Tesis - Santos Belinda Escober 20220219
February 6, 2023 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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9
[LBQKP]BHIH GN]Â MKMBCBN HKC QICCK QBMK PKMXNPÄI HK BLLNQIMBÝL R HK]IPPNCCN ]B]XKDI HK K]X[HBN] HK ZN]FPIHN DIK]XPÄI KL HKPKMON HKC XPI@IGN R ZPNXKMMBÝL ]NMBIC
–CI CKR R ZPNFPIDI LIMBNLIC HK KDZCKN ZNP ONPI] R ][ DKGNPI KL CN] ]B]XKDI] HK MNLXPIXN] MNDN AIMXNP HK K]XBD[CN ZIPI CI FKLKPIMBÝL HK KDZCKN] KL KC ]KMXNP KDZPK]IPBIC— ]ILXN] @KCBLHI K]MN@KP DNLXK] Xksbs sndkthi i ci mnlsbhkrimbýl hkc ]bskdi hk Ksuhbns hk Znsfrihn piri npir ic frihn hk Diksräi kl Hkrkmon hkc Xri`ign y Zrnkmmbýl ]nmbic.
Xkfumbficpi, D.H.M, Onlhuris, M.I. Ak`rkrn, 0:00.
0
Ksi ongi sk oi hkgihn kl `cilmn hkcb`krihidklk.
=
[LBQKP]BHIH GN]Â MKMBCBN HKC QICCK QBMK PKMXNPÄI HK BLLNQIMBÝL R HK]IPPNCCN ]B]XKDI HK K]X[HBN] HK ZN]FPIHN DIK]XPÄI KL HKPKMON HKC XPI@IGN R ZPNXKMMBÝL ]NMBIC –CI CKR R ZPNFPIDI LIMBNLIC HK KDZCKN ZNP ONPI] R
][ DKGNPI KL CN] ]B]XKDI] HK MNLXPIXN] MNDN AIMXNP HK K]XBD[CN ZIPI CI FKLKPIMBÝL HK KDZCKN] KL KC ]KMXNP KDZPK]IPBIC — ]ILXN] @KCBLHI K]MN@KP DNLXK].
Xksbs sndkthi i ci mnlsbhkrimbýl hkc ]bskdi hk Ksuhbns hk Znsfrihn piri npir ic frihn hk Diksräi kl Hkrkmon hkc Xri`ign y Zrnkmmbýl ]nmbic. I]K]NP HK XK]B] D]M. LÂDK]R] HKGILRPI MI@ICCKPN MI]XKCCÝL
Xkfumbficpi, D.H.M, Onlhuris, M.I. Ak`rkrn hkc 0:00.
8
HKHBMIXNPBI Kc prksklk ri`ign blvkstfitvn cn hkhbmn prblmbpicdklk i Hbns, pnr skr kc blspbrihnr y hirdk au aukr krzi zi piri piri mn mnlt ltlu luir ir kl ks ksk k pr prnm nmks ksn n hk n`k n`klk lkrr uln uln hk cn cnss il ilok okcn cnss dés dés hksk hkskih ihns ns..
I db kspnsn, pnr su idnr, ipnyn, ri`ign y simrbmbn nhn ksk tkdpn, frimbis i su ipnyn blmnlhbmbnlic ok cnfrihn cckfir oisi iquä y mnlvkrtrdk kl cn quk sny. I dbs pihrks y okrdilis (ns) pnr ksir sbkdprk prksklks, imndpiùélhndk y pnr kc ipnyn dnric, quk dk `rblhirnl i cn cirfn c irfn hk ksi kipi hk db vbhi.
;
IFPIHKMBDBKLXN] Ifrihkmkdns i Hbns pnr `klhkmbrdk ci vbhi, pnr fubirdk i cn cirfn hk db kxbsklmbi, pnr skr kc ipnyn y anrickzi kl iqukccns dndklns hk hbmucih y hk hk`bcbhih. Frimbis i db kspnsn y aidbcbirks, pnr skr cns prblmbpicks prndnnrks hk dbs sukùns, pnr mnlir y mrkkr kl dbs kxpkmitvis, pnr cns c ns mnlskgns, vicnrks y prblmbpbns quk dk oil blmucmihn. Ifrihkmkdns i dbs hnmklks hk ci [lbvkrsbhih Gnsâ Mkmbcbn hkc Qicck, pnr oi`kr mndpirthn sus mnlnmbdbklns i cn cirfn hk ci c i prkpirimbýl hk ci diksräi. I db isksnr hk Xksbs, Lâdksbs Mi`icckrn, pnr cckvirdk hk ci diln y fubirdk kl ci kci`nrimbýl hk ksk prnykmn. I dbs mndpiùkrns hk mcisks, pnr skr blmnlhbmbnlicks, pnr ipnyirdk y iyuhirdk i kdpnhkrirdk, kspkmbicdklk i Vicksei [rquäi, Ai`rbmbn Acnrks, Oâmnr Häiz, Pnsi @irionli y Kulbmk Irâvicn. I dbs gkaks y cbhkrks hk Vicdir, Pn`krn L÷ùkz, Ciuri Frilkri y Écvirn @irqukrn quk dk oil imndpiùih imndp iùihn n nhn ksk tkdpn tkdpn,, kdpn kdpnhkré hkrélhnd lhndk, k, hksi hksirrnccé rrnccélhnd lhndkk y `rblh `rblhélhn élhndk dk nhn kc ipnyn quk ok lkmksbihn. Db ifrihkmbdbkln i ci ulbvkrsbhih Gnsâ Mkmbcbn hkc Qicck, pnr mnlir kl dä, pnr i`rbrdk cis pukris y pnr skr ci skhk hk nhn kc mnlnmbdbkln ihqubrbhn nhn ksk tkdpn.
1
ONGI HK IZPN@IMBÝL Ksi Xksbs auk imkpihi pnr ci Mnnrhblimbýl hkc Zrnfridi hk Ksuhbns hk Znsfrihn kl HKPKMON HKC XPI@IGN R ZPNXKMMBÝL ]NMBIC hk ci [lbvkrsbhih Gnsâ Mkmbcbn hkc Qicck ([GMQ), mndn rkqubsbn pirmbic piri npir ic frihn hk DIK]XPÄI. Kl ak hk cn muic cns dbkd`rns hkc Xrb`ulic Kxidblihnr rdil ci prksklk kl ci mbuhih hk Xkfumbficpi i cns 91 häis hkc dks hk ak`rkrn hkc 0:00.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ _______ Dbkd`rn
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ _______ Dbkd`rn
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ _______ Dbkd`rn
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ _______ Dbkd`rn
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ]ILXN] @KCBLHI K]MN@KP DNLXK]
6
ONGI HK I[XNPBWIMBÝL ]kùnrks [LBQKP]BHIH GN]Â MKMBCBN HKC QICCK Xkfumbficpi Kstdihns ]kùnrks7 Rn, ]ILXN] @KCBLHI K]MN@KP DNLXK], iunri hkc ri`ign hk pnsfrihn tucihn7 –CI CKR R ZPNFPIDI LIMBNLIC HK KDZCKN ZNP ONPI] R ][ DKGNPI KL CN] ]B]XKDI] HK MNLXPIXN] MNDN AIMXNP HK K]XBD[CN ZIPI CI FKLKPIMBÝL HK KDZCKN] KL KC ]KMXNP KDZPK]IPBIC—, prksklihn y iprn`ihn kl kc dks hk lnvbkd`rk hk 0:09, mndn rkqubsbn prkvbn piri npir ic ucn hk Déskr kl Hkrkmon hkc Xri`ign Xri`ign y Zrnkmmbýl ]nmbic y rkmnlnmbklhn quk ci prkskli prksklimbýl mbýl hkc prksklk hnmudkln anrdi pirk hk cns rkqubsbns ksi`ckmbhns iln kl kc Pkfcidkln hkc ]bskdi hk Znsfrihn mndn kl kc Pkfcidkln hk Xksbs hkc ]bskdi hk Ksuhbns hk Znsfrihn hk ci [lbvkrsbh [lbv krsbhih ih Gnsâ Mkmbc Mkmbcbn bn hkc Qicck ([GMQ), pnr ksk dkhbn iunrbz iunrbzn n i ci [GMQ piri quk mnl lks imihâdbmns, pukhil cb`rkdklk rkfbsrir, rkprnhumbr n utcbzir ci blanrdimbýl nic n pirmbic mnlklbhi kl âc, mnl lks khumitvns, blvkstfitvns n snmbicks5 isä dbsdn, piri quk kc prksklk hnmudkln pukhi skr blmnrpnrihn kl ul rkpnsbnrbn hbfbic p÷`cbmn n puksn i hbspnsbmbýl kl kc Znric blstumbnlic hk ci [GMQ. Ln n`silk cn ilkrbnr y hk mnlanrdbhih mnl cn ksi`ckmbhn kl cns irmucns 2, 9?, 92, =; y 10 hk ci Cky hk Hkrkmons hk Iunr y hk cns Hkrkmons Mnlkxns5 cns hkrkmons dnricks pkrklkmkl ic iunr y snl pkrsnlicäsbdns, brrklulmbi`cks, bdprksmblhb`cks k blicbkli`cks5 sbl kd`irfn mndn iunri hkc prksklk hnmudkln mkhn hk anrdi bcbdbihi y kxmcusbvi i ci [GMQ hk ci tucirbhih hk cns hkrkmons pirbdnlbicks, klklhbâlhnsk quk muicqubkr mnpbi n? rkprnhummbýl hkc prksklk hnmudkln mnl lks hk cumrn ln ksé pkrdbthi sbl prkvbi iunrbzimbýl pnr ksmrbn hk piri hk ci [GMQ.
Kl ak hk cn muic, sk susmrb`k ci prksklk iunrbzimbýl kl ci mbuhih hk Xkfumbficpi i cns 91 häis hkc dks hk ak`rkrn hkc 0:00. ]ILXN] @KCBLHI K]MN@KP DNLXK]. 0:0:99:;:1.
?
[LBQKP]BHIH GN]Â MKMBCBN HKC QICCK QBMK PKMXNPÄI HK BLLNQIMBÝL R HK]IPPNCCN ]B]XKDI HK K]X[HBN] HK ZN]FPIHN DIK]XPÄI KL HKPKMON HKC XPI@IGN R ZPNXKMMBÝL ]NMBIC –CI CKR R ZPNFPIDI LIMBNLIC HK KDZCKN ZNP ONPI] R ][ DKGNPI KL CN] C N] ]B]XKDI] HK MNLXPIXN] MNDN AIMXNP HK K]XBD[CN ZIPI CI FKLKPIMBÝL HK KDZCKN] KL KC ]KMXNP KDZPK]IPBIC— KDZPK]IPBIC— Iutnr7 ]iltns @kcblhi Ksmn`kr Dnltks PK][DKL. Kc prksklk ksuhbn hk blvkstfimbýl ksé klmidblihn i kvicuir Ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onris, hkshk ul klanquk dbmrnkmnlýdbmn, ksuhbilhn kc bdpimn y ipcbmimbýl hk ci Cky mndn aimnr hk prnhumtvbhih y mndpkttvbhih piri cis kdprksis mndn prblmbpic ifklk hk mrkimbýl hk kdpckn, isbdbsdn, kvicuir sb ksi cky oi sbhn vbncinrbi hk hkrkmons ci`nricks y ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric, isä mndn kvicuir sb ci blspkmmbýl hkc ri`ign ksé rkicbzilhn blspkmmbnlks rkfucirks kl cns mklrns hk ri`ign kl Xkfumbficpi. Kc ilécbsbs sk obzn kl kc skmnr kdprksirbic, hihi su mirimkrästmi hk ici i`snrmbýl hk rkmursn oudiln. Kc n`gktvn auk kvicuir sb ci kxb`bcbhih kl cns sbskdis hk mnlriimbýl quk narkmk kc Zrnfridi hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, prnhumk ul kakmn sbflbmitvn kl ci rkhummbýl hk mnsns hk npkrimbýl i l hk npkrir mnl ul lbvkc hk kmbklmbi y prnhumtvbhih quk sbrvi hk ksducn piri irikr irikr diynr blvkrsbýl ic piäs y mrkir lukvns kdpckns, isä mndn sb sb cis kdprksis quk mnlriil i su pkrsnlic `ign ksi dnhicbhih ksél rkspkilhn cns hkrkmons ci`nricks y ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ksi`ckmbhi kl ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi. ZICI@PI] ZICI@ PI] MCIQK] MCIQK]77 Ksi Ksi`bcbhi `bcbhih h ci`n ci`nric5 ric5 ]krv ]krvbmbns5 bmbns5 hkrkmo hkrkmons ns aulh aulhidkl idklicks icks55 mnlst mnlstumbý umbýl5 l5 kmbklmbi, prnhumtvbhih, blvkrsbýl, mndpkttvbhih5 mnlriimbýl y lnrditvi.
2
GN]K MKMBCBN HKC QICCK [LBQKP]BXR QBMK PKMXNPR NA BLLNQIXBNL ILH HKQKCNZDKLX ZN]XFPIH[IXK ]X[HBK] ]R]XKD DI]XKP BL CI@NP CIV ILH ]NMBIC ZPNXKMXBNL " XOK LIXBNLIC ON[PCR KDZCNRDKLX CIV ILH ZPNFPID ILH BX] BDZPNQKDKLX BL MNLXPIMX ]R]XKD] I] I ]XBD[C[] AIMXNP ANP XOK FKLKPIXBNL NA GN@] BL XOK @[]BLK]] ]KMXNP @[]BLK]] "
Iutonr7 ]iltns @kcblhi Ksmn`kr Dnltks I@]XPIMX.
Xobs rkskirmo suhy bs ibdkh i kvicuitlf ok Ciw ilh Litnlic Onurcy Kdpcnydkl Zrnfrid, arnd i dbmrnkmnlndbm ipprnimo, suhyblf ok bdpim ilh ippcbmitnl na ok Ciw is i aimnr na prnhumtvby ilh mndpkttvklkss anr mndpilbks is ok dibl ifkl na gn` mrkitnl, is wkcc is isskss wokokr obs ciw ois `kkl bl vbncitnl na ci`nr rbfos ilh gn` si`bcby, is wkcc is isskss wokokr ok ci`nr blspkmnrik bs mirryblf nu rkfucir blspkmtnls bl wnrepcimks bl Xkfumbficpi. Xok ilicysbs wis dihk bl ok `usblkss skmnr, fbvkl bs moirimkrbstm na obfo i`snrptnl na oudil rksnurmks. Xok n`gkmtvk wis n kvicuik wokokr ok kxb`bcby bl ok mnlrimtlf syskd sys kdss n nkrkh krkh `y ok Onu Onurcy rcy Kdp Kdpcny cnydkl dkl Ciw Zrn Zrnfri frid d prn prnhum humks ks i sbf sbflb lbmil mil kk kkm m bl rkhumblf npkritlf mnss bl nrhkr n npkrik wbo i ckvkc na kmbklmy ilh prnhumtvby oi skrvks is i stducus. n irim dnrk blvksdkl n ok mnulry ilh mrkik lkw gn`s, is wkcc is wokokr ok mndpilbks oi obrk okbr pkrsnllkc ulhkr obs dnhicby irk rkspkmtlf ci`nr rbfos ilh gn` si`bcby ksi`cbsokh bl ok Mnlstutnl na ok Pkpu`cbm. EKR VNPH]7 VNPH]7 Gn` si`bcby5 ]krvbmks5 Aulhidklic rbfos5 Mnlstutnl5 kmbklmy, prnhumtvby, blvksdkl, mndpkttvklkss5 mnlrimtlf ilh rkfucitnls.
9:
ÄLHBMK HK MNLXKLBHN HKHBMIXNPBI
bbb
IFPIHKMBDBKLXN
bx
ONGI HK IZPN@IMBÝL
v
I[XNPBWIMBÝL PK][DKL
vb vbb
ÄLHBMK HK XI@CI]
vbbb
ÄLHBMK HK BC[]XPIMBNLK] N ABF[PI]
bx
ÄLHBMK HK ]BFCI]
x
MIZBX[CN 97 ZCILXKIDBKLXN HKC ZPN@CKDI 9.9 Blrnhummbýl
9
9.0 Ilkmkhklks hk ci Blvkstfimbýl
9
9.= Hklbmbýl hkc Zrn`ckdi 9.8 Hkcbdbimbýl hkc Zrn`ckdi
8 ;
9.; Obpýksbs
1
9.1 N`gktvns hk ci Blvkstfimbýl
6
9.1.9 N`gktvn Fklkric
6
9.1.0 N`gktvns Kspkmämns
6
9.6 Zrkfulis hk Blvkstfimbýl
6
9.? Gustmimbýl hkc Ksuhbn
?
9.2 Qbi`bcbhih hk Ksuhbn 9.2.9 Pkmursns oudilns, âmlbmns, lilmbkrns
9: 9:
9.2.0 Immksn i ci blanrdimbýl rkqukrbhi
99
9.9: Cbdbilks hk ci blvkstfimbýl
9=
MIZBX[CN 07 DIPMN XKÝPBMN
9=
0.9. Blrnhummbýl ic Dirmn Xkýrbmn
9=
0.0.9. Xknräis Kmnlýdbmis ]n`rk Kc Kdpckn
9;
0.0.0. Xknräi Mcésbmi
9;
0.0.=. Xknräi Dirxbsi
91
99
0.0.8. Xknräi Lknmcésbmi
96
0.0.;. Xknräi hkc Dnhkcn Ekylksbiln
0:
0.=Cis @isks Xkýrbmis
0?
0.8DIPMN MNLMKZX[IC
=9
0.8.9 Kdpckn 0.8.0 Kdpckn Anrdic / Blanrdic
=9 =9
0.8.= ]icirbn
=9
0.8.8 ]icirbn Dälbdn
=0
0.8.; Bf Bfuichih Ilk Ci Cky
=0
0.8.1 Xri`ign Hkmklk
=0
0.8.6 Mn Mnlrin Hk Xri`ign
=0
0.8.? Hksrkfucimbýl
=0
0.8.2 AAcckxb`bcbhih Ci`nric 0.8.9: Mn Mnlstumbýl Hk Ci Pkp÷`cbmi
== ==
0.8.99 Mnlvklbns hk ci NBX
==
0.;Mnlkxn Hk Ci Blvkstfimbýl
=8
MIZBX[CN BBB7 DIPMN CKFIC
=1
=.9. Hkrkmon Mndpirihn
=1
9.9.9 Lnrditvi Ci`nric Znr Onris Kl Kspiùi
=1
9.9.0 ¾Kl Yuâ Mnlsbsk Kc Mnlrin Hk Xri`ign Znr Onris Kl Kspiùi>
=1
9.9.= ¾Yuâ Pkqub Pkqubsbns sbns Oi Hk Hk Mudpcbr Mudpcbr [l Mnlri Mnlrin n Hk Hk Xri`ign Xri`ign Znr On O nris kl Kspiùi>
=1
9.9.8 Cis Mnlhbmbnlks Hkc Mnlrin Znr Onris Kl Kspiùi
=6
9.9.; Cis Qimimbnlks Hkc Xri`igihnr Kl Kspiùi
=6
9.9.1 Lnrditvi Ci`nric Hk Xri`ign I Xbkdpn Zirmbic Kl Zkr÷
=?
9.9.6 Onrirbns
=?
9.9.? ]icirbn
=8
9.9.2 Nrns @klkmbns
=2
9.9.9: Znrmkligk hk Xri`igihnrks
8:
90
9.0 Lnrditvi Blkrlimbnlic7 Hkmcirimbýl [lbvkrsic Hk Cns Hkrkmons Oudilns
89
9.0.9 Zim Zimn n Blkrli Blkrlimbnli mbnlicc hk cns Hkrk Hkrkmons mons Kmnlý Kmnlýdbmns, dbmns, ]nmbi ]nmbicks cks R Mucuricks (ZBHK]M)
89
9.= Lnrditvi Limbnlic
89
9.=. 9. =.9 9 Mn Mnls lst tu umb mbý ýl hk hk ci ci Pk Pkp p÷` ÷`cb cbmi mi hk On Onlh lhu uri riss y sus Pka Pkan nrd rdiis hk hk 92? 92?0… 0…
89
9.=.0 Mýhbfn Hk Xri`ign R ]us Pkanrdis Hk 92;2
80
9.=.= Cky Hk Blspkmmbýl Hk Xri`ign
80
9.=.8 Aimucihks Hk Cns Blspkmnrks Hk Xri`ign
80
9.=.; N`cbfimbnlks Hk Cns Blspkmnrks Hk Xri`ign
8=
9.=.1 Cky Hk Kdpckn Znr Onri
88
9.=.6 Zirtmucirbhihks Hk Ci Cky
8;
9.=.? Dnhicbhihks R Anrdis Hk Mnlriimbýl
8;
9.=.2 Pkdulkrimbýl
88
9.=.9: ]icirbn
81
9.=.99 Mndpklsimbýl Ln Oi`buic
81
9.=.90 Blstun Onlhurkùn Hk ]kfurbhih ]nmbic (BO]])
81
9.=.9= Blstun Limbnlic Hk Anrdimbýl Zrnaksbnlic (BLANZ
81
9.=.98 Mnlriimbýl
81
9.=.9; Kc Zrnfridi Limbnlic Hk Kdpckn Znr Onri
86
=.=.= Zrnnmncn Aimucitvn Hk ]il ]icvihnr
;0
MIZBX[CN BQ7 DIPMN DKXNHNCÝFBMN 8.9. Blrnhummbýl ic Dirmn Dknhncýfbmn
;? ;?
8.0 Klanquk hk ci Blvkstfimbýl
;2
8.= Klanquk Muicbitvn
;2
8.8 Xbpn hk Blvkstfimbýl
;2
8.; Hbskùn hk ci Blvkstfimbýl
;2
8.1 Zn`cimbýl, Duksri y Duksrkn
1:
9=
MIZBX[CN Q7 ILÉCB]B] HK PK][CXIHN]
10
;.9 Ilécbsbs hkc Dirmn Xkýrbmn
10
;.0 Ilécbsbs hkc Dirmn Obsýrbmn
10
;.= Ilécbsbs hkc Dirmn Mnlmkpuic.
18
;.8 Ilécbsbs hkc l÷dkrn hk Kdprksis Kdprksis kl Onlhuris y kl kc Hbsrbn Mklric Mklric Ihokrbhis i Ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onri. 18 ;.1 Dkrmihn Ci`nric Onlhurkùn
11
;.6 Xisi hk Zirtmbpimbýl, Kdpckn, Hkskdpckn y ]u`kdpckn .
11
;.? Ilécbsbs hkc Dirmn Mnlkxuic
16
;.2 Ilécbsbs hkc Dirmn Ckfic
1?
;.9:
Ilécbsbs hk ci Lnrditvi Blkrli
1?
;.99
Ilécbsbs Gurähbmn hk ci Lnrditvi Blkrlimbnlic
12
;.90 Ilécbsbs hkc Zimn Blkrlimbnlic hk cns Hkrkmons Kmnlýdbmns, ]nmbicks y Mucuricks (ZBHK]M), Kc Zrnnmncn Aimucitvn hk ]il ]icvihnr y ci Mnlvklmbýl piri Kcbdblir Xnhis cis Anrdis hk Hbsmrbdblimbýl Mnlri ci Dugkr (MKHIV).
12
;.98 Ilécbsbs hk cns Zrblmbpbns.
6:
;.9; Zrnpuksi
69
;.9;.9 Hkrnfimbýl hkc Zérrian ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri .
69
;.9;.0 Érki hk Bluklmbi hk ci Zrnpuksi
6=
;.9;.= N`gktvns hk ci Zrnpuksi
68
;.9;.8 Zcilkidbkln hk ci Zrnpuksi
68
;.9;.; Gustmimbýl hk ci Zrnpuksi
68
;.9;.1 Aimt`bcbhih hk ci Bdpckdklimbýl hk ci Zrnpuksi
6;
QB. MNLMC[]BNLK]
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QBB. PKMNDKLHIMBNLK]
?8
QBBB FCN]IPBN HK XÂPDBLN]
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B_. @B@CBNFPIAÄI
?6
_. ILK_N]
?2
98
ÄLHBMK HK XI@CI]
Xi`ci Ln. 9 Xknräis Fcn`icks sn`rk kc Kdpckn
06
Xi`ci Ln. 0 Dknhncnfäi hk Blvkstfimbýl
;:
Xi`c Xi `cii Ln. Ln. = Kdp Kdprk rksi siss Iho Ihokr krbh bhis is i ci Ck Ckyy y Zr Zrnf nfri ridi di Li Limbn mbnli licc hk hk Kdp Kdpckn ckn pn pnrr Onr Onrii
1;
9;
ÄLHBMK HK BC[]XPIMBNLK] N ABF[PI] Bcustrimbýl n afuri 9. Fuäi hk rkmndklhimbnlks kl misn hk vbncimbýl n vuclkrimbýl hk hkrkmons ci`nri ci` nricks cks ` `ign ign ci dn dnhic hicbhi bhih h hk kd kdpck pckn n pn pnrr onr onrii ……… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… …………….. ……..
;0
91
ÄLHBMK HK ]BFCI]
MKHIV7 M MKHIV7 Mn ndbâ piri ci Kcbdblimbýl hk ci Hbsmrbdblimbýl Mnlri ci Dugkr
20
MFX7 M MFX7 Mkklric Fklkric hk Xri`igihnrks
20
MNOKZ7 M MNOKZ7 Mn nlskgn Onlhurkùn hk ci Kdprksi Zrbvihi
20
M[XO7 M M[XO7 Mn nlakhkrimbýl [lbirbi hk Xri`igihnrks
20
H[HO7 H H[HO7 Hkkmcirimbýl [lbvkrsic hk Hkrkmons Oudilns
20
BLK7 B Bl BLK7 lstun Limbnlic hk Ksihästmi
20
NBX7 N NBX7 Nrrfilbzimbýl Blkrlimbnlic hkc Xri`ign
20
ZBHK]M7 M ZBHK]M7 Mn ndbâ hk Hkrkmons Kmnlýdbmns, ]nmbicks y Mucuricks hk ci NL[
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ZPNLKO7 Z ZPNLKO7 Zrrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn Znr Onri
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]X]]7 ] ]X]]7 ]kkmrkiräi hkc Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic
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Mipätucn B7 Zciltkidbkltn hk ci Blvksfimbýl. 9.9 Bltrnhummbýl Kc prksklk ksuhbn hk blvkstfimbýl ksé klmidblihn i kvicuir ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onris, hkshk ul klanquk hk dkgnri kl cns sbskdis hk mnlriimbýl, ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric y fklkrimbýl hk lukvns kdpckns, rkicbzilhn ul ksuhbn i cns hkrkmons ci`nricks quk snl vuclkrihns. Imuicdklk kl Onlhuris sk ksé bdpckdklilhn ci Mnlriimbýl hk kdpckn pnr onri, ci muic sk klmuklri vbfklk hkshk dirzn hkc 0:98 mndn Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, kl ci muic sk oi bhn kvicuilhn cns frihns hk ipcbmimbýl hk ci dbsdi piri br ivilzilhn kl ksi anrdi hk mnlriimbýl. Ksi cky hk Kdpck Kdpckn n pnr Onri ck suprbdk ic ri` ri`igih igihnr nr hkrkmons y mnlqu mnlqubsi bsiss quk sk oil vklbhn irrisrilhn hkshk oimk dumons iùns irés y quk cis dbsdis aukrnl prnhumn hk ci cumoi hk ci oukcfi hk hkcc iùn 92;8 mndn ks ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric, vimi vimimbnlks, mbnlks, prksi prksimbnlks, mbnlks, ifublichns, prk y pnsliic, hkrkmon ic skfurn snmbic y kc bdpimn hkc Zrnfridi mndn aimnr hk ksi`bcbhih ci`nric piri cns ri`igihnr ri`igihnrks ks mndn ci prblmbpic prn`ckdétmi. Kl knräi, kc Mýhbfn Ci`nric hk Onlhuris ks prnkmmbnlbsi, kc prn`ckdi hk ksi cky ks hk ipcbmimbýl, yi quk sb `bkl ks mbkrn kc Ksihn ks kc rkspnlsi`ck hk ukcir pnr cns hkrkmons hk cns ri`igihnrks hk luksrn piäs, pnr pirk hkc dbsdn snl pnmis cis immbnlks rkicbzihis, yi quk ksis oil mnlrb`ubhn i vuclkrir hkrkmons, kl vbsi quk dumois kdprksis hkspbhkl cns kdpckihns lkfélhnsk i pifircks cis `nlbmimbnlks pnr iltfókhih y sbl hircks kc hkrkmon i ul puksn pkrdilklk pnskrbnr i mudpcbr cns rks iùns quk ksi`ckmk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, isä mndn i hircks ci prkakrklmbi hk skr u`bmihns kl ul puksn hk ri`ign hk dilkri pkrdilklk. Kl cn cnss ÷c ÷ctd tdns ns 9: iù iùns ns kc dn dnvb vbdb dbkl kln n sb sblh lhbmi bmicc kl On Onlh lhur uris is oi vk vklb lbhn hn pr prks kskl kli ilh lhn n prnpuksis, uli hk kccis ks ci lukvi Cky hk Blspkmmbnlks hkc Xri`ign, quk klrý kl vbfklmbi i pirtr hkc iùn 0:96.
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Ri quk ilks, cis ducis pnr blarblfbr lnrdis ci`nricks ksi`il kmoihis kl Cps. ;.:::.:: ckdpbris, pkrn mnl kc lukvn blsrudkln ckfic ionri cis ducis sk ksi`ckmkl irrb`i i Cps. 9:: :::.:: ckdpbris.
9.0 Iltkmkhkltks hk ci Blvksfimbýl. Cns ilkmkhkl ilkmkhklks ks kl quk sk `isi ci prksklk blvkstfimbý blvkstfimbýl l ks kvicuir Ci Cky y Zrnf Zrnfridi ridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr onri y su kxb`bcbzimbýl kl cns sbskdis hk mnlriimbýl kl kc skmnr kdprks kdp rksir irbic bic,, cis mui muicks cks,, oil fkl fklkri krihn hn blm blmkrt krthud hud`rk `rk n bcu bcusbý sbýl l pnr ci mnl mnlri rii imbý mbýl l sbl vbncimbýl i sus hkrkmons y quk skil mnlriimbnlks âtmis y mnli`cks sbl hksdkgnridbkln hk vbhi muilhn cis mnlhbmbnlks hk ri`ign tklkl ksk ditz hk kxpcnimbýl kl ci diynräi hk cns misns, muilhn ksidns vbvbklhn kl ul dulhn hk kxb`bcbhih ci`nric. ]kf÷l ks ]kf÷l ksuhb uhbns ns rki rkicbzi cbzihn hnss pnr ci Mkl Mklri ricc hk Xri Xri`ig `igih ihnrk nrkss y nr nris is Nrf Nrfil ilbzi bzimbnl mbnlks ks hk Xri`igihnrks, kc prnfridi limbnlic hk kdpckn pnr onris y cis mnlriimbnlks kl fklkric kl kc piäs, iulquk cns fn`bkrlns cn oiyil lkfihn hkshk oimk dumon tkdpn, ci prémtmi lns klskùi nhn cn mnlrirbn mnl rkcimbýl i cns sbskdis kxb`cks hk mnlriimbýl y ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr onri. Cis rkbvblhbmimbnlks prnhumn hk cis cumois, kl cis quk nhis y nhns okdns puksn ul frilbn hk irkli, oil qukhihn blvbsb`cks pnr ili mnrrupmbýl hk cis iunrbhihks quk, mnl ic hk qukhir `bkl mnl kxriùns, oil vbncihn cns hkrkmons ci`nricks y ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi dbsdi5 pkrdbtklhn quk cns kdprksirbns oifil y hksoifil i su ilngn. ]bl kd`irfn, ksk prnfridi kl pirk oi sbhn `klkmbnsn, yi quk dumons ri`igihnrks oil cnfri cnf rihn hn ri ri`ig `igir ir y ks ksuhb uhbir ir hk` hk`bhn bhn i ci kx kxb`b b`bcbhi cbhih h hkc dbs dbsdn dn ic skr mnl mnlri riih ihns ns pn pnrr kdprksis quk oil rkspkihn sus hkrkmons ci`nricks c i`nricks y quk pnskrbnrdklk cns oil rku`bmihn kl pcizis hk mirémkr pkrdilklk. I blbmbns hk 0:9:, Onlhuris skfuäi suarbklhn cis mnlskmuklmbis hkc fncpk hk Ksihn quk ul iùn ilks oi`äi hkrrnmihn ic kxprksbhklk Dilukc Wkciyi. Kc piäs ksi`i kl `ilmirrni y kl dkhbn hk uli mrbsbs pncätmi, kmnlýdbmi km nlýdbmi y snmbic sbl prkmkhklks.
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Ibscihn blkrlimbnlicdklk, sbl immksn i mrâhbn y mnl uli blstumbnlicbhih quk`rilihi, kc piäss mkl piä mklrn rnid idkrb krbmil miln n vkä vkäii sus blh blhbmi bmihnr hnrks ks hk hks hkskdp kdpckn ckn,, pn` pn`rkz rkzii y vbn vbnckl cklmbi mbi su` su`br br imkckrihidklk, ic tkdpn quk su ipirin prnhumtvn skfuäi hkspcndélhnsk. Ks kl dkhbn hk ksk mins quk, kl lnvbkd`rk hk 0:9:, kc Mnlfrksn Limbnlic iprn`ý kc Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onris, uli okrridbkli quk fnzi`i hkc `klkpcémbn hkc id`ickilk fn`bkrln hk Znrrbn Cn`n y hkc klnlmks prksbhklk hkc pnhkr ckfbscitvn, Guil Nrcilhn Okrlélhkz. ]k rii`i hk ul prnfridi hk kdkrfklmbi y hk mirémkr kdpnric (hk 9 i 1 dksks), quk pkrdbi i cis kdprksis prbvihis y p÷`cbmis mnlriir oisi kc 8:% hkc nic hk su pcilbcci hk anrdi kdpnric. Cis kdprksis blkrksihis hk`äil rkfbsrirsk y hkmcirir cis pcizis quk kläil `ign ksi dnhicbhih. Ihkdés, hk`äil firiltzir nhi uli skrbk hk hkrkmons prkvbsns pnr ci ckfbscimbýl ci`nric limbnlic y cns mnlvklbns blkrlimbnlicks ritmihns pnr Onlhuris. Klrk nrns lks, kc Zrnfridi hk Kdpckn pnr Onris sk prnpnläi andklir kc kdpckn hbfln y hkmklk, kvbir kc blmrkdkln hk cns älhbmks hk hkskdpckn y su`kdpckn, andklir ci blskrmbýl blskr mbýl ci`n ci`nric, ric, ci khumi khumimbýl, mbýl, mipimbimbýl mipimbimbýl y anrd anrdimbýl imbýl prnaksbnlic prnaksbnlic hk ri` ri`igih igihnrks nrks y ri`igihnris. Zksk i cis prnksis hk nrfilbzimbnlks snmbicks y sblhbmicks, i uli pktmbýl prksklihi ilk ci Nrfilbzimbýl Blkrlimbnlic hkc Xri`ign (NBX) pnr vbncimbýl i cns Mnlvklbns ?6, 2; y 2? sn`rk hkrkmon i ci sblhbmimbýl y ci lkfnmbimbýl mnckmtvi y prnkmmbýl hkc sicirbn, y i ci sncbmbuh hk vkn prksbhklmbic prksklihi pnr nrfilbzimbnlks sblhbmicks y hk dugkrks, iln kc prksbhklk sicbklk mndn su sumksnr, Guil Nrcilhn Okrlélhkz, obmbkrnl misn ndbsn. Dkhbilk Hkmrkn 0=:-0:9:, sk mrki ci Cky hkc Zrnfridi hk Kdpckn pnr onri, pu`cbmihi kl akmoi ; hk lnvbkd`rk hk 0:9:, y mnl uli hurimbýl hk = iùns. Dkhbilk Imukrhn Dblbskrbic l÷dkrn ]X]].::0-0:99, sk mrki kc Pkfcidkln hkc Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr onri. Dkhbilk hkmrkn 062-0:9= sk rkicbzi ci prýrrnfi hk ci Cky hkc Zrnfridi hk Kdpckn pnr onri oisi kc =9 hk klkrn hk 0:98. Kc ZPNFPIDI HK KDZCKN ZNP ONPI quk dkhbilk Hkmrkn 0=:-0:9: ksuvn vbfklk kl kc piäs, sk mnlvbrtý kl cky pkrdilklk mnl kc lnd`rk hk –CKR HK KDZCKN ZNP ONPI—, kc quk auk pu`cbmihn kl kc Hbirbn nmbic Ci Fimki kc =9 hk dirzn hk 0:98.
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Ksis anrdis hk mnlriimbýl ln sncn prkmirbzil kc ri`ign, sbln ci vbhi dbsdi, muilhn oi`cidns hk imuducimbýl pnr hkspnsksbýl ks bdpnrilk blmcubr ci hkspnsksbýl quk sk hi pnr ci väi hkc kdpckn, k dpckn, hkc ri`ign, hk i`iriir cns mnsns hk mnlriimbýl y hk hkspbhn. Ziri kcci, kl Onlhuris sk ksé cckfilhn répbhidklk i ci ckfbtdimbýl hk uli vkrhihkri blstumbnlicbzimbýl hk ci prkmirbzimbýl. Ri sk vkäi vklbr hkshk cns iùns 2: mnl kc rbfnr hk cis dkhbhis hkc Mnlsklsn hk Visoblfnl, quk `ésbmidklk prnaulhbzirnl ci hksrkfucirbzimbýl y cb`kricbzimbýl hk ci kmnlndäi y idpcbirnl cns prnmksns hk prbvitzimbýl. (Zrnykmn "Xurbsdn rkspnlsi`ck, hkrkmons oudilns y ri`ign hkmklk" kgkmuihn pnr Ic`i ]uh mnl kc ipnyn hkc Iyulidbkln hk @irmkcnli - Zrnfridi @irmkcnli ]ncbhirbi mnlvnminrbi, 0:9;). 0:9;) .
9.= Hkalbmbýl hkc prn`ckdi. Ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ks ul hkrkmon kc muic ksé rkmnlnmbhn kl luksri Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi kl kc irmucn 902, ihkdés, ks bdpnrilk rkmicmir quk, kc prblmbpbn hk ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ks mnlsbhkrihn ul hkrkmon oudiln kl vbsi hk quk ksé prnkfbhn ulbvkrsicdklk pnr virbns blsrudklns ckficks mndn skr ci c i Hkmcirimbýl [lbvkrsic hk cns Hkrkmons Oudilns, irmucn 0= ludkricks 9, 0 y =, kc Zimn Blkrlimbnlic hk cns Hkrkmons Kmnlýdbmns, ]nmbicks y Mucuricks, kl su irmucn 65 y kl kc Zrnnmncn Aimucitvn hk ]il ]icvihnr, kl su irmucn 6. Ionri `bkl, pnhkdns n`skrvir quk, iulquk dumons ln cn rkmukrhkl, kc =9 hk dirzn hkc 0:98 0: 98 sb sbfl flb bmý mý ul hu hurn rn fn fncp cpkk pi piri ri ci ciss is ispb pbri rimbn mbnlk lkss hk pr prnf nfrk rksn sn hk du dumo mois is ai aidb dbcbcbis is onlhurkùis, 8 iùns ilks i ksk prkmbsn dndkln klri`i kl vbfnr kc –Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onri—, mndn ul prnfridi kspkmbic hk kdkrfklmbi hk mirémkr kdpnric. Abli Ab licd cdkl klk k,, hb hbmo mon n pr prnf nfri ridi di ln au aukk i il l pr prnv nvbs bsbn bnli licc mn mndn dn sk pc pcil ilk ki` i`i, i, kl 0: 0:98 98,, kspkmämidklk kl ci akmoi yi dklmbnlihi, dkhbilk kc Hkmrkn Ln. =;8-0:9= sk iprn`ý ci CKR HK KDZCKN ZNP ONPI, ci muic tklk mndn n`gktvn, dilklkr cns puksns hk ri`ign y kvbir kc mrkmbdbkln hk cns älhbmks hk hkskdpckn kl kc piäs. Ziri dumons ksk tpn hk prnykmns iudklil kc mrkmbdbkln kmnlýdbmn y pnklmbil kc kdpckn kl cis limbnlks, y, hk okmon, cn oimkl, pkrn fklkrilhn kdpckns hk dilkri blanrdic yi quk ksk ks kc bdpimn hk ci andklimbýl hk ul kdpckn mnl rkdulkrimbýl kl `isk i onris ri`igihi ri`igihiss kl uli kmnlndäi su`hksirrnccihi mndn ci hk Onlhuris.
