The present study is been conducted at Kolkata the capital of the state of West Bengal, to know about the situation of t...
The Homeless People of Kolkata A Study conducted by Sabuj Sangha June 2014
Table of Contents Serial
Titles
Page
1.
Background
05
2.
The Homeless People
06
3.
The Study
08
3.1
The Area and Selection Criterion
08
3.2
The Findings
10
3.3
The Shelters for Homeless People
21
4.
Rein Basera in Gujarat
22
5.
References
29
6.
The Organizations
30
6.1
Sabuj Sangha
30
6.2
Indo-Global Social Service Society
31
7.
The Study Team
32
8.
Contact Information
33
The Study about Homeless People of Kolkata
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List of Acronyms GUSDF
Gujarat United Slum Dwellers Federation
IGSSS
Indo-Global Social Service Society
KMA
Kolkata Metropolitan Area
KMC
Kolkata Municipal Corporation
ULB
Urban Local Body
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Acknowledgements Sabuj Sangha acknowledges the support and collaborations of these institutions: The Kolkata Police The Kolkata Municipal Corporation Gujarat United Slum Dwellers Federation SWAMAN TRUST, Bharuch, Gujarat Without their support the study couldn’t have been possible.
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1. Background The growing problem of homeless people in India is becoming worse by the day; and, in the big cities (the Municipal / Metropolitan authorities) are facing this as one of the main up-coming problems. Every big Indian city’s population can be divided according to their residence in 3 major residential areas / types of habitations: planned / Government approved houses and housing complexes, authorized / unauthorized slums and, makeshift shanty-dwellers and homeless people. Like all the major metropolitan cities of India Kolkata also has its own share of homeless people living in very difficult situations. As part of the SHELTER project in association with Indo-Global Social Service Society (IGSSS), a study was conducted by Sabuj Sangha in November and December 2013, to assess the present situation of the homeless people of Kolkata.
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2. The Homeless People Homelessness describes the condition of people without a regular dwelling. People who are homeless are most often unable to acquire and maintain regular, safe, secure, and adequate housing, or they lack fixed, regular, and adequate night-time residence. The legal definition of the "homeless" varies from country to country, or among different entities or institutions in the same country or region. The term homeless may also include people that are mostly night-time residents in a homeless shelter, a warming center, a domestic violence shelter, a vehicle (including recreational vehicles and campers), cardboard boxes, a tent, tarpaulins, or other ad hoc housing situations. The “homeless” may also include persons who sleep in a public or private place not designed for use as a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings. There are up to 100 million people in the world who are homeless, of which 20 million to 40 million are adrift in major urban centers. The largest numbers live in the developing countries. http://www.hic-net.org/
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In India too it’s a big problem. Now almost 300 million people are residents of the country’s cities. Our three major cities are, Mumbai, Delhi and Kolkata, and these cities are home to about 17% of the world’s slum dwellers1. These cities also have large number of people who are homeless. According to the 2011 Census, there are 70,000 homeless people living in Kolkata, up from 55,000 in 2001.
According to the 2011 Census of India our most populated States / Union Territories are: Serial
State / Union Territory
Population
1
Uttar Pradesh
19,95,81,477
2
Maharashtra
11,23,72,972
3
Bihar
10,38,04,637
4
West Bengal
9,13,47,736
5
Andhra Pradesh
8,46,65,533
The present study is been conducted at Kolkata the capital of the state of West Bengal, to know about the situation of the homeless people of Kolkata.
