The Old Man and the Sea Glossary

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The Old Man and the Sea Glossary #

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Words with definitions

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Gaff – an iron hook with a handle, used for landing large fish

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Mast – a vertical spar for supporting sail Plank- to cook and serve on a plank Chopping board – a wooden board where meats or vegetable can be cut Blind – unable to see Salão - a civil parish in the municipality of Horta on the island of Faial, the Portuguese Azores. The population in 2001 was 436 inhabitants, covering an area of 11.8 km2; the parish is the least populated on the island. Benevolent -means an act of, or a general inclination towards, charity Erosion i- the process by which soil and rock are removed from the Earth's surface by exogenetic processes such as wind or water flow, and then transported anddeposited in other locations. Thwart - a seat across a boat on which a rower may sit. Attaine - to gain as an objective; achieve: attain a diploma by hard work Humility - the quality or condition of being humble. Guano – a substance composed chiefly of the dung of sea birds or bats, accumulated along certain coastal areas or in caves and used as fertilizer. Terminal- a point or part that forms the end. Resolution -the state or quality of being resolute; firm determination Oakum - Loose hemp or jute fiber, sometimes treated with tar, creosote, or asphalt, used chiefly for caulking seams in wooden ships and packing pipe joints Canary Islands – a group of Spanish islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of Africa. The Canaries have been part of Spain since 1479 and are a major tourist center. Phosphorescence - Emission of light without burning or by very slow burning without appreciable heat, as from the slow oxidation of phosphorous Fathoms A unit of length equal to 6 feet (1.83 meters), used principally in the measurement and specification of marine depths Congregate- to bring or come together in a group, crowd, or assembly Buoys A buoy is a floating device that can have many purposes. It can be anchored (stationary) or allowed to drift with the sea wave. The word, of Old French orMiddle Dutch origin, is now most commonly pronounced /ˈbɔɪ/ (identical with boy, as inbuoyancy) in UK English. Bonito are a tribe of medium-sized, predatory fish in the Scombridae family, belonging to theSardini tribe. There are seven species across four genera which belong to the bonito tribe.

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Three of the four genera are monotypic genera, having a single species each. The albacore, Thunnusalalunga, is a species of tuna in the family Scombridae. This species is also called albacore fish, albacore tuna, albicore, albie, pigfish, tomboahi, binnaga, Pacific albacore, German bonito (but see bonito), longfin, longfin tuna, longfintunny, or even just tuna. It is the only tuna species which may be marketed as "white meat tuna" in the United States. It is found in the open waters of all tropical and temperate oceans, and the Mediterranean Sea. Lengths range up to 140 cm (4.6 ft) and weights up to 60.3 kg (133 lb). Plummet - a weight used in fishing man-of-war bird – long billed warm-water seabird with wide wingspan and forked tail

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plankton- the aggregate of small plant and animal organisms that float or drift in great numbers in fresh or salt water

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iridescent – varying in color in different lights or from different angles; радужный

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gelatinous – thick like gelatin

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carapace - a hard bony or chitinous outer covering, such as the fused dorsal plates of a turtle or the portion of the exoskeleton covering the head and thorax of a crustacean

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loggerhead – these word are used to express a low opinion of someone’s intelligence

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mysticism – a religion based on mystical communion with an ultimate reality

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grippe – an acute febrile highly contagious viral disease

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virtue – the quality of doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong prism – a polyhedron with two congruent and parallel faces and whose lateral faces are parallelograms ; призма

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myriad – too numerous to be counted

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annul – to make or declare void or null

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bight – a loop in a rope

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shank – a cut of meat from the upper part of the leg ; голень

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imperceptible – impossible or difficult by the mind or sense

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pivot- the person in a rank around whom the others wheel and

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maneuver bitt –a strong post

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intolerable – impossible to tolerate or endure

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scythe – an implement consisting of a long, curved single- edged blade with a long bend handle, used for mowing or reaping

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gaffe –socially awkward or tactless act; ощибка , ложный шаг

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rapier – straight sword with a narrow blade and two edges

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hoist – raise or haul up with or as if with mechanical help; поднятие

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treachery –betrayal of a trust

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gunwale –wale at the top of the side of boat ;планшир

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surge –sudden forceful flow

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coagulated - to change from a fluid into a thickened mass; curdle; congeal

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accord - to be in agreement or harmony; agree.

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undulation - an act of undulating; a wavelike motion.

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ptomaine - any of a class of foul-smelling nitrogenous substances produced by bacteria during putrefaction of animal or plant protein.

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comparatively - proceeding by, founded on, or using comparison as a method of study. maw - the mouth, throat, or gullet of an animal, especially a carnivorous mammal.

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leprous - having leprosy

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astern - in a position behind a specified vessel or aircraft.

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cede - to yield or formally surrender to another: to cede territory.

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friction - surface resistance to relative motion, as of a body sliding or rolling.

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placid - pleasantly calm or peaceful.

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shoal - a place where a sea, river, or other body of water is shallow boom - to make a deep, prolonged, resonant sound

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cumulus - a heap; pile cirrus - a filament or slender appendage serving as a foot, tentacle, barbel, etc perceptible - capable of being perceived; recognizable; appreciable cartilage - a firm, elastic, flexible type of connective tissue of a translucent whitish or yellowish color; gristle pectoral - worn on the breast or chest.

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cumulus - a heap; pile shoal - a place where a sea, river, or other body of water is shallow.

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cede - to yield or formally surrender to another: to cede territory.

cirrus - a filament or slender appendage serving as a foot, tentacle, barbel, malignancy - the quality or condition of being malignant.