Testamento Militar

 

 

NCATEVCF FD FD_DA@B Vdkc  

:

―QTADQHÑG VDQVCKDGVC_HC VDQVCKDGVB KHEHVC_‛

  Ceukgbs :  

 

Acrucjueac Acseeb Mdvhg Iudvcrc Iceecrfb Dfsbg

 

@drgãgfdz \cfheec Fdeuhfds

 

Hkcg Qdrgcqud Curbrc Cgidec

 

Qcgtc Aruz _bjcs Qdiugfb Dundkhb

 

^heedics Boehtcs Jughbr Fcvhf

 

^cefdrrckc Eebgtbp Mdrdg Gbdkh

 Fbadgtd : Ahaeb

Acstrb Qccvdfrc Kcacrdgc fd Nãkc A`ukcadrb Ebzcgb, Qckude

:

Ki. _bsc Kcrëc A`ukcg Kdjëc 

^HH - C - tugb gba`d.

  \hkdgtde - ?. DE BNHAHCE CAVTC_HB..............................................................................................3? 9. AECQDQ FD VDQVCKDGVB KHEHVC_. .....................................................................31   9.3. \br ec acehfcf fde btbricgtd......................................................................................31   9.?. \br ec nbrkc fd btbrickhdgtb...................................................................................36

0. V_ÃKHVD FDE VDQVCKDGVB KHEHVC_................................................................36 8. _D^BACAHÑG................................................................................................................3> 3 gb eb prdvdëc. De Añfhib fd Justhahc Khehtcr fd 3080 fdrbiñ ecs fhspbshahbgds fde Añfhib fd 304? sbord dstd tdstckdgtb, y de prbkueicfb dg 3818 gb dgugahñ gcfc ce rdspdatb. Dstd tdstckdgtb fdscpcrdahñ fd gudstrb brfdgckhdgtb c pdscr fd `codr shfb  prbpudstb pbr Aceed dg ebs cgtdprbydatbs. cgtdprbydatbs. Qd dgaudgtrc edihsecfb dg Nrcgahc, Htcehc, Dspcóc y \brtuice y dg ebs prhgahpceds pcësds ecthgbckdrhacgbs. Abrvdttb y Da`dabpcr  >

 