1
UN-HABITAT, 2006: http://www.unhabitat.org/ The Study about Homeless People of Kolkata
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3. The Study 3.1 The Areas and Selection Criterion To know about the situation of the homeless people of this city in November and December 2013; a rapid assessment study was conducted at all of the 141 KMC (Kolkata Municipal Corporation) wards2. The process of questionnaire making, data collection (all the primary data about homeless people were collected through night visits), data compilation and report writing all is done by the members of Sabuj Sangha. For the present study the city of Kolkata has been divided into 5 areas consisting of 141 KMC wards: North 28, South 30, East 27, West 28 and, Central 28. This division was made by the study team for the reasons of conducting this study and it’s not an official distribution of the 141 wards of Kolkata by the KMC or the Government of West Bengal. North: Ward Numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 41: total – 28 wards
2
The Commissioner, Kolkata Police and the Commissioner, Kolkata Municipal Corporation were informed officially about the visit and, permission was obtained from the Kolkata Police Head Quarters, at Lalbazar. The Study about Homeless People of Kolkata
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South: Ward Numbers 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 104, 105, 110, 111, 112, 113,114, 115, 117 and 122: total – 30 wards East: Ward Numbers 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 103, 106, 107, 108 and 109: total – 27 wards West: Ward Numbers 79, 80, 81, 82, 116, 118, 119, 120, 121, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140 and 141; total – 28 wards Central: Ward Numbers 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 61, 62, 63, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77 and 78: total – 28 wards One simple format was developed for counting homeless people in 2 categories, with breakups of male female and children: Sleeps under the open sky Sleeps under plastic cover / in makeshifts homes Note: - majority of the night visits were conducted in November 2013, and at that time the weather was cold and dry; that is why many people could sleep under the open sky with a cover of a blanket, and during the monsoon the number of people sleeping under the open sky will change.
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3.2 The Findings The issue of shelter and slum development is a subject of decision and action for a long time and many efforts have been made for development of slums and shelters for the people living in the open and in risky places. For our understanding we have divided the urban poor into 3 categories: Slums dwellers (both authorized and unauthorized) Makeshift dwellers Homeless The first finding is that out 141 KMC wards homeless people were found in 118 wards, and in 23 KMC wards no homeless people were found during the night visits.
In rapidly urbanizing India, urban homelessness is a growing concern. Over 286 million people are now inhabitants of the country’s cities; three of them, namely, Mumbai, Delhi and Kolkata, are home to 17 percent of the world’s slum dwellers. – Courtesy “India: Urban Poverty Report 2009” and “UN-HABITAT, 2006”.
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It shows that the population of homeless people is scattered all-over the city of Kolkata. Some basic findings about them are: Rain, Cold and Heat makes life very difficult No safety: belongings can get lost / stolen Living conditions are very unhygienic No legal right of staying / residing: eviction, harassment and torture come from various sources: hooligans, Police, etc. The 118 wards where the homeless people are living are Ward Numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 113, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 131 and 141. The 23 KMC wards with no homeless people are Ward Numbers: 35, 56, 58, 78, 80, 89, 91, 98, 105, 106, 112, 114, 122, 129, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139 and 140. At least 78 million people are homeless in India despite the country growing in global economic stature. There was a reported shortage of 18.78 million houses in the country around the census year of 2011.
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The definition of homeless – the Census of India defines houseless people as the persons who are not living in census houses. The latter refers to a structure with roof, hence the enumerators are instructed by Census officials to take note of the possible places where the houseless population is likely to live, such as on the roadside, pavements, drainage pipes, under staircases, or in the open, temple-mandaps, platforms and the like (Census of India, 1991: 64). This part of the population includes those sleeping without shelter, in constructions not meant for habitation and in welfare institutions (United Nations 1999).
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The total number of homeless people found sleeping on the streets of Kolkata during the study is 39,431 persons and among them about 55% (21,759) sleep under the open sky and about 45% (17672) sleep under plastic cover / makeshifts homes. The Gender breakups: The total number of homeless people.
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The total number of people who sleep under the open sky.
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The total number of people who sleep under plastic cover / in makeshifts homes.
