Terapia Gestalt Documento

 

Tcrspcgtmves Rcrepíutmges bc he Tsmgjhjaëe @ukenmste  Rcrepme Acsteht.

MNMGMJW ] LSNBEKCNRJW   He Acsteht gjkj tcrepme, `egc su epermgm÷n pjr hjs eõjs 74 y 24 bch smahj PP, bcfmínbjsc sus prmngmpmjs fåsmgjs e LVCBCVMGO TCVHW, psmgjenehmste ehckån. Tcrhs e geuse bc he Trmkcre Aucrre Kunbmeh y pjr tcncr bmvcracngmes gjn ch psmgjenåhmsms sc vm÷ jfhmaebj e ckmarer bc Ehckenme e Wubålrmge y ehhë grc÷ su nucve tcjrëe "He Rcrepme Acståhtmge" quc eferge nucves pcrspcgtmves lmhjs÷lmges bch `jkfrc. He tcrepme acståhtmge sc smrvc-fåsmgekcntc bc he psmgjhjaëe bc he Acsteht, bch Tsmgjenåhmsms y bc he Lmhjsjlëe Cxmstcngmeh Curjpce. Acsteht cs une pehefre ehckene quc smanmlmge tjtehmbeb, unmbeb, gjkpucste pjr bjs chckcntjs unmlmgebjs9 Lmaure y Ljnbj. RCVETME ACWREHRMGE He tcrepme Acsteht gjn gjngcptjs `ukenjs fåsmgjs mntcnterå prjkjvcr ch bcserrjhhj bc gebe jraenmskj e trevís bc su tígnmge, hj quc pcrkmtmrå cngjntrerhc kctes mkpjrtentcs burentc su keburcz. Mnstrumr eh suictj pere quc prcstc etcngm÷n e hj quc smcntc, e hj quc qumcrc, e hj quc bcfc `egcr pere hjarer une gjngmcngme mntcrrukpmbe, y bcsgufre g÷kj mntcrrukpc su prjpme lungm÷n. Cste mntcrrupgm÷n cs prucfe bc rcsmstcngme e hj quc ch suictj rcsmstc cs he gjngmcngme bc he ncgcsmbeb bc jraenmzer su gjkpjrtekmcntj. Burentc ch prjgcsj tcrepíutmgj sc kenmlmcsten bmlcrcntcs cxtregtjs9

 

CPRVEGRJ LEHWJ9 Gjnstmtumbj pjr tjbes hes rcprcscntegmjncs, rjhcs, gjngcptjs, (mbcehcs) y gjrrcspjnbcr gjn chhj e he ehture bc un gjngcptj mkpjrtentc grcebj pjr njsjtrjs kmskjs j pjr hjs bckås cn un mntcntj bc epertersc bc së kmskj.

CPRVEGRJ LJFMGJ9 Cxtregtj cn ch quc ckpczekjs e jpjncr rcsmstcngmes, jficgmjncs guenbj ckpczekjs e bernjs gucnte bc nucstres gjnbugtes, bc nucstres kenmpuhegmjncs lehses y gjkcnzekjs e pjncrnjs cn gjntegtj gjn hjs tckjrcs, quc  prcscrven nucstres gjnbugtes. gjnbug tes. CPRVEGRJ BCH MKTEWWC9 Lesc cn he quc njs scntmkjs etrepebjs, smn sefcr quí `egcr, smn sefcr `egme b÷nbc kjvcrnjs. CPRVEGRJ MKTHJWM\J9 Njs pcrkmtc scntmrnjs rcehcs, eutíntmgjs y sc hhcae e íh bånbjnjs gucnte bc quí kencre njs `ckjs hmkmtebj e njsjtrjs kmskjs. CPRVEGRJ CPTHJWM\J9 Cn íste lesc jgurrc he ebeptegm÷n e hes nucves gjnbugtes y sc kenmlmcsten guenbj hes cncraëes mnegtmves sc hmfcren bc kencre bc mkpegtj. LMASVE ] LJNBJ Hjs psmg÷hjajs bc he Acsteht `en. bckjstrebj quc ch `jkfrc, nj pcrgmfc e hes Gjses gjkj cntmbebcs emshebes smn rchegm÷n cntrc chhes, smnj. quc hes jraenmze cn ch prjgcsj  pcrgcptmvj cn tjtehmbebcs smanmlmgetmves. Ch prjgcsj lmaure-ljnbj lmaure-l jnbj cs equch cn ch gueh he eutjrrcauhegm÷n jraenëskmge cstå rchegmjnebe gjn ch mntcrgekfmj y he ncgcsmbeb quc un jraenmskj vmvj tmcnc gjn ch kcbmj ekfmcntc lësmgj y sjgmeh, cngjntrenbj su `jkcjstesms. He lmaure j Acsteht cs smckprc hj kås sjfrcsehmcntc hj ckcracntc, y ch ljnbj cs hj bmlusj j mnbmlcrcngmebj.

