TGM3 - Organizacion y Administracion de La Empresa

 

 

DKDJL_DY JD F@QYF^D NC@C VKD VKLGDG FNCKÞ@LND LKWFEYDGD  

 Ärfd? Kfecnlcs  Dslekdturd? Credklzdnlþk y Dg`lklstrdnlþk gf jd F`prfsd Kc`irf gfj Gcnfktf Ckjlkf? Ofdk Hfkràqufz Bdràds, Bdràds, Njdugld Edjdz Lsjd, Ocsì ^dktliäôfz Iustcs @þgujc >? >? ‚JD F@QYF^D, VKLGDG FNCKÞ@LND IÄ^LND‐  

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 Djlk Vjjcd Ndjgfrþk

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@DYNC @DY NC LKW LKWYCG YCGVN VN WCY WCYLC LC

Fj surel`lfktc gf jd f`prfsd nc`c credklzdnlþk scnldj fsfknldj f l`pcrtdktf gfktrc gfj fktcrkc, nc`prfkgf dntlvlgdgfs lktfrrfjdnlckdgds gf pjdklblndnlþk, credklzdnlþk, glrfnnlþk y ncktrcj. Jd l`p l`pjf` jf`fkt fktdnl dnlþk þk gf fst fstf f prc prcnfs nfsc c dg` dg`lkl lklstr strdtl dtlvc vc y jd `dk `dktfk tfknlþ nlþk k gf uk d`ilfk d`ilfktf tf gf fblnlfknld, dpjlndk d tcgds jds credklzdnlckfs nck jd blkdjlgdg gf jcerdr sus pjdkfs y cioftlvcs. @dktfkfr fstds `ftds nck fj blk gf citfkfr jd rftrliunlþk quf buf prcyfntdgd, nckstltuyfk fj fstuglc gf jds vdrldijfs nc`c? tdrfds, tfnkcjceàd, d`ilfktf, fstrunturd y prlknlpdj`fktf jds pfrsckds, nck jd dg`lklstrdnlþk fblnlfktf gf fstcs rfnurscs sf gdrä bcr`d y sfrvlrä pdrd djndkzdr jcs cioftlvcs prcpufstcs nc`c f`prfsd. Jd fvcjunlþk gf jd dg`lklstrdnlþk pfr`ltf fkbcndr jcs cioftcs gf fstuglc y derupdr jds vdrldi vdr ldijfs jfs,, dgf dgfnud nudrjd rjdss nck nckstl stltuy tuyf f fj prl prlknl knlpdj pdj cio cioftl ftlvc vc y gfs gfsdbà dbàc c pdrd jds f`p f`prfs rfsds, ds, su rftrcdjl`fktdnlþk ncktlkud hdrä quf sf gfsdrrcjjf idoc ukd pfrspfntlvd `äs d`pjld gfj `fglc fk fj nudj sf gfsfkvufjvf. Fstf lkbcr`f dkdjlzd jd f`prfsd nc`c uklgdg fnckþ`lnd, gfblklfkgc jcs dtrliutcs tìnklncs y scirf fstd idsf, nckstd gf gcs pdrtfs prlknlpdjfs, fk prl`fr juedr, fj pjdktfd`lfktc gfj ndsc d fxpckfr scirf jd f`prfsd gf jcs Hfr`dkcs Jdrd Jl`ltdgd, y jufec dicrgd fj gfsdrrcjjc gf jds prfeuktds prcpufstds fk jd prcijf`ätlnd gf fstd credklzdnlþk.  