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Kolkata is a very populated city, in way it’s over populated: Kolkata Metropolitan Area3 (KMA) was projected at 17 million in 2011, 20 million in 2021 and 21.1 million in 2025. The map of KMA: -
3
Kolkata Metropolitan Area should not be confused with Kolkata District as Kolkata Metropolitan Area is larger than Kolkata district or Kolkata City. Kolkata District and Kolkata City are same. The Kolkata Metropolitan Area consists of Kolkata District along with some of the Sub-urban areas. Kolkata Metropolitan Area (KMA) extended due North up to Kalyani (Nadia district) and Bansberia (Hooghly district), in the South up to Budge Budge (South 24 Parganas district), due East up to Baruipur (South 24 Parganas), and in the West up to Uluberia (Howrah district). Kolkata Metropolitan Area consists of 3 Municipal Corporations (including Kolkata Municipal Corporation) and 38 Municipalities and 22 rural Panchayat Samities. The Study about Homeless People of Kolkata
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As per the report published by the Census of India on March 31, 2011, the state of West Bengal has got a total population of 91, 347, 736, and it’s approximately 7.55 % of the country's total population4. It is the fourth most populous state in India, with a population density of 1029 persons per square kilometer. In the cities the density is higher. Around 8000 persons live within a square kilometer in the Kolkata Metropolitan Area. Out of 141 KMC wards 24 wards are considered as wards with high concentration of people (these 24 wards are within the 118 wards where homeless people are living), and the areas are: -
In these 24 wards the total numbers of homeless people are 26,825 and it’s 68.03% of the total number of homeless people (39,431) that we have found during this study. It follows that the interventions for the development of urban poor will mostly concentrate within these 24 KMC wards, and that’s approximately more than 20% of the city’s geographical area.
4
The population of India according to the Census of 2011 is 1,210,193,422, and 7.55% of that is 91,369,603.36. The Study about Homeless People of Kolkata
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The area wise breakups: North: Ward Nos. 8 – 6, 7, 12, 15, 16, 20, 22 and 27 Ward No.
6
7
12
15
16
20
22
27
Homeless People
835
592
925
945
470
1,167
727
332
South: Ward Nos. 1 – 83 Ward No.
83
Homeless People
382
East: Ward Nos. 7 - 29, 33, 34, 36, 55, 59 and 65 Ward No.
29
33
34
36
55
59
65
Homeless People
3,428
388
303
7,703
1,246
1,127
407
West: 0 Central: Ward Nos. 8 – 38, 43, 44, 45, 48, 61, 72 and 75 Ward No.
38
43
44
45
48
61
72
75
Homeless People
330
715
1,701
463
304
1,010
362
963
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The location of the 24 KMC wards where the maximum numbers of homeless people are found: the areas are marked in Purple.
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To understand the social side of the story of these underprivileged people the interviews with homeless and makeshift dwellers were conducted in a very informal manner: -
“How long you have been living here?” “Where is your original home?” The outline questions
of “Why you have come to this city?” “Have you been able to fulfill you aim of coming to this city?” “What are the main problems of living on the street?”
The major finding from this study is that the in-migration of poor people (mostly from the rural areas) towards the city of Kolkata is the primary reason behind the increase of population of homeless people, living on the streets of Kolkata.
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3.3 The Shelters for Homeless People in Kolkata Shelters in Kolkata: presently there are 18 Night Shelters in Kolkata to support the needs of the homeless people, out of which 11 are operational. Even if all 18 Night Shelters are open and running still it’s too little to match the need of this city and its homeless people.
The Supreme Court order dated 10.02.2010 mandated the following for all state governments and ULBs (Urban Local Bodies) for having population more than 5 lakhs. All cities covered under JNNURM and above 5 lakhs, to have one 24hrs, 365 days a year, homeless shelter with a capacity of 100 persons for every one lakh population. Basic amenities to include mattress, bed roll, blanket, potable drinking water, functional latrines, first aid, primary health facilities, deaddiction and recreation facilities etc. 30% of these to be special shelters (for women, old and infirm, recovery shelters).