dstuvhdrbg fd caudrfb abg ec dehkhgcahñg fd èstd tdstckdgtb pbrqud ec nbrkc beñircnc  pudfd sdr dkpedcfc dg aucequhdr acsb fd dkdridgahc, dkdridgahc, pbr ug ahvhe b ug khehtcr, dg thdkpb fd pcz b fd ackpcóc. \crc su btbrickhdgtb sd rdquhdrd qud dxhstc ug dstcfb fd iudrrc, pufhdgfb sdr fdgtrb b nudrc fde pcës. Fd caudrfb ce Crtëaueb 93? fde Añfhib Ahvhe \drucgb catuce pudfdg btbricreb ecs pdrsbgcs caucrtdecfcs b pcrthahpcgfb dg bpdrcahbgds oèehacs: c) Ebs khd khdkorb korbss fd ecs Nudrz Nudrzcs cs Crkcf Crkcfcs, cs, ds fda fdahr, hr, quhd quhdgds gds pdrtdgda pdrtdgdadg dg ce Djèrahtb, Djèrahtb, c ec Kcrhgc b c ec Cvhcahñg.  o) Ebs khdkorbs ffdd ec \behaëc Gcahb Gcahbgce. gce. a) Ecs pd pdrsbgc rsbgcss qud shrvcg shrvcg b shic shicgg c fha`cs nu nudrzc drzcs. s. Èstd tèrkhgb tèrkhgb rdsuetc rdsuetc tcg ckpehb ckpehb qud aucequhdrc pudfd btbricr dstc aecsd fd tdstckdgtb. Dg dndatb, de pbgdgtd gbs fhad qud pudfdg `cadreb ecs ―pdrsbgcs qud shiudg ce Djèrahtb‛, tceds abkb ebs bosdrvcfbrds bosdrvcfb rds khehtcrds dxtrcgjdrbs y ebs abrrdspbgsceds abrrdspbgsceds gcahbgceds b dxtrcgjdrbs. f) Ebs pprhshb rhshbgdrbs gdrbs dg iu iudrrc drrc dg pbfd pbfdrr fd ec nu nudrzc drzc ppdruc drucgc. gc. d) Ebs pd pdrucg rucgbs bs qud sd dgaudg dgaudgtrdg trdg dg pbfdr pbfdr fde dgdk dgdkhib, hib, quhdgd quhdgdss thdgdg de khskb khskb fdrda`b abgnbrkd c ecs Abgvdgahbgds Hgtdrgcahbgceds. Qd sdócec tckohèg qud ecs pdrsbgcs abgfdgcfcs c pdgcs prhvcthvcs fd ehodrtcf, abkb  pdghtdgahcrhc, rdedicahñg, b hgtdrgckhdgtb qud eedvcg abkb scgahñg abkpedkdgtcrhc abkpedkdgtcrhc ec hgtdrfhaahñg ahvhe qud eds prhvc fde djdrahahb fd sus fdrda`bs ahvheds, sd `ceecg hkpdfhfbs fd btbricr tdstckdgtb. Fd caudrfb c deeb, dstd dgugahcfb sd cpehacrëc abg kcybr rczñg ce acsb fd ebs prhshbgdrbs fd iudrrc, quhdgds dstãg prhvcfbs tbtcekdgtd fd ehodrtcf. Kcs gb ds cs csë= ë= tcg tcgtb tb ecs pdrsb pdrsbgcs gcs abgfd abgfdgcf gcfcs cs c pdgcs pdgcs prhvc prhvcthv thvcs cs fd ec ehodrt ehodrtcf cf ab abkb kb ebs  prhshbgdrbs fd iudrrc, abgsdrvcg sus fdrda`bs ahvheds hgaeuydgfb pbr supudstb, de fd tdstcr.  Gudstrb Añfhib sd rdnhdrd c ckobs acsbs: de fde fd prhshbgdrbs dxtrcgjdrbs dg pbfdr  gudstrb y de fde prhshbgdrb pdrucgb dg kcgbs fde dgdkhib= `cahdgfb kdgahñg dg èstd úethkb caãphtd qud, fdohfb c ahraugstcgahc ahraugstcgahcss fd `da`b prãathackdgtd hgsupdrcoeds, tdgfrã qud btbricr tdstckdgtb fd abgnbrkhfcf abg ebs rdquhshtbs fd nbrkc dstcoedahfbs pbr ec edy fde rdspdathvb pcës.

Crtëaueb Crtëa ueb 93?º 93?º..-  \ud \udfdg fdg btb btbric ricrr tds tdstck tckdgt dgtbb khe khehtc htcrr ebs khdkor khdkorbs bs fd ecs Nudrz Nudrzcs cs Crkcfcs y fd ecs Nudrzcs \behahceds, qud dg thdkpb fd iudrrc dstèg fdgtrb b nudrc fde 9

 

 pcës, caucrtdecfbs caucrtdecfbs b pcrthahpcgfb dg bpdrcahbgd bpdrcahbgdss oèehacs= ecs pdrsbgcs qud shrvcg b shicg c fha`cs nudrzcs= y ebs prhshbgdrbs fd iudrrc qud dstèg dg pbfdr fd ecs khskcs. Ebs prhshbgdrbs qud sd dgaudgtrdg dg pbfdr fde dgdkhib thdgdg de khskb fdrda`b, abgnbrkd c ecs Abgvdgahbgds Hgtdrgcahbgceds.

Crtëaueb 931º.- De tdstckdgtb khehtcr pudfd sdr btbricfb cgtd ug bnhahce, b cgtd de jdnd fde fdstcackdgtb, pudstb b abkcgfb ce qud pdrtdgdzac de tdstcfbr, cugqud fha`b jdnd gb tdgic ec aecsd fd bnhahce, b cgtd de kèfhab b de acpdeeãg qud eb cshstcg, sh de tdstcfbr dstã `drhfb b dgndrkb, y dg prdsdgahc fd fbs tdsthibs. Qbg nbrkcehfcfds fd dstd tdstckdgtb qud abgstd pbr dsarhtb y qud sdc nhrkcfb pbr de tdstcfbr, pbr ec pdrsbgc cgtd ec auce ds btbricfb y pbr ebs tdsthibs.

Crtëaueb 936º.-  De tdstckdgtb khehtcr sd `crã eedicr, c ec ordvdfcf pbshoed y pbr  abgfuatb rdiuecr, ce rdspdathvb Aucrtde Idgdrce, fbgfd sd fdjcrã abgstcgahc fd ec aecsd khehtcr b kcgfb fd ec pdrsbgc cgtd ec auce `c shfb btbricfb. Eudib sdrã rdkhthfb ce Khghstdrhb ce qud abrrdspbgfc, qud eb dgvhcrã ce judz fd prhkdrc hgstcgahc fd ec acphtce fd ec prbvhgahc fbgfd de tdstcfbr tuvb su úethkb fbkhahehb. Qh dg ecs prdgfcs fd ceiugcs fd ecs pdrsbgcs c qud sd rdnhdrd de crtëaueb 93?º y qud `uohdrc kudrtb, sd `ceecrc ug tdstckdgtb beñircnb, sd ed fcrã de khskb trãkhtd.

?. NB_KCEHFCFDQ NB_KCEHFCFDQ.. Ecs nbrkcehfcfds fd dstd tdstckdgtb sbg: qud abgstd pbr dsarhtb y qud sdc nhrkcfb pbr de tdstcfbr, pbr ec pdrsbgc cgtd ec auce ds btbricfb y pbr fbs tdsthibs, sdiúg de Crtëaueb 931 fde Añf Añfhib hib Ahv Ahvhe he \dr \drucg ucgbb cat catuc ucee (dg cfd cfdecg ecgtd td ―A.A.‛ ―A.A.‛). ). De pb pbgdg gdgtd td cirdiñ cirdiñ dg su Cgtdprbydatb qud pbfëc ncetcr ec nhrkc fd ebs tdsthibs sh gb pufhdrcg nhrkcrc b gb suphdrcg `cadreb= dgugahcgfb qud cadrtcfckdgtd dehkhgñ ec Abkhshñg _dvhsbrc. Ec rczñg thdgd qud `codr shfb prdahsckdgtd qud ebs cgcencodtbs dstãg hkpdfhfbs fd sdr  tdsthibs tdstckdgtcrhbs. Drib, fd rdabgbadrsd qud pbfëcg ncetcrc èstbs, su catucahñg fdjcoc fd sdr ug rdquhshtb, aucgfb su prdsdgahc ds nugfckdgtce dg dstc aecsd fd tdstckdgtb. De tdstckdgtb khehtcr sd btbric cgtd ug bnhahce b ugc cutbrhfcf qud gb rdquhdrd shquhdrc fd dsc abgfhahñg kdgahbgcgfb de Añfhib ce jdnd fde fdstcackdgtb, pudstb b abkcgfb ce 0

 

qud pdrtdgdzac de tdstcfbr. Vckohèg pudfd fdndrhrsd (dgtrdicrsd) cgtd de kèfhab b acpdeeãg qud cshstc ce tdstcfbr sh èstd dstã `drhfb b dgndrkb, pdrb shdkprd dg prdsdgahc fd fbs tdsthibs. De Añfhib Ahvhe \drucgb catuce gb dxhid qud ec dsarhturc ec `cic de tdstcfbr, ec pdrsbgc cgtd ec auce sd btbric, b ug tdsthib. \br abgshiuhdgtd, pudfd `cadrec aucequhdrc: hgaeusb ugc pdrsbgc fhsthgtc c ecs kdgahbgcfcs, shdkprd qud èstcs nhrkdg.

1. DNDAVBQ \BQVD_HB_DQ. Tgc vdz qud sd `c btbricfb de tdstckdgtb khehtcr, sd ed fdod fd fcr de trãkhtd rdspdathvb, abgtdkpecr sh sd fc b gb sd fc ec acfuahfcf y pbstdrhbrkdgtd prbadfdr c su abkpcrcahñg y su abkprbocahñg jufhahce y prbtbabehzcahñg gbtcrhce. Ec prbtbabehzcahñg sd rdnhdrd c ec nbrkcehzcahñg cfdaucfc qud kdrdad de tdstckdgtb khehtcr.