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QJDKWFD@LFKWC QJDKWFD@LFKW C GFJ ND^C D DKDJL_DY   Jd F`p F`prfs rfsd d bd` bd`ljl ljldr dr Hfr Hfr`dk `dkcs cs Jdr Jdrd d Jl` Jl`ltd ltdgd, gd, gfg gfglnd lndgd gd d jd vfktd vfktd gf djl`fk djl`fktcs tcs pdr pdrd d `dsnctds dj pcr `dycr, tlfkf su Ndsd @dtrlz y Icgfed Nfktrdj fk uk sfntcr lkgustrldj gfj sfntcr sfn tcr pck pcklfk lfktf tf gf ^dk ^dktld tldec. ec. Nc` Nc`c c f`p f`prfs rfsd d gf rfspck rfspcksdi sdiljl ljlgdg gdg jl`ltd jl`ltdgd gd nufktd nufktd nck 9 gufôcs, jcs hfr`dkcs Jdrd, y nufktd nck uk Ndpltdj ^cnldj gf $41.111.111 fj quf buf gfsf`icjsdg gfsf`i cjsdgc c pcr sus gufôcs gufôcs.. Fk jcs ÿjtl` ÿjtl`cs cs gcs dôcs jd F`prf F`prfsd sd hd nrfnl nrfnlgc gc fk prc`fglc prc`fglc uk 41% dkudj, fs pcr fjjc quf sf rfdjlzd jd ncktrdtdnlþk gf jd ^rtd. F`ljld @uôcz fk fj ärfd gf Yfnurs Yfn urscs cs Hu` Hu`dkc dkcss pdr pdrd d quf sf fkn fkndre dreuf uf gf dr` dr`dr dr jd fstrun fstruntur turd d cre credkl dklzdn zdnlck lckdj dj gf jd F`prfs F`p rfsd, d, jd nck ncktrd trdtdn tdnlþk lþk y fj crg crgfk fk ofr ofrärq ärquln ulnc c gf jcs glb glbfrf frfktf ktfss gfpdrt gfpdrtd`f d`fktc ktcss gf jd F`prfsd.

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F`prfsd nc`c scnlfgdg gf rfspcksdiljlgdg jl`ltdgd nufktd nck uk Efrfktf Efkfrdj, jdicr quf fs gfsf`pfôdgd pcr fj ^r. ^d`ufj Jdrd.  Dntudj`fktf nufktd nck 6 gfpdrtd`fktcs? Nc`frnldj „ Dg`lklstrdnlþk y Blkdkzds „ @drmftlke Quijlnlgdg jlgfrdgc pcry uk Efrfktf. „ Didstfnl`lfktc y Yfnurscs Hu`dkcs, ndgd ukc gf fjjcs

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Fj gfpdrtd`fktc gf Didstfnl`lfktc fstä glvlglgc fk 7 sfnnlckfs? Dgqulslnlckfs „ Icgfed „ Wrdkspcrtf „ Jceàstlnd, ndgd ukd gf fjjds nck su rfspfntlvd ofbdturd. Fj gfpdrtd`fktc Nc`frnldj hd glvlglgc ^dktldec fk 7 erupcs? Kcrtf, ^ur, Crlfktf y Qcklfktf, ndgd ukc gf fjjcs nck ukd ofbdturd d ndrec. Fj gfpdrtd`fktc gf Yfnurscs Hu`dkcs, fj nudj fs jlgfrdgc pcr F`ljld @uôcz nufktd nck ukd pfrsckd d ndrec gf ncktrdtdnlþk y ctrd pfrsckd d ndrec gf rf`ukfrdnlckfs. Fj gfp gfpdrt drtd` d`fkt fktc c gf Dg` Dg`lkl lklstr strdnl dnlþk þk y Blk Blkdkz dkzds ds fst fstä ä nc` nc`puf pufstc stc pcr uk Dicedg Dicedgc c fk fknd ndre redg dgc c gf jd rfv rfvls lslþ lþk k gf gc gcnu nu`f `fkt ktcs cs jf jfed edjf jfs, s, uk of ofbf bf gf nc nckt ktdi diljljlg lgdg, dg, uk fkndredgc gf ncktdiljlgdg y uk fkndredgc gf bdnturdnlþk y pdecs.

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Hdnf uk Hdnf ukcs cs `f `fsf sfss dt dträ räss fj kctl kctlnl nlfr frc c gf Nd Ndkd kdjj 4> rf rfdj djlz lzþ þ uk rf rfpc pcrt rtdo dof f sc scir irf f uk vfkg vfkgfg fgcr cr gf ku kufs fstr trd d F` F`pr prfs fsd d qu quf f vfkg vfkgàd àd sd sdnc ncss gf dj djl` l`fk fktc tc pdrd pdrd `d `dsn snct ctds ds dgujtfrdgcs, `fznjdkgc uk djl`fktc gf `focr ndjlgdg nck ukc gf `fkcr prfnlc, jc quf efkfrþ ukd kctdijf idod fk jd gf`dkgd gf sus prcguntcs.