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4. Rein Basera in Gujarat The study conducted by Sabuj Sangha was about homeless people of Kolkata. We didn’t have the opportunity to study the Shelters in Kolkata. A report is being shared with us by a likeminded organization and some key information from that report is included in this study. Portions of the report by Gujarat United Slum Dwellers Federation (GUSDF) The joint inspections of the shelters were carried out by Senior Government officials from the State Urban Department, Municipal commissioners / Engineers of the cities along with the Office of the Adviser for Gujarat to the Supreme Court Commissioner and other civil society organizations especially Gujarat United Slum Dwellers Federation / Slum Women’s Federation India (Zupadpatti Mahila Sangthan) of Aahmedabad, Baroda and Surat, headquarters in Surat. Along with the cities of Ahmedabad, Baroda and Surat inspections were also conducted in the cities of Vadodara, Bhavnagar, and Rajkot from the 4 th to the 18th February 2012. The teams inspected all the shelters in the city of Ahmedabad, Bhavnagar and Rajkot, and a representative sample in the cities of Vadodara and Surat. Jamnagar which has a population of over 5 lacs (2011) was not on the list and hence no inspection was carried out in the city and status of shelters in Jamanagar is not known. In particular the joint inspection team examined the following issues: the presence of shelter, the stage of construction of the new shelters, location and suitability of each structure, physical infrastructure and maintenance, facilities and amenities available at the shelter, occupancy, management and transparency arrangements in the shelters. In the operational shelters the teams also had brief discussion with the staff managing the shelters and users regarding the facilities, and security in the shelters.
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Table – 1) Shelters in Cities of Gujarat Name of the city
No. of Shelters required in cities over 5 lac pop @ per 1 lac pop as per 2011 census
No. of Shelters required in cities over 5 lac pop @ per 1 lac pop as per 2011 provisional census
Total No of Shelters as per ground verification by joint inspection team
Number of shelters under construction as per report of joint inspection
Total estimated Shelter capacity
Required capacity @ 100 per persons shelter
Ahmedabad
45
56
45
44
1960
4500
Vadodara
14
17
16
10
500
Surat
28
45
28
3
295 of 5 operational 1021
2800
Rajkot
9
13
8
7
259
900
Bhavnagar
5
6
5
1
1021
500
101
143
102
65
4556
9200
Total
The city of Jamnagar along with 22 other urban cities in Gujarat having populations over one 100,000:Kalol, Gandhinagar, Bhuj, Gandhidham, Palanpur, Deesa, Patan, Mehsana, Surendranagar, Morvi, Gondal, Jetpur, Veralval, Junagadh, Amreli, Botad, Anand, Nadiad, Godhra, Bharuch, Navsari and Valsad. Table – 2) Amenities in Shelters and Observations Name of the city Ahmedabad
Basic amenities in shelters- toilets, water beds, mattresses
Observations
Water, Drainage and Electricity connections All the shelters in Ahmedabad have been put in place by the corporation. are new permanent Mattresses sets will be ordered shortly. constructions (largely under flyovers, three buildings on
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The Municipal corporation plans to send its Urban Health Service mobile vans to make at least one visit per day to each of the shelters apart from equipping the shelters with first aid kits.
plots) are at the final stages of construction. The Municipal corporation plans to hand over the shelters to NGO’s to be operational from April 2012. Toilet Access for differently abled people needs to be ensured in the shelters. Shelters needed for migrant worker families at locations indicated in the previous joint inspection report. Some shelters should also be earmarked for especially vulnerable ill, destitute and street children after mapping of the homeless in the city.
Vadodara
Basic amenities of toilets, water and electric The existing five shelters connections, dhurries are available in the renovated from old renovated community centres. community centres have been made operational recently, hence occupancy is poor. The shelters for families, single men and women need to be earmarked after a mapping of the homeless. The new shelters under construction have reached plinth level and must incorporate access for persons with disability.
Surat
25 of the 28 shelters are constructed over pay The shelters look like and use toilets. Electric connections are in temporary structures, having place along with dhurries and sheets. tin roofs and grills for walls. There is inadequate protection from elements. The corporation has started to put in sheets to cover the sides after the inspections by the State Government. The shelters are only open for use at night as per their rules.
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All these shelters are difficult to access by the old and people with disabilities. These are also unsafe for women due to their location. The total estimated capacity of the shelters is very low especially in the light of the fact that it is one of the largest growing urban centres in the state. Hence there is a need to construct new shelters with adequate facilities after mapping of the homeless population for suitable location. Rajkot
The existing shelters have drainage, water and electric connections except the one on Aji Dam. There are raised platforms being constructed in the shelters as beds, providing storage space below.