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Ri quk ln pnhkdns hkmbr quk fklkri ul kdpckn hbfln sb kl ksk sk vuclkril cns hkrkmons hk ci mcisk dés hksprnkfbhi mndn skr ci mcisk ri`igihnri, yi quk ul ri`ign hbfln ks iqukc quk `usmi i kxprksir cn quk hk`kräi skr, kl kc dulhn fcn`icbzihn, ul ri`ign hkmklk. Ks hkmbr, nhn iquk iqukcc ri` ri`ign ign quk hbfl hbflbmi bmi y pkrd pkrdbk bk kc hksir hksirrnccn rnccn hk cis mipimbhihks mipimbhihks hk cns Xri`ig `ign n hkm hkmkl kltk7 tk7 ul skrk sk rkss ou oudi diln lns. s. Ic` Ic`kr krn n Mo Moir irz zdi dil l (0 (0:9 :96) 6) kl su bl blvk vkst stfi fimbý mbýl l Xri pirihbfdi hk `÷squkhi i ci cuz hk ci prkmirbzimbýl ci`nric irfudkli quk kc ri`ign
hkmklk hkdilhi kl ci prémtmi7 imnrhir prnkmmbýl ci`nric y snmbic sumbklk (skfurbhih snmbic snm bic,, lkf lkfnmb nmbimb imbýl ýl mnc mnckmtv kmtvi, i, sic sicirb irbn n snm snmbic bic,, kl klrk rk nr nris is dkh dkhbhi bhiss mnl mnlsbh sbhkri krihi hiss mnd mndn n hkrkmons ci`nricks `ésbmns). R, sn`rk nhn, `rblhir kspkrilzis hk supkrimbýl piri qubkl cn hkskdpkùi. Kl 9222, Guil ]ndivbi, prbdkr hbrkmnr fklkric hk ci Nrfilbzimbýl Blkrlimbnlic hkc Xri`ign (NBX), prksklý su dkdnrbi «Xri`ign hkmklk—. Kl kcci blrnhumk kc dklmbnlihn mnlmkpn, mirim miri mkr krbz bzih ihn n pn pnrr mu mui irn rn n` n`gk gktv tvns ns ks ksr ri iâf âfbm bmns ns77 cn cnss hk hkrk rkmo mons ns kl kc r ri` i`ig ign, n, ci ciss npnrulbhihks hk kdpckn, ci prnkmmbýl snmbic y kc hbécnfn snmbic. Mihi uln hk kccns mudpck, ihkdés, uli aulmbýl kl kc cnfrn hk dkis dés idpcbis mndn ci blmcusbýl snmbic, ci krrihbmimbýl hk ci pn`rkzi, kc anrickmbdbkln hk ci hkdnmrimbi, kc hksirrnccn blkfric y ci rkicbzimbýl pkrsnlic. Kc prbdkr puln quk dklmbnlil cns kxpkrns snl cns hkrkmons ci`nricks, gusn ksns i cns quk ci fril diynräi hk cns onlhurkùns rklulmbil ic rdir ul mnlrin mnl rkdulkrimbýl pnr onri, ic ln fnzir hkc pifn hkc hâmbdn krmkrn y hâmbdn muirn dks hk sicirbn k blmcusn, kl misns kxrkdns, ln fnzir hk skfurbhih dâhbmi snmbic. Dkhbilk ci ipcbmimbýl hk ksk tpn hk mnlrins, sk oil bhkihn irtmbns ckficks piri mnlrii mnlr iirr pkrsn pkrsnlis lis quk, lb sbqu sbqubkri, bkri, sk klmu klmuklri klril l icbi icbihns hns ic Blst Blstun un Onlhurkùn Onlhurkùn hk ]kfurbhih ]nmbic (BO]]), kvbhklmbilhn ci kxpnsbmbýl silbirbi quk suarkl cns kdpckihns quk sk rbfkl `ign cns dbsdns.
9.8 Hkcbdbtimbýl hkc Zrn`ckdi Ci prksklk blvkstfimbýl sk rkicbzý i pirtr hkc ilécbsbs hk cns blanrdks iluicks sn`rk ci bdpckdklimbýl hk ci Cky y Zrnfridi hk Kdpckn pnr Onris, quk kdbk ci ]kmrkiräi hk
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Xri`ign Xri`i gn y ]kf ]kfurb urbhi hih h ]nm ]nmbic bic (]X (]X]]) ]]),, kc N`s N`skrv krvin inrbn rbn [lb [lbvkr vkrsb sbirb irbn n kl Hkd Hkdnfr nfrii ii (NH (NH[), [), ihsmrbn i ci Diksräi kl Hkdnfrii y Hksirrnccn hk ci [LIO, kc Mnlskgn Onlhurkùn hk ci Kdprksi Zrbvihi (MNOKZ) mnrrkspnlhbklks ic iùn 0:0: i ci imuicbhih5 id`bâl, sk ilicbzý blanrdimbýl ksihästmi narkmbhi pnr kc Blstun Limbnlic hk Ksihästmis (BLK) y hk nris auklks rkcitvis ic kdpckn5 isbdbsdn, sk obzn uli rkvbsbýl hk ci `b`cbnfrii k blanrdimbýl okdkrnfrémi rkcitvi ic kdi. Mnl ul pir hk mbaris ks pnsb`ck kxpnlkr cis hk`bcbhihks hk ul prnykmn hk mnltlfklmbi piri kc dkrmihn ci`nric, mndn cis quk oi kxkrbnrbzihn oisi kc dndkln ci Cky hk kdpckn pnr onri kl ci kmnlndäi onlhurkùi. Kl kakmn, sk oil narkmbhn dés ri`igns i cis pkrsnlis, sbl kd`irfn, snl kdpckns quk pnhrél ipimbfuir kc oid`rk, pkrn ln prnducfil ul pilnridi hk supkrimbýl i auurn. Kl pnmns misns, uli pkrsnli mnl ul kdpckn `ign ksi dnhicbhih pnhré, ihqubrbr uli vbvbklhi piri kcci y su aidbcbi hk`bhn i ci cbdbilk hk ln mnlir mnl ul kdpckn ksi`ck quk firiltmk i cis blstumbnlks `ilmirbis kc pifn hk uli muni dklsuic pnr pirk hkc ri`igihnr quk qubkri ihqubrbr ul mrâhbn oi`bimbnlic. Cis cbd cbdbi bimbnl mbnlks ks quk prk prkskl skli i ul dnh dnhkcn kcn ci` ci`nri nricc hk rkd rkdulk ulkrim rimbýl býl pnr onr onrii ri rihbmi hbmil l prblmbpicdklk kl kc prkmbn hk ci c i diln hk n`ri y mndn ks hk mnlnmbdbkln p÷`cbmn, ci diln hk n`ri kl Onlhuris, ln sk klmuklri klrk cis quk rkmb`kl ul diynr pifn kl Idârbmi.
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9.; N`gkvns hk ci Blvksfimbýl 9.;.9 N`gkvn Fklkric Kvicuir cns sbskdis hk mnlriimbýl prnpuksi pnr ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onr Onris is kl kc skm skmnr nr kdp kdprks rksirb irbic ic sb kxbs kxbsk k dkg dkgnri nri kl cis mnl mnlri riim imbnl bnlks, ks, isb isbdbs dbsdn, dn, aulhidklir quk cn kstpucihn kl kc pérrian ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn Znr Onri vbfklk prnhumk pârhbhi hk ci c i ksi`bcbhih ci`nric.
9.;.0 N`gkvns Kspkmäamns 9. Ilicbzir cns sbskdis hk mnlriimbýl prnpuksi pnr ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onris, piri ci mrkimbýl hk lukvns puksns hk ri`ign. 0. Hklbr kc nrbfkl gurähbmn hk ci c i Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri kl Onlhuris. =. Ksi`ckmkr kc dirmn kýrbmn y kc dknhncýfbmn quk mnlrdk ci obpýksbs prnpuksi kl ci blvkstfimbýl. blvkstfimbýl. 8. Blvkstfir sn`rk hkrkmon mndpirihn mnl rkcimbýl i ci mnlriimbýl pnr onri kl nrns piäsks. piäsks. ;. Bhkltmir quâ hkrkmons mndpckdklirbns sk cks vuclkril i cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri ic oi`kr icfulis kxmkpmbnlks kl ci cky, kspkmämidklk kl kc pérrian ; hkc irmucn 90. 1. @usmir ci dkgnr sncumbýl pnsb`ck piri quk cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri fnmkl hkc hkrkmon i ci c i ksi`bcbhih ci`nric.
9.1 Zrkfultis hk Blvksfimbýl 9. ¾Ci dkgnri kl cns sbskdis hk mnlriimbýl hk pkrsnlic quk narkmk ci Cky y Zrnfridi
Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onris, oi kstducihn ci blvkrsbýl y mrkimbýl hk lukvns puksns hk ri`ign kl cis kdprksis kl Onlhuris> 0. ¾Muéc ¾Muéc ks kc nrbfkl gurähbmn hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri kl Onlhuris Onlhuris>>
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=. ¾Muéc ks kc dirmn kýrbmn y kc dknhncýfbmn quk mnlrdi ci obpýksbs prnpuksi kl ci blvkstfimbýl> blvkstfimbýl> 8. ¾Muéc ks ci rkcimbýl kxbsklk klrk ci mnlriimbýl pnr onri kl Onlhuris mnl ci hk nrns piäsks> piäsks> ;. ¾Yuâ hkrkmons mndpckdklirbns sk cks vuclkril i cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri ic oi`kr icfulis kxmkpmbnlks kl ci cky, kspkmämidklk kl kc pérrian ; hkc irmucn 90> 1. ¾Muéc ¾ Muéc hk`kräi skr ci dkgnr sncumbýl pnsb`ck piri quk cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri fnmkl hkc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric>
9.6 Gusamimbýl hk ci Blvksfimbýl. Cis sbuimbnlks sbuimbnlks ln aivnri`cks aivnri`cks kl ci kmnln kmnlndäi däi i lbvkc limbnlic, limbnlic, mndn rksucihn rksucihn hk ci mrbsb mrbsbss limbnlic k blkrlimbnlic quk sk oi vklbhn irrisrilhn y iùihbklhn ci mrbsbs quk oi vklbhn i prnvnmir prnvn mir ci pilhkdbi pilhkdbi hkc Mnvbh92, Mnvbh92, dés cns ourimilks ourimilks KXI y BNXI, ci mrbsbs pncätmi pncätmi quk irivbksi kc piäs kl cis ÷ctdis hâmihis `ign ul fn`bkrln bdpnsbtvn, mnrrupn y hbmihnr, iulihn ic lbvkc hk ili ili hkcblmuklmbi, mrkmbdbkln hk ci kxnrsbýl kxnrsbýl k blskfurbhih gurähbmi, snl aimnrks quk oil iakmihn sbflbmitvidklk ic skmnr prnhumtvn hkc piäs ln sncn i cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri, sbln quk, kl fklkric sk oi prksklihn `igi kl cns lbvkcks, prnhummbýl y kdpckn. [li hk cis pkmucbirbhihks hk ksk sbskdi hk mnlriimbýl pnr onri, ks quk kl mbkrn pnrmkligk oi vklbhn i rndpkr ci hurkzi hk cis gnrlihis hk ri`ign mnlvbrtâlhnsk kl ul sbskdi kxb`ck hk mnlriimbýl pnr onris kl kc skmnr skrvbmbns kl fklkric, kc dbsdn oi ivbvihn db blkrâs kl oimkr uli kvicuimbýl hk ksk mndn ul ksducn piri kvicuir sb oi iudklihn cns lbvkcks hk hk blvkrsbýl n mid`bn y ci mrkimbýl hk lukvns puksns hk hk ri`ign, sb cis kdprksis quk mnlriil `ign ksi dnhicbhih ksél mudpcbklhn cn ksi`ckmbhn kl ci Cky n sb ksi cky ks vbncinrbi hk hkrkmons aulhidklicks y ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric, pirtklhn hk cis kxmkpmbnlks quk ksi cky ksi`ckmk kl kc pérrian ; hkc irmucn 90.
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9.? Obpýtksbs hk ci Blvksfimbýl. Ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onris ks ul mndpnlklk hk rklhbdbkln y mndpkttvbhih quk, hk mbkrn dnhn, oi mnlrb`ubhn i blmkltvir ic skmnr kdprksirbic piri ci mrkimbýl hk lukvns kdpckns. Ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onris ks ul kckdkln quk sk mrký piri aivnrkmkr i ci rkhummbýl hk mnsns hk diln hk n`ri hbrkmi kl ci npkrimbýl kl kc skmnr hk kdprksis hk skrvbmbns mndn, kdprks kdp rksis is hk ]kf ]kfurb urbhi hih h y hk kc kckan kanläi läi km kmâk âkri, ri, mnl mnlvbr vbrtâl tâlhns hnskk kl uli pr prkrr krrnfi nfitvi tvi mndpkttvi piri ci kdprksi k blmkltvn i ci blvkrsbýl kxrilgkri hbrkmi kl ksk ru`rn. ]bl kd`irfn, pirtklhn hk cn ksi`ckmbhn kl kc pérrin ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn Znr Onri vbfklk Onri vbfklk sn`rk ci anrdi hk mnlriimbýl y quk cbkricdklk hbmk7 –]k kxmkp÷il hk cn hbspuksn kl ksk Irmucn iqukccis¶ lukvis blhusrbis n imtvbhihks kmnlýdbmis muyi liurickzi hk ci imtvbhih kdprksirbic sk `isk kl kdpckn pnr onri, gnrlihi pirmbic n dkhbn tkdpn, misns mndn lukvis imtvbhihks kmlncýfbmis hk mndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnlim Mklkr y nris quk hk`kl skr micbmihis pnr ci ]kmrkiräi hk Ksihn kl cns Hkspimons hk Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic—. Pkrbâlhnsk ic pérrian ilks dklmbnlihn mnl rkcimbýl ic pérrin 8 hkc irmucn 90 kl 90 kl kc quk sk ksi`ckmk quk, pisihn kc pkrbnhn hk rks (=) iùns, cis kdprksis, pnr mihi iùn hk`k mnl mn lri rii irr hk an anrd rdii bl blhk hkl lbh bhii ic dk dkln lnss kc vk vkbl bltmb tmblm lmn n (0 (0;%) ;%) hk su suss r ri` i`ig igih ihnr nrks ks n ri`igihnris mnlriihns pnr onri, pkrn kxmkpuilhn kl kc pérrian ; i cns misns mndn lukvis imtvbhihks kmlncýfbmis hk mndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnlim Mklkr y nris quk hk`kl skr micbmihis pnr ci ]kmrkiräi hk Ksihn kl cns Hkspimons hk Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic—. ]k vk mndn mciridklk sk kxmcuyk i cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns pnr ksis kdprksis, i pnhkr fnzir hk su hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric, kc muic hk`k skr hk ksrbmn mudpcbdbkln piri nhis cis kdprksis sbl kxmkpmbýl icfuli. Ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ks hkrkmon prnkfbhn y firiltzihn pnr ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi, yi quk nhn ri ri`i `igih gihnr, nr, hk` hk`kk kl klkr kr hkr hkrkmo kmon n i ul ri ri`ig `ign n ks ksi`c i`ckk sbl kxmk kxmkpmb pmbnl nlks, ks, lb cbdbimbnlks i n`klkr ul mrâhbn obpnkmirbn, i ci prnkmmbýl snmbic, ic sicirbn kmâkri.
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]k hk`k hkrnfir kc pérrin ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn Znr Onri vbfklk Onri vbfklk yi quk ksk vi kl mnlri hkc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric hk cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri, hk`bhn i quk ks vbncinrbn hk hkrkmons, ic mndn cn ksi`ckmk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi kl sus irmucns 902 mnl rkcimbýl ic hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric y kc irmucn ;2 ksi`ckmbklhn quk ci pkrsnli ks kc l suprkdn hk ci snmbkhih pnr cn iln kc Ksihn hk`k prnkfkrci.
9.2 QBI@BCBHIH HK K]X[HBN Muicqubkr prnykmn quk klfi mndn n`gktvn prblmbpic `usmir uli sncumbýl i cis cbdbimbnlks quk suarkl kl cns hkrkmons ci`nricks cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih hkc kdpckn pnr onri, ks vbi`ck, yi quk cn quk sk prkklhk ks `usmir uli sncumbýl piri mnd`itr kc aklýdkln hk ci hksksi`bcbhih ci`nric, hksbfuichih y hbsmrbdblimbýl hkc muic snl n`gkn ksns ri`igihnrks, y piri ksn sk hk`k bdpckdklir uli hkrnfimbýl pirmbic ic irmucn 90 pérrian ; hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri quk ln cbdbk lb kxmcuyi i lblf÷l skmnr, sbln quk firiltmk ci ksi`bcbhih hk ul puksn hk ri`ign pkrdilklk, isbdbsdn, ci ckficbhih hkc kc mudpcbdbkln hk cns hkrkmons ci`nricks hk mihi ri`igihnr mnlriihn `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri.
9.2.9 Pkmursns Oudilns, Xâmlbmns, Ablilmbkrns Kc Zrn Zrnfri fridi di Lim Limbnl bnlic ic hk Kdp Kdpckn ckn pnr Onr Onrii dkh dkhbil bilk k ci kx kxb`b b`bcbzi cbzimbýl mbýl hk onr onrirb irbns ns hk mnlriimbýl pkrdbk i cis kdprksis klkr immksn i rkmursn oudiln micbmihn, ic skr pkrsnlic gnvkl ulbvkrsbirbn n pisilks ulbvkrsbirbn, pkrdbtâlhnck i ci kdprksi narkmkr skrvbmbn kmbklk hk micbhih y i ul `ign mnsn, cn quk sk vukcvk kl ul aimnr hk prnhummbýl y ksducn iln piri ci blvkrsbýl limbnlic mndn piri ci kxrilgkri. Kc usn kmiz hkc skmnr ri`ign pkrdbk i cis kdprksis dblbdbzir sus mnsns hk npkrimbýl pkrdbtâlhn pkrdb tâlhncks cks icmil icmilzir zir diyn diynrr mipi mipimbhih mbhih y diyn diynrr `klk `klkmbn mbn kmnlý kmnlýdbmn, dbmn, icmilzilhn icmilzilhn su n`gktvn blbmbic.
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]bl kd`irfn, piri cckvir i mi`n ksi blvkstfimbýl ks lkmksirbn mnlnmkr mnl mcirbhih cis blvkstfimbnlks quk sk kgkmuirél, kc icmilmk quk sk rkqubkrk n`klkr y ci vbi`bcbhih hk ci blvkstfimbýl. Oimkr ul ksuhbn dblumbnsn dblumbnsn i ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri Onri,, hnlhk firiltmk ci lkmksbhih lkmksbhih hk rkicbzir ci hkrnfimbýl hkc irmucn 0 ludkric ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, ndilhn kl mnlsbhkrimbýl cis kxmkpmbnlks ksi`ckmbhis kl ksk pérrian mnl rkcimbýl i cns ri`igihnrks kdpckihns `ign ksi dnhicbhih.
9.2.0 Immksn i ci Blnrdimbýl Pkqukrbhi Ci prksklk blvkstfimbýl sk rkicbzý i pirtr hkc ksuhbn hk cns blanrdks pkrbýhbmns sn`rk ci bdpckdklimbýl hk ci cky y Zrnfridi hk Kdpckn pnr Onris, quk kdbk ci ]kmrkiräi hk Xri` Xr i`ig ign n y ]k ]kfu furb rbhi hih h ]n ]nmb mbic ic (] (]X] X]]) ]),, Kc Mn Mnls lskg kgn n hk Ci Kd Kdpr prks ksii Zr Zrbv bvih ihii (M (MNO NOKZ KZ)) mnrrkspnlhbklks ic iùn 0:0: i ci imuicbhih, Mýhbfn hk Xri`ign hk Onlhuris, Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkpu`cbmi hk Onlhuris, Hkmcirimbýl [lbvkrsic hk Hkrkmons Oudilns, Mnlvklbns y Xriihns [lbvkrsicks, ksihästmi narkmbhi pnr kc Blstun Limbnlic Limbnlic hk Ksihästmis (BLK) y hk nris auklks nmbicks rkcitvis ic kdpckn klrk nris.
9.9: Cbdbtiltks hk ci Blvksfimbýl . Dumois snl cis cbdbimbnlks kl muiln i ci kgkmumbýl hk ksi blvkstfimbýl, mnlsbhkrilhn quk quk uli uli hk kc kcci ciss ks ks,, quk quk kl ci im imu uic icbh bhih ih kl luks luksr rn n piäs piäs,, mihi mihi hä häii mrkm mrkmkl kl dé déss cn cnss ri`igihnrks quk snl mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih hk kdpkcihns pnr onri, cns muicks ln muklil mnl uli ksi`bcbhih ci`nric, quk cks pkrdbi kc immksn i mrâhbns obpnkmirbns n hk muicqubkr älhnck, isä mndn i nrns hkrkmons quk ksél firiltzihns kl ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi y ksn oimk bdpnsb`ck hk`bhn i ci milthih hk ri`igihnrks quk oiy mnlriihns `ign ksi dnhicbhih, simir uli duksri, y ic mndn cn ksi`ckmk kc dânhn muicbitvn ln kxpkrbdklic ksns ksuhbns sk rkicbzil sbl ci dilbpucimbýl hkcb`krihi hk virbi`cks y kl cns quk sýcn sk n`skrvil cns aklýdklns kl su id`bklk liuric piri hkspuâs ilicbzircns (Okrlélhkz, Akrlélhkz y @iptsi 0:9:).
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Nri cbdbilk ks quk ci ]kmrkiräi hk Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic (]X]]) ln tklk uli ksihästmi hkc l÷dkrn hk ri`igihnrks pnr skmnr k blhusrbi quk pkrdbi hkkrdblir uli ksihästmi mnl mcirbhih. Isbdbsdn, nri cbdbilk auk rkicbzir klrkvbsi i ri`igihnrks hkc skmnr kdprksirbic yi quk ksis pkrsnlis quk ri`igil `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri kdkl i skr klrkvbsihns y i hir uli npblbýl pnr kdnr i pkrhkr sus ri`igns y i ln vncvkr i skr rkmnlriihns, cn muic bdpbhk n`klkr hins quk pukhil skr mndpirthns y pu`cbmihns kl icfulis pciianrdis hk ksuhbn hk ksbs. Znr cn iln y skf÷l cn ilks hkiccihn, sk ndiré dikrbic prnpnrmbnlihn pnr hbakrklks auklks mnli`cks piri rkicbzir ul ilécbsbs idpcbn y klklhb`ck.
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Mipbtucn BB7 Dirmn Xkýrbmn. 0.9.
Dirmn Xkýrbmn.
]kf÷l mnlrncks hk ci ]kmrkiräi hk Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic (]X]]), hkc 0:0: i nmu`rk hkc 0:09, muklil mnl icfuli blanrdimbýl hk ci milthih hk kdprksis ihokrbhis i ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onri (ZPNLKO). Isbdbsdn, muklil mnl kc hin hk kdpckns Fklkrihns pnr kc ]kmnr Zrbvihn i rivâs hk Akrbis hk Kdpckn y Mnlrins hk Kdpckn pnr Onri. Kc Blstun Limbnlic hk Ksihästmis kl mnlguln mnl ci ]kmrkiräi hkc Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic y ci NDC, muklil mnl kc hin hkc mndpnridbkln hkc dkrmihn ci`nric hkc 0:91 ic 0:92 y cns kakmns hkc MNQBH92 kl kc 0:0:. Xid`bâl muklil mnl blanrdimbýl sn`rk ci isi hk Zirtmbpimbýl, Kdpckn, Hkskdpckn y ]u`kdpckn, ci isi hk Hkskdpckn pnr Pilfns hk Khih Kh ih,, ]k ]kf÷ f÷l l ]k ]kxn xn,, Hk Hksn snmu mupi pihn hns, s, ci i isi si hk Hk Hksk skdp dpckn ckn I` I`bk bkr rn n (X (XHI HI), ), Zn Zn`c `cim imbý býl l Kmnlýdbmidklk Imtvi (ZKI), Zn`cimbýl Kmnlýdbmidklk Blimtvi (ZKB), Hkskdpckn hk ci Kmnlndäi y hkc Dkrmihn Ci`nric kl 0:0:.
Icfulis kdprksis iln limbnlicks mndn kxrilgkris, sk `klkmbil hk cns blmkltvns smicks ic urbsdn, y sk iprnvkmoil hk ci cky hk kdpckn pnr onris piri hbsdblubr mnsns y iudklir sus fililmbis i su ilngn. Mndn kri prkvbsb`ck, nhis ksis ckyks hk blmkltvn ic urbsdn y i ci blvkrsbýl kxrilgkri piri, supuksidklk, fklkrir kdpckn hkmklk, oil arimisihn. Ci prkmirbzimbýl hk ci vbhi hk dbcks hk ri`igihnrks hi mukli hk ksn. ]kf÷l dilbksil icfulns skmnrks n`rkrns, ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri ks uli dkhbhi kxri kx rinrh nrhbli blirbi rbi pi piri ri hi hirck rck uli npnrulb npnrulbhih hih i cis pkr pkrsnl snlis is kl ul dnd dndkl kln n hk auk aukrk rk mnlrimmbýl hk ci kmnlndäi, pkrn quk kl rkicbhih pukhk sbflbmir piri virbns skmnrks n`rkrns hkc piäs uli rilsakrklmbi hk rkmursns hkshk cns dés pn`rks oimbi cns dés rbmns5 nrns skmnrks mukstnlil cns hins `rblhihns pnr auklks fu`krlidklicks y ci kdprksi prbvihi, skf÷l cns muicks hurilk cns prbdkrns iùns kc Zrnfridi hk Kdpckn pnr Onris oi`räi blvncumrihn i ulis 8.=:: kdprksis y fklkrihn misb 96; dbc pcizis, sbl kd`irfn, ksuhbns rkicbzihns pnlkl ic hksluhn kc dilkgn dicblklmbnlihn y hbsnrsbnlihn hk cis mbaris quk
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`rblhi kc fn`bkrln kl muiln i ci fklkrimbýl hk kdpckn, ifrkfilhn hins prnykmihns i cns hin hi nss rk rkic icks ks.. Ih Ihkd kdés és,, di dilb lbk ks sil il qu quk, k, ip iprn rnxbd xbdih ihid idkl klk k kc 2: 2:% % hk ci ciss pk pkrs rsnl nlis is mnlriihis kdpnricdklk kdpnricdklk tklkl klrk 9 y = iùns ri`igilhn kl kc dbsdn cufir, y quk ksn hkduksri quk icfulis kdprksis ksél usilhn ksk anrdin hk mnlriimbýl piri i`iriir mnsns k brrkspkir hkrkmons ci`nricks. Nri mnsi quk blhbmil ks quk, ln oil mnlnmbhn i lihbk muyn mnlrin oiyi pisihn hk kdpnric i blhklbhn i ri`igihnrks `ign ksi dnhicbhih. Dilbksil quk, pnr kc mnlrirbn, oiy virbns kdpckihns quk kril pkrdilklks y quk ony ri`igil i dkhbn tkdpn.
Hbrbfklks hk ci Mklric N`rkri y sblhbmicks dklmbnlil quk oiy dumons misns hk hkspbhn hk pkrsnl pkr snlic ic pkr pkrdi dilkl lklk k pi piri ri mnl mnlri riir ir i lu lukvn kvn pkr pkrsnl snlic ic kd kdpnr pnric ic y quk dil dilkgi kgil l cns sbfubklks hins skf÷l sus ksuhbns hk blvkstfimbýl7 –Kc 0;% hk cns klrkvbsihns hkmcirý quk oil vbsn hkspbhn hk pkrsnlic pkrdilklk piri rkmnlriircn hk dilkri kdpnric y ul =0% oi isbsthn ic hkspbhn hk pkrsnlic pkrdilklk piri rkdpcizircn mnl kdpnricks. ]k ksé oi`cilhn quk iprnxbdihidklk ul ;6% hk cns puksns hk ri`ign pisirnl i skr puksns prkmirbns. Kl muiln i ci gnrlihi ci`nric, kc 2:% hk cis pkrsnlis klmuksihis oimk ci dbsdi ci`nr quk uli pkrsnli pkrdilklk. Kc =;% ci`nrý ? onris hbirbis, kc ==% hk 2 i 90 onris y kc =% ci`n ci `nrý rý dé déss hk 90 on onri riss hb hbir irbi bis. s. Kc ks ksu uhb hbn n rk rkvk vkci ci i id` d`bâ bâl l qu qukk kc ?1 ?1% % hk ci ciss y cn cnss ri`i ri `igih gihnrk nrkss kd kdpnr pnrick ickss ln tkl tklkk pr prnk nkmmbý mmbýl l mnl mnlri ri immbhkl immbhklks ks y kc ?0% ln fnz fnzii hk prnkmmbýl mnlri klakrdkhihks prnaksbnlicks. Cis dugkrks snl cis quk dés suarkl hbmoi sbuimbýl7 kc 6;% ln tklkl immksn i hkrkmons pnr dikrlbhih y ic 60% sk ck lbkfi su hkrkmon i ci cimilmbi. Mnl rkspkmn ic sicirbn, kc =9% ksé rkmb`bklhn dklns hkc sicirbn dälbdn hk su skmnr, sýcn kc =2% rkmb`k kc sicirbn dälbdn y kc 2% rkmb`k kc sicirbn dälbdn dés kc 0:% kl mnlmkpn hk `nlbmimbýl. Ksi sbuimbýl oimk quk iprnxbdihidklk kc ;=% hk cis pkrsnlis ri`igihnris klmuksihis ln pukhkl ksuhbir, kc 69% ln pukhk mndprir misi, kc 12% ln tklk ul blfrksn ksi`ck y kc ;=% ln pukhk icbdklirsk `bkl mnl cn quk fili. R kc 9::% hk cis y cns ri`igihnrks kdpnricks hbgn quk ks bdpnsb`ck nrfilbzirsk. Muicqubkr blkln krdbli mnl kc hkspbhn
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bldk hbi in. n. (Zr (Zrnyk nykmn mn "Xu "Xurbs rbsdn dn rks rkspnl pnlsi` si`ck, ck, hkr hkrkmo kmons ns oud oudil ilns ns y ri ri`i `ign gn hkmkl hkmklk" k" bldkhb kgkmuihn pnr Ic`i ]uh mnl kc ipnyn hkc Iyulidbkln hk @irmkcnli - Zrnfridi @irmkcnli ]ncbhirbi mnlvnminrbi, 0:9;). 0:9;).
Hk`bhn i cn kxpuksn ilkrbnrdklk y yi quk ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric i hkrkmon Oudiln ks aulhidklic sk rkicbmk ci Hkrnfimbýl pirmbic hkc ludkric ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci cky hk Kdpckn pnr onri onlhurkùi yi quk ksk vi mnlri cns hkrkmons mnlstumbnlicks hk cis pkrsnlis, prblmbpicdklk hk cns ri`igihnrks hk cns skmnrks dklmbnlihns kl ksk pérrian. 0.9.0.
Xknräis Kmnlýdbmis ]n`rk kc Kdpckn.
Kc hkskdpckn sk oi mnlvkrthn kl uli prknmupimbýl dés piri cis snmbkhihks y cns fn`bkrlns i lbvkc dulhbic. I cn cirfn hkc tkdpn sk oil pkrakmmbnlihn hbvkrsis knräis sn`rk ci nmupimbýl, riilhn hk kxpcbmir kc nrbfkl y ci sncumbýl i ksk aklýdkln.
0.9.=. Xknräi Mcésbmi. ]iri Mncés y Ridbrmi Firmäi (]., 0::6)2 kl su irmucn sn`rk cns –Hbakrklks klanquks hkc ilécbs ilé cbsbs bs hkc kdp kdpckn ckn kl ci Xkn Xknräi räi Kmn Kmnlýd lýdbmi bmi—, —, (Xk (Xknrä nräii Mcé Mcésbm sbmi, i, Dir Dirxbs xbsi, i, Lkn Lkncb` cb`kri kricc y Ekylksbili), skùici quk snl mnlsbhkrihns mcésbmns hklrn hk ci kmnlndäi pncätmi `urfuksi, iqukccns kmnlndbsis quk mnl sus knräis sklirnl cis `isks y cns prblmbpbns hk ci obsnrbi kmnlýdbmi. Ci mbklmbi kmnlýdbmi mndbklzi mnl kc hksirrnccn hkc mipbicbsdn, i`irmilhn kc pkränhn hk licks hkc sbfcn _QBB oisi kc prbdkr muirn hkc sbfcn _B_, sbklhn ksi kipi mnlsbhkrihi mndn ci ÷lbmi vkrhihkridklk mbklmi hk ci kmnlndäi pncätmi `urfuksi. Hklrn hk sus prblmbpicks rkprksklilks sk klmuklri Ihid ]dbo y Hivbh Pbmirhn. Ihid ]dbo, sncidklk ks`nzi kc prn`ckdi hkc kdpckn kl kc mnlkxn hk su knräi hkc sicirb sic irbn, n, ln mnl mnlst stuyk uyklhn lhn n`g n`gkn kn ksp kspkmä kmämn mn hk su blv blvkst kstfi fimbý mbýl. l. Zir Zirii ]d ]dbo bo kxb kxbsk sk uli ksrkmoi rkcimbýl klrk ci virbimbýl hkc sicirbn y kc kdpckn, cn quk pukhk sblktzirsk kl cis sbfubklks irdimbnlks7
Cns sicirbns viräil kl prnpnrmbýl blvkrsi i cn frin hkc kdpckn.
Cns sicirbns viräil kl prnpnrmbýl hbrkmi ic mnsn hk su iprklhbzigk mndn ci khumimbýl kl cis irks y kl cis prnaksbnlks cb`kricks, iul ks dés cirfn y mnsnsi.
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Cns sicirbns viräil kl prnpnrmbýl blvkrsi i ci mnltlubhih hkc kdpckn (lblf÷l nrn ri`ign ks dés aémbc hk iprklhkr quk kc hkc ic`iùbc). ]u mndpklsimbýl ci kvkluicbhih hkc kdpckn.