 

DKÄJL^L^ GFJ ND^C   Qrfeuktd 4 

^feÿk jc dprfkglgc scirf jd njdslblndnlþk gf jds F`prfsds ³Nþ`c njdslblndràd ustfg d jd f`prfsd Hfr`dkcs Jdrd3 Fktrfeuf > dreu`fktcs quf rfspdjgfk su njdslblndnlþk.   Fstd Credklzdnlþk sf pufgf njdslblndr pcr jcs sleulfktfs dspfntcs? ^feÿk jd Qrcplfgdg gfj Ndpltdj ? Jd f`prfsd, f`prfsd, sf njd njdslb slblnd lnd nc`c prlvdgd prlvdgd gfilgc  gfilgc d quf sus gufôcs hdk slgc qulfkfs dpcrtdrck su ndpltdj scnldj àktferd`fktf y fj nudj fqulvdjf d $41.111.111.  ^feÿk fj Ä`i ^feÿk Ä`iltc ltc Efc Efcerä eräbln blnc c? ^f njdsl jdslbl blnnd nc` c`c c uk ukd d f`p f`prf rfsd sd jcndj, jcndj,   pu pufs fstc tc qu quf f su suss cpfrdnlckfs sck jjfvdgds d ndic gfktrc gf jd rfelþk `ftrcpcjltdkd, jd nudj hd slgc glvlglgd fk 7 zckds (Kcrtf, ^ur, Crlfktf y Qcklfktf) pdrd jcerdr ukd `dycr fbfntlvlgdg fk su sfrvlnlc.   ^feÿk fj ^fntcr Fnckþ`lnc? Fnckþ`lnc? Fstd credkl credklzdnl zdnlþk þk pfrtfk pfrtfkfnf fnf dj sfntcr tfrnldrlc, tfrnldrlc, pcrquf fs ukd f`prfsd nc`frnldj, slfkgc su dntlvlgdg prlknlpdj jd vfktd dj pcr `dycr gf drtànujcs pdrd `dsnctds.

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Qrfeuktd 9 

Nck k jc jcss gd gdtc tcss ci citf tfkl klgc gcss pc pcrr F` F`ljljld ld @u @uôc ôczz fj fjdi dicr crf f fj cr cred edkl kler erd` d`d d gf jd F` F`pr prfs fsd d Nc `fknlckdkgc sus 6 gfpdrtd`fktcs nck sus rfspfntlvds sfnnlckfs.

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@fknlckf > ärfds buknlckdjfs quf lgfktlblquf gf fstd F`prfsd.  F`prfsd. 

Jds cre credkl dklzdn zdnlck lckfs fs pcs pcsffk ffk ärf ärfds ds buk buknlc nlckdj kdjfs, fs, jds nud nudjfs jfs pfr pfr`lt `ltfk fk gfs gfsdrrc drrcjjd jjdrr glv glvfrs frsds ds dntlvlgdgfs pdrd jd ncksfnunlþk gf sus blkfs. Qcr `fglc gf fstcs, sf iusnd fj jcerc gf sus cioftlvcs y `ftds, dgf`äs gf ukd `dycr fblndnld y fblnlfknld gfj trdidoc d trdvìs gf jd l`pj l`pjf` f`fk fktd tdnl nlþk þk gf uk ukd d ofrd ofrdrq rquà uàd d lktf lktfrk rkd d qu quf f deru derupd pd dj nd ndpl pltd tdjj hu hu`d `dkc kc sf sfeÿ eÿk k su suss fspfnldjlgdgfs. Gfktrc gf jd f`prfsd ‚Hfr`dkcs Jdrd Jl`ltdgd‐, sf jcerdk lgfktlblndr jds sleulfktfs ärfds? Efrfknld Efkfrdj ? Fkndredgd gf jd pjdklblndnlþk, glrfnnlþk y ncktrcj gf tcgds jds ärfds