 

Wmstcke, @jhmskj y Acsteht Hjs scrcs `ukenjs pucbcn gjnsmbcrersc bcsbc he pcrspcgtmve bch tjbj, gjkj un smstcke gjkphctj, y un sufsmstcke gjkj pertc bc un smstcke keyjr, y sjhj pucbcn bmvmbmrsc pere he mnvcstmaegm÷n. He tcjrëe acncreh bc smstckes prjpucste pjr Fcrtehenlly scõehe9 "Gjn he tcjrëe acncreh bc smstckes, `ckjs hhcaebj e un nmvch cn ch quc ye nj `efhekjs bc cntmbebcs lësmges y quëkmges, smnj quc bmsgutmkjs une prjpmcbeb gjkphctekcntc acncreh". Tere Ernjhb y Jsjrmj (5==0) Rcjrëe Acncreh bc hjs Wmstckes cs cntcnbmbe bc une kencre `jhëstmge c mntcarebjre bch smstcke. Ch tírkmnj `jhëstmgj sc utmhmze pere mnbmger quc he rcehmbeb cstå gjkpucste pjr un gjniuntj bc espcgtjs quc gjnstmtuycn un tjbj, y eunquc sc pucbcn mbcntmlmger hes bmvcrses  pertcs quc gjnstmtuycn he rcehmbeb, he suke bc cstes cs tes pertcs nj pucbc cxphmger ch tjbj pjrquc sc vuchvc bmlcrcntc. (Wmk÷n, Wtmcrhmn, y Qynnc, 5==7). Ch gjngcptj Acsteht luc bclmnmbj pjr Oj`hcr «gjkj une unmbeb j un tjbj quc sjfrcsehc cn su ekfmcntc j kergj bc rclcrcngme¿. Guenbj sc cstefhcgc une Acsteht sc pcrgmfc une tjtehmbeb, nj une scrmc bc chckcntjs lreakcntebjs, j gjkpjncntcs emshebjs, smnj quc sc jfscrven ljrkes cstrugturebes quc cngmcrren une tjtehmbeb cn së kmske y quc nj pcrkmtc, sehvj quc sc `eae un cslucrzj

 

mntcngmjneh, mbcntmlmger hes pertcs quc hj gjkpjncn. He lmaure pucbc scr rcckphezebe pjr jtre y he prmkcre pese e ljrker pertc bch ljnbj, bcpcnbmcnbj bc he cxpcrmcngme y geregtcrëstmges bch suictj.

GJNGCTRJW FÅWMGJW BC TWMGJRCVETME ACWREHR Hjs gjngcptjs bc Equë y E`jre, Bersc gucnte j Rjke bc gjngmcngme, sjn legtjrcs mkpjrtentcs pere quc ch suictj tcnae un cqumhmfrmj gjnsmaj kmskj y gjn ch kcbmj ch quc rchegmjne.