Znr su pirk, Hivbh Pbmirhn kläi mnlmbklmbi quk, mnl kc hksirrnccn hk cis déqublis, ksis sustubräil ic ond`rk mndn diln hk n`ri, ks hkmbr, mnl ci blmnrpnrimbýl hk cis déqublis ic prnmksn prnhumtvn, kc lbvkc hk diln hk n`ri lkmksirbi skräi dklnr, pkrn i ci vkz, mrkäi quk ksi diln hk n`ri sustubhi, klmnlriräi ri`ign dés ihkcilk, iulquk kl cns prbdkrns dndklns ck rikräi sus blmnlvklbklks. ]b kc mipbicbsi, ic utcbzir cis lukvis diqublirbis cnfri n`klkr kc blfrksn lkn usuic, ksiré kstducihn i iudklir ci hkdilhi hk ri`ign y pnr iln, sk blmrkdkliré ci prnhummbýl. Ksi ks ci nmupimbýl kdblklkdklk `urfuksi5 rkmnlnmk cis mnlrihbmmbnlks klrk n`rkrns y krriklbklks ic ihdbtr kc kdpknridbkln hk ci sbuimbýl hk ci mcisk n`rkri, quk ln pukhkl rksncvkr su hkstln pnr sä dbsdns. (Firmäi, 0::2)
0.9.8. Xknräi Dirxbsti. Dnrél, G.C, (Dnrél, 0::1) kl su cb`rn Kmnlndäi Mndulic, oimk ul ilécbsbs hk ci tknräi dirxbsti sn`rk kc kdpckn, hnlhk skùici quk Dirx rii hkc prn`ckdi hk kdpckn i pirtr hkc
ilécbs ilé cbsbs bs hkc prn prnmks mksn n hk imu imudu ducim cimbýl býl mip mipbi bicbs cbsi. i. Ci imu imuduc ducimb imbýl ýl mip mipbi bicbs cbsii fkl fklkri kri ul prnmksn hk kxmcusbýl hk diln hk n`ri quk tklhk i anrdir uli rkskrvi pkrdilklk hk pkrsnlis, i rivâs hk uli prnfrksbvi sustumbýl hk diln hk n`ri pnr diqublirbi, cn quk mnblmbhk mnl cis bhkis hk Pbmirhn sn`rk ci blrnhummbýl hk lukvis diqublirbis. Kccn pnsb`bcbi arklir ci klhklmbi icmbsi hk cns sicirbns, prndnnri hk uli hkdilhi hk diln hk n`ri quk mrkmbkri ic dbsdn rbdn quk ci c i imuducimbýl. (Dnrél, 0::1) Hbmoi rkskrvi hk diln hk n`ri sbrvk mndn rkskrvi kl sä dbsdi piri cns pkränhns hk kxpilsbýl kxpil sbýl mipbicbsi mipbicbsi y i ci vkz mndn dkmilbsdn hk prksbýl piri ci `igi hk cns sici sicirbns. rbns. Ci imuducimbýl fklkri ul kxmkhklk hk diln hk n`ri, pkrn i ci vkz, prkmbsi hk âc piri mnltluir ci imuducimbýl7 ks miusi y mnlhbmbýl hk ci imuducimbýl mipbicbsi. Hbmk Dirx kl Kc Mipbic7 – kc blmrkdkltn hkc mipbtic cckvi mnlsbfn kc blmrkdkltn hk su pirtk virbi`ck, ks hkmbr, hk ci pirtk blvkrhi kl aukrzi hk tri`ign. [li pirtk hk ci pcusvicäi
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blvkrhi kl aukrzi hk tri`ign. [li pirtk hk ci pcusvicäi blvkrhi lkmksirbidkltk klk quk vncvkr i mnlvkrrsk kl mipbtic virbi`ck n kl anlhn ihbmbnlic hk tri`ign. ]b su supn pnlk lkdn dnss qu quk, k, sb sbl l ic ictk tkri rirr ci ciss hk hkdé déss mb mbrm rmul ulst stil ilmb mbis is,, ci mn mndp dpns nsbm bmbý býl l hk hkcc mi mipb pbti tic c pkrdilkmk blvirbi`ck (...) ks kvbhkltk quk ci hkdilhi hk tri`ign y kc anlhn hk su`sbstklmbi hk cns n`rkrns mrkmkré kl prnpnrmbýl ic mipbtic y mnl ci c i dbsdi ripbhkz mnl quk kstk iudkltk (...) ci imuducimbýl hkc mipbtic supnlk, pnr tiltn, ul iudkltn hkc prncktirbihn—
]n`rk cis mnlskmuklmbis hk ksk mrkmbdbkln mnlsilk hk ci hkdilhi hk aukrzi hk ri`ign tklk sn`rk cns sicirbns, kc iunr skùici7 – mndn tnhns cns iùns kltril i tri`igir dés n`rkrns quk kc iùn iltkrbnr, cckfi anrznsidkltk, dés tkdpriln quk tirhk, ul dndkltn kl quk cis lkmksbhihks hk ci imuducimbýl mndbklzil i kxmkhkr ci nakrti lnrdic hk tri`ign y kl quk, pnr cn tiltn, su`kl cns sicirbns— Ksk tpn hk prnmksn sk hbn kakmtvidklk, hurilk cns
pkränhns hk fril kxpilsbýl hkc mipbicbsdn. ((Dirx, Zéf. ;68), 926=) Cns sicirbns tklkl uli rkcimbýl blvkrsi mnl cis fililmbis hk cns mipbicbsis n kdprksirbns, puks kc iudkln hk cns dbsdns fklkri uli `igi hk ci isi hk rkli`bcbhih. Ksi sbuimbýl rik mndn mnlskmuklmbi quk cns kdprksirbns klfil quk hkmbhbrsk klrk blvkrtr dés n ln. ]b ndi ci prbdkri npmbýl kc vncudkl fcn`ic hk `klkmbns n`klbhns pukhk mndpklsir ci hbsdblumbýl pnrmkluic hk ci isi hk fililmbi y, ci hbsdblumbýl hk ci blvkrsbýl mipbicbsi blbmbi ul mbmcn hksmklhklk hk ci kmnlndäi, ul kxmkhklk hk ri`igihnrks y, licdklk, uli `igi hk cns sicirbns y uli rkmupkrimbýl kmnlýdbmi. Kl ci dk dkhb hbhi hi qu qukk ln vi virä räkk ci mn mndp dpns nsbm bmbý býl l hk hkcc mi mipb pbi icc (k (kl l su mn mndp dpnl nlkl klk k vi virbi rbi`c `ckk n hkstlihn i ci mndpri hk aukrzi hk ri`ign y mnlsilk, n hkstlihn i cns `bklks hk mipbic), ci mrbsbs snl kc dkmilbsdn prnpbn hkc mipbicbsdn hk fklkrir hkskdpckn mnyuluric, y isä, `igir cns sicirbns y dilklkr cis fililmbis. Zkrn kccn ln icmilzi, ks hkmbr, kl kc prnpbn prnmksn hk imuducimbýl hk`k kxbstr ul dkmilbsdn hk igusk hk ci rkcimbýl sicirbn-fililmbi y ln kspkrir oisi quk kc igusk ski prnvnmihn pnr ci mrbsbs. Ci mndpkklmbi klrk cns mipbicbsis cns cckvi i ci `÷squkhi hkc i`iriidbkln hk cis dkrmilmäis. Ksn sk mnlsbfuk mnl uli diynr prnhumtvbhih90 hkc ri`ign. Zkrn sb kl kc prnmks prn mksn, n, ci rkc rkcimb imbýl ýl kl klrk rk kc mip mipbi bicc mnl mnlsi silk lk y vir virbi` bi`ck ck pkr pkrdil dilkmk kmk bfu bfuic, ic, cis luk lukvis vis blvkrsbnlks fklkril pckln kdpckn y aivnrkmkl cis mnlhbmbnlks hk ci mcisk n`rkri quk `usmil
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cnfrir iudklns sicirbicks y dkgnris kl cis mnlhbmbnlks hk ri`ign, cn quk hkkrdbli quk ci prnhumtvbhih tklhi blmcusn i `igir. ((Ncksekr, `igir. ((Ncksekr, 0::8).) 0::8).) Ksn ks uln hk cns aimnrks quk cckvil i cns mipbicbsis i blvkrtr hk dilkri mrkmbklk kl mipbic mipb ic mnls mnlsilk ilk,, diqu diqublirbi blirbis, s, lukv lukvis is kmln kmlncnfäi cnfäis, s, dânh dânhns ns dnhk dnhkrlns rlns hk prnh prnhummbýl ummbýl,, klrk nrns. Kl nris pici`ris, ci `÷squkhi hk diynr prnhumtvbhih ln sk `isi kl ci aukrzi hk ri`ign, fklkrilhn ul mid`bn misb pkrdilklk kl ci mndpnsbmbýl nrfélbmi hkc mipbic. Znr ksi rizýl, ln sk prnhumk ul iudkln prnpnrmbnlic hk ci hkdilhi hk ri`ign, sbln pnr cn mnlri mnl rirbn rbn,, uli hbs hbsdbl dblumb umbýl ýl prn prnfrk frksbv sbvi. i. Mnd Mndn n ci hkd hkdil ilhi hi hk ri ri`i `ign gn ln hkp hkpklh klhkk hkc vncudkl hk mipbic nic sbln sncidklk hkc mipbic virbi`ck, hbsdbluyk prnfrksbvidklk i dkhbhi quk iudkli kc mipbic nic, kl vkz hk mrkmkr prnpnrmbnlicdklk kl rkcimbýl mnl ksk, mndn ilks supnläidns. Dirx skùici quk, iulquk kc iudkln hkc mipbic nic supnlk id`bâl ul mrkmbdbkln kc mipbic virbi`ck (y ci hkdilhi hk aukrzi hk ri`ign quk ksk rkprkskli), y ksk rbdn hk mrkmbdbkln mndbklzi i skr dklnr quk kc hk ci pn`cimbýl n`rkri y, pnr iln, surfk ul kxmkhklk n sn`rilk hk cns ri`igihnrks, quk tklhk i skr diynr muiln diynr ks kc rbdn hk ci imuducimbýl mipbicbsi. Ksi pn`cimbýl n`rkri sn`rilk sk fklkri pnr hns väis7 kc hkspbhn hk cns n`rkrns quk ilks kläil ri`ign, y ci bdpnsb`bcbhih hk mnlskfubrcn pnr uli pirk hk cns lukvns mnltlfklks hk ri`igihnrks. Ks bdpnrilk skùicir quk cns prnmksns ln sk kldirmil kl uli sbuimbýl hk mrbsbs, sbln quk rksuc rks ucil il hkc prn prnmksn mksn li liuri uricc hk imu imuduc ducimb imbýl ýl mip mipbi bicbs cbsi i.. R mnd mndn n cns luk lukvns vns mip mipbi bicks cks blvkrthns snl, kl ÷ctdi blsilmbi, rksucihn hkc ri`ign imuducihn, ks ci mcisk n`rkri, mnl su ri`ign, ci quk fklkri cis mnlhbmbnlks piri su auurn hkskdpckn.
Dirx hklk i ci pn`cimbýl n`rkri sn`rilk mndn "Kgârmbn Blhusrbic hk Pkskrvi" (KBP). ]u prbdkri aulmbýl ks hkprbdbr cns sicirbns7 uli ici hnimbýl hk diln hk n`ri hksnmupihi n su`nmupihi prksbnli i ci `igi hk cns sicirbns, pnr kxbstr fklk hbspnlb`ck i ri`igir pnr dklnrk dkl nrkss sic sicir irbns bns.. ]u skf skfulh ulhii aul aulmbý mbýl l ks ci hk rks rkskrv krvi, i, yi quk quk,, kl cns dndklns dndklns hk kxpilsbýl hk ci kmnlndäi, sbkdprk oi`ré hbspnlb`bcbhih hk diln hk n`ri quk, hk ln oi`krci, prksbnliräi i cns sicirbns ic iczi. Kl pkränhns hk mrbsbs, kc KBP, blkfrihn oisi ksk
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dndkln pnr hkspcizihns hk ci imuducimbýl n `usmihnrks hk ri`ign pnr prbdkri vkz quk ln mnlsbfukl kdpckn, kdpckn, sk blmrkdkli blmrkdkli kl vncudkl mnl kc blfrk blfrksn sn hk nhn nhnss cns ri`igihnrks ri`igihnrks hkspcizihns pnr cis kdprksis mkrrihis kl cis mrbsbs. Kl hklbtvi, kc hkskqubcb`rbn hkc dkrmihn hk ri`ign ks ci sudinrbi hk ul mndpnlklk ksrumuric (dnhkcn hk imuducimbýl) y ul mndpnlklk mnyuluric (mrbsbs mämcbmis). Kc KBP tkl tklkk mui muirn rn mnd mndpnl pnlkl klks7 ks7 Cns hks hkskdp kdpcki ckihns hns prn prnpbi pbidkl dklk k hbm hbmons ons,, ks hkm hkmbr, br, ci supkrpn`cimbýl kxmkhklk rkcitvi (]KP) nilk, pnr su klrihi y sicbhi hkc dkrmihn hk ri`ign. ]kräi kc hkskdpckn i`bkrn.
Cns quk tklk ri`ign kspnréhbmn, kl dicis mnlhbmbnlks y pnr klhk sbkdprk ksél hbspuksns i blfrksir ic ri`ign anrdic. ]nl cns prkmirbns k blanrdicks quk Dirx ccidý ]KP blkrdbklk.
Cns quk ksél kl skmnrks quk skrél hksrubhns y ksél kl kspkri hk skr rkskrvi. Dirx cns ccidý ]KP ciklk.
Cns hkspcizihns hklbtvidklk, ks hkmbr, cns hksnmupihns mrýlbmns. (o9)
0.9.;. Xknräi Lknmcésbmi. Dnrél, G.C. (Dnrél, 0::1), Cns lknmcésbmns ck ntnrfil ul pipkc aulhidkltic ic dkrmihn ,
puks cn mnlsbhkril kc dkgnr hbsrb`ubhnr hk cns rkmursns. ]kf÷l ci knräi hk ci mndpkklmbi hkc cibsskz-aibrk, kc pirn sk hk`k, `bkl i uli blkrakrklmbi hkc fn`bkrln kl kc cb`rk gukfn hk cis auk aukrzi rziss hkc dkr dkrmih mihn, n, n fkl fklkri kricdk cdklk lk,, i pré prémtmi mtmiss dnl dnlnp npncäs ncästmi tmis. s. ]nc ]ncn n mnl quk kc fn`bkrln sk i`suvbkri hk blkrvklbr kl cns isulns kmnlýdbmns dkhbilk ci ckfbscimbýl snmbic, cns su`sbhbns, cns hkrkmons irilmkcirbns, km. y i`ilhnliri kc midpn i ci blbmbitvi prbvihi y i ci cb`rk mnlriimbýl kl kc dkrmihn, sk iskfuriräi iundétmidklk ul icn lbvkc hk nmupimbýl. ((Nxanrh. [, 928?).) / 928?).) / (Dnrél G. (., 0::1) Pkhumbhn i su kxprksbýl kýrbmi7 kc pirn kxbsk pnrquk cns sicirbns snl hkdisbihns icns, ksk lbvkc, blhk`bhidklk icn sk diltklk pnr cis prémtmis dnlnpncästmis hk cns sblhbmins n`rkrns, k blhbrkmidklk pnr kc sbskdi hk hbsrb`umbýl quk firiltzi ul lbvkc dälbdn. ]b sk
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suprbdbkril ksis rksrbmmbnlks, ci mndpkklmbi n`cbfiräi i cns sicirbns i hksmklhkr oisi kc lbvkc kl quk rksuciri prnvkmonsn piri cns kdprksirbns kdpckir dés ri`ign. Icfulns mnlsbhkril mndn vkrhihkrns lknmcésbmns i Dirsoicc9; y i Zbfnu5 kccns sklirnl cis `isks hk ci ccidihi kmnlndäi dnhkrli. Zbfnu, mnltkdpnrélkn mnl Dirsoicc, klk virbis n`ris, hkltrn hk cis quk hkstimi –Xknräi hkc kdpckn— , hnlhk hksirrncci cn quk sk oi mnlsbhkrihn ci knräi lknmcésbmi hk ci nmupimbýl,
quk ln ks dés quk ci knräi hkc kdpckn vnculirbn, ci quk kxpcbmi i rivâs Ci knräi lknmcé lkn mcésbm sbmi, i, hk hkklh klhkk kc mrb mrbkr krbn bn hk ci dil diln n blv blvbsb bsb`ck `ck,, hnl hnlhk hk hk anr anrdi di iu iund ndétm étmii cns dkmilbsdns hkc cb`rk dkrmihn, rkfucil ci bfuichih klrk ci nakri y ci hkdilhi hk ri`ign, dilklbklhn ci kmnlndäi kl kc kqubcb`rbn hk pckln kdpckn. (Zbfnu) Kl ci hâmihi hk cns iùns =:, kc dulhn mipbicbsi sk vbn iakmihn pnr ci mrbsbs dés frilhk oisi ksk dndkln, ci mrbsbs hkc 02 ic ==. I ci pir hk ksi mrbsbs sk prnhugn nri hkshk ul puln hk vbsi kýrbmn, hihn quk ci knräi lknmcésbmi auk mnlsrubhi sn`rk ci `isk hk ul mipbicbsdn ismklhklk hk licks hkc sbfcn _B_ y pnr iln, ln pnhäi hir rkspuksi i cns lukvns aklýdklns quk imnlkmäil.
Hkshk blbmbns hkc sbfcn __ sk dilbaksirnl mnl blusbihi mnlulhklmbi cis mnlrihbmmbnlks hkc mipbicbsdn dnlnpncbsi, ci prbdkri Fukrri Dulhbic auk ci silfrbkli mnlmkrimbýl hk ksis mnlrihbmmbnlks Blkr bdpkrbicbsis quk sk imuducirnl mnl ic diflbuh, quk hkspuâs hkc pkränhn hk prnspkrbhih hk pnsfukrri, mnluykrnl kl ci krrb`ck hkprksbýl hk cns iùns =:. Kl ksi âpnmi (9296), yi oi`äi rbulaihn kc snmbicbsdn kl ci [lbýl ]nvbâtmi y kc dirxbsdn sk oi`äi oi` äi hba hbaulh ulhbhn bhn.. Ci kn knräi räi fkl fklkri kricc hk Eky Ekylks lks rkp rkprks rkskl klii ul bl blkl kln n hk pkl pklsid sidbkl bkln n ickrlitvn quk sbflbmý ul mid`bn dknhncýfbmn hk ci nrnhnxbi lknmcésbmi, kl muiln ic rkmoizn hk su sksfihi pkrmkpmbýl dbmrnkmnlýdbmi, ci muic, skf÷l Ekylks, oi`äi hksvbihn su iklmbýl hk cns ksaukrzns hk ilicbzir prn`ckdis dimrnkmnlýdbmns bdpnrilks. Kl mnlskmuklmbi, hbrbfbý ci iklmbýl oimbi cns ifrkfihns, mndn icfn hbakrklk i ci sudi hkc rksucihn hkc mndpnridbkln blhbvbhuic. (Misiùkhi, 0::=)
0.9.1. Xknräi hkc Dnhkcn Ekylksbiln
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Dnril G.C, (Dnrél, 0::1), ]kf÷l Ekylks, kc ilécbsbs lknmcésbmn kri pirmbicdklk mnrrkmn, cn
quk cn cckvý i mndpirtr dumois hk sus bhkis, mndn ci quk kc sicirbn ks bfuic ic prnhumn dirfblic hkc ri`ign, cn quk kri ipcbmihn i muicqubkr aimnr hk ci prnhummbýl. ]kf÷l @klbtn @ksihi Pidns (92?9) ksk pnsucihn ks blmnlsbsklk mnl ci knräi hkc vicnr ri`ign, ihkdés
hk mnlrihkmbrsk i sä dbsdn, puks, iulquk sk imkpiri quk kc ÷ctdn n`rkrn nmupihn sk ck pifi kc prnhumn dirfblic hk su ri`ign, ksk ln skräi mbkrn piri cns n`rkrns ilkrbnrks, sicvn quk sk imkpiri kc okmon quk rbgil hbakrklks sicirbns piri kc dbsdn tpn hk ri`ign, cn muic ln klri kl cns supuksns lknmcésbmns. (Dnril lknmcésbmns. (Dnril G.C, 0::1) / 0::1) / (Pidns, 92?9) ]bl kd`irfn, kxbskl nris bhkis hk cns lknmcésbmns hk ci quk Ekylks, i pirtr hk su mrätmi, kxpnlk sus prnpbns irfudklns. Hk ksk dnhn ci knräi mcésbmi supnlk quk cns n`rkrns tklkl sbkdprk ci pnsb`bcbhih hk rkhumbr su sicirbn rkic, imkpilhn uli rk`igi kl kc lndblic. Kc prblmbpbn hk quk kc sicirbn rkic tklhk i bfuicirsk mnl ci hk sutcbhih dirfblic hkc ri`ign mciridklk supnlk quk cns n`rkrns ksél kl hbspnsbmbýl hk gir pnr sä dbsdn kc sicirbn rkic, iulquk ln kc vncudkl hk nmupimbýl quk hk âc sk hkrbvi. Ci knräi rihbmbnlic snstklk, kl pnmis pici`ris, quk cns mnlvklbns sn`rk cns sicirbns klrk cns kdpckihns y ri`igihnrks, ksns pukhkl, sb cn hkskil, oimkr mnblmbhbr sus sicirbns rkicks mnl ci hk sutcbhih dirfblic hkc ri`ign rksucilk hkc kdpckn narkmbhn pnr cns kdprksirbns mnl hbmon sicirbn. Hk ln skr mbkrn ksn, ln qukhi rizýl piri kspkrir quk kxbsi klhklmbi i ci bfuichih klrk kc sicirbn rkic y ci hk sutcbhih dirfblic hkc ri`ign. (Ekylks, 92=1, Zéf. 08). Ksis bhkis pukhkl rksudbrsk hk ci anrdi sbfubklk7
Cns ri`igihnrks ln iudklil su rksbsklmbi i uli rk`igi sicirbic kl iln kc lbvkc hk nmupimbýl iudkli, sbln quk nmurrk nhn cn mnlrirbn, ksél hbspuksns i imkpir ul sicirbn dklnr pnr ln qukhirsk sbl kdpckn.
Cns ri`igihnrks lulmi hbsmukl kc sicirbn rkic, puks ksk hkpklhk hkc lbvkc hk prkmbns hk cns prnhumns kl kc dkrmihn5 kccns hbsmukl kc sicirbn lndblic.
Mnlrihbmk kc pcilkidbkln hk quk cns sicirbns rkicks y cns lndblicks viräil hk anrd an rdii pr prnp npnr nrmbn mbnli lic, c, ks hk hkmbr mbr,, ic `i `igi girr ul ulns ns `i `igi gil l cn cnss n nrn rns, s, pn pnrr cn qu qukk cn cnss ri`igihnrks sk lbkfil i prksir skrvbmbns pnr kc sicirbn lndblic narkmbhn, imuilhn
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hk ksi dilkri sn`rk kc sicirbn rkic. Iulquk âc ln aulhidkli ksi iprkmbimbýl puhbkri pklsirsk quk sk `isi kl muicqubkri hk ksns mrbkrbns7 i) Ic hbsdblubr hbsdblubr kc lbvkc lbvkc hk nmupimbýl, nmupimbýl, kc sicirbn sicirbn lndbli lndblic,c, `igi icfn, icfn, pkrn kc kc lbvkc hk prkmbns prkmbns hbsdbluyk dés, `usmélhnsk pnr cns kdprksirbns kc aklýdkln hk ci kcistmbhih prkmbn, diynr quk ci ulbhih. `) Zuhbkri Zuhbkri klklh klklhkrs krskk quk kc si sicir cirbn bn lndblic lndblic hbsdbluy hbsdbluykk kc prnhumn prnhumn hk quk oiy dés prksbýl klrk cns n`rkrns pnr ci hksnmupimbýl sn`rkvklbhi, y quk kc lbvkc hk prkmbns pukhk `igir dés pnr ci immbýl mnd`blihi hk ci prnhumtvbhih dés ici hk ksk aimnr kl ksk puln, puln, guln i cn rkakrbhn rkakrbhn i ci kcistmbh kcistmbhih ih.. (Klfkcs, 9202 ic 92==) Ksns snl cns irfudklns quk Ekylks npnlk i cis kxpcbmimbnlks lknmcésbmis, hklrn hk sus prnpbis mnlmkpmbnlks, quk ln snl nrns quk mnlsbhkrir quk kc lbvkc hk kdpckn sk hkkrdbli y rksukcvk hklrn hk cis rkcimbnlks `bcikricks mnl cns n`rkrns y kdprksirbns. (@ksihi P, 92?9) Ksi mnlvbmmbýl lns oi`äi mnlhumbhn i pklsir quk cns ri`igihnr ri`igihnrks ks pnhäil klmnlrir kdpckn sb imk imkpi piril ril uli rkh rkhumm ummbýl býl hk sus sicirbn sicirbnss rki rkicks cks,, y ks kskk kri kc ÷l ÷lbmn bmn n`s n`sém émucn ucn qu qukk klmnlri`i ci cky hk ]iy9? piri mnlhumbr ci kmnlndäi ic pckln kdpckn. Ksiss fklk Ksi fklkricbzi ricbzimbnlks mbnlks obsýrbmis obsýrbmis aukrn aukrnl l ii iimihi mihiss pnr Dirx y Klfkcs. Cns aulhihnrks hkc dirxbsdn ” cklblbsdn oi`äil blmkltvihn i ci lkmksbhih hk ilicbzir cis ckyks hk mihi dnhn
hk prnhummbýl. Hkshk ksk puln hk vbsi, ci nakri ln pukhk mrkir su prnpbi hkdilhi kl kc dnhn hk prnhummbýl mipbicbsi mndn cn irdi`i Gkil @iptsk ]iy, hk`bhn prkmbsidklk i su prnpbi cky aulhidklic. Ks hkmbr, ilks hk quk uli mrbsbs hk prnpnrmbnlks ulbvkrsicks, mndn ci hkc 9202 ic 92==, ou`bkri kvbhklmbihn quk ci nakri ln mrki su prnpbi hkdilhi, yi ksi rupuri oi`äi sbhn hksmu`bkri pnr Dirx y Klfkcs. Ekylks Eky lks hks hksmu` mu`rbý rbý quk kc kla klanqu nqukk lkn lknmcé mcésbmn sbmn kri kxmk kxmksbv sbvid idkl klkk dbm dbmrns rnsmýp mýpbmn bmn,, y qu qubsn bsn mnlrb`ubr mnl ul puln hk vbsi mndpckdklirbn, quk ccidý dimrnsmýpbmn. Ziri Ekylks, ln kril kri l cns kck kckvih vihns ns sic sicirb irbns ns ci miu miusi si hkc dis disbvn bvn hks hkskdp kdpckn ckn blv blvncu nculi lirbn rbn qu qukk kxb kxbsi si kl Blfcikrri, kl cns Ksihns [lbhns y kl nrns piäsks hksirrnccihns kl ci âpnmi hk Fril Hkprksbýl. Ci vkrhihkri miusi oi`äi quk `usmirci kl ul prn`ckdi hk blsumbklmbi hk
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hkdilhi ifrkfihi, y, aulhidklicdklk, kl kc mndpnlklk dés vncétc hk ci dbsdi, quk kri ci blvkrsbýl prbvihi hk cns kdprksirbns. Ekylks sk hbn mukli hk quk ci blvkrsbýl kdprksirbic hkpklhäi hk cn quk âc ccidi`i kc ksihn hk élbdn hk cns mipbicbsis, y hk quk âsk sk anrdi`i hk imukrhn sn`rk nhn mnl cis kxpkmitvis hk `klkmbn (hk rkli`bcbhih) quk kccns dbsdns sk oimäil --sn`rk ci `isk hk ul mndpckgn klridihn hk riznlks, hnlhk npkri`il aimnrks hk tpn su`gktvn y n`gktvn ic dbsdn tkdpn--5 y, licdklk, hk quk duy `bkl puhbkri nmurrbr quk ksk ksihn hk élbdn aukri dés `bkl hkprksbvn hk`bhn i cis pn`rks kxpkmitvis, prnvnmilhn ul `ign lbvkc hk blvkrsbýl, hbsdbluyklhn mnl kcci, ci hkdilhi hk ri`ign pnr pirk hk cns kdprksirbns mipbicbsis. Ksis lukvis bhkis hk Ekylks id`bâl cn mnlhugkrnl oimbi ul tpn hk rkmkis duy hbstlis hk cis quk prnpufli`il cns lknmcésbmns. Zuksn quk kc prn`ckdi kri hk hkdilhi ifrkfihi, y dés mnlmrkidklk hk ci blvkrsbýl prbvihi, hk cn quk sk riiräi, skf÷l âc, ks hk rkimtvir ci hkprbdbhi hkdilhi pnlbklhn l i cis miusis hk ksi hkprksbýl. Ziri kccn, i cirfn pcizn sk riiräi hk rkprnhumbr cis mnlhbmbnlks hk mnlilzi kdprksirbic quk cckviril i ci mcisk mipbicbsi, hk anrdi kspnlélki, i fklkrir kc lbvkc hk blvkrsbýl sumbklk mndn piri bdpucsir ci rkmupkrimbýl, quk vklhräi skfubhi pnr ul lukvn iudkln hk ci prnhummbýl y hk ci nakri, y, pnr mnlsbfubklk, hkc kdpckn. Zkrn Ekylks ksi`i dumon dés blkrksihn kl kc mnrn quk kl kc cirfn pcizn, pirtklhn hkc supuksn hk quk diùili nhns ksirkdns dukrns, sk mnlmklrý kl cis dkhbhis lkmksirbis i mnrn pcizn. [l mnlguln hk pncätmis quk, skf÷l âc, hk`kräil pnlkrsk kl prémtmi pnr ci snmbkhih, y dés pirtmucirdklk pnr kc Ksihn, mnl kc n`gktvn hk rkhumbr cis isis hk hkskdpckn i cns lbvkcks dés `igns pnsb`cks kl kc dés mnrn kspimbn hk tkdpn pnsb`ck. Hkshk ksk puln hk vbsi, Ekylks mrkäi quk, kl tkdpns hk mrbsbs, ln oi`äi tkdpn piri kspkrir kspkr ir quk cis aukrzis hk dkrmi dkrmihn hn sk pusbk pusbkril ril i mnrrkf mnrrkfbr br pnr sä sncis cns hkskqubcb`rbns hkskqubcb`rbns,, y hkaklhbý p÷`cbmidklk ci lkmksbhih hk quk kc Ksihn ndiri miris kl kc isuln y sk klmirfiri âc dbsdn, hbrkmidklk, hk hbrbfbr ci kmnlndäi oimbi ci hbrkmmbýl ihkmuihi. I aici hk uli hkdilhi hk dkrmihn kspnlélki sumbklk, prnpnläi quk aukri kc Ksihn kc quk
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mndpckiri su blsumbklmbi mnl uli hkdilhi p÷`cbmi ihbmbnlic hkstlihi i aivnrkmkr cis vklis y ci prnhummbýl hk cis kdprksis (ks hkmbr, kc kdpckn). Hk nhns ks si`bhn quk cis rkmkis hk Ekylks aukrnl i ci vkz dnlkirbis y smicks. Hk okmon, prnpnläi sbdpckdklk quk kc Ksihn fisisk dés sbl lkmksbhih hk rkmiuhir dés bdpuksns, b dpuksns, sbln dk sbln dkhb hbil ilk k ci ks ksr ri ikf kfbi bi hk bl blmu murr rrbr br kl hâ hâm mb b p÷ p÷`c `cbmn bmnss su sumk mksbv sbvns ns,, hb hbrk rkm mid idkl klk k lilmbihns pnr lukvis kdbsbnlks dnlkirbis. Ekylks blrnhugn kl su knräi fklkric ci mikfnräi hkc hkskdpckn blvnculirbn, quk oisi ksk dndkln ln kri riihi pnr cns lknmcésbmns, puksns hkaklhäil ci knräi hkc prnaksnr Zbfnu hkc hkskdpckn vnculirbn. Iulquk ksi mikfnräi rksuciri lnvkhnsi piri kc dulhn kmnlýdbmn `urfuâs, `urfuâs, âsi yi oi`äi sbhn riihi pnr Eirc Dirx muilhn hklbý kc kgârmbn blhusrbic hk rkskrvi. Cns ilécbsbs hk Ekylks pirkl hk ci hkdilhi, hkshk kc puln hk vbsi dknhncýfbmn, bfuic quk cns dirfblicbsis. Imkpi ic pbk hk ci ckri ci cky hk cns rklhbdbklns hkmrkmbklks y utcbzi oisi cis ÷ctdis mnlskmuklmbis cns prn`ckdis hkc dirfkl (prnpklsbýl dirfblic i mnlsudbr, kmimbi dirfblic hkc ri`ign, km.). Kc dnh dnhkcn kcn eky ekylks lksbil biln n ks mnl mnlsbh sbhkri krihn hn mnd mndn n ul dnh dnhkcn kcn mnr mnrnp npcim cimbs bsi, i, bl blimb imbnli nlirbn rbn y hkmbirbn. hkmb irbn. Ksis dbsdi dbsdiss miri mirimkräs mkrästmis tmis obmbk obmbkrnl rnl quk dumons cn mnlsb mnlsbhkri hkriril ril mndn ul arimisn piri cns iùns pnskrbnrks i ci mrbsbs. ]iri Mncis, Ridbrmi Firmäi (]., 0::6), kl ul ksuhbn pu`cbmihn sn`rk ci Xknräi Kmn Kmn (siri
mncis, 0::6)lýdbmi 0::6)lýdbmi hkc Kdpckn, idpcbi sn`rk ksis knräis7 Cns lknmcésbmns sbfubkrnl hksirrnccilhn sus knräis, pkrakmmbnlélhncis y ihipélhncis i cis lukvis mnlhbmbnlks, kgkdpcn hk ksn cn mnlstuyk ci murvi hk Zobccbps92 y cis dnhbmimbnlks hk ksi murvi rkicbzihi pnr (Zokcps) (Zokcps)ic ic y mndn auk riihn kl kc mipäucn B hk ksk ri`ign. Kc Ksihn ks, skf÷l cns lknmcésbmns, uli aukrzi blkrvklmbnlbsi y hbsnrsbnlilk pnrquk mnl sus rkfucimbnlks y ckyks --sbkdprk kxmksbvis, i gubmbn hk ksns iunrks--, bdpbhk quk sk anrdk kl kc dkrmihn hk ri`ign, ul vkrhihkrn prkmbn cb`rk. Ic bdpnlkr sicirbns dälbdns, su`sbhbns y nris prnkmmbnlks arklk ic hkskdpckn, ic rkfucir hk anrdi blkrvklmbnlbsi kc dkrmihn hk ri`ign, cns hkrkmons hk oukcfi y hkspbhn, ci mnlriimbýl mnckmtvi, km.5 ic imuir, kl sudi, mndn ul Ksihn hk `bklksir (kl ci kxprksbýl aivnrbi hk cns ekylksbilns), y ln mndn ul sbdpck Ksihn cb`kric kl rkicbhih cn quk oimk kc Ksihn ks mnlrb`ubr i kckvir irtmbicdklk kc prkmbn hkc dkrmihn hk ri`ign (ks hkmbr, ci isi sicirbic) pnr klmbdi hkc lbvkc quk
0;
mnrrkspnlhkräi i cns aulhidklns blkrlns hk ci kmnlndäi (ks hkmbr, ic aulmbnlidbkln cb`rk y kxb`ck hk ksk dkrmihn). Znr su pirk, cns sblhbmins oimkl nrn iln hk cn dbsdn ic bdpnlkr su pnhkr hk dnlnpncbn kl kc cihn hk ci nakri hkc dkrmihn hk ri`ign. Kl cufir hk hkgir kl cb`krih ic ri`igihnr piri hkmbhbr quk cckfuk i ul imukrhn cb`rk mnl kc kdprksirbn, fubihns id`ns kxmcusbvidklk pnr cis kxbfklmbis hk sus rkspkmtvns mndpnridbklns blhbvbhuicks rimbnlicks --quk kl kc anlhn mndpirkl, puks sk `isil id`ns frupns, skf÷l cns lknmcésbmns, kl ci `÷squkhi mnlskmuklk hk ci dixbdbzimbýl hk sus rkspkmtvis aulmbnlks hk utcbhih--, kl vkz hk ksn, cn quk mnlsbfukl cns sblhbmins ks oimkr kakmtvn ul dnlnpncbn kl kc dkrmihn hk ri`ign, fklkrilhn isä nhns cns kakmns lnmbvns quk ci knräi kmnlýdbmi mnlvklmbnlic isnmbi mnl kc dnlnpncbn, mndn uln hk cns aiccns hk dkrmihn pbmns, i si`kr7 ci n`klmbýl hk prkmbns dés icns y milthihks dés `igis hk cis quk mnrrkspnlhkräil kl bfuichih hk mbrmulsilmbis i ci sbuimbýl hk cb`rk mndpkklmbi. ]b kccns mucpil ic Ksihn y i cns sblhbmins hk skr cns rkspnlsi`cks ÷ctdns hkc kckvihn lbvkc sicirbic y oimkl rkmikr sn`rk kc kckvihn lbvkc hk sicirbn ci kxpcbmimbýl hkc hkskdpckn, ci sncumbýl quk narkmkl ln pukhk skr dés cýfbmi hkshk su prnpbn puln hk vbsi. ]k rii hk pnlkr nhns cns dkhbns ic icmilmk hk ci snmbkhih piri mnlskfubr quk cns sicirbns hksmbklhil oisi su lbvkc hk kqubcb`rbn, hk anrdi quk, uli vkz puksi kl prémtmi hk vkrhih ci kxb`bc kx b`bcbzi bzimbý mbýl l hkc dkr dkrmih mihn n hk ri ri`i `ign, gn, y kcb kcbdbl dblih ihii hk okm okmon on ci rbf rbfbhk bhkz, z, sk vnc vncvkr vkräi äi kc kqubcb`rbn Kl ârdblns frémns sk rihumbräi kl kc hkspcizidbkln oimbi i`ign y oimbi ci hkrkmoi i cn cirfn hk ci murvi hk hkdilhi hk ri`ign, kc mnlskmutvn hksmklsn sicirbic rikré ipirkgihis, sbducélkidklk, kc iudkln hk ci milthih hkdilhihi, ci hbsdblumbýl hk ci milthih narkmbhi y, ic dbsdn tkdpn, kc iundétmn vimbihn lic hkc dkrmihn, mnl cn quk kc kqubcb`rbn licdklk rksucilk sbflbmiré kc ilokcihn rknrln ic lbvkc hk pckln kdpckn I su vkz mnlsbhkril quk kxbskl rks tpns hk hkskdpckn7 kc arbmmbnlic, kc ksrumuric y kc mämcbmn. Cns kmnlndbsis `urfuksks oil hksirrnccihn sus knräis prémtmidklk ic dirfkl hk ci knräi dirxbsi "Ziri Dirx, cns mid`bns quk sk prnhumkl kl ci ksakri hk ci prnhummbýl snl cns quk hktkrdblil cns mid`bns kl ci ksakri hk ci mbrmucimbýl." ( (Dncbli) , , Zéf. 8=) Ziri Dirx kc
hkskdpckn ks blokrklk hkc sbskdi mipbicbsi. Cns mipbicbsis kl su iaél hk iudklir sus
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fililmbis riil hk iudklir ci rkli`bcbhih blvbrtklhn mihi vkz dés kl mipbic gn, yi ski dkhbilk ci blrnhummbýl hk kqubpns dés dnhkrlns, lukvis kmlncnfäis y dânhns, mnl cn quk ci isi hk mrkmbdbkln hkc lbvkc hk kdpckn vi hbsdbluyklhn, ks hkmbr, ci hkdilhi hk ri`ign hkpklhk hkc mipbic virbi`ck. Znr ic rizýl pcilki quk uli pirk hkc hkskdpckn ks ksrumuric, pkrn i ci vkz kxbsk ul hkskdpckn mnyuluric, prnvnmihn pnr cis mrbsbs mämcbmis prnpbis hkc sbskdi, mnlstuyklhn uli lkmksbhih hkc dbsdn hk mnlir mnl ul kgârmbn hk n`rkrns n`rkr ns piri cns pkrän pkränhns hns hk kxpilsbýl kmnlýdbmi kmnlýdbmi y piri quk kgkrzil prksbýl prksbýl i ci `igi hk cns sic sicirb irbns ns Ks Ksii sup supkrp krpn`c n`cimb imbýl ýl kxmk kxmkhkl hklk k rkc rkcitv itvii hk n`r n`rkrn krns, s, Dir Dirxx ci su` su`hbv hbvbhk bhk kl7 nilk, blkrdbklk, ciklk y mrýlbmi. Ci imudu imuducimbýl cimbýl hkc mipb mipbic ic ks ul prnm prnmksn ksn prnaulhidkl prnaulhidklkk mnl mnlrihbm rihbmnrbn nrbn.. Znr uli pir pirk, k, ci imud im uduc ucim imbý býl l hk hkcc mi mipb pbi icc ks au aukl klk k hk pr prnf nfrk rksn sn hk ci pr prnh nhum ummb mbýl ýl,, hk hkcc hk hksi sirr rrnc nccn cn y pkrakm pkr akmmbnl mbnlidb idbkl kln n hk cis au aukrz krzis is prn prnhum humtvi tviss hk ci snm snmbkh bkhih ih mip mipbi bicbs cbsi i.. Znr nr nri, i, vi imndpiùihi hkc blmrkdkln hk ci kxpcnimbýl hk cns ri`igihnrks, hkc hkskdpckn, hkc kdpknridbkln hk ci sbuimbýl iln hk cns pirihns mndn hk cns quk tklkl ri`ign. Ic rkspkmn Dirx ksmrb`bý7 "Muiln diynr ks ci rbqukzi snmbic, kc mipbic kl aulmbnlks, y ci blklsbhih hk su hksirrnccn y diynrks, pnr iln, ci diflbuh i`sncui hkc prnckirbihn y ci aukrzi prnhumtvi hk su ri`ign, diynr ks id`bâl kc kgârmbn blhusrbic hk rkskrvi—. Ci aukrzi hk ri`ign hbspnlb`ck sk hksirrncci pnr cis dbsdis miusis quk ci aukrzi kxpilsbvi hkc mipbic.
Ci diflbuh rkcitvi hkc kgârmbn blhusrbic hk rkskrvi mrkmk, pnr mnlsbfubklk, mnlanrdk mrkmkl cis pnklmbis hk ci rbqukzi. Zkrn muiln diynr ks ksk kgârmbn hk rkskrvi kl mndp mn dpir irim imbý býl l mn mnl l kc kg kgâr ârmb mbn n n` n`rk rkrn rn kl im imtv tvn, n, di diyn ynrr ks ci di disi si hk su supk pkrp rpn` n`ci cimbý mbýl l mnlsncbhihi, muyi dbskrbi ksé kl rizýl hbrkmi i su nrdkln hk ri`ign. R, licdklk, muiln dés mrkmk ci dbskrbi hklrn hk ci mcisk n`rkri y kc kgârmbn blhusrbic hk rkskrvi, dés mrkmk id`bâl kc piupkrbsdn nmbic.