pfrtfkfnlfktfs d jd f`prfsd tdjfs nc`c Yfnurscs Hu`dkcs, Blkdkzds, @drmftlke, ftn. Fs slk juedr d gugds gugds,, fj `ctcr gf tcgds jds dntlvlg dntlvlgdgfs dgfs gfsdrrcj gfsdrrcjjdgds jdgds pcr jd credkl credklzdnl zdnlþk. þk. Wlfkf uk rcj bukgd`fktdj fk jd supfrvlslþk y jlgfrdzec gf jds `ls`ds, tdktc lktfrkds nc`c fxtfrkds nck jd blkdjlgdg gf jcerdr sus cioftlvcs fxltcsd`fktf.   Nc`frnldj ?  Ärfd prlknlpd prlknlpdj`fkt j`fktf f crlfkt crlfktdgd dgd hdnld fj fxtfr fxtfrlcr lcr gf jd credklzdnlþk, credklzdnlþk, gfilg gfilgc c d quf

fstä fk ncktdntc glrfntc nck fj pÿijlnc, y d trdvìs gfj nudj pufgf lgfktlblndr d su ncksu`lgcr  cioftlvc cioftl vc y sus kfnfslgd kfnfslgdgfs. gfs. Fstf nckcn nckcnl`lfk l`lfktc tc pfr`l pfr`ltf tf d jd f`prf f`prfsd sd nrfdr fstrdtfelds fstrdtfelds gf vfktds, sfe`fktdr fj `frndgc dj nudj dpuktd, l`pjf`fktdr kufvds bcr`ds gf puijlnltdr sus prcguntcs, fktrf ctrcs. D trdvìs gfj gfsdrrcjjc gf jc dktfrlcr, jd f`prfsd iusnd `dxl`lzdr sus edkdkn edk dknlds lds c utl utljlg jlgdgf dgfss `lk `lkl`l l`lzdk zdkgc gc jcs ncs ncstcs tcs dsc dscnld nldgcs gcs.. Fs pcr fst fstd d rdzþk rdzþk quf fstf fstf gfpdrtd`fktc tlfkf ukd fstrfnhd rfjdnlþk nck fj ärfd gf @drmftlke, yd quf fk nckouktc gfifk fstdr fk pfr`dkfktf gfsdrrcjjc gf lgfds pdrd jcerdr sus cioftlvcs.    Dg`lklstrdnlþk y Blkdkzds?  Ärf Ärfd d crl crlfkt fktdgd dgd dj buk buknlc nlckd` kd`lfk lfktc tc lkt lktfrk frkc c c efstlþ efstlþk k gf jd

f`prfs f`pr fsd= d= sf fk fknd ndre red d gf jds jds cpfr cpfrdn dnlc lckf kfss fk sfkt sfktlg lgc c ef efkf kfrd rdjj pu pufs fs di didr drnd nd td tdkt ktds ds ncktrdtdnlckfs, pdecs glvfrscs, prcvffgcrfs, nrìgltcs, ftn. Fstcs dspfntcs ncktrcjdgcs pcr jd credkl cre dklzdn zdnlþk lþk sf gfk gfkc`l c`lkdk kdk stdmfhcjgfrs stdmfhcjgfrs.. Nc`c ncksfnufknld gf jd citfknlþk gf fstd lkbcr`dnlþk, sf prcnfgf d jd tc`d gf gfnlslckfs pcr pdrtf gf jd efrfknld efkfrdj, jds nudjfs gfifk sfr ncrrfntds y cpcrtukds nck jd blkdjlgdg gf ncrrfelr dnnlckfs lkfblndnfs, pctfknldkgc gfnlslckfs y fstrdtfelds djlkfdgds nck jcs cioftlvcs f`prfsdrldjfs.

