Rjmvbrsmihi Jhdmojh` ^MDBQQBDYOQHIO IB MJ^BTYMKHDMÔJ
Nbibrmdo ^m``hrrbh`
NHDR@YHI IB MJKBJMBQÅH DM^M@ ‐IMTBØO IB SH^MEBJYOT DOJ H@YBQJHYM^HT IB EBVD@H HTNÈ@YMDH BJ DH@MBJYB ] YQHYHEMBJYO TRSBQNMDMH@ AMDHSH BJ @H ^ÅH IB B^MYHEMBJYO IB @H DMRIHI IB FHÍJ―
YBTMT SHQH OSYHQ B@ YÅYR@O SQONBTMOJH@ IB MJKBJMBQO DM^M@
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EHDGHQÍ HXRMØO SMBQO H@BWMT HTBTOQ6 EK. H]AHQ HQQMO@H KRTYH^O HIO@NO
FRQHIO6 Ir. KBQHQIO BJQMXRB DHJDGO VRØMKH Ir. EMKRB@ HJKB@ QHEOT N@OQBT ET. KRTYH^O HRKRTYO YHAOQ] EH@SHQYMIH
@MEH — SBQÖ 138=
Ibimdhtormh
H em nhem`mh y hemkos, por bsthr h em `hio smbeprb.
1
Hkrhibdmembjto
H `os dhtbirètmdos ib `h Rjmvbrsmihi Jhdmojh` Nbibrmdo ^m``hrrbh`, krhdmhs por toio b` dojodmembjto trhjsemtmio, y por sus dojsbfos.
Åjimdb kbjbrh` Ibimdhtormh.......................................................................................................................................1 Hkrhibdmembjto................................................................................................................................4 Qbsuebj.........................................................................................................................................83 Hastrhdt...........................................................................................................................................88 M. Mjtroiuddmôj................................................................................................................................81 8.8 Ibsdrmpdmôj y noreu`hdmôj ib` proa`beh.............................................................................84 8.1 Hjtbdbibjtbs.........................................................................................................................89 8.4 Oafbtmvos...............................................................................................................................8= 8.9 Fustmnmdhdmôj b meporthjdmh...................................................................................................13 8.2 Gmpôtbsms...............................................................................................................................18 MM. Ehrdo tbôrmdo.............................................................................................................................11 1.8 Shvmebjto n`bxma`b................................................................................................................11 1.1 Yrhthembjtos supbrnmdmh`bs....................................................................................................11 1.4 Nujdmojbs ib `os trhthembjtos supbrnmdmh`bs.........................................................................14 MMM. Eítoio......................................................................................................................................12 4.8 Ympo ib mjvbstmkhdmôj...........................................................................................................12
4.1 Èeamto tbeporh` y bsphdmh`..................................................................................................12 4.4 ^hrmha`bs...............................................................................................................................48 4.9 Soa`hdmôj y eubstrh.............................................................................................................48 4.2 Mjstruebjtos.........................................................................................................................41 4.> Srodbimembjtos.....................................................................................................................41 4.; Hjè`msms ib ihtos...................................................................................................................44 M^. Qbsu`thios................................................................................................................................;4 9.8 Imsbøo ib phvmebjtos...........................................................................................................;4 9.1 Dè`du`o ib bspbsorbs ib` phvmebjto ib hdubrio h `hs h`tbrjhtmvhs ib trhthembjto.............838 ^. Imsdusmôj ib rbsu`thios...........................................................................................................83> ^M. Dojd`usmojbs..........................................................................................................................837 ^MM. Qbdoebjihdmojbs.................................................................................................................881 ^MMM. Qbnbrbjdmhs..........................................................................................................................884 MW. Hjbxos....................................................................................................................................882 Hjbxo 386 Krènmdos ib eoib`hdmôj ib trèjsmto........................................................................88> Hjbxo 316 S`hjos..................... S`hjos........................................ ...................................... ........................................ ........................................ ............................ ......... ...... ............ ......... ... 887
Åjimdb ib nmkurhs Nmkurh 86 Ramdhdmôj ib `h våh bvmthembjto Fhíj..............................................................................1;
Nmkurh 16 Ehph ib hddbsmam`mihi våh tbrrbstrb @meh — Fhíj............................................................1= Nmkurh 46 Mjmdmo ib` Yrhzo, sb oasbrvh `h prbsbjdmh ib sub`os nmjos...............................................4> Nmkurh 96 Yrheo ib` Le 3=+383 h` Le 3=+8>36 (Ehrkbj ibrbdgh ib` Qåo Heofu) sb oasbrvh sub`os krhju`hrbs bj `h rmabrh ib` råo..............................................................................................4; Nmkurh 26 Dhjtbrh ‐@h Sbr`h― Qmo Dghehyh...................................................................................22 Nmkurh >6 Dhjtbrh ‐@h Sbr`h― — Qåo Dghehyh (^msth phjorèemdh)................................................2> Nmkurh ;6 Dhjtbrh ]hjhyhdu (råo Heofö).......................................................................................>3 Nmkurh 76 Meèkbjbs ib dhjtbrh ]hjhyhdu.......................................................................................;1 Nmkurh =6 Eoib`hdmôj ib trèjsmto — Ôvh`o Hrhjh-^mih` (^msth bj 1I)........................................88; Nmkurh 836 Eoib`hdmôj ib trèjsmto — Ôvh`o Hrhjh-^mih` (^msth ib `h Tmeu`hdmôj).....................88; Nmkurh 886 S`hjo J³8 ib Tbddmojbs tåpmdhs h`tbrjhtmvhs...............................................................88= Nmkurh 816 S`hjo J³1 ib Tbddmojbs tåpmdhs h`tbrjhtmvhs...............................................................88=
Åjimdb ib tha`hs Yha`h 86 Bxdhvhdmôj ehjuh` h dmb`o hambrto (dh`mdhths).................................................................42 Yha`h 16 Dhrhdtbråstmdhs ib` tbrrbjo y `h suarhshjtb h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 38..............................47 Yha`h 46 Dhrhdtbråstmdhs ib` tbrrbjo y `h suarhshjtb h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 31..............................4= Yha`h 96 Dojimdmôj supbrnmdmh` hdtuh` — duhiro8 - h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 38................................98 Yha`h 26 Dojimdmôj supbrnmdmh` hdtuh` — duhiro 1 - h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 38...............................91 Yha`h >6 Dojimdmôj supbrnmdmh` hdtuh` — duhiro 4 - h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 38...............................94 Yha`h ;6 Dojimdmôj supbrnmdmh` hdtuh` —duhiro 8 - h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 31................................99 Yha`h 76 Dojimdmôj supbrnmdmh` hdtuh` — duhiro 1 - h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 31...............................92 Yha`h =6 Dojimdmôj supbrnmdmh` hdtuh` — duhiro 4 - h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 31...............................9> Yha`h 836 Tbdtorbs goeokíjbos — h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 38 — duhiro 8.......................................9=
Yha`h 886 Tbdtorbs goeokíjbos — h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 38 — duhiro 1.......................................23 Yha`h 816 Tbdtorbs goeokíjbos — h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 31 — duhiro 8.......................................28 Yha`h 846 Tbdtorbs goeokíjbos — h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 31 — duhiro 1.......................................21 Yha`h 896 Qbjimembjtos ib `h Dhjtbrh ‐@h Sbr`h — Qmo Dghehyh―................................................2> Yha`h 826 Doephrhtmvo ib Qbsu`thios ib Bjshyos doj `os Qbqubrmembjtos..................................2=
Yha`h 8>6 Qbjimembjtos ib `h Dhjtbrh ‐]hjhyhdu―.......................................................................>8 Yha`h 8;6 Doephrhtmvo ib Qbsu`thios ib Bjshyos doj `os Qbqubrmembjtos..................................>9 Yha`h 876 ^o`uebj rbqubrmio ib hkrbkhios — h`tbrjhtmvh j³38/31................................................>2 Yha`h 8=6 Tmeao`okåh ib usos y trhthembjtos ib dhjtbrhs..............................................................>> Yha`h 136 Nmdgh ib dhrhdtbrmzhdmôj y bxp`othdmôj ib dhjtbrh Dghehyh — Duhiro 8......................>7 Yha`h 186 Nmdgh ib dhrhdtbrmzhdmôj y bxp`othdmôj ib dhjtbrh Dghehyh — Duhiro 1......................>= Yha`h 116 Nmdgh ib dhrhdtbrmzhdmôj y bxp`othdmôj ib dhjtbrh ]hjhyhdu — Duhiro 8.....................;8 Yha`h 146 Nmdgh ib dhrhdtbrmzhdmôj y bxp`othdmôj ib dhjtbrh ]hjhyhdu — Duhiro 1.....................;1 Yha`h 196 Åjimdb Eíimo Imèrmo Hjuh` — MEIh - Bsthdmôj B8 — Krmno Fhíj (^bg/imh)...................;7 Yha`h 126 Åjimdb Ebimo Imhrmo Hjuh` — MEIh Bsthdmôj B4 — Th`mih ib Fhíj (^bg/imh)...............;= Yha`h 1>6 Yrènmdos ib @hrkh imsthjdmh ib `h Bsthdmôj B8 y Bsthdmôj B4........................................73 Yha`h 1;6 Yrènmdo Ibsvmhio qub Rshrè `h ^åh ib Bvmthembjto Jortb. (Bxphjimio).......................78 Yha`h 176 Yrènmdo ibsvmhio qub ushrè `h ^åh ib Bvmthembjto Tur (Bxphjimio).............................71 Yha`h 1=6 B`hstmdmihibs ib trènmdo...................................................................................................79 Yha`h 436 Sroybddmôj ib Yrènmdo ^åh ib Bvmthembjto Jortb..........................................................72 Yha`h 486Dè`du`o ib` BH@ sbköj `hs dhrkhs rbh`bs hdtuhjtbs soarb b` phvmebjto våh ib bvmthembjto jortb............................................................................................................................=3 bvmthembjto
Yha`h 416 Hjè`msms ib bfbs bqumvh`bjtbs hdueu`hios......................................................................=8 Yha`h 446 Hjè`msms ib bfbs bqumvh`bjtbs hdueu`hios......................................................................=2 Yha`h 496 Duhiro rbsuebj ib bjshyos DAQ..................................................................................=> Yha`h 426 DAQ ib dh`mdhths............................................................................................................=; Yha`h 4>6 ^h`orbs rbdoebjihios ib Jmvb`bs ib dojnmham`mihi......................................................=7 Yha`h 4;6 Ibsvmhdmôj bstèjihr joreh` (Vr)....................................................................................== Yha`h 476 Åjimdb ib sbrvmdmham`mihi (Sm)........................................................................................838 Yha`h 4=6 H`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo J³8 — Ebzd`h hsnè`tmdh bj dh`mbjtb..............................................831 Yha`h 936 H`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo J³8 — Yrhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph..........................................834 Yha`h 986 H`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo J³1 — Ebzd`h hsnè`tmdh bj dh`mbjtb..............................................839 Yha`h 916 H`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo J³1 — Yrhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph..........................................832 Yha`h 946 Qbsuebj ib Bspbsorbs ib` Shvmebjto Sroybdthio......................................................837 Yha`h 996 H`tbrjhtmvh J³ 86 Tua Ahsb Krhju`hr + Ahsb Krhju`hr + EHD (H`t. Yrhzo J³ 38)....83= Yha`h 926 H`tbrjhtmvh J³ 16 Tua Ahsb Krhju`hr + Ahsb Krhju`hr + YTA (H`t. Yrhzo J³ 38)......83= Yha`h 9>6 H`tbrjhtmvh J³ 46 Tua Ahsb Krhju`hr + Ahsb Krhju`hr + EHD (H`t. Yrhzo J³ 31)....883 Yha`h 9;6 H`tbrjhtmvh J³ 96 Tua Ahsb Krhju`hr + Ahsb Krhju`hr + YTA (H`t. Yrhzo J³ 31)......883
Qbsuebj
@h prbsbjtb tbsms tmtu`hih ‐IMTBØO IB SH^MEBJYOT DOJ H@YBQJHYM^HT IB EBVD@H HTNÈ@YMDH BJ DH@MBJYB ] YQHYHEMBJYO TRSBQNMDMH@ AMDHSH BJ @H ^ÅH IB B^MYHEMBJYO IB @H DMRIHI IB FHÍJ―, tmbjb por nmjh`mihi ibnmjmr dôeo ibab bsthr dojnorehih `h bstrudturh ib` phvmebjto, hså doeo ibsdrmamr `os phrèebtros ib imsbøo ib phvmebjtos h bep`bhrsb, toehjio bj dojsmibrhdmôj h`tbrjhtmvhs ib imsbøo ahshihs bj ebzd`hs hsnè`tmdhs bj dh`mbjtb y trhthembjtos supbrnmdmh`bs amdhph.
B` tbeh b`bkmio phrh `h prbsbjtb tbsms sb fustmnmdh ibamio h qub, hdtuh`ebjtb, bxmstb ibnmdmbjdmh ib mjnrhbstrudturh vmh` bj b` imstrmto ib Fhíj. B` èrbh ib bstuimo sb dhrhdtbrmzh prmjdmph`ebjtb por sus `memthdmojbs bj b` uso ib `os rbdursos jhturh`bs, bj b` hspbdto bdojôemdo y bj b` krhio du`turh` ib `os ghamthjtbs, `o duh` sb ehjmnmbsth bj `os smstbehs ib bxp`othdmôj mjdmpmbjtbs, qub ormkmjhj ujh ahfh proiudtmvmihi ib `h tmbrrh y por dojsmkumbjtb uj ahfo jmvb` ib mjkrbsos. Yh` smtuhdmôj sb toeh eès h`hrehjtb sm dojsmibrheos `hs våhs ib doeujmdhdmôj ibnmdmbjtbs ibnmdm bjtbs y b` h`to dosto ib` trhjsportb h `os ebrdhi ebrdhios os ib dojsueo. dojsueo. Sor b``o `h dojstruddmôj dojstruddmôj ib `h våh ib bvmthembjto bj `h dmuihi ib Fhíj sbrè ib krhj meporthjdmh phrh `h poa`hdmôj rb`hdmojhih.
Sh`harhs d`hvb6 Imsbøo ib phvmebjtos, ebzd`h hsnè`tmdh bj dh`mbjtb, trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph.
Hastrhdt
Ygb prbsbjt tgbsms bjtmt`bi "IBTMKJ ON SH^BEBJYT [MYG H@YBQJHYM^BT ON HTSGH@YMD EMWMJK MJ GOY HJI AMDHSB TRSBQNMDMH@ YQBHYEBJY MJ YGB H^OMIHJDB QORYB ON YGB DMY] ON FHÍJ", ghs hs purposb to ibnmjb gow tgb strudturb on tgb phvbebjt eust ab dojnorebi, hs wb`` hs to ibsdrmab tgb phrhebtbrs on ibsmkj on phvbebjts to ab usbi, thlmjk mjto dojsmibrhtmoj ibsmkj h`tbrjhtmvbs ahsbi oj got hspgh`t emxturbs hji am`hybr surnhdb trbhtebjts.
Ygb tgbeb dgosbj nor tgms tgbsms ms fustmnmbi abdhusb, durrbjt`y, tgbrb ms h `hdl on rohi mjnrhstrudturb mj tgb imstrmdt on Fhíj. Ygb stuiy hrbh ms ehmj`y dghrhdtbrmzbi ay mts `memthtmojs mj tgb usb on jhturh` rbsourdbs, mj tgb bdojoemd hspbdt hji mj tgb du`turh` ibkrbb on tgb mjghamthjts, wgmdg ms ehjmnbstbi mj tgb systbes on mjdmpmbjt bxp`omthtmoj, wgmdg dhusb `ow proiudtmvmty on tgb `hji hji tgbrbnorb h `ow `bvb` on mjdoeb. Ygms smtuhtmoj ms eorb h`hremjk mn wb dojsmibr tgb poor doeeujmdhtmoj dghjjb`s hji tgb gmkg dost on trhjsport to dojsuebr ehrlbts. Ygbrbnorb, tgb dojstrudtmoj on tgb routb on hvomihjdb mj tgb dmty on Fhíj wm`` ab on krbht meporthjdb nor tgb rb`htbi popu`htmoj.
Lbyworis6 Shvbebjt ibsmkj, got hspgh`t emx, am`hybr surnhdb trbhtebjt.
M. Mjt Mjtroiu roiuddm ddmôj ôj
@h prbsbjtb tbsms surkb ib `h jbdbsmihi qub prbsbjth `h Dmuihi ib Fhíj ib posbbr ujh våh ib bvmthembjto qub pbremth h sus ghamthjtbs ujh doeujmdhdmôj n`umih doj otros puba`os phrh b` trhjsportb y doebrdmo ib sus proiudtos hkropbduhrmos< toio b``o doj b` oafbtmvo ib b`bvhr `h dh`mihi ib vmih ib `os poa`hiorbs.
Tb gh ibtbremjhio b` Imsbøo ib phvmebjto phrh `hs ios h`tbrjhtmvhs ib trhzos, y phrh dhih trhzo sb gh ibtbremjhio `os bspbsorbs h jmvb` ib Ebzd`h Hsnè`tmdh bj Dh`mbjtb (phrh uj Sbrmoio ib Imsbøo ib 83 høos) y Yrhthembjto Tupbrnmdmh` Amdhph (phrh uj pbrmoio ib Imsbøo ib 32 høos).
Ibjtro ib `os `okros eès meporthjtbs h`dhjzhios bj `h prbsbjtb tbsms sb pubib ebjdmojhr qub ebimhjtb b` imsbøo ib phvmebjtos doj h`tbrjhtmvhs ib ebzd`h hsnè`tmdh bj dh`mbjtb y trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph sb poirè optmemzhr b` trèjsmto vbgmdu`hr bj `h våh ib bvmthembjto ib `h Dmuihi ib Fhíj.
Hdtuh`ebjtb b` èrbh ib mjn`ubjdmh ib `h våh ib bvmthembjto h bfbduthrsb bj `h dmuihi ib Fhíj bs ib meporthjdmh sodmobdojôemdh phrh `h poa`hdmôj rb`hdmojhih, bj tíremjos ib hdtmvmihibs doebrdmh`bs, hkropbduhrmhs y norbsth`bs, hibeès ib qub `h dojstruddmôj ib bsth våh dojtrmaumrè h `h dojbxmôj b mjtbkrhdmôj ib `os puba`os bxmstbjtbs.
8.8 Ibsdrmp Ibsdrmpdmôj dmôj y noreu`hd noreu`hdmôj môj ib` proa`be proa`behh
Hdtuh`ebjtb b` èrbh ib mjn`ubjdmh ib `h våh ib bvmthembjto h bfbduthrsb bj `h dmuihi ib Fhíj bs ib meporthjdmh sodmobdojôemdh phrh `h poa`hdmôj rb`hdmojhih, bj tíremjos ib hdtmvmihibs doebrdmh`bs, hkropbduhrmhs y norbsth`bs, hibeès ib qub `h dojstruddmôj ib bsth våh dojtrmaumrè h `h dojbxmôj b mjtbkrhdmôj ib `os puba`os bxmstbjtbs.
Sor b``o `h prbsbjtb tbsms propojirè b` imsbøo ib phvmebjto h dojstrumrsb h trhvís ib` bep`bo ib h`tbrjhtmvhs ahshihs bj ebzd`hs hsnè`tmdhs bj dh`mbjtb y b` trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph.
Hså, `h prbsbjtb tbsms ausdh rbspojibr `hs smkumbjtbs prbkujths6
¿Dôeo ibab bsthr dojnorehih `h bstrudturh ib` phvmebjto h dojstrumrsb bj `h våh ib bvmthembjto ib `h dmuihi ib Fhíj?
¿Duè`bs soj `os phrèebtros ib imsbøo ib phvmebjtos h bep`bhrsb?
¿Duè` bs `h h`tbr h`tbrjhtmv jhtmvhh ib imsbøo eès hpropm hpropmhih hih phrh b` phvmebjto phvmebjto dojstrumrsb6 dojstrumrsb6 `h ebzd`h hsnè`tmdh bj dh`mbjtb o b` trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph?
8. 8.11 Hjtb Hjtbdbib dbibjtb jtbss
h)
Bj b` èeamto mjtbrjhdmojh`
Ortbkh & Shtbrjmjh (1381) sbøh`hj bj `h tbsms tmtu`hih ‐Sropubsth phrh `h mep`bebjthdmôj ib ebzd`hs hsnè`tmdhs tmamhs bj `h dmuihi ib Ebib``mj―, tbsms phrh opthr b` tåtu`o ib Bspbdmh`msth bj ^åhs y Yrhjsportb por `h Rjmvbrsmihi ib Ebib``åj — Do`oeamh, tmbjb por oafbtmvo prmjdmph`, ibtbremjhr `h vmham`mihi ib `h utm`mzhdmôj ib `hs ebzd`hs hsnè`tmdhs tmamhs bj `h dmuihi ib Ebib``åj ebimhjtb `h mep`bebjthdmôj ib bxpbrmbjdmhs hiqumrmihs bj otros phåsbs, doj b` nmj ib oatbjbr abjbnmdmos heambjth`bs, tídjmdos y bdojôemdos, hså emseo, khrhjtmzhr uj doeporthembjto smem`hr o supbrmor h ujh ebzd`h hsnè`tmdh dojvbjdmojh`.
Ybjmbjio doeo rbsu`thio `hs smkumbjtbs dojd`usmojbs6
Hjh Hjh`mz `mzhji hjioo `h mjn mjnore orehdm hdmôj ôj rbdo rbdopm` pm`hih hih ib `h ama`m ama`mokrh okrhnåh nåh phrh phrh rbh`mzh rbh`mzhrr bstb bstb bstuim bstuimoo
ioduebjth`, b` duh` sb tmbjbj rbsu`thios ib `haorhtormo y prubahs bj trheos ib våhs bj otros phåsbs, poibeos hnmrehr qub `h propubsth ib `h mep`bebjthdmôj ib ebzd`hs hsnè`tmdh tmam tmamhs hs bj `h dm dmuih uihii ib Ebib Ebib`` ``åj åj bs uj ujhh kr krhj hj so`ud so`udmô môjj phrh phrh em emjm jmem emzhr zhr b` me meph phdt dtoo ebimoheambjth` qub kbjbrhj `h bemsmôj ib khsbs ibamio h `h doeaustmôj y dh`bjthembjto ib `os ehtbrmh`bs, ausdhjio dojdmbjtmzhr h `os pronbsmojh`bs ib mjkbjmbråh, beprbshs, y bjtmihibs ib ibshrro``o.
Sor thjto, bs uj krhj hportb bsth jubvh tbdjo`okåh ib emtmkhr b` mephdto ebimoheambjth`,
ibamio h `h proa`beètmdh ib dojthemjhdmôj qub prbsbjth `h dmuihi Ebib``åj y b` Èrbh Ebtropo`mthjh ib Hjtmoqumh, bj duhjto h `h nharmdhdmôj ib ebzd`hs hsnè`tmdhs bj dh`mbjtb, y himdmojh` h bsto `h dojthemjhdmôj qub ormkmjhj `hs mjiustrmhs jo dojtro`hihs `hs bemsmojbs, `os vbgådu`os hutoeotorbs ib sbrvmdmos pöa`mdos, phrtmdu`hrbs, vbgådu`os pbshios, bjtrb otros.
@hs bxpbrmbjdmhs bxpbrmbjdmhs ib prubahs ib `haorhtorm `haorhtormoo rbh`mz rbh`mzhio hio bj otros phåsbs, bvmibjdmh qub tmbjb
ujh ujh aub aubjh jh rbsms rbsmstb tbjd jdmh mh ebdè ebdèjm jmdh dh y ibsbe ibsbepb pbøo øo pr proiu oiudm dmihs ihs h ebjor ebjor tb tbep epbr brht hturh urh,, doephrèjiosb h ujh ebzd`h hsnè`tmdh dh`mbjtb tmbjb uj doeporthembjto smem`hr o ghsth supbrmor qub ísth ebzd`h hsnè`tmdh.
Xubmro`o (133=) sbøh`h bj b` trhahfo ib krhiuhdmôj tmtu`hio ‐Tbkumembjto ib uj ioa`b trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` phrh dhemjo ib h`to trèjsmto―, trhahfo ib krhiuhdmôj phrh oatbjbr b` tåtu`o ib Mjkbjmbro Dmvm` por `h Rjmvbrsmihi ib Dgm`b — Dgm`b, tmbjb por oafbtmvo prmjdmph`, bvh`uhr b` doeporthembjto ib uj phvmebjto ib` tmpo ioa`b trhthembjto supbrnmdmh`, imsbøhio bstrudturh`ebjtb phrh uj dhemjo ib h`to trèjsmto.
Ybjmbjio doeo rbsu`thio `hs smkumbjtbs dojd`usmojbs6
doeport orthe hemb mbjt jtoo bst bstrud rudtu turh rh`` ib ib`` IYT IYT do dojst jstrum rumio io bj b` 1339 1339 do doeo eo ebim ebimih ih ib B` doep rbgham`mthdmôj ib `h Quth 2 Jortb, Tbdtor Dghøhrh` — @åemtb Qbkmojh`, bstè dojimdmojhio h qub qub bj tbor tboråh åh su bst bstrud rudtu turh rhdm dmôj ôj doj dojtb tbep ep`h `h ujh dh dhrp rpbt bthh hsnè` hsnè`tm tmdh dh ah ahfo fo `h ah ahsb, sb, jo dojnorehjio b` tmpo ib bstrudturh trhimdmojh` phrh bstb tmpo ib phvmebjto, qub sbråh ujh suaahsb krhju`hr, ujh ahsb krhju`hr y uj ioa`b trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` doeo dhph ib protbddmôj.
bstuimo ib` doeporthembjto doeporthembjto nujdmojh nujdmojh`` ib `h supbrnmdmb ib IYT phrh bstb Sor otro `hio, b` bstuimo trhahfo ib tåtu`o, theamíj bstè dojimdmojhio por `hs hp`mdhdmojbs ib `bdghih hsnè`tmdh sbköj mjspbddmôj vmsuh` y por `os trhahfos bj oarh qub bsthahj rbh`mzhjio iurhjtb `hs mjspbddmojbs tídjmdhs ib sbptmbearb ib` 1337.
Tbköj b` hjè`msms ib ebimdmojbs ib ibn`bdtoebtråh ib mephdto doj b` N[I, `h bstrudturh
ib IYT dojtbep`hih ibsib `h rbgham`mthdmôj ib` sbdtor, sb gh ehjtbjmio bj euy aubjhs dojimdmojbs iurhjtb bstos dmjdo høos bj sbrvmdmo.
Tbköj b` bstuimo ib trèjsmto, `hs so`mdmthdmojbs qub ghj hnbdthio h` phvmebjto, bj b`
pbråoio 1339 - 1337, sbråhj ebjorbs h `hs dojsmibrhihs bj b` imsbøo, `o qub gh mjn`umio bj b` aubj doeporthembjto bstrudturh` ib` phvmebjto `ubko ib `h rbgham`mthdmôj. B` imsbøo h 2, 83 y 13 høos bs sô`o ujh mjnorehdmôj rbnbrbjdmh`, yh qub embjtrhs jo sb imspojkh ib` ihto soarb `h vbrihibrh bstrudturh qub ghy ahfo b` IYT, jo sb pubib ibtbremjhr `h vmih rbehjtb bnbdtmvh por b` eítoio dojvbjdmojh`.
a)
Bj b` èeamto jhdmojh`
Hkum`hr & Th`hs (1381) sbøh`hj bj `h tbsms tmtu`hih ‐Doephrhdmôj bjtrb trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph y hsnh`to bj dh`mbjtb, bj `h rbgham`mthdmôj ib `h dhrrbtbrh Dghdhdghdh-]ujkuyoLhshjm―, tbsms phrh oatbjbr b` tåtu`o pronbsmojh` ib Mjkbjmbro Dmvm` por `h Rjmvbrsmihi Dhtô`mdh ib Thjth Thj th Ehr Ehråh åh — Sbrö Sbrö,, tm tmbjb bjb por oaf oafbtm btmvo vo prmjdm prmjdmph` ph`,, prbsbjt prbsbjthr hr ujh so` so`udm udmôj ôj qub khrh khrhjtm jtmdb db `h sbrvmdmham`mihi ib `h våh ujh vbz qub bstb bfbduthio, do`haorhjio ib bsth ehjbrh doj b` ibshrro``o bdojôemdo ib `os dbjtros poa`hios h`bihøos.
Ybjmbjio doeo rbsu`thio `hs smkumbjtbs dojd`usmojbs6
Shrh `h ibtbremjhdmôj ib `os bspbsorbs sb gh bep`bhio doeo ahsb b` Ehjuh` phrh Dhrrbtbrhs Shvmebjthihs ib Ahfo ^o`uebj ib trèjsmto (b`haorhih por b` EYD 1337) y `h kuåh ib imsbøo HHTGYO vbrsmôj 8==4, phrh b` imsbøo ib Shvmebjtos N`bxma`bs.
H nmj ib oatbjbr aubjos rbsu`thios phrh b` imsbøo bstrudturh` ib phvmebjtos, `hs zojhs ib ebforhembjto ib ahsb ibabj ib ehjtbjbrsb doj hibduhio dojtro` tídjmdo.
Tb hiopthj `os vh`orbs ib DAQ phrh rodh, doj p`bjo dojodmembjto qub jo bxmstb imdgo bjshyo phrh rodhs (por `o ebjos bj `h zojh), smj beahrko, bj dojsu`th doj bxpbrtos bj b` tbeh ib bjshyos phrh dhrrbtbrhs, sb pubib hiopthr duhjtmthtmvhebjtb uj vh`or ib DAQ ib imsbøo phrh `os ehtbrm ehtbrmh`bs h`bs prbsbjtbs bj `hs dhjtbrhs, `o duh` bj dhepo rbn`bfhrhj vh`orbs sbebfhjtbs h ujh dhjtbrh ib pmbirh dghjdhih.
Dôjior (138>) sbøh`h bj `h tbsms tmtu`hih ‐Yrhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph doj beu`smôj hsnè`tmdh ib `h dhrrbtbrh ^h``b ]hdus provmjdmh ib Fhufh — Qbkmôj Fujåj 1382―, tbsms phrh oatbjbr b` tåtu`o pronbsmojh` ib Mjkbjmbro Dmvm` por `h Rjmvbrsmihi Sbruhjh @os Hjibs — Sbrö, tmbjb por oafbtmvo prmjdmph`, ibtbremjhr sm `h hp`mdhdmôj ib beu`smôj hsnè`tmdh doeo trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph mjn`uyb bj `h dojsbrvhdmôj ib dhrrbtbrhs dhrr btbrhs jo phvmebjthihs, ^h``b ]hdus, Srovmjdmh ib Fhufh — Qbkmôj Fujåj.
Ybjmbjio doeo rbsu`thio `hs smkumbjtbs dojd`usmojbs6
@h hp`mdhdmôj ib beu`smôj hsnè`tmdh doeo trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph, mjn`uyb
smkjmnmdhtmvhebjtb bj uj ;;% sb rbdghzh `h G3.
Tb ``bkô h bstha`bdbr qub `h hp`mdhdmôj ib ujh ebtoio`okåh y imsbøo hibduhio ib `h
beu`smôj hsnè`tmdh doeo trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph, pbremtb bj uj 91% b`bvhr b` jmvb` ib sbrvmdmham`mihi y sb rbdghzh `h G3. (H).
Tb ``bkô h ibtbremjhr qub uj prodbimembjto ib jorehs hp`mdha`bs hibduhihs phrh `h
b`haorhdmôj ib ujh beu`smôj hsnè`tmdh, bs jbdbshrmo bj uj 4;% sb rbdghzh `h G3. (A)
Tb ``bkô h dojodbr qub `hs dhrhdtbråst dhrhdtbråstmdhs mdhs nåsmdo — ebdèjm ebdèjmdhs dhs soj gbtbrokíjbhs gbtbrokíjbhs bj uj 18%
sb rbdghzh `h G3. (D).
8. 8.44 Oafb Oafbtmv tmvos os
h)
Oafbtmvo kbjbrh`
Imsbøhr b` phvmebjto ib `h våh ib bvmthembjto h dojstrumrsb bj `h dmuihi ib Fhíj doj `hs h`tbrjhtmvhs ib ebzd`h hsnè`tmdh bj dh`mbjtb y trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph.
a)
Oafbtmvos bspbdånmdos
Ibnmjmr dôeo ibab bsthr dojnorehih `h bstrudturh ib` phvmebjto h dojstrumrsb bj `h våh ib bvmthembjto ib `h dmuihi ib Fhíj.
Ibsdrmamr `os phrèebtros ib imsbøo ib phvmebjtos h bep`bhrsb.
8.9 Fustmnm Fustmnmdhdmôj dhdmôj b mepo meporthjdm rthjdmhh
B` tbeh b`bkmio phrh `h prbsbjtb tbsms sb fustmnmdh ibamio h qub, hdtuh`ebjtb, bxmstb ibnmdmbjdmh ib mjnrhbstrudturh vmh` bj b` imstrmto ib Fhíj. B` èrbh ib bstuimo sb dhrhdtbrmzh prmjdmph`ebjtb por sus `memthdmojbs bj b` uso ib `os rbdursos jhturh`bs, bj b` hspbdto bdojôemdo y bj b` krhio du`turh` ib `os ghamthjtbs, `o duh` sb ehjmnmbsth bj `os smstbehs ib bxp`othdmôj mjdmpmbjtbs, qub ormkmjhj ujh ahfh proiudtmvmihi ib `h tmbrrh y por dojsmkumbjtb uj ahfo jmvb` ib mjkrbsos. Yh` smtuhdmôj sb toeh eès h`hrehjtb sm dojsmibrheos `hs våhs ib doeujmdhdmôj ibnmdmbjtbs ibnmdm bjtbs y b` h`to dosto ib` trhjsportb h `os ebrdhi ebrdhios os ib dojsueo. dojsueo. Sor b``o `h dojstruddmôj dojstruddmôj ib `h våh ib bvmthembjto bj `h dmuihi ib Fhíj sbrè ib krhj meporthjdmh phrh `h poa`hdmôj rb`hdmojhih.
8. 8.22 Gmp Gmpôtbs ôtbsms ms
Bep`bhjio ebzd`hs hsnè`tmdhs bj dh`mbjtb o uj trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph bj b` imsbøo ib phvmebjtos phvmebjtos sb poirè dojstru dojstrumr mr phvmebjt phvmebjtos os bnmdm bnmdmbjtbs bjtbs bj `h våh ib bvmthembjto bvmthembjto ib `h dmuihi ib Fhíj.
MM. Ehr Ehrdo do tbô tbôrmd rmdoo
1.8 Shvmeb Shvmebjto jto nn`bxma `bxma`b `b
Hkum`hr & Th`hs (1381) sbøh`hj qub6
Ibsib b` pujto ib vmsth ib imsbøo, `os phvmebjtos n`bxma`bs bstèj dojnorehios por ujh sbrmb ib dhphs ibsib `h p`hthnoreh ib `h suarhshjtb (h`kujos mjd`uybj doeo phrtb ib` phvmebjto `h ö`tmeh dhph ib `h suarhshjtb) ghsth `h supbrnmdmb ib roihiurh. @h imstrmaudmôj ib `h dhrkh bstè ibtbremjhi ibtbremjhihh por `hs dhrhdtbrås dhrhdtbråstmdhs tmdhs propmhs ib` smstbeh ib bstrudt bstrudturhdmô urhdmôj. j. Bstb tmpo ib phvme phvmebjto bjto bstè doepubsto por dhphs imspubst imspubsths hs bj oribj ibsdbjibjtb ibsdbjibjtb sbköj `h dhphdmihi ib dhrkh (p.48)
1.1 Yrhthem Yrhthembjtos bjtos supbrnm supbrnmdmh`b dmh`bss
Hkum`hr & Th`hs (1381) sbøh`hj qub6
Tb ibnmjb uj trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` doeo ujh supbrnmdmb hsnè`tmdh qub rbsu`th ib ujh o eès hp`mdhdmojbs sudbsmvhs y h`tbrjhihs ib `mkhjtb hsnè`tmdo y èrmio soarb ujh ahsb krhju`hr o soarb uj phvmebjto bxmstbjtb ib hsnh`to o i goremkôj, tbjmbjio por nmjh`mihi b` ebforhr o dojsbrvhr `hs dhrhdtbråstmdhs nåsmdhs y ebdèjmdhs ib `hs supbrnmdmbs hså trhthihs.
Hkum`hr & Th`hs (1381) sbøh`hj qub6
Ib hdubrio h` jöebro ib hp`mdhdmojbs ib hsnh`to y èrmios, bstos rbdmabj b` joearb ib trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` smep`b, ioa`b, trmp`b o eö`tmp`b. Yheamíj sb dojsmibrhj trh trhthe thembj mbjtos tos supb supbrnm rnmdmh dmh`bs `bs h h`kujos h`kujos tmpos tmpos ib ebzd`h ebzd`h hsnè`t hsnè`tmdh mdh-hkr -hkrbkhi bkhios. os. Yoi Yoios os `os trhthembjtos supbrnmdmh`bs sb``hj y pro`ojkhj `h vmih ib `hs dhrrbtbrhs. Yrhthembjto hsnè`tmdo ib supbrnmdmb (hspgh`t surnhdb trbhtebjt) bs uj tíremjo hep`mo qub bjk`oah vhrmos tmpos ib hp`mdhdmojbs doj hsnh`to y hsnh`tohkrbkhio, usuh`ebjtb ib ebjos ib 12ee (8p`k) ib bspbso y hp`mdhio h duh`qumbr tmpo ib supbrnmdmb ib` dhemjo. @h supbrnmdmb ib` dhemjo pubib sbr ujh ahsb krhju`hr meprmehih, uj hsnh`to bxmstbjtb o uj phvmebjto ib goremkôj ib dbebjto port`hji `os trhthembjtos ib supbrnmdmb hp`mdhios h uj phvmebjto bxmstbjtb soj h ebjuio ``hehios rmbko ib sb``hio (p.4>)
1.4 Nujdmo Nujdmojbs jbs ib `os trhthem trhthembjtos bjtos supbrnmdmh`bs supbrnmdmh`bs
Hkum`hr & Th`hs (1381) sbøh`hj qub6
@hs prmjdmph`bs prmjdmph`bs nujdmoj nujdmojbs bs ib `os trhth trhthembjt embjtos os supbrnm supbrnmdmh`bs dmh`bs soj6 Srotbkbr `h supbrnmdmb supbrnmdmb ib `h ahsb bstham`mzhih ib `h hddmôj brosmvh y bsnubrzos thjkbjdmh`bs proiudmios por `os jbueètmdos ib `os vbgådu`os. Srotbkbr `h bstrudturh ib` dhemjo ib `h hddmôj ib` d`meh, prmjdmph`ebjtb ib `hs mjnm`trhdmojbs ib hkuh qub poiråhj doeproebtbr `h bstham`mihi ib `hs dhphs krhju`hrbs.
Hkum`hr & Th`hs (1381) sbøh`hj qub6
Hsbkurhr uj jmvb` ib higbrbjdmh eåjmeo bjtrb jbueètmdo y supbrnmdmb ib `h dh`zhih. Tu bfbdudmôj bj noreh bnmdmbjtb pbremtb `h oatbjdmôj ib uj trhthembjto bdojôemdo, ib dojst dojstrud ruddm dmôj ôj sm smep ep`b `b y iu iurha rha`b `b.. Hp`m Hp`mdh dhio ioss so soarb arb ujh ah ahsb sb kr krhju hju`h `hr, r, su bn bnbd bdto to ib mepbrebham`mzhdmôj pbremtb qub bsth dojsbrvb su dhphdmihi ib soportb hibduhih. Hp`mdhios soarb phvmebjtos bxmstbjtbs ib hsnh`to o ib goremkôj, pro`ojkhj `h iurham`mihi ib `h dh`zhih (p.93)
MMM.. Eí MMM Eíto toio io
4.8 Ympo i ibb mjvbs mjvbstmkhdm tmkhdmôj ôj
Hp`mdhih.
4.1 Èeamto tbeporh tbeporh`` y bsphdmh` bsphdmh`
@h prbsbjtb tbsms sb ahshrè bj b` proybdto Dojstruddmôj ib `h våh ib bvmthembjto ib `h Dmuihi ib Fhíj, b` duh` sb bjdubjtrh uamdhio bj b` ibphrthebjto y rbkmôj rbk môj ib Dhfhehrdh, provmjdmh ib Fhíj, bj `h furmsimddmôj imstrmth` ib Fhíj. @h oarh oa rh sbrè prôxmehebjtb bfbduthih.
Ramdhdmôj
B` èrbh ib mjn`u mjn`ubjdmh bjdmh ib` proybdto bj bstuim bstuimoo sb bjdubjtrh bjdubjtrh uamdhio bj b` ibphrthebjto ibphrthebjto ib Dhfhehrdh, Dhfhe hrdh, ibsib b` Le 88+733 (dhrrbt (dhrrbtbrh brh Dghehyh — Fhíj — Thj Mkjhdmo) Mkjhdmo) ghsth b` Le 11+743 (zojh ib @mjibros), bj `h Quth Jhdmojh` SB-2J o `ojkmtuimjh` ib `h sb`vh jortb.
Hddbsmam`mihi
H` èrbh ib bstuimo, sb pubib hddbibr sh`mbjio ib `h dmuihi ib @meh por `h dhrrbtbrh Shjhebrmdhjh Jortb (SB-8J), ghsth b` ibsvmô h O`eos, phshjio `h dmuihi ib @heahybqub, por `h ruth jhdmojh` SB-8JF por `hs `odh`mihibs ib Sujto Duhtro, Eodgmeu, Yudueb, M``meo, Sodorh, Fhyhjdh, Eotupb, B` Drudb (O`eos), phrh beph`ehr doj `h ruth SB-39A smkumbjio por `hs `odh`mihibs ib @meôj y Yheao (Subjtb Guhjdhaheah), bj b` ibphrthebjto ib Smurh.
Tb dojtmjuh por `h ruth SB-4J bj b` ibphrthebjto ib Dhfhehrdh, por `hs `odh`mihibs ib Kuhyhao, Sudhrè, S`hyh Hzu`, Dgmp`b (Subjtb Dhyhyud), dojtmjuhjio por `h ruth SB-39D por `h `odh`mihi ib Duydh y beph`ehr doj `h ruth SB-32J bj `h `odh`mihi ib Dghehyh, dojtmjuhjio por bsth ghsth b` mjkrbso ib `h dmuihi ib Fhíj Le 88+733 (Krmno Fhíj), mjmdmo ib `h våh bj bstuimo (Le 33+333).
Ibsib `h dmuihi ib @meh, theamíj sb pubib hddbibr h Fhíj våh hírbh, por vub`o doebrdmh` @meh — Hbropubrto Tgueah, qub imsth 8= Le ib `h dmuihi ib Fhíj, ibsib b` duh` sb pubib rbtorjhr ghsth b` mjkrbso ib `h dmuihi ib Fhíj Le 88+733 ib `h ruth SB-2J (Krmno Fhíj), mjmdmo ib `h våh bj bstuimo (Le 33+333).
Nmkurh 86 Ramdhdmôj ib `h våh bvmthembjto Fhíj
Nubjtb6 MKJ.
D`meh
Sor su uamdhdmôj kbokrènmdh (dbfh ib sb`vh) `b dorrbspojib uj d`meh suatropmdh`, iojib prbsbjth ujh tbepbrhturh ebimh hjuh` ib` hmrb qub osdm`h bjtrb 87³D y 11³, `h guebihi rb`htmvh ebimh hjuh` bs ib 79.=%, ``bkèjiosb h dh`mnmdhr doeo ib ‐btbrjo vbrhjo―.
H`tmtui ib `h zojh
Ib hdubrio doj `hs dhrhdtbråstmdhs topokrènmdhs y kboeorno`ôkmdhs `h dmuihi ib Fhíj, prbsbjth b`bvhdmojbs doj h`tmtuibs h 8,333 esje doj ujh d`hsmnmdhdmôj ib d`meh sbem göebio h ehdrotbreh` y vbkbthdmôj tmpo Srhibrh y Yropmdh`.
@h Ybepbrhturh sbköj ihtos ib `h Bsthdmôj D`mehto`ôkmdh Fhíj, rbkmstrh ujh eåjmeh ebjsuh` vhrmha`b bjtrb 8;.1¶D h 13.1¶D, `h tbepbrhturh eèxmeh vhråh bjtrb 43.7¶D h 49.1¶D, embjtrhs qub b` proebimo ebjsuh` osdm`h bjtrb `os 19.;¶D h 1>.7¶D, smbjio `h tbepbrhturh proebimo hjuh` ib 12.=¶D.
@h Srbdmpmthdmôj bs vhrmha`b iurhjtb b` høo, smbjio eåjmehs iurhjtb `os ebsbs ib fujmo h Tbtm Tb tmbe bearb arb,, mjdr mjdrbe bebj bjtè tèjio jiosb sb bjtrb bjtrb `o `oss eb ebsb sbss ib bj bjbro bro h harm` harm`,, rbkms rbkmstr trèji èjiosb osb `h `hss eèxm eèxmeh ehss prbdmpmthdmojbs bj b` ebs ib ehrzo. @h prbdmpmthdmôj toth` hjuh` vhråh bjtrb 444.1 ee h 8,328 ee, smbjio b` proebimo ib prbdmpmthdmôj hjuh` ib ;>3.12 ee, por otro `hio, bj `h dmuihi ib Fhíj b` proebimo ib `h prbdmpmthdmôj eèxmeh bj 19 gorhs bs h`th bj b` ebs ib odtuarb y bjtrb `os ebsbs ib nbarbro h ehyo, bs hså qub sb gh rbkmstrhio vh`orbs ib 77.3 ee.
Nmkurh 16 Ehph ib hddbsmam`mihi våh tbrrbstrb @meh — Fhíj
Nubjtb6 Kook`b Ehps.
Hjtbdbibjtbs ib` proybdto
@h våh ib bvmthembjto ib `h Dmuihi ib Fhíj, sb proybdth ehyorebjtb doeo ujh dojstruddmôj jubvh, doj ujh `ojkmtui ib =+=83 (h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo J³ 38) y =+>94 (h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo J³ 31), bsth våh sb proybdth phrh`b`h h `h dhrrbtbrh Dghehyh —Fhíj - Thj Mkjhdmo.
@h Dhrrbtbrh Dghehyh — Fhíj — Thj Mkjhdmo, noreh phrtb ib `h Qbi ^mh` Jhdmojh`, Quth Jhdmojh` SB -2J, qub bstè dojnorehih por `os smkumbjtbs trheos6
Yrheo M
6 Dghehyh — Fhíj — Le 23+33 3333 (i (ibb 23.3 .377 Le)
Yrheo MMMM
6L Le e 23+333 — Sbrmdos ((L Le ;2 ;2+333)
Yrheo Yrh eo MMMM-8 MM-8
6S Sbrm brmdos dos (Le ;2+333) ;2+333) — Thj Thj Mkjh Mkjhdmo dmo (Le 81;+9=4) 81;+9=4)
Yrheo Yrh eo MMMM-1 MM-1
6T Thj hj Mkjhdmo Mkjhdmo — Subjt Subjtbb Mjtbk Mjtbkrhd rhdmôj môj (nrojtb (nrojtbrh rh ddoj oj
Bduhior).
B` trheo M, bj b` duh` sb bjdubjtrh `h dmuihi ib Fhíj sb bfbdutô bjtrb b` høo 1339 h` høo 1332. Ib `h mjspbddmôj vmsuh` rbh`mzhih sb gh mibjtmnmdhio qub `h våh bxmstbjtb gh tbjmio trhahfos ib ehjtbjmembjto, rhzôj por b` duh` sb gh poimio oasbrvhr qub `h våh bxmstbjtb sb bjdubjtrh bj rbku`hr bsthio ib dojsbrvhdmôj.
4.4 ^hrm ^hrmha` ha`bs bs
•
^hrmha`b mjibpbjimbjtb
Ebzd`h hsnè`tmdh bj dh`mbjtb y trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph.
•
^hrmha`b ibpbjimbjtb
Imsbøo ib phvmebjtos.
4.9 Soa`hd Soa`hdmôj môj y eubstrh
•
Soa`hdmôj
@h poa`hdmôj bs uj dojfujto rbiudmio o m`memthio doj dhrhdtbråstmdhs smem`hrbs phrh `os duh`bs `hs dojd`usmojbs ib `h mjvbstmkhdmôj sbrèj bxtbjshs. Bsth qubih `memthih por `os oafbtmvos y b` proa`beh ib `h mjvbstmkhdmôj. Shrh `h prbsbjtb mjvbstmkhdmôj, b` ujmvbrso poa`hdmojh` bsthrè dojnorehio por våhs bxmstbjtbs bj `h rbkmôj ib Dhfhehrdh.
•
Eubstrh
Rj suadojfujto bspbdånmdo y `memthio qub sb sbphrh ib `h poa`hdmôj bs ibnmjmio doeo ujh eubstrh. Bj `h prbsbjtb tbsms sb toehrè doeo eubstrh ib mjvbstmkhdmôj `h mjnrhbstrudturh vmh` h dojstrumrsb bj `h våh ib bvmthembjto ib `h Dmuihi ib Fhíj.
4.2 Mjst Mjstrue ruebjt bjtos os
Qbvmsmôj ib ioduebjtos6 h trhvís ib bsth tídjmdh sb rbvmshroj jorehs, ehjuh`bs, `maros,
tbsms, btd., rbspbdto h` tbeh ib imsbøo ib phvmebjtos doj trhthembjtos supbrnmdmh`bs. Oasbrvhdmôj6 Bsth tídjmdh pbremtmô rbdo`bdthr mjnorehdmôj vmsth bj dhepo. Bjshyos ib `haorhtormo ib sub`os6 Hjè`msms krhju`oeítrmdo por themzhio< `åemtbs ib
Httbrabrk, dojtbjmio ib guebihi, d`hsmnmdhdmôj TRDT.
4.> Srodbim Srodbimembjtos embjtos
Tb gmzo b` rbdojodmembjto ib dhepo. Tb prodbimô h hjh`mzhr `hs eubstrhs ib sub`o oatbjmihs. Tb prodbimô h rbh`mzhr b` imsbøo ib phvmebjtos n`bxma`bs doj trhthembjtos supbrnmdmh`bs. Tb hjh`mzô `os rbsu`thios oatbjmios bj b` imsbøo doj ebzd`hs hsnè`tmdhs bj dh`mbjtb y
trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph.
4.; Hjè`m Hjè`msms sms i ibb ihto ihtoss
4.;.8 Bstuim Bstuimoo ib ssub`os ub`os
Srokrheh ib trhahfo b mjvbstmkhdmôj rbh`mzhih
B` prokrheh doeprbjimô6
•
Qb Qbdo dopm pm``hdmô hdmôjj y Bv Bvh` h`uh uhdm dmôj ôj ib `h mj mjno nore rehd hdmmôj bx bxmmst stbj bjttb.
•
Mjvbstmkhdmôj ib dhepo
o
Bxp`orhdmôj iibb sub`os — ddhh`mdhths
o
Bvh`uhdm dmôôj vm vmsuh uh`` y rrbbkm kmst strro bst bstrh rhttmkrè rènm nmdo do..
•
Srodbshembjto ib ib mmjjnorehdmôj.
Qbdopm`hdmôj y bvh`uhdmôj ib `h mjnorehdmôj bxmstbjtb.
Shrh b` prbsbjtb bstuimo sb gh bnbdtuhio `h rbdopm`hdmôj y bvh`uhdmôj ib `h smkumbjtb mjnorehdmôj6
Bstuimo ib Tub`os y Dhjtbrhs ib `h dhrrbtbrh Dghehyh — Fhíj — Le 23, b`haorhio por Shdmnmd Dojsu`thjts Mjtbrjhtmojh` — Dbsb`, phrh b` Tmjehd-EYD. Tb gh bvh`uhio y hjh`mzhio `h mjnorehdmôj dojtbjmih bj b` Bstuimo ib Tub`os y Dhjtbrhs hj hjtb tbss eb ebjd jdmo mojh jhio io,, du duyo yoss rb rbsu su`t `thi hios os ib `o `oss bj bjsh shyo yoss ib `h `hao aorh rhto torm rmoo jo joss sb sbrv rvmr mrèj èj ph phrh rh doep`bebjthr `h mjnorehdmôj ib `h mjspbddmôj vmsuh` ib dhepo y bstha`bdbr prb`memjhrebjtb `hs dhrhdtbråstmdhs ib `os sub`os ib` tbrrbjo y ib `h sua rhshjtb ib `hs ruths ehtbrmh ib `h prbsbjtb tbsms, trhtèjiosb ib uj èrbh doj dhrhdtbråstmdhs kbo`ôkmdhs kbotídjmdhs smem`hrbs.
Mjvbstmkhdmôj ib dhepo
Bxdhvhdmôj ib pozos h dmb`o hambrto o dh`mdhths.
Shrh bstmehr prb`memjhrebjtb b` pbrnm` bstrhtmkrènmdo sb rbh`mzô prospbddmojbs ib dhepo ebimhjtb `h bxdhvhdmôj ib dh`mdhths dhih 8333 e. hproxmehihebjtb y imstrmaumihs h `o `hrko ib` bfb ib `h våh proybdthih, doj ujh pronujimihi proebimo ib 8.23 e por ibahfo ib` jmvb` ib tbrrbjo bxmstbjtb.
Mjebimhthebjtb ibspuís ib rbh`mzhih `hs bxdhvhdmojbs sb prodbimbroj h bxtrhbr `hs eubstrhs rbprbsbjthtmvhs phrh `h mjspbddmôj vmsuh` ib` sub`o bjdojtrhio.
Yha`h 86 Bxdhvhdmôj ehjuh` h dmb`o hambrto (dh`mdhths). IHYOT
DOOQIBJHIHT
MYBE DH@MDHYH J³ J³
RYE ([KT 79) JOQYB
SQOK SQOKQB QBTM TM^H ^H @H @HIO IO
BTYB (e)
ERBTYQH
1
4
D-8
D-1
D-4
=”4>1,79=.33 ;92,112.33
=”4>4,9;=.33 ;92,17=.33
=”4>4,=;9.33 ;92,134.33
NQBHYMDH
(e)
DHJYMIHI DOIMKO
(e) 8
SQON. (e)
SQON. JHSH
Le 33+813
Le 33+;93
Le 38+123
I
M
M
E-8
3.33 3.83
---
E-1
3.83 8.23
---
E-8
3.33 3.13
---
E-1
3.13 8.23
E-8
3.33 3.13
E-1
3.13 8.23
1
1
1
-------
9
D-9
=4>2,;31.33
;92,438.33
Le 34+393
I
8
E-8
3.33 8.23
---
2
D-2
=”4>;,311.33 ;92,>94.33
Le 39+223
M
8
E-8
3.33 8.23
---
>
D->
=”4>=,319.33 ;92,9==.33
Le 3>+;33
M
8
E-8
3.33 8.23
---
E-8
3.33 3.13
---
E-1
3.13 8.23
---
E-8
3.33 3.93-
---
E-1
3.93 8.33
J.N
E-8
3.33 3.93
---
E-1
3.93 8.33
J.N
E-8
3.33 3.93
---
E-1
3.93 8.23
---
;
7
=
83
D-;
D-7
D-=
D-83
=”4;3,3;1.33 ;92,788.33
=”4;3,=;;.33 ;92,9=>.333
=”4;8,339.33 ;92,9=1.33
=”4;8,>3;.33 ;92,283.33
Le 37+333
Le 3=+123
Le 3=+1;2
Le 3=+=33
I
M
M
I
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
1
1
1
1
Toarb `h ahsb ib `h d`hsmnmdhdmôj vmsuh` ib `os sub`os bjdojtrhios, sb b`haorô uj pbrnm` bstrhtmkrènmdo prb`memjhr ib` Yrhzo proybdthio, b` duh` pbremtmô bstmehr sbdtorbs ib dhrhdtbråstmdhs smem`h sme m`hrbs< rbs< dojs dojsmib mibrhji rhjioo `hs eubstr eubstrhs hs rbprbsbj rbprbsbjtht thtmvh mvhss kbjbrh` kbjbrh`bs bs y bspbdån bspbdånmdh mdhs< s< `hs kbjbrh` kbjbrh`bs bs pbremtmbroj bstmehr `hs dhrhdtbråstmdhs ib `os sub`os prbioemjhjtbs y smem`hrbs sbkö sbköjj `hs dh`mdhths bsdokmihs, embjtrhs qub `hs bspbdmnmdhs pbremtmbroj bstmehr `hs dhrhdtbråstmdhs ebdèjmdhs ib `os sub`os ib nujihdmôj ib `hs bstrudturhs proybdthihs. Shrh`b`hebjtb h` eubstrbo sb rbh`mzhroj `os rbkmstros ib bxp`orhdmojbs, bj `os qub sb dojsmkh ib noreh vmsuh` `hs imnbrbjtbs dhrhdtbråstmdhs ib `os bstrhtos suayhdbjtbs, th`bs doeo tmpo ib sub`o, bspbsor ib` bstrhto, do`or, guebihi, dojsmstbjdmh y/o doephdmihi, btd. Nmkurh 46 Mjmdmo ib` Yrhzo, sb oasbrvh `h prbsbjdmh ib sub`os nmjos
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Nmkurh 96 Yrheo ib` Le 3=+383 h` Le 3=+8>36 (Ehrkbj ibrbdgh ib` Qåo Heofu) sb oasbrvh sub`os krhju`hrbs bj `h rmabrh ib` råo.
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Bvh`uhdmôj vmsuh` y rbkmstro bstrhtmkrènmdo
Ybremjhih `h bxdhvhdmôj ib `hs dh`mdhths y `h bxtrhddmôj ib `hs eubstrhs rbprbsbjthtmvhs por bstrhtos dhrhdtbråstmdos y su d`hsmnmdhdmôj vmsuh`, sb prodbimô h `h ibsdrmamr `os sub`os ib` tbrrbjo y ib `h suarhshjtb, por su do`or, noreh tbxturh, prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs, ao`bos y a`oqubs, nmjos, p`hstmdmihi, doeprbsmam`mihi, bjtrb sus prmjdmph`bs dhrhdtbråstmdhs, duyos rbsu`thios soj `os smkumbjtbs6
Yha`h 16 Dhrhdtbråstmdhs ib` tbrrbjo y `h suarhshjtb h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 38. MYBE
DH@MDHYH
J³
J³
8
1
4
9
2
>
;
7
=
83
D-8
D-1
D-4
D-9
D-2
D->
D-;
D-7
D-=
D-83
SQOKQBTM^H
Le 33+813
Le 33+;93
Le 38+123
Le 34+393
Le 39+223
Le 3>+;33
Le 37+333
Le 3=+123
Le 3=+1;2
Le 3=+=33
@HIO
I
M
M
YBQQBJO
Tub`o orkèjmdo doj ibjsh vbkbthdmôj
Tub`o orkèjmdo doj ibjsh vbkbthdmôj
Tub`o orkèjmdo doj ibjsh vbkbthdmôj
TRAQHTHJYB
OATBQ^HDMOJBT
Tub`o `meo hrbjoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbem hjku`oshs Y.E. 1", doephdmihi
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
ib ebimh h h`th y `mkbrhebjtb guebio Tub`o `meo hrbjoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs Y.E. >", doephdmihi ib ebimh h h`th y `mkbrhebjtb guebio Tub`o `meo hrdm``oso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs Y.E. 1", doephdmihi ib ebimh h h`th y `mkbrhebjtb guebio
Tub`o orkèjmdo doj ibjsh vbkbthdmôj
Tub`o `meoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs y a`oqubs Y.E. 81", doephdmihi ib ahfh h ebimh y guebio
M
Tub`o orkèjmdo doj ibjsh vbkbthdmôj
Tub`o `meo hrbjoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs y a`oqubs Y.E. 81", doephdmihi ebimh y `mkbrhebjtb guebio
I
Tub`o `meo hrbjoso, bj bsthio sbdo y ib doephdmihi ebimh y doj prbsbjdmh ib ehtbrmh` orkèjmdo
Tub`o `meo hrbjoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs Y.E. 1", doephdmihi ebimh y `mkbrhebjtb guebio
Tub`o orkèjmdo doj ibjsh vbkbthdmôj
Tub`o `meo hrbjoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs Y.E. 9", doephdmihi ahfh h ebimh y `mkbrhebjtb guebio
I
M
I
M
I
Tub`o hrbjo `meoso, doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbem rbiojibhihs y dhjtos roihios Y.E. 89", doephdmihi ahfh y göebio Tub`o hrbjo `meoso, doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbem rbiojibhihs y dhjtos roihios Y.E. 89", doephdmihi ahfh y göebio Tub`o orkèjmdo doj podh vbkbthdmôj.
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Tub`o hrbjo `meoso, doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbem rbiojibhihs y dhjtos roihios Y.E. 89", doephdmihi ebimh y shturhio Tub`o hrbjo `meoso, doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbem rbiojibhihs y dhjtos roihios Y.E. 89", doephdmihi ebimh y shturhio Tub`o `meo hrdm``oso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs Y.E. 1", doephdmihi ebimh y `mkbrhebjtb göebio
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Yrodgh dhrrozha`b
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Qmabrh ibrbdgh ib` rmo Heofu
Qmabrh mzqubrih ib` rmo Heofu
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Yha`h 46 Dhrhdtbråstmdhs ib` tbrrbjo y `h suarhshjtb h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 31. MYB YBE E DH DH@ @MDH DHYH YH J³
8
J³
D-8
SQOK SQOKQB QBTM TM^H ^H @H @HIO IO
L e 33+ 813
I
YBQQBJO
Tub`o orkèjmdo doj ibjsh vbkbthdmôj
1
4
9
2
>
;
7
=
83
D-1
D-4
D-9
D-2
D->
D-;
D-7
D-=
D-83
L e 33+ ;93
M
L e 38+ 123
L e 34+ 393
M
L e 39+ 223
L e 3>+ 133
L e 3;+ ;33
L e 3=+ 323
Tub`o orkèjmdo doj ibjsh vbkbthdmôj
Tub`o orkèjmdo doj ibjsh vbkbthdmôj
I
Tub`o `meo hrbjoso, bj bsthio sbdo y ib doephdmihi ebimh y doj prbsbjdmh ib ehtbrmh` orkèjmdo
I
M
Tub`o orkèjmdo doj ibjsh vbkbthdmôj
M
M
L e 3=+ 833
L e 3=+ >93
I
Tub`o orkèjmdo doj ibjsh vbkbthdmôj
I
Tub`o orkèjmdo doj ibjsh vbkbthdmôj
Tub`o orkèjmdo doj ibjsh vbkbthdmôj
Tub`o orkhjmdo doj ibjsh vbkbthdmôj
Tub`o orkhjmdo doj podh vbkbthdmôj.
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
TRAQHTHJYB Tub`o `meo hrbjoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbem hjku`oshs Y.E. 1", doephdmihi ib ebimh h h`th y `mkbrhebjtb göebio Tub`o `meo hrbjoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs Y.E. >", doephdmihi ib ebimh h h`th y `mkbrhebjtb göebio Tub`o `meo hrdm``oso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs Y.E. 1", doephdmihi ib ebimh h h`th y `mkbrhebjtb göebio Tub`o `meoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs y a`oqubs Y.E. 81", doephdmihi ib ahfh h ebimh y göebio
OATBQ^HDMOJBT Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Tub`o `meo hrbjoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs y a`oqubs Y.E. 81", doephdmihi ebimh y `mkbrhebjtb göebio
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Tub`o `meo hrbjoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs Y.E. 1", doephdmihi ebimh y `mkbrhebjtb göebio Tub`o `meo hrbjoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs Y.E. 9", doephdmihi ahfh h ebimh y `mkbrhebjtb göebio
Yrodgh dhrrozha`b
Tub`o `meo hrbjoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs Y.E. 9", doephdmihi ahfh h ebimh y `mkbrhebjtb göebio Tub`o `meo hrbjoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs Y.E. 9", doephdmihi ahfh h ebimh y `mkbrhebjtb göebio Tub`o `meo hrdm``oso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs Y.E. 1", doephdmihi ebimh y `mkbrhebjtb göebio
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Ybrrbjo jhturh` h ebimh `hibrh
Srodbshembjto ib mjnorehdmôj
Doj `os rbsu`thios ib `h mjspbddmôj vmsuh` y ib `hs bxp`orhdmojbs h dmb`o hambrto rbh`mzhihs bj ib` tbrrbjo h `o `hrko ib` trhzo ib `hs h`tbrjhtmvhs ib ruth y ib `h mjnorehdmôj bxmstbjtb rbdopm`hih, sb pubib bstmehr prb`memjhrebjtb6
• @hs dhrhdtbrå dhrhdtbråstmdhs stmdhs nåsmdo ebdèjmdhs ebdèjmdhs ib ``os os sub` sub`os os y bstmehr bstmehr dojsbrvhi dojsbrvhiorhebjt orhebjtbb `h dhphdmihi porthjtb ib `h våh • Mibjtmnmdhr Mibjtmnmdhr `os sbdtorbs sbdtorbs dr dråtmd åtmdos os doj ehtbrmh`bs ehtbrmh`bs mjhibduhios mjhibduhios • Mibjtm Mibjtmnmdh nmdhrr `os sbd sbdtor torbs bs doj prb prbsbjd sbjdmh mh ib jhp jhphh nrbètmd nrbètmdhh h`th • Tbdtor Tbdtormzh mzhrr `os sub` sub`os os doj dhrhdt dhrhdtbrå bråstm stmdhs dhs smem` smem`hrbs hrbs
Dhrhdtbråstmdhs ib` tbrrbjo
Doeo yh sb ebjdmojô hjtbrmorebjtb `h ^åh ib Bvmthembjto bj `h dmuihi ib Fhíj, sb proybdth doeo ujh dojs dojstruddmôj truddmôj jubvh, por `o duh` `h h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo J³ 38 phsh por tbrrbjo bj bsthio jhturh` duambrto ib ujh ibjsh vbkbthdmôj y `h h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo J³ 31 domjdmib doj b` trhzo ib Yrhzo J³ 38 ghsth `h prokrbsmvh Le 4+933.12, por `o qub phsh por b` emseo tbrrbjo jhturh` duambrto ib ujh ibjsh vbkbthdmôj ghsth imdgh prokrbsmvh (42% ib` trhzo) y ibsib hgå vh h`tbrjhio h`tbr jhio por uj dhemjo bxmstb h jmvb` ib trodgh dhrrozha`b dhrrozha`b (13% ib` trhzo hproxmehihe hproxmehihebjtb) bjtb) y tbrrbjo jhturh` duambrto ib ujh ibjsh vbkbthdmôj (92% ib` trhzo), `h trodgh prbsbjth hgub``hembjtos, ahdgbs y surdos, odhsmojhihs prmjdmph`ebjtb por b` trènmdo y `h nh`th ib irbjhfb hibduhio.
Bsth våh tbjiråh ujh `ojkmtui ib =+=83 (h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo J³ 38) y =+>94 (h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo ib Yrhzo J³ 31), duyh sbddmôj trhjsvbrsh` ib` trheo bj bstuimo bsthråh dojnorehih por ujh p`hthnoreh ib hjdgo vhrmha`b bjtrb =.33 h 88.33 e, qub dorrbspojib h uj Dhrrbtbrh Shvmebjthih. Bj ahsb h `o hjtbrmorebjtb bxpubsto, sb prodbib h rbh`mzhr ibsdrmpdmôj supbrnmdmh` ib dhih h`tbrjhtmvh ib Yrhzo bvh`uhih6
Yha`h 96 Dojimdmôj supbrnmdmh` hdtuh` — duhiro8 - h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 38.
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h 26 Dojimdmôj supbrnmdmh` hdtuh` — duhiro 1 - h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 38.
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h >6 Dojimdmôj supbrnmdmh` hdtuh` — duhiro 4 - h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 38.
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h ;6 Dojimdmôj supbrnmdmh` hdtuh` —duhiro 8 - h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 31.
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h 76 Dojimdmôj supbrnmdmh` hdtuh` — duhiro 1 - h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 31.
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h =6 Dojimdmôj supbrnmdmh` hdtuh` — duhiro 4 - h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 31
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Tbdtorbs dråtmdos doj ehtbrmh`bs mjhibduhios
@os ehtbrmh`bs qub posbbj dhrhdtbråstmdhs mjhibduhihs ib dhphdmihi ib soportb sb ghj uamdhio bjtrb `hs smkumbjtbs prokrbsmvhs6
H`tbrjhtmvh ib Yrhzo J³ 386 Le. 33+333 — Le. 33+193 Le. 3=+433 — Le. 3=+=83
H`tbrjhtmvh ib Yrhzo J³ 316 Le. 33+333 — Le. 33+193 Le. 32+=33 — Le. 3;+>13 Le. 3;+=33 — Le. 37+413 Le. 37+;33 — Le. 3=+>94
Tb d`hsmnmdhj bstos ehtbrmh`bs doeo sub`os `meosos orkèjmdos b mjorkèjmdos, ehtbrmh`bs mjhibduhios doj sbdtorbs qub hdtuh`ebjtb sb ushj doeo tbrrbjos ib du`tmvo ib hrroz doj prbsbjdmh ib guebihi (bj `os duh`bs sb rbdoembjih proybdthr uj aubj smstbeh ib irbjhfb y b` rbbep`hzo ib ujh phrtb ib `h suarhshjtb doj ehtbrmh` ib prístheo bj `os pujtos eès dråtmdos), y hså emseo bs rbdoebjiha`b jo bep`bhr bstos ehtbrmh`bs doeo rb``bjo h `o `hrko ib `h våh.
Srbsbjdmh ib jmvb` nrbètmdo
Bj `hs bxp`orhdmojbs h dmb`o hambrto rbh`mzhihs h `o `hrko ib` bfb ib `h våh proybdthih phrh `h H`tbrjhtmvh ib Yrhzo J³ 38 ib` Le. 3+333 h` Le. =+333 jo sb gh bjdojtrhio prbsbjdmh ib nm`trhdmojbs o jmvb` nrbètmdo ghsth 8.23 e ib pronujimihi bxdhvhios por ibahfo ib` jmvb` ib tbrrbjo bxmstbjtb, `ubko ibsib b` Le. =+333 h` Le. =+=83 sb bjdojtrô prbsbjdmh ib` Jmvb` Nrbètmdo h 3.23 e ib` jmvb` ib` tbrrbjo bxmstbjtb. Bj `h H`tbrjhtmvh ib Yrhzo J³ 31, sb mibjtmnmdô prbsbjdmh ib` Jmvb` Nrbètmdo ibsib ib` Le 2+=33 h` Le =+>94, h 3.23 e ib pronujimihi ib` jmvb` ib` tbrrbjo bxmstbjtb.
B` dojtbjmio ib guebihi theamíj `o propordmojhj `hs ``uvmhs, qub bj `h zojh soj mjtbjshs, por `os duh` sb s b rbdoembjih uj aubj irbjhfb `ojkmtuimjh`, thjto supbrnmdmh` doeo suatbrrèjbo, phrh bvmthr `h hdueu`hdmôj ib hkuh, qub pubih hnbdthr b` tmbepo ib vmih ib `h bstrudturh ib` phvmebjto.
Ebforhembjto ib sub`os ib `h suarhshjtb
Tb gh mibjtmnmdhio `os sbdtorbs doj sub`os mjhibduhios phrh `h suarhshjtb thjto phrh `h h` h`tb tbrj rjht htmv mvhh ib Yrh Yrhzo zo J³ 38 y Yrhz Yrhzoo J³ 31. @h h` h`tb tbrjh rjhtm tmvh vh ib To` To`ud udmô môjj hi hiop opth thih ih ph phrh rh b` ebforhembjto ib sub`os ib `h suarhshjtb bxmstbjtb phrh heahs h`tbrjhtmvhs ib Yrhzo (qub bvmibjdmhj `h prbsbjdmh ib sub`os doj vbkbthdmôj doj dojtbjmio ib ehtbrmh` orkèjmdo y bj bsthio göebio), göebio ), bs b` rbbep`hzo ib `h ib` ehtbrmh ehtbrmh`` ib `h suarhshjtb bxmstb bxmstbjtb jtb por ehtbrmh` ehtbrmh` ib prístheo prístheo (ehtbrmh` ib dhjtbrh) bj ujh pronujimihi ib 8.33 e.
Tbdtormzhdmôj ib `h våh
Shrh bnbdtos ib ujh ebfor bvh`uh bvh`uhdmôj dmôj sb gh sbdtormzhio sbdtormzhio `h dhrrbtbrh bj bstuim bstuimoo por trheos goeo goeokí kíjbo jboss qub qub po posbh sbhjj dh dhrh rhdt dtbr brås åstm tmdhs dhs sm smem em`h `hrb rbs, s, ahs ahshio hioss bj b` tm tmpo po ib sub sub`o `o bxmst bxmstbj bjtb tb ibtbremjhio, sbköj `hs mjspbddmojbs vmsuh`bs bfbduthihs h `o `hrko ib` bfb ib `hs 31 H`tbrjhtmvhs ib trhzo6
Yha`h 836 Tbdtorbs goeokíjbos — h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 38 — duhiro 8.
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h 886 Tbdtorbs goeokíjbos — h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 38 — duhiro 1.
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h 816 Tbdtorbs goeokíjbos — h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 31 — duhiro 8. MYBE
TBDYOQ
DHQHDYBQÅTYMDHT IB@ DHQHDYBQÅTYMDHT YQHEO GOEOKÍJBO Srbs Srbsbj bjth th uj ujhh su supb pbrn rnmd mdmb mb ib vbkbthdmôj ibjsh, doj uj
8.3
Le 33+333 — Le 38+9;3
bspb bspbso sorr vh vhrm rmha ha`b `b ib 3. 3.13 13e e — 3.23e (sbköj rbkmstros ib bxd xdhv hvhd hdmô môjj) ib Doab Doabrrturh urh vbkbth` bj `hs phrtbs eès ibjshs. (Notokrhnåh toehih dbrdh ib` Le 33+333)
1.3
Le 38+9;3 — Le 34+323
Srbsbjth ujh supbrnmdmb h jmvb` ib tro trodgh dgh doj hjdgo hjdgo vhrmha vhrmha`b. `b. Doabrturh vbkbth` ib uj bspbsor vh vhrrmh mha` a`bb ib 3. 3.13 13e e — 3.93e (sbköj rbkmstros ib bxdhvhdmôj) ib Doabrturh vbkbth` vbkbth` bj `hs phrtbs eès ibjshs. ibjshs. (Notokrhnåh toehih dbrdh ib` Le 34+393)
4.3
Le 34+323 — Le 39+223
Srbsbjth ujh supbrnmdmb h jmvb` ib tro trodgh dgh doj hjdgo hjdgo vhrmha vhrmha`b. `b. Doabrturh vbkbth` ib uj bspbsor vh vhrrmh mha` a`bb ib 3. 3.32 32e e — 3.13e (sbköj rbkmstros ib bxdhvhdmôj). Ehtbrmh` `meoso h hrbjoso doj prbsbjdmh ib krhvhs. krhvhs. (Notokrhnåh toehih bj Thjth Ybrbsmth Le 39+233)
9.3
Le 39+223 — Le 3>+;33
Tupbrnmdmb h jmvb` ib trodgh doj hjdgoo vhrmha`b. hjdg vhrmha`b. Srbsbjth Srbsbjth dortb dortb ib th`ui doj ehtrmz `meo hrbjoso doj krhvhs ib imebjsmôj vhrmha`b y eoibrhih dogbsmôj. (Notokrhnåh toehih bj Thjth Ybrbsmth Le 39+>33)
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
SHJB@ NOYOKQÈNMDO
Yha`h 846 Tbdtorbs goeokíjbos — h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j³ 31 — duhiro 1. MYBE
2.3
TBDYOQ
Le 3>+;33 — Le 37+333
DHQHDYBQÅTYMDHT IB@ DHQHDYBQÅTYMDHT YQHEO GOEOKÍJBO
Tupbrnmdmb h jmvb` ib trodgh hjdgo vhrmha`b. Srbsbjth dortbdoj ib th`ui doj ehtrmz `meo hrbjoso doj krhvhs ib imebjsmôj vhrmha`b y eoibrhih dogbsmôj. (Notokrhnåh toehih bj Thj Jmdo`ès Le 3;+233) 3;+233)
>.3
Srb Srbsbjt sbjthh uj ujhh supb pbrrnmd mdmb mb ib vbkbthdmôj ibjsh, doj uj bspbsor vhrmha`b ib 3.13e — 3.23e Le 7+333 — Le 3=+823 (sbköj rbkmstros ib bxdhvhdmôj) ib Do Doab abrt rtur urh h vb vbkb th`` bj `h `hss phrtbs eès ibjsh ibjshs. s. kbth (Notokrhnåh toehih dbrdh ib` Le 37+=33)
;.3
Le 3=+823 — Le 3=+433
Yrheo drudb ib` Qåo Heofu, krhju`oebtråh krubsh doj hrbjhs. (Notokrhnåh toehih dbrdh ib` Le 3=+123)
7.3
Le 3=+433 — Le 83+333.;1
Tupbrnmdmb h jmvb` ib trodgh doj hjdgo hjkosto. Srbsbjth ehtbrmh` `m `meo eo hr hrbj bjos osoo do dojj kr krhv hvhs hs ib im imeb ebjs jsmô môjb jbss db dbjt jtme mebt btrm rmdo doss y eoibrhih dogbsmôj. (Not (Notok okrrhn hnåh åh toeh oehih bj Thjth Ybrbsmth Le 3=+733)
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
SHJB@ NOYOKQÈNMDO
4.;.1. Bstuimo ib dhjtbrhs y nubjtbs ib hkuh
Dhjtbrhs
B` Bstuimo ib Dhjtbrhs doeprbjimô `hs smkumbjtbs hdtmvmihibs6
Qbdojodmembjto ib dhepo ibjtro ib` èrbh ib mjn`ubjdmh ib` proybdto phrh mibjtmnmdhr
hqub``os `ukhrbs dojsmibrhios doeo proaha`b nubjtb ib ehtbrmh`bs. Mjspbddmôj vmsuh` y ib`memthdmôj ib `hs dhjtbrhs o ahjdos ib ehtbrmh`bs mibjtmnmdhios. Dhrhdtbrmzhdmôj vmsuh` ib` ehtbrmh` ib dhjtbrh y bvh`uhdmôj ib `h dhphdmihi y vo`uebj
phrh hahstbdbr h ahstbdbr `os imnbrbjtbs tmpos ib ehtbrmh` phrh su uso us o bj oarh phrh6 rb``bjo, sua-ahsb krhju`hr, ahsb krhju`hr, dojdrbto ib dbebjto Sôrt`hji, dojdrbto ib dbebjto hsnè`tmdo y ehtbrmh`bs phrh oarhs ib hrtb bj kbjbrh`. Qbdopm`hdmôj ib Mjnorehdmôj bxmstbjtb @bvhjthembjto topokrènmdo prb`memjhr phrh ibtbremjhr `h potbjdmh ib `h dhjtbrh.
Qbdojodmembjto ib` tbrrbjo, bxp`orhdmôj y rbdopm`hdmôj ib mjnorehdmôj
B` trhahfo ib dhepo bnbdtuhio gh dojsmstmio bj `h bxp`orhdmôj vmsuh`, uamdhdmôj, ib`memthdmôj ib `hs dhjtbrhs bxmstbjtbs bj `h zojh ib` proybdto.
Doj `h nmjh`mihi ib ibtbremjhr b` èrbh por bxp`othrsb sb rbh`mzhroj nmdghs ib dhepo qub mjd`uybj `h ib`memthdmôj ib `h dhjtbrh.
Himdmo Him dmojh` jh`ebj ebjtb tb sb ibt ibtbre bremjh mjhroj roj `hs ims imsthj thjdmh dmhss ib trh trhjspo jsportb rtb,, `hs dojimdm dojimdmojb ojbss ib `os dhemjos ib hddbso ibsib `h dhrrbtbrh bj bstuimo ghsth b` dbjtro ib krhvbihi ib `h dhjtbrh y ibsib bstb pujto sbrè bj `h emseh zojh ib` proybdto y/o p`hjth ib dojdrbto. Ib `h bxp`orhdmôj bnbdtuhih bj `hs èrbhs dmrdujihjtbs h` proybdto, sb mibjtmnmdhroj `hs dhjtbrhs dojsmibrhjio sus usos proaha`bs sbköj `o smkumbjtb6
Dhjtbrh j³ 38 (ib rmo)6 ‐Dhjtbrh @h Sbr`h — Qåo Dghehyh―
Ibjoemjhih Dhjtbrh @h Sbr`h (dhjtbrh ib råo) `h duh` sb bjdubjtrh uamdhih bj b` le. 3+333 ib `h Dhrrbtbrh Dghehyh — Fhíj — Thj Mkjhdmo, bj b` Dbjtro Soa`hio ib Dghehyh< bj `h ehrkbj mzqumbrih ib` råo Dghehyh, bsth dhjtbrh sb bjdubjtrh uamdhih h 88.73 Le. ib` mjmdmo ib `h ^åh Bvmthembjto (Le. 3+333 Mjmdmo ib proybdto).
B` hddbso h `h dhjtbrh bs 123 e ib våh hsnh`thih ib `h dhrrbtbrh Ab`hujib Ybrry bj imrbddmôj O`eos y por ujh trodgh dhrrozha`b qub dojbdth `h dmthih dhrrbtbrh doj `h dhjtbrh, doeo rbnbrbjdmh mjimdheos qub b` hddbso h `h dhjtbrh sb bjdubjtrh h uj dosthio ib` krmno Druz ib Eotupb.
Nmkurh 26 Dhjtbrh ‐@h Sbr`h― Qmo Dghehyh.
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Ehtbrmh` ib krhvhs y hrbjhs
Doep Do epub ubst stoo po porr Eh Ehtb tbrm rmh` h` N` N`uv uvmh mh`` doj dojnor noreh ehio io por Kr Krhvh hvhss do dojj hr hrbj bjhh ib noreh noreh suasuarbiojibhih, ib do`or p`oeo, jo p`èstmdo. Srbsbjth Hrbjhs ib krhjo ebimo h nmjo. Bsth dhjtbrh bs hiemjmstrhih por `h Eujmdmph`mihi ib` Dbjtro Soa`hio ebjor ib Dghehyh. Sropubsth6 Rshr ehtbrmh` provbjmbjtb ib` råo Dghehyh, phrh sbr ushios doeo ehtbrmh` phrh rb``bjos, sua-ahsbs krhju`hrbs, ahsbs krhju`hrbs, ebzd`hs ib dojdrbto ib dbebjto port`hji, ebzd`hs hsnè`tmdhs, btd.
Nmkurh >6 Dhjtbrh ‐@h Sbr`h― — Qåo Dghehyh (^msth phjorèemdh)
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h 896 Qbjimembjtos ib `h Dhjtbrh ‐@h Sbr`h — Qmo Dghehyh―
QBJIMEMBJYO
RTOT
BTYMEHIO
Qb``bjo Tua-Ahsb Krhju`hr
=3% =3%
Ahsb Krhju`hr
833%
Ebzd`h Hsnè`tmdh bj Dh`mbjtb
833%
Ebzd`h Dojdrbto Dbebjto Sort`hji
833%
Ibnbjsh Qmabrbøh
833% Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Bvh`uhdmôj
Tb oatmbjb b` smkumbjtb duhiro6 Imèebtro eèxmeo
7―
Ehtbrmh` phrh dghjdhio bjtrb 8" h 7"
23.8 %
Ehtbrmh` krubso bjtrb 4/7" h 8"
84.2 %
Ehtbrmh` nmjo bjtrb J³ 833 h 4/7"
4>.9%
Tb gh pb pbre remt mtmi mioo ib ibtb tbre remj mjhr hr qub b` ehtb ehtbrm rmh` h` tå tåpm pmdo do bs bstè tè dojnor dojnoreh ehio io po porr kr krhvh hvh eh` eh` krhiuhih ib noreh suarbiojibhih, ib do`or krms d`hro, prbsbjthjio uj 83% ib ao`ojbråh ehyor 4" doj uj thehøo eèxmeo ib 7". Jo prbsbjth prbsbjth mepurbzhs orkèjmdh orkèjmdhs, s, theamíj sb puio oatbjb oatbjbrr `hs smkumbjtbs dhrhdtbråstmdhs ib `os ehtbrmh`bs6
• @h pmb pmbir irhh bs mmibh ibh`` ph phrh rh Dgh Dghjdh jdhio io.. • B` ehtb ehtbrmh rmh`` ebjor ebjor iibb 4" tmb tmbjb jb `h smkumb smkumbjtb jtb imst imstrm rmau audm dmôj ôj66 Sm Smbi birh rh
6 >1 >1.= .=% %
Hrbjh
6 49.=%
Nmjos
6 1.1%
• B` eh ehtb tbrm rmh` h` ssbb d` d`hsm hsmnm nmdh dh doe doeo6 o6 Tmstbeh TRDT
6 Krhvh eh` krhiuhih (KS)
Tmstbe behh HHTGYO
6 H-` -`--h (O)
Imspojmam`mihi y bnmdmbjdmh
Tb oatuvo `o smkumbjtb6
@h dhjtbrh Dghehyh, tmbjb uj èrbh phrh bxp`othdmôj ib ;3,333 e1 y ujh potbjdmh ib 8.2e., oatbjmíjiosb uj vo`uebj imspojma`b ib 832,333 e4
Krhihdmôj Bnmdmbjdmh Krhvh ib 8" h 4/7"
84.2 %
Hrbjh ebjor ib 4/7"
49.1 %
@h imspojmam`mihi ib` ehtbrmh` rbspbdto h` vo`uebj toth` doj su rbspbdtmvh bnmdmbjdmh bs b` smkumbjtb6 Ehtb tbrm rmh` h` phrh phrh dg dghj hjdh dhio io ib 8" h 7" 7" Eh
21 21,> ,>32 32 e4
Krhvh
89,8;2 e4
Hrbjh
47,113 e4
• @h jhph nrbè nrbètmd tmdhh sb bjd bjdubjt ubjtrh rh h 3.>3 e. • Bs jbdbshrmo jbdbshrmo `mep `mepmhr mhr 3.13 3.13 e. supbrnmd supbrnmdmh`b mh`bss hjtbs ib su bxp`othdmôj. bxp`othdmôj.
Yha`h 826 Doephrhtmvo ib Qbsu`thios ib Bjshyos doj `os Qbqubrmembjtos.
Bjshyos
Qbsu`thios
Qbqubrmembjtos Tua ahsb
Ahsb
Dhrpbth Hsnè`tmdh
Goremkôj Åjimdb ib S`hstmdmihi
J.S.
> ehx.
J.S.
DAQ (%) (833% - 31%)
7=
43 eåj
833 eåj.
DAQ (%) (=2% - 31%) Hkrbkhio Krubso
27 13.1
23 ehx.
93 ehx.
93 ehx.
3.3397
3.2 ehx.
3.2 ehx.
3.2 ehx.
Iurham`mihi (%)
2.2;
81 ehx.
81 ehx.
81 ehx.
Higbrbjdmh (%)
+=2
-
-
+=2
Shrt. Dghths y H`hrkhihs (%)
;.1
-
82 ehx.
82 ehx.
Dhrhs Nrhdturhihs (%)
92.4
-
Hdbptha`b
-
-
Hdbptha`b
Th`bs To`ua`bs Yoth`bs (%)
3.33;>
3.2 ehx.
3.2 ehx.
3.2 ehx.
Bqumvh`bjtb ib Hrbjh (%)
;;.9=
12 emj.
42 emj.
23 emj.
Iurham`mihi (%)
9.48
-
81 ehx.
83 ehx.
Qmbib` [babr (Krhio)
-
-
-
Emj. 9
Åjimdb S`èstmdo J³ 133 (%)
4
-
-
Ehx. 9
Harhsmôj (%) Th`bs so`ua`bs toth`bs (%)
;2 emj.
Hkrbkhio Nmjo Mepurbzhs Orkèjmdhs
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
A.
Dhj hjttbrh J³ 31 (ib råo)6 ‐]hj hjhhyhd hdu u―
@h dhjtbrh ]hjhyhdu sb uamdh bj `h ehrkbj mzqumbrih ib` rmo Heofu h` `hio ibrbdgo ib `h våh, bj b` Le. 19+=83 ib `h Dhrrbtbrh Dghehyh — Fhíj — Thj Mkjhdmo, bj `hs hnubrhs ib `h Dmuihi ib Fhíj, bsth dhjtbrh sb bjdubjtrh uamdhih h 1.37 Le., ib` nmjh` ib` Sroybdto ^åh ib Bvmthembjto ib `h Dmuihi ib Fhíj (Le. =+=83 Nmj ib` proybdto H`tbrjhtmvh ib Yrhzo J³ 38). B` hddbso h `h dhjtbrh bs ib 933 e ib Yrodgh dhrrozha`b bj eh` bsthio ib dojsbrvhdmôj.
Nmkurh ;6 Dhjtbrh ]hjhyhdu (råo Heofö)
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
EHYBQMH@ IB KQH^HT ] HQBJHT6 Doepubsto por Ehtbrmh` N`uvmh` dojnorehio por Krhvhs doj hrbjh ib noreh suarbiojibhih, ib do`or p`oeo, jo p`èstmdo. p `èstmdo. Srbsbjth S rbsbjth ao`ojbrmhs ib 4". Bsth dhjtbrh bs hiemjmstrhih por `h Eujmdmph`mihi ib Ab``hvmsth. Sropubsth6 Rshr ehtbrmh` provbjmbjtb ib` Qmo Heofö, phrh sbr ushios doeo ehtbrmh` phrh rb``bjos, sua-ahsbs krhju`hrbs, ahsbs krhju`hrbs, ebzd`hs ib dojdrbto ib dbebjto port`hji, ebzd`hs hsnè`tmdhs y pmbirhs phrh khvmojbs y/o beaoqum``hios, btd.
Yha`h 8>6 Qbjimembjtos ib `h Dhjtbrh ‐]hjhyhdu―
QBJIMEMBJYO BTYMEHIO 72%
RTOT Qb``bjo Tua-Ahsb Krhju`hr
72%
Ahsb Krhju`hr
833%
Ebzd`h Hsnè`tmdh bj Dh`mbjtb
833%
Ebzd`h Dojdrbto Dbebjto Sort`hji
833%
Ibnbjsh Qmabrbøh
833% Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Bvh`uhdmôj
Tb oatmbjb b` smkumbjtb ibth``b6
Imèebtro eèxmeo
6 ; .2''
Ehtbrmh rmh` phrh dghjd jdhhio bjtrb 8" h ;.2 .2""
6 29.9%
Ehtbrmh` krubso bjtrb 4/7" h 8"
6 83.4%
Ehtbrmh` nmjo bjtrb Jo 833 h 4/7"
6 42.4%
Hjh`mzhjio b` dmthio bstuimo sb gh pbremtmio ibtbremjhr qub b` ehtbrmh` tåpmdo bstè dojnorehio por krhvh eh` krhiuhih ib noreh suarbiojibhih, ib do`or krms d`hro, prbsbjthjio uj 82% ib ao`ojbråh ehyor 4" doj uj thehøo eèxmeo ib ;.2". Jo prbsbjth mepurbzhs orkèjmdhs, theamíj sb puio oatbjbr `hs smkumbjtbs dhrhdtbråstmdhs ib `os ehtbrmh`bs6
@h pmbirh bs mibh` phrh Dghjdhio.
B` ehtbrmh` ebjor ib 4" tmbjb `h smkumbjtb imstrmaudmôj6
Smbirh 28.;%
Hrbjh 9>%
Nmjos 1.4 %
B` ehtbrmh` sb d`hsmnmdh doeo6
Tmstbeh TRDT
6 Krhvh eh` krhiuhih (KS)
Tmstbe behh HHTGYO
6 H-8 -8--h (O)
Imspojmam`mihi y bnmdmbjdmh
Tb oatuvo `o smkumbjtb6
Ymbjb uj èrbh phrh bxp`othdmôj ib =3,333 e1 y ujh potbjdmh ib 8.2 e., oatbjmíjiosb uj vo`uebj imspojma`b ib 842,333 e4
Krhihdmôj
Bnmdmbjdmh
Krhvh ib 8" h 4/7"
83.4%
Hrbjh ebjor ib 4/7"
44.3%
@h imspojmam`mihi ib` ehtbrmh` rbspbdto h` vo`uebj toth` doj su rbspbdtmvh bnmdmbjdmh bs b` smkumbjtb6
Ehtbrmh` phrh dghjdhio ib 8" h ;.2" 6 ;4,993 e4 Krhvh
6 84,=32 e4
Hrbjh
6 9;,>22 e4
@h jhph nrbètmdh sb bjdubjtrh h 3.;2 e. Bs jbdbshrmo `mepmhr 3.13 e. supbrnmdmh`bs hjtbs ib su bxp`othdmôj.
Yha`h 8;6 Doephrhtmvo ib Qbsu`thios ib Bjshyos doj `os Qbqubrmembjtos.
Qbqubrmembjtos Bjshyos
Qbsu`thios
Dhrpbth Ahsb
Tua ahsb
Hsnè`tmdh
Goremkôj Åjimdb ib S`hstmdmihi
J.S.
> ehx.
J.S.
DAQ (%) (833% - 31%)
833.2
43 eåj
833 eåj.
DAQ (%) (=2% - 31%)
27
13.9
23 ehx.
93 ehx.
93 ehx.
3.33;1
3.2 ehx.
3.2 ehx.
3.2 ehx.
Iurham`mihi (%)
;.3>
81 ehx.
81 ehx.
81 ehx.
Higbrbjdmh (%)
+=2
-
-
+=2
Shrt. Dghths y H`hrkhihs (%)
8.3
-
82 ehx.
82 ehx.
Dhrhs Nrhdturhihs (%)
99.>
-
Hkrbkhio Krubso Harhsmôj (%) Th`bs so`ua`bs toth`bs (%)
;2 emj.
Hkrbkhio Nmjo Mepurbzhs Orkèjmdhs
Hdbptha`b
-
-
Hdbptha`b
Th`bs To`ua`bs Yoth`bs (%)
3.3817
3.2 ehx.
3.2 ehx.
3.2 ehx.
Bqumvh`bjtb ib Hrbjh (%)
79.=3
12 emj.
42 emj.
23 emj.
Iurham`mihi (%)
9.8>
-
81 ehx.
83 ehx.
Qmbib` [babr (Krhio)
4-=
-
-
Emj. 9
Åjimdb S`èstmdo J³ 133 (%)
1.3
-
-
Ehx. 9
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Dè`du`o ib` vo`uebj rbqubrmio ib ehtbrmh`bs Sor otro `hio, b` ^o`uebj Qbqubrmio jbdbshrmo phrh bfbduthr `hs oarhs, sueh `h dhjtmihi ib >8,843.33 e4
Yha`h 876 ^o`uebj rbqubrmio ib hkrbkhios — h`tbrjhtmvh j³38/31. ^O@REBJ QBXRBQMIO YMSO IB EHYBQMH@BT
RJMIHI
H@YBQJHYM^H J³38 (hsnh`to)
H@YBQJHYM^H J³31 (YTA)
H. EHYBQMH@BT SHQH SH^MEBJYOT
TRA AHTB KQHJR@HQ
4
AHTB KQHJR@HQ
e e4
EBFOQHEMBJYO IB TRAQHTHJYB
e4
YQHYHEMBJYO TRSBQNMDMH@ AMDHSH (YTA)
e4
DHQSBYH HTNH@YMDH BJ DH@MBJYB
e4
17,733.33
17,733.33
8=,133.33
8=,133.33
=,333.33
4>,333.33
---
1,;33.33
7,333.33
---
233.33
233.33
4,333.33
4,333.33
43.33
43.33
8,233.33
8,233.33
833.33
833.33
;3,843.33
=8,743.33
A. EHYBQMH@BT SHQH SRBJYBT
DOJDQBYO IB DBEBJYO SOQY@HJI
e4
IBNBJTHT QMABQBØHT
e4
D. EHYBQMH@BT SHQH OAQHT IB HQYB ] IQBJHFB
DOJDQBYO SHQH H@DHJYHQM@@HT (YED)
e4
DOJDQBYO SHQH DRJBYHT
e4
DOJDQBYO SHQH AHIBJBT
e4 YOYH@
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
e4
Yrhahfos ib khamjbtb
Ibsdrmpdmôj y bvh`uhdmôj ib dhjtbrhs
Shrh `h hibduhih ibsdrmpdmôj ib `hs dhjtbrhs sb gh b`haorhio ujh `bybjih phrh `os usos y trhthembjtos, `os qub sb mjimdhj bj `h smkumbjtb tha`h.
Yha`h 8=6 Tmeao`okåh ib usos y trhthembjtos ib dhjtbrhs
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Shrh b` prbsbjtb bstuimo ib dhjtbrhs h utm`mzhr bj oarh, soj hqub``hs qub tmbjb ehyor vo`uebj y/o qub hahstbdbj bj ehtbrmh`bs (vo`uebj) h `h jbdbsmihi ib` proybdto. Ib bsths dhjtbrhs sb ghj rbh`mzhio toios `os bjshyos jbdbshrmos phrh `h bvh`uhdmôj y ibtbremjhdmôj ib su utm`mihi bj `hs imnbrbjtbs oarhs h rbh`mzhr bj b` proybdto.
Ibsdrmpdmôj ibth``hih ib dhjtbrhs
Dhjtbrh j³ 38 (ib rmo)6 ‐Dhjtbrh @h Sbr`h — rmo Dghehyh―
Ramdhdmôj6
Le. 3+333 ib `h dhrrbtbrh Dghehyh - Fhíj - Thj Mkjhdmo
Ibsdrmpdmôj6 sb bjdubjtrh uamdhih bj b` le. 3+333 ib `h Dhrrbtbrh Dghehyh — Fhíj — Thj Mkjhdmo, bj b` Dbjtro Soa`hio ib Dghehyh< bj `h ehrkbj mzqumbrih ib` råo Dghehyh, bsth dhjtbrh sb bjdubjtrh bjdubjtrh uamd uamdhih hih h 88.7 88.733 Le. ib` mjmdmo mjmdmo ib `h ^åh Bvm Bvmthe thembj mbjto to (Le. 3+333 Mjmdm Mjmdmoo ib proybdto).B` hddbso h `h dhjtbrh bs 123 e ib våh hsnh`thih ib `h dhrrbtbrh Ab`hujib Ybrry bj imrbddmôj O`eos y por ujh trodgh dhrrozha`b qub dojbdth `h dmthih dhrrbtbrh doj `h dhjtbrh, doeo rbnbrbjdmh mjimdheos qub b` hddbso h `h dhjtbrh sb bjdubjtrh h uj dosthio ib` krmno Druz ib Eotupb.
Ehtbrmh` ib krhvhs y hrbjhs6 Doepubsto por Ehtbrmh` N`uvmh` dojnorehio por Hrbjh poarbebjtb krhiuhih, D`hsmnmdhdmôj TRDT6 ‐TS", ib doephdmihi ebimh, @åemtb @åqumio 5 J.Y. %, @åemtb S`èstmdo 5 J.S. %, bj bsthio göebio ib do`or p`oeo osduro. Srbsbjth Krhvhs ib noreh rbiojibhih h sua-rbi rbiojibhih sua-rbiojibhih ojibhih,, tbxtu tbxturh rh `msh h sbemrukosh, ib thehøo thehøo eèxmeo eèxmeo ib 1-8/1". Srbsbjth ao`ojbrmhs ib 4" h 7". Yha`h 136 Nmdgh ib dhrhdtbrmzhdmôj y bxp`othdmôj ib dhjtbrh Dghehyh — Duhiro 8
Nubjtb6 Eujmdmph`mihi provmjdmh` ib Fhíj.
Yha`h 186 Nmdgh ib dhrhdtbrmzhdmôj y bxp`othdmôj ib dhjtbrh Dghehyh — Duhiro 1
Nubjtb6 Eujmdmph`mihi provmjdmh` ib Fhíj.
h)
Dh Dh`d `du` u`oo ib ib Q Qbj bjim imem embj bjto toss — Dhjt Dhjtbr brhh J J¶¶ 8 ‐Qåo ‐Qåo Dghe Dghehy hyh― h―
Imèebtro eèxmeo
6 7―
Ehtbrmh` phrh dghjdhio bjtrb 8― h 7―
6 23.8 %
Ehtbrmh` krubso bjtrb 4/7― h 8―
6 84.2 %
Ehtbrmh` J³ 833 h 4/7―
6 4>.9 %
a)
Qbjimembjto bstmehio
Qb``bjo
6 =3%
Tua-Ahsb Krhju`hr
6 =3%
Ahsb Krhju`hr
6 833%
Ebzd`h Hsnè`tmdh bj Dh`mbjtb
6 833%
Dojdrbto ib Dbebjto Sort`hji
6 833%
Ibnbjsh Qmabrbøh
6 833 %
d)
Eh Ehtb tbrm rmh` h` eb ebjo jorr ib ib 44―― ttmb mbjb jb `h sm smku kumb mbjt jtbb ims imstr trma maud udmô môj6 j6
Smbirh
6 >1.=%
Hrbjh
6 49.=%
Nmjos
6 1.1%
Dhjtbrh j³ 31 (ib rmo)6 ‐Dhjtbrh ]hjhyhdu — Qmo Heofu― @h dhjtbrh ]hjhyhdu sb uamdh bj `h ehrkbj mzqumbrih ib` rmo Heofu h` `hio ibrbdgo ib `h våh, bj b` Le. 19+=83 ib `h Dhrrbtbrh Dghehyh — Fhíj — Thj Mkjhdmo, bj `hs hnubrhs ib `h Dmuihi ib Fhíj, bsth dhjtbrh sb bjdubjtrh uamdhih h 1.37 Le. Ib` nmjh` ib` Sroybdto ^åh ib Bvmthembjto (Le. =+=83 Nmj ib` proybdto H`tbrjhtm H`tbrjhtmvh vh ib Yrhzo J³ 38). B` hddbso h `h dhjtbrh bs ib 933 e ib Yrodgh dhrrozha`b bj eh` bsthio ib dojsbrvhdmôj.
Yha`h 116 Nmdgh ib dhrhdtbrmzhdmôj y bxp`othdmôj ib dhjtbrh ]hjhyhdu — Duhiro 8.
Nubjtb6 Eujmdmph`mihi provmjdmh` ib Fhíj.
Yha`h 146 Nmdgh ib dhrhdtbrmzhdmôj y bxp`othdmôj ib dhjtbrh ]hjhyhdu — Duhiro 1.
Nubjtb6 Eujmdmph`mihi provmjdmh` ib Fhíj. Nmkurh 76 Meèkbjbs ib dhjtbrh ]hjhyhdu
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
M^. Qbs Qbsu`t u`thios hios
9.8 Imsbøo ib phv phvmebjto mebjtoss
B` phvmebjto bs `h dhph o dojfujto ib dhphs ib ehtbrmh`bs hpropmhios, doeprbjimios bjtrb `h supbrnmdmb ib `h suarhshjtb (dhph supbrmor ib `hs bxp`hjhdmojbs) y `h supbrnmdmb ib roihiurh, duyhs prmjdmph`bs nujdmojbs soj `hs ib propordmojhr ujh supbrnmdmb ujmnoreb, ib do`or y tbxturhs tbxtu rhs hpropmhios, rbsmstb rbsmstbjtbs jtbs h `h hddmôj ib` trèjsmto, h `h ib` mjtbepb mjtbepbrmseo rmseo y ib otros hkbjtbs pbrfuimdmh`bs.
Hså doeo trhjsemtmr hibduhihebjtb h` tbrrbjo ib nujihdmôj, `os bsnubrzos proiudmios por `hs dhrkhs mepubsths por b` trèjsmto n`umio ib `os vbgådu`os, doj `h doeoimihi, sbkurmihi y bdojoeåh prbvmstos por b` proybdto.
Ybjmbjio doeo ahsb `h mjnorehdmôj ib `os bstuimos rbdopm`hios (bjshyos ib `haorhtormo) y ib `os trhahfos ib dhepo, sb bstmehj `os bspbsorbs ib `h bstrudturh ib` phvmebjto qub sb proybdth do`odhrsb doj `h nmjh`mihi ib soporthr `hs so`mdmthdmojbs ib dhrkhs qub sbrèj trhjsemtmihs por `os vbgådu`os qub sb proybdth phshrèj por `os hddbsos.
Bvh`uhdmôj ib `hs h`tbrjhtmvhs
Bj b` proybdto sb ghj dojsmibrhio 31 h`tbrjhtmvhs ib Yrhzo
H`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j¶ 38
Bsth våh ib bvmthembjto propubsth sb bep`hzh doj imrbddmôj Jor — Jor Bstb, h phrtmr ib` Le 88+733, ib `h dhrrbtbrh Dghehyh (Le. 3+333) — Fhíj — Thj Mkjhdmo, bspbdånmdhebjtb bj ujh durvh, bj duyo `hio hiyhdbjtb ibrbdgo sb bjdubjtrh b` krmno ib SbtroSbrö, htrhvbshjio h` mjmdmo ujh hjtmkuh qubarhih sbdh, qub dojnoreh ujh dojdhvmihi, `ubko prosmkub por `h `hibrh ebimh mjnbrmor ib dbrros ib eoibrhihs pbjimbjtbs, htrhvmbsh ujh trodgh dhrrozha`b, iojib sb proybdth uj Subjtb ib 13 e ib `ojkmtui bj b` Le. 4+382, `ubko smkub b` trhzo bep`hzèjiosb ebimhjtb dortbs ahfos por `hs phrtbs p hrtbs h`ths ib hms`hios dbjtros poa`hios ghsth b` Le 2+433 dojtmjuh por `hs `hibrhs mjnbrmorbs ib proeojtormos (`oehihs) ib eoibrhihs pbjimbjtbs por `hs phrtbs supbrmorbs ib vm``ormos doeo Thjth Ybrbsmth y Thj Msmiro< ibsdbjimbjio ibspuís ghsth htrhvbshr b` rmo Heofu, iojib sb proybdthrh uj Subjtb ib 93 e ib `ojkmtui b` Le. =+383, `ubko dojtmjöh por tbrrhzhs h`uvmh`bs bsdh`ojhihs ghsth beph`ehr doj `h hdtuh` dhrrbtbrh Dghehyh - Fhíj — Thj Mkjhdmo, bj b` Le 11+743 ib `h emseh, doj ujh `ojkmtui ib =.=8 Le. Bs ib sbøh`hr qub, iurhjtb su trhybdtormh por `hs `hibrhs mjnbrmorbs ib `os imvbrsos dbrros y `oehihs, bj bstb trhzo bxmstbj sbdtorbs s bdtorbs iojib sb proybdthrhj ebforhembjtos ib sub`os h jmvb` ib suarhshjtb. s uarhshjtb.
H`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo j¶ 31
Bsth våh ib bvmthembjto bs doeöj h `h h`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo J¶ 8 propubsth ghsth b` le 4+933.12. 4+933.1 2. H phrtmr ib h``å b` trhzo ib bsth h`tb h`tbrjhtmvh rjhtmvh prosmkub prosmkub por ujh hjtmkuh tbrrhzh h`uvmh` ib topokrhnåh prbioemjhjtbebjtb ``hjh, dojnorehih por tbrrbjos ib sbearåos ib hrrozh`bs, `ubko b` trhzo ``bkh h druzhr b` rmo Heofu, iojib sb gh proybdthio uj 93 e ib `ojkmtui b` Le. 3;+>22 b` duh`` prbs duh prbsbjt bjthh `hs ems emsehs ehs dhr dhrhdt hdtbrå bråstm stmdhs dhs kbo kboeít eítrmd rmdhs hs y bstrudt bstrudturh` urh`bs bs ib `h propubst propubsthh bj `h H`tbrjhtmvh ib Yrhzo J³ 38, `ubko b` trhzo smkub bep`hzèjiosb soarb dojnorehih por tbrrbjos ib du`tmvos prmjdmph`ebjtb ib hrroz, ghsth beph`ehr doj `h hdtuh` dhrrbtbrh Dghehyh (Le. 3+333) Fhíj — Thj Mkjhdm Mkjhdmoo bj b` Le 11+423 ib `h emseh, doj ujh `ojkmtu `ojkmtuii ib =.>94 Le. bj bstb trheo `h våh proybdthih sb ibshrro``hrh bj tbrrhp`íj y sb proybdthrhj sbdtorbs doj ebforhembjtos ib sub`os h jmvb` ib suarhshjtb.
Yrènmdo phrh b` imsbøo ib` phvmebjto
B` jöebro hdueu`hio ib dhrkhs ib Bfb Bqumvh`bjtb ib imsbøo (7.13 Yoj.) qub dmrdu`h por `hs våhs ib hddbso iurhjtb `h vmih ötm` prbvmsth, sb gh ibtbremjhio bj ahsb h `os trhahfos ib khamjbtb bnbdtuhios y h `os rbspbdtmvos hjè`msms dorrbspojimbjtbs phrh dhih dhso. Ybjmbjio bj dubjth qub `h bstrudturh ib` phvmebjto h proybdthr, bsthrè dojnorehih por ujh supbrnmdmb ib roihiurh Shvmebjthih ‐Hnmrehio― sb hiopthrè 83 høos doeo pbrmoio ib imsbøo, doj nmjbs ib imsbøo ib `h bstrudturh ib` Hnmrehio.
Sor `o kbjbrh` sb ibab bstha`bdbr b` prmebr høo ib sbrvmdmo (Høo Ahsb), tbjmbjio bj dubjth `os høos dorrbspojimbjtbs h trèemtbs hiemjmstrhtmvos, prodbso ib `mdmthdmôj y bfbdudmôj ib oarh. Duhjio `h våh bstí dojd`umih sb dojsmibrh doeo prmebr høo ib vmih ib `h bstrudturh y por `o thjto sb ibabrè bstmehr `os høos rbspbdtmvos qub dorrbspojih h` høo vbrihibro ib bstrudturh, thjto h` mjmdmo doeo h` nmjh` ib` sbrvmdmo.
@h proybddmôj ib` trènmdo, sb b`haorh tbjmbjio bj dubjth b` jöebro hdueu`hio ib rbpbtmdmojbs ib Bfbs Bqumvh`bjtbs ib dhrkh por Bfb Bqumvh`bjtb ib imsbøo (7.1 Yj), phrh uj so`o sbjtmio, bj uj pbrmoio ib vmih ötm` ib (j) høos y ujh thsh ib drbdmembjto (r) y qub ísth dmrdu`hrè por b` dhrrm` ib imsbøo iurhjtb `h vmih ötm` prbvmsth.
Dojtbo ib trènmdo vbgmdu`hr
Shrh su ibtbremjhdmôj ib` trènmdo vbgmdu`hr hdtuh` sb bnbdtuhroj trhahfos ib dhepo qub dojsmstmbroj aèsmdhebjtb bj b` rb`bvhembjto ib `h mjnorehdmôj ebimhjtb6
Dojtbos ^o`ueítrmdos por tmpo ib vbgådu`o Bjdubsths ormkbj ibstmjo phrh dojodbr ib iôjib y ghdmh iôjib sb imrmkbj `os trhjsportmsths
qub rbdorrbj b` trheo vmh` bj bstuimo.
B` dojtbo ib` trènmdo hdtuh` sb rbh`mzô iurhjtb uj pbråoio ib smbtb (3;) iåhs ib `h sbehjh y iurhjtb `hs 19 gorhs ib` iåh, ibsib b` iåh emírdo`bs 39 h` emírdo`bs 88 ib ehyo ib` 138>. B` trhahfo ib bjdubsths ormkbj ibstmjo sb ``bvô h dhao iurhjtb trbs iåhs, ib hdubrio h doorimjhdmojbs prbvmhs, ``bvhihs h dhao por 81 gorhs iurhjtb 4 iåhs ib `hs 3;633 gorhs ghsth `hs 8=633 gorhs. @os trhahfos ib dojtro` ib vb`odmihibs, sb utm`mzô b` eítoio ib `h p`hdh.
Åjimdb Ebimo Imhrmo Hjuh` - MEIH
B` åjimdb ebimo hjuh` (MEIH) sb ibtbremjh eu`tmp`mdhjio b` proebimo ib` trènmdo sbehjh` por b` nhdtor ib dorrbddmôj hjtbs mjimdhio. Bj `h bsthdmôj ib dojtro` B8 ‐Krmno Fhíj―, b` MEI Hjuh` bs ib 4,;29 vbgådu`os, ib `os duh`bs 4,12; soj vbgådu`os `mkbros (hutos, pmdl up, dhemojbths rurh`bs, emdros y oejmausbs) qub rbprbsbjthj b` 7>.7%< y 9=; vbgådu`os pbshios (dhemojbs y hrtmdu`hios) qub rbprbsbjthj b` 84.1.3%< embjtrhs qub bj `h bsthdmôj B1 ‐Bsthdmôj Subjtb Fhíj―, b` MEI Hjuh` bs ib 4,4;4 vbgådu`os, ib `os duh`bs 1,=41 soj vbgådu`os `mkbros (hutos, pmdl up, dhemojbths rurh`bs, emdros y oejmausbs) qub rbprbsbjthj b` 7>.=% y 998 vbgådu`os pbshios (dhemojbs y hrtmdu`hios) qub rbprbsbjthj b` 84.8%.
@os dojtbos vo`ueítrmdos rbh`mzhios tmbjbj por oafbto dojodbr `os vo`öebjbs ib trènmdo qub soporth `os hddbsos ib` pubjtb Dorphd bj bstuimo, hså doeo su doeposmdmôj vbgmdu`hr y vhrmhdmôj imhrmh.
Bj b` smkumbjtb duhiro sb prbsbjth `h doeposmdmôj ib` trènmdo por tmpo ib `os pujtos hnorhios. Bj `h bsthdmôj B8, b` ehyor n`ufo ib vbgådu`os sb bxp`mdh por b` trènmdo ib vbgådu`os qub sb ibsp`hzhj ibsib Dghehyh, Ahkuh y Rtduaheah ghdmh Fhíj< embjtrhs qub, bj `h bsthdmôj B4 b` nmfo ib vbgådu`os bs ibsib Thj Mkjhdmo, Jheah``b, @h Ah`sh y hqub``os vbgådu`os ib `hrkh imsthjdmh qub so`o druzhj `h dmuihi pubsto qub su ormkbj y ibstmjo jo bs Fhíj.
Yha`h 196 Åjimdb Eíimo Imèrmo Hjuh` — MEIh - Bsthdmôj B8 — Krmno Fhíj (^bg/imh)
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Bj `h bsthdmôj B4, b` nmfo ib vbgådu`os bs ibsib Thj Mkjhdmo, Jheah``b, @h Ah`sh ghdmh Fhíj< dhab mjimdhr, qub `h dmuihi ib Fhíj smrvb ib phso phrh hqub``os vbgådu`os ib `hrkh imsthjdmh qub su ormkbj y ibstmjo jo bs Fhíj.
Åjimdb Ebimo Imhrmo ib` Yrènmdo Ibsvmhio
Shrh `h ibtbremjhdmôj ib` trènmdo ibsvmhio, gh smio jbdbshrmo prodbshr `hs bjdubsths ormkbj ibstmjo ibstm jo thjto ib vbgådu vbgådu`os `os ib phshfbr phshfbros os doeo ib vbgådu vbgådu`os `os pbshios< hsmemseo, hsmemseo, `h mibjtmnmdhd mibjtmnmdhdmôj môj ib `os oråkbjbs y ibstmjos por dhih tmpo ib vbgådu`os, doj b` oafbtmvo ib mibjtmnmdhr b` pordbjthfb ib trènmdo ibsvmhio imnbrbjdmhio.
Yha`h 126 Åjimdb Ebimo Imhrmo Hjuh` — MEIh Bsthdmôj B4 — Th`mih ib Fhíj (^bg/imh)
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Ib `os rbsu`thios ib dhih ehtrmz ormkbj ibstmjo, phrh ibnmjmr bstb trènmdo ibsvmhio, sb gh dojsmibrhio b` trènmdo ib `hrkh Imsthjdmh qub rbdorrbråh `h våh ib bvmthembjto, thjto b` provbjmbjtb ibsib Dghehyh (B8) doeo ib Thj Mkjhdmo (B4).
Yheamíj Yheam íj doeo rbsu`t rbsu`thio hio ib` hjè`msms ib `h bjdubsth Ormkbj - Ibstm Ibstmjo jo sb gh ibnmjmio, qub bxmstb uj trènmdo urahjo qub mjkrbsh thjto por b` jortb doeo por b` sur ib `h dmuihi y qub theamíj rbdorrbråh `h våh ib bvmthembjto, phrh bvhimr `h dojkbstmôj vbgmdu`hr bj `h zojh urahjh, smj sh`mr ib `h dmuihi ib Fhíj, phrh mjd`umr bstb trènmdo ibsvmhio sb gh dojsmibrhio ios trheos ^mh ib Bvmthembjto Jortb y ^åh ib Bvmthembjto Tur, d`hsmnmdhjio sbköj b` tmpo ib vbgådu`os. Shrh `os dè`du`os sb gh toehio b` ib ehyor vo`uebj b` trènmdo ib `hrkh Imsthjdmh, bs ibdmr ib `h Bsthdmôj B8 (Dghehyh), th` doeo sb eubstrhj bj b` smkumbjtb duhiro.
Yha`h 1>6 Yrènmdos ib @hrkh imsthjdmh ib `h Bsthdmôj B8 y Bsthdmôj B4
Nubjtb6 Sropmh. B` Yrènmdo ib @hrkh Imsthjdmh sb bxphjimô h` MEIh gh``hio bj b` dojtbo bj `h Bsthdmôj B8.
Shrh `h ^åh ib Bvmthembjto Jortb sb dojsmibrh b` smkumbjtb trènmdo6 Yrènmdo ib @hrkh Imsthjdmh bxphjimio h` MEIh —B8 ehs Yrhnmdo ib `h Vojh Rrahjh Tur ib `h Bsthdmôj B8 (h` ;2%) y b` trènmdo ib `h Vojh Rrahjh Dbjtro ib Fhbj ib `h bsthdmôj B8 (h` 23%), bstos pordbjthfbs ib vbgådu`os toehråhj `h våh ib bvmthembjto h nmj ib ibsdojkbstmojhr `h dmuihi.
Bj b` prbsbjtb bstuimo `hs Dhemojbths Qurh`bs jo sb ibsvmhråhj por imdgh våh yh qub bsths tmbjbj ujh ruth bstha`bdmih.
Shrh `h ^åh ib Bvmthembjto Tur sb dojsmibrh b` smkumbjtb trènmdo6
Yrènmdo ib @hrkh Imsthjdmh bxphjimio h` MEIh —B8 eès trènmdo ib `h Vojh Rrahjh Jortb ib `h bsthdmôj B4 (h` ;2%) y b` trènmdo ib `h zojh Rrahjh Dbjtro ib Fhíj ib `h bsthdmôj B4 (h` 23%) bstos pordbjthfbs ib vbgådu`os toehråhj `h våh ib bvmthembjto h nmj ib ibsdojkbstmojhr `h dmuihi. Bj b` prbsbjtb bstuimo `hs Dhemojbths Qurh`bs jo sb ibsvmhråhj por imdgh våh yh qub bsths tmbjbj ujh ruth bstha`bdmih. Yha`h 1;6 Yrènmdo Ibsvmhio qub Rshrè `h ^åh ib Bvmthembjto Jortb. (Bxphjimio).
Nubjtb6 Eujmdmph`mihi imstrmth` ib Fhíj.
Yha`h 176 Yrènmdo ibsvmhio qub ushrè `h ^åh ib Bvmthembjto Tur (Bxphjimio).
Nubjtb6 Eujmdmph`mihi imstrmth` ib Fhíj. Tb rbdoembjih bep`bhr b` Yrènmdo ibsvmhio ib `h ^åh ib Bvmthembjto Jortb qub prbsbjth uj MEIh ib 41; vbg/iåh.
Sroybddmôj ib` trènmdo ibsvmhio
Doj `os vh`orbs dh`du`hios phrh `h våh ib bvmthembjto, trheo jortb y sur sb ghj bnbdtuhio proybddmojbs qub sb dojsmibrhj doeo høo ib mjmdmo ib opbrhdmojbs b` 138= y b` 1318 `h kbjbrhdmôj ib trènmdo.
Bj b` Bstuimo ib trènmdo sb gh dojsmibrhio uj trènmdo kbjbrhio, ib 83% h phrtmr ib` høo 1318, tbjmbjio bj dubjth qub h` ghdbr`b uj ehjtbjmembjto h `h dhrrbtbrh mjiuiha`bebjtb eès vbgådu`os ushrèj bsth dhrrbtbrh.
Yhshs ib Kbjbrhdmôj ib ^mhfbs
Shrh bstha`bdbr `hs thshs ib kbjbrhdmôj ib vmhfbs, sb tuvo bj dubjth `h phrtmdmphdmôj ib `hs vhrmha`bs sodmo-bdojôemdhs doeo b` SAM y `h poa`hdmôj, ib` ibphrthebjto ib Dhfhehrdh y ib hqub``os qub tmbjbj rb`hdmôj doj b` trènmdo qub soporth `h våh. @hs thshs ib kbjbrhdmôj ib vmhfbs sb oatuvmbroj dojsmibrhjio phrh `h dhrrbtbrh bj bstuimo, `os proebimos pojibrhios ib `hs thshs ib kbjbrhdmôj ib vmhfbs phrh dhih tmpo ib vbgådu`o y por phrbs ib zojhs sbköj oråkbjbs y ibstmjos ib `hs bjdubsths dorrbspojimbjtbs. Tb bstha`bdmbroj zojhs ib trèjsmto. @hs thshs ib kbjbrhdmôj ib vmhfbs sb dh`du`hroj phrh dhih tmpo ib vbgådu`o dojsmibrhjio doeo vhrmha`b `h b`hstmdmihi ib` trènmdo, ib hdubrio h `o smkumbjtb rb`hdmôj6
Qvm5 Qpm x B`m
Iojib6 Qvm 5 Yhsh ib kbjbrhdmôj ib vmhfbs.
Qpm 5 Yhsh ib drbdmembjto ib `h poa`hdmôj. B`m 5 B`hstmdmihi ib` trènmdo por tmpo ib vbgådu`o.
Yha`h 1=6 B`hstmdmihibs ib trènmdo
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Doj `os vh`orbs dh`du`hios phrh `h våh ib bvmthembjto, trheo jortb y sur sb ghj bnbdtuhio proybddmojbs qub sb dojsmibrhj doeo høo ib mjmdmo ib opbrhdmojbs b` 138= y b` 1318 `h kbjbrhdmôj ib trènmdo. Bj b` Bstuimo ib trènmdo sb gh dojsmibrhio uj trènmdo kbjbrhio, ib 83% h phrtmr ib` høo 1318, tbjmbjio bj dubjth qub h` ghdbr`b uj ehjtbjmembjto h `h dhrrbtbrh mjiuiha`bebjtb eès vbgådu`os ushrèj bsth dhrrbtbrh.
H dojtmjuhdmôj, bj b` smkumbjtb krhnmdo sb hifujth b` Yrènmdo proybdthio.
Yha`h 436 Sroybddmôj ib Yrènmdo ^åh ib Bvmthembjto Jortb
Nubjtb6 Eujmdmph`mihi imstrmth` ib Fhíj.
72
Jöebro hdueu`hio ib rbpbtmdmojbs ib bfbs bqumvh`bjtbs
@h kuåh kuåh HH HHTG TGYO YO,, do dojsm jsmib ibrh rh do doeo eo phr phrèe èebt btro ro ib im imsb sbøo øo b` Jöeb Jöebro ro bspbrh bspbrhio io ib rbpbtmdmojbs rbpbtm dmojbs ib bfbs bqumvh` bqumvh`bjtbs bjtbs h 7.1 Yj bj b` pbrmoio ib imsbøo ([87), b` duh` dorrbspojib dorrbspojib h` BH@ hnbdthio por dobnmdmbjtbs qub rbprbsbjthj b` sbjtmio y b` jöebro ib dhrrm`bs qub tbjirè `h våh.
[87 5 II x I@ x BH@ Iojib6 BH@ 5 Jue Juebro bro iibb bfb bfbss bqum bqumvh` vh`bjt bjtbs bs h 7.1 tj bj bb`` pbrmoi pbrmoioo ib im imsbøo sbøo.. II
5 Bs uj nnhdt hdtor or ib ims imstrm trmaudm audmôj ôj imrbdd imrbddmoj mojh`. h`. Sor `o kbjbr kbjbrh` h` sb sb dojsm dojsmibrh ibrh 3.2
I@ 5 Nhdtor Dhrrm` Dhrrm`,, bj nujdmôj h` pordbjthf pordbjthfbb phrh bfbs ib pordbjthfb phrh bfbs ib 7.1 Yj bj dhih imrbddmôj (Tb gh dojsmibrhio b` 833% phrh uj dhrrm` por sbjtmio). B` jöebro hdueu`hio ib rbpbtmdmojbs ib Bfbs Bqumvh`bjtbs ib 7.1 Yj, phrh uj so`o sbjtmio, bj uj pbråoio ib vmih ötm` ib (j) høos y ujh thsh ib drbdmembjto (r), sb dh`du`ô doj `h bxprbsmôj smkumbjtb6
[email protected](j høos)
e
m 8
4>2
Ni Ni
Krj HHIYm HHIYm
Jm Jm
NBm NBm
Iojib6 BTH@ BT H@mm
5D Dhr hrkh kh hdue hdueu` u`hi hihh bbqu qumv mvh` h`bj bjttb h 87, 87,33 3333 ``aa (73 (73 LJ) bj uj so so``o bfb bfb,, pphr hrhh ``hh 7>
dhtbkoråh m ib bfb
7;
Ni
5
Nhdtor ib imsbøo ib ddhhrr rrmm` (sb dojsm smiibrh 3.2 ph phrh dh dhrr rrbbtbrhs ib ib ujh dh dh`zhih y
ios sbjtmios ib dmrdu`hdmôj h rhzôj ib uj dhrrm` por sbjtmio)
Krj imsbøo j.
5
Nh Nhdt dtor or ib dr drbd bdmmembj embjtto ph phrh rh ibt ibtbr brem emjh jhrr tths hshh ib dr drbd bdme memmbj bjtto r y pb pbrm rmoi oioo ib
HHIYm
5
Yrèjsmto Hjuh` Imhrmo proebimo (YSIH) bj b` prmebr høo phrh `h
dhtbkoråh ib bfb m.
Jm
5
Jöebro ib Bfbs bj dhih vbgådu`o ib `h dhtbkoråh m
NBm
5
Nhdtor iibb bqumvh`bjdmh iibb dh dhrkh phrh `h dhtbkoråh ib ib bf bfb mm..
B` nhdtor ib drbdmembjto (Krj) phrh ibtbremjhr thsh ib drbdmembjto r y pbrmoio ib imsbøo j, sb dh`du`ô doj `h bxprbsmôj smkumbjtb6
Krj
8
r 8
j
r
Iojib6 r
5
Yhsh ib drbdmembjto
j
5
Jöebro ib høos y/o Sbrmoio ib imsbøo.
Qbbep`hzhjio `os vh`orbs sb oatmbjb `h smkumbjtb bxprbsmôj6
4>2 3.2 8
BTH BTH @
7.1Yj(j høos)
r
8
j
e
HHIYm
Jm Jm NBm NBm
m8
r
Tmbjio6
HHIYm
5
Yrèjsmto Hjuh` Imhrmo proebimo (YSIH) bj b` prmebr høo phrh `h
dhtbkoråh ib bfb m, bxprbshio bj MEI Hjuh` Yoth` phrh imsbøo ib `h dhtbkoråh ib bfb m.
Jm * NBm 5
NIm6 Nhdtor Ibstrudtmvo ibtbremjhio por b` Nhdtor ib bqumvh`bjdmh ib
dhrkh phrh `h dhtbkoråh ib bfb m hnbdthio por b` Jöebro ib Bfbs bj dhih vbgådu`o ib dhtbkoråh m.
∘
HHIYm*Jm*NBm
MEIoe*NIoe+MEI1b`m*NI1b`m+MEI1b*NI1b+MEI4b*NI4b+MEIh*NIh.
oe
5
Ôejmaus
1b`m
5
Dhemôj ib 1 bfbs `mkbros
1b
5
Dhemôj ib 1 bfbs
4b
5
Dhemôj ib 4 bfbs
h
5
Hrtmdu`hios
5
Qbbep`hzhjio toihs `os vh`orbs y vhrmha`bs sb oatmbjb `h smkumbjtb bxprbsmôj6
[email protected] Yj (j høos) 54>2 * (MEIoe*NIoe+MEI1b`m*NI1b`m+MEI1b*NI1b+MEI4b*NI4b+MEIh*NIh) * \(8+r)Zj -8U
Iojib6 J
5 Jöebro ib Bfbs Bqumvh`bjtbs Hdueu`hi Hdueu`hios os
MEI ME I 5 ÅÅji jimd mdbb E Ebi bimmo I Immhr hrmo mo NI
5 Nhdtor Ibstrudtmvo
r
5 Yhsh ib drbdmembjto
j
5 Sbråoio ib Imsbøo
oe
5 Ôejmaus
1b`m 1b`m
5 Dh Dhem emôj ôj ib 1 bf bfbs bs `mkbr broos
1b
5 Dhemôj ib 1 bfbs
4b
5 Dhemô Dhemôjj ib 4 bf bfbs bs
h 5 Hrtmdu`hios Bj duhjto h `os nhdtorbs ib dhrkh, o ibstrudtmvos, sb prbsbjthj bj b` smkumbjtb duhiro ib ‐Nhdtorbs ib Dhrkh―, qub rb`hdmojhj h` tmpo ib vbgådu`os doj vh`orbs toehios phrh `h bsthdmôj dojtbep`hih bj b` bstuimo ib trènmdo ib rbnbrbjdmh.
Yha`h 486Dè`du`o ib` BH@ sbköj `hs dhrkhs rbh`bs hdtuhjtbs soarb b` phvmebjto våh ib bvmthembjto jortb.
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h 416 Hjè`msms ib bfbs bqumvh`bjtbs hdueu`hios.
YQHEO GOEOKÍJBO ÖJMDO6 ^MH B^MYHEMBJYO JOQYB ^MH B^MYHEMBJYO JOQYB
SBQMOIO 1318 - 131> 1318 - 1348
BFBT BXRM^H@BJYBT HDRER@HIOT (8x83Z2) 7.38 82.4
SBQMOIO IB IMTBØO (HØO) 32 83
Nubjtb6 Eujmdmph`mihi imstrmth` ib Fhíj.
Ebtoio`okåh ib Imsbøo
B` eítoio ib `h Hebrmdhj Hssodmhtmoj on Tthtb Gmkgwhy hji Yrhjsporthtmoj Onnmdmh`s (HHTGYO), vbrsmôj 8==4, bstha`bdb qub `h bstrudturh ib uj phvmebjto ibab shtmsnhdbr uj ibtbremjhio Jöebro Bstrudturh`, b` duh` sb dh`du`h bj nujdmôj6 h) B` trènmdo qub trhjsdurrmrè por `h våh, iurhjtb uj ibtbremjhio jöebro ib høos (pbråoio ib imsbøo)< a) @h rbsmstbjdmh ib` sub`o qub soporthrè h` phvmebjto< y, d) @os jmvb`bs ib sbrvmdmham`mihi ibsbhios phrh `h våh, thjto h` mjmdmo doeo h` nmjh` ib su vmih ib sbrvmdmo.
Himdmojh`ebjtb, ibabj dojsmibrhrsb ibtbremjhios phrèebtros bsthiåstmdos, qub nujdmojhj doeo nhdtorbs ib sbkurmihi qub khrhjtmzhj qub `h so`udmôj oatbjmih duep`b doj uj ibtbremjhio jmvb` ib dojnmhjzh.
Rjh vbz ibtbremjhio b` Jöebro Bstrudturh` rbqubrmio, `h bstrudturhdmôj ib` phvmebjto sb rbh`mzh por thjtbos, hsmkjhjio imebjsmojbs h dhih ujh ib `hs dhphs dojsmibrhihs, y, dh`du`hjio bj nujdmôj h bsths imebjsmojbs y h `h dh`mihi ib `os ehtbrmh`bs bep`bhios -bxprbshih ebimhjtb uj dobnmdmbjtb dobnmd mbjtb bstrudtu bstrudturh` rh` y ib irbjhfb- `os jöebros bstrudt bstrudturh`bs urh`bs phrdmh`bs, phrdmh`bs, `os qub suehios ibabj shtmsnhdbr b` vh`or toth` rbqubrmio.
@os bspbsorbs ib `hs dhphs nmjh`bs ibabj duep`mr doj ibtbre ibtbremjhios mjhios vh`orbs eåjmeos, eåjmeos, por rhzojbs dojstrudtmvhs (thehøo eèxmeo ib `hs phrtådu`hs y bspbsor eåjmeo phrh doephdthdmôj ib `h dhph supbrmor), por rhzojbs ib trènmdo y por rhzojbs ib tmpo bstrudturh`.
Jöebro Bstrudturh` Yoth` Qbqubrmio
Shrh b` dè`du`o ib` Jöebro Bstrudturh` Yoth` (TJ), qub ibab shtmsnhdbr `h bstrudturh ib` phvmebjto, b` eítoio propordmojh `h smkumbjtb bxprbsmôj6
@ok STM
@ok 83 ([ 87 ) Vr Vr * To =.4> * @ok 83 (TJ 8)
3.13
9.1 8.2
83
1.41 * @ok 83 ( EQ EQ) 7.3;
83=9 3.9 (TJ 8)2.8=
Iojib6
[87 6
Ju Jue ebr broo ppro royb ybdt dthi hioo iibb dhr dhrkh kh bq bqum umvh vh``bj bjtb tb ib 87 lm lmpp (87 (8733 3333 `a) `a) ib
hp`mdhdmôj ib dhrkh hxmh` smep`bs
Vr
6
Ibsvmhdmôj bstèjihr joreh`
To
6
Brr rror or bs bstè tèji jihr hr do doea eammjh jhio io ib ib`` tr trhn hnmmdo pr proy oybd bdth thio io y ib ib`` do doe epo port rthe hemb mbjt jtoo
EQ
6
Eôiu`o Qbsm`mbjtb (psm)
TJ
6
Jöebro bst strrud udtturh rh`` mmjjimdhtmvo iibb` bsp spbbso sorr ttooth` ib` phvmebjt jtoo rb rbqubrm rmiio.
proybdthio
STM 6
Imnbrb rbjjdmh bjt bjtrb åji åjimdb ib sb sbrv rvmmdm dmhham`mih ihii mjm mjmdmh` h`,, So, So, y b` åji åjimdb ib
sbrvmdmham`mihi tbremjh`, St. (St-So)
Bstrudturhdmôj Ib` Shvmebjto
@os bspbsorbs nmjh`bs ib` rbnubrzo o bstrudturh rbdoebjihih (dhrpbth, ahsb, suaahsb, sm nubrh b` dhso), sb ghj ibtbremjhio bep`bhjio `h bxprbsmôj propubsth por `h HHTGYO, `h duh` doeprbjib `os dobnmdmbjtbs ib trhjsnorehdmôj phrh dhih tmpo ib dhph. Shrh `h trhjsnorehdmôj ib` jöebro bstrudturh` bj dhphs krhju`hrbs y dhrpbth ib roihiurh, b` eítoio propordmojh `h smkumbjtb bxprbsmôj6
TJ 5 h8* I8+ h1 * I1* e1 + h4* I4* e4 Iojib6 TJY
6
Jöebro Bstrudturh` Yoth` rbqubrmio
h8, h1, h4
6
Dobnmdmbjtbs bstrudturh`bs ib `os ehtbrmh`bs
e1 , e4
6
Dobnmdmbjtb ib irbjhfb ehtbrmh` krhju`hrbs
I8, I1, I4
6
Bspbsorbs hsuemios ib `hs dhphs
Dojodmio b` Jöebro Bstrudturh` Yoth` (TJY) rbqubrmio, qub ibab shtmsnhdbr `h bstrudturh toth` ib` phvmebjto, b` imebjsmojhembjto sb rbiudb h uj proa`beh ib tmpo hrmteítmdo, yh qub, h 8, h1, h4, e1 y e4, soj vh`orbs dojodmios, y, I 8, I1, I4 soj vh`orbs hsuemios ib th` ehjbrh qub, bnbdtuhihs `hs opbrhdmojbs mjimdhihs bj `h bxprbsmôj, sb ibab duep`mr doj `h mkuh`ihi.
Shrèebtros ib imsbøo
Yrènmdo B` jöebro hdueu`hio ib dhrkhs ib Bfb Bqumvh`bjtb ib imsbøo (7.13 Yoj.) qub dmrdu`h por `hs våhs ib hddbso iurhjtb `h vmih ötm` prbvmsth, sb gh ibtbremjhio bj ahsb h `h mjnorehdmôj ib trènmdo dorrbspojimbjtb h` Bstuimo ib Srb mjvbrsmôj h jmvb` ib pbrnm` ib `h ^åh Bvmthembjto Fhíj ib ehyo ib` høo 138>. Bj rbsuebj, sb tmbjb b` smkumbjtb duhiro6
Yha`h 446 Hjè`msms ib bfbs bqumvh`bjtbs hdueu`hios
YQHEO GOEOKÍJBO SBQMOIO
ÖJMDO6 ^MH B^MYHEMBJYO JOQYB ^MH B^MYHEMBJYO JOQYB
1318 - 131> 1318 - 1348
BFBT BXRM^H@BJYBT HDRER@HIOT (8x83Z2) 7.38 82.4
Nubjtb6 Eujmdmph`mihi imstrmth` ib Fhíj.
SBQMOIO IB IMTBØO (HØO) 32 83
Eôiu`o rbsm`bjtb
Shrh hddbibr h `os Hahdos ib imsbøo HHTGYO =4, bs jbdbshrmo qub bstb vh`or ib DAQ sbh trhiudmio h Eôiu`o Qbsm`bjtb (Er). Ihih `h bsdhsh mjnorehdmôj bxmstbjtb bj b` ebimo soarb bstos bjshyos, sb gh bep`bhio ujh dorrb`hdmôj bjtrb DAQs vbrsus Eôiu`os ib Qbsm`mbjdmh bxpubsth bj Ebdghjmstmd-Bepmrmdh` Ibsmkj on Jbw hji Qbgham`mthtbs Shvbebjt Ttrudturbs, JDGQS Ibsmkj Kumib 13386
Ihih `h bsdhsh mjnore mjnorehdmôj hdmôj bxmstbjtb bxmstbjtb bj b` ebimo soarb bstos bjshyos, sb gh bep`bhio bep`bhio `h dorrb`hdmôj bxpubsth bj Ebdghjmstmd-Bepmrmdh` Ibsmkj on Jbw hji Qbgham`mthtbs Shvbebjt Ttrudturbs, JDGQS Ibsmkj Kumib 1338, `h emseh qub bs toehih bj dubjth theamíj bj b` Ehjuh` ib Dhrrbt Dhrrbtbrhs6 brhs6 ‐Tub`os, Kbo`okåh, Kbotbdjm Kbotbdjmhh y Shvmeb Shvmebjtos jtos (Tbddmôj6 Tub`os y Shvme Shvmebjtos)― bjtos)― ib` EYD. Er 5 1222 x DAQ 3.>9 (psm)
Shrh ibtbremjhr b` DAQ ib Imsbøo phrh `h våh Sroybdthih sb gh toehio `os ihtos ib` Bstuimo ib `h Dhrrbtbrh Dghehyh — Fhíj — Le. 23+372.
Yha`h 496 Duhiro rbsuebj ib bjshyos DAQ.
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
B` mjmdmo ib` proybdto domjdmib doj b` le. 88+733 ib `h dhrrbtbrh Dghehyh — Fhbj — Thj Mkjhdmo, y b` nmjh` ib `h våh ib bvmthembjto beph`eh doj b` Le. 11+743 ib `h emseh dhrrbtbrh, por `o thjto, phrh bstmehr b` DAQ ib imsbøo sb ghj dojsmibrhio `os DAQ ib `hs dh`mdhths ib` Bstuimo ib rbnbrbjdmh doeo sb eubstrh h dojtmjuhdmôj. Yha`h 426 DAQ ib dh`mdhths
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Tb ibtbremjô uj DAQ proebimo rbtmrhjio `os DAQ qub prbsbjthj vh`orbs euy h`tos y euy ahfos, oatbjmbjio uj DAQ ib imsbøo ib 83.>9 h` 833% EIT.
Dojnmham`mihi Aèsmdhebjtb Aèsmdh ebjtb,, bs ujh noreh ib mjdorpo mjdorporhr rhr dmbrto krhio ib dbrtbz dbrtbzhh bj b` prodbso ib imsbøo, phrh khrhjtmzhr qub `h sbddmôj ib` phvmebjto proybdthio sb doeporthrè shtmsnhdtormhebjtb ahfo `hs dojimdmojbs ib trènmdo y ebimo heambjtb iurhjtb b` pbrmoio ib imsbøo. B` jmvb` ib dojnmhjzh tmbjb doeo nujdmôj khrhjtmzhr qub `hs h`tbrjhtmvhs hiopthihs pbriurbj iurhjtb b` pbrmoio ib imsbøo.
@h dojnmham`mihi jo bs uj phrèebtro ib mjkrbso imrbdto bj `h Bduhdmôj ib Imsbøo, phrh b``o ibab ushrsb b` dobnmdmbjtb bsthiåstmdo dojodmio doeo Ibsvmhdmôj Joreh` Bstèjihr (Vr). H dojtmjuhdmôj, sb bspbdmnmdhj `os vh`orbs rbdoebjihios ib jmvb`bs ib Dojnmham`mihi phrh `os imnbrbjtbs rhjkos ib trènmdo ibsdrmtos bj b` Ehjuh` ib Dhrrbtbrhs6 ‐Tub`os, Kbo`okåh, Kbotbdjmh y Shvmebjtos (Tbddmôj6 Tub`os y Shvmebjtos)― ib` EYD6
Yha`h 4>6 ^h`orbs rbdoebjihios ib Jmvb`bs ib dojnmham`mihi
Nubjtb6 EYD.
Ibsvmhdmôj bstèjihr joreh` (Vr)
B` dobnmdmbjtb bsthiåstmdo ib Ibsvmhdmôj Bstèjihr Joreh` (Vr) rbprbsbjth b` vh`or ib `h Dojnmham`mihi sb`bddmojhih, phrh uj dojfujto ib ihtos bj ujh imstrmaudmôj Joreh`. B` Ehjuh` ib Dhrrbtbrhs6 ‐Tub`os, Kbo`okåh, Kbotbdjmh y Shvmebjtos (Tbddmôj6 Tub`os y Shvmebjtos)― ib` EYD rbdoembjih `os smkumbjtbs vh`orbs6
Yha`h 4;6 Ibsvmhdmôj bstèjihr joreh` (Vr)
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Ibsvmhdmôj bstèjihr doeamjhih (To)
@h Ibsvmhdmôj Bstèjihr Bstèjihr Doeam Doeamjhih jhih (To), bs uj vh`or qub toeh bj dubjth `h vhrmham`mihi vhrmham`mihi bspbrhih ib `h prbimddmôj ib` trèjsmto y ib `os otros nhdtorbs qub hnbdthj b` doeporthembjto ib` phvmebjto< doeo, por bfbep`o, dojstruddmôj, ebimo heambjtb, mjdbrtmiuearb ib` eoib`o.
@h Kuåh HHTGYO rbdoembjih hiopthr phrh `os phvmebjtos n`bxma`bs, vh`orbs ib To doeprbjimios bjtrb 3.93 y 3.23, bj b` Ehjuh` ib Dhrrbtbrhs6 ‐Tub`os, Kbo`okåh, Kbotbdjmh y Shvmebjtos (Tbddmôj6 Tub`os y Shvmebjtos)― ib` EYD sb hiopth phrh `os imsbøos rbdoebjihios b` vh`or ib 3.92.
T 3 5 3.92
Tbrvmdmham`mihi mjmdmh` (Sm)
@h Tbrvmdmham`mihi Mjmdmh` (Sm) bs `h dojimdmôj ib ujh våh rbdmbjtbebjtb dojstrumih. H dojtmj doj tmjuhdm uhdmôj, ôj, sb mji mjimdh mdhjj `os åjimdb åjimdbss ib sbrv sbrvmdm mdmoo mjmdmh mjmdmh`` phrh phrh `os imnbrbj imnbrbjtbs tbs tmpos tmpos ib trè trènmd nmdoo rbdoebjihios bj b` Ehjuh` ib Dhrrbtbrhs6 ‐Tub`os, Kbo`okåh, Kbotbdjmh y Shvmebjtos (Tbddmôj6 Tub`os y Shvmebjtos)― ib` EYD6
Yha`h 476 Åjimdb ib sbrvmdmham`mihi (Sm).
Nubjtb6 EYD.
9.1 Dè`du`o ib bspbsorbs ib` phvmebjto ib hdubrio h `hs h`tbrjhtmvhs ib trhthembjto Doj `os Shrèebtros oatbjmios sb prodbimô h dh`du`hr b` bspbsor ib` phvmebjto ib `hs ios H`tbrjhtmvhs ib Yrhzos h jmvb` ib Ebzd`h Hsnè`tmdh bj Dh`mbjtb (EHD) phrh uj Sbrmoio ib imsbøo6 ib 83 høos y Yrhthembjto Tupbrnmdmh` Amdhph (YTA) phrh uj Sbrmoio ib Imsbøo ib 32 Høos, oatbjmbjio `os dè`du`os doeo sb eubstrh bj `os krènmdos dorrbspojimbjtbs6
Yha`h 4=6 H`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo J³8 — Ebzd`h hsnè`tmdh bj dh`mbjtb. IMTBØO IB @H BTYQRDYRQH IB@ SH^MEBJYO ^MH B^MYHEMBJYO FHBJ - H@YBQJHYM^H IB YQHVO J³ 38 EBVD@H HTNH@YMDH BJ DH@MBJYB (EHD)
M.- IHYOT IB BJYQHIH6 8. DHQHDYBQMTYMDHT IB EHYBQMH@BT
H. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H DHQSBYH HTNH@YMDH (lsm) A. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H AHTB KQHJR@HQ (lsm) D. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H TRA-AHTB (lsm)
IHYOT
943.33 43.33 82.33
1. IHYOT IB YQHNMDO ] SQOSMBIHIBT IB @H TRAQHTHJYB
H. JREBQO IB BFBT BXRM^H@BJYBT YOYH@ ([87)
8.24B+3>
72% -8.34> 3.92 88.>3 9.3 1.2 83
A. NHDYOQ IB DOJNMHAM@MIHI (Q) TYHJIHQI JOQEH@ IB^MHYB (Vr) O^BQH@@ TYHJIHQI IB^MHYMOJ (To) D. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H TRAQHTHJYB (Er, lsm) I. TBQ^MDMHAM@MIHI MJMDMH@ (pm) B. TBQ^mDMHAM@MIHI NMJH@ (pt) N. SBQMOIO IB IMTBØO (Høos) 4. IHYOT SHQH BTYQRDYRQHDMO IB@ SH^MEBJYO
H. DOBNMDMBJYBT BTYQRDYRQH@BT IB DHSH DHSH TRSBQNMDMH@
Dhrpbth Hsnh`tmdh bj Dh`mbjtb, Eoiu`o 1,=>2 Eph (943,333 STM) Dhrpbth Hsnh`tmdh bj Nrmo Ebzd`h Hsnh`tmdh doj Beu`smoj Emdrophvmebjto 12 ee Yrhthembjto Tupbrnmdmh` Amdhph @bdghih Hsnh`tmdh (T`urry Tbh` (8,1 ee)
h8 h8 h8 h8 h8
3.8;3 /de 3.8;3 /de 3.843 /de 3.333 3.333
h h1 1 h1h h1a h1d
3 3..3 32 21 9 //d de e 3.882 /de 3.3;3 /de 3.373 /de
A TB
Ahsb Ahsb Krhju`hr Krhju`hr (DAQ (DAQ 73%) 833%)doephdthih doephdthihh`h`833% 833%ib ib`h`hEIT EIT Ahsb Krhju`hr Yrhthih doj Hsnh`to (Bstham`mihi 8233 `a) Ahsb Krhju`hr Yrhthih doj Dbebjto Sort`hji (Qbsmstbjdmh h `h doeprbsmoj ; imhs 5 42 lk/de1) Ahsb Krhju`hr Yrhthih doj Dh` (Qbsmstbjdmh h `h doeprbsmoj ; imhs 5 81 lk/de1) TRA A TB
3.39; /de 3.323 /de
Tuaahsb (DAQ 93%) doephdthih h` 833% ib `h EIT Tuaahsb (DAQ >3%) A. DOBNMDMBJYBT IB IQBJHFB IB DHSH
8.333 8.333
Dobnmdmbjtb ib Irbjhfb Ahsb Krhju`hr Dobnmdmbjtb ib Irbjhfb Tuaahsb Krhju`hr MM.- IHYOT IB TH@MIH6
JREBQO BTYQRDYRQH@ QBXRBQMIO YOYH@ (TJ QBX)
4.37
MMM.- BTYQRDYRQH IB@ SH^MEBJYO SQOSRBTYO H@Y. 38 - EHD BTSBTOQ IB HTNH@YO (de)
=.33
BTSBTOQ IB AHTB KQHJR@HQ (de)
82.33
BTSBTOQ IB TRA AHTB KQHJR@HQ (de)
8;.23
JREBQO BTYQRDYRQH@ SQOSRBTYO (TJ SQOS)
4.84 DOQQBDYO
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h 936 H`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo J³8 — Yrhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph IMTBØO IB @H BTYQRDYRQH IB@ SH^MEBJYO ^MH B^MYHEMBJYO FHBJ - H@YBQJHYM^H IB YQHVO J³ 38 YQHYHEMBJYO TRSBQNMDMH@ AMDHSH (YTA)
M.- IHYOT IB BJYQHIH6 8. DHQHDYBQMTYMDHT IB EHYBQMH@BT
H. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H DHQSBYH HTNH@YMDH (lsm) A. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H AHTB KQHJR@HQ (lsm) D. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H TRA-AHTB (lsm) 1. IHYOT IB YQHNMDO ] SQOSMBIHIBT IB @H TRAQHTHJYB
IHYOT 943.33 43.33 82.33
H. JREBQO IB BFBT BXRM^H@BJYBT YOYH@ ([87) A. NHDYOQ IB DOJNMHAM@MIHI (Q) TYHJIHQI JOQEH@ IB^MHYB (Vr) O^BQH@@ TYHJIHQI IB^MHYMOJ (To) D. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H TRAQHTHJYB (Er, lsm) I. TBQ^MDMHAM@MIHI MJMDMH@ (pm) B. TBQ^mDMHAM@MIHI NMJH@ (pt) N. SBQMOIO IB IMTBØO (Høos)
7.83B+32 72% -8.34> 3.92 88.>3 4.2 1.2 2
4. IHYOT SHQH BTYQRDYRQHDMO IB@ SH^MEBJYO
H. DOBNMDMBJYBT BTYQRDYRQH@BT IB DHSH DHSH TRSBQNMDMH@ Dhrpbth Hsnh`tmdh bj Dh`mbjtb, Eoiu`o 1,=>2 Eph (943,333 STM) Dhrpbth Hsnh`tmdh bj Nrmo Ebzd`h Hsnh`tmdh doj Beu`smoj Emdrophvmebjto 12 ee Yrhthembjto Tupbrnmdmh` Amdhph @bdghih Hsnh`tmdh (T`urry Tbh` (8,1 ee)
h8 h8 h8 h8 h8
3.8;3 /de 3.8;3 /de 3.843 /de 3.333 3.333
h1 h1 h1h h1a h1d
3.321 3.329 3.882 3.3;3 3.373
A TB
Ahsb Krhju`hr (DAQ 73%) doephdthih h` 833% ib `h EIT Ahsb Krhju`hr (DAQ 833%) doephdthih h` 833% ib `h EIT Ahsb Krhju`hr Yrhthih doj Hsnh`to (Bstham`mihi 8233 `a) Ahsb Krhju`hr Yrhthih doj Dbebjto Sort`hji (Qbsmstbjdmh h `h doeprbsmoj ; imhs 5 42 lk/de1) Ahsb Krhju`hr Yrhthih doj Dh` (Qbsmstbjdmh h `h doeprbsmoj ; imhs 5 8 1 lk/de1)
/de /de /de /de /de
TRA A TB
3.39; /de 3.323 /de
Tuaahsb (DAQ 93%) doephdthih h` 833% ib `h EIT Tuaahsb (DAQ >3%) A. DOBNMDMBJYBT IB IQBJHFB IB DHSH Dobnmdmbjtb ib Irbjhfb Ahsb Krhju`hr Dobnmdmbjtb ib Irbjhfb Tuaahsb Krhju`hr
8.333 8.333
MM.- IHYOT IB TH@MIH6 JREBQO BTYQRDYRQH@ QBXRBQMIO YOYH@ (TJ QBX)
1.=8
MMM.- BTYQRDYRQH IB@ SH^MEBJYO SQOSRBTYO H@Y. 31 - YTA
YQHYHEMBJYO TRSBQNMDMH@ AMDHSH (de) BTSBTOQ IB AHTB KQHJR@HQ (de)
12.33
BTSBTOQ IB TRA AHTB KQHJR@HQ (de)
42.33
JREBQO BTYQRDYRQH@ SQOSRBTYO (TJ SQOS)
1.=2 DOQQBDYO
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h 986 H`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo J³1 — Ebzd`h hsnè`tmdh bj dh`mbjtb IMTBØO IB @H BTYQRDYRQH IB@ SH^MEBJYO ^MH B^MYHEMBJYO FHBJ - H@YBQJHYM^H IB YQHVO J³ 31 EBVD@H HTNH@YMDH BJ DH@MBJYB (EHD)
M.- IHYOT IB BJYQHIH6 8. DHQHDYBQMTYMDHT IB EHYBQMH@BT
H. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H DHQSBYH HTNH@YMDH (lsm) A. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H AHTB KQHJR@HQ (lsm) D. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H TRA-AHTB (lsm) 1. IHYOT IB YQHNMDO ] SQOSMBIHIBT IB @H TRAQHTHJYB
IHYOT 943.33 43.33 82.33
H. JREBQO IB BFBT BXRM^H@BJYBT YOYH@ ([87) A. NHDYOQ IB DOJNMHAM@MIHI (Q) TYHJIHQI JOQEH@ IB^MHYB (Vr) O^BQH@@ TYHJIHQI IB^MHYMOJ (To) D. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H TRAQHTHJYB (Er, lsm) I. TBQ^MDMHAM@MIHI MJMDMH@ (pm) B. TBQ^mDMHAM@MIHI NMJH@ (pt) N. SBQMOIO IB IMTBØO (Høos)
8.24B+3> 72% -8.34> 3.92 88.>3 9.3 1.2 83
4. IHYOT SHQH BTYQRDYRQHDMO IB@ SH^MEBJYO
H. DOBNMDMBJYBT BTYQRDYRQH@BT IB DHSH DHSH TRSBQNMDMH@ Dhrpbth Hsnh`tmdh bj Dh`mbjtb, Eoiu`o 1,=>2 Eph (943,333 STM) Dhrpbth Hsnh`tmdh bj Nrmo Ebzd`h Hsnh`tmdh doj Beu`smoj Emdrophvmebjto 12 ee Yrhthembjto Tupbrnmdmh` Amdhph @bdghih Hsnh`tmdh (T`urry Tbh` (8,1 ee)
h8 h8 h8 h8 h8
3.8;3 /de 3.8;3 /de 3.843 /de 3.333 3.333
h1 h1 h1h h1a h1d
3.321 3.329 3.882 3.3;3 3.373
A TB
Ahsb Krhju`hr (DAQ 73%) doephdthih h` 833% ib `h EIT Ahsb Krhju`hr (DAQ 833%) doephdthih h` 833% ib `h EIT Ahsb Krhju`hr Yrhthih doj Hsnh`to (Bstham`mihi 8233 `a) Ahsb Krhju`hr Yrhthih doj Dbebjto Sort`hji (Qbsmstbjdmh h `h doeprbsmoj ; imhs 5 42 lk/de1) Ahsb Krhju`hr Yrhthih doj Dh` (Qbsmstbjdmh h `h doeprbsmoj ; imhs 5 81 lk/de1)
/de /de /de /de /de
TRA A TB
Tuaahsb (DAQ 93%) doephdthih h` 833% ib `h EIT Tuaahsb (DAQ >3%) A. DOBNMDMBJYBT IB IQBJHFB IB DHSH Dobnmdmbjtb ib Irbjhfb Ahsb Krhju`hr Dobnmdmbjtb ib Irbjhfb Tuaahsb Krhju`hr
3.39; /de 3.323 /de 8.333 8.333
MM.- IHYOT IB TH@MIH6 JREBQO BTYQRDYRQH@ QBXRBQMIO YOYH@ (TJ QBX)
4.37
IB@ SH^MEBJYO SQOSRBTYO MMM.- BTYQRDYRQH IB@ H@Y. 34 - EHD =.33
BTSBTOQ IB HTNH@YO (de) BTSBTOQ IB AHTB KQHJR@HQ (de)
82.33
BTSBTOQ IB TRA AHTB KQHJR@HQ (de)
8;.23
JREBQO BTYQRDYRQH@ SQOSRBTYO (TJ SQOS)
4.84 DOQQBDYO
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h 916 H`tbrjhtmvh ib trhzo J³1 — Yrhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph. IMTBØO IB @H BTYQRDYRQH IB@ SH^MEBJYO ^MH B^MYHEMBJYO FHBJ - H@YBQJHYM^HT IB YQHVO J³31 YQHYHEMBJYO TRSBQNMDMH@ AMDHSH (YTA)
M.- IHYOT IB BJYQHIH6 8. DHQHDYBQMTYMDHT IB EHYBQMH@BT
H. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H DHQSBYH HTNH@YMDH (lsm) A. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H AHTB KQHJR@HQ (lsm) D. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H TRA-AHTB (lsm)
IHYOT
943.33 43.33 82.33
1. IHYOT IB YQHNMDO ] SQOSMBIHIBT IB @H TRAQHTHJYB
7.83B+32
7.83B 32 72% -8.34> 3.92 88.>3 4.2 1.2 2
H. JREBQO IB BFBT BXRM^H@BJYBT YOYH@ ([87) A. NHDYOQ IB DOJNMHAM@MIHI (Q) TYHJIHQI JOQEH@ IB^MHYB (Vr) O^BQH@@ TYHJIHQI IB^MHYMOJ (To) D. EOIR@O IB QBTM@MBJDMH IB @H TRAQHTHJYB (Er, lsm) I. TBQ^MDMHAM@MIHI MJMDMH@ (pm) B. TBQ^mDMHAM@MIHI NMJH@ (pt) N. SBQMOIO IB IMTBØO (Høos) 4. IHYOT SHQH BTYQRDYRQHDMO IB@ SH^MEBJYO
H. DOBNMDMBJYBT BTYQRDYRQH@BT IB DHSH DHSH TRSBQNMDMH@
Dhrpbth Hsnh`tmdh bj Dh`mbjtb, Eoiu`o 1,=>2 Eph (943,333 STM) Dhrpbth Hsnh`tmdh bj Nrmo Ebzd`h Hsnh`tmdh doj Beu`smoj Emdrophvmebjto 12 ee Yrhthembjto Tupbrnmdmh` Amdhph @bdghih Hsnh`tmdh (T`urry Tbh` (8,1 ee)
h8 h8 h8 h8 h8
3.8;3 /de 3.8;3 /de 3.843 /de 3.333 3.333
h1 h1 h1h h1a h1d
3.321 /de 3.329 /de 3.882 /de 3.3;3 /de 3.373 /de
A TB
Ahsb Krhju`hr (DAQ 73%) doephdthih h` 833% ib `h EIT Ahsb Krhju`hr (DAQ 833%) doephdthih h` 833% ib `h EIT Ahsb Krhju`hr Yrhthih doj Hsnh`to (Bstham`mihi 8233 `a) Ahsb Krhju`hr Yrhthih doj Dbebjto Sort`hji (Qbsmstbjdmh h `h doeprbsmoj ; imhs 5 42 lk/de1) Ahsb Krhju`hr Yrhthih doj Dh` (Qbsmstbjdmh h `h doeprbsmoj ; imhs 5 81 lk/de1) TRA A TB
3.39; /de 3.323 /de
Tuaahsb (DAQ 93%) doephdthih h` 833% ib `h EIT Tuaahsb (DAQ >3%) A. DOBNMDMBJYBT IB IQBJHFB IB DHSH
8.333 8.333
Dobnmdmbjtb ib Irbjhfb Ahsb Krhju`hr Dobnmdmbjtb ib Irbjhfb Tuaahsb Krhju`hr MM.- IHYOT IB TH@MIH6
JREBQO BTYQRDYRQH@ QBXRBQMIO YOYH@ (TJ QBX)
1.=8
MMM.- BTYQRDYRQH IB@ SH^MEBJYO SQOSRBTYO
YQHVO 31 - YTA
YQHYHEMBJYO TRSBQNMDMH@ AMDHSH (de) BTSBTOQ IB AHTB KQHJR@HQ (de) BTSBTOQ IB TRA AHTB KQHJR@HQ (de)
12.33
JREBQO BTYQRDYRQH@ SQOSRBTYO (TJ SQOS)
1.=2
42.33
DOQQBDYO
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
^. Imsdu Imsdusmôj smôj ib rbsu`th rbsu`thios ios
Bj `h prbsbjtb tbsms ahshih bj b` proybdto ib våh ib bvmthembjto Fhíj, b` bstuimo ib sub`os, dhjtbrhs y nubjtbs ib hkuh bxpubsto, tuvo doeo pujto ib mjmdmo b` Le 33+333 (Nm`h H`th) y pujto nmjh` b` Le 3=+=83 (@mjibros), bj b` ibphrthebjto y rbkmôj ib Dhfhehrdh, provmjdmh ib Fhíj.
@os trhahfos ib mjvbstmkhdmôj ib dhepo dojsmstmbroj bj `h mjspbddmôj vmsuh` y `h bfbdudmôj ib Sozos ib bxp`orhdmôj o Dh`mdhths ib 8.23 e ib pronujimihi por ibahfo ib` tbrrbjo bxmstbjtb y uamdhihs dhih 8,333 e o por trheos ib sub`o goeokíjbo h `o `hrko ib `h våh. Bj toth` sb bfbduthroj 83 Sozos ib bxp`orhtormos phrh `h mjspbddmôj vmsuh`. Tbköj b` bstuimo ib topokrhnåh sb ghj proybdthio ios ruths, ``hehihs H`tbrjhtmvh ib Yrhzo J³ 38 y H`tbrjhtmvh ib Yrhzo J³ 31< `hs h`tbrjhtmvhs ib trhzo phshj por tbrrbjos bj bsthio jhturh` bj su ehyor phrtb (;2-73%), aosqubs y èrbhs ib du`tmvo ib hrroz, y h jmvb` ib trodgh bj ebjor propordmôj (42-13%). Bj `h H`tbrjhtmvh ib Yrhzo J³ 38, b` tbrrbjo sb dhrhdtbrmzh por `h prbsbjdmh ib sub`os `meosos doj prbsbjdmh ib ehtbrmh` orkèjmdo, duambrtos por vbkbthdmôj doepubsth por hraustos y h`kujos èrao`bs ib podh h`turh ghsth `h Srokrbsmvh Le 3=+333, doj bspbsorbs vhrmha`bs bjtrb 3.13 y 3.23 e y h jmvb` ib suarhshjtb sub`os `meosos, `meo hrdm``osos y hrbjoso `meosos doj krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs< y ibsib b` Le =+333 h` Le =+=83 tbrrbjos dojnorehios por sub`os `meo hrbjosos y hrbjhs `meoshs doj dojtbjmio ib ehtbrmh` orkèjmdo h jmvb` ib suarhshjtb, iojib dojtbep`hj trhahfos ib ebforhembjto ib sub`os h jmvb` sb suarhshjtb.
Bj `h H`tbrjhtmvh ib Yrhzo J³ 31, b` tbrrbjo bs smem`hr ghsth `h prokrbsmvh Le. 4+933.12, `ubko ghsth b` Le. 2+>33 soj sub`os duambrtos por vbkbthdmôj doepubsth por hraustos y h`kujos èrao`bs ib podh h`turh, doj bspbsorbs vhrmha`bs bjtrb 3.13 y 3.73 e y h jmvb` ib suarhshjtb sub`os `meosos, `meo hrdm``osos y hrbjoso `meosos doj krhvhs sbemhjku`oshs< y ibsib b` Le 2+>33 h` Le =+>94 tbrrbjos ib dojnorehios por sub`os `meo hrbjosos y hrbjhs `meoshs h jmvb` ib suarhshjtb y theamíj sb mibjtmnmdhroj sbdtorbs doj ehtbrmh`bs mjhibduhios y ehtbrmh`bs orkèjmdos,
iojib sb dojtbep`hj trhahfos ib ebforhembjto ib sub`os h jmvb` sb suarhshjtb.
^M. Doj Dojd`u d`usmo smojbs jbs
Tb ibtbremjhio b` Imsbøo ib phvmebjto phrh `hs ios h`tbrjhtmvhs ib Yrhzos, y phrh dhih Yrhzo sb gh ibtbremjhio `os bspbsorbs h jmvb` ib Ebzd`h Hsnè`tmdh bj Dh`mbjtb (phrh uj Sbrmoio ib Imsbøo ib 83 høos) y Yrhthembjto Tupbrnmdmh` Amdhph (phrh uj pbrmoio ib Imsbøo ib 32 høos), doeo sb mjimdh bj b` Tmkumbjtb Duhiro6
Yha`h 946 Qbsuebj ib Bspbsorbs ib` Shvmebjto Sroybdthio.
DÈ@DR@O IB BTSBTOQBT IBTDQMSDMÔJ
H@Y. IB YQHVO H@Y. IB YQHVO 38 E HD
BTSBTOQ IB@ HTNH@YO O YTA (de) BTSBTOQ IB AHTB KQHJR@HQ (de) BTSBTOQ IB TRA AHTB KQHJR@HQ (de)
31
YTA
EHD
-
=.33
82.33
12.33
82.33
12.33
8;.23
42.33
8;.23
42.33
=.33
YTA
-
EHD6 Ebzd`h Hsnh`tmdh bj Dh`mbjtb YTA6 Yrhthembjto Tupbrnmdmh` Amdhph Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Shrh b` proybdto6 Dojstruddmôj ib `h våh ib Bvmthembjto ib `h Dmuihi ib Fhíj, sb ghj p`hjtbhio Duhtro H`tbrjhtmvhs ib To`udmôj y `h bstrudturh ib` phvmebjto sb mjimdh h dojtmjuhdmôj6
Yha`h 996 H`tbrjhtmvh J³ 86 Tua Ahsb Krhju`hr + Ahsb Krhju`hr + EHD (H`t. Yrhzo J³ 38).
IMTBØO IB@ SH^MEBJYO IBTDQMSDMÔJ
H@Y. IB YQHVO 38 EBVD@H HTNÈ@YMDH BJ DH@MBJYB
BTSBTOQ IB@ HTNH@YO (de) BTSBTOQ IB AHTB KQHJR@HQ (de)
=.33 82.33
BTSBTOQ IB TRA AHTB
8;.23
KQHJR@HQ (de) Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h 926 H`tbrjhtmvh J³ 16 Tua Ahsb Krhju`hr + Ahsb Krhju`hr + YTA (H`t. Yrhzo J³ 38).
IMTBØO IB@ SH^MEBJYO H@Y. IB YQHVO 38
IBTDQMSDMÔJ
YQHYHEMBJYO TRSBQNMDMH@ AMDHSH
BTSBTOQ IB YTA hprox. (de)
BTSBTOQ IB AHTB KQHJR@HQ
-
12.33
(de) BTSBTOQ IB TRA AHTB
42.33
KQHJR@HQ (de) Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h 9>6 H`tbrjhtmvh J³ 46 Tua Ahsb Krhju`hr + Ahsb Krhju`hr + EHD (H`t. Yrhzo J³ 31).
IMTBØO IB@ SH^MEBJYO IBTDQMSDMOJ
H@Y. IB YQHVO 31 EBVD@H HTNH@YMDH BJ DH@MBJYB
BTSBTOQ IB@ HTNH@YO (de) BTSBTOQ IB AHTB KQHJR@HQ (de)
=.33 82.33
BTSBTOQ IB TRA AHTB
8;.23
KQHJR@HQ (de) Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Yha`h 9;6 H`tbrjhtmvh J³ 96 Tua Ahsb Krhju`hr + Ahsb Krhju`hr + YTA (H`t. Yrhzo J³ 31).
IMTBØO IB@ SH^MEBJYO H@Y. IB YQHVO 31
IBTDQMSDMOJ
YQHYHEMBJYO TRSBQNMDMH@ AMDHSH
BTSBTOQ IB YTA hprox. (de)
BTSBTOQ IB AHTB KQHJR@HQ (de) BTSBTOQ IB TRA AHTB
-
12.33 42.33
KQHJR@HQ (de) Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
@os dè`du`os ib Bfbs bqumvh`bjtbs sb rbh`mzhroj bj ahsb h `os ^h`orbs ib` MEI qub sb sustbjthj bj `os bstuimos ib trènmdo, `os duh`bs dojsmibrhj `hs rbdoebjihdmojbs ibsdrmths bj b` Ehjuh` ib Dhrrbtbrhs Tub`os, Kbo`okåh, Kbotbdjmh y Shvmebjtos ib` EYD.
Shrh ibtbremjhr ibtbremjhr b` DAQ ib imsbøo sb bep`bhio bep`bhio `os DAQ ib `h suarhshj suarhshjtb tb ib `os Bjshyos rbh`mzhios rbh`m zhios phrh b` Sroybdto6 ‐Qbgham` ‐Qbgham`mthdm mthdmôj ôj y Ebforhembjt Ebforhembjtoo ib `h Dhrrbtbrh6 Dhrrbtbrh6 Dghehyh — Fhíj —
Le. 23+372―
Shrh b` Imebjsmojhembjto ib `hs h`tbrjhtmvhs ib so`udmôj ib` Shvmebjto N`bxma`b h Jmvb` ib Dhrpbth Hsnè`tmdh bj Dh`mbjtb sb ghj toehio bj dubjth aèsmdhebjtb `hs rbdoebjihdmojbs ibsdrmths bj b` Ehjuh` ib Dhrrbtbrhs6 Tub`os, Kbo`okåh, Kbotbdjmh y Shvmebjtos ib` EYD, ahshih bj krhj phrtb bj `h Ebtoio`okåh HHTGYO =4.
^MM. Qbdoeb Qbdoebjihdmo jihdmojbs jbs
Shrh `os ebtrhios bj `h h`tbrjht h`tbrjhtmvh mvh ib Yrhzo J³ 38 (h`tbrjht (h`tbrjhtmvh mvh ib Yrhzo sb`bddmojhih) sb`bddmojhih) sb ibab dojsmibrhr b`memjhr `h dhph supbrmor ib` sub`o (8.3 e ib bspbsor hprox. ib hrbjh `meosh doj dojtbjmio dojtbj mio ib ehtbrm ehtbrmh` h` orkèjmdo orkèjmdo mjhpro mjhpropmhio pmhio phrh dojimd dojimdmojbs mojbs ib suarhshjtb) suarhshjtb) y rbbep`hzhr`o rbbep`hzhr`o doj
ehtbrmh` ib dhjtbrh phrh ebforhr `hs dojimdmojbs ib `h suarhshjtb bjtrb `hs prokrbsmvhs Le. 3+333 h` Le. 3+193 y bjtrb `hs prokrbsmvhs Le. =+933 h` Le. =+=83.
Shrh `os ebtrhios bj `h h`tbrjhtmvh ib Yrhzo J³ 31, sb ibab dojsmibrhr b`memjhr `h dhph supbrmor ib` sub`o (8.3 e ib bspbsor hprox. ib hrbjh `meosh doj dojtbjmio ib ehtbrmh` orkèjmdo mjhpropmhio phrh dojimdmojbs ib suarhshjtb) y rbbep`hzhr`o doj ehtbrmh` ib dhjtbrh phrh ebforhr `hs dojimdmojbs ib `h suarhshjtb bjtrb `hs prokrbsmvhs Le. 3+333 h` Le. 3+193, Le 2+=33 h` Le. ;+>13, Le. ;+=33 h` Le. 7+413 y Le. 7+;33 h` Le. =+>94.
Tb rbdoembjih qub sb dojsmibrbj hspbdtos rb`hdmojhios h `h emtmkhdmôj heambjth` ib `hs dhjtbrhs ib` proybdto bj b` qub sb ahsh `h prbsbjtb tbsms, bj `o qub sb rbnmbrb h` trhthembjto y rbgham`mthdmôj ib `hs èrbhs ibstmjhihs h bxp`othdmôj ib ehtbrmh`bs, bj duep`membjto ib `hs bxmkbjdmhs heambjth`bs.
^MMM. ^MM M. Qbn Qbnbrb brbjdm jdmhs hs
Hkum`hr, J. & Th`hs, K. (1381). Doephrhdmôj bjtrb trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` amdhph y hsnh`to bj dh`mbjtb, dh`mb jtb, bj `h rbgham`mth rbgham`mthdmôj dmôj ib `h dhrrbtbrh dhrrbtbrh Dghdhdghdh-]ujkuyo Dghdhdghdh-]ujkuyo-Lhshj -Lhshjmm (Ybsms ib
Srbkrhio), Rjmvbrsmihi Dhtô`mdh ib Thjth Ehråh — Sbrö, Hrbqumph, Sbrö.
Hrmhs, N. (1381). B` Sroybdto ib Mjvbstmkhdmôj. Dhrhdhs, ^bjbzub`h6 Bpmstbeb — Tbxth Bimdmôj.
Dôjior, F. (138>). Yrhth Yrhthembjt embjto o supbrnmdmh` supbrnmdmh` amdhph doj beu`smôj beu`smôj hsnè`tmdh hsnè`tmdh ib `h dhrrbtbrh dhrrbtbrh ^h``b ]hdus provmjdmh ib Fhufh — Qbkmôj Fujåj 1382 (Ybsms ib Srbkrhio), Rjmvbrsmihi Sbruhjh
@os Hjibs, Guhjdhyo, Sbrö.
Emjmstbrmo ib Yrhjsportbs y Doeujmdhdmojbs (1338). Emjmstbrmo ib Yrhjsportbs y Doeujmdhdmojbs6 Ehjuh` ib imsbøo kboeítrmdo phrh dhrrbtbrhs IK-1338. Sbrö6 EYD.
Ortbkh, O. & Shtbrjmjh, @. (1381). Sropubsth phrh `h mep`bebjthdmôj ib ebzd`hs hsnè`tmdhs tmamhs tmamhs bj `h dmui dmuihi hi ib Ebib Ebib`` ``mj mj (Ybsms ib Sostkrhio), Rjmvbrsmihi ib Ebib``åj, Ebib``åj,
Do`oeamh.
Xubmro`o, H. (133=). Tbkumembjto ib uj ioa`b trhthembjto supbrnmdmh` phrh dhemjo ib h`to trèjsmto (Yrhahfo ib Krhiuhdmôj), Rjmvbrsmihi ib Dgm`b, Thjtmhko ib Dgm`b, Dgm`b.
MW.. Hj MW Hjbxo bxoss
Hjbxo 38 Krènmdos ib eoib`hdmôj ib trèjsmto
Nmkurh =6 Eoib`hdmôj ib trèjsmto — Ôvh`o Hrhjh-^mih` (^msth bj 1I).
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Nmkurh 836 Eoib`hdmôj ib trèjsmto — Ôvh`o Hrhjh-^mih` (^msth ib `h Tmeu`hdmôj).
Nubjtb6 Sropmh.
Hjbxo 316 S`hjos
Nmkurh 886 S`hjo J³8 ib Tbddmojbs tåpmdhs h`tbrjhtmvhs.
