model’s site, and in between transparent elements that join each note smoothly, turning them into a melody

ABSTRACT MODEL 1:

STAGE A( exploration stage )

ABSTRACT MODEL 2: After analysing the relationship between music and architectural elements such as surfuces ,edges and volumes bach music wew chosen to do the transmission from music into graphes into architectural designs

STAGE B MUSICAL NOTE 1 : JOHAN SEBASTIAN BACH: FIRST MOVEMENT ALLERGO

STAGE B MUSICAL NOTE 2 : JOHAN SEBASTIAN BACH: CELLO SUITE NO 1 PRELUDE

“Architecture is frozen music. Really there is something in this; the tone of mind produced by architecture approaches the effect of music.” - said J.W. von Goethe.

UNDER THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUSIC AND ARCHITECTURE T H E P STAGE C (TRANSMISSION STAGE) MUSICAL NOTE 1

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PRESENTED BY : ABDAA ABDELHAMIED MOHAMMED AHMED

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN MSC PROGRAMME YEAR 2013 STUDIO PROJECT

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FIRST MOVEMENT ALLERGO

Objectives of the project :

The project is about there are big similarties between the music and architecture in so diffrent aspects such as : .

Arch Balance Colour Composition Contrast Density Depth Development Dynamics Energy Flow Form Function Genre Harmony Height Line Minimalism Movement Ornamentation Pattern Phrase Pitch Process Proportion Repetition Rhythm Sequence Space Structure Style Symbol Texture Theme Transparency Unity Volume

The project concentrates on the highlighted relationships between music and architecture because they are the most important ones .

THE TRANSMISSION STAGE 1 : The project use the architectural elements such as : 1. Edges

2. Surfaces 3. Volumes 4.Clusters 5.Open spaces

S T A G E C-1

STAGE C-2

STAGE C-3

STAGE C-4

6. Axis

As we can see through the stages starting from stage c-1 till c-4 there are

four abstract models showes the movement of the architectural elements depends on the musical note sound graph (see the video for more information ).

“What is music? Music has to do with an enormous discipline.To play an instrument, to read music, to perform music, requires a discipline. This is one of the connecting links between music and architecture, because both are extremely rigorous engagements. You cannot play music approximately, unless you’re just playing around; if you really want to play a melody, you have to hit every note correctly, and every tempo and every harmony has to be there in order to be audible. And I think that is true of achitecture: you cannot really do architecture approximately, you have to do it exactly. And what ties them together in my own experience is the element of time and the element of mathematics. Both of them really are very exact disciplines, they are very precise, they are both drawn in a certain way, and the drawings, whether they are scores in music or architectural drawings, connect the music” D a n i e l L i b e s k i n d , A rc h i t e c t

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STAGE C (TRANSMISSION STAGE)

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MUSICAL NOTE 1

PRESENTED BY : ABDAA ABDELHAMIED MOHAMMED AHMED

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN MSC PROGRAMME YEAR 2013 STUDIO PROJECT

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THE TRANSMISSION STAGE 2: Here on this stage the models above were converted into volumes to give the sence of the 3d elemt and architecture better .. Also the project on this stage concentrates on the relationships between the open and closed spaces as well as the cluster and axis using the vertical and horizontal elements and also the repetion of them .All those transmissions of the project according to the musical note sound or graph. (see the video for mor information ).

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“Light, color, rhythm, image, sound; the bases; the data’s for a new performance; we can call it electronic play” Le Corbusier, in le poeme electronique

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UNDER THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUSIC AND ARCHITECTURE T H E P STAGE C (TRANSMISSION STAGE) MUSICAL NOTE 1 Arch Balance Colour Composition Contrast Density Depth Development Dynamics Energy Flow Form Function Genre Harmony Height Line Minimalism Movement Ornamentation Pattern Phrase Pitch Process Proportion Repetition Rhythm Sequence Space Structure Style Symbol Texture Theme Transparency Unity Volume

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PRESENTED BY : ABDAA ABDELHAMIED MOHAMMED AHMED

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN MSC PROGRAMME YEAR 2013 STUDIO PROJECT

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SUPERVISED BY : DR. SIEF ALDEEN SADIG HASSAN

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FIRST MOVEMENT ALLERGO

THE TRANSMISSION STAGE 2: Here on this stage the models above were converted into

volumes to give the sence of the 3d elemt and architecture better .. Also the project on this stage concentrates on the relationships between the open and closed spaces as well as the cluster and axis using the vertical and horizontal elements and also the repetion of them .All those transmissions of the project according to the musical note sound or graph. (see the video for mor information ).

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“Light, color, rhythm, image, sound; the bases; the data’s for a new performance; we can call it electronic play” Le Corbusier, in le poeme electronique

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