Six of the eight shelters are in East Zone of the city only. There is a need to locate the shelters in different parts of the city where there is concentration of homeless such as Gondal Rd& Chowkdi, Bhaktinagar Rly Station, Jamnagar Road. The shelters need to be converging services of health, nutrition and care of the most vulnerable populations like children, old persons, people with illness& addiction.
Bhavnagar
Basic facilities like beds, mattresses, toilets The shelter at the Railway drinking water available. station is well utilized by men, not used by women currently Recreational facilities, food, post box at all. Restrictions to the facilities are not yet done. destitute and ill are keeping them out of reach. Currently adequate infrastructure to cover estimated homeless population in phase 1 as per the courts orders.
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The first round of survey in August 2013 An assessment of Rein Baseras of Surat city is done by representatives of Gujarat United Slum Dwellers Federation (GUSDF) along with Municipal Commissioner of Surat city. The survey in Vadodara city was done by GUSDF members only. During August 3,4, and 5, 2013, a night assessment or inspection visits have been done to 26 Rein Basera (Night Shelter) out of 28 existed (93 %) in Surat city as well 4 Rein Basera out of 6 ( 67 %), in Vadodara City. The Rein Basera or Night Shelters have been constructed in the city after the order of honorable Supreme Court of India. The serious note have been taken that, the Supreme Court’s order to provide basic facilities in Night Shelters have been largely taken for a granted in the city of Surat as well Vadodara. There seems no sincerity and administrative or political will of the State or city administration in the context of Night Shelters for the homeless in the cities of Surat and Vadodara particularly. It proves merely a mockery. Findings of Surat City: The findings from Surat are given below: There exists 28 Night Shelters in Surat city, and it is notable that NONE of the Rein Basera is FIT and FINE to stay for girls and women!! In every Night Shelter (constructed on the first floor of existing PAY & USE Sauchalaya), the latrines and bathing facilities are common at the ground floor, maintained by Care Takers. At 44 % Night Shelters, the Care Taker found Drunk at night! Other illegal male occupants like relatives of Care Taker also found in the night shelters. Further No particular Register found well maintained in any of Surat’s NS. There is NIL entry by Women user! In our 3 day night inspection to the Rein Basera and find out homeless people of Surat city, we found 1894 homeless men, women and children sleeping under the bridges, railway station, foot paths, bus stands, carts, auto rickshaws and so on. The number can be increased hugely, if the whole city to be inspected. The found homeless are the people from demolished slums, other state’s workers in various works, sick and destitute people, and so on.
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9 Night Shelters (32 %) found used by the same regular gents users as RENTAL Shelters, with cooking and other homely arrangements by known once, relative, or migrants unaffordable to pay rental home in the city. Large numbers of Homeless found nearby Night Shelters, where they are not allowed to stay with various reasons. Higher charges demanded by Care Takers to use Rein Basera. We were denied a chance to stay in 11 -Rein Basera by caretakers, without any reasons. Total 67 % Night Shelters found CLOSED in pathetic, dirty, unhygienic and unused conditions. Surprisingly, during inspection we found that every there is a garbage container full with fouling stuffs near Rein Basera (Pay & Use Sauchalaya) We did find any sleeping mats, clean drinking water, First Aid Box, Medical referrals information, Post Box, News Paper availability in any Night Shelter during inspection. Most of the Care Takers found Hindi Speaking from UP and Bihar having contacts with other Rein Basera’s Care Takers, and allowing the people from UP and Bihar and not local Gujarati speaking homeless. In every Night Shelter, the name of Care Taking organization has been written, but the Rein Basera is being run by the Third Party, another than Care Taking organization directly. Only at 2 Night Shelters (7 %) had wretched Register to regular entry of Night Shelter users. Most of the users are found same, using Rein Basera for the months. No Regular Record or Other Information available to any Rein Basera. There exist no mechanisms or management system of Surat Municipal Corporation to make effective and optimum use of Rein Basera by the city homeless.