1.3. Vrckhtcahñg. De tdstckdgtb sd `crã eedicr c ec ordvdfcf pbshoed y pbr abgfuatb rdiuecr ce rdspdathvb Aucrtde Idgdrce, fbgfd sd fdjcrã abgstcgahc fd ec aecsd khehtcr b kcgfb fd ec pdrsbgc cgtd ec auce `c shfb btbricfb. Eudib sdrã rdkhthfb ce Khghstdrhb qud abrrdspbgfc, de auce sdrã de fd Fdndgsc b fde Hgtdrhbr sdiúg sh ec cutbrhfcf cgtd quhdg `c shfb btbricfb pdrtdgdzac c ecs Nudrzcs Crkcfcs b fd ec \behaëc Gcahbgce .De Khghstdrhb abrrdspbgfhdgtd eb dgvhcrã ce judz fd  prhkdrc hgstcgahc fd ec acphtce fd ec prbvhgahc fbgfd de tdstcfbr tuvb su úethkb fbkhahehb. Dstd khskb trãkhtd sd ed fcrã ce tdstckdgtb beñircnb `ceecfb dg ecs prdgfcs fd ceiugc fd ecs pdrsbgcs kdgahbgcfcs y qud `uohdrd kudrtb, fd caudrfb ce Crtëaueb 936 fde A.A.

 1.?. Acfuahfcf. Dstc sd prbfuad c ebs trds kdsds fdsfd qud de tdstcfbr fdjd fd dstcr dg ackpcóc y eediud c ug euicr fde tdrrhtbrhb gcahbgce fbgfd sdc pbshoed btbricr  tdstckdgtb dg ecs nbrkcs brfhgcrhcs. Vrctãgfbsd fd ug tdstckdgtb dspdahce, acfuac shg qud kudrc de acuscgtd pbr tdgdr vhidgahc trcgshtbrhc. ^ced sbeb sh de tdstcfbr nceedad furcgtd ec ackpcóc b fdgtrb fd ebs trds kdsds fd su eedicfc c tdrrhtbrhb gcahbgce fbgfd `cyc Gbtcrhb. X ds qud ec uthehzcahñg fde gúkdrb peurce pbr de edihsecfbr (dg aucgtb c ec nrcsd ―fbgfd sdc pbshoed btbricr tdstckdgtb dg ecs nbrkcs brfhgcrhcs‛) `cad pdgscr qud dg de euicr c qud eediud de tdstcfbr thdgd qud `codr ug Gbtcrhb pcrc qud sdc pbshoed de btbrickhdgtb dg dsarhturc púoehac b de adrrcfb. 8

 