Ksi pirtmucirbhih pirtmucirbhih hk ci imudu imuducimbýl cimbýl mipbicbsi mipbicbsi klfk klfklhri lhri uli hkkr hkkrdblih dblihii klh klhklmbi klmbi obsýrbmi kl kc hksirrnccn hkc mipbicbsdn y ks quk kl kc skln hk ksk râfbdkl snmbic sk klmuklri kc fkrdkl hk ci hksrummbýl, hk su sustumbýl pnr ul râfbdkl snmbic lukvn, quk
06
ks kc snmbicbsdn. Zkrn iln Dirx mndn Klfkcs ln sk cbdbirnl i rizir kc hkrrnkrn fklkric hkc hksirrnccn auurn hk ci snmbkhih5 kl kc prnckirbihn, kl ci mcisk n`rkri hksmu`rbkrnl ci aukrzi snmbic klmirfihi hk cckvir i mi`n ksi fril rilsanrdimbýl7 hksrubr ic mipbicbsdn y mnlsrubr kc snmbicbsdn Kl mnlmcusbýl, ci knräi dirxbsi hkc kdpckn sk hbakrklmbi hk ci ln dirxbsi kl muiln i cis miusis y pnsb`cks sncumbnlks dirxbsi sncumbnlks quk ck hil ic prn` prn`ckdi ckdi hkc kdpckn, kdpckn, dbklris quk mnblmbhkl kl cis mcisbmimbnlks fklkricks hkc hkskdpckn (mämcbmn (mämcbm n y ksrumuric). Ci knräi dirxbsi hkc kdpckn pirk hk ci nakri piri kxpcbmir cis miusis hkc kdpckn, sbklhn ksk prnhumn hkc prnmksn hk imuducimbýl mipbicbsi. Ci hkdilhi hk ri`ign hkpklhk hkc mipbic virbi`ck pnr cn quk ci hbsdblumbýl prnpnrmbnlic kl su blvkrsbýl prnvnmi ul kxmksn hk diln hk n`ri, anrdélhnsk kc kgârmbn blhusrbic hk rkskrvi. Ci kn knräi räi eky ekylks lksbil bilii pci pcilk lkii ci hk hkmbkl mbklmbi mbi hk ci hkd hkdilh ilhii fcn fcn`i `icc ks ci miu miusil silk k hkc hkskdpckn y quk kc dkrmihn, kl âpnmis hk mrbsbs, ln ks mipiz m ipiz hk rkfucir iundétmidklk ci kmnlndäi, prblmbpicdklk piri dilklkr kc lbvkc hk kdpckn. Kl kc mnrn pcizn, snl cis rbfbhkmks hk cns sicirbns lndblicks cis quk bdpbhkl kc igusk hkc dkrmihn hk ri`ign. Ci knräi lknmcésbmi pcilki quk ci blkrvklmbýl hkc Ksihn y hk cns sblhbmins prnvnmi kc iudkln hk cns sicirbns rkicks pnr klmbdi hkc lbvkc hk kqubcb`rbn y pnr iln, kc hkskdpckn. Hk ln kxbstr hbmoi blkrvklmbýl, ci kmnlndäi ri`igi i ul lbvkc hk pckln kdpckn, hnlhk ci hkdilhi hk ri`ign ks bfuic i ci nakri hk ri`ign. (Ekylk (Ek ylks7 s7 Xknräi Xknräi fkl fklkri kricc hk ci nmu nmupi pimbýl mbýl,, kc bl blkrâ krâss y kc hblkrn - Cb` Cb`rn rn B. kx kxriä riähn hn hk (X, 0:96) / 0:96) / (Xksbs Hnmnricks) Hk anrdi rksudbhi pnhkdns vkr cis prblmbpicks hbakrklmbis hk ksis knräis kl kc muihrn quk ipirkmk i mnltluimbýl7 0.9.6 Xi`ci hk mnlfruklmbi Ln. 9 Mnlmkptn
Cn quk cn miusi
Muihrn 9. Xknräis Fcn`icks sn`rk kc Kdpckn X. Lknmcésbmi X. Ekylksbili I lbvkc dulhbic oi oi`bhn `isilk rbfbhkz hk cns sicirbns Kc `ign pnr ci blkrvklmbýl hkc Ksihn pnrmkltigk hk ci quk ln oil pkrdbthn quk kc blvkrsbýl pnr pirtk hk ci dkrmihn hk ri`ign iundétmidklkk sk rkmupkrk kdprksi iundétmidkl prbvihi. nicdklk kl rkcimbýl i ci kmnlndäi y cnfrk kc kqubcb`rbn.
Xknräi Dirxbsti Zrnmksn hk rkprnhummbýl hkc mipbic blokrklk ic sbskdi hk imuducimbýl mipbicbsi.
0?
Kgkdpcns hk Arbmmbnlic, Ksrumuric y hkskdpckn Mämcbmn.
Znsb`ck rksncumbýl
]k rkqubkrk kxb`bcbzimbýl kl kc dkrmihn hkc ri`ign, kcbdblilhn ci rbfbhkz.
Blrnhumk ci mikfnräi hk hkskdpckn blvnculirbn
Ksrumuri ic hkskdpckn kl7 nilk, blkrdbklk, ciklks y mrýlbmns
Zrnpnläi quk kc Ksihn fisisk dés, sbl lkmksbhih hk rkmiuhir dés bdpuksns, dkhbilk ci ksrikfbi hk blmurrbr kl hâmbs p÷`cbmns sumksbvns.
Dilbksil quk kc Ksihn ks kc dkgnr rkfucihnr y hbsrb`ubhnr hk cns rkmursns. Hksipirbmbýl hkc mipbicbsdn k blsiurimbýl hkc snmbicbsdn.
Anrditn hk muihrn tndihn mndn rkakrklmbi hkc blanrdk hk
(Frbùél).
0.9.? Cis @isks Xkýrbmis. ]kf÷l kvicuimbýl quk sk oi rkicbzihn ic Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn Znr Onris i cn cirfn hk ksns iùns tklk mbkris vkligis y hksvkligis piri cns ri`igihnrks sugkns i ksi dnhicbhih hk mnlriimbýl, klrk cis vkligis quk cnfrk bhkltmir hurilk ci blvkstfimbýl ks quk narkmk i cis pkrsnlis hbakrklks anrdis hk ksir kl mnlimn mnl ci snmbkhih y i ci vkz kqubcb`rir kqubcb`rir kc tkdpn piri mndpirtr mndpirtr mnl ci aidbc aidbcbi bi y rkicb rkicbzir zir mndprndbsns mndprndbsns pkrsnlicks pkrsnlicks y prnaksbnlicks, piri qubklks irivbksil uli dici âpnmi kmnlýdbmi, kc ri`ign pnr onri prnpnrmbnli uli klrihi ic éd`bn ci`nric, prnoä`k ic pirnln kakmuir rkhummbnlks hk pkrsnlic pkrdilklk sicvn cis gusis miusis hk hkspbhn, rklulmbi n krdblimbýl hk ri`ign pnr du duun un imu imukrh krhn n y pns pnsb`b b`bcbi cbi ci mnl mnlri riim imbýl býl pkr pkrdi dilkl lklk k hk kdp kdpcki ckihn hnss `i `ign gn ks ksii dnhicbhih, uli vkz quk rilsmurri kc pkrbnhn hk rks iùns, ionri `bkl, id`bâl sk bhkltmý icfulis hksvkligis mndn skr7 pârhbhi hk ksi`bcbhih ci`nric, mnltlubhih y mnlriimbýl pkrdilklk, pârhbhi hk `klkmbns7 kc sicirbn dés `ign quk cns ri`igns hk tkdpn mndpckn pkrdilklk, y ci aici hk `klkmbns, snl kc cihn nsmurn hkc kdpckn pnr onri, dnvbcbhih ci`nric rkhumbhi7 ks pnsb`ck quk cns kdpckihnrks ln narkzmil puksns aivnri`cks n ismklsns i cns kdpckihns
02
piri kc misn hk uli vimilk u npkl pnr kc mksk ci`nric muilhn kc lkxn gurähbmn ci`nric mudpci cns = iùns.
=:
0.0 DIPMN OB]XÝPBMN 0.9 Obstnrbi hkc Xri`ign i kdpn pirmbic n pnr Onri. [l ri`ign i tkdpn pirmbic n pnr onri ks uli anrdi hk kdpckn isicirbihn quk nmupi dklnr l÷dkrn hk onris pnr skdili quk cis quk ksél ksi`ckmbhis pnr ci cky limbnlic. ]nl mnlsbhkrihns ri`igihnrks i tkdpn pirmbic iqukccns quk oi`buicdklk ri`igil dklns hk =: n =; onris pnr skdili, virbi`ck skf÷l cis ckyks ci`nricks hk mihi piäs. Hk imukrhn mnl ci Nrfilbzimbýl Blkrlimbnlic hkc Xri`ign (NBX), kl cns ÷ctdns 0: iùns, kc l÷dk l÷ dkrn rn hk r ri` i`ig igih ihnr nrks ks i tk tkdp dpn n pi pirm rmbi bicc oi iu iudk dkl lih ihn n hk ul ulii mu muir iri i pi pir rkk i iprnxb ipr nxbdih dihidk idklk lk ci db dbih ih hk ci auk aukrzi rzi ci` ci`nri nricc hk cns piä piäsks sks dés hks hksirr irrncc nccihn ihns, s, mnl kxmcusbýl hk cns Ksihns [lbhns. Oiy dumois riznlks piri ri`igir i tkdpn pirmbic n pnr onri, blmcuyklhn kc hkskn hk oimkrcn pnr dntvns pkrsnlicks, kc rkmnrk hk onris kl kc mnlrin ci`nric ipcbmihn pnr cis kdprksis, y ln pnhkr klmnlrir ul ri`ign i tkdpn mndpckn. m ndpckn. Kc mnlvklbn 96; hk ci Nrfilbzimbýl Blkrlimbnlic hkc Xri`ign rkqubkrk quk cns ri`igihnrks i tkdpn pirmbic ln rkmb`il ul rin dklns aivnri`ck quk cns ri`igihnrks i tkdpn mndpckn, mnlvklbn imuicdklk ln ritmihn pnr Onlhuris y kc muic kc fn`bkrln hk`kräi oimkrcn piri firiltzir ksk hkrkmon i cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns pnr onri n i tkdpn pirmbic. 0.9.0 Xi`ci hk mnlfruklmbi Ln.0. Zrnpnrmbýl hk ri`igihnrks i tkdpn pirmbic kl ci aukrzi ci`nric kl 92?2
Ziäsks @igns7 ==% Lnrukfi7 01% Hblidirmi7 08% ]ukmbi7 08%
Pkbln [lbhn7 00% Gipýl7 9?% KK.[[.7 96% Pkp. Akh. hk Ickdilbi7 9=% Arilmbi7 90%
@âcfbmi7 9:% Iusrbi7 6% Bicbi7 1% Kspiùi7 ;%
=9
Zrnpnrmbýl hk ri`igihnrks i tkdpn pirmbic kl ci aukrzi hk ri`ign, 0::6. Ond`rks / Dugkrks Dici 8% / 08,2% [K-06 1,2% / =:,6% Kspiùi =,2% / 00,6% Lnrukfi 90,?% / 8=,1% Wnli kurn 1,2% / =8,?% Ksnlbi =,?% / 9:,1% Ziäsks @igns 00,;% / 68,?% Ickdilbi ?,;% / 8;,=% Ablcilhbi ?,=% / 9?,?% Zncnlbi ;,?% / 99,6% Iusrbi 1,0% / 8:,?% Arilmbi ;,;% / =:,0% Znrufic, 8,6% / 9=,1% @âcfbmi 6,9% / 8:,;% Frkmbi 0,;% / 2,2% @ucfirbi 9,9% / 9,2% Mobprk =% / 9:,8% Hblidirmi 90,;% / =;,?% Kscnviqubi 9% / 8,=% Kscnvklbi 1,;% / 9:%
Oulfräi 0,;% / ;,;% Brcilhi 1,;% / =9,2% Bicbi 8,1% / 01,?% Cknlbi 8,8% / 1,2% Cbuilbi 1,;% / 2,6% Cuxkd`urfn 0,1% / =6,9%
Pkbln [lbhn 2,8% / 89,1% Pkp÷`cbmi Mokmi 9,6% / 6,2% Pudilbi ?,=% / ?,2% ]ukmbi 9:,;% / =2,;% ]ubzi 9:,?% / ;?,;%
Kl Onlhuris kc ri`ign pnr onri yi ksi`i mnlkdpcihn kl ci Cky hkc sâptdn häi y hâmbdn krmkr dks kl mnlmkpn hk ifublichn (Hkmrkn 990 hk akmoi 0?/9:/?0) ic blstubrsk kl kc irmucn ;, quk kc pifn hkc sâptdn häi sk igusiré pnr cn dklns i cis sbfubklks rkfcis7 i) piri cns quk klfil mnlrin pnr ulbhih hk tkdpn, skdili, häi u onri, hk dilkri quk kri pnsb`ck mnlriir i ul ri`igihnr pnr dkhbn tkdpn, onri, km., pkrn ksn sä, pifilhn nhns cns hkrkmons ci`nricks y dkhbilk mnlrins blhklbhns mndn ks ci lnrdi fklkric hkc hkrkmon hkc ri`ign (irs. 902 Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi, 86 y =0? hkc Mýhbfn hkc Xri`ign y 0: hk ci Cky hkc ]icirbn Dälbdn. (Qkcisqukz Dilukc)
Kc ZPNFPIDI HK KDZCKN ZNP ONPI quk dkhbilk Hkmrkn 0=:-0:9: ksuvn vbfklk kl kc piäs, sk mnlvbrtý kl cky pkrdilklk mnl kc lnd`rk hk –CKR HK KDZCKN ZNP ONPI—, kc quk auk pu`cbmihn kl kc Hbirbn nmbic Ci Fimki kc =9 hk dirzn hk 0:98.
=0
0.=. Dirmn Mnlmkptuic. Kc di dirmn rmn mnlmkpui mnlmkpuicc pkr pkrdb dbkk nrf nrfil ilbzi bzirr y kxp kxprks rksir ir cn quk sk kl kltkl tklhk hk sn` sn`rk rk Ci Cky y Zrnfridi hk Kdpckn pnr Onris y mihi uln hk cns mnlmkpns hk ci blvkstfimbýl.
9) Kdpckn7 Ci pici`ri kdpckn sk rkkrk iln i ul ri`ign, mndn i uli nmupimbýl n ul 9)
nmbn. ]bl kd`irfn, kc usn dés kxklhbhn hk kdpckn ks kc quk blhbmi nhi iqukcci imtvbhih hnlhk uli pkrsnli ks mnlriihi piri kgkmuir uli skrbk hk irkis kspkmämis, pnr cn muic pkrmb`k uli rkdulkrimbýl kmnlýdbmi. Ci pici`ri kdpckn hkrbvi hkc vkr`n –kdpckir—, quk i su vkz prnvbklk hkc arilmâs kdpcnykr, y sbflbmi ‟immbýl y kakmn hk kdpckir‒. Hk iccä quk id`bâl pukhi rkakrbrsk ic usn quk sk oimk hk icfn, pnr kgkdpcn, –Kc kdpckn hk rkmursns rklnvi`cks kl ci mnlsrummbýl hk misis ikl÷i kc bdpimn id`bklic—. ( (]bflbmihns hk Kdpckn)). Kdpckn)). 0) Kdpckn 0) Kdpckn Anrdic / Blanrdic7 Kc Zrnfridi Dnhucir FZK (Zrnfridi Dnhucir hk Mipimbimbýl k Blanrdimbýl sn`rk Fâlkrn), skùici quk ci mcisbmimbýl hk kdpckn anrdic k blanrdic, mnrrkspnlhk i uli dilkri hk i`nrhir ci ksrumuri hkc kdpckn. Kc kdpckn anrdic rk÷lk ic skmnr skm nr p÷` p÷`cbmn cbmn y ic skm skmnr nr prb prbvi vihn hn dnh dnhkrl krln, n, fkl fklkri kricdk cdklk lk mu` mu`bkr bkrns ns pnr sbs sbskd kdis is hk prn pr nkm kmmbý mbýl. l. Kc kd kdpc pckn kn bl blan anrd rdic ic if ifru rupi pi i cn cnss r ri` i`ig igih ihnr nrks ks/i /iss bl blhk hkpk pklh lhbkl bklk kss ln prnaksbnli prnak sbnlicks, cks, i cns dbmrn dbmrnkdprk kdprksirbn sirbns/is s/is y ic skrvbm skrvbmbn bn hndâs hndâstmn. tmn. Xrih Xrihbmbnl bmbnlicdkl icdklk, k, cis imtv im tvbh bhih ihks ks bl blan anrd rdic icks ks sk oi oil l mi miri rim mkr krbz bzih ihn n pn pnrr ai aic cii hk pr prn nkm kmmbý mbýl l sn snmbi mbicc y dk dkln lnrr ksi`bcbhih quk ci prnpnrmbnlihi pnr cns kdpckns anrdicks, iulquk ci prncbakrimbýl hk cns kdpckns anrdicks –ipbmns— oi okmon dklns läthi ci hbvbsbýl klrk uln y nrn skmnr. Zrnfri Zrn fridi di Dnh Dnhuci ucirr hk Mip Mipimb imbim imbýl býl k Bla Blanrd nrdimb imbýl ýl sn` sn`rk rk Fâl Fâlkrn krn,, Zn` Zn`rkz rkzii y Kdp Kdpckn ckn.. ( (]bflbmihns hk Kdpckn) =) ]icirbn7 Irmucn 9.- I cns kakmns hkc prksklk Mnlvklbn, kc ârdbln sicirbn, sbflbmi ci rkdulkrimbýl n fililmbi, ski muic aukrk su hklndblimbýl n dânhn hk mécmucn, sbkdprk quk pukhi kvicuirsk kl kakmtvn, gihi pnr imukrhn n pnr ci ckfbscimbýl limbnlic y hk`bhi pnr ul kdpckihnr i ul ri`igihnr kl vbruh hk ul mnlrin hk ri`ign, ksmrbn n vkr`ic, pnr kc
==
ri`ign quk âsk ÷ctdn oiyi kakmuihn n hk`i kakmuir n pnr skrvbmbns quk oiyi prksihn n hk`i prksir. (Mnlvklbn Ln. 2; NBX, irtbmucn 9) . 8) ]icirbn 8) ]icirbn Dälbdn7 ]kf÷l kc irmucn =?9 hkc Mýhbfn hk Xri`ign, ]icirbn Dälbdn ks kc quk nhn ri`igihnr tklk hkrkmon i pkrmb`br piri su`vklbr i sus lkmksbhihks lnrdicks y i cis hk su aidbcbi, kl kc nrhkl dikrbic, dnric y mucuric. (irmucn =?9 hkc Mýhbfn hk Xri`ign) ;) Bfuichih ilk ci Cky7 Ks kc hkrkmon quk klkdns nhns cns skrks oudilns i skr riihns hk ci dbsdi dilkri, sbl hbsmrbdblimbýl icfuli y sbl hbstlmbnlks, yi quk mndn cn ksi`ckmk luksri lnrditvi onlhurkùi nhns limkdns kl bfuichih hk npnrulbhihks npnrulbhihks.. ;) Xri`ign ;) Xri`ign Hkmklk7 Kc ri`ign hkmklk sblktzi cis ispbrimbnlks hk cis pkrsnlis hurilk su vbhi ci`nric. ]bflbmi ci npnrulbhih hk immkhkr i ul kdpckn prnhumtvn quk fklkrk ul blfrksn gusn, ci skfurbhih kl kc cufir hk ri`ign y ci prnkmmbýl snmbic piri cis aidbcbis, dkgnrks pkrspkmtvis hk hksirrnccn pkrsnlic k blkfrimbýl snmbic, cb`krih piri quk cns blhbvbhuns kxprkskl sus npblbnlks, sk nrfilbmkl y pirtmbpkl kl cis hkmbsbnlks quk iakmil suss vbh su vbhis is,, y ci bf bfui uich chih ih hk np npnr nru ulb lbhi hihk hkss y r ri in n pi piri ri n nhn hns, s, du dugkr gkrks ks y on ond` d`rk rks. s. (Nrfilbzimbýl Blkrlimbnlic hkc Xri`ign NBX)). NBX)). 1) Mnlrin 1) Mnlrin hk Xri`ign7 Ci NBX, kl kc hnmudkln –Hbécnfn ]nmbic— blhbmi quk ul mnlrin hk ri`ign mnlsbsk kl ci prnkmmbýl quk narkmkl ci diynr pirk hk cis ckfbscimbnlks ci`nricks limbnlicks y cns blsrudklns hk ci NBX, sk kxtklhk kxmcusbvidklk i cis pkrsnlis quk ri`igil piri ul kdpckihnr bhkltmi`ck, mnl kc muic oil ksi`ckmbhn uli rkcimbýl hk ri`ign, hklndblélhnsk hklndblélhnsk pnr cn quk fklkri kc blsrudkln gurähbmn mnrrkspnlhbklk mnlrin hk ri`ign. Ksns mnlrins pukhkl skr kxpcämbns n bdpcämbns, ksi`ckmbhns pnr ksmrbn n sýcn vkr`icdklk. (Xriihn hk Qkrsiccks) 6) Hksrkfucimbýl7 c i hksrkfucimbýl mndn kc Zrnmksn 6) Hksrkfucimbýl7 Ci Fril Klmbmcnpkhbi hk Kmnlndäi hklk ci hk hks blkrvklmbýl piri cnfrir uli diynr kxb`bcbhih hkc sbskdi kmnlýdbmn y icmilzir uli diynr kmbklmbi kl su aulmbnlidbkln, y oimkr arklk mnl diynr kmimbi, i ci mrbsbs hkc Ksihn hk @bklksir. ]nl dkh dkhbhi bhiss hks hksrkf rkfuci ucihnr hnris is,, cis mnl mnlsbs sbskl klks ks kl prb prbvit vitzi zirr n rkp rkprbv rbvitz itzir ir kdp kdprks rksis is y skrvbmbns p÷`cbmns, cb`kricbzir kc aulmbnlidbkln hk cns dkrmihns y hkc sbskdi lilmbkrn,
=8
suprbd supr bdbr br n rk rkhu humbr mbr ic dä dälb lbdn dn ci ciss rk rks srb rbmm mmbn bnlk lkss ck ckfi fick ckss kl di dik krb rbii hk r ril ilsp spnr nrk ks, s, kckmndulbmimbnlks y mnlriimbýl ci`nric, klrk nris. Kl su anrducimbýl kxrkdi, ci hksrkfucimbýl supnlk ci vukci i ci kmnlndäi hk dkrmihn puri y huri, ic mipbicbsdn cb`kric dilmokskrbiln. (Ci Fril Klmbmcnpkhbi hk Kmnlndbi). Kmnlndbi) . ?) Ackxb`bcbhih Ci`nric7 ]kf÷l kc @nckl hk Hkrkmon Ci`nric, ci kxb`bcbzimbýl ci`nric ks ul ?) Ackxb`bcbhih mnlmkpn dnhkrln quk tklhk i kcbdblir ci mnlmkpmbýl rihbmbnlic hkc ri`ign, surfbhi mnl kc Xiycnrbsdn y kc anrhbsdn, pnr uli anrdi hk ri`ign quk `usquk ci micbhih y ci kxmkcklmbi kxmkc klmbi mnl kc dklnr mnsn pnsb`ck, utcbzilhn cns ihkcilns kmlncýfbmns, y ihipilhn ci ckfbscimbýl piri kvbir quk kc kxmksn hk prnkmmbýl ic ri`igihnr iakmk ci prnhumtvbhih, y ci rkisbflimbýl hk aulmbnlks, kl mnlripnsbmbýl i ci prnhummbýl kl skrbk. @usmi ci mndpkttvbhih, y sk `isi kl ci cky hk nakri y hkdilhi. Ksn prnhumk uli hksprnkmmbýl hk cns ri`igihnrks y uli rkhummbýl hkc pnhkr sblhbmic, quk kmoi pnr tkrri cis cirfis mnlqubsis cnfrihis i pirtr hkc sbfcn _B_. ( (Kmnlndäi, Mipbicbsdn Cb`kric)) Cb`kric)) 2) Mnlstumbýl 2) Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi7 Ks luksri miri Difhi ci muic firiltzi i cns onlhurkùns y kxrilgkrns cns hkrkmons y firilis mnlstumbnlicks mnlklbhis kl kcci. 9:) Mnlvklbns hk ci NBX7 ]nl riihns blkrlimbnlicks blkrlimbnlicks hk ri`ign quk bdpnlkl y n`cbfil i cns Ksihns quk cn ritmil, i mudpcbr cn pimihn kl kccn, ksn mnl kc ÷lbmn l hk dkgnrir ci mnlhbmbýl ci`nric hk mcisk mc isk ri`igihnri.
=;
0.8 Dirmn Mnltkxtuic Ci miusi prblmbpic hk ci prksklk blvkst blvkstfimbý fimbýl l ks i kvicuir Ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn Kdp ckn pnr Onris, Onris, hks hkshk hk ul kla klanqu nqukk hk dkg dkgnri nri kl cns sbskdi sbskdiss hk mnl mnlri rii imbýl mbýl,, ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric y fklkrimbýl hk lukvns kdpckns, ksuhbilhn sb ci dbsdi ks vbncinrbi hk hkrkmons ci`nricks y kc bdpimn hkc Zrnfridi mndn aimnr hk ksi`bcbhih ci`nric piri cns ri`igih ri` igihnrks nrks mndn ci prblm prblmbpic bpic prn` prn`ckdét ckdétmi mi,, kl vbr vbru uh h hk quk quk ks ksk k ks ul pr prn` n`ck ckdi di prkn prknmu mupi pil lkk y ic icir irdi dil lkk quk quk sk hi i lb lbvk vkcc limb limbnl nlic ic,, hnlh hnlhkk i ks ksn nss ri` ri`ig igih ihnr nrks ks mnlkdpcihns kl kc irmucn 90 pérrian ; hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri vbfklk, sk cks kxmcuyk hk hkc hkrkmon i skr mnlriihns mndn kdpckihns pkrdilklks pnskrbnr i mudpcbr kc tkdpn hk iltfókhih quk ksi`ckmk ksi cky. Kc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric kl Onlhuris ksé rkfucihn kl ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi, ln sk pukhk kxrikr hk nhi uli rkicbhih y sn`rk nhn hk iqukccns skmnrks hk ci pn`cim pn` cimbýl býl quk ln hbs hbsaru arui il l hk ul pu puks ksn n hk ri ri`ig `ign n pkrdil pkrdilkl klkk pnr pnrquk quk snl frupn frupnss kxmcubhns hk nhi immbýl fu`krlidklic yi quk ln ksél mndn pn`cimbýl n`gktvn hk cns prnfridis y prnykmn snmbicks. Kc Ksihn hk`k firiltzir kc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric piri nhns sus mbuhihilns, sbl kxmcusbýl hk skmnrks, yi quk kc hkrkmon ic ri`ign ksi`ckmk ks ul hkrkmon oudiln. ]k hk`k `usmir uli ickrlitvi quk blmcuyi i ksns skmnrks i fnzir hkc hkrkmon i ul puksn hk ri`ign ksi`ck y ln quk cns kxmcuyi, yi quk mndn cn dilbksi luksri mnlstumbýl hk ci rkp÷`c rkp ÷`cbmi bmi nh nhns ns li limkd mkdns ns kl bfu bfuich ichih ih hk mnl mnlhbm hbmbnl bnlks, ks, sbl hbs hbsmrb mrbdbl dblimb imbýl ýl icf icfuli uli y sbl hbstlmbýl hk mcisks snmbicks. (]buimbnl hkc Kdpckn kl Onlhuris, Hbmbkd`rk 0:9?). Cis prnykmmbnlks hk ci NBX rkmnfbhis kl Zkrspkmtvis ]nmbicks y hkc Kdpckn kl kc Dulhn7 skf÷l klhklmbis ic 0:09 blhbmil quk kc hâmb hk puksns hk ri`ign hkrbvihn hk ci mrbsbs dulhbic cckfiré i cns 6; dbccnlks kl 0:09 piri cukfn rkhumbrsk i 0= dbccnlks kl 0:00. Kc mnrrkspnlhbklk hâmb kl onris hk ri`ign, quk i`irmi kc hâmb hk puksns hk ri`ign y ci rkhummbýl hk onris, kqubvick i 9:: dbccnlks hk kdpckns i tkdpn mndpckn kl 0:09 y i 01 dbccnlks hk kdpckns i tkdpn mndpckn kl 0:00. Ksi blsumbklmbi hk puksns y onris hk
=1
ri`ign vbklk i iùihbrsk i cns pkrsbsklks lbvkcks hk hksnmupimbýl, su`utcbzimbýl hk ci diln hk n`ri y mnlhbmbnlks hk ri`ign hkmbklks ilkrbnrks i ci mrbsbs silbirbi hkc Mnvbh92. (Zéfbli hk ci Nrfilbzimbýl Blkrlimbnlic hkc Xri`ign (NBX). Ci isi hk hkskdpckn kl luksrn piäs ks ilfustilk yi quk mihi vkz, oiy dés hkskdpckn y surfkl dés ri`igihnrks quk sk qukhil sbl uli prnkmmbýl, ci muic cks pkrdbi klkr ul ionrrn piri pnhkr vbvbr hbflidklk kc tkdpn quk ksâl sbl kdpckn, sudihn i ksn quk, kl luks luksr rn n piäs piäs,, kxbs kxbskk du dumo moii cbd cbdb bil ilk k kl ci kh khih ih,, fklk fklkri rilh lhn n hk mbkr mbkrn n dn dnhn hn uli uli hbsmrbdblimbýl. Kc 29 29% %h hkk ci pn`cimbýl imtvi kmnlýdbmidklk tklk prn`ckdis piri mnlskfubr kdpckn kl kc piäs, pnr cn iln, urfk quk kc fn`bkrln imtvk prnfridis piri ci blvkrsbýl hk kmnlndäis kxrilgkris kl kc piäs, quk cidkli`ckdklk pnr ci mrbsbs hk ci pilhkdbi mkrrirnl npkrimbnlks hkgilhn dbcks hk Onlhurkùns kl hkskdpckn, prnvnmilhn quk ci kmnlnd kmn lndäi äi hkc pi piäs äs `i `igk gk i lbv lbvkck kckss prk prknmu nmupil pilks ks.. (]b (]bui uimbn mbnl l hkc Kdp Kdpckn ckn kl Onl Onlhur huris, is, Hbmbkd`rk 0:9?).
=6
Mipbtucn BBB Dirmn Ckfic. =.9. Hkrkmon Mndpirihn. Mnl kc prnpýsbn hk ksi`ckmkr ul ilécbsbs mndpiritvn klrk ci ckfbscimbýl onlhurkùi mnl cis ckfbscimbnlks hk cis Pkp÷`cbmis hk Kspiùi y Zkr÷, kspkmämidklk kl ci mnlriimbýl hkc kdi `ign ci dnhicbhih hkc kdpckn pnr onri, sk oiré ci prksklk blvkstfimbýl mnl kc l hk kvicuir sb kl ksi sk ksi`ckmbý mnlhbmbnlks m nlhbmbnlks sbdbcirks n sb sk klmuklril vimäns . =.9.9 Lnrdivi Ci`nric hk ci Pkpu`cbmi hk Kspiùi Ci lnrditvi ci`nric kspiùnci ksi`ckmk quk ci gnrlihi ci`nric pukhk klkr ul déxbdn hk 8: onris skdilicks, rkpirthis kl ul déxbdn hk ? onris hbirbis. Ln n`silk, oiy dumons tpns hk gnrlihi ci`nric hkpklhbklhn hkc l÷dkrn hk onris hkc mnlrin hk ri`ign. Klrk ksns tpns sk klmuklri kc mnlrin hk ri`ign pnr onris y kc mnlrin hk ri`ign pnr häis. =.9.0 ¾Kl quâ mnlsbstk kc Mnltritn hk Xri`ign pnr Onris kl Kspiùi> Kc mnlrin hk ri`ign pnr onris ks ul tpn hk mnlrin ci`nric kl vbruh hkc muic uli pkrsnli ri`igi kl häis kspkmämns hurilk hkkrdblihis onris quk oil sbhn pimihis prkvbidklk. Kl muicqubkr misn, kc l÷dkrn hk onris ri`igihis hk`kré skr blakrbnr i 8: onris skdilicks, yi quk, hk cn mnlrirbn, ksiräidns ilk ul mnlrin i gnrlihi mndpcki.
=.9.= ¾Yuâ rkqubsbtns oi hk mudpcbr ul Mnltritn hk Xri`ign pnr Onris kl
Kspiùi> Muicqubkr mnlrin ci`nric, y id`bâl kc mnlrin hk ri`ign pnr onris, oi hk mudpcbr mnl uli skrbk hk rkqubsbns piri quk ski vécbhn. ]nl cns sbfubklks7 sbfubklks7
Oi hk ksir anrdicbzihn pnr ksmrbn.
Kl kc mnlrin pnr onris hk`kl qukhir rkkgihis kc l÷dkrn hk onris ri`igihis y ci hbsrb`umbýl hk ksis onris i cn cirfn hk ci c i skdili.
Cis onris gihis y pimihis kl kc mnlrin hk ri`ign pnr onris pnhrél idpcbirsk sb ciss mb ci mbrm rmul uls sil ilmb mbis is is isää cn kx kxbf bfbk bkri ril. l. Ln n` n`s sil ilk k,, ln pn pnhr hrél él oi oimk mkrs rskk on onri riss
=?
kxrin rinrhb rhbli lirbi rbis, s, yi quk ks ksis is ks ksél él kxm kxmcus cusbvi bvidkl dklk k rks rkskrv krvihi ihiss i cns mnl mnlri rins ns i kx gnrlihi mndpcki. mndpcki.
Kc mnlrin hk ri`ign pnr onris hk`kré prksklirsk kl kc ]KZK kl ul pcizn hk 9: häis sbfubklks i ci anrdicbzimbýl hkc dbsdn.
Kc mn mnl lri rin n pn pnrr on onri riss pnhr pnhréé sk skrr i il ln n k kdp dpnr nric ic mn mndn dn bl blhk hkl lbh bhn. n. Zi Ziri ri pn pnhk hkrr anrdic anr dicbzi bzirr ul mnl mnlri rin n kd kdpnr pnric ic pnr onr onris, is, sk hk` hk`kré kré ks ksir ir il ilk k icf icfuli uli hk cis mbrmulsilmbis ksi`ckmbhis kl kc Ksiun hk cns Xri`igihnrks gustmitvis hk ci kdpnricbhih hkc mnlrin. Isä, skré lkmksirbn quk kc mnlrin pnr onris ski pnr n`ri n skr skrvbm vbmbn bn hk hkkrd krdbli blihn, hn, kl klfi fi mir mirém émkr kr kvk kvklu luic ic pnr ul kxmk kxmksn sn hk i irki rkiss hk ci kdprksi n sk rik hk ul mnlrin kdpnric hk blkrblbhih muyn n`gktvn ks sustubr i ul ri`igihnr hk `igi n iusklk n piri mu`rbr ul puksn vimilk.
Muilhn Muil hn cis kdpr kdprksis ksis mndbkl mndbklzil zil i imud imuducir ucir hnmu hnmudkl dklns ns mnrpn mnrpnritvn ritvnss ks aulh aulhidkl idklic ic mnlir mnl ul sbskdi hk fkstýl hnmudklic quk iunditmk kc icdimklidbkln y rkvbsbýl hk mihi irmobvn (kspkmbicdklk sb oi`cidns hk mnlrins). Isä, sb répbhidklk oiy quk mnlsucir ul hin, si`kr muélhn licbzi ul imukrhn n sb ul ri`igihnr lns sncbmbi uli rkvbsbýl sicirbic si`rkdns immkhkr i cns hins hk anrdi bldkhbii y skfuri.
=.9.8 Cis Mnlhbmbnlks hkc Mnltritn pnr Onris kl Kspiùi. I ci onri hk anrdicbzir ul mnlrin hk ri`ign pnr onris ks lkmksirbn klkr kl mukli quâ mnlhbmbnlks sk bdpnlkl iln i cns ri`igihnrks mndn i ci kdprksi. Ks kspkmbicdklk bdpnrilk piri kc kdprksirbn quk hkskk mnlriir i ul ri`igihnr pnr onri on ris, s, qu qubk bkl l oi hk mu mudp dpcbr cbr ks ksmru mrupu pucn cnsi sidk dkl lkk mn mnl l ci ciss mn mnlh lhbm bmbn bnlk lkss y ln lnrd rdis is qu qukk ci ckfbscimbýl ci`nric vbfklk bdpnlk i ksk tpn hk mnlrins. Kl muicqubkr misn, ul ri`igihnr pnr onris tklk cns dbsdns hkrkmons quk cns kdpckihns quk ri`igil i gnrlihi mndpcki, sb `bkl ks mbkrn quk oiy mbkris m bkris mnlhbmbnlks quk hbkrkl.
=.9.; Cis Qimimbnlks hkc Xri`igihnr kl Kspiùi. Hk imukrhn mnl cn ksi`ckmbhn kl kc Ksiun hk cns Xri`igihnrks, i ci onri hk mndpuir cns häis cb`rks sk klhrél kl mukli cns häis quk sk ou`bkril ri`igihn, kl lblf÷l misn cis onris.
=2
Hk ksi anrdi, kc l÷dkrn hk häis hk vimimbnlks i cns quk kc ri`igihnr pnr onris klhré hkrkmon ln ks prnpnrmbnlic i cis onris quk ou`bkri ri`igihn, sbln i cns häis ri`igihns kl nic. (Kx) (Kx)..
=.9.1. Lnrdivi Ci`nric hk Xri`ign i Xbkdpn Zirmbic kl Zkr÷ Ci cky hk Zrn Zrnhum humtvb tvbhih hih y mnd mndpkt pkttvb tvbhi hih h Ci` Ci`nri nricc skù skùici ici ci pns pnsb`b b`bcbh cbhih ih hk mnl mnlri riir ir i ri`igihnrks `ign ul râfbdkl hk tkdpn pirmbic. Ksi lnrdi pkrdbk quk ul kdpckihnr pukhi mnlriir –sbl cbdbimbýl— icfuli i ri`igihnrks `ign ksi dnhicbhih kspkmbic, pkrn ln hklbý kximidklk mndn sk rkfuci`i ksk tpn hk mnlrin ci`nric. Kc Pkfcidkln hk ci Cky hk Andkln hkc Kdpckn skùici quk cns ri`igihnrks i tkdpn pirmbic tklkl `klkmbn i cns –`klkmbns ci`nricks— sbkdprk quk piri su pkrmkpmbýl ln sk cks kxbgi kc mudpcbdbkln hk 8 onris hbirbis hk ci`nr. Mndn sk pukhk iprkmbir, ci lnrditvi kxbsklk kri icfn vifi imkrmi hkc kdi, pnr cn quk kl kc 0:9? kc DXZK kdbtý ul blanrdk (Blanrdk Lº 9=1-0:9?) dkhbilk kc muic imciri`il cis huhis imkrmi hkc mnlrin hk ri`ign i tkdpn pirmbic, kc muic ilicbzirkdns i mnltluimbýl.
=.9.6 Onrirbns Kc Blanrdk imcirý quk ci gnrlihi ci`nric hk ul ri`igihnr i tkdpn pirmbic ln pukhk skr diynr i 8 onris hbirbis. Ksk tkdpn sk micmuci hbvbhbklhn kc tkdpn nic hkc ri`igihnr kl ci skdili klrk ; n 1 häis, hkpklhbklhn hk ci gnrlihi quk sk dilkgi kl kc mklrn hk ri`ign. Ks hkmbr, sb kl uli kdprksi sncn sk ci`nri hk culks i vbkrlks, sk hbvbhk kc nic hk onris ri`igihis klrk ;. Cn mnlrirbn sk ipcbmiräi piri kdprksis mnl gnrlihis hk culks i sé`ihn. Znr cn iln, sb ul ri`igihnr ci`nri pnr 90 onris ul häi y pnr ? onris nrn häi y hksmilsi kc rksn hk ci skdili, sncn oi`ré ci`nrihn 0: onris skdilicks. Klnlmks, sb sk hbvbhbksk klrk l÷dkrn klrk ; n 1, kc ri`igihnr iul skräi mnlsbhkrihn ul ri`igihnr i tkdpn pirmbic, yi quk su prndkhbn hk onris hbirbis ln supkri cis 8 onris. Misn sbdbcir sk hiré sb sk ri`igi ; onris cns häis culks, dbârmncks y vbkrlks kl uli kdprksi hnlhkk sk ri`igil hnlh ri`igil ; häis i ci skdi skdili. li. Ri quk sncn sk oil ci`nrihn ci`nrihn 9; onri onriss skdilicks, skdilicks, ic
8:
hbvbhbr ksk l÷dkrn klrk cns ; häis ipcbmi`cks, klkdns ul l÷dkrn dklnr i 8 onris hbirbis, pnr cn quk kc mnlrin hk pir-tdk sk ksiräi rkspkilhn. Klnlmks, sb ul ri`igihnr ci`nri oisi ul déxbdn hk 0: onris skdilicks kl uli kdprksi mnl gnrlihis hk culks i vbkrlks sk cn mnlsbhkri ul ri`igihnr pir-tdk. Isbdbsdn, sb ci`nri 08 on onri riss sk skdi dili licks cks kl ul ulii kd kdpr prks ksii mn mnl l gn gnrl rlih ihii hk cu culk lkss i sé sé`i `ihn hn,, i id` d`bâl bâl sk ck mnlsbhkriré ul ri`igihnr i tkdpn pirmbic.