CH EUSË ] CH E@JVE Cn tcrepme Acsteht sc trefeie cn ch prcscntc, cn ch equë y ch e`jre, hj quc he pcrsjne cstå vmvmcnbj cn csc kjkcntj bc su vmbe, ch prcster etcngm÷n eh prcscntc sc `e jfscrvebj cn bmvcrses guhtures y bmsgmphmnesc. Cn scsm÷n bc tcrepme mnbmvmbueh j arupeh sc trefeie gjn hj quc he pcrsjne epjrte cn csc kjkcntj, cn ch prcscntc, cvmtenbj mntcrprcter j fusger kjtmvjs mngjnsgmcntcs. Ch bersc gucnte cs un prjgcsj e trevís bch gueh he pcrsjne cstefhcgc he rchegm÷n cntrc su mntcrmjr y su cxtcrmjr. Gjn rchegm÷n eh prjgcsj bc bersc gucnte, Wtcvcns scõehe quc he  pcrsjne pucbc trefeier pere per e bcserrjhher he gepegmbeb bc gjnjgcr hj quc cstå vmvmcnbj cn csc kjkcntj, ebckås bc mngrckcnter y bmvcrsmlmger su gepegmbeb bc bersc gucnte e trevís bch cicrgmgmj y ch trefeij aumebj. Ch ‘Bersc Gucnte‛, Rjke bc Gjngmcngme j Ewercncss

 

Kmcntres ch prjgcsj bc tjke bc gjngmcngme gjntmnùc, unj pucbc kentcncr ch cqumhmfrmj cn he vmbe bmerme. Bc cste kencre, pjbrå scr gjnsgmcntc bc su cstebj gekfmentc y rcgjnjgcr su pepch cn cse smtuegm÷n y ch trefeij quc `e rcehmzebj pere chhj. Cxmstc une bmlcrcngme cntrc he tjke bc gjngmcngme y ch mnsma`t. Ch prmkcr prjgcsj cs un prjgcsj gjntmnuj quc hj kentmcnc e unj cn gjntegtj gjn unj kmskj, y ch scaunbj prjgcsj jgurrc jgesmjnehkcntc feij gjnbmgmjncs cspcgmehcs. Ch Gmghj bc he Cxpcrmcngme Rekfmín gjnjgmbj gjkj ch Gmghj Acsteht gjn cstj sc bcsmane eh prjgcsj  psmgjlmsmjh÷amgj rchegmjnebj gjn he setmsleggm÷n bc ncgcsmbebcs ncgcs mbebcs bch jraenmskj, cs un gmghj quc sc rcpmtc mngcsentckcntc, cstå prcscntc burentc he vmbe bc tjbe pcrsjne. Ctepes bch Gmghj bc he Cxpcrmcngme E pertmr bch gmghj bc he cxpcrmcngme cs pjsmfhc jfscrver y gjnjgcr cn quí kjkcntj sc prjbugc cn he pcrsjne he mntcrrupgm÷n j fhjqucj quc hc mkpmbc he rcsjhugm÷n j setmsleggm÷n bc he ncgcsmbeb quc bmj jrmacn eh gmghj, jfsteguhmzenbj ch cqumhmfrmj y bcserrjhhj. Ch mnmgmj bch gmghj bc he cxpcrmcngme sc cstefhcgc guenbj he pcrsjne (ch jraenmskj), e pertmr bc un cstebj bc rcpjsj, smcntc quc surac cn íh une ncgcsmbeb? ch suictj tjke gjngmcngme bc chhe c mbcntmlmge quc pucbc setmslegcrhe kjvmhmzenbj cn cse bmrcggm÷n he cncraëe, rcehmze gjntegtj gjn hj quc hj ve e setmslegcr cse ncgcsmbeb, setmslegc cse ncgcsmbeb y vuchvc e un cstebj bc rcpjsj. GJKJ CW SNE WCWMJN BC RCVETME ACWREHR

 

Hjs tcrepcutes acstehtmstes `egcn efjrbeics mnbmvmbuehcs j arupehcs. Bmg`es mntcrvcngmjncs sc gcntren cn he eutjnjkëe y pjtcngmehmbeb bc he pcrsjne enehmzebe. Acncrehkcntc gjnsten bc trcs pertcs9

5. Ch pe pegm gmcn cntc tc kenm kenmlm lmcs cste te su su pprjf rjfhc hcke ke eh ps psmg mgjt jtcre crepc pcut ute, e, qum qumcn cn ene enehm hmze ze nj nj sjhj sjhj hj quc bmgc he pcrsjne smnj sus acstjs mngjnsgmcntcs. 6.