Ec Abkhshñg _dvhsbrc cirdiñ ug pãrrcnb c dstc fhspbshahñg hgfhacgfb qud de  peczb fd acfuahfcf sd abkputc c pcrthr fd ec nda`c fde fbaukdgtb bnhahce qud cutbrhzc de rdtbrgb fde tdstcfbr shg pdrjuhahb fde tèrkhgb fd ec fhstcgahc. Dstd dgugahcfb eb dgabgtrckbs tbtcekdgtd abgtrcfhatbrhb dg rdecahñg c ec gbrkc dxpudstc, puds sdócec ug añkputb fhndrdgtd pcrc de peczb= y ec úghac hgtdrprdtcahñg ab`drdgtd qud pbfdkbs fcred ds qud sd rdnhdrd ce acsb fd quhdg fdjc fd dstcr dg ackpcóc y gb vudevd ce pcës, pufhègfbeb `cadr. De Crtëaueb ahtcfb cirdic qud sh de tdstckdgtb btbricfb dg ecs ahraugstcgahcs kdgahbgcfcs kdgahbgcf cs tuvhdrc ebs rdquhshtbs fde tdstckdgtb beñircnb, acfuac ce cób fd ec kudrtd b nceedahkhdgtb fde tdstcfbr abgnhrkcgfb qud ed ds fd cpehacahñg de  peczb fd acfuahfcf acfuahfcf qud de Crtëaueb 9. DE BNHAHCE CAVTC_HB. Qdiúg de Fr. Jucg Zãrctd fde \hgb, dg su Ehorb cadrac fde Aursb fd Fdrda`b fd Quadshbgds, dg ec pcrtd fd nbrkcs fd ebs tdstckdgtbs, hgfhac qud pbfrãg uscr dstc nbrkc tdstckdgtcrhc ebs khdkorbs fd ecs Nudrzcs Crkcfcs y Nudrzcs \behahceds qud dstèg fdgtrb b nudrc fde pcës, caucrtdecfbs b pcrthahpcgfb fd bpdrcahbgds bpdrcahbgds oèehacs= ecs pdrsbgcs qud shrvcg b shicg c dscs nudrzcs, tceds abkb prbndshbgceds fd ec sceuf, ebs iuëcs vbeugtcrhbs, ebs rd`dgds y ebs prhshbgdrbs fd iudrrc qud dstèg dg pbfdr fd ecs khskcs, rczñg pbr ec auce gb tdgfrã qud caufhr cgtd ug Gbtcrhb pcrc uscr ecs nbrkcs brfhgcrhcs, tce abkb eb hgfhac tckohèg de crtëaueb 93?¼ fde Añfhib Ahvhe. Cgtd dstb acod ec prdiugtc ²cgtd quhdg dgtbgads sd btbric2, de Fr. Cuiustb Ndrrdrb, dg su trctcfb fd ―Fdrda`b fd Quadshbgds‛ `cad rdndrdgahc qud de Vdstckdgtb Khehtcr pudfd sdr sdr btbr btbric icfb fb cgtd cgtd ug Bn Bnha hahc hce, e, Jd Jdnd nd fd Fdst Fdstca cack ckdg dgtb tb,, \uds \udstb tb b Abkc Abkcgf gfbb ce qu qudd  pdrtdgdzac de tdstcfbr= y pcrc deeb gb ds gdad gdadscrhb scrhb qud fha`b JJdnd dnd tdgic ec aec aecsd sd fd bnhahce gh qud bstdgtd fdtdrkhgcfb rcgib= cshkhskb btrc ahraugstcgahc dxadpahbgce ds qud sh de tdstcfbr sd dgaudgtrc dgndrkb b `drhfb eb pudfd `cadr cgtd de kèfhab b acpdeeãg qud eb cshstc. cshs tc. \drb de khsk khskbb gb sd dxhk dxhkdd qud tdgic qud sdr dsarhtb y abg ec prdsdgahc prdsdgahc fd fbs tdsthibs, bovhckdgtd kcybrds fd dfcf, tce abkb eb dxhid de crtëaueb 931 fd gudstrb Añfhib Ahvhe. Cgtd dstb, de bnhahce catucrhb, ds de prbndshbgce fde Fdrda`b, quhdg djdrad ugc cathvc  pcrthahpcahñg fdgtrb fde Fdrda`b Khehtcr, auyc khshñg prhgahpce fde edtrcfb gcahbgce corczcgfb ec acrrdrc khehtcr b dg bacshbgds abgtrctcfb pcrc acsbs dspdaënhabs `c dstcfb brhdgtcfc shdkprd c kcgtdgdr vhidgtd de brfdgckhdgtb jurëfhab acstrdgsd, csë abkb abgtrhouhr ce dstcoedahkhdgtb fde hkpdrhb fde brfdg, fd ec kbrcehfcf y fd ec fhsahpehgc 3?

 

fdgtrb fdg trb fde Hgs Hgstht thtutb utb d= hga hgaeus eushvd hvd,, cfk cfkhgh hghstr strcr cr jus justha thahc hc khehtc khehtcrr pc pcrc rc scgahb scgahbgcr gcr abg frcsthahfcf su qudorcgtckhdgtb, puds tbfc Nudrzc Crkcfc sd rhid pbr gbrkcs b edyds qud crthauecg su fhgãkhac hgsthtuahbgce. Qhg dkocrib pcrc de acsb abgardtb de bnhahce catucrhb ds cqude qud fc ec vcehfdz ce tdstckdgtb khehtcr, qud `c shfb btbricfb dg ahraugstcgahcs dspdahceds qud fdtdrkhgc ec gb gbrk rkc, c, fd fdkã kãss qu qudd tcko tckohè hègg ds de ―G ―Gbt btcr crhb hb Kheh Khehtc tcr‛ r‛ cg cgtd td de au auce ce sd fc de ca catb tb tdstckdgtcrhb, b qud adrthnhac de khskb, puds gb gbs fdodkbs bevhfcr qud èe tckohèg ds ug khehtcr y pbr dgfd dg rczñg c sus nugahbgds tckohèg pcrthahpc dg ug ahraugstcgahc dspdahce abkb eb ds ec iudrrc. Dg vhrtuf c eb cgtds fdsarhtb pbfdkbs kcghndstcr qud ebs rdquhshtbs fde bnhahce catucrhb, tcgtb nbrkceds abkb pdrsbgceds sbg: c) Qd Qdrr kcy kcybr br fd dfcf dfcf..  o) \drtdgdadr c ec ecss Nudrzcs Crkc Crkcfcs fcs (NNCC). a) Qdr prb prbnds ndshbg hbgce ce fde Fdr Fdrda da`b. `b.

9. AECQDQ FD VDQVCKDGVB KHEHVC_. Qdiúg ec fbatrhgc rdvhscfc pbfdkbs gbtcr ec dxhstdgahc fd ecs shiuhdgtds aecsds:

9.3. \br ec acehfcf fde btbricgtd c) Vdstckdgtb khehtcr btbricfb pbr khdkorb khehtcr b pbehahce.- \bfdkbs `cadr ec cabtcahñg qud gb sbeb cndatc b hgaeuyd c ebs khdkorbs fd ecs nudrzcs crkcfcs, tcgtb ecs qud sd dgaudgtrcg dg thdrrc abkb cqudeecs qud sd dgadgtrcg dg de kcr pudfdg btbricr  tdstckdgtb khehtcr dg acsb fd abgnehatb oèehab shdgfb de acsb fd ecs uohacfcs dg kdfhbs cauãt cauãthab habss quh quhdg dgds ds thdgd thdgdgg ec prd prdndr ndrdga dgahc hc fd dx dxpdf pdfhr hr tdstck tdstckdgt dgtbb khehtc khehtcrr cgtds cgtds qud kcrëthkb. Cfdkãs fd sdr cpehacoed c ebs khdkorbs qud aukpedg nugahbgds oèehacs cèrdcs dg auyb acsb dstd fdodrã sdr rdfcatcfb sdiúg ecs nbrkcehfcfds vhidgtds.  o) Vdstckdgtb khehtcr btbricfb pbr pdrsbgcs ahvhe qud shiud c ecs nudrzcs crkcfcs.\bfdkbs vdr qud dstd thpb tdstckdgtcrhb gb sd dgaudgtrc ahraugsarhptb ahraugsarhptbss eckdgtd pcrc ebs khdkorbs fd ecs Nudrzcs Crkcfcs qud rdcehzcg cathvhfcfds oèehacs. Csë, pudfd sdr  btbricfb pbr de pdrsbgce ahvhe qud fdscrrbeec cathvhfcfds gb oèehacs dg de hgtdrhbr fd 31

 

ceiugc fd ecs pcrtds dg abgnehatb, dsd sdrëc de acsb fd ebs abrrdspbgsceds fd prdgsc y ebs bosdrvcfbrdss khehtcrds dxtrcgjdrbs. bosdrvcfbrd a) Vd Vdst stck ckdg dgtb tb kh kheh ehtc tcrr btbr btbric icfb fb pbr pbr prhs prhshb hbgd gdrb rbss dg pb pbfd fdrr fd fdee dg dgdk dkhi hib. b.-- Abkb Abkb kdga kd gahb hbgc gckb kbss cgtd cgtdrh rhbr brkd kdgtd gtd,, ds dstc tc nhiu nhiurc rc tdst tdstck ckdg dgtc tcrhc rhc gb pu pudf dfdd sd sdrr bt btbr bric icfb fb úghackdgtd pbr ebs khdkorbs fd ecs nudrzcs crkcfcs qud sd dgaudgtrcg dg ecs caahbgds  oèehacs= pbr deeb pbfdkbs gbtcr qud ebs eeckcfbs ―prhshbgdrbs fd iudrrc‛, qud sbg cqudeecs pdrsbgcs acpturcfcs acpturcfcs pbr nudrzcs dgdkhics y prhvcfcs fd su ehodrtcf dg s acehfcf fd hgtdircgtds fd ecs nudrzcs crkcfcs dgdkhics. Dstc nhiurc tdstckdgtcrhc pudfd sdr  cpehacfc ircahcs c fhspbshahbgds rdiuecfcs dg trctcfbs hgtdrgcahbgceds abkb de Abgvdghb fd Ihgdorc qud dg su crtëaueb 3?