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There is NIL availability of Model Rein Basera envisaged by the Supreme Court found in Surat, which is the highest revenue earning city of Gujarat, to have highest migration flow to the city for the employment. There exists great need to sensitize Surat Municipal Corporation to be sensitized on urban homelessness. Findings of the Vadodara City: The findings are very short in nature, but very significant to show us the present situation of Rein Basera’s: out of 6 Rein Basera in Vadodara city, the following were visited by the GUSDF members at midnight of August 10, Saturday 2013. 1. 2. 3. 4.
Atladara Pani Ni Tanki Nava Yard Chani Amarnagar Nava Yard Under Chani Bridge Under Vishwamitry Bridege
All of them are out of use for the homeless: nonfunctional. No body was found in Rein Baseras who provide any information to the team which can become part of this report: in way this a very good finding about the Rein Baseras in Vadodara city. The second round of survey in March 2014 To see the present situation of Rein Baseras of Surat city again another round of visits were conducted along with an external resource person on March 31, 2014, on a random basis we visited 3 Rein Baseras to see what is situation in comparison with the last visit in August 2013. The findings are same there is no change in the situations of the Rein Baseras in last 8 months. Courtesy: SWAMAN TRUST, Bharuch, Gujarat: partner organization of GUSDF
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5. References For making of this report beside the findings by Sabuj Sangha from the survey and main 3 documents that are used for this report are: The national report on homelessness December 2011, 2012 A report on the urban homeless in India, 2011 The Report about the Slums of Kolkata, 2013 The Report of Gujarat United Slum Dwellers Federation / Slum Women’s Federation India (Zupadpatti Mahila Sangthan) about Shelters / Rein Baseras in Aahmedabad-Baroda-Surat, Gujarat
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6. The Organizations 6.1 Sabuj Sangha Sabuj Sangha is a non-profit, non-government development organization committed to improving the lives of people less fortunate in West Bengal, India, through participation and empowerment. Registered in 1975 under the West Bengal Societies Registration Act 1961, Sabuj Sangha was originally established in 1954 in the Sundarban region of South 24 Parganas district of the State. The organization has grown significantly into a vibrant organization since, spreading north throughout South 24 Parganas, Kolkata and into Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal. The organization works for the development of marginalized people living in unserved and under-served areas to improve their quality of life holistically through its intervention in multiple sectors catering to the needs of vulnerable communities. Sabuj Sangha believes that there is no simple solution to poverty. In order to overcome poverty, it is necessary to address the range of issues that poor people face on a daily basis. For this reason, Sabuj Sangha adopts an Integrated Sustainable Development Model. It addresses burning issues of the communities in five major thematic areas; Health and Nutrition Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Education and Protection Livelihood and Women’s Empowerment Environment and Disaster Response
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6.2 Indo-Global Social Service Society Indo-Global Social Service Society (IGSSS) is a non-profit organization working with the mandate for a humane social order based on truth, justice, freedom and equity. Established in 1960, IGSSS works for development, capacity building and enlightenment of the vulnerable communities across the country for their effective participation in development.
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7. The Study Team The Principal Investigator: Mr. Ansuman Das, Director Total 8 persons were involved with data collection, and they were divided into 2 groups to cover 141 KMC wards: Group – A) 1. 2. 3. 4.
Mrs. Soma Maity Mr. Soumitra Jana Mr. Biplab Das Mr. Sanat Kr. Paul
Group – B) 1. 2. 3. 4.
Mr. Manas Kr. Chakrabarty Mr. Arunabha Das Mr. Prasenjit Singh Roy Mr. Sanjib Mistry
Data compilation is been done by Mr. Manas Kr. Chakrabarty and Mr. Biplab Das. Report writing is been done by Mr. Manas Kr. Chakrabarty and Mr. Shanto Baksi.
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8. Contact Information Sabuj Sangha: Address
Registered Office: Village and Post Office: Nandakumarpur, Police Station: Raidighi, District: South 24 Parganas, Pin: 743349 Central Office: 30/9, Rajdanga Main Road (East), Kolkata – 7000107
Contact Details
Phone
+91 33 2441 4357, +91 9831001655
Fax
+91 33 2441 4357,
Email
[email protected]
Website
www.sabujsangha.org
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