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³Tuì prcijf`d ìtlnc fkncktrþ F`ljld @uôcz y nþ`c pcgràd scjunlckdr fstf prcijf`d3 Lgfktlblquf y sfôdjf fj prcijf`d y prcpcked ukd fstrdtfeld pdrd fkbrfktdrjd nck > dreu`fktcs quf jc rfspdjgfk.  D ndusd gfj rfpcrtdof f`ltlgc pcr Ndkdj 4>, hd qufgdgc fk fvlgfknld fj gìilj ncktrcj fbfntudgc pcr jd f`prfsd. Fstf prcijf`d ìtlnc gftfntdgc pcr F`ljld @uôcz, hd efkfrdgc uk kctdijf gfsnfksc fk jd gf`dkgd pcr jcs prcguntcs cbrfnlgcs fk sus sunursdjfs. Qcr jc dktfrlcr, sf rfqulfrf pjdktfdr ukd fstrdtfeld ejcidj pcr pdrtf gf tcgc fj fqulpc gf trdidoc, dpjlndgd fk tcgcs jcs klvfjfs lktferdjfs gf jd credklzdnlþk, lkvcjunrdkgc prlknlpdj`fktf d jds ärfds tdjfs nc`c? @drmftlke ?  Nrfdnlþk f l`pjf`fktdnlþk gf ukd derfslvd nd`pdôd puijlnltdrld, `cgfrkd y

dtrdntlvd nck fj cioftlvc gf nrfdr nfrndkàd fktrf jd f`prfsd y su ncksu`lgcr prc`fglc.  Dgf`äs gf jc pjdktfdgc dktfrlcr`fktf, sf pufgf jjfvdr d ndic ukd rf`cgfjdnlþk gf jds lkstdjdnlckfs f lkbrdfstrunturd gf jcs jcndjfs y ndkdjfs gf dtfknlþk dj pÿijlnc pdrd efkfrdr uk nd`ilc lktferdj fk su l`defk ncrpcrdtlvd.  Didstfnl`lfktc? Nc`prfkgf jd `cgfrklzdnlþk y dntudjlzdnlþk gf jcs fstäkgdrfs gf nc`prd

d jc jcss prcv prcvff ffgc gcrf rfs. s. Fs Fstf tf bd bdnt ntcr cr fs gftf gftfr` r`lk lkdk dktf tf sl sf rf rfqu qulf lfrf rf gf jd fj fjl` l`lk lkdn dnlþ lþk k c jd `lkl`lzdnlþk gf jd cnurrfknld gf kufvcs prcijf`ds nc`c fj `cstrdgc pcr fj rfpcrtdof gf Ndkdj 4>. Fj pjdktfd`lfktc gf jjfvdr d ndic uk trdidoc fk nckouktc nck jcs prcvffgcrfs efkfrd efk frdrä rä ukd þpt þptl`d l`d nc` nc`ukl uklndn ndnlþk lþk y dpc dpcyc yc `ut `utuc, uc, efk efkfrd frdkgc kgc `äs nfr nfrndk ndkàd àd nck sus stdmfh std mfhcjg cjgfrs frs== jc quf lrä fk glr glrfnt fntc c ifk ifkfbl fblnlc nlc gf d`ids d`ids pdr pdrtfs tfs lktfrfsd lktfrfsdgds gds fk fj ìxl ìxltc tc nc`frnldj gf jd credklzdnlþk fk tìr`lkcs gf l`defk nc`c f`prfsd, rdkec gf vfktds y ndjlgdg gf jcs prcguntcs. Yfnurscs hu`dkcs?  Fs lkglspfksdijf `focrdr jds hfrrd`lfktds y jcs fstäkgdrfs pdrd jd

fvdjudnlþk y ncktrcj gfj pfrsckdj jledgc d jd credklzdnlþk. Fstcs prcnfgl`lfktcs sf gfifk rfdjljlzd rfd zdrr nck nck jd blkd blkdjljlgd gdg g gf `d `dkt ktfk fkfr fr jcs jcs ci ciof oftltlvc vcss pc pcrr nu nu`p `pjljlr, r, dgf` dgf`äs äs gf iusn iusndr dr jd pfr`dkfknld d jdrec pjdzc gf pfrsckdj ndjlblndgc f lgþkfc fk ndgd fstd`fktc gf jd f`prfsd fk sus sus glst glstlk lktc tcss klvf klvfjf jfs. s. Gf jd `l `ls` s`d d bc bcr` r`d, d, fj pr prcn cnfs fsc c gf rfn rfnju jutd td`l `lfk fktc tc gf kufv kufvcs cs trdidodgcrfs gfif fstdr djlkfdgc nck jd `lslþk y vlslþk gf jd credklzdnlþk, y fk ncksfnufknld efkfrdr uk nc`prc`lsc rfdj hdnld jd credklzdnlþk. ^l sf prfsfktd jd fvfktudjlgdg quf jcs f`pjfdgcs kc `dktlfkfk uk klvfj `àkl`c gf nc`prc`lsc nck jcs vdjcrfs ncrpcrdtlvcs, sf gfif prcnfgfr d su gfsvlknujdnlþk.  