Wc hc pm pmbc bc eh pe pegm gmcnt cntcc qquc uc cxeac cxeacrc rc csjs csjs acst acstjs, js, hj hjss gueh guehcs cs ssjn jn rc rclh lhci cijj bc su

gjkpjrtekmcntj. Cs une ljrke cn quc ch tcrepcute cntmcnbe kcijr e he pcrsjne. 7.

Ch mn mnbm bmvm vmbu bujj bcfc bcfc sca scaum umrr hhjs js gj gjnsc nscij ijss pere pere ep eprc rcnbc nbcrr e rcegg rceggmj mjne nerr bc kcij kcijrr

ljrke cn smtuegmjncs gjkphmgebes

KCRJBJ ] RCGNMGEW RCGNMGEW WSTVCWM\EW Trctcnbcn fåsmgekcntc cvmter j suprmkmr hjs mntcntjs bc cvesm÷n bch ghmcntc bch equë/e`jre y bc su cxpcrmcngme? cs bcgmr, sc fusge gjn chhj quc ch suictj cxpcrmkcntc hj quc nj qumcrc j hj jguhtj e lmn bc legmhmter su bersc gucnte. RCGNMGEW CPTVCWM\EW Wc fusge quc ch suictj cxtcrmjrmgc hj mntcrnj, quc sc bí gucnte bc gjses quc  pjsmfhckcntc hhcv÷ cn së tjbe su vmbe pcrj quc nj pcrgmfëe. pcr gmfëe. RCGNMGEW MNRCAVERM\EW

 

Wc fusge gjn cstes tígnmges quc ch suictj mngjrpjrc j rcmntcarc e su pcrsjnehmbeb sus  pertcs ehmcnebes.

Kítjbjs j cicrgmgmjs kås usebjs cn tcrepme Acsteht Wc rcehmzen gjn ch lmn bc grcer cxpcrmcngmes ckjgmjnehcs gjrrcgtjres, smaumcnbj hjs  petrjncs grcetmvjs j gjrpjrehcs. Wmhhe \egëe Cs ch cicrgmgmj kås lekjsj bc he tcrepme Acsteht. Gjnsmstc cn quc ch pegmcntc smcntc cn he smhhe une buehmbeb y hc `efhc, cxprcsenbj g÷kj sc smcntc. Eh `efcr une gjncxm÷n cntrc he pcrsjne y su buehmbeb, gekfmen bc smhhe y smaucn gjnvcrsenbj. Wu buehmbeb pucbc tcncr he lmaure bc un gjnjgmbj, gjkj hjs pebrcs. Wc ephmge guenbj ch pegmcntc smcntc gjnlhmgtjs mntcrnjs y ckjgmjncs gjntrebmgtjrmes.

Rerce Tcnbmcntc Wc trete bc rcsjhvcr un esuntj pcnbmcntc bc ljrke smkf÷hmge. Tucbc scr csgrmfmr une gerte e ehaumcn quc lehhcgm÷, ajhpcer un gjiën quc rcprcscnte e une pcrsjne quc hc `mzj beõj. Tsmgj-kjnjbreke Cs une egtuegm÷n bc un prjgcsj mntcrnj, rcgrcer un cpmsjbmj mkpjrtentc pere gjkprcnbcrhj y rcsjhvcrhj. Eutjrrcvchegm÷n

 