=.9.? ]icirbn Imkrmi hkc sukchn hk cns ri`igihnrks, ci Pksncumbýl Dblbskrbic :29-20-XP skùici quk –kc skrvbhnr quk ci`nrk dklns hk muirn (8) onris hbirbis, pkrmb`bré kc kqubvicklk hk ci pirk prnpnrmbnlic hk ci Pkdulkrimbýl Dälbdi Qbic ksi`ckmbhi ndélhnsk mndn `isk piri ksk mécmuc méc mucn n kc mnr mnrrks rkspnl pnlhbk hbkl lkk i ci gnr gnrlih lihii nrh nrhbli blirbi rbi hkc mkl mklrn rn hk ri ri`i `ign gn hnl hnlhk hk prk prksi si skrvbmbns—. Ksn sbflbmi quk ci rkdulkrimbýl hk ul ri`igihnr i tkdpn pirmbic ks prnpnrmbnlic ic tkdpn quk ci`nri mnl rkcimbýl i ci gnrlihi hk ri`ign rkfucir hk ci kdprksi. ]b ci gnrlihi rkfucir ks hk ? onris, y kc ri`igihnr i tkdpn pirmbic sncn ri`igi 0 onris hbirbis, sncn rkmb`bräi ³ hk ci PDQ (yi quk 0 onris ks ul muirn hk ? onris).
=.9.2 Ntrns @klkambns Cns ri`igihnrks i tkdpn pirmbic fnzil hk dumons nrns `klkmbns hk cky. Ksns blmcuykl ci isbflimbýl aidbcbir, kl misn klfil uli aidbcbi quk dilklkr, kc hkrkmon i akrbihns, kc hksmilsn skdilic, ci fritmimbýl pnr ksis pirbis y livbhih, ci pirtmbpimbýl kl cis utcbhihks hk ci kdprksi, ic skfurn snmbic, ic sbskdi pklsbnlirbn y i vimimbnlks. ]bl kd`irfn, ln tklkl hkrkmon i uli blhkdlbzimbýl pnr hkspbhn ir`brirbn, yi quk ln sk cks mnlsbhkri ri`igihnrks ksi`cks y ln tklkl hkrkmon i ci mndpklsimbýl pnr tkdpn hk skrvbmbns (MX]). Pkmnrhidns, ihkdés, quk cns ri`igihnrks i tkdpn pirmbic ln tklkl hkrkmon i pifns hk onris kxri yi quk, sb ri`igiril dés hk 8 onris hbirbis i ci skdili, sk hksliuricbziräi su
89
mnlri n i tkd tkdpn pn pir pirmbi mbicc y sk kl klhrä hräil il qu qukk blm blmcub cubrr kl ci pci pcilbc lbcci ci mnd mndn n ri ri`i `igih gihnrk nrkss mnlrin rkfucirks.
=.9.9: Znrmkltigk hk Xri`igihnrks Hk imukrhn mnl kc i`nfihn ci`nricbsi, Gnrfk Cubs Imkvkhn Dkrmihn, kc blanrdk 29-20-XP oi skùicihn quk ln kxbsk cbdbimbýl pnrmkluic piri mnlriir pkrsnlic i tkdpn pirmbic lb cbdbimbýl rkspkmn i ci pnsb`bcbhih quk tklkl kc ri`igihnr y kc kdpckihnr piri mnlvklbr ci hurimbýl hk uli gnrlihi i tkdpn pirmbic, pnr cn quk cns ri`igihnrks i tkdpn pirmbic pnhräil ccklir kc nic hk ci pcilbcci, kl misns kxrkdns. (Kmnlndäi, Kdpckn.)
80
=. =.0 0 Ln Lnrd rdi ivi vi Li Limb mbnl nlic ic.. =.0.9 Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi hk Onlhuris y sus Pknrdis hk 92?0 . Mnlanrdk ic irmucn Ln. 9 hk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi, Onlhuris ks ul Ksihn hk hkrkmon, sn`kriln, mnlstubhn mndn Pkp÷`cbmi cb`rk, hkdnmrétmi k blhkpklhbklk piri iskf is kfur urir ir i su suss oi oi`b `bi il lks ks kc fn fnmk mk hk ci gu gust stmbi mbi,, ci cb` cb`kr kri ih, h, ci mu muc cur urii y kc `b `bkl klks ksi irr kmnlýdbmn y snmbic. Mnlanr Mnl anrdk dk ic irmucn Ln. 906 hk 906 hk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi, Onlhuris , nhi pkrsnli pkrsnli tklk tk lk hk hkrk rkmo mon n ic r ri` i`ig ign, n, i ks ksmn mnfk fkrr cb` cb`rk rkdk dkl lkk su nm nmup upim imbý býl l y i rk rklu lulm lmbi birr i kc kcci ci,, i mnlhbmbnlks kqubitvis y sitsaimnrbis hk ri`ign y i ci prnkmmbýl mnlri kc hkskdpckn. Mnlanrdk i cn ilicbzihn kl kc irmucn 90? hk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi hk Onlhuris, Cis ckyks quk rbfkl cis rkcimbnlks klrk pirnlns y ri`igihnrks snl hk nrhkl p÷`cbmn, i lblf÷l ri`igihnr sk pnhré kxbfbr kc hkskdpkùn hk ci`nrks quk sk kxtklhil i dés hk (90) hnmk onris kl mihi pkränhn hk vkbltmuirn (08) onris sumksbvis, sicvn cns misns micbmihns pnr kc Cky. Mnlanrdk i cn ilicbzihn kl kc irmucn 902 hk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi hk Onlhuris, Ci Cky firiltzi ci ksi`bcbhih hk cns ri`igihnrks kl sus kdpckns, hk imukrhn mnl cis mirimkrästmis hk cis blhusrbis y prnaksbnlks y cis gusis miusis hk skpirimbýl, Ci Cky ksi`ckmkré cis lnrdis mnrrkspnlhbklks i hbmoi gurbshbmmbýl y i cns nrfilbsdns quk oiyil hk pnlkrcis kl prémtmi. Znr cn iln, cns pirnlns hk`kl ndir kl mnlsbhkrimbýl quk, kl rkcimbýl i Ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onris ci dbsdi auk prnducfihn sn`rk ci `isk hk cis firilis quk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi, blstuyk mnl rkcimbýl ic kdpckn7 klrk kccis sk pukhkl dklmbnlir cis sbfubklks7
Xnhi pkrsnli tklk hkrkmon ic ri`ign. Xnhi Zkrsnli tklk hkrkmon i ksmnfkr cb`rkdklk su nmupimbýl y i rklulmbir i kcci. Xnhi pkrsnli tklk hkrkmon i mnlhbmbnlks kqubitvis y sitsaimnrbis hk ri`ign5 y
8=
Xnhi pkrsnli tklk hkrkmon i ci prnkmmbýl mnlri kc hkskdpckn.
(Hkmrkn ludkrn ln 9=9, 99 hk klkrn 92?0)
=.0.0. Mýhbfn hk Xri`ign y sus Pknrdis hk 92;2. Mnlhbmbnlks fklkricks hk ri`ign (hklbmbýl) Ir. ;1. Znr mnlhbmbnlks fklkricks hk ri`ign sk klklhkré nhn cn rkcitvn i gnrlihis hk ci`nr, hksmilsn skdilic, vimimbnlks iluicks, sicirbns, râfbdkl hbsmbpcblirbn, skfurbhih k obfbklk, mnlhbmbnlks fklkricks hk kdpckn, isä mndn nhn cn mnlmkrlbklk, i hk`krks, hkrkmons n prksimbnlks hk mihi pirk. ]k klklhkré, kl fklkric, quk kc mnlrin mnckmtvn pukhk rkmikr sn`rk muicqubkr dikrbi mnl ic quk su n`gkn ski cämbn. Ln ks lkmksirbn piri ci vicbhkz hkc mnlrin mnckmtvn quk âsk rkmibfi sn`rk nhis cis mnlhbmbnlks hk ri`ign. Kc mnlrin mnckmtvn pnhré klkr pnr n`gkn, kl pirk n ÷lbmidklk, ci rkfcidklimbýl hkc iprklhbzigk y kc ri`ign hk dugkrks y dklnrks. (I[XNPK]7 Hkmrkn Ln. 9?2 hk 92;2)
=.0.=. Cky hk Blspkmmbýl hk Xri`ign. Ci prblmbpic aulmbýl hk ci Hbrkmmbýl Fklkric hk Blspkmmbýl hk Xri`ign ks rkfucir kc ]bskdi Blkfrihn hk Blspkmmbýl hk Xri`ign y hk ]kfurbhih ]nmbic5 prndnvkr, vbfbcir y firiltzir quk pirnlns y ri`igihnrks mudpcil y rkspkkl nhis cis hbspnsbmbnlks ckficks rkcitvis ic ri`ign, prkvbsbýl snmbic, lnrdis ci`nricks, skfurbhih y sicuh kl kc ri`ign y cis rkcitvis i ci skfurbhih snmbic5 y hkhumbr cis rkspnlsi`bcbhihks mnrrkspnlhbklks kl misn hk blarimmbýl, blmudpcbdbkln n vbncimbýl hk cns hkrkmons y firilis mnlstumbnlicks, mnlvklmbnlicks y lnrdis rkcimbnlihis mnl cis prkmbihis dikrbis kl cns mklrns hk ri`ign (Ir. 9-; hk ci Cky hk Blspkmmbýl hk Xri`ign). Ispkmns prémtmns hk ci Hbrkmmbýl Fklkric hk Blspkmmbýl hkc Xri`ign (HFBX).
=.0.8 Aimuctihks hk cns Blspkmtnrks hk Xri`ign. 9. Pk Pkvb vbsi sirr cb`r cb`rns ns hk mn mnl li` i`bcbcbh bhih ih,, hk si sici cirb rbns ns,, pci cilb lbccccis is,, mnls mnlsi ilm lmbi biss hk pi pifn fn y muicks mui cksqub qubkri kri nr nrns ns hnm hnmudk udkln lnss quk km kmizd izdkl klkk cns iyu iyuhkl hkl i hks hkskdp kdpkùi kùirr su mndkthn.
88
0. Kxid Kxidbl blir ir cis cis mn mnlh lhbm bmbn bnlk lkss ob obfb fbâl âlbm bmis is hk cns cns cufi cufirk rkss hk ri` ri`ig ign n y cis cis hk sk skfu furb rbhi hih h pkrsnlic quk âsns narkzmil i cns ri`igihnrks y duy pirtmucirdklk, hk`kl vkcir pnr quk sk imikl nhis cis hbspnsbmbnlks kl vbfnr sn`rk prkvklmbýl hk immbhklks hk ri`ign y klakrdkhihks prnaksbnlicks. =. Cn Cnss Blsp Blspkm kmn nrk rkss hk hk`k `kl l mu mubh bhir ir ks kspk pkmb mbic icdk dkl lkk qu qukk sk rk rksp spk kkl kl n nhn hnss iq iquk ukccccns ns prkmkp prkmkpns ns muy muyn n mud mudpcb pcbdbk dbkl ln n fi firil riltmk tmk cis `u `ukli kliss rkc rkcimb imbnlk nlkss kl klrk rk pi pirn rnlns lns y n`rkrns. 8. Qbfbci Qbfbcirr quk sk mudpci ci prn prnob`bm ob`bmbýl býl sn`r sn`rkk ri`i ri`ign gn lnmu lnmurln rln piri dkl dklnrks, nrks, pn pnlbklh lbklhn n kl mn mnln lnmbd mbdbk bkl ln n hk qubkl qubkl mn mnrr rrks kspn pnlh lhi, i, cis cis ai aic cis is quk quk il iln nkl kl piri piri quk quk sk skil il silmbnlihns. ;. Cis hkdés quk ksi`ckzmil nris hbspnsbmbnlks ckficks ipcbmi`cks (Ir. 9= hk ci Cky hk Blspkmmbýl hk Xri`ign).
=.0.; N`cbfimbnlks hk cns Blspkmtnrks hk Xri`ign. 9. Imu muir
mnl mnl
ckficbh cbhih,
onlrihkz kz,,
ckicih,
bdpirmbi biccbh bhiih,
kmbklmbi
y
mnlhklmbicbhih. 0. Qbfbci Qbfbcirr y prndnvkr prndnvkr,, kl kc éd`bn hk su suss rkspkmt rkspkmtvis vis gur gurbshbmmb bshbmmbnlks, nlks, kc mud mudpcbd pcbdbkln bkln hk ci ckfbscimbýl ci`nric. =. Mudp Mudpcbr cbr pulu puluicdkl icdklk k cis blsr blsrummbnl ummbnlks ks quk rkmb`i rkmb`il l hk sus supkrbn supkrbnrks rks gkrér gkrérqubmn qubmnss kl rkcimbýl mnl kc kgkrmbmbn hk sus aulmbnlks, isä mndn ipkfir su imuimbýl i cis hbspnsbmbnlks hbspnsbmbnl ks lnrd lnrditvi itvis, s, cblki cblkidbkln dbklns, s, prn prnnmncn nmncns, s, mrbk mrbkrbns rbns n icmil icmilmks mks hk cns Zrnfridis hk Blspkmmbýl. 8. Ckvil Ckvilir ir cis im imis is kl cis quk sk isbk isbklk lk kc rksuc rksucihn ihn hk cis Bl Blspkmmb spkmmbnlks nlks kakm kakmuih uihis is n iquâccis kl cis quk sk oifil mnlsir cns okmons quk cis bdpbhbkrnl, muilhn ci miusi ski ci lkfitvi hkc pirnln n hk su rkprksklilk, isä mndn rklhbr cns blanrdks kl cns quk sk oifil mnlsir cis mbrmulsilmbis quk bdpbhbkrnl ci prémtmi hk uli uli Bl Blsp spkm kmmb mbýl ýl pn pnrr mi mius usis is igkl igklis is i ci vncu vncul lih ih hk hkcc pi pir rnl nln n n hk su rkprksklilk u nris miusis. Kl cis imis hk`krél mnlsir cns rkqubsbns quk skùici ksi Cky.
8;
;. Pkic Pkicbz bzir ir cis cis hb hbcbf cbfkl klmb mbis is hk lnt lntmi mimbý mbýl l y kd kdpc pciz izid idbkl bkln nss rk rkci cimbn mbnli lihn hnss mnl mnl ci prémtmi hk Blspkmmbnlks. 1. Qk Qkrb rbm mir ir ci kxbs kxbsk klm lmbi bi y su su`s `sbs bsk klm lmbi bi hk ou oukc kcfi fi n kl su hk hkak akm mn n su susp spkl klsb sbýl ýl blkdpkstvi ci`nric kl cns Mklrns hk Xri`ign. 6. Qbfb Qbfbci cirr quk quk cis cis if ifkl klmbi mbiss pr prbvi bvihi hiss hk kd kdpc pckn kn mukl muklk kl l mnl mnl ci iu iun nrbz rbzim imbý býl l y kc rk rkfb fbs srn rn mn mnrr rrks kspn pnlh lhbk bkl lk, k, n nnr nrfi fihn hnss kl cn cnss ârd ârdbl blns ns qu qukk kd kdil ilil il hk hkcc nrhklidbkln gurähbmn vbfklk. ?. Nrhk Nrhkli lirr ci ih ihnp npmbý mbýl l hk dkhb dkhbhi hiss hk ]kfu ]kfurbh rbhih ih y ]icu ]icuh h kl kc Xr Xri` i`ig ign n muil muilhn hn hkrbvihn hk cis vbsbis mnrrkspnlhbklks i cns Mklrns hk Xri`ign y prkvbi npblbýl hk cns pkrbns micbmihns kl ci dikrbi, bhkltquk imns n mnlhbmbnlks Blskfuris. 2. Ksi`ckmkr, prkvbi mnlsuci y iunrbzimbýl i ci Hbrkmmbýl Fklkric hk Blspkmmbýl hk Xri`ign (HFBX), cis dkhbhis hk rksrbmmbýl hk immksn kl érkis hk rbksfn n cbdbir ci npkrimbýl hk imtvbhihks, muilhn kccn bdpcbquk ul pkcbfrn n rbksfn bldblklk, hk mn mnla lanr nrdbh dbhih ih i cn ks ksi i`c `ckm kmbh bhn n kl kc Mipä Mipäu ucn cn BQ hk Dk Dkhb hbhi hiss Zr Zrkv kvkl kltv tvis is y Mnrrkmtvis hk ]kfurbhih nmupimbnlic hk ksi Cky (Ir. 90 hk ci Cky hk Blspkmmbýl hk Xri`ign). (96?-0:91, hkvrkn Ln.)
=.0.1 Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri. Hkshk ci klrihi kl vbfklmbi hk Ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri kl Onlhuris uvn mndn l kc andklir kc kdpckn hbfln, dilklkr cns puksns hk ri`ign y kvbir quk mrkzmil cns älhbmks hk hkskdpckn y su`-kdpckn kl kc piäs, i`rbklhn npnrulbhihks hk ri`ign i ci pn`cimbýl hurilk kc mbmcn hk mrbsbs quk iakmi imuicdklk cis kmnlndäis hk ci diynräi hk cns piäsks hkc dulhn. Kc Zrnfridi ks hk ipcbmimbýl limbnlic, iln kl kc érki ur`ili mndn ruric, piri nhis cis pkrsnlis liuricks n gurähbmis kdpckihnris, prnpbkirbis hk ulbhihks prnhumtvis n hk skrvbmbns, isä mndn piri cns prnfridis kspkmbicks quk hksirrncck kc skmnr p÷`cbmn y quk rkqubkril mnlriimbýl kdpnric. Cis ulbhihks prnhumtvis n hk skrvbmbns, quk ksâl blbmbilhn npkrimbnlks n cis quk yi ksél kl npkrimbýl, pnhrél mnlriir `ign ksk Zrnfridi oisi ul muirkli pnr mbkln (8:%) hk
81
ri`igihnrks y ri`igihnris pnrmkligk quk skré micmucihn sn`rk ci `isk hk ci pcilbcci nic hk su pkrsnlic pkrdilklk. Ziri cns kakmns hkc pérrian ilkrbnr, ln sk ndirél kl mukli kl ci hkkrdblimbýl hkc pnrmkligk, kc l÷dkrn hk ri`igihnrks hk kdpnrihi quk kgkmukl ci`nrks mämcbmis, isä mndn cns ri`igihnrks n ri`igihnris kdpnricks quk yi sk klmuklrkl ci`nrilhn kl cis ulbhihks prnhumtvis n hk skrvbmbns i ci akmoi quk klrý kl vbfklmbi kc prnfridi y cns quk sk hkskdpkùkl kl ci`nrks quk ln sk kakm÷il mnl rkfucirbhih hurilk nhn kc iùn. =.0.6 Zirmucirbhihks hk Ci Cky. 9) Kl kc misn hk cis ulbhihks ulbhihks prnhum prnhumtvi tviss n hk skrvbmbn skrvbmbn quk quk blfrkskl blfrkskl ic Zrnfrid Zrnfridii y quk klfil hk uln i qublmk ri`igihnrks n ri`igihnris isicirbihns pkrdilklks, pnhrél mnlriir oisi ul l÷dkrn bfuic hk ri`igihnrks n ri`igihnris `ign ksk prnfridi. 0) Ois Oisii ul mblmn pnr mbkln mbkln (;%) hkc pnrmkli pnrmkligk gk gihn kl ksk ksk irmucn irmucn hk ri`igihn ri`igihnrks rks y ri`igih ri` igihnris nris mnl mnlrii riihns hns mnrrk mnrrkspnl spnlhkrél hkrél i frup frupns ns snmbi snmbicks cks vuclk vuclkri`ck ri`cks, s, mndn snl7 Xkrmkri khih, pkrsnlis mnl mipimbhihks hbakrklks, gývklks kxpuksns i rbksfns hk dbfrimbýl y quk oil sbhn hkpnrihns, gývklks kfrksihns hk prnmksns hk rkkhumimbýl pnr blarblfbr ci cky, gývklks rkoi`bcbihns hkc mnlsudn hk hrnfis y icmnonc, gývklks quk oil i`il i` ilhn hnli lihn hn ci ciss di diri riss n pi pilh lhbcc bccis is,, vk vkk kri riln lnss hk fu fukr krri ri y gu gu`b `bci cihn hnss qu qukk rk rkmb` mb`il il pklsbnlks blakrbnrks ic sicirbn dälbdn. =) Kl muiln muiln i cis ulbhihks ulbhihks prnhumt prnhumtvis vis n hk skrvbmbns skrvbmbns quk quk klfil klfil hk uln (9) i qublmk qublmk (9;) ri`igihnrks,, ci prkakrklmbi kl ci mnlriimbýl hk ri`igihnrks pkrklkmbklks i skmnrks ri`igihnrks vuclkri`cks skré oisi hk ul 9:%. 8) Cis ulbhihks ulbhihks prnhumtvi prnhumtviss n hk skrvbmbns skrvbmbns ln pnhrél mnlrii mnlriirr ri`igihnrks ri`igihnrks y ri`igihn ri`igihnris, ris, `ign ci lnrditvi hkc Zrnfridi, piri ci`nrks quk hk mnlanrdbhih ic Mýhbfn hk Xri`ign skil mnlsbhkrihis kdpnricks n hk kdpnrihi. ;) Cis ulbhi ulbhihks hks prnhumt prnhumtvis vis n hk skrvbmbn skrvbmbn quk sk blmnrpnr blmnrpnrkl kl hklrn hklrn hkc dirmn hk ksk Zrnfridi, ln pnhrél kakmuir rkhummbnlks hk pkrsnlic isicirbihn pkrdilklk, sicvn cis gusis miusis hk hkspbhn, rklulmbi n krdblimbýl hkc mnlrin hk ri`ign pnr duun imukrhn.
86
1) Kc ri`igihn ri`igihnrr n ri` ri`igih igihnri nri mnlriih mnlriihn n (i) `ign ksi dnhicbhih dnhicbhih quk sk mipimbk mipimbk y/n mursk mursk su khumimbýl prbdirbi n skmulhirbi skf÷l kc misn, klhré prbdkri npmbýl piri mu`rbr uli pcizi pkrdilklk kl cis ulbhihks quk oifil usn hk ksk prnfridi.
=.0.? Dnhicbhihks y Anrdis hk Mnltritimbýl. ]k pukhk susmrb`br mnlrins hk ri`ign pnr onris, kl dkhbis gnrlihis nrhblirbis, hburlis dbxis n lnmurlis y kl gnrlihis nrhblirbis mndpckis, hburlis dbxis n lnmurlis `ign cis dnhicbhihks hk7 i) Znr tkdpn cbdbihn n `) Ziri n`ri n skrvbmbns. Kl nhn misn ci gnrlihi dälbdi pnr ci muic sk mnlriiré `ign ksk Zrnfridi skré hk hns (0) onris hbirbis piri ci znli ruric y hk rks (=) onris hbirbis piri ci znli ur`ili. Xid`bâl pnhrél cis pirks kl anrdi kxmkpmbnlic susmrb`br mnlrins hk ri`ign kl dkhbis gnrlihis n mnlrins pnr onris n kl gnrlihis g nrlihis mndpckis, kl cis quk ln sk ndiri kl mukli kc pnr pnrmkl mklig igkk il ilkrbn krbnrr kl iqu iqukcci kcciss luk lukvis vis blh blhus usrbi rbiss n imt imtvbh vbhihk ihkss kmn kmnlýd lýdbmi bmiss muy muyii liurickzi hk ci imtvbhih kdprksirbic sk `isk kl kdpckn pnr onri, gnrlihi pirmbic n dkhbn tkdpn, misns mndn lukvis imtvbhihks kmlncýfbmis hk mndulbmimbnlks m ndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkrs n Mnlim Mklkrs y nris quk hk`kl skr micbmihis pnr ci ]kmrkirbi hk Ksihn kl cns Hkspimons hk Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic.
=.0.2 Pkdulkrimbýl Ci rkdulkrimbýl hk cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns kl kc éd`bn hk ksk Zrnfridi ksiré blkfrihi pnr hns mnlmkpns7 9) [l sicirbn sicirbn `isk, `isk, quk sk giré pnr pnr onri y quk ln skré blakrbn blakrbnrr ic sicirbn dälbdn dälbdn quk quk piri mihi skmnr hk ci prnhummbýl y skrvbmbns ksi`ckzmi ci Cky. Hbmon sicirbn sk giré hbvbhbklhn kc dnln hkc dbsdn klrk kc l÷dkrn hk onris quk hk mnlanrdbhih i mihi gnrlihi déxbdi nrhblirbi nrhblirbi piri kc ri`ign ri`ign hburln, dbxn y lnmurln gk ci Cky5 y 0) [li mndp mndpkls klsimb imbýl ýl ln oi` oi`bu buic. ic. Ziri Zi ri ci rkd rkdulk ulkrim rimbýl býl hk cns ri ri`i `igih gihnrk nrkss mnl mnlri riih ihns ns `ig `ign n kc éd` éd`bn bn hk ks kskk prnfridi sk ndirél kl mukli cis dnhicbhihks hk rkdulkrimbýl sbfubklks7 i) Znr Onri,
8?
`) Znr dkhbi Gnrlihi5 y, m) Znr pbkzi, irki, prkmbn iczihn, i hksign n pnr tkdpn hkkrdblihn. Kc mécmucn hk ci rkdulkrimbýl sk n`klhré hbvbhbklhn kc sicirbn dälbdn hbirbn gihn ckficdklk piri mihi skmnr, klrk kc l÷dkrn hk onris gihn pnr ci Cky piri ci gnrlihi nrhblirbi hburli, dbxi n lnmurli, kc rksucihn sk ductpcbmiré pnr kc l÷dkrn hk onris ri`igihis, y ksk rksucihn mnlstubré kc sicirbn hbirbn i pifir kl mihi dnhicbhih hk ri`ign.
=.0.9: ]icirbn Muilhn sk rik hk diln hk n`ri ln micbmihi, kc sicirbn `isk ln skré blakrbnr ic vicnr hkc sicirb sic irbn n däl dälbdn bdn onri, onri, ip ipcbmi cbmi`ck `ck i mih mihii skm skmnr nr hk ci kmn kmnlnd lndäi äi kl hnl hnlhk hk sk kgk kgkmu mukk ci mnlriimbýl. Kc sicirbn `isk skré pimihn pnr onri kl gnrlihis mnlvklbhis mnlvklbhis klrk cis pirks, mnlanrdk cns rkqukrbdbklns hk älhnck kspkmbic hk ci blhusrbi n skrvbmbn, sbl kxmkhkr hk muirkli y muirn (88) onris skdilicks kl ci gnrlihi hburli, muirkli y hns (80) onris skdilicks kl ci dbxi y hk rkbli y skbs (=1) onris skdilicks kl ci lnmurli5 mnl dälbdns hk dkhbi gnrlihi gnrlihi nrhblirbi, nrhblirbi, hburli, hburli, dbxi n lnmu lnmurli. rli. Muil Muilhn hn ci mnlriimbýl mnlriimbýl ski piri diln hk n`ri micbmihi, kc sicirbn `isk skré kc quk sk pimk klrk cis pirks, sbl quk kl lblf÷l misn pukhi skr blakrbnr ic sicirbn dälbdn quk mnrrkspnlhi m nrrkspnlhi pnr Cky. =.0.99 Mndpklsimbýl ln Oi`btuic Cis ulbhihks prnhumtvis n hk skrvbmbns quk rkrb`uyil i sus ri`igihnrks `ign ci dnhicbhih hk ul sicirbn gn u nrhblirbn kl kc dirmn hk ksk Zrnfridi, pifirél i cns dbsdns ul sicirbn `isk dés uli mndpklsimbýl ln oi`buic, ci muic skré kqubvicklk i ul vkblk pnr mbkln (0:%) sn`rk kc sicirbn `isk mnlvklbhn5 ksi mndpklsimbýl ln oi`buic kqubvick ic pifn hkc hkmbdnkrmkr dks, hkmbdnmuirn dks y vimimbnlks, hkrkmons hk cns muicks ln fnzil cns ri`igihnrks kdpnricks mnlanrdk ic Mýhbfn hkc Xri`ign vbfklk. Cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns pnr ulbhih hk n`ri (prnhummbýl, pbkzi, irki, prkmbn iczihn n i hks hk sig ign) n),, sk skré rél l rk rkdu dulk lkri rihn hnss hk mn mnla lanr nrdb dbhi hih h ic si sici cirb rbn n `i `isk sk mn mnlv lvkl klbh bhn, n, dé déss ul ulii mndpkl mnd pklsim simbýl býl ln oi oi`b `buic uic kqu kqubvi bvickl cklk k i ul vkb vkblk lk pn pnrr mbk mbkln ln (0: (0:%) %) hkc sic sicirb irbn n `i `isk sk
82
mnlvklbhn. - Ksns ri`igihnrks sncn pnhré fnzir hk hbmoi mndpklsimbýl sb mudpckl ci dki hk prnhummbýl quk kl bfuicks mnlhbmbnlks mudpcil cns ri`igihnrks pkrdilklks hk ci dbsdi ulbhih prnhumtvi n hk skrvbmbns. =.0.90 Blstutn Onlhurkùn hk ]kfurbhih ]nmbic (BO]]). Kl n nhn hn cn rk rkci citv tvn n i dk dkhb hbhi hiss hk si sicu cuh, h, ob obfb fbkl klkk y sk skfu furb rbhi hih h nm nmup upim imbn bnli lic, c, rb rbks ksfn fnss prnaksbnlicks, `klkmbn pnr dukrk liuric y dikrlbhih cns ri`igihnrks y ri`igihnris mnlriihns `ign ksk prnfridi, ksirél prnkfbhns pnr cn quk hbspnlfi ci Cky hkc Blstun Onlhur Onl hurkùn kùn hk ]kf ]kfurb urbhi hih h ]nm ]nmbic bic,, kc Pkf Pkfcid cidkl kln n Fkl Fklkri kricc hk Dkh Dkhbhi bhiss Zrk Zrkvkl vkltvi tviss hk Immbhklks hk Xri`ign Klakrdkhihks Zrnaksbnlicks, y cn quk hbspnlfi kl ksis dikrbis kc Mýhbfn hkc Xri`ign, pnr cn quk hk`krél rkfbsrir i cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns `ign kc Zrnfridi kl kc cbsihn kspkmbic hk skfubdbkln k blsmrbpmbýl kl ci rkspkmtvi nmbli hkc BO]] dés mkrmili iulquk kc skrvbmbn sk prksk pnr dkhbmn hk Kdprksi n pnr Mcälbmi Zrbvihi, `ign supkrvbsbýl y mnlrnc hk ci ]kmrkirbi hk Ksihn kl cns Hkspimons hk Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic. =.0.9= Blstutn Limbnlic hk Anrdimbýl Zrnksbnlic (BLANZ). Cns kdp kdpcki ckihnr hnrks ks quk sk blm blmnrp nrpnrk nrkl l ic prn prnfri fridi di ks ksiré irél l sug sugkn knss i ci mnt mntzim zimbýl býl quk ksi`ckmk ci Cky hkc Blstun Limbnlic hk Anrdimbýl Zrnaksbnlic (BLANZ). Kc pnrmkligk ipnrihn ic BLANZ pnr kc kdpckihnr ihokrbhn i ksk Zrnfridi, sk dilkgiré pnr dkhbn hk ul hkbmndbsn kl kc @ilmn Mklric hk Onlhuris quk skré ihdblbsrihn pnr ul mndbâ mndpuksn pnr [l Pkprksklilk hk ci ]kmrkiräi Xâmlbmi hk Zcilbmimbýl y Mnnpkrimbýl Kxkrli (]KZCIL), [l Pkprksklilk hk ci ]kmrkiräi hk Ksihn kl cns Hkspimons hk Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic, [l Pkprksklilk hk Mklrn hk Hksirrnccn hk Pkmursns Oudilns hk Onlhur Onl huris is (MI (MIHKP HKPO), O), [l Pkp Pkprks rkskl klil ilk k hk ci Aul Aulhi himbý mbýl l hk Hks Hksirr irrncc nccn n y Xkm Xkmln lncnf cnfäi äi (A[LHKXKM)5 y, [l Pkprksklilk hk ci Isnmbimbýl hk Dulbmbpbns hk Onlhuris (IDONL)5 ci mndbsbýl hk skfubdbkln hkc Mnlfrksn Limbnlic imuiré mndn dbkd`rn n`skrvihnr hk ksk mndbâ, mnl vnz pkrn sbl vnn.
=.0.98 Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onri
;:
Dkhb Dk hbil ilk k Hk Hkmr mrk kn n 0= 0=::-0: 0:9: 9:,, sk mr mrki ki ci Ck Ckyy hk hkcc Zr Zrnf nfri ridi di hk Kd Kdpc pckn kn pn pnrr on onri ri,, pu`cbmihi kl akmoi ; hk lnvbkd`rk hk 0:9:, y mnl uli hurimbýl hk = iùns.
Dkhbil Dkh bilk k Imu Imukrh krhn n Dbl Dblbs bskrb krbic ic l÷d l÷dkrn krn ]X] ]X]].: ].::0-0 :0-0:99 :99,, sk mrk mrkii kc Pkf Pkfcid cidkl kln n hkc Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr onri.
Dkhbilk hkmrkn 062-0:9= sk rkicbzi ci prýrrnfi hk ci Cky hkc Zrnfridi hk Kdpckn pnr onri oisi kc =9 hk klkrn hk 0:98.
Kc ZPNFPIDI HK KDZCKN ZNP ONPI quk dkhbilk Hkmrkn 0=:-0:9: ksuvn vbfklk kl kc piäs, sk mnlvbrtý kl cky pkrdilklk mnl kc lnd`rk hk –CKR HK KDZCKN ZNP ONPI—, kc quk auk pu`cbmihn kl kc Hbirbn nmbic Ci Fimki kc =9 hk dirzn hk 0:98.
Isbdbsdn, ksi cky y prnfridi sk aulhidklý kl kc pcil hk Fn`bkrln 0:9: ” 0:98, kc muic y skf÷l cns mnlsbhkrilhns hkc Hkmrkn, ksi`ckmäi ci –Ksrikfbi hk Pkhummbýl y krrihbmimbýl hk ci pn`rkzi—. Pkmnlnmbklhn kc Zcil hk Limbýl y Qbsbýl hk Ziäs mndn blsrudkln hk rkimtvimbýl kmnlýdbmi y fklkrimbýl hk kdpckn5 Blkfrihn mndn dkmilbsdn piri hblidbzir y idpcbir susilmbicdklk kc dkrmihn hk ri`ign5 k blmbhbklhn kl ci npnrulbhih, micbhih y dkgnri hk kdpckn y sicirbns mnl ci licbhih hk prnpbmbir mnlhbmbnlks hk vbhi hbflis piri ci pn`cimbýl y diynr mndpkttvbhih hk ci kmnlndäi onlhurkùi. Ksk Ks k pr prnf nfri ridi di qu qukk au aukk ip iprn rn`i `ihn hn dk dkhb hbil ilk k Hk Hkmr mrk kn n mn mnls lsbh bhkr krn n i` i`sn sncu cun n pr prnd ndnv nvkr kr prnfridis y prnykmns quk pkrdbtkril ci idpcbimbýl hk npnrulbhihks hk kdpckn y immksn ic ri`ign bdpucsilhn ci mrkimbýl, kxpilsbýl y dkgnri hk cis auklks hk ri`ign5 prndnvkr ci sncbhirbhih hk cns skmnrks nrfilbzihns piri mnl frupns hk pn`cimbýl dés hksprnkfbhns, ks hkmbr iqukccns quk sk klmnlri`il dirfblihns hk cns `klkmbns quk sk hkrbvil hkc kdpckn. Kc hkmrkn skùici`i quk sk lkmksbi`i hk dkhbhis hk urfklmbi snmbic, piri iklhkr i ci pn`cimbýl mnl prn`ckdis hk kdpckn y piri iklhkr ci prksbýl quk kgkrmäil cns quk ispbri`il i ul kdpckn pnr prbdkri vkz y ihkdés quk sk lkmksbi`i hk dkhbhis bldkhbiis, yi quk kc hkskdpckn ksi`i prnvnmilhn ul blmrkdkln prnfrksbvn kl cns älhbmks hk hkskdpckn y su`kdpckn, klhklmbi quk i ci akmoi sbfuk y skfubré sbklhn ul n`sémucn, dbklris ln sk rkspkkl cns hkrkmons ci`nricks hk cns ri`igihnrks, dbklris ln sk ksi`ckzmi ul pcil hk dkgnri dkhbilk ci blspkmmbýl mnrrkmi pnr pirk hk blspkmnrks hk ci c i ]kmrkiräi hkc Xri`ign kl cis pkqukùis, dkhbilis y frilhks kdprksis y sk cnfrk rkimtvir ci kmnlndäi quk
;9
imuicdklk oi prnvnmihn ci mrbsbs hkc MNQBH92 y cns ourimilks KXI y BNXI piri quk cns onlhurkùns immkhil i cns `klkmbns quk firiltzi ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi, cns mnlvklbns blkrlimbnlicks ritmihns pnr Onlhuris mnl ci NBX y hkdés ckyks hk Xri`ign y Zrkvbsbýl ]nmbic. Kc Hkmrkn 0=: - 0:9: `usmi`i7 Andklir kc kdpckn5
Kvbir kc blmrkdkln kl kc älhbmk hk hkskdpckn y su`kdpckn5
Cnfrir quk cns ri`igihnrks fnmkl hk cns `klkmbns hk ci ]kfurbhih ]nmbic y ]icuh Nmupimbnlic5
Anrdimbýl hk mipbic oudiln, piri andklir ci blskrmbýl ci`nric y dkgnrir cns lbvkcks hk prnhumtvbhih y mndpkttvbhih, quk rkhulhkl kl dkgnrks blfrksns5
Cnfrir kc pckln usn hk ci mipimbhih blsicihi kl kc dirmn hk prnfridis hk rkimtvimbýl kmnlýdbmi hklrn hkc Zcil hk Limbýl y Qbsbýl hk piäs5
Kstducir ci blvkrsbýl y kc kdpckn kl cis ridis hk imtvbhih kmnlýdbmi mnl diynr mipimbhih hk i`snrmbýl hk diln hk n`ri5
Iskfur Isk furir ir quk ci Zn` Zn`cim cimbýl býl Kmn Kmnlýd lýdbmi bmidkl dklk k Imt Imtvi, vi, (ZK (ZKI), I), fru frupns pns snm snmbic bicks ks vuclkri`cks y gývklks klmuklrkl ul kdpckn hbfln mnl rkspkn i cns hkrkmons ci`nricks5
Cnfrir quk cns ihncksmklks y gývklks sk hksirrncckl hk anrdi blkfric piri rkhumbr älhbmks hk i`usn, vbncklmbi, hkcblmuklmbi guvklbc y dbfrimbýl.
Pkspkir cns hkrkmons hk cns ri`igihnrks skf÷l ci ckfbscimbýl vbfklk. (0=:-0:9:, Iutnr7 Hkmrkn 0=:-0:9: hkmrktn) Iutnr7 hkmrktn)
Hkspuâs hk rkvbsir ci lnrditvi limbnlic k blkrlimbnlic kl rkcimbýl mnl ci mnlriimbýl m nlriimbýl `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri, mnlsbhkrn quk ksis ckyks pnr onri hk`kl skr rkvbsihis, hk dilkri hk firiltzir i cns ri`igihnrks ksi`bcbhih ci`nric sbl kxmkpmbnlks y firiltzir quk fnmkl hk nhns cns `klkmbns quk ksis ckyks narkmkl. Isbdbsdn, ci ]kmrkiräi hkc Xri`ign hk mihi piäs i rivâs hk cns hkpiridklns hk blspkmmbýl hk`kl hk vkcir pnr quk cis kdprksis mudpcil cn ksi`ckmbhn kl cis dbsdis.
;0
;=
=.=. Lnrdivi i Lbvkc Bltkrlimbnlic. =.=.9 Hkmcirimbýl [lbvkrsic hk cns Hkrkmons Oudilns (H[HO) Ci Hkmcirimbýl [lbvkrsic hk cns Hkrkmons Oudilns (H[HO), kl sus ludkricks 9, 0 y = hkc irmucn 0= ksi`ckmk quk7 9. Xnhi pkrsnli tklk hkrkmon ic ri`ign, i ci cb`rk kckmmbýl hk su ri`ign, i mnlhbmbnlks kqubitvis y sitsaimnrbis hk ri`ign y i ci prnkmmbýl mnlri kc hkskdpckn. 0. Xnhi pkrsnli tklk hkrkmon, sbl hbsmrbdblimbýl icfuli, i bfuic sicirbn pnr ri`ign bfuic. =. Xnhi pkrsnli quk ri`igi tklk hkrkmon i uli rkdulkrimbýl kqubitvi y sitsaimnrbi, quk ck iskfurk, isä mndn i su aidbcbi, uli kxbsklmbi mnlanrdk i ci hbflbhih oudili y quk skré mndpckihi, kl misn lkmksirbn, pnr muicksqubkri nrns dkhbns hk prnkmmbýl snmbic. (Ci Hkmcirimbýl [lbvkrsic hk cns Hkrkmons Oudilns (H[HO), kl sus ludkricks 9, 0 y = hkc irmucn 0=) Ci Hkmcirimbýl [lbvkrsic hk cns Hkrkmons Oudilns ks ul hnmudkltn quk dirmi ul obtn kl ci obstnrbi hk cns hkrkmons oudilns. Kci`nrihi pnr rkprkskltiltks hk tnhis cis rkfbnlks hkc dulhn mnl hbakrkltks iltkmkhkltks gurähbmns y mucturicks, ci Hkmcirimbýl auk prnmcidihi prnmcidihi pnr ci Isid`cki Fklkric hk cis Limbnlks [lbhis kl Ziräs, kc 9: hk hbmbkd`rk hk 928? kl su (Pksncumbýl 096 I (BBB)) mndn ul bhkic mnd÷l piri tnhns cns puk`cns y limbnlks. Ci Hkmcirimbýl ksti`ckmk, pnr prbdkri vkz, cns hkrkmons oudilns aulhidklticks aulhidklti cks quk hk`kl prntkfkrsk kl kc dulhn kltkrn y oi sbhn trihumbhi i dés hk ;:: bhbndis. Ci H[HO ks idpcbidkltk rkmnlnmbhi pnr oi`kr blspbrihn y iccilihn kc midbln piri ci ihnpmbýl hk dés hk sktklti tritihns hk hkrkmons oudilns, quk sk ipcbmil ony kl häi hk dilkri pkrdilkltk i lbvkc dulhbic y rkfbnlic (tnhns mnlklkl rkakrklmbis i kcci kl sus prkéd`ucns) .
=.=.0. Zimtn Bltkrlimbnlic hk cns Hkrkmons Kmnlýdbmns, ]nmbicks y Mucturicks (ZBHK]M) Kc pimn Blkrlimbnlic hk Hkrkmons Kmnlýdbmns, ]nmbicks y Mucuricks, ksi`ckmk kl su irmucn 6 quk, Cns Ksihns Zirks kl kc prksklk Zimn rkmnlnmkl kc hkrkmon hk nhi pkrsnli ic fnmk hk mnlhbmbnlks hk ri`ign kqubitvis y sitsaimnrbis quk ck iskfurkl kl kspkmbic7
;8
9. [li rkd rkdulkri ulkrimbýl mbýl qu qukk prnpn prnpnrmbnl rmbnlkk mndn däl dälbdn bdn i nhn nhnss cns ri ri`igi `igihnrks hnrks77 b. [l sici sicirbn rbn kqu kqubi bitvn tvn k bfu bfuic ic pnr ri` ri`ign ign hk bfuic vic vicnr, nr, sbl hbst hbstlmb lmbnlk nlkss hk lbl lblful fulii kspkmbk5 kl pirtmucir, hk`k iskfurirsk i cis dugkrks mnlhbmbnlks hk ri`ign ln blakrbnrks i cis hk cns ond`rks, mnl sicirbn bfuic pnr ri`ign bfuic5 bb. Mnlh Mnlhbmb bmbnl nlks ks hk kxbs kxbskl klmb mbii hb hbfl flis is piri piri kc kccn cnss y piri piri su suss ai aidb dbcbi cbiss mnla mnlanr nrdk dk i cis cis hbspnsbmbnlks hkc prksklk Zimn5 0. Ci sskfu kfurbh rbhih ih y ci o obfbk bfbklk lk kl kkcc ri ri`i `ign5 gn5 =. Bfu Bfuic ic npnr npnrulb ulbhih hih pir pirii nh nhns ns hk skr prnd prndnvb nvbhns hns,, hklrn hklrn hk su ri ri`i `ign, gn, i ci mikf mikfnrä nräii supkrbnr quk cks mnrrkspnlhi, sbl dés mnlsbhkrimbnlks quk cns aimnrks hk tkdpn hk skrvbmbn y mipimbhih5 8. Kc hksmi hksmilsn, lsn, kc hbsa hbsaruk ruk hkc tkd tkdpn pn cb`rk cb`rk,, ci cbdbimb cbdbimbýl ýl rizn riznli`ck li`ck hk cis o onris nris hk ri ri`ign `ign y cis vimimbnlks pkrbýhbmis pifihis, isä mndn ci rkdulkrimbýl hk cns häis akstvns (Kc pimn Blkrlimbnlic hk Hkrkmons Kmnlýdbmns, ]nmbicks y Mucuricks, ksi`ckmk kl su irmucn 6 quk,, Cns Ksihn quk Ksihnss Zirks Zirks)). (Ihnpihn y i`bkrn i ci rdi, ritmimbýl y ihoksbýl pnr ci
Isid`cki Fklkric kl su rksncumbýl 00:: I (__B), hk 91 hk hbmbkd`rk hk 9211. Klrihi kl vbfnr7 = hk klkrn hk , hk mnlanrdbhih mnl kc irmucn 06. , 9261)
=.=.=. Zrntnmncn Aimuctivn hk ]il ]icvihnr Cns Ksihns Zirks kl kc prksklk Zrnnmncn kl kc irmucn l÷dkrn 6 rkmnlnmkl quk kc hkrkmon ic ri`ign ic quk sk rkkrk kc irmucn ilkrbnr supnlk quk nhi pkrsnli fnmk hkc dbsdn kl mnl dbsdn mnlhbm hbmbnl bnlks ks gus gusi is, s, kqu kqubi bitvi tviss y si sitsa tsaim imnrb nrbis, is, pir pirii cn mui muicc hbm hbmons ons Ks Ksih ihns ns firiltzirél kl sus ckfbscimbnlks limbnlicks, hk dilkri pirtmucir7 9. [li rkd rkdulkri ulkrimbýl mbýl quk is iskfurk kfurk mnd mndn n dälbdn i n nhns hns cns ri ri`igi `igihnrks hnrks mn mnlhbmbn lhbmbnlks lks hk su`sbsklmbi hbfli y hkmnrnsi piri kccns y sus aidbcbis y ul sicirbn kqubitvn k bfuic pnr ri`ign bfuic, sbl lblfuli hbstlmbýl5 0. Kc hkrk hkrkmon mon hk nhn r ri`i i`igih gihnr nr i skf skfubr ubr su vnmi vnmimbý mbýl l y i hkhbm hkhbmirs irskk i ci imtv imtvbhi bhih h quk dkgn dk gnrr rk rksp spnl nlhi hi i su suss kxpk kxpkm mit itvi viss y i mid` mid`bi birr hk kd kdpc pckn kn,, hk imuk imukrh rhn n mnl mnl ci rkfcidklimbýl limbnlic rkspkmtvi5 =. Kc hkrkmo hkrkmon n hkc ri` ri`igihn igihnrr i ci prndnmbý prndnmbýl l n ismklsn h hklrn klrn hk su ri`i ri`ign gn piri cn mui muicc sk klhrél kl mukli sus micbmimbnlks, mndpkklmbi, prn`bhih y tkdpn hk skrvbmbn5
;;
8. Ci ksi ksi`bcbhi `bcbhih h hk cns ri` ri`igih igihnrks nrks kl sus kd kdpckns pckns,, hk imukrh imukrhn n mnl cis miri mirimkräs mkrästmis tmis hk cis blhusrbis y prnaksbnlks y mnl cis miusis hk gusi skpirimbýl. Kl misns hk hkspbh hks pbhn n blgust blgustmi mihn, hn, kc ri ri`i `igih gihnr nr kl klhré hré hkr hkrkmo kmon n i ul ulii blh blhkdl kdlbzi bzimbýl mbýl n i ci rkihdbsbýl kl kc kdpckn n i muicqubkri nri prksimbýl prkvbsi pnr ci ckfbscimbýl limbnlic5 ;. Ci sskfu kfurbh rbhih ih k o obfb bfbklk klk kkl l kc r ri` i`ign ign55 1. Ci prno prnob`bmbýl b`bmbýl h hkk ri`i ri`ign gn lnmur lnmurln ln n kl ci`nr ci`nrks ks blsic blsicu`rks u`rks n pk pkcbfrn cbfrnsis sis i cns dkl dklnrks nrks hk 9? iùns y, kl fklkric, hk nhn ri`ign quk pukhi pnlkr kl pkcbfrn su sicuh, skfurbhih n dnric. Muilhn sk rik hk dklnrks hk 91 iùns, ci gnrlihi hk ri`ign hk`kré su`nrhblirsk i cis hbspnsbmbnlks sn`rk khumimbýl n`cbfinrbi y kl lblf÷l misn pnhré mnlstubr ul bdpkhbdkln piri ci isbsklmbi ksmncir n skr uli cbdbimbýl piri `klkmbirsk hk ci blsrummbýl rkmb`bhi5 6. Ci cbdb cbdbimb imbýl ýl rizn riznli li`ck `ck hk cis onr onris is hk ri ri`ig `ign, n, il iln n hbi hbirbi rbiss mnd mndn n skd skdil ilick icks. s. Cis gnrlihis skrél skrél hk dklnr hurimbýl mui muilhn lhn sk rik hk ri ri`igns `igns pkcbfrnsns, blsicu`rks blsicu`rks n lnmurlns5 ?. Kc hksm hksmil ilsn sn,, kc hb hbsa saru ruk k hk hkcc tkdp tkdpn n cb`r cb`rk, k, cis cis vi vimi mimb mbnl nlks ks pi pifi fihi his, s, is isää mndn mndn ci rkdulkrimbýl hk cns häis akrbihns limbnlicks. (ZPNXNMNCN AIM[CXIXBQN HK ]IL ]ICQIHNP7 irmucn l÷dkrn 6) I[XNPK]7 Zrntnmn Zrntnmncn cn Ihbmbnlic Ihbmbnlic i ci Mnlvklmbý Mnlvklmbýl l Idkrbmi Idkrbmili li sn`rk sn`rk Hkrkmons Hkrkmons Oudilns Oudilns kl
ditkrbi hk hkrkmons kmnlýdbmns, snmbicks y mucturicks7 –Zrntnmncn hk ]il ]icvihnr—7 ]usmrbtn kl ]il ]icvihnr, Kc ]icvihnr, kc 96 hk lnvbkd`rk hk 92??, kl kc hâmbdn nmtivn pkränhn nrhbl nrhblir irbn bn hk sksbn sksbnlk lkss hk ci Isi Isid` d`cki cki Fklkr Fklkric. ic. p.5 p.5 md. (NI]. (NI]. Hnmudk Hnmudkltn ltnss nmbic nmbicks ks55 NKI/]k NKI /]kr.I r.I/88 /88)) (]krbk (]krbk sn sn`rk `rk Xritih Xritihns ns55 ln.12) ln.12).. B]@L B]@L 26?-:26?-:-?06 ?06:-1 :-1;08 ;08-1 -1 9. Mbv Mbvbc bc rbfots rbfots-- Idkrbmi. 0. Oudil Oudil rbfots--Idkrbmi. rbfots--Idkrbmi. B. Xbtck7 Mnlvklmbýl Mnlvklmbýl Idkrbmili sn`r sn`rk k Hkrkmons Oudilns Oudilns (9212). BB. Zrntnmncn hk ]il ]icvihnr. BBB. ]krbks. NKI/]kr.I/88 NKI/]kr.I/88 (kspiùnc).
=.=.8. Xritihns y Mnlvklbns Bltkrlimbnlicks Bltkrlimbnlicks hk ci NBX.
Mnlvklbn sn`rk ci Hbsmrbdblimbýl (kdpckn y nmupimbýl 999), 92;?.
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Kc Mnlvklbn l÷dkrn 999 hk ci NBX ks mnlsbhkrihn uln hk cns mnlvklbns aulhidklicks y prnkfk i nhns cns ri`igihnrks ilk ci hbsmrbdblimbýl pnr dntvns hk rizi, mncnr, skxn, rkcbfbýl, npblbýl pncätmi, ismklhklmbi limbnlic, nrbfkl snmbic y nrns mrbkrbns quk pukhil skr kspk ks pkmb mbm mih ihns ns pn pnrr kc Ks Ksi ihn hn ri rit tmi mil lk, k, pr prkv kvbi bi mn mnls lsuc uci i mn mnl l ci ciss nr nrfi filb lbzi zimb mbnl nlks ks rkprksklitvis hk kdpckihnrks y hk ri`igihnrks. Kc Mnlvk Mnlvklbn lbn hklk ci hbsmr hbsmrbdbli bdblimbýl mbýl kl kc irmu irmucn cn 9 mndn muicqubkr muicqubkr hbstlmbýl, hbstlmbýl, kxmcus kxmcusbýl býl n prkakrklmbi `isihi kl dntvns hk rizi, mncnr, skxn, rkcbfbýl, npblbýl pncätmi, ismklhklmbi limbnlic u nrbfkl snmbic quk klfi pnr kakmn ilucir n ickrir ci bfuichih hk npnrulbhihks n hk rin kl kc kdpckn y ci nmupimbýl. Muicqubkr nri hbstlmbýl, kxmcusbýl n prkakrklmbi quk klfi pnr kakmn ilucir n ickrir ci bfuichih hk npnrulbhihks n hk rin kl kc kdpckn u nmupimbýl quk pnhré skr kspkmbmihi pnr kc Dbk Dbkd`r d`rn n bl blkrk krksih sihn n prk prkvbi vbi mnl mnlsuc suci i mnl cis nrf nrfilb ilbzim zimbnl bnlks ks rkp rkprks rkskl klitv itvis is hk kdpc kd pcki kihn hnrk rkss y hk r ri` i`ig igih ihnr nrks ks,, mu muil ilhn hn hb hbmo mois is nr nrfi filb lbzi zimbn mbnlk lkss kx kxbs bsi il, l, y mn mnl l n nrn rnss nrfilbsdns iprnpbihns. (MM999) Mnlvklbn ]n`rk Bfuichih hk Pkdulkrimbýl, 92;9 (9::).
Ksk Mnlvklbn, mnlsbhkrihn uln hk cns aulhidklicks hk ci NBX, kstpuci quk cns Ksihns quk cn ritqukl hk`kl firiltzir i nhns cns ri`igihnrks ci ipcbmimbýl hkc prblmbpbn hk bfuichih hk rkdulkrimbýl klrk ci diln hk n`ri dismucbli y ci diln hk n`ri akdklbli pnr ul ri`ign hk bfuic vicnr. Xnhn Dbkd`rn hk`kré, kdpckilhn dkhbns ihipihns i cns dânhns vbfklks hk gimbýl hk isis hk rkdulkrimbýl, prndnvkr y, kl ci dkhbhi kl quk ski mndpit`ck mnl hbmons dânhns, firiltzir ci ipcbmimbýl i nhns cns ri`igihnrks hkc prblmbpbn hk bfuichih hk rkdulkrimbýl klrk ci diln hk n`ri dismucbli y ci diln hk n`ri akdklbli pnr ul ri`ign hk bfuic vicnr. (M9::) Mnlvklbn ]n`rk ci Zncätbmi hkc Kdpckn, 9218 (l÷d. 900).
Kc Mnlvklbn l÷d. 900 ksi`ckmk quk, hk`kl ihnpirsk mbkris dkhbhis mcivk. Kl prbdkr cufir, hk`k oi`kr ul mndprndbsn pncätmn piri firiltzir kc hkrkmon ic ri`ign dkhbilk ci rkicbz rki cbzimb imbýl ýl hkc pck pckln ln kdp kdpckn ckn.. Kl skf skfulh ulhn n cuf cufir, ir, cns Ks Ksih ihns ns Dbk Dbkd`r d`rns ns hk` hk`kl kl mrk mrkir ir n
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anrickmkr cis blst anrickmkr blstumbnlk umbnlkss lkmks lkmksirbi irbiss piri firiltzir firiltzir ci dkgnr nrfilbzimbýl nrfilbzimbýl pnsb`ck hkc dkrmihn hk ri`ign. Kl krmkr cufir, cns Ksihns hk`kl ihnpir dkhbhis piri ipnyir kc immksn blmcusbvn ic kdpckn dkhbilk kc ipnyn i ci khumimbýl y ci anrdimbýl, isä mndn ic iprklhbzigk pkrdilklk, piri rkhumbr cns hksigusks kl dikrbi hk iptuhks y iltmbpirsk i cis hkdilhis hk diln hk n`ri, kl pirtmucir kl ul dulhn ci`nric kl répbhi kvncumbýl kl kc quk kc rbdn hk cns mid`bns mnltl÷i imkckrélhnsk hk`bhn i aimnrks mndn ci fcn`icbzimbýl, ci hbfbicbzimbýl y cis bllnvimbnlks kmlncýfbmis. =.8. Zrblmbpbns quk Pbfkl kc Hkrkmon hkc Xri`ign. =.8.9 Zrblmbpbn prntkmtnrbn7 Ziri iprkmbir dkgnr ksk prblmbpbn, ks lkmksirbn puluicbzir quk kc hkrkmon hkc ri`ign sk nrbfblý piri prnkfkr ic ri`igihnr y quk kc nrhklidbkln gurähbmn mndn sbskdi hk piz, ski snmbic y dnricdklk gusn. - Ci su`nrhblimbýl ks ul aimnr prnpbn kl uli rkcimbýl ci`nric, y ksii su` ks su`nrh nrhbli blimbýl mbýl ri rikk ip ipirk irkgih gihii ci ipc ipcbmi bmimbý mbýl l hkc hkr hkrkmo kmon n hkc ri ri`i `ign. gn. Kc prb prblmb lmbpbn pbn prnkmnr ks mndn kc mnrizýl hkc hkrkmon hkc ri`ign, su ksklmbi rihbmi ln kl lbvkcir i cis pkrsnlis, sbln hk kqubcb`rir cis hksbfuichihks kxbsklks kl hbmoi su`nrhblimbýl, ln sncn kl kc Hkrkmon Blhbvbhuic, sbln id`bâl, kl kc Hkrkmon Zrnmksic y kl kc Hkrkmon Mnckmtvn hkc Xri`i Xri `ign. gn.-- @és @ésbmi bmidkl dklk k âs âskk pr prblmb blmbpbn pbn mnl mnlsbs sbsk k kl uli u ukci kci prk prkakr akrklm klmbic bic i aiv aivnr nr hkc ri`igihnr/i, piri kqubcb`rir hksbfuichihks hk mirémkr snmbic, kmnlýdbmns y mucuric, cn quk sk rihumk kl dklnr pnhkr hk lkfnmbimbýl piri kc kdpckihnr.- ]k hksprklhkl hk ksk prblmbpbn prnkmnrbn, ccidihn id`bâl prnkmnr n hk aivnr, rks rkfcis aulhidklicks blsrudklicks7 9) BL H[@BN ZPN NZKPIPBN Oimk rkakrklmbi ic mrbkrbn quk hk`k ihnpir ul Gukzz n Dif Guk Difbs bsrih rihn n pir pirii skc skckmmb kmmbnl nlir ir k bl blkrp krprk rkir ir ci lnr lnrdi, di, mui muilhn lhn âsi âsi fkl fklkrk krk huh huhii rkspkmn i cns hkrkmons ci`nricks rkmcidihns, pnr cn quk hk`kré skr ci blkrprkimbýl dés aivnri`ck ic ri`igihnr. 0) LNPDI DÉ] AIQNPI@CK Kl kc misn hk quk kxbsi dés hk uli lnrdi piri ipcbmir (i hbakrklmbi hkc bl hu`bn prn npkrirbn, quk sk rii hk dés hk uli blkrprkimbýl piri uli dbsdi lnrdi), sk npiré pnr iqukccis quk prksklk cis mnlhbmbnlks dés aivnri`cks piri kc ri`igihnr, blmcusn sb ci dbsdi ks hk dklnr gkrirquäi klrk kc nrhklidbkln mcésbmn hk cis ckyks. =) CI MNLHBMBÝL DÉ] @KLKABMBN]I Oimk rkakrklmbi i quk lulmi sk ipcbmiré uli lnrditvi quk sbflbquk ul rkrnmksn piri cns `klkmbns quk
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oiyi ihqubrbhn ul ri`igihnr. ]k mnlsbhkri ci mnlhbmbýl dés `klkmbnsi mndn ul `bkl blmnrp blm nrpnri nrihn hn ic mnl mnlri rin n hk ri ri`i `ign gn hkc blh blhbvbh bvbhun. un. Znr ksk prb prblmb lmbpbn pbn sk klt kltklh klhkk qu qukk muicqu mui cqubkr bkr dnh dnhbm bmimb imbýl ýl i cis ln lnrdi rditvi tvis, s, hk` hk`kk idp idpcbi cbir, r, y ln rkhumb rkhumbrr cns hkrkmon hkrkmonss hkc ri`igihnr. Ksk ks kc prblmbpbn sn`rk kc quk sk hksirrnccý ci hbsmbpcbli hkc hkrkmon hkc ri` r i`ig ign, n, cukf cukfn n ci hnm hnmrb rbli li au aukk i` i`rb rbâl âlhn hnsk sk pisn pisn y sk mrki mrkirn rnl l n nrn rnss pr prbl blmbp mbpbn bns, s, quk quk mndpckdkliril ic prbdkrn piri su dkgnr ipcbmimbýl k Blkrprkimbýl.
=.8.0 Zrblmbpbn hk Brrklulmbi`bcbhi Brrklulmbi`bcbhih7 h7 Mnlsbsk, kl ci bdpnsb`bcbhih hkc ri`igihnr hk rklulmbir n hbspnlkr kl su prnpbn pkrgubmbn, i÷l mnl kc mnlmursn hk su prnpbi vnculih, i cns hkrkmons y mrâhbns quk sk hkrbvil hkc mnlrin hk ri`ign y hk cis ckyks. =.8.= Zrblmbpbn hk Igklbhih hk cns Pbksfns7 Kl vbruh hkc muic cns hkrkmons hk cns ri`igihnrks hk`krél skr pkrmb`bhns kl ci anrdi y cufir mnlvklbhn, lulmi pnhräi hkpklhkr hkc hkstln quk uvbksk kc mnlrin uli vkz susmrbn, puks ci mnltlfklmbi blokrklk i ci vbhi mndkrmbic sk mukli klrk cns rbksfns quk hk`k snpnrir kxmcusbvidklk kc kdpckihnr. =.8.8 Zrblmbpbn hk Zrnfrksbvbhih y ln Pkfrksbvbhih kl Ditkrbi Ci`nric7 ]upnlk blklir rkhumbr prnfrksbvidklk kc ksihn hk hkspnsksbýl kl kc quk sk klmuklril cns ri`igihnrks kl kc nrhkl snmbnkmnlýdbmn, bdpnlbklhn i aivnr hk kccns kc iudkln snsklbhn y ulbhbrkmmbnlic hk cns lbvkcks hk ukci gurähbmi kxbsklks, isbdbsdn vkhi nhi pnsb`bcbhih hk rkhummbýl rkfrksbvi hk cis mnlqubsis snmbicks lnrditvidklk icmilzihis ksi`ckmbklhn ul viccihn blkxpufli`ck kl muicqubkr prkklsbýl hk rkrnfrihir cns hkrkmons hk cns ri`igihnrks.- (Irs. 01 hk ci Mnlvklmbýl Idkrbmili sn`rk Hkrkmons Oudilns y 0.9 hkc Zimn Blkrlimbnlic hk cns Hkrkmons Kmnlýdbmns, ]nmbicks y Mucuricks (ZBHK]M). =.8.; Zrblmbpbn hk Ksti`bcbhih Ci`nric7 Bdpnlk quk kc mnlrin hk ri`ign hk`i skr hk hurimbýl mnltlui k blhkkrdblihi mndn furi tpn hk ci rkcimbýl ci`nric y kxbfk quk hurilk nhi su vbfklmbi sk iskfurk ic
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ri`igihnr uli ihkmuihi prnkmmbýl mnlri kc hkspbhn blgustmihn, hk dnhn ic quk âsk tklk hkrkmon i mnlskrvir kc kdpckn dbklris ln sk vkrbqukl mbrmulsilmbis bdpui`cks i âc quk gustqukl su kxmcusbýl. =.8.1 Zrblmbpbn hk @ukli Ak kl ci Pkcimbýl Ci`nric7 Zrblmbpbn pnr kc muic sk kspkri quk mihi uli hk cis pirks im÷k mndn `ukl ri`igihnr y `ukl kdpckihnr ic dndkln hk ci mkck`rimbýl hkc mnlrin, m nlrin, su kgkmumbýl y su kxtlmbýl. =.8.6 Zrblmbpbn hk ci Zrbdimäi hk ci Pkicbhih7 Cns gukmks pukhkl hbmir sus aiccns oimbklhn diynr imnpbn i ci kqubhih y i ci gustmbi, ndilhn kl mukli prbnrbirbidklk cis mbrmulsilmbis prn`ihis kl iuns, mndprn`ihis pnr kc Gukz vbvklmbicdklk, hk hndblbn p÷`cbmn, hk mýdn sk rkfucil y quk riidbkln sk prnpnrmbnli i ispkmns puluicks hk ci rkcimbýl ci`nric. - Kl pnmis pici`ris prkvickmkl cns ispkmns aimtmn-susilmbicks pnr sn`rk cns gurähbmns-anrdicks. =.8.? Zrblmbpbn hk Bltkrâs Z÷`cbmn7 ]k pkrsbfuk ci rilqubcbhih, ksi`bcbhih n`gktvi y kdnmbnlic hk cns mbuhihilns. m buhihilns. =.8.? Zrblmbpbn hk Blhkpklhklmbi hkc ulmbnlirbn Guhbmbic7 Cns gukmks rksncvkrél cns isulns quk mnlnzmil mnl blhkpklhklmbi, `isélhnsk kl cns okmons y kl mnl mnlsnl snlilm ilmbi bi mnl kc hk hkrkmo rkmon, n, sbl rks rksrb rbmmbý mmbýl l icf icfuli uli y sbl bl blukl uklmbi mbis, s, icbmbkl icbmbklks ks,, prksbnlks, idklizis n blrndbsbnlks blhk`bhis, skil hbrkmis n blhbrkmis, hk muicksqubkri skmnrks n pnr muicqubkr dntvn. (G[HBMBIC)
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Mipbtucn BQ Dirmn Dktnhncýfbmn. Ci dknhncnfäi hk ci prksklk blvkstfimbýl sk rkkrk ic tpn hk dânhn quk sk vi i utcbzir y muéc skré ci dilkri kl ci quk sk vil i rkmnpbcir, nrhklir y ilicbzir cns hins n`klbhns mnl ci blvkstfimbýl, skf÷l hins quk sk rkmnpbcirnl y mnlrdirnl kl blstumbnlks quk rkfucil kc kdpckn pnr onri, isä mndn kl blstumbnlks quk dilkgil hins ksihästmns hk kdpckn, hkskdpckn y su`-kdpckn mudpcbklhn mnl kc klanquk hk cns c ns n`gktvns fklkricks y kspkmämns hk ci prksklk blvkstfimbýl. Kc tpn hk dknhncnfäi ks blvkstfitvi piri hkdnsrir quk kc ludkric ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, ic ksi`ckmkr ci kxmkpmbýl quk cbkricdklk hbmk7 –]k kxmkp÷il hk cn hbspuksn kl ksk Irmucn iqukccis¶ lukvis blhusrbis n imtvbhihks kmnlýdbmis muyi liurickzi hk ci imtvbhih kdprksirbic sk `isk kl kdpckn pnr onri, gnrlihi pirmbic n dkhbn tkdpn, misns mndn lukvis imtvbhihks kmlncýfbmis hk mndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnl Mn lim im Mk Mkl lkr kr y n nri riss qu qukk hk hk`k `kl l sk skrr mi micbcbm mih ihis is pn pnrr ci ]k ]kmr mrk kir iräi äi hk Ks Ksi ihn hn kl cn cnss Hkspi Hks pimon monss hk Xri Xri`i `ign gn y ]kf ]kfurb urbhi hih h ]nm ]nmbic bic—— . ]bk ]bklhn lhn ksi ksi hbs hbspns pnsbmbý bmbýl l ul ulii vuclkr vuclkrimb imbýl ýl ic hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ic ksi`ckmkr uli kxmkpmbýl piri quk ln fnmkl hk ksns `klkmbns. Xi`ci hk mnlfruklmbi Ln. = Muihrn 9. Dktnhncnfäi hk ci Blvkstbfimbýl Xkdi iprn`ihn
N`gktbvn hk ci Blvkstbfimbýl N`gktbvn fklkric
Ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk
Ci prkskltk blvkstbfimbýl ksté
–Kvicuir cns sbstkdis hk mnltritimbýl prnpuksti pnr 9.Ilicbzir cns sbstkdis hk
N`gktbvns kspkmbabmns
Kdpckn pnr Onris y su dkgnri kl cns sbstkdis hk mnltritns mndn aimtnr hk kstäducn piri ci fklkrimbýl hk kdpckns kl kc skmtnr skrvbmbnnss hk rkstiuriltks
klmidblihi i kvicuir ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onris, hkshk ul klanquk hk ci vuclkri`bcbhih y ksti`bcbhih ci`nric, kstuhbilhn kc bdpimtn hkc Zrnfridi mndn aimtnr hk ksti`bcbhih ci`nric piri cns tri`igihnrks mndn ci prblmbpic prn`ckdétbmi. Kc ilécbsbs sk oiré kl cis kdprksis hk skrvbmbns hk mndbhi (rkstiuriltks), hihi su mirimtkrästbmi hk icti mnltritimbýl hk rkmursn oudiln
ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onris kl kc skmtnr hk ]krvbmbns hk Pkstiuriltks piri vicnrir sb kxbstk, dkgnri kl cis mnltritimbnlks n vuclkrimbýl, blmudpcbdbkltn hk hkrkmons y pârhbhi hk ci ksti`bcbhih ci`nric kl cns mkltrns hk tri`ign y su tutkci kl cns trb`ulicks hk ci rkp÷`cbmi.—
mnltritimbýl prnpuksti pnr ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onris, imnfbhi pnr cis kdprksis hk ]krvbmbns hk Pkstiuriltk piri ci mrkimbýl hk lukvns pukstns hk tri`ign. 0.Hkdnstrir kc älhbmk hk vbncimbýl k blmudpcbdbkltn hk cns hkrkmons ci`nricks kl cis kdprksis hk ]krvbmbns hk Pkstiuriltk kl kc Hbstrbtn Mkltric. =.Hktkrdblir sb cis rksncumbnlks aivnri`cks i cns tri`igihnrks mnltritihns `ign kc prnfridi limbnlic hk kdpckn pnr onri kdbtbhis pnr cns trb`ulicks skltirnl gurbspruhklmbi kl aivnr hkc tri`ign hk ci dnhicbhih pnr onri
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8.9 Klnquk hk ci Blvksfimbýl. Ci prksklk blvkstfimbýl klhré ul klanquk muicbitvn ln kxpkrbdklic y kxpcnrinrbn puks sk blvkstfiré kc bdpimn hk ci Cky y Zrnfridi hk kdpckn pnr onri kl ci fklkrimbýl hk lukvns kdpckns hklrn hkc dirmn hk cn kstpucihn kl kc hkmrkn 0=:-0:9: y ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri vbfklk. ]kri hk mirémkr kxpcnrinrbn, pnrquk sk blhifiré kc bdpimn hkc prnfridi, hurilk kc pkränhn mndprklhbhn klrk 0:0: ic 0:09, kl kc Hbsrbn Mklric, skf÷l cns hins n`klbhns pnr pirk hk ci ]kmrkiräi hkc Xri`ign mnl rkcimbýl ic kdpckn pnr onri. Ksi blvkstfimbýl sk rkicbzý mnl ci rkmnpbcimbýl hk blanrdimbýl y hins prnpnrmbnlihns kl ci ]kmrkiräi hkc Xri`ign hk Xkfumbficpi, ci muic sbrvbý piri mnlnmkr ci milthih hk kdprksis rkfbsrihis `ign ksi dnhicbhih, isä mndn ci milthih hk mnlrins susmrbns hkc 0:0: ic 0:09. 8.0 Xbpn hk Blvks Blvksfimbý fimbýl. l. Ziri rkicbzir ksi blvkstfimbýl sk obzn usn hkc tpn hk blvkstfimbýl gurähbmn-hnmudklic, yi quk ci blanrdimbýl sk n`uvn hk hnmudklns obsýrbmns cns muicks iyuhkl i mndprklhkr kc aklýdkln obsýrbmn. (Zkrkbri 0::8.). ksii blv blvkst kstfi fimbý mbýl l sk ili ilicbzý cbzý ci prn prn`ck `ckdé détmi tmi quk oi vkl vklbhn bhn sns snskl klbkl bklhn hn kc skm skmnr nr Kl ks kdprksirbic dkhbilk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri hkshk su iprn`imbýl i ci imuicbhih, sb oi skrvbhn piri andklir ci mrkimbýl hk lukvis pcizis n ln. ]k ilicbzý cns prn`ckdis i cns quk sk oil klarklihn y sb ks vbncinrbi hk hkrkmons, cis gnrlihis hk ri`ign, kc pifn kakmtvn hk onris kxris, kc id`bklk ci`nric kl cis kdprksis y cn rkcimbnlihn i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric mndn ci prblmbpic prn`ckdétmi. Isä dbsdn, sk bdpckdklý uli fuäi hk rkmndklhimbnlks n sufkrk suf krklmbi lmbiss quk puk pukhkl hkl skr skrvbr vbr i cns ri ri`ig `igihn ihnrks rks i ks ksir ir ik ikln lnss il ilk k uli kvk kvklu luic ic vuclkrimbýl hk sus hkrkmons y i su ksi`bcbhih ci`nric pnr cis kdprksis quk mnlriil `ign ksi dnhicbhih. 8.= Hbskù Hbskùn n hk ci Blvksfimbý Blvksfimbýl l Ci rkmnckmmbýl hk ci blanrdimbýl sk obzn i rivâs hk auklks ]kmulhirbis, dkhbilk ci rkvbsbýl hk ksuhbns rkicbzihns pnr blstumbnlks mndn ci ]kmrkiräi hk Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic (]X]]) kl mnlguln mnl Kc Mnlskgn Onlhurkùn hk ci Kdprksi Zrbvihi (MNOKZ) y kc
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Blstu Blst un n Li Limbn mbnli licc hk Ks Ksi ihä häst stmi miss (B (BLK) LK),, is isää db dbsd sdns ns hk cbcb`r `rns ns n` n`k klb lbhn hnss hk ir irmo mobv bvn n kckmrýlbmns. Ziri ksi blvkstfimbýl sk obzn usn hkc klanquk kl kc hbskùn ln kxpkrbdklic, yi quk kl ksk sk rkicbzi ci blvkstfimbýl sbl dilbpucir cis virbi`cks. (]idpbkrk 0::=). Kl ksi blvkstfimbýl sk tklk mndn virbi`ck ci kxmcusbýl ksi`ckmbhi kl kc ludkric ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri vbfklk, ci muic ksi`ckmk quk s k kxmkp÷il hk cn hbspuk hbs puksn sn kl ks kskk Ir Irmuc mucn n iq iqukc ukccis cis luk lukvis vis blh blhus usrbi rbiss n imt imtvbh vbhih ihks ks kmn kmnlýd lýdbmi bmiss muy muyii liurickzi hk ci imtvbhih kdprksirbic sk `isk kl kdpckn pnr onri, gnrlihi pirmbic n dkhbn tkdpn, misns mndn lukvis imtvbhihks kmlncýfbmis hk mndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnl Mn lim im Mk Mkl lkr kr y n nri riss qu qukk hk hk`k `kl l sk skrr mi micbcbm mih ihis is pn pnrr ci ]k ]kmr mrk kir iräi äi hk Ks Ksi ihn hn kl cn cnss Hkspimons hk Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic, ]nmbic, vbncklilhn kc hkrkmon i ksns ri`igihnrks i pnhkr mnlir mnl uli pcizi pkrdilklk k bfuichih hk mnlhbmbnlks. Kl vbsi hk quk ks uli lnrditvi ckfic ksi ln sk pukhk mid`bir, ickrir n rilsfrkhbr, ln sk pukhk blkrakrbr kl ci virbi`ck.
8.8 Zn`cimbýl, Dukstri y Dukstrkn. Ziri ksi skmmbýl sk utcbzý ci iyuhi hkc dânhn rilskmmbnlic hksmrbptvn, yi quk mndn cn hbmk hbmk su mn mnlm lmkp kpn n ks ksk k `usm `usmii bl blhi hifi firr cis cis vi virb rbi` i`ck cks, s, ks ksn nss ks ksu uhb hbns ns sn snl l puri puridk dkl lkk hksmrbptvns. (Dknhncnfbi hk ci Blvkstfimbnl). Ri quk ci ]kmrkiräi hk Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic (]X]]) ln mukli mnl uli ksihästmi kximi hkc l÷dkrn nic hk ri`igihnrks mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih hk kdpckn pnr onri, isä mndn cis kdprksis pnr ru`rn y skmnr, kspkmämidklk iqukccis mnlkdpcihis kl kc ludkric ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, sk `usmý ksi`ckmkr ci rkcimbýl hk ci virbi`ck mnl kc hkrkmon vuclkrihn. Ziri ksn auk ksklmbic oimkr uli rkmnpbcimbýl hk ci lnrditvi blkrli piri vkrbmir kc prn`ckdi kxbsklk y muicqubkr nri cky quk sbrvi mndn auklk, yi quk ks lkmksirbn mnlnmkr hk hýlhk sk nrbfbli kc prn`ckdi piri prnmkhkr i ci blvkstfimbýl.
1=
8.; Aukltks hk Blnrdimbýl. Ziri ci kgkmumbýl hk ci prksklk blvkstfimbýl sk oiré usn hk auklks prbdirbis mndn skr ci prnpbi Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi, kl su irmucn 902, ihkdés, kc prblmbpbn hk ksi`bcbhih ci`n ci `nri ricc qu qukk ks ul hk hkrk rkmo mon n ou oudi diln ln qu qukk ks ksé é pr prn nkf kfbh bhn n ul ulbvk bvkrs rsic icdk dkl lkk pn pnrr vi virb rbns ns blsru bls rudkl dklns ns ckf ckfick ickss mnd mndn n ci Hkm Hkmcir cirimb imbýl ýl [lb [lbvkr vkrsi sicc hk cns Hk Hkrkm rkmons ons Oud Oudil ilns, ns, kl sus ludkricks 9, 0 y = hkc irmucn 0=5 kc Zimn Blkrlimbnlic hk cns Hkrkmons Kmnlýdbmns, ]nmbicks y Mucuricks, kl su irmucn 65 y kl kc Zrnnmncn Aimucitvn hk ]il ]icvihnr, kl su irmucn 6.
8.1 Blstrudkltn hk Blvksfimbýl. ]k oiré usn hkc ilécbsbs hnmudklic, kl vbsi quk ksk prn`ckdi hk kxmcusbýl n kxmkpmbýl sn`rk ci ln mnlriimbýl hk pcizis pkrdilklks hkspuâs hk cns = iùns hk ci`nrir kl cis kdprksis, quk suarkl cns ri`igihnrks iqukccis mnlkdpcihis kl kc ludkric ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, Onri , ksé rkkgihn kl cis ksihästmis quk dirmil cns hbakrklks piäsks i lbvkc limbnlic k blkrlimbnlic, pnr cn iln, sk suskliré mnl blanrdimbýl ndihi hk id`is lnrditvis, isä mndn hk klmbmcnpkhbis quk lns duksrkl hins k obsnrbis, hnmrbli hk dilkri fklkric, npblbnlks hk nrfilbzimbnlks n`rkris y sblhbmicks pnr dkhbn hk péfblis wk`, y sn`rk nhn ci npblbýl hkc blvkstfihnr kl muiln ic prn`ckdi pcilkihn.
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Mipbtucn Q Ilécbsbs hk Pksuctihns ;.0 Iléc Ilécbsbs bsbs hkc Dirmn Xkýrbmn. Xkýrbmn. Kc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ksé cbfihn i ci mnltlubhih hkc ri`igihnr kl kc kdpckn quk hkskdpkùi y i ci firili hk mnlskrvir kc dbsdn sbl quk pukhi skr hkspkhbhn hkc dbsdn sbl cis firilis prkvbsis kl ci cky. Ci cky rkfuci pkrakmidklk cis blhkdlbzimbnlks pnr hkspbhn, cis mnlhbmbnlks hk ârdbln hk ci rkcimbýl ci`nric, isä mndn cns misns hk hkspbhn blgustmih blgus tmihn. n. Cns hkrkmons ci`nricks ci`nricks ksél mnlsn mnlsncbhih cbhihns ns kl luks luksrn rn piäs i riv rivâs âs hk ci cky. ]bl kd`irfn, kl Onlhuris cis mbaris hk mnlriimbnlks snl kdpnricks, i tkdpn pirmbic n pnr onri, isä quk ksidns mnl uli ksi`bcbhih rkcitvi.
[li kdprksi quk sk mirimkrbmk pnr uli `igi ksi`bcbhih, kl prbdkr cufir, ln irikré ickln, pkrn, kl skfulhn cufir, idpnmn cn rkklhré lb cnfriré quk sus ri`igihnrks cckfukl i dilklkr ul välmucn hk mndprndbsn k bhklthih mnl kcci. Znr klhk, ic ksir mnlkdpcihn ci firili hk ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric kl luksri Mnlstumbýl hk ci rkp÷`cbmi kl su irmucn 902 ks ul hkrkmon mnlstumbnlic kc muic ksi ipkfihn i ci hbflbhih oudili, oudili, mnlsbhkrélhncn mndn ul hkrkmon hkrkmon aulhidklic. Ks n`cbfimbýl hkc ksihn vkci vk cirr pn pnrq rquk uk mi mihi hi ul uln n hk cn cnss r ri` i`ig igih ihnr nrks ks hk hb hbst stl lns ns sk skm mnr nrks ks ks kspk pkmb mbic icdk dkl lkk cn cnss mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri, pukhil fnzir hk ksi firili y hk ksi dilkri iskfurir su ksi`bcbhih kmnlýdbmi kl kc auurn.
;.0 Ilécbsbs hkc Dirmn Obstýrbmn Ziri kc ilécbsbs k blkrprkimbýl hkc dirmn obsýrbmn, skfubrkdns kl pirk i cns sbfubklks iunrk iu nrks7 s7 ]kf ]kf÷l ÷l ]nm ]nmnrr nrrn n (0: (0::1) :1) ci ks ksi`b i`bcbh cbhih ih ci` ci`nri nricc hk` hk`krä kräii skr kl klklh klhbhi bhi mnd mndn n ci rkspnlsi`bcbhih mndpirthi quk pnskk iln kc pirnln mndn kc kdpckihn n kc milhbhin m ilhbhin hk iskfurir su pirtmbpimbýl kakmtvi kl kc id`bklk ci`nric dbklris id`is pirks firiltmkl ci ihbmmbýl hk vicnr i cns prnmksns, prnhumns n skrvbmbns quk fklkrkl u narkzmil. Ks pnr kccn pnr cn quk, ic cnfrir icmilzir ksk lbvkc hk sitsaimmbýl, kc blhbvbhun pukhk cckfir i klkr uli dkgnr mnlhbmbýl hk vbhi pnrquk ksiräi cnfrilhn mu`rbr dumons rkqukrbdbklns y cukfn pisiräi i ksmicir nrns quk ck pkrdbil skfubr mrkmbklhn oisi cnfrir supkrirsk. ((0::1))
1;
Ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric mnlsbsk kl kc hkrkmon quk ul ri`igihnr tklk i mnlskrvir su puksn blhklbhidklk, hk ln blmurrbr kl aicis prkvbidklk hkkrdblihi. ]kf÷l ]nmnrrn (0::1) ci hklk mndn kc hkrkmon hkc ri`igihnr i mnlskrvir su puksn hurilk nhi ci vbhi ci`nric, c i`nric, ln puhbkl puh bklhn hn skr hkm hkmcir cirih ihn n mks mksil ilkk il ilks ks qu qukk ih ihqub qubkri kri ci gu` gu`bci bcimbý mbýl, l, i ln skr pnr miusi ixitvidklk hkkrdblihi. hkkrdblihi. Znr su pirk, Znsk (0::;), kxpcbmi quk ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric, i ci skfurbhih quk pkrmb`k kc blhbvbhun hk pkrdilkmkr pnr ul tkdpn hkkrdblihn, mudpcbklhn cis lnrdis ksi`ckmbhis, kl uli nrfilbzimbýl. Ci ksi`bcbhih sk hkkrdbli kl hns ispkmns, kc kmnlýdbmn y kc ci`nric piri kc ri`igihnr. (0::;) ri`igihnr. (0::;)
I lbvkc dulhbic, ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric firiltzi i nhns cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns pnr Onri n, i tkdpn pirmbic, sus blfrksns kl anrdi hbrkmi, cn quk ks dkhbn blhbspklsi`ck hk sitsaimmbýl hk lkmksbhihks hkc l÷mckn aidbcbir, firiltzi cns blfrksns hk ci kdprksi, pnr muiln ul pkrsnlic ihbksrihn y kxpkrn, ic dbsdn tkdpn blkfrihn y mnl ci dästmi oimbi ci kdprksi, `rblhiré älhbmks sitsaimnrbns hk prnhummbýl y prnhumtvbhih, rkhulhilhn ln sncn kl `kl `klkm kmbn bn hkc ri ri`i `igih gihnr nr y hkc kdp kdpcki ckihnr hnr,, sbl sbln n i id`b d`bâl âl hkc hks hksirr irrncc nccn n nrf nrfélb élbmnmnkmnlýdbmn-snmbic, mnl cnfrns i ci n`klmbýl hk ci irdnläi, ci piz snmbic y ci`nric. Ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric tklhk i nnrfir ul mirémkr pkrdilklk i ci rkcimbýl hk ri`ign, hnlhk ci hbsncumbýl hkc välmucn ci`nric hkpklhk ÷lbmidklk hk ci vnculih hkc ri`igihnr y sýcn pnr kxmkpmbýl hk ci hkc kdpckihnr n hk cis miusis quk oifil bdpnsb`ck su mnltluimbýl, hk ci quk sk hksprklhk quk ci ksi`bcbhih mnlstuyk ul hkrkmon piri kc ri`igihnr quk, pnr supuksn, ck kxbfk kc mudpcbdbkln hk cis n`cbfimbnlks bldkrsis i ci liurickzi hkc mnlrin hk ri`ign. Ln mnlstuyk ul hkrkmon hkc kdpckihnr pnrquk sbflbmiräi rknrlir i kipis supkrihis hk ri`ign anrznsn. Kl nris pici`ris, ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric hk`kräi skr klklhbhi mndn ci rkspnlsi`bcbhih mndpirthi quk pnskk iln kc pirnln mndn kc kdpckihn n kc milhbhin hk iskfurir su pirtmbpimbýl kakmtvi kl kc id`bklk ci`nric dbklris id`is pirks firiltmkl ci ihbmbýl hk vicnr i cns prnmksns, prnhumns n skrvbmbns quk narkzmil n fklkrkl.
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Oimk iprnxbdihidklk 9: iùns quk sk iprn`ý kc Zrnfridi y Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri kl Onlhuris y ks cidkli`ck quk i ci akmoi dumons skmnrks hk ri`igihnrks mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri iul ln muklil mnl ksi prnkmmbýl y ksél kxmcubhns kl ksi Cky vbfklk ic ks kc misn hk cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns kl cis kdprksis ksi`ckmbhis y kxmcubhis kl kc ludkric ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, cn quk sk mnlvbkrk kl uli vbncimbýl i uln hk cns hkrkmons aulhidklicks hk cis y cns ri`igihnrks ksi`ckmbhn kl luksri Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi. [ln hk cns prblmbpbns hk ksi blvkstfimbýl ks kc hk ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric, kc muic bdpnlk quk kc mnlrin hk ri`ign hk`i skr hk hurimbýl mnltlui k blhkkrdblihi mndn furi tpn hk ci rkcimbýl ci`nric y kxbfk quk hurilk nhi su vbfklmbi sk iskfurk ic ri`igihnr uli ihkmuihi prnkmmbýl mnlri kc hkspbhn blgustmihn, hk dnhn ic quk âsk tklk hkrkmon i mnlskrvir kc kdpckn dbklris ln sk vkrbqukl mbrmulsilmbis bdpui`cks i âc quk gustqukl su kxmcusbýl. Kxmcubr i ksis kdprksis hk fnzir hkc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ks bloudiln yi quk ks rkspnlsi`bcbhih hkc Ksihn vkcir pnr ci ksi`bcbhih, prnkmmbýl y kc `bklksir hk ci pn`cimbýl kl fklkric.
;.= Ilécbsbs hkc Dirmn Mnlmkptuic. Kc dirmn mnlmkpuic ks hk aulhidklic bdpnrilmbi yi quk ksk rkspichi ci blvkstfimbýl kl nhn su mnlkxn. Zuks kl ksk mipäucn sk imnfk nhi ci hnmrbli lkmksirbi quk iyuhiri ic blvkstfihnr i rkspichir ci obpýksbs quk sk oi pcilkihn. Kc dirmn mnlmkpuic ks ci rkmnpbcimbýl hk cns mnlmkpns hk ci blvkstfimbýl y cis pnsb`cks virbi`cks y dknhncnfäi quk sk riiril.
;.; Iléc Ilécbsbs bsbs hkc l÷dkrn l÷dkrn hk Kdprksis kl Onlhuris Onlhuris y kl kc Hbstrbtn Hbstrbtn Mkltric Ihokrbh Ihokrbhis is i Ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onri.
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]kf÷l mnlrncks hk ci ]kmrkiräi hk Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic (]X]]), hkc 0:0: i nmu`rk hkc 0:09, rkfbsri ci blanrdimbýl hk ci milthih hk kdprksis ihokrbhis i ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onri (ZPNLKO)7 ;.1 Xi`ci hk mnlfruklmbi Ln. 8 Ln Zkrsnlis Gurähbmis . Lukvns mnl mnlrins Pkmnlriimbnlks blsmrbis 9 02,?:1 ;9,:88 0;2 0 =1,101 ?0,2=: 0;2 (Muihrn Kci`nrihn pnr diksrilk @kcblhi Ksmn`kr)
Xnic, kl Onlhuris ?:,?;: 992,;;1
Hbsrbn Mk Mklric Iùn ;,112 0:0: ;,112 0:09
—
;.9=
Kdpckns Kdpck ns Fklkrih Fklkrihns ns pnr pnr kc ]kmtn ]kmtnrr Zrbvihn Zrbvihn i trivâ trivâss hk Akrbi Akrbiss hk Kdpck Kdpckn n y Mnltrit Mnltritns ns
hk Kdpckn pnr Onri.
1?
;.98 ;.98
Dkrm Dk rmih ihn n Ci`n Ci`nri ricc Onl Onlhu hurk rkùn ùn
Mndn sk oi vklbhn dklmbnlilhn kl pérrians ilkrbnrks, ci mnlgulmbýl hk cns kakmns hkc MNQBH-92 y hk cns ourimilks KXI k BNXI quk iakmý ic piäs hkc :9 ic 91 hk lnvbkd`rk hk 0:0:, 0:0 :, bdp bdpim imý ý hk anr anrdi di hbr hbrkm kmii kl ci kmn kmnlnd lndäi äi y kc dkr dkrmih mihn n ci` ci`nri nricc onl onlhu hurkù rkùn. n. Ci Kmnlndäi klrý kl uli mnlrimmbýl sbl prkmkhklks y kc dkrmihn ci`nric suarbý kc dbsdn kakmn, ris kc mnllidbkln hk ci pn`cimbýl y hk ci aukrzi hk ri`ign pnr ci pilhkdbi. Ic cb`krir piucitlidklk ci kmnlndäi, kc dkrmihn ci`nric sk oi vbsn siurihn hk aukrzi hk ri`ign quk `usmi hkskspkrihidklk ul puksn hk ri`ign, prblmbpicdklk kl kc skmnr prbvihn7 ;.? Xi`ci hk mnlfruklmbi Ln. ;
;.9; ;.9 ;
Xisii hk Zir Xis Zirmbp mbpimb imbýl, ýl, Kdpc Kdpckn, kn, Hksk Hkskdpc dpckn kn y ]u`k ]u`kdpc dpckn kn.
Ci siurimbýl hkc dkrmihn ci`nric oi blmrkdklihn cns blhbmihnrks quk snl dés mndulks y quk blkrvbklkl kl kc dkrmihn ci`nric mnl uli isi hk pirtmbpimbýl hk ;2.8% kl 0:0: y ;6.=% kl 0:92. Ci pirtmbpimbýl kl kc dkrmihn ci`nric auk dés aivnri`ck piri cns ond`rks quk piri cis dugkrks. Isä kc hkskdpckn kl 0:0: hk cns ond`rks auk hk ?.6% y kc hk cis
12
dugkrks auk hk 9=.6%, kl il dugkrks iln n kc hkskdpckn hkskdpckn i`bkrn hk nhi ci aukrzi hk ri` ri`ign ign hkc piäs auk hk ;.6% kl 0:92 y 9:.2% kl 0:0:. ]bl kd`irfn, kl ci pn`cimbýl gnvkl klrk 92 i 08 iùns ci isi hk hkskdpckn i`bkrn kl 0:0: auk hk 92.:%, y 90.0% kl 0:92 y kl ci pn`cimbýl ihuci klrk 8; i ;2 iùns, ksi isi pisý hk 0.8% kl 0:92 i ;.6% kl 0:0:. Kl kc misn hk su`kdpckn, ksk pisý hk 1:.1% kl 0:92 y 6:.1% kl 0:0:. Cn ilkrbnr blhbmi quk cns kakmns hk ci pilhkdbi y cns ourimilks KXI k BNXI, oil prnvnmihn uli hbsdblumbýl kl ci fklkrimbýl hk kdpckn hkmklk y oi iudklihn ci fklkrimbýl hk su`kdpckn, kdpckn prkmirbn k blanrdicbhih. Znr su pirk, cns prn`ckdis hk kdpckn kl cis khihks kdprilis hk ci pn`cimbýl prnhumtvi (gývklks klrk 9; y 02 iùns), id`bâl iudklirnl kl 0:0: rkspkmn ic 0:92, ic pisir hk 10.8% kl 0:92 i 60.1% kl 0:0:, ks hkmbr 2.?% dés kl 0:0:. Ci milthih hk pkrsnlis quk pkrklkmkl i ci aukrzi ci`nric hk Onlhuris sk rkhugn kl 0:0: mnl rkspkmn i 0:92 kl 991,?16 pkrsnlis, prn`i`ckdklk, hk`bhn ic ugn hk pkrsnlis quk kdbfrirnl oimbi Fuikdici, Dâxbmn y i cns Ksihns [lbhns (vâisk ilkxn 6 y 6I). Kc hkskdpckn y su`kdpckn ks ci prblmbpic prknmupimbýl hk cis iunrbhihks limbnlicks y hk cns anrducihnrks hk pncätmis p÷`cbmis hk kdpckn, yi quk sk lkmksbi quk ci kmnlndäi mrkzmi dés répbhidklk y mnl diynr blmcusbýl y snsklb`bcbhih piri bdpimir kl cns lbvkcks hk blfrksns hk ci pn`cimbýl, pnr ci c i blmnrpnrimbýl hk pn`cimbýl ic dkrmihn ci`nric y fklkrir dés puksns hk ri`ign hkmklk y/n anrdic quk prnpbmbkl dkgnrks mnlhbmbnlks hk vbhi piri ci pn`cimbýl kl khih hk ri`igir y piri ci pn`cimbýl kl fklkric. (Zncbtmi fklkric. (Zncbtmi Limbnlic Kdpckn kl Onlhuris) ;.91
Ilécbsbs hkc Dirmn Mnltkxtuic
Zkrdbk bhkltmir kc prn`ckdi kl su mnlkxn, ksuhbilhn kc id`bklk n cufir kl quk sk nrbfbli n u`bmi kc aklýdkln hk ci blvkstfimbýl, iyuhilhn ic blvkstfihnr i bhkltmir ci znli hk bluklmbi kl ci blvkstfimbýl. Isbdbsdn, kc dirmn mnlkxuic sbrvk hk piui ic blvkstfihnr i blhifir sb nrns iunrks oil blvkst blv kstfih fihn n sn` sn`rk rk kc k kdi di y cns pnsb` pnsb`cks cks dânh dânhns ns y âm âmlbm lbmis is hk blv blvkst kstfi fimbý mbýl l quk sk utcbzirnl.
6:
Kl ksk misn blvkstfir kc prn`ckdi quk fklkri ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, cns hkrkmons quk sk cks vbncklil i ksns ri`igihnrks `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri, sbklhn ci blksi`bcbhih ci`nric kc prn`ckdi prblmbpic. ;.96
Ilécbsbs hkc Dirmn Ckfic
Ic oi`cir hk hkrkmon mndpirihn pnhkdns hkmbr quk sbrvk ic blvkstfihnr piri mndprklhkr cns pulns hk vbsi hk cns hbakrklks sbskdis gurähbmns ipcbmihns. Cis sncumbnlks quk sk hil ic prn`ckdi klbklhn ul mrbkrbn hbakrklk hk mihi ckfbscimbýl ksuhbihi. Kc dirmn ckfic gukfi ul pipk pipkcc bdpnr bdpnril ilkk mndn dânhn n âmlbmi âmlbmi hk blvkstfi blvkstfimbýl, mbýl, kc muic pkrdbk kdpckirsk kl cis hbakrklks érkis hkc hkrkmon, yi quk iyuhi i `usmir uli sncumbýl, yi ski kl ci ckfbscimbýl c kfbscimbýl kxrilgkri mndn kl ci ckfbscimbýl limbnlic. Zirtklhn hk ci kxmkpmbýl quk sk cks oimk i cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri ksi`ckmbhi kl kc ludkric ; hkc irmucn 90 hkc Mýhbfn hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri vbfklk quk ks hnlhk limk kc prn`ckdi, hk`bhn ic irnpkccn hk su hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric. ;.9? ;.9?
Iléc Il écbs bsbs bs hk ci Ln Lnrd rdi ivi vi Bl Bltk tkrl rlii
Ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkpu`cbmi Pk pu`cbmi hk Onlhuris, firiltzi i nhns cns ri`igihnrks kc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric, y ic bfuic quk ci lnrditvi blkrlimbnlic ksi`ckmk quk ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ks ul `bkl prnkfbhn pnr ci Hkmcirimbýl [lbvkrsic hk Hkrkmons Oudilns y cns mnlvklbns blkrlimbnlicks, sbklhn ul hkrkmon aulhidklic blokrklk hk cis pkrsnlis, hk ksrbmn mudpcbdbkln. Ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri sk qukhi ul pnmn mnri ic oimkr cis kxmkpmbnlks hk icfulns skmnrks hkgélhncns nicdklk hksprnkfbhns, ic ks kc misn hk cns ri`igihnrks hk cns skmnrks ksi`ckmbhns kl kc ludkric ; irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, kc muic rksrblfk i ksis kdprksis i cckfir i klkr ul puksn hk ri`ign pkrdilklk hkspuâs hk cns = iùns hk ci prksimbýl hk sus skrvbmbns.
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]bl huhi ks uli kxmcusbýl hbsmrbdblitvi ci quk sk oimk, yi quk, sb ci mnlstumbýl firiltzi ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric hk cns ri`igihnrks y quk kc skr oudiln tklk hkrkmon i mnlir mnl ul ri`i ri `ign gn hbf hbfln ln sbl hbs hbsmrb mrbdbl dblimb imbýl, ýl, ks ksis is fi firil rilis is ln sk ksél ksél mudpcb mudpcbklh klhn n y sk ks ksél él vuclkrilhn cns hkrkmons i ksns ri`igihnrks. ;.92 2 ;.9
Ilécb Il écbsbs sbs Gur Gurähb ähbmn mn hk hk ci ci Lnrdi Lnrdivi vi Blt Bltkrl krlimb imbnli nlicc
Kl ci lnr lnrdit ditvi vi bl blkrl krlimb imbnli nlicc ili ilicbz cbzihi ihi pnh pnhkdn kdnss vkr quk mnl mnli idns dns mnl uli skr skrbk bk hk hkmcirimbnl hkmci rimbnlks, ks, pim pimns, ns, mnlvk mnlvklmbnl lmbnlks ks y ri riihn ihnss blkr blkrlimbn limbnlicks licks,, cns muick muickss ksi ksi`ckmkl `ckmkl ci n`cbfinrbkhih hk quk cis pkrsnlis hk`kl mnlir mnl ul ri`ign ksi`ck, sbl hbstlmbýl lb hksbfuichihks, quk cks `rblhk y cks firiltmk prnkmmbýl i kccns y i sus aidbcbis. Kc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric sk hk`k vkr hkshk hbakrklks éd`bns yi quk ks ul hkrkmon oudiln, snmbic, kmnlýdbmn y pncätmn kl vbruh hk quk ksk tklk uli bdpnrilk rkpkrmusbýl sbflbmitvi kl nhns cns skmnrks ci`nricks hk ci snmbkhih. Cis nrfilbzimbnlks blkrlimbnlicks vkcil pnrquk sk mudpcil cn pimihn kl cis dbsdis yi quk kc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ks ul hkrkmon blokrklk i ci pkrsnli, kc muic prnkfk hkc hkskdpckn i cns ri`igihnrks. Ci Hkmcirimbýl [lbvkrsic hk Hkrkmons Oudilns kl su irmucn 0= kl sus ludkricks 9, 0 y = =,, ksi`ckmk ksi `ckmk quk nhi pkrs pkrsnli nli tklk hkrkmon ic ri`ign, ri`ign, i ci cb`rk kckmmbý kckmmbýl l hk su ri` ri`ign, ign, i mnlhbmbnlks kqubitvis y sitsaimnrbis hk ri`ign y i ci prnkmmbýl mnlri kc hkskdpckn, nhi pkrsnli tklk hkrkmon, sbl hbsmrbdblimbýl icfuli, i bfuic sicirbn pnr ri`ign bfuic y quk nhi pkrsnli quk ri`igi tklk hkrkmon i uli rkdulkrimbýl kqubitvi y sitsaimnrbi, quk ck iskfurk, isä mndn i su aidbcbi, uli kxbsklmbi mnlanrdk i ci hbflbhih oudili y quk skré mndpckihi, kl misn lkmksirbn, pnr muicksqubkri nrns dkhbns hk prnkmmbýl snmbic. [ln hk cns prnlulmbidbklns hk ci NBX oi sbhn cumoir mnlri nhn tpn hk hbsmrbdblimbýl, kl cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns pnr onri n i tkdpn pirmbic kl cns piäsks, yi quk hk`k kxbstr bfuichih hk hkrkmons klrk cns skmnrks hk ri`igihnrks sbl bdpnrir kc skxn, rizi, n mcisk snmbic, ic y mndn cn ksi`ckmk ci mnlstumbýl nhns sndns bfuicks ilk ci cky, y klkdns cns dbsdns hkrkmons y n`cbfimbnlks.
60
;.0: ;.0:
Ilécb Il écbsbs sbs hkc Zimtn Zimtn Bl Bltkr tkrlim limbnl bnlic ic hk cns Hkrkmons Hkrkmons Kmnlýd Kmnlýdbmn bmns, s, ]nmbick ]nmbickss y Mucturic Mucturicks ks
(ZBHK]M), Kc Zrntnmncn Aimuctivn hk ]il ]icvihnr y ci Mnlvklmbýl piri Kcbdblir Xnhis cis Anrdis hk Hbsmrbdblimbýl Mnltri ci Dugkr (MKHIV). Kc prblmbpbn hk ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ks ul hkrkmon oudiln quk ksé prnkfbhn ulbvkrsicdklk pnr kc Zimtn Bltkrlimbnlic hk cns Hkrkmons Kmnlýdbmns, ]nmbicks y Mucturicks (ZBHK]M) kl (ZBHK]M) kl su irmucn 6, ksi`ckmbklhn quk, Cns Ksihns Zirks kl kc prksklk Zimn rkmnlnmkl kc hkrkmon hk nh nhii pkr pkrsnl snlii ic fn fnmk mk hk mnl mnlhbm hbmbnl bnlks ks hk ri ri`ig `ign n kqu kqubi bitvi tviss y si sitsa tsaim imnrb nrbis is quk ck iskfur isk furkl kl kl ksp kspkmbi kmbic,c, uli rkd rkdulk ulkrim rimbýl býl quk prn prnpnr pnrmbn mbnlk lk mnd mndn n däl dälbdn bdn i nh nhns ns cns ri`igihnrks, ul sicirbn kqubitvn k bfuic pnr ri`ign hk bfuic vicnr, sbl hbstlmbnlks hk lblfuli kspkmbk5 kl pirtmucir, hk`k iskfurirsk i cis dugkrks mnlhbmbnlks hk ri`ign ln blakrbnrks i cis hk cns ond`rks, mnl sicirbn bfuic pnr ri`ign bfuic5 mnlhbmbnlks hk kxbsklmbi hbflis piri kccns y piri sus aidbcbis mnlanrdk i cis hbspnsbmbnlks hkc prksklk Zimn, Ci skfurbhih y ci obfbklk kl kc ri`ign, bfuic npnrulbhih piri nhns hk skr prndnvbhns, hklrn hk su ri`ign, i ci mikfnräi supkrbnr quk cks mnrrkspnlhi, sbl dés mnlsbhkrimbnlks quk cns aimnrks hk tkdpn hk skrvbmbn y mipimbhih y ic hksmilsn, kc hbsaruk hkc tkdpn cb`rk, ci cbdbimbýl riznli`ck hk cis onris hk ri`ign y cis vimimbnlks pkrbýhbmis pifihis, isä mndn ci rkdulkrimbýl hk cns häis akstvns. Kc Zrntnmncn Aimuctivn hk ]il ]icvihnr ]icvihnr,, kl su irmucn 65 y ci Mnlvklmbýl piri Kcbdblir nhis cis Anrdis hk Hbsmrbdblimbýl mnlri ci Dugkr (MKHIV), irmucn 99 kl kc blmbsn –M—, kc muic ksi`ckmk quk, Cns Ksihns Zirks ihnpirél nhis cis dkhbhis iprnpbihis piri kcbdblir ci hbsmrbdblimbýl mnlri ci dugkr, i l hk iskfurirck ci bfuichih hk hkrkmons mnl kc ond`rk kl ci ksakri hk ci khumimbýl y kl pirtmucir piri iskfurir, kl mnlhbmbnlks hk bfuichih klrk ond`rks y dugkrks7 blmbsn m) Ci kcbdblimbýl hk nhn mnlmkpn kskrkntpihn hk cns pipkcks dismucbln y akdklbln kl nhns cns lbvkcks y kl nhis cis anrdis hk klskùilzi, dkhbilk kc ksducn hk ci khumimbýl dbxi y hk nrns tpns hk kh khum umim imbý býl l qu qukk mn mnl lrb rb`u `uyi yil l i cn cnfr frir ir ks ksk k n` n`gk gktv tvn n y, kl pi pirt rtmu muci cir, r, dk dkhb hbil ilk k ci dnhbmi dnh bmimbý mbýl l hk cns cb` cb`rns rns y prn prnfri fridi diss ksm ksmnci ncirks rks y ci ihi ihipi pimbýl mbýl hk cns dâ dânhn nhnss hk klskùilzi.
;.98 Ilécbsbs hk cns Zrblmbpbns.
6=
Cns prblmbpbns fklkricks hkc hkrkmon snl ci auklk kl ci quk sk aulhi kc rkspkn y ci hbflbhih hk ci pkrsnli, ksns lns iyuhil i blkrprkir ci lnrdi kl misn hk klkr uli huhi sk hk`kl ipcbmir piri kvbir vbncimbnlks i cns hkrkmons hk cns ri`igihnrks.
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;.9; Zrnpuksti ;.9;.9 Hkrnfimbýl hkc Zérrin ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri . Mnl `isk i cn ksi`ckmbhn kl cns mipäucns ilkrbnrks y mnl ci licbhih hk `usmir uli sncumbýl ic prn`ckdi quk klarkli cns kdpckihns mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri y kl `usmir uli ickrlitvi quk pnlfi ul puln hk kqubcb`rbn klrk ci lnrditvi blkrli mnl ci lnrdi blkrlimbn blkrlimbnlic lic sk prnp prnpnlk nlk i rkicb rkicbzir zir ci hkrnf hkrnfimbýl imbýl hkc pérria pérrian n ; hkc irmu irmucn cn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn Znr Onri piri quk iqukccis lukvis blhusrbis n imtvbhihks kmnlýdbmis muyi liurickzi hk ci imtvbhih kdprksirbic quk sk `isk kl kdpckn pnr onri, gnrlihi pirmbic n dkhbn tkdpn, mndn kl cns misns h hkk cis lukvis imtvbhihks imtvbhihks kmlncýfbmis hk mndul mndulbmimbnlks bmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnlim Mklkr y nris quk hk`kl skr micbmihis pnr ci ]kmrkiräi hk Ksihn kl cns Hkspimons hk Xri`ign Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic skil blmnrpnrihns i fn fnzir zir hk nhns cns `klkmbns quk ksi`ckmk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, ndilhn i mnlsbhkrimbýl cns prnlulmbidbklns rkicbzihns pnr ci Nrfilbzimbýl Blkrlimbnlic hkc Xri`ign (NBX) y sk kstdk ci lkmksbhih hk `rblhir mihi `klkmbn quk pnr cky cks mnrrkspnlhk i cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns `ign ksi dnhicbhih. Ci hkrnfimbýl hkc pérrian ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn Znr Onri aimuciräi piri quk cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns pnr onri, quk ic mndn oi qukhihn hkdnsrihn kl ci prksklk blvkstfimbýl snl ul l÷dkrn duy kckvihn kl kc dkrmihn ci`nric, pukhil klkr immksn i cns `klkmbns quk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri narkmk sbl quk ck qukpi icfuli kxmkpmbýl. Kl Onlhuris skf÷l hins prnpnrmbnlihns pnr ci ]kmrkiräi hkc Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic kl kc Hkpiridkln hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, hkc 0:0: i nmu`rk hkc 0:09, rkfbsri ci blanrdimbýl hk ci milthih hk kdprksis ihokrbhis i ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onri (ZPNLKO) hk ci sbfubklk dilkri . Xi`ci hk mnlfruklmbi Ln. 1. Kdprksis Ihokrbhis ic Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onri. Ln . Lukvns mnl mnlrins Pkmnlriimbnlks 9 02,?:1 ;9,:88
Zkrsnlis Gurähbmis blsmrbis 0;2
0 =1,101 pnr diksrilk ?0,2@kcblhi =: (Muihrn Kci`nrihn Ksmn`kr) 0;2 —
Xnic, kl Onlhuris ?:,?;: 992,;;1
Hbsrbn Mk Mklric Iùn ;,112 0:0: ;,112
0:09
6;
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Hihi ci sbfubklk mcisbmimbýl ks aulhidklic oimkr ci pktmbýl quk sk Hkrnfuk kc pérrian ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn Znr Onri, yi quk mndn cn ksi`ckmk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi y ci lnrditvi blkrlimbnlic nhns cns ri`igihnrks tklkl hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric, i mnlhbmbnlks kqubitvis, i klkr ul ri`ign cb`rk hk hbsmrbdblimbýl kmâkri. Xndilhn kl mukli quk kc pérrian ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn Znr Onri kxmcuyk i cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns kl kdprksis mnl imtvbhihks kmlncýfbmis hk mndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnlim Mklkr y nris micbmihis pnr ci ]kmrkiräi hk Ksihn kl cns Hkspimons hk Xri`ign Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic skil blmnrpnrihn blmnrpnrihnss i fnzir hk nhns cns `klkmbns quk ksi`ckmk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, ic mndn i n`klkr ci pkrdilklmbi kl ul puksn hk ri`ign pisihns cns = iùns hk prksimbýl hk skrvbmbns, mnlsbhkrélhnsk vbncinrbn i cns hkrkmons aulhidklicks hk cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns mnlriihns pnr onri. Zirtklhn quk kc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ksé firiltzihn kl ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi, kc pérrian ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn Znr Onri vi kl mnlri hk cis firilis mnlstumbnlicks hk ksns ri`igihnrks, yi quk hk`k kxbstr bfuichih klrk nhns cns skmnrks ci`nricks. Kl vbsi hk quk ln sk hk`k kstpucir lb cbdbir i lblf÷l skmnr ci`nric piri quk pukhil mnlir mnl ul ri`ign pkrdilklk, y ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri kxmcuyk kdprksis mnl imtvbhihks kmlncýfbmis hk mndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnlim Mklkr y nris micbmihis pnr ci ]kmrkiräi hk Ksihn kl cns Hkspimons hk Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic, ]nmbic , cn quk sk mnl mnlsbh sbhkri kri hbs hbsmrb mrbdbl dblitv itvn n k blgus blgusn n ci rks rksr rbmmb bmmbýl ýl pcisdi pcisdihi hi kl ks ksii cky cky,, yi qu qukk ksé ksé imuilhn mnl hksbfuichih y hksprnpnrmbnlicbhi hksprnpnrmbnlicbhih. h. ;.9;.0 Érki hk Bluklmbi hk ci Zrnpuksti Kc érki hk bluklmbi hk ci prksklk blvkstfimbýl vi klmidblihi i ci hkrnfimbýl hkc pérrian ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn Znr Onri, ksiré hbrbfbhi i nhns cns skmnrks hkc piäs, klklhbâlhnsk cis imtvbhihks kmlncýfbmis hk mndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnlim Mklkr y nris micbmihis pnr ci ]kmrkiräi hk Ksihn kl cns Hkspimons hk Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic, yi quk ksns skmnrks hk ri`igihnrks, sk klmuklri kl ci dbsdi sbuimbýl, cns muicks sk cks vuclkri kc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric y nrns hkrkmons aulhidklicks hkrbvihns hk ksi, y ksél kxmcubhns hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri mnl rkcimbýl i ci
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ihqubsbmbýl hkc `klkmbn hk ul ri`ign pkrdilklk hkspuâs hk cns = iùns hk skrvbmbns kl uli kdprksi, sbklhn uli vbncimbýl i cns hkrkmons aulhidklicks hk ksns ri`igihnrks k bfuic uli hksprnpnrmbnlicbhih klrk ci lnrditvi blkrlimbnlic mnl ci lnrditvi blkrli. ;.9;.= N`gkvns hk ci Zrnpuksti Aulhidklir quk cn quk sk ksi`ckmk kl kc pérrian ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn Znr Onrii ks uli vbnci Onr vbncimbý mbýl l oi oimbi mbi cns hkr hkrkmo kmons ns ci` ci`nri nricks cks hk cns kdp kdpcki ckihns hns mnl imt imtvbh vbhihk ihkss kmlncýfbmis hk mndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnlim Mklkr y nrns, ic cbdbircns i pnskkr ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric pnskrbnr i mudpcbr kc rkqubsbn hk iltfókhih quk ksi`ckmk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri.
;.9;.8 Zciltkidbkltn hk ci Zrnpuksti Cns skmnrks mnl imtvbhihks kmlncýfbmis hk mndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnlim Mklkr y nrns, ks hk cns skmnrks quk mihi häi mrkmk dés, y cidkli`ckdklk ksél kxmcubh kxmc ubhns ns hk ci cky piri fnzir fnzir hkc hkrkmo hkrkmon n i ul ri ri`ig `ign n pkr pkrdil dilkl klk. k. Kc hkrkmon hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ks ul hkrkmon oudiln kc muic hk`kl klkr immksn nhns cns skmnrks hk ri`igihnrks hkc piäs, sbl kxbstr cbdbimbnlks. Ksi kxmkpmbýl quk rkicbzi ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, kl kc pérrian ; hkc irmucn 90, sk mnlsbhkri hkshk mbkrn puln bloudili, yi quk ksns ru`rns snl mnlsbhkrihns cns dés vuclkri`cks kl kc piäs.
;.9;.; Gusamimbýl hk ci Zrnpuksti Ks aulhidklic aulhidklic oimkr ci hkrnfi hkrnfimbýl mbýl ic pérr pérrian ian ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn Znr Onri, yi quk ksi cky hkshk quk auk iprn`ihi kl kc 0:98 ln oi sbhn dnhbmihi y imuicbzihi y dklns rkfcidklihi y ks lkmksirbn quk sk oifi uli rkvbsbýl kxoiustvi piri hkkrdblir quk irmucns ksél sbklhn n`gkn hk vbncimbýl hk hkrkmons. Mnlsbhkrilhn quk oiy dumons irmucns id`bfuns kl ksi cky quk hkgil dumon quk hkmbr, sk kxonri i rkicbzir ci hkrnfimbýl.
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Hk`kdns klkr uli Cky quk rkfuck kc kdpckn pnr onri y quk muklk mnl su rkfcidkln, quk ski ipkfihn i cns prblmbpbns hkc ri`ign, i cns hkrkmons y firilis mnlstumbnlicks, yi quk kl dumons irmucns cns dbsdns snl mnlrirbns mnlrirbns i cis ckyks mndn skr kl ksk misn kc pérrian ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn Znr Onri, yi quk, skf÷l ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi kl su irmucn 902 firiltzi kc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric i nhns cns ri`igihnrks. ;.9;.1 Aim`bcbhih hk ci Bdpckdkltimbýl hk ci Zrnpuksti Zrnykmtn hk Hkmrktn. Yuk mnl `isk i cn hbspuksn kl kc irmucn 09= hk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi hk Onlhuris tklkl kxmcusbvidklk ci blbmbitvi hk cky cns Hbpuihns ic Mnlfrksn Limbnlic, kc prksbhklk hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi, pnr dkhbn hk cns skmrkirbns hk Ksihn, isä mndn ci Mnrk ]uprkdii hk Gus ]uprkd Gustmb tmbii y kc Xrb Xrb`ul `ulic ic ]uprk ]uprkdn dn Kck Kckmn mnric ric,, kl is isul ulns ns hk su mndpk mndpkklm klmbi. bi. (ONLH[PI]). Yuk snl cns hbpuihns ic Mnlfrksn Limbnlic cns klmirfihns hk iprn`ir dkhbilk hk`ik cis blbmbitvis hk cky ilkrbnrdklk dklmbnlihis mnlanrdk i cn ksi`ckmbhn kl kc irmucn 098 hk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkpu`cbmi hk Onlhuris quk hbmk quk lblf÷l prnykmn hk cky skré hklbtvidklk vnihn sbln hkspuâs hk = hk`iks kakmuihns kl hbstlns häis. Yuk mnlanrdk ic irmucn 0:; ludkric 9 hk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi, ks irb`umbýl hkc mnlfrksn limbnlic mrkir, hkmrkir, blkrprkir, rkanrdir y hkrnfir cis ckyks. ]k sndki i vnimbýl, hbsmusbýl y mnlsbhkrimbýl, ci rkspkmtvi prnpuksi hk prnykmn hk Hkrnfimbýl hk cky, kc muic sk prkskli i mnltluimbýl7 Zrnykmtn Hkmrktn hk Hkrnfimbýl hkc ludkric ; irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi hk Onlhuris. Kc quk susmrb`k Guil @irionli, Hbpuihn hk ci `ilmihi hkc pirthn Cb`krih y Pkaulhimbýl, Ckfbsciuri hkc Mnlfrksn Limbnlic hk Onlhuris, aimucihn kl kc irmucn 0:; ludkric 9 hk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkpu`cbmi hk Onlhuris, 82 y ;9 hkc Pkfcidkln Blkrln hkc Mnlfrksn Limbnlic hk ci Pkpu`cbmi hk Onlhuris, sndkn i hbsmusbýl, mnlsbhkrimbýl y vnimbýl ksi
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blbmbitvi blbmbi tvi hk prnyk prnykmn mn hk hkrnfi hkrnfimbýl mbýl hk cky hkc ludkric ; irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpck Kdpckn n pnr Onri hk ci Pkpu`cbmi hk Onlhuris, ci muic sk pbhk ci mnlsbhkrimbýl hk hir prnkmmbýl i cns ri`igihnrks hk nhns cns skmnrks mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri mnl rkcimbýl i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric kl sus puksns hk ri`ign ic mudpcbr ci iltfókhih quk ci dbsdi cky ksi`ckmk. ksi`ckmk.
Kxpnsbmbýl hk Dnvns. Onlnri`ck Mnlfrksn Limbnlic. Kc irmucn 902 hk ci Mnlstutvn hk ci Pkpu`cbmi hk Onlhuris rkmnlnmk kc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric, blhbmilhn quk Ci Cky firiltzi ci ksi`bcbhih hk cns ri`igihnrks kl sus kdpckns, hk imukrhn mnl cis mirimkrästmis m irimkrästmis hk cis blhusrbis y prnaksbnlks y cis c is gusis miusis hk skpirimbýl. Muilhn kc hkspbhn blgustmihn suri kakmn y rdk quk ski ci sklklmbi mnlhklinrbi rkspkmtvi, kc ri`igihnr klhré hkrkmon i su kckmmbýl i uli rkdulkrimbýl kl mn mnlm lmkp kpn nss hk si sici cirb rbns ns hk hkgi gihn hnss hk pk pkrm rmb` b`br br i uc ucn n hk hi hiùn ùnss y pk pkrg rgub ubmb mbns ns,, y i cis cis blhkdlbzimbnlks ckficks y mnlvklmbnlicdklk prkvbsis5 n i quk sk ck rkblkfrk ic ri`ign mnl kc rkmnlnmbdbkln hk sicirbns hkgihns hk pkrmb`br, i ucn hk hiùns y pkrgubmbns. Kl vbsi hk quk kc ludkric ; irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri hk ci Pkpu`cbmi hk Onlhuris ksi`ckmk cn sbfubklk7 ]k kxmkp÷il hk cn hbspuksn kl ksk Irmucn (hkc pérrian 8) iqukccis lukvis blhusrbis n imtvbhihks kmnlýdbmis muyi liurickzi hk ci imtvbhih kdprksirbic sk `isk kl kdpckn pnr onri, onr i, gnr gnrli lihi hi pir pirmbi mbicc n dkh dkhbn bn tkdp tkdpn, n, mis misns ns mnd mndn n luk lukvis vis imt imtvbh vbhihk ihkss km kmlnc lncýfb ýfbmis mis hk mndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnlim Mklkr y nris quk hk`kl skr micbmihis pnr ci ]kmrkiräi hk Ksihn kl cns Hkspimons hk Xri`ign y ]kfurbhih ]nmbic. Mnlsbhkrilhn quk kc pérrian ; hk ksk irtmucn 90 ln pkrdbk quk cns ri`igihnrks hk lukvis imtvbhihks kmlncýfbmis hk mndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnlim Mklkr y nris pukhil klkr immksn i fnzir hk ul puksn hk ri`ign pkrdilklk mndn `klkmbn hk iltfókhih, sbklhn cns ru`rns mnl diynr i`snrmbýl hk rkmursn oudiln, pnr cn iln, ks ul
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irnpkccn i cns hkrkmons aulhidklicks pcisdihns kl ci mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkpu`cbmi hk Onlhuris. ]kf÷l cn ksi`ckmk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkpu`cbmi hk Onlhuris kl kc mipäucn BBB rkcitvn i cis hkmcirimbnlks y firilis mnlstumbnlicks kl su irmucn 1:7 –Xnhns cns ond`rks limkl cb`rks k bfuicks kl hkrkmons. ]k hkmciri pulb`ck nhi hbsmrbdblimbýl pnr dntvn hk skxn, rizi, mcisk y muicqubkr nri cksbvi i ci hbflbhih oudili— oudili—.. ]k mnlsbhkri uli vbncimbýl hk hkrkmons ci kxmkpmbýl quk rkicbzi ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri kl kc pérrian ; hkc irmucn 90 kl vbruh hk quk skf÷l cn dilbksi ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi kc Ksihn hk`k `rblhir skfurbhih i cns ri`igihnrks sbl bdpnrir kc ru`rn kl quk ksns sk hksklvukcvil. Ic lkfircks kc hkrkmon i mnlir mnl ul ri`ign pkrdilklk i ksns ri`igihnrks, ln sncn sk cks ksé vbncklilhn ksk hkrkmon, sb ln nrns hkrkmons ihbmbnlicks quk sk mnlsbhkril aulh aulhid idkl kli ick ckss mn mndn dn sk skrr kc hkrk hkrkmo mon n i ci si sicu cuh, h, hkrk hkrkmo mon n i ci bfui bfuich chih ih,, hkrk hkrkmo mon n i ci prnkmmbýl ci`nric klrk nrns. Ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ks ul `bkl rkmnlnmbhn mndn ul hkrkmon oudiln kl ci Hkmcirimbýl [lbvkrsic hk Hkrkmons Oudilns hk 928?, quk hkmciri kl kc irmucn 0= quk "nhi pkrsnli, mndn dbkd`rn hk ci snmbkhih, tklk hkrkmon i ci prnkmmbýl mnlri kc hkskdpckn y nrns hkrkmons—. Ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ks mnlsbhkrihi ul hkrkmon ulbvkrsic yi quk firiltzi kc hksirrnccn kmnlýdbmn hk ci snmbkhih, kl vbsi hk quk rkfuci ci ksi`bcbhih kmnlýdbmi hk cis pkrsnlis, `rblhilhn ksi`bcbhih. Mnlmcusbnlks. @i @isé sélh lhns nskk kl ci bfui bfuich chih ih y ci ln hb hbsm smrb rbdb dbli limbý mbýl l i cis cis pkrs pkrsnl nlis is,, ks ksi i`c `ckm kmbh bhns ns kl ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkpu`cbmi hk Onlhuris, ci muic firiltzi i cis pkrsnlis ci prnkmmbýl hk sus hkrkmons hkrkmons y firi firiltis ltis mnlst mnlstumbnl umbnlicks, icks, y kl vbsi hk quk mnrrkspn mnrrkspnlhk lhk ic Ksihn oimkr mudpcbr ksns hkrkmons, sk kxonri i pnlkr kl prémtmi cns prblmbpbns y firilis ksi`ckmbhis kl ksi mnl kc l hk mrkir bfuichih klrk cis pkrsnlis, ks pnr ksn quk sk kxonri quk kc Ksihn i rivâs hk sus rkprksklilks mnrrkspnlhbklks Hkrnfuk kc ludkric ; hkc irmucn
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90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, kl vbsi hk quk ksk cbdbi i cns ri`igihnrks hk lukvis imtvbhihks kmlncýfbmis hk mndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnlim Mklkr y nris quk pukhil klkr immksn i fnzir hk ul puksn hk ri`ign pkrdilklk mndn `klkmbn hk iltfókhih, sbklhn ksns cns ru`rns mnl diynr i`snrmbýl hk rkmursn oudiln, vuclkrilhn ksk hkrkmon i ksns skmnrks. Ri quk ksi cky ks hkc iùn 0:98 y kl ci imuicbhih sk oil rkanrdihn dumois ckyks sk vk kl ci lkmksbhih hk rkicbzir ci hkrnfimbýl hkc ludkric ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, kl vbsi hk quk dumons irmucns sk mnlsbhkril id`bfuns y vbncinrbns hk hkrkmons aulhidklicks. Ks pnr ksn quk ks aulhidklic hkrnfir kc ludkric ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri hk ci Pkpu`cbmi hk Onlhuris, pnlbklhn kl prémtmi kc prblmbpbn hk bfuichih ilk ci cky. Ri quk ks lkmksirbn quk ksk skmnr hk ri`igihnrks ski blkfrihn i fnzir hk ul puksn pkrdilklk pnr iltfókhih, mnlsbhkrélhnsk ul hkrkmon oudiln, mnl cns quk nhn skmnr ci`nric hk`k mnlir. Hihn Hih n y kxp kxpuks uksn n cn il ilkrbn krbnr, r, snd sndkn kn i mnl mnlsbh sbhkri krimbýl mbýl hk ks kskk Onl Onlnri nri`ck `ck Mnl Mnlfrk frksn sn ci prksklk blbmbitvi hk cky mnl kc prnykmn hk Hkmrkn kl kc muic sk Hkrnfuk kc ludkric ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri. Yuk sk Hkrnfuk kc ludkric ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri. ]k sncbmbi ci hkrnfimbýl hkc ludkric ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri yi quk ksk vi mnlri cns prblmbpbns y hkrkmons aulhidklicks hk cns ri`igihnrks mndn skr kc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric. Ri quk kc Ksihn ks kc klk klmirfihn hk `rblhir prnkmmbýl i cis pkrsnlis, sk hk`k fklkrir bfuichih hk mnlhbmbnlks klrk cns skmnrks ci`nricks, sbl hbsmrbdblimbýl, lb hbstlmbýl icfuli. Xrilsbtnrbns. ×lbmn. Kc prksklk hkmrkn klriri kl vbfnr ic häi sbfubklk hk su pu`cbmimbýl kl kc Hbirbn Nmbic Ci Fimki. Hihn kl ci Mbuhih hk Xkfumbficpi, Dulbmbpbn hkc Hbsrbn Mklric, i cns ^^^^^^^^^^^^häis hkc dks hk ^^^^^^^^^^^^hkc iùn^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Hbputihn (A)^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ (ru`rbmi)
;.9;.6 Hkmrktn hk Cky Ludkrn7 206-0:00. [li vkz quk kc prnykmn blbmbitvi hk cky, oi sbhn hk`ithn y iprn`ihn dkhbilk cis anrdicbhihks hkc rkfcidkln blkrln hkc mnlfrksn limbnlic, ksk skfubhidklk ks pu`cbmihn kl kc hbirbn Nmbic Ci Fimki. Ci muic pnhräi klkr kc anrdin sbfubklk7
Pkpu`cbmi hk Onlhuris, M.I. Mnlfrksn Limbnlic hk ci Pkpu`cbmi hk Onlhuris. Hkmrkn-Cky Ludkrn7 206-0:00. MNL]BHKPILH MNL]B HKPILHN7 N7 Yuk kc hkrkmon i ci ksi`b ksi`bcbhih cbhih ci` ci`nric nric ks ul hkrkmon ou oudiln diln,, kc muic mnlrb`uyk i ci imtvbhih kmnlýdbmi hk piäs. MNL]BHKPILHN7 Yuk skf÷l cn ksi`ckmk kc irmucn ;2 hk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi –Ci pkrsnli oudili ks kc l suprkdn hk ci ]nmbkhih y hkc Ksihn. Xnhns tklkl ci c i n`cbfimbýl hk rkspkirci y prnkfkrci—. MNL]BHKPILHN7 Yuk ks n`cbfimbýl hk cns pirnlns `rblhir prnkmmbýl i cns ri`igihnrks y `rblhircks ul puksn hk ri`ign pkrdilklk pnr iltfókhih skf÷l cn quk ksi`ckmk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri vbfklk. MNL]BHKPILHN7 Yuk nhns cns ond`rks tklkl bfuichih hk hkrkmons, y ln hk`k kxbstr hbsmrbdblimbýl icfuli. MNL]BHKPILHN7 Yuk hk imukrhn mnl kc irmucn 906 hk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi, nhi pkrsnli tklk hkrkmon ic ri`ign, i ksmnfkr cb`rkdklk su nmupimbýl y i rklulmbir i kcci, i mnlhbmbnlks kqubitvis y sitsaimnrbis hk ri`ign y i ci prnkmmbýl mnlri kc hkskdpckn. MNL]BHKPILHN7 ]kf÷l cn quk ks ksi`ckmk i`ckmk kc irmucn 980 hk ci Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp Pkp÷`cbmi ÷`cbmi nhi pkrsnli tklk hkrkmon i ci skfurbhih hk sus dkhbns kmnlýdbmns hk su`sbsklmbi kl misn hk blmipimbhih piri ri`igir u n`klkr ri`ign rkrb`ubhn.
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QB Mnlmcusbnlks Mnlmcusbnlks Zrbdkri Zirtklhn hkc rksucihn hk ci blvkstfimbýl ci dkgnri kl cns sbskdis hk mnlriimbýl hk pkrsnlic quk narkmk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, sb oi kstducihn ci blvkrsbýl y mrkimbýl hk lukvns puksns hk ri`ign kl cis kdprksis kl Onlhuris, y pnr quâ rizýl, pnrquk skf÷l hins rkvkcihns pnr mklricks n`rkris y sblhbmicks, snl cis kdprksis cis `klkmbihis y sk iprnvkmoil hk ci cky hk kdpckn pnr onri piri i`iriir mnsns y ductpcbmir sus fililmbis.
Mnl `isk kl cn ilkrbnr, sk pukhk hkmbr quk, ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri ks uli dkhbhi kxri kx rinrh nrhbli blirbi rbi pi piri ri hi hirck rck uli npnrulb npnrulbhih hih i cis pkr pkrsnl snlis is kl ul dnd dndkl kln n hk auk aukrk rk mnlrimmbýl hk ci kmnlndäi, pkrn quk kl rkicbhih pukhk sbflbmir piri virbns skmnrks n`rkrns hkc piäs uli rilsakrklmbi hk rkmursns hkshk cns dés pn`rks oimbi cns dés rbmns. ]kfulhi Kc prnfridi hk kdpckn pnr onri quk dkhbilk Hkmrkn 0=:-0:9: ksuvn vbfklk kl kc piäs, sk mnlvbrtý kl cky pkrdilklk mnl kc lnd`rk hk –CKR HK KDZCKN ZNP ONPI—, kc quk auk pu`cbmihn kl kc Hbirbn nmbic Ci Fimki kc =9 hk dirzn hk 0:98. Mi`k dklmbnlir quk, Kc ri`ign pnr onri yi ksi`i mnlkdpcihn kl ci Cky hkc sâptdn häi y hâmbdn krmkr dks kl mnlmkpn hk ifublichn (Hkmrkn 990 hk akmoi 0?/9:/?0) ic blstubrsk kl kc irmucn ;, quk kc pifn hkc sâptdn häi sk igusiré pnr cn dklns i cis sbfubklks rkfcis7 i) piri cns quk klfil mnlrin pnr ulbhih hk tkdpn, skdili, häi u onri… hk dilkri quk kri pnsb`ck mnlriir i ul ri`igihnr pnr dkhbn tkdpn, onri, km., pkrn ksn sä, pifilhn nhns cns hkrkmons ci`nricks y dkhbilk mnlrins blhklbhns mndn ks ci lnrdi fklkric hkc hkrkmon hkc ri`ign (irs. 902 Mnlstumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi, 86 y =0? hkc Mýhbfn hkc Xri`ign y 0: hk ci Cky hkc ]icirbn Dälbdn).
Xkrmkri Kc dirmn dknhncýfbmn nmupi ul pipkc mklric rkspkmn i ci blkrrkcimbýl quk vblmuci i nhi nhiss cis cis k kip ipis is hk hkcc pr prnm nmks ksn n bl blvk vkst stfi fitv tvn n kl su mnlg mnlgul uln n y kl kc di dirm rmn n kýr kýrbm bmn n hksirrnccidns ci blvkstfimbýl quk lns okdns prnpuksn, ionri `bkl cn quk cns rkcimbnli ks
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quk piri cckfir i uli obpýksbs klkdns quk pcilkirlns uli sncumbýl, ks iquä hnlhk kdpc kd pcki kidn dnss cns cns dâ dân nhn hnss mn mnrr rrkm kmn nss piri piri cckf cckfir ir i ci mn mnlm lmcu cusb sbýl ýl,, kl ks ksk k misn misn ks uli uli blvkstfimbýl puridklk gurähbmn-hnmudklic, mnl ul klanquk muicbitvn, ci muic iyuhiri ilicbzir kc mnlkxn hkshk hbakrklks pulns, yi quk ksi sk mklri kl kc ilécbsbs prnaulhn hkc prn`ckdi pcilkihn. Ziri cckfir i ci mndprn`imbýl hk ci obpýksbs hk`kdns rkulbr sumbklk blanrdimbýl yi ski prbdirbi n skmulhirbi ci muic lns iyuhiri i prn`ir ci obpýksbs, ksi sk hk`k ilicbzir piri cckfir i ci sncumbýl hkc prn`ckdi pcilkihn. (MP[W) Hk bfuic dilkri sk oirél usn hk nrns dânhns mndn skr kc ln kxpkrbdklic, yi quk cis virbi`cks ln snl dilbpucihis pnr kc blvkstfihnr.
Muirti Kc irmucn l÷dkrn 90? mnlstumbnlic klulmbi kl sus ludkricks cis firilis quk prkvickmkl kl uli rkcimbýl hk ri`ign, mndn snl ci gnrlihi, tpns y su hurimbýl déxbdi, skfurbhih snmbic, bfuichih sicirbic, prnkmmbýl mnlri immbhklks y klakrdkhihks prnaksbnlicks, ic pifn hkc sâptdn häi, i ci dikrlbhih y i ci prnkmmbýl hk ci dbsdi, rin prkakrklk ic pifn hk prksimbnlks k blhkdlbzimbnlks, i rkmb`br ul sicirbn dälbdn, ic fnmk hk vimimbnlks, i ci oukcfi, i ci mnlriimbýl y i ci cb`rk sblhbmicbzimbýl. Ksis Ks is fir firil ilis is i id`b d`bâl âl snl hkr hkrkmo kmons ns oud oudiln ilnss y sk hks hksprk prklhk lhkl l hk ci ks ksi`b i`bcbhi cbhih h y mnltlubhih kl ul ri`ign. Ic kxmcubrsk i cns ri`igihnrks hk lukvis imtvbhihks kmlncýfbmis hk mndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnlim Mklkr y nris quk pukhil klkr immksn i fnzir hk ul puksn hk ri`ign pkrdilklk mndn ic `klkmbn hk iltfókhih , sk pbkrhkl, ln sk pukhkl fnzir kakmtvidklk, iulquk kc hkmrkn pcilkk quk kxbskl ksns hkrkmons.
Zirihýgbmidklk, kc Ksihn onlhurkùn tklk mndn prblmbpbn ci gustmbi snmbic. Kl su irmucn =0?, ci Mnlstumbýl Zncätmi hk ci c i Pkp÷`cbmi, prnmcidi7 –Kc sbs sbstkd tkdi i km kmnlý nlýdbm dbmn n hk On Onlhu lhuris ris sk aul aulhid hidkl klti ti kl prb prblmb lmbpbn pbnss hk k kmbk mbklm lmbi bi kl ci prnhummbýl y gusmbi snmbic kl ci hbstrb`umbýl hk ci rbqukzi y kc blfrksn limbnlicks, isä mndn kl ci mn mnkx kxbs bstk tklm lmbi bi ir irdý dýlb lbmi mi hk cn cnss ai aimt mtnr nrks ks hk ci pr prnh nhum ummb mbýl ýl qu quk k oi oifi fil l pn pnsb sb`c `ck k ci
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hbflbmimbýl hkc tri`ign mndn aukltk prblmbpic hk ci rbqukzi y mndn dkhbn hk rkicbzimbýl hk ci pkrsnli oudili—.
Yublti Kxbsk dumoi sbdbcbuh klrk luksri lnrditvi limbnlic mnl cis lnrditvis hk nrns piäsks, puksn quk, nhns ksél muklil uli cky n lnrditvi quk rkfuci kc ri`ign pnr onri n ri`ign pirmbic mndn ks ccidihn kl ci diynräi hk cns piäsks, ionri `bkl, ilicbzilhn kc piäs hk Ks Kspi piùi ùi sk n`sk n`skrv rvii quk quk ks ksk k `r `rbl blhi hi uli uli mn mn`k `kr rur urii dés dés idpc idpcbi bi y ai aivn vnri ri`c `ckk i cn cnss ri`igihnrks `ign ksi dnhicbhih y ksn hk`bhn i quk ck `rblhi prnkmmbýl i cns ri`igihnrks mnl rkcimbýl i cis gnrlihis hk ri`ign kxklsis, ic prnob`br quk ksns ri`igihnrks rkicbmkl ri`ign kxrinrhblirbn n quk ri`igk dés hk 8: onris i ci skdili y quk ic kxmkhkrsk hk ksis 8: onris, kc ri`igihnr hk`k skr mnlriihn hk dilkri pkrdilklk kl cns mklrns hk ri`ign, firiltzélhncks kc hkrk hkrkmon mon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci` ci`nric. nric. Ri quk kc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ks mnlsbhkrihn pnr ci Nrfilbzimbýl Blkrlimbnlic hkc Xri`ign (NBX) ul hkrkmon oudiln kc muic oi sbhn ul puln bdpnrilk i riir kl virbis rkmndklhimbnlks y riihns, kl vbsi hk quk ks hk`kr hkc ksihn firiltzir ci prnkmmbýl ihkmuihi i nhns cns ri`igihnrks sbl oimkr kxmkpmbnlks. ]bl kd`irfn, pnhkdns n`skrvir quk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri kl kc ludkric ; hk irmucn 90, ksi`ckmk uli kxmkpmbýl piri cns ri`igihnrks mnlriihns `ign ci dnhicbhih pnr onri kl kdpr kdprksis ksis hk lukvi lukviss imtvbh imtvbhihks ihks kmlncý kmlncýfbmis fbmis hk mndul mndulbmimbn bmimbnlks lks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnl Mnlim im Mkl Mklkr kr y n nri riss quk quk pukh pukhil il k klk lkrr im immk mksn sn i fn fnzi zirr hk ul puks puksn n hk ri` ri`ig ign n pkrd pkrdil ilkl klk k ic mu mudp dpcbcbrr ci il iltf tfók ókhi hih h hk = iù iùns ns sk pb pbkr krhk hkl l y ln sk pu pukh khkl kl fn fnzi zirr kakmtvidklk,, pnr cn muic ks blgusi ksi kxmkpmbýl quk sk rkicbzi. kakmtvidklk
]kxti Kc prblmbpbn hk ksi`bcbhih ci`nric ks ul hkrkmon oudiln quk ksé prnkfbhn ulbvkrsicdklk pnr virbns blsrudklns ckficks7 ci Hkmcirimbýl [lbvkrsic hk cns Hkrkmons Oudilns (H[HO), kl sus ludkricks 9, 0 y = hkc irmucn 0=5 kc Zimn Blkrlimbnlic hk cns Hkrkmons Kmnlýdbmns, ]nmbicks y Mucuricks (ZBHK]M), kl su irmucn 65 kc Zrnnmncn Aimucitvn hk ]il ]icvihnr, kl
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su irmucn 65 y ci Mnlvklmbýl piri Kcbdblir nhis cis Anrdis hk Hbsmrbdblimbýl mnlri ci Dugkr (MKHIV), irmucn 99 kl kc blmbsn –M—.
Kc irmucn =9 hk ci Mnlvklmbýl hk Qbkli hkc Hkrkmon hk cns Xriihns ksi`ckmk ul prblmbpbn aulhidklic kl dikrbi hk hkrkmons oudilns. ]kf÷l kc dbsdn sbkdprk skré prbdkrn ci pkrsnli oudili (prn ondblk). Kl ic sklthn, ksi Cky y Zrnfridi hk Kdpckn pnr Onris rndpk mnl ci ksi`bcbhih kl kc kdpckn piri kc 8:% hk cis pkrsnlis mnlriihis kl cis kdprksis `ign ksi dnhicbhih, kcbdblilhn hk gurk nhns cns hkrkmons ksi`ckmbhns kl kc irmuc ir mucn n 90? y 902 hk ci Mnlstu Mnlstumbý mbýl l hk ci Pkp÷`cb Pkp÷`cbmi. mi. Znr cn iln, iln, i db mrbkrbn mrbkrbn ksk ksk Zrnfridi y Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, i pksir hk quk aivnrkmk i dumons ri`igihnrks y i dumois kdprksis, ln tklk aukrzi ckfic kl su nicbhih kl kc dirmn hk cns hkrkmons oudilns y hk ci Mnlstumbýl Zncätmi hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi, quk dilhi quk cis rkcimbnlks ci`nricks quk hk`kl prkvickmkr ksi`cks y pkrdilklks.
Ihkdés, ksk Zrnfridi vbnckli kc irmucn ==9 hk ci Mnlstumbýl Zncätmi hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi quk ksi`ckmk quk –ci cb`krih hk blvkrsbýl y hk kdprksi ln pnhré skr mnlrirbi ic blkrâs snmbic lb naklsbvn i ci dnric.
]bl kd`irfn, pnhkdns n`skrvir quk kl ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri kl kc kl kc ludkric ; hkc ir irm muc ucn n 90 90,, ks ksi i`c `ckm kmkk ul ulii kx kxmk mkpm pmbý býl l pi piri ri cn cnss r ri` i`ig igih ihnr nrks ks hk lu lukv kvis is imtv imtvbh bhih ihks ks kmlncýfbmis hk mndulbmimbnlks mndn Micc Mklkr n Mnlim Mklkr y nris, i quk pukhil klkr immksn i fnzir hk ul puksn hk ri`ign pkrdilklk mndn `klkmbn hk iltfókhih hkspuâs hk cns = iùns hk prksimbýl hk skrvbmbns, ci quk sk mnlsbhkri mnlrirbi i luksris ckyks y pnr cn c n iln, piri kdpkzir kc pérrian ; hkc irmucn 90 hk ksi cky, hk`k skr hkrnfihi.
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QBB Pkmndklhimbnlks. Hkspuâs hk uli cirfi y dknhncýfbmi blvkstfimbýl sk oi ndihn i mnlsbhkrimbýl fklkric, prkvbn i uli rkanrdi i ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, ilicbzir cns prn`ckdis imuicks quk irivbksil icfulns skmnrks kl luksrn piäs, ks pnr kccn quk sk prnpnlk cn sbfubklk7 9. Pkvbsbýl mndpcki y kxoiustvi hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri piri vkr sb oiy vimäns kl ci dbsdi quk vuclkrkl hkrkmons aulhidklicks i cns ri`igihnrks. 0. Mrkir ul Pkfcidkln quk rkfuck y firiltmk cn kstpucihn kl ksi cky. =. Hkrnfir irmucns hk ci Cky quk kxmcuyil i icfulns skmnrks hk fnzir hk fnzir hkc hkrkmon i ci ksi`bcbhih pnr iltfókhih. 8. Mipi Mipimbir mbir y hirck hirck cns rkmursns rkmursns kmnlýdbmn kmnlýdbmnss i cns blspkmnrks blspkmnrks hkc hkc ri`ign ri`ign piri quk quk rkicbmkl rkicbmkl blspkmmbnlks hk rutli kl cis kdprksis y vkrbqukl quk ksél mudpcbklhn ic 9::% cn kstpucihn kl ci cky hk kdpckn pnr onri. ;. ]k rk rkmn mndb dbkl klhi hi qu qukk kc Fn Fn`b `bkr krln ln hk ci Pk Pkpu pu`c `cbmi bmi hk hksi sirr rrnc ncck ck pn pncät cätmi miss p÷ p÷`c `cbmi bmiss qu qukk mnlcckvkl mid`bns kl cns prnfridis hk ci khumimbýl limbnlic mnl diynr rkanrzidbkln `bcblfók y kmlncýfbmn, isä mndn mndn kl cns ispkmns hk sicuh y skfurbhih snmbic, quk mnlhuzmil i cnfrir diynr lbvkc hk prnhumtvbhih hkc rkmursn oudiln y isä kckvir ci mndpkttvbhih hk cis kdprksis, irikr diynr blvkrsbýl ic piäs y cnfrir hbsdblubr cis icis isis hk hkskdpckn y su`kdpckn kl kc piäs. 1. Pkanr Pkanrzir zir prnfridi prnfridiss quk rilsanrdkl rilsanrdkl cis cis imtuhks imtuhks y iptuhks iptuhks hkc rkmursn oudiln oudiln quk, quk, dés mipimbihn pukhi hksirrnccir hksrkzis y oi`bcbhihks, piri narkmkr su aukrzi hk ri`ign i dkgnrks lbvkcks sicirbicks y dkgnrks mnlhbmbnlks ci`nricks. 6. ]k rkmndbklhi rkmndbklhi kstduci kstducirr ci blvkrsbýl blvkrsbýl limbnlic limbnlic y kxrilgkri, kxrilgkri, ln sncidklk sncidklk mnl rkhummbýl rkhummbýl hk mnsns i rivâs hk `igns sicirbns quk ks cn quk narkmk ci Cky y Zrnfridi Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onri, sbln `usmir kmbklir nrns aimnrks quk snl hkkrdblilks piri kstducir hk ci blvkrsbýl y ci mndpkttvbhih hk cis kdprksis mndn skr7 ci rkhummbýl hk cns mnsns hk ci klkrfäi, blmnrpnrimbýl hk lukvis kmlncnfäis, bllnvimbýl y hksirrnccn hk
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lukvns prnhumns y ihkdés, mrkir ul id`bklk dimrnkmnlýdbmn ksi`ck y narkmkr firilis piri ci skfurbhih gurähbmi y mbuhihili. ?. ]b `bkl ks mbkrn mbkrn quk quk ci kxb`bcbhih kxb`bcbhih ci`nri ci`nricc blstubhi blstubhi pnr ci Cky Cky y Zrnfridi Zrnfridi Limbnlic Limbnlic hk Kdpckn pnr Onri ks ul ksducn i ci mrkimbýl hk puksns hk ri`ign, âsk rksuci blsumbklk piri hbsdblubr sbflbmitvidklk kc lbvkc hk hkskdpckn y nhis cis hkdés anrdis hk su`utcbzimbýl hk ci aukrzi hk ri`ign. Znr iln, sk rkmndbklhi ic Ksihn hbskùir y ipcbmir uli vkrhihkri pncätmi hk kdpckn quk pkrdbi fklkrir sumbklks auklks hk ri`ign kl mnlhbmbnlks dés mnokrklks mnl kc pnsucihn hk –Kdpckn Hkmklk y ksi`ck— pcilkihn rbpirtidklk pnr ci Nrfilbzimbýl Blkrlimbnlic hkc ri`ign.
2:
QBBB Fcnsirbn hk Xârdblns. FCN]IPBN PBN HK XÂPDBLN] X ÂPDBLN] FCN]I MNLMKZX N
XÂPD BLN Hksrkfucimbýl
Ci Fril Klmbmcnpkhbi hk Kmnlndäi hklk ci hksrkfucimbýl mndn kc Zrnmksn hk hks blkrvklmbýl piri cnfrir uli diynr kxb`bcbhih hkc sbskdi kmnlýdbmn y icmilzir uli diynr kmbklmbi kl su aulmbnlidbkln, y oimkr arklk mnl diynr kmimbi, i ci mrbsbs hkc Ksihn hk @bklksir. ]nl dkhbhis hksrkfucihnris, cis mnlsbsklks kl prbvitzir n rkprbvitzir kdprksis y skrvbmbns p÷`cbmns, cb`kricbzir kc aulmbnlidbkln hk cns dkrmihns y hkc sbskdi lilmbkrn, suprbdbr n rkhumbr ic dälbdn cis rksrbmmbnlks ckficks kl dikrbi hk rilspnrks, kckmndulbmimbnlks y mnlriimbýl ci`nric, klrk nris. Kl su anrducimbýl kxrkdi, ci hksrkfucimbýl supnlk ci vukci i ci kmnlndäi hk dkrmihn puri y huri, ic mipbicbsdn cb`kric dilmokskrbiln.
Gnrlihi hk tri`ign
Ci gnrlihi hk ri`ign ks kc tkdpn quk mihi ri`igihnr hkhbmi i ci kgkmumbýl hkc ri`ign pnr kc muic oi sbhn mnlriihn. ]k mnli`bcbzi pnr kc l÷dkrn hk onris quk kc kdpckihn oi hk hkskdpkùir piri hksirrnccir su imtvbhih ci`nric hklrn hkc pkränhn hk tkdpn hk quk sk rik7 häis, skdilis n iùns.
Qimimbnlks
]k hklndbli vimimbýl i cns häis kl cns quk sk hk`k hksmilsir blhklbhidklk sbl quk ck miuskl dnckstis ic quk ksé hk vimimbnlks y hbsaruk hk sus mnsis aivnrbis. Zkrbnhn Zkrbnhn kl kc muic, ccis is pkrsnlis quk ri`igil utcb utcbzil zil ksk tkdpn cb`rk piri rkicbzir imtvbhihks quk cks fuskl kl ul pkränhn hkkrdblihn, skf÷l ci lnrditvi vbfklk. Kxbsk prblmbpicdklk piri prkvklbr ksrâs u nris pincnfäis, ihkdés hk skf÷l kc mrbkrbn hk ci kdprksi prbvihi, hkc ksihn n fn`bkrln, piri blmrkdklir ci prnhumtvbhih kl kc rksn hkc iùn.
Blvksfimbýl muiltivi Ci blvkstfimbýl muiltitvi sk utcbzil piri rkmnpbcir blanrdimbýl i rivâs hk hins ludârbmns, muiltmir npblbnlks, mndpnridbklns u nris virbi`cks hklbhis. hklbh is. Ksns sk klmuklril prkhkkrdblihns prkhkkrdblihns y ksél kl ul anrdin dés ksrumurihn.
Dukstri
Kl ksihästmi, uli duksri ks ul su`mnlguln hk misns n blhbvbhuns hk uli pn`cimbýl. Kl hbvkrsis ipcbmimbnlks, blkrksi quk uli duksri ski rkprksklitvi, rkprksklitvi, y piri kccn hk`k ksmnfkrsk uli âmlbmi hk duksri ihkmuihi quk prnh prnhuzmi uzmi uli duksri ickinrbi ihkmuihi.
Zrnmkhbdbkltn
Zrnmkhbdbkln ks ul ârdbln quk oimk o imk rkakrklmbi i ci immbýl quk qu k mnlsbsk kl prnmkhkr, quk sbflbmi imuir hk uli ul i anrdi hkkrdblihi. Kc mnlmkpn, pnr nri pirk, ksé vblmucihn i ul dânhn n uli dilkri hk kgkmuir icfn.
Hbskùn hk blvksfimbýl
Kc hbskùn hk blvkstfimbýl sk hklk mndn cns dânhns y âmlbmis kckfbhns pnr ul blvkstfihnr piri mnd`blircns hk uli dilkri riznli`ckdklk cýfbmi piri quk kc prn`ckdi hk ci blvkstfimbýl ski dilkgihn hk dilkri kmbklk.
Abi`bcbhih Blvksfimbýl hksmrbpvn
]b sk cckvi i mi`n uli blvkstfimbýl hk dilkri rkfucir, kc blvkstfihnr blvncumrihn kspkri quk sk micmuckl rksucihns sbdbcirks mihi Kl ul hbskùn hk blvkstfimbýl hksmrbptvn, ul blvkstfihnr sýcn ksé blkrksihn kl hksmrb`br ci sbuimbýl n misn `ign su ksuhbn hk blvkstfimbýl.
]u`kdpckn
Kdpckn pnr tkdpn ln mndpckn, rkrb`ubhn pnr hk`ign hkc dälbdn n quk ln iprnvkmoi mndpckidklk ci mipimbhih hkc ri`igihnr. Kc cb`kricbsdn hk Délmokskr (id`bâl ccidihn ksmukci hk Délmokskr, dilmokskrbsdn n mipbicbsdn dilmokskrbiln) auk ul dnvbdbkln snmbic y pncätmn cb`rkmid`bsi y iltbdpkrbicbsi mnl nrbfkl kl ci mbuhih `rbélbmi hk Délmokskr.
Délmokstkr
Kci`nrimbýl prnpbi @kcblhi Ksmn`kr
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B_. @b`cbnfrii Ilécbsbs hk ci Cky hk Kdpckn pnr Onri. ottps7//www.pnhkrguhbmbic.fn`.ol/MKHBG/Ckyks/Hnmudklts/Cky%0:hk%0:Kdpckn%0:pnr
%0:Onri.pha I[XNPK]7 I[XNP K]7 Hkmrktn
=;8-0:9= hk akmoi =9 hk dirzn hkc 0:98, pu`cbmihn kl kc Hbirbn Nabmbic
ci Fimkti.
9.
Ilécbsbs hk ci Mnlstbtumbýl hk ci Pkp÷`cbmi.
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l÷dkrn Ln 9=9 kc 99 hk klkrn 92?0
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Ilécbsbs hkc Mýhbfn hk Xri`ign. ottp7//mftonlhuris.nrf/wp-mnltklt/upcnihs/0:9?/:0/Mnhbfn-hkc-Xri`ign.pha I[XNPK]7 I[XNP K]7 Hkmrktn
Ln. 9?2 hk 92;2, Khbmbýl ru`rbmihi y mnlmnrhihi mnl cis lnrdis
limbnlicks k bltkrlimbnlicks hkc tri`ign.
=.
Hkmcirimbýl [lbvkrsic hk cns Hkrkmons Oudilns (H[HO).
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8.
Zimtn Bltkrlimbnlic hk cns Hkrkmons Kmnlýdbmns, Kmnl ýdbmns, ]nmbicks y Mucturicks (ZBHK]M).
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y i`bkrtn i ci abrdi, ritbabmimbýl y ihoksbýl pnr ci Isid`cki Fklkric
kl su rksncumbýl 00:: I (__B), hk 91 hk hbmbkd`rk hk 9211. Kltrihi kl vbfnr7 = hk klkrn hk 9261, hk mnlanrdbhih mnl kc irtämucn 06.
;.
Zrntnmncn Aimuctitbvn hk ]il ]icvihnr.
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20
NKI/]kr.I/88) (]krbk sn`rk Xritihns5 ln.12). B]@L 26?-:-?06:-1;08-1 9. Mbvbc rbfots- Idkrbmi. 0. Oudil rbfots--Idkrbmi. B. Xbtck7 Mnlvklmbýl Idkrbmili sn`rk Hkrkmons Oudilns (9212). BB. Zrntnmncn hk ]il ]icvihnr. BBB. ]krbks. NKI/]kr.I/88 (kspiùnc). 1. ottps7//www.bcn.nrf/fcn`ic/i`nut-tok-bcn/lkwsrnnd/lkws/VMD]^62;0?8/cilf--ks/
blhkx.otd © 9221-0:09 Nrfilbzimbýl Bltkrlimbnlic Bltkrlimbnlic hkc Xri`ign (NBX) (NBX) | Hkrkmons hk iutnr y iutnrbzimbnlks 6. ottps7//www.bcn.nrf/fitkwiy/aimks/ondk/mtryOndk>
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