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NCKNJV^LÞK  

Fj dkä dkäjls jlsls ls gf jd f`p f`prfs rfsd d y su njd njdslb slblnd lndnlþ nlþk, k, sus vdr vdrldg ldgds ds fstrun fstruntur turds ds credkl credklzdt zdtlvd lvdss y prcguntlvds, pfr`ltfk nc`prfkgfr su l`pcrtdknld gfktrc gf kufstrc fktcrkc.  

Fj rfnckcnfr, fvdjudr y ncktrcjdr jcs bdntcrfs dgvfrscs quf pufgdk lkbjulr fk jd cpcrtuklgdg gf l`pjf`fktdr l`pjf `fktdr `focrds, sck nc`pc nc`pckfktfs kfktfs kfnfsdrl kfnfsdrlcs cs pdrd nudjqulfr nudjqulfr credkl credklzdnlþ zdnlþk k nck ukd `lrdgd hdnld fj buturc.  

Nccrglkdr fj rfnjutd`lfktc gf pfrsckdj nc`prc`ftlgc nck jd vlslþk y `lslþk gf jd f`prfsd, jcerdr rftrliulr jd nckbldkzd gf jcs prcvffgcrfs y njlfktfs, dgcptdr fstrunturds blkdknlfrds quf edrdkt edr dktlnf lnfk k rfk rfktdi tdiljl ljlgdg gdg pcs pcsltl ltlvd, vd, tc` tc`dr dr jds gfn gfnlsl lslckf ckfss nc ncrrfn rrfntds tds `lf `lfktr ktrds ds sf `dk `dktfk tfkedk edk lkvfrslckfs rfktdijfs y dgf`äs jcerdr dkäjlsls, djtfrkdtlvds y rfkgl`lfktc fk tlf`pcs glbànljfs= sck fjf fjf`fk `fktcs tcs quf sf jce jcerdk rdk dj nck nckcnf cnfrr jcs jlkf jlkfd`l d`lfkt fktcs cs gf jd credk credklzd lzdnlþ nlþk, k, slfkg slfkgc c cioftlvcs, l`pcrtdktfs y fjf`fktdjfs dj `c`fktc gf lklnldr prcnfscs y bdntcrfs gf `frndgc.  

 D trdvìs gf fstf lkbcr`f, sf hdk pcglgc fvdjudr jds prcijf`ätlnds, gl`fkslckdr jd gfblklnlþk gf ukd f`prfsd y, scirf tcgc, jd l`defk quf sf gfsfd prcyfntdr pdrd jcerdr jd blgfjlzdnlþk gf jcs njlfktfs y, prlknlpdj`fktf, sfr ukd credklzdnlþk buknlckdj dj `c`fktc gf ncktdr nck fjf`fktcs vdjcrdijfs quf sf citlfkf gf ukd fblnlfktf sfjfnnlþk gfj rfnursc hu`dkc.

Jd F`prfsd bd`ljldr Hfr`dkcs Jdrd Jtgd. Jtgd. jcerd dj fstrunturdr jd credklzdnlþk, fkbcndrsf fk glstrliulr gf `dkfrd `äs fblnlfktf jcs rfnurscs, pjdktfdr fstrdtfelds quf suisdkfk nudjqulfr  lrrfeujdrlgdg c prcijf`d, pdrd ncknfktrdrsf fk jds ärfds gìiljfs nck fj blk gf quf nu`pjdk su cioftl cio ftlvc vc buk buknlc nlckdj kdj.. Nck fst fstc, c, jcs fst fstäkg äkgdrf drfss gf ndj ndjlgd lgdg, g, ndpdnl ndpdnlgdg gdg,, prc prcgun guntlv tlvlgd lgdg g y gf gf`dkgd hdräk quf jcs sfrvlnlcs cbrfnlgcs pcr jd f`prfsd sfdk jcs rfqufrlgcs pcr su pÿijlnc cioftlvc.  

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