Wc trete bc quc ch pegmcntc cxpjnae scntmkmcntjs rcprmkmbjs `egme ehaj j ehaumcn. Reh vcz nj sce gjnsgmcntc bc quc tmcnc cses ckjgmjncs ncaetmves benbj vuchtes smn rcsjhvcr. Ljgusmna Fusge gekfmer he ckjgm÷n scntmbe. Tjr cickphj9 ch pegmcntc cnjiebj quc qumcrc armter pere bcse`jaersc y nj pucbc. Ch tcrepcute pucbc eyuber e chmkmner he tcnsm÷n bmelreakåtmge quc hc mkpmbc armter. Mkeamnegm÷n Aumebe Wc ljrken csgcnermjs pere quc ch pegmcntc rcehmgc hj quc ncgcsmte y bcsce. Cickphj9 mkeamner y rcvmvmr ch egjsj csgjher, y bcgmrhcs e csjs g`mgjs quc nj kcrcgëe csc tretj. Wcõehekmcntj Ch psmg÷hjaj hc scõehe bmrcgtekcntc eh pegmcntc hj quc ncgcsmte. Tjr cickphj, hc bmgc e he pcrsjne quc pucbc pcrbjnersc e së kmskj pjr gmcrtj crrjr gjkctmbj cn ch pesebj y quc nj hc bcie vmvmr. Eyuberhj e cntcnbcr quc cs prcgmsj `egcrhj pere hmfcrersc y cngjntrer pez. Kctåljres y kùsmge Wc use ketcrmeh scnsjrmeh y cvjgebjr pere rcgjrber une ckjgm÷n. Kucstre eh  pegmcntc g÷kj hj `egcn jtres pcrsjnes, pcrsjnes , hes vcnteies y hj kjtmve e `egcr hj kmskj. @efhersc eh Cspcij Kjtmve e gekfmer une pcrgcpgm÷n ncaetmve bc së kmskj. \crsc eh cspcij y bcgmrhc eh rclhcij quc crcs bmanj bc scr ekebj y rcspctebj, quc nj mkpjrte he ghesc bc gucrpj quc tmcncs.

 

Vcsuhtebjs bch prjgcsj bc he psmgjtcrepme Acsteht Wc gjnsmauc un gekfmj bc gjkpjrtekmcntj y kcijr bcserrjhhj pcrsjneh. Eh `efcrsc sjkctmbj e bmg`e tcrepme, pjbrås9 •

\mvmr ch pprrcscntc, cn cchh equë y e`jre.

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Bcier bc lentescer j cvebmr he rcehmbeb.

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Egtuer cn vcz bc sjhj pcnser.

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Bcier bc epercnter.

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Gjkunmgertc bc vcrbeb.

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Wcntmr ch bjhjr.

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Wcr tu kmskj.

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Cn rc rcsu sukc kcn, n, hhee psmg psmgjh jhja jaëe ëe bc he he Acs Acste teht ht tr tref efei eiee hhes es ckj ckjgm gmjn jncs cs gjn gjn prj prjgc gcsj sjss

bc ckpetëe, acnumnj mntcrís, egcptegm÷n pcrsjneh y epjyj mngjnbmgmjneh.

TVCGESGMJNCW, EHGENGCW ] ETHMGEGMJNCW Hes tígnmges bc he tcrepme acståhtmge pjsccn kùhtmphcs ephmgegmjncs, nj sjhj cn  psmgjtcrepme smnj tekfmín cn jtrjs Gekpjs. He tcrepme acståhtmge prjpjrgmjne prjpj rgmjne tígnmges bc aren clmgegme pere kencier gjnbugtes ncur÷tmges, eutjbcstrugtmves, esë gjkj pere kjvmhmzer y cngekmner he cncraëe `ukene `egme un bcserrjhhj eut÷njkj y grcetmvj. Tjscc gjnsmbcrefhc vehjr pere he tcrepme mnbmvmbueh j arupeh, bc heraj phezj y pucbc utmhmzersc pere une aren vermcbeb bc prjfhckes y pere bmlcrcntcs pcrsjnes sce cn ljrke mnbmvmbueh j

 

arupeh. He tcrepme acståhtmge bcfc efjrbersc gjn gumbebj y rcspctj, bcfmbj e su gepegmbeb bc cicrgcr pjbcrjsjs clcgtjs. He tcrepme acståhtmge sc cngucntre cn un lrengj bcserrjhhj nj s÷hj cn Curjpe, smnj tekfmín cn Ekírmge, e trevís bc arupjs c mnstmtugmjncs.

VCLCVCNGMEW FMFHMJAVELMGEW Furae, V÷kuhj (5=05). Rcrepme acståhtmge. Vcvmste Hetmnjekcrmgene bc Tsmgjhjaëe, 57(